Scribd
Upload
64 views7 pages

Stair Design

This document discusses stair design. It describes the types and loading conditions of stairs. Stairs are classified as transversely or longitudinally supported. This design example is for a two-flight longitudinally supported stair with specified dimensions and materials. It calculates the loads, checks the shear force, and determines the required flexural and temperature/shrinkage reinforcement. The slab thickness is found to be adequate to resist shear without reinforcement. Based on the bending moment diagram and calculations, the required flexural steel area is determined to be 1.97 in2 using 12 #12 bars spaced at 3.5 inches longitudinally. Temperature/shrinkage reinforcement is 1.63 in2 using 24 #10 bars spaced at 8 inches transversely.

Uploaded by

Rifat Bin Kamal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
64 views7 pages

Stair Design

This document discusses stair design. It describes the types and loading conditions of stairs. Stairs are classified as transversely or longitudinally supported. This design example is for a two-flight longitudinally supported stair with specified dimensions and materials. It calculates the loads, checks the shear force, and determines the required flexural and temperature/shrinkage reinforcement. The slab thickness is found to be adequate to resist shear without reinforcement. Based on the bending moment diagram and calculations, the required flexural steel area is determined to be 1.97 in2 using 12 #12 bars spaced at 3.5 inches longitudinally. Temperature/shrinkage reinforcement is 1.63 in2 using 24 #10 bars spaced at 8 inches transversely.

Uploaded by

Rifat Bin Kamal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

CHAPTER 6 : Stair Design

Stair Design

6.1. General Introduction:


Staircases provide means of movement from one floor to another in a structure. Staircases
consist of a number of steps with landings at suitable intervals to provide comfort and safety
for the users.

Figure 6.1 : Main technical terms of Stair

34
For purpose of design, stairs are classified into two types

a) Transversely supported (transverse to the direction of movement)

Transversely supported stairs include:

❖ Simply supported steps supported by two walls or beams or a combination of both.


❖ Steps cantilevering from a wall or a beam.
❖ Stairs cantilevering from a central spine beam.

b) Longitudinally supported (in the direction of movement):

These stairs span between supports at the top and bottom of a flight and
unsupported at the sides.

As a common practice in Bangladesh we will design a “Two-flight longitudinally supported Stair”

Here,
Considering, 𝑓𝑐′ = 2.8 ksi and 𝑓𝑦 = 60 ksi
Riser = 6 in. and Tread or Going = 10 in.

Minimum thickness of stair = 0.85*( 𝑙 ⁄20)

>>0.85*14.792*12/20
>>7.54 in.

Considering waist slab thickness 7.5 in.

35
Figure 6.2:Staircase plan view

6.2. Loading on Flight:

1) Dead Load:

a) Self weight of step: 0.5*6/12*3.5*150


>> 131.25 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑓𝑡

b) Self weight of waist slab: 7.5/12*3.5*150/𝑐𝑜𝑠30.95°


>> 328.125 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑓𝑡

c) Weight of plaster finish and floor finish : (2+1)/12*3.5*120/ 𝑐𝑜𝑠30.95°


>> 122.52 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑓𝑡

36
2) Live Load:
120 psf *3.5 ft
>> 420 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑓𝑡

According to BNBC-2006,

Total factored load: 1.4(Dead Load) + 1.7(Live Load)


>> 1.4(131.25+382.88+122.52) + 1.7*420
>> 1605.31 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑓𝑡

6.3. Loading on Landing:

1) Dead load :

a) Self weight of landing: 7.5/12*3.67*150

>>344.0625 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑓𝑡

b) Plaster finish and floor finish: (2+1)/12*3.67*120


>> 110.1 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑓𝑡

2) Live Load : 120*3.67


>> 440.4 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑓𝑡

Total factored load: 1.4(344.0625 + 11.01) + 1.7* 440.4


>> 1384.5075 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑓𝑡

6.4. Checking shear force:


𝑉𝑢, 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (1384.5075*3.922/2 + 1605.31*9.17 *8.505 +
1384.5075*1.375*13.7775)/14.792
>> 11203.94991 𝑙𝑏s.

37
Shear resisting capability of the concrete section:
Φ𝑉𝑐 = Φ2λ√𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑑
Here, d = 7.5 – 1.5 – 0.47 – 0.31 = 5.22
and λ = 0.75 for lightweight concrete (Being in the conservative side )
>> 0.75*2*0.75*√2800*3.5*12*5.22
>> 13051.22 , which is less than 𝑉𝑢, 𝑚𝑎𝑥

So, slab thickness is adequate for resisting shear force without using shear reinforcement.

6.5. Bending Moment:

Figure 6.3 : Bending Moment Diagram of stair

38
From the moment diagram we got maximum moment 492.442 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑘𝑖𝑝𝑠

𝑓′ ∈𝑢
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.85 β1𝑓𝑐 ∈
𝑦 𝑢 +∈𝑦

2.8 0.003
>> 0.85*0.85* 60 ∗ 0.003+0.005

>> 0.01264

𝜌𝑓𝑦
𝑀𝑢 = ∅𝜌𝑓𝑦 𝑏𝑑 2 ( 1 – 0.59 )
𝑓𝑐′
𝜌∗60
>> 492.446 = 0.9*𝜌*3.5*12*5.222 (1 - 0.59 )
2.8

>>𝜌 = 0.00899 and 𝜌 = 0.070 >𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥

So, Flexural steel area :


𝐴𝑠 = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
>> 0.00899*3.5*12*5.22
>> 1.97 𝑖𝑛2
Using,12 ∅12 mm @ 3.5 “ in the longitudinal direction.

Shrinkage and temperature reinforcement :


𝐴𝑠 = 0.0018𝑏𝑡
>> 0.0018*14.465*12*7.5
>> 1.63 𝑖𝑛2
Using,24 ∅ 10 mm @ 8 “ in the transverse direction.

39
Figure 6.4 : Reinforcement detailing of stair

40

You might also like