English Unlimited Pre Intermediate b1 Coursebook
English Unlimited Pre Intermediate b1 Coursebook
English Unlimited Pre Intermediate b1 Coursebook
D I Coursebook
1 1 C a m b r id g e
U N IV E R S IT Y P R ES S
C- BRIDGE U N IV E R S IT Y PRESS
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape “ own, Singapore,
Säo Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo
www.cambridge.org
Inform ation on this title : www.cambridge.org/9780521697774
V o ca b u lary L is te n in g
Me and my lile Your life p7 Kate talks about her life p7
© introduce and ta lk about Needs, wants and Learning a language p8
yourself reasons p8
S p ea kin g
@ ta lk about needs, w ants
pages Talk about your life p7
and reasons
7-9 Give reasons p9
V o ca b u lary L is te n in g Keyword so
Play Talking about m usic p10 Music in Trinidad and Tobago p10
© ta lk about music Li talks about m otorbikes p14 A cro ss cultures
Deciding w hat to do p11
pages ® ta lk about w hat to do in Sports and exercise p13 C ulture shock
10-17 R ea d in g
your free tim e Talking about interests p i 4 W riting
Interview w ith Ruben Gonzalez
© ta lk about past events and
G ra m m a r P12 © w rite messages of request
present activities
Present simple, past and inform ation to different
© ta lk about spo rt and R e a d in g and lis te n in g
sim ple, present people
exercise WOMADelaide p i 1
© ta lk about your interests progressive p12
and how they started S p e a k in g
P ro n u n cia tio n
Music and you p1Q
Word stress p i3
Target activity Choose an event to attend p i 1
Look again O
Talk about an intorost M ichelle Sung Wie, Vincent
S pelling and sounds
Mantsoe p i 2
Sports and exercise p13 or, w or-
V ocabu lary L is te n in g
Energy Household chores p50 W eather: Moscow, Kolkata p52
Keyword do
© ta lk about present habits Talking about habits p51 Fitness centre survey p54 Independent learning
pages ® talk ahnut w eather Reading th e phonemic script
W eather p52
50-57 © make comparisons R ead in g
Expressing preferences p54
© express preferences The tre a d m ill. The cycle w asher Speaking
G ra m m a r p5D. p124 © speak m ore politely by
Target activity Comparing things p53 being less direct
S p ea kin g
Do a survey
P ro n u n cia tio n Who does the chores? p50 Look again O
Words w ith -er and -est p53 Your habits p51 Spelling and sounds
Comparing regions p53 •able and -ible
Vocabulary L is te n in g
City life The environment p59 How can I get there? p61
Keyword wiu
© make guesses and Giving directions p6J What should I see? p62 A c r o s s cultures
pages predictions Getting tourist inform ation Tourism
58-65 © make recommendations R ead ing
p62
© give directions TUe urban w orld in 2050 p58 W riting
© get inform ation in a tou rist G ra m m a r Am sterdam Travel Guide p60 © w rite a description of a
office will, might, n a y p59 place
S p e a k in g
Real conditionals p60
The environm ent p5?
Target activity
P ro n u n cia tio n Life in 2050 p59 Look agwii O
Get to u ris t in fo rm a tio n
Linking consonants and Recom mendations p60 Spelling and sounds
vowels 2 p61 Give directions p61 ui. uy
© say how you feel Extreme adjectives p75 Two friends catch up p78 A cro ss cultures
pages © give and respond to Gestures
Reacting to news, thanking.
74-81 different kinds of news R ea d in g
apologisirg p76
© thank people and apologise Why do people laugh? yawn? Writing
Asking fo r news p78
© ask ta r news cry? p74, p 125. p130 © w rite an em ail o r note of
G ra m m a r apology
S p ea kin g
Target activity Present perfect 3 - giving
How did you feel? p75
Catch up w ith frie n d s news p77
Role play: Jean Paul and
P ro nu nciation Rachel p??
Intonation - speaking vritt W hat's happened? p77 S p e d y > ’ sounds
em otion p77 -ge. -dge, -age
Goals Language Skills Explore
V ocabu lary L is te n in g
Gening organised Hotel facilities p82 A room in Kuala Lum pur p83
Keyword make
© book a room and check Slaying in a hotel p83 Leonardo and Min's plans p85 Independent learning
pages intn a hotel Arranging to meet up p86 A change of plan p86 Im prove your listening
82-89 © talk about plans and
G ra m m a r R ead in g Speaking
arrangem ents
® make and change Future plans and Remember me? p84 © use questions to preface
arrangem ents arrangem ents p85 invitations and requests
S p ea kin g
P ro n u n cia tio n Book a room, check in p83 Look again G
Target activity
Intonation in questions p85 Plans and arrangem ents p85 Spelling and sounds
A rrange to m eet up
au. aw
flctivifles pages 122-131, Grammar reference and practice pages 132-1/2. Scripts pages 143-158
How to use this coursebook
Every unit of th is book is divided into sections,
w ith clear, practical goats for learning.
Th«? f i r s t f o u r p a g e s o f t h o u n i t h o l p y o u b u i l d y o u r
language s k ills and knowledge. These pages include
—— ; 5 speaking, listening, reading, w ritin g , gram m ar,
vocabulary and pronunciation activities. They are
m m m 31 followed by a Target a c tiv ity w hich w ill help you put
IB? Ü m
lE JE z: . T - 7-'.’.-__
r •?-r -~
__
«fids* ---
The E xplore section of the unit begins w ith a Keyword,
w hich looks at one of the most comm on and useful
w ords in English, it also inc.udes either an Across
c u ltu re s o r an Independent le a rn in g section, and
then an E xplore speaking or E xplore w ritin g task.
The Explore section gives you extra language and
s k ills w ork, a ll aim ing to help you become a better
com m unicator in English and a more effective learner.
The Look again section takes another look at the target language fo r the unit,
This sym bol shows you when you :an hear and practise the
Q correct pronunciation of key language, using the audio DVD-ROM.
6
Intro goals
- introduce and ta.k about yourself
5 ta lk about needs, w ants and reasons
Me and my life
I’m from Ottawa
1 Introduce yourself to yo u r group Hi, my nam e’s Kate Mori.
I’m from Ottawa in Canada
LISTENING 2 a Look at th e pictures fro m K ate’s life. W hat can you guess about her:
1 fam ily? 2 w ork? 3 free time?
a Why are you le a n in g English? Think about why you need it and w hat you’d like to do.
b Talk together. Which reasons are the m ost com m on and the m ost interesting?
[w h y ?
Because m ost of my fam ily
and friends are here.
S e lf-a s s e s s m e n t
Can you do these th in g s in English?(Circle)a n u m be r
on each lin e . 1 = I can’t do this, 5 = I can do th is w e ll.
Play
Local music
LISTENING 1 Talk together.
N a ta lie ta lk s a b o u t
m u s ic in T rin id a d a n d
Tob&20. w h e re sh e
g re w up.
1 Do people in Trinidad and Tobago only listen to local music, o r music from
around the w orld?
2 Which instrum ents in the pictures does Natalie ta lk about?
3 a W hich in stru m e n t does N atalie play now? Which doesn’t she play? Why?
Listen again to check.
VOCABULARY 4 a N atalie m entions these types of m usic. Can you th in k ol any more?
Talking about Cuban music, reggae, classical, calypso, salsa, rum ba ..
music
b W hat types of music are pop u la r w here you live?
5 Match 1-7 w ith a -g and com plete the sentences from Natalie's interview .
W rite fo u r o r five sentences about some of these things. Use the highlighted
expressions from 5.
• m usic in your country • a special in stru m e n t in your country
• a type of music you like • m usic in your childhood
• m usic in your life now • som ething you'd like to learn
SPEAKING Talk to each other about music
I learned how to play the guitar
in yo u r country and in yo u r life.
when I was a teenager.
Ask questions to Im d out m ore. f Were you in a band^ j
10
Music around the world
READING AND Read the online program m e fo r WOMADelaide on Sunday Do you know any of the
LISTENING p e rfo rm e rs? Wh ch w ould you m ost like to see?
CD
^ www.womadelaide.com
es
Cesaria Evora - Cape Verde Cesaria The B e a u tifu l Girls - A u stra lia Singer-
Evora's beautiful songs are sung In songwrlter-gulta'lst Mat McHugh
Creole Portuguese and originate from started The Beautiful Girls in 2002,
traditional Portuguese and Brazilian but the band has changed a lot since
music. then. Their music takes in hip-hop and
reggae, soul and pop.
Toum ani Diabate's S ym m etric Orchestra
- M ali More than any other kora player, Terem Q u a rte t - Russia Putting new
Toumani Diabate has brought the life into Russian folk music, the Terem
A t WOMADelaide, you unique 21-string West African harp to Quartet's performances are full of
can e njoy th e magical people around the world. fun and
sounds o f th e p lanet in incredible
the sunshine w ith frie n d s M ista Savona - A u stralia This 13-piece
musical
and fa m ily . (Kids under group - including some of Jamaica's
energy.
12 are fre e .) Come fo r a best singers together with leading
night, a day, o r fo r the Australian musicians - brings a huge
whole three days. and exciting reggae sound to the stage.
W ■I STAGES
2 * C O Listen to two frie n d s at w o rk, Cameron and John, ta lkin g about the
program m e. Which p e rfo rm e rs do they ta lk about? Which do they both
w ant to see?
VOCABULARY 3 a Complete the sentences fro m th e conversation w ith w ords fro m the box.
Deciding what
see have a look good idea get into
to do
i* W ork in pairs. Take tu rn s to say the firs t lines in 1-6 and rem em ber th e responses.
b In groups, decide:
6 Tell the class w hat you decided. W hich are the m ost popular p e rfo rm e rs in the
class? Which are the least popular?
11
1 .2 goals
An unusual athlete ta lk about past events and present activities
j ta lk about sport and excrcise
An interview w ith
Ruben G onzalez
A t school, A rg e n tin a ’s R uben G onzalez
w as n o t a n a tu ra l a th le te . H ow ever, a t th e
age o f 21, he s ta rte d d o in g th e O ly m p ic
sp o rt o f luge an d , fo u r years la te r, he
represented A rg e n tin a a t th e C algary
W in te r O lym p ics. H o w d id he d o it? Ruben today Ruben at the 2002 W inter Olympics
Read the in te rvie w w ith Ruben on p13 and answ er the questions.
1 Why did Ruben decide to become an Olympic athlete?
2 Why did he choose the luge?
3 How many W inter Olympics was he in?
L W hat's his job now?
3 Read the interview again. Why is luge a d ifficu lt sport? Find three reasons.
GRAMMAR 5 Com plete 1-3 in the table w ith the co rre ct tim e expression fro m the box.
Present simple,
past sim ple, at the m om ent som etim es in 1988
present
progressive Now com plete 4 -9 w ith are, do, d id n 't, don’t, 'm not, did.
o I s till practise on the luge 1w e rt to the Olympics I’m making a film 3_____ .
1som etim es. 2
0 how often 4_____ you practise? W h e n 5_____ you go to the W h a t6_____ you doing at the
Olympics? m om ent0
.
c 17 practise at weekends. I8 go in 1998. I9 . doing anything.
7 a Com plete the questions w ith the correct fo rm of the verb in [brackets).
1 W hat sp o rl _d[d_ Ruben play, at school? (play)
2 W hy he the luge? (choose)
3 W hen luge athletes u s u a lly ______ training? (start)
U How fa s t a luge ? (go)
5 How o fte n he _? (practise)
6 What he these days? (do)
Physical activities
O o1 Ooc 7 oO o3
hockey
SPEAKING In groups, ask and answ er the questions. Find out more.
TASK LISTENING Which of these things are you interested in? Why? Talk together.
TASK Make six sentences fro m th e in te rvie w w ith Li. W hich are about the past? Which
VOCABULARY are about now?
Talking about 1 It sta rte d when — a learn som ething nev
interests 2 1re a lly got into b going fast.
3 1re a lly wanted to c 1was a kid.
4 The great thing about it is, d m otorbikes ‘ e A»as a teenager.
5 I’m not interested in e it doesn ; ta*e »? *■ = to learn.
6 For me, f speed - -. -
TASK 5 a Choose som eth ng you're really interested in. Th - * s ■ese questions.
| My f i r R t b o y f r i e n d h a d a r e u l l y n ic e b ik e , s o w e w ent. r t d \ n g in f.h e c o n n t r y n i d * ft l n r . m at i
a What im p o rta n t decisions have you m ade in the la s t five years? W rite three sentences w ith so.
Make fo u r conversations and then practise in pairs. Take tu rn s to say 1 -4 and re m e n b e r a-d .
1 Do you need to w o rk late t oni ght ?— a Yes, I th in k so, but Casablanca’s much bigger.
2 Do you th in k it 'll rain tom orrow ? — ü I'm really lired üul yes, I suppose so / I guess so.
3 What's the capital of Morocco? Is it Rabat? c I hope so. This w eather's too hot fo r me.
4 Do you th in k the bank's open now? d No, I d o n 't th in k so. They usually close at four.
a W rite three questions fo r a p a rtn e r about these topics. ( Do you th in k chocolate is good fo r you?
Use: Do you th in k ... ? —
I hope so. I eat lots of it!
• food and d rin k • sport • m usic • the w eather • free tim e
Across cultures
Wnat do you th in k happens w hen people move to a new country or cu ltu re ? Make three sentences.
Article | Discussion | ^
........ '
C u lt u r e S h o c k
When people move to a foreign country, they often get culture shock. This has three different stages, though not
everyone is in the new culture long enough to go through all three.
• S tage 1 A t first, people often feel that tr e differences between th e old and new culture are interesting and
exciting. They m ay fall in love w ith the nsw foods, the lifestyle, people’s habits, the buikJInps, and so on.
■ Stage 2 A fter a fe w days, w eeks or m o rths, many people start to have problem s. They may thin k a lot about their
old c u ltu re and find it difficult to com m unicate w ith people. They m iss th e foo d from their own country, they feel
that the lifestyte is too fast or to o slow, they get angry at people’s habits, and so on.
■ S tage 3 After a while, the new culture starts to feel ‘ norm al’ and not ‘ new ’. People understand tha t it has good
and bad things to offer. They start thinking about day-to-day living, as they did in the ir original culture.
Think about th e questions. Then ta lk together, using th e h ighlighted expressions in the a rtic le to help you.
1 Have you (or people you know) ever had culture shock? What happened?
2 What things do people usually like when they come to yo u r country? What th in g s can be d iffic u lt fo r them ?
3 Have you ever gone to live, w o rk o r study in a new place? Would you like to?
4 What things were new fo r you? How did you feel about them? Did you get used to them ?
EXPLOR Writing Goal
1 Look at the photo. W hat's w rong w ith Cameron? w rite m essages of request and invrtatie*i to
d iffere n t peon.e
How do you th in k he feels?
2 a Read th e em ails.
1 W h a t w i l l C a m e r o n d o f o r t h e n e x t fe w d a y s ?
Why?
2 What are the names of: his friends? his client?
3 What does he arrange to do next week?
b W hich em ails are more fo rm a l? W hich are less
form a l?
4 a Cover the em ails. Can you com plete the appointm ent .o r today. I'm ™ t " e" ; * OU“ ¥° U
mind changing our appointm ent to Monday
sentences w ith these expressions?
Tuesday next week? Any time is fine.
Invitations
4 Would you lik e to join me at Chez Michel at
one o ’clock? We could ta lk about the project
0
5 W rite sh o rt e m a ils fo r these situations.
6» m f e e s
1 Invite a friend to meet you som ew here. Give t***« »«Phr *£ ftrnrd Prh«
the date, tim e and place. P am ,
2 Cancel an appointm ent w ith a client. Give the
R e a lly s o r ry b u t I w o k e up th is m o rn in g w ith a
reason, suggest a new tim e, and invite
co ld a n d fe e l te r rib le . I have to ta k e a fe w da ys
her / him to lunch.
o ff. H ow a b o u t d in n e r n e x t w e e k?
6 Exchange e m a ils w ith a partner. W rite a short C a m e ro n .
reply to each one.
PS W h e n y o u see Jo h n , could yo u te ll h im to
g iv e m e a call?
7 Look at a ll yo u r em ails together. Do you th in k they
have the co rre ct style?
You p o o r th in g ! Yes, ne xt w e e k w ill be g o o d . Is it
a ll rig h t i f I d ro p b y to m o rro w , o r w o u ld y o u p re fe r
to be alone? Take care. P :•)
16
Look again O
Review Extension
VOCABULARY Music, s p o rts and exercise SPELLING AND SOUNDS or, w or-
1 a W ork together. How many w ords o r expressions U a * f l O Listen and repeat the w ords w ith o r and
can you th in k of: w o r-.
1 connected w ith m usic? jazz, in s tru m e n t...
o r w ith stress o r w ithout stress wor-
2 fo r sports and exercise? swimm ing, yoga...
h i/ h f /w 3 :/
b » O Listen to eight in stru ctio n s. W rite down • • • •
your answ ers - but do n 't w rite them in order. sp o rt born m otorbike doctor w o rk
C Look at each o th e r s answ ers. Can you guess b Add these w ords to the correct group. P ractise
what they mean? saying them .
b V /rite tw o m ore questions to ask a partner. Then b Think about how to describe some th in g s and
ask and answ er a ll th e questions. people you re a lly lik e or do n 't like , fo r exam ple:
c Listen to each o th e r's sentences. Give more 3 ta lk about you r inte rests and how they
started
inform ation.
5 w rite messages o f request and invitation|to
Well, a fte r the lesson I'd diffe ren t people
like to go home and relax ...
OK.
• For Wordcards, reference and saving your work » e-Portfolio
... but actually I need • For more practice »» Self-study Pack, Unit 1
to go back to work!
II
2.1 goals
: talK about personal experience
ta lk about your studies
Margaret
Do you know anyone w ith s im ila r stories to Luis, P ierre o r M argaret? Talk together,
VOCABULARY a Who m entions these subjects? W hat do they say about them ?
Studying
Spanish IT s k ills archaeology history m aths science m usic a rt
geography, French...
exams a Complete the sentences fro m the interview s w ith w ords o r expressions fro m the box.
a degree 1 I'm doing a doctorate in archaeology.
a thesis 2 I'm w r it in g ______ on my w o rk in the Amazon.
an IT skills course 3 I passed m y ______- ju s t !
c o lle g e s 4 I wanted to d o ______ in art.
a-deeterate 5 I applied to some
courses 6 I got into th e of A rt andDesign inLimoges.
degrees 7 We don't do exams o r g e t ______ .
School 8 I've d o n e in music, local history and Spanish.
9 Last w eek I signed up f o r ______ .
b Which w ords in the box in 7a can go w ith these verbs? do get p a s s /fa il
do a degree, do a doctorate...
W rite five sentences about your past o r present studies. Use the expressions in 7a.
----------------------
I've done...
GRAMMAR
1 Look at the sentences fro m the in te rv ie w w ith P ierre and answer the questions.
Present perfect 1
1 I've always enjoyed a rt. 2 I didn’t like a lo t of subjects at school.
- fc r experience
In which sentence is he talking about: a only the past? b his w hole life up to now?
Ö What kind of c o u rs e s _____ you done? Has she ever studied Spanish?
Q I’ve done courses in music, local history and Spanish. Yes, she
0 I choose things I studied before. No, s h e _____ .
© I ______never been very good w ith com puters.
PRONUNCIATION a • SED We stress the most im p o rta n t w ords in a sentence (often question words,
Sentence stress nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs). Listen to these questions fro m 3 and practise.
• * • •
1 What subjects have you always enjoyed?
• • •
2 What subjects have you always been good at?
SPEAKING Ask and answ er the questions in 3. Ask questions to find out more.
19
2 .2 goals
A great place to work? ta lk about personal experience
© ta lk about your w ork
b For each question 1-5, w h a t’s the m ost comm on answer in the class?
Are yo u r reasons the same?
READING Read fo u r web postings by people who w o rk fo r CSP, a com pany w hich designs
and s e lls com puter softw are. Who's g e n e ra lly happy at CSP? W ho’s not happy?
T h e W o r k p la c e > c h a t
1 P o s te d b y : M a rc o
2 P o s te d b y : n o n a m e 9 9
3 P o s te d b y : L a u r e n l O l
4 P o s te d b y : L y d ia
VOCABULARY Complete statem ents 1 -6 . Then read the postings again ta check.
Working 1 We have flexible w orking a I never have any money at the end
conditions hours: of the m onth!
The managem ent isn ’t I get fo u r weeks' holiday a year and
very good either. free health care.
The benefits are OK - They don't listen to you.
The pay’s not grcot and I’m looking for a new job.
It's a te rrib le place to w o rk Everyone’s easy to w o rk w ith,
There’s a nice atm osphere. sometim es I’m here from 7 to 3,
sometim es from 10 to 6.
a You can use to say when som ething started (Monday, last month, 2008).
b You can u s e _____ w ith a period of tim e (a week, three m onths, five years).
SPEAKING 3 Talk in groups. What can you re m e m b e r about each other fro m 2? Ask questions to
find out more.
fou've been a teacher
fo r five years, right?
21
Target activity
2 .3 goals
Haue an interview . ta lk about personal experience
v ta lk about your studies
Let F in dajob help you find your dream job. Simply give us your CV and come in ® ta lk about your w o rk /*«
for an interview and we'll find the best job for someone with your skills and
interests. You'll get experience with some of the word's best organisations and have
the freedom to work how you want to. We can find you a job with a permanent or
temporary contract and you can work full-time or part-time - the choice is yours!
Ö experience in sales
[7] qualifications in catering
□ strengths and weaknesses
□ la n g u a g e s
□ com puter skills
□ driving licence
3 a Can you rem em ber if these sentences are tru e o r false? Lauren:
Lauren Go'don has left CSP 1 brings her CV w ith h e r true
and is looking for a new job. 2 only wants to w o rk in catering.
She has ar interview at the 3 has her Food Safety certificate w ith her.
Finoajob agency.
4 speaks some French and Spanish.
5 left CSP because she w a sn 't happy there.
6 says she has no weaknesses.
b In te rvie w your partner. Then change rotes and do the interview again.
6 Were you happy w ith your interview ? Why / Why not? Talk together.
22
EXPLORE
Keyword for
1 a Look at th e h ighlighted expressions in 2 a W hich sentence ta lk s about a tim e period:
sentences 1 -4 fro m th is unit. Match them a in the past? b in the future? c up to now?
w ith e x p la n a tio n s a - d .
1 I've been in sales for a year.
1 I ' v e o n ly worked h e r e f o r a c o u p le o f m onths. 2 Next year. I’ m going to w o rk in B razil fo r the
2 S im p ly g iv e u s y o u r CV and come i n f o r am summ er.
in t e r v i e w . 3 When I was a student. I w ent to university in
3 You w orked f o r Ca£4 C o n c e rto l a s t summer. Paris fo r nine months.
4 I 'm s u r e w e ' l l h a v e so m eth in g f o r yon.
b W rite three sentences Ik e 1 -3 about you.
a You can use for to give a reason, to answer Why? Then liste n to each o th e r’s sentences and ask
b You can use fo r w ith a tim e period, questions to find out more.
c You can use fo r to say who receives something,
d You use for afte r some verbs (ask. look, wait, 3 Put th e w ords in o rd e r to m ake questions.
work, etc.). Then ask and answ er them in groups.
b Now match m ore exam ples fro m th e box w ith a -d . 1 make / your friends / Do you ever / fo r / things / ?
Do you ever make things fo r yo u r friends?
1 I 'm lo o k in g f o r a new jo b . unit 2
2 Come f o r a n i g h t , a day. o r f o r t h e whole
2 your m obile phone / taking photos / fo r / use /
t h r e e d a y s , unit 1 Do you ever / ?
3 Do you u se y o u r b i k e f o r g e t t i n g arou nd , 3 organised / someone / Have you ever / a party /
g e t t i n g t o work ... ? »»it 1 fo r /?
4 L a s t y e a r I w ro te a book f o r c h i l d r e n , oait 1
4 How often / you / for / do / buy ticke ts / or
5 I n eed E n g l i s h f o r my w ork, intro unit
o ther events / concerts / ?
5 for / What w ebsites / you / your w o rk / do / use
/ or studies / ?
6 someone / the last tim e / fo r / a present /
bought / you / When was / ?
Independent learning
Collocations are words th a t often go together. Cross out the
v/ord th a t doesn’t u sually go w ith the highlighted words.
1 d o /m a k e r /p a s s /fa il an exam
2 a p a rt-tim e / w e ll-p a id / happy / d ifficu lt job
3 a lunch / breakfast / coffee / cigarette break
W ork in th re e groups. Complete the collocations w ith w o rd s fro m the postings on p20.
Then show them to the o th e r groups.
IM t 2
S tudies dauern^ ru n n m g
We Lvu/e flexible worhtyg hours,
go U? (infrersity
pa.;s cm encun torario d e trabajo es flexible 3 °) f o r ^ walk
fa d an exam, 1 get free health care. h\Otr\t
write a thesis a.5isterc>& szrvtarid. gra.t<Arta. /o u n i w r s i f j
1 ask someone to slow down? (x1) c la re Hello, CSP, Claie speaking. How can I help you?
2 ask someone to say som ething again0 (x3) yusuf Oh hello, my name's Yusuf Karim. I’m from the
3 ask someone to spell som ething? (x l! job agency, Findajob. Could I speak to Lisa Moore,
4 show you understand? (x3) please?
c la re Certainly. Can I ask you the reason for the call?
b %C E > Listen to check. Q
yusuf Of course. I’m calling about an ex-CSP employee,
Lauren Gordon. Lisa Moore was her manager.
3 a Put the w ords in o rd e r to m ake sentences or
c la re Thank you. Let me just see if Lisa’s available.
questions about taking messages.
Hello? I'm afraid she's in a meeting Can I take a
1 take you Would me message to like a ? message?
2 name again What your was please ? yusuf I'm sorry, this line’s not very good. Could you say
3 w ould like to te ll you What me her ? that again, please?
4 mpssagp givp hpr I'll the c la re Yes, of course. I’m sorry. Would you like me to take
5 ask you her to I’ll c o n ta c t. a message?
yusuf Yes. please.
b Read the conversation to check.
c la re Er, what w as your name again, please?
U a Cover the conversation. R ole-play a s irrila r yusuf Yes. it’s Yusuf Karim.
conversation in A /B pairs. c la r e Could you spell thai for me?
yusuf Yes, it’s Yusuf with a Y. Y-U-S-U-F, and Karim is
A, you’re Clare from CSP. K-A-R-I-M.
B, you're Yusuf Karim from Findajob (telephone c la r e OK. And what's your telephone number?
0412 556 207, em ail y.karim fäfindajob.ccm.au). yusuf I'll give you my mobi.e number. It’s 0412 556 207.
Try to use the highlighted expressions in 2 and 3. c la r e Sorry, can you speak more slowly, please?
yusuf Yes, it's 0412 556 207
b Change roles and practise again. c la r e Right. And has Lisa got your email address?
yusuf Er, no. It’s y.kanm@findajob.com.au.
5 a Make tw o new phone ca lls in A/B pairs. c la r e Sorry, y.karim® . . . 7
A , y o u w o r k f o r C S P . R e a d r o le c a r d 1 o n p i 26. yusuf Findajob-that’s one word dot com dot au.
B, you w o rk for Findajob. Read role card 2 on p i 29. c u re OK. so that’s ykariii0fexiajobiaxu.au. And what
S tart the call. would you like me to tell her?
yusuf Weil, I'd like to ask net 5c r - questions about Lauren
b Change roles. Gordon, what was she like as an employee and
B, you w o rk for CSP. Read role card 4 on p130. things. It would be great if she could phone me.
A. you w o rk fo r Findajob. Read role card 3 on p126. c la r e OK. I’ll give her the message and ask her to contact
S tart the call. you.
yusuf Thank you. That's helpful
c u re No problem. Goo i «
24
Look again O
Review Extension
GRAMMAR P resent p e rfe ct SPELLING AND SOUNDS W ords w ith -e r, -o r, -a r, -o u r
a Read the ‘Find someone w ho’ sentences below. U a ♦ Q D You say tho endings -e r, -o r, -a r, -o u r in the
W rite fo u r m ore lik e these fo r the people in same way, h i . Listen and repeat.
your class.
-e r -o r -a r -o u r
Find someone who: • • • •
• has had the same job fo r more than two years. lawyer visito r g ra m m a r neighbour
• has always liked the same music.
• has worked fo r more than three com paries. b Com plete these w ords with the c o rre ct endings.
P ractise saying them .
b Make questions fro m the sentences, then ask teacher. d ire ct_ _ danc__
them . Find out m ore details. act sug behavi__
Have you always liked the same music? C • < 5 D Spellcheck. Listen to ten m ore w ords and
w rite th e m down.
c Talk in groups. W hat did you find out about oth e r d Look at the s c rip t on p U 5 to check yo u r spelling.
people in th e claso?
NOTICE C ollocations
VOCABULARY W o rking conditions
a Com plete the highlighted collocations fro m the
a Use the expressions to com plete F le u r’s pcsting. radio in te rvie w s w ith P ierre and M argaret.
Is she happy in her job?
ask free got great have IT l e f t passed
flexible w orking hours pay free health care
1 I le ft school when I was eighteen. I
easy4e-wortrwiTfT benefits management
my exam s - ju s t! - and then I a job.
atmosphere
2 It’s a experience, com pletely different
from school.
3 I'm a lot o ld e r... so it’5 easier t o _____
P o s te d b y : F le u r 8 9
questions, talk to the teachers, things like that.
a b it b o rin g , b u t th e p e o p le a re
T h e jo b 's A We m eetings and ta lk s in m em bers’
1easy to w ork w ith a n d th e re 's a re a lly go od homes.
2________ in th e o ffic e . T h e 3________ a r e n 't b a d - I 5 I retired three years ego. I had a lot o f ______
g e t1 . b u t th e 5 is te r r ib le ! I h a v e n 't tim e, and nothing to do.
ha d a ris e s in c e I s ta r te d . W e d o n 't h a v e 6_______
6 Last w eek I signed up for a n s k ills
- w e s ta r t a t e ig h t in th e m o rn in g a n d o fte n w o rk
course.
la te . B u t th e 7 is q u ite g o o d . M y boss is
g re a t and te lls m e c o n d itio n s w ill g e t b e tte r if I b Look at s c rip t 1.11 on p144 to check.
s ta y h e re long er.
c Choose three collocations and w rite questions
w ith them .
b W rite a posting like F le u r’s about yo u r job or the Do you have a lo t o f meetings where you work?
joo of someone you know.
d Ask and answ er your questions.
1 Can you play the guitar? • For Wordcards, reference and saving your work e* Portfolio
Can you play football ? • For more practice >» Self-study Pack, Unit 2
25
3.1 goals
3 give opinions
ta lk about food and eating
VOCABULARY Look at the pictures. In groups, ask and answ er the questions.
Giving opinions 1 How often do you shop at places like these?
2 In your home, who does the food shopping?
Read three people's opinions about superm arkets. Do they like o r dislike them ? Why?
I think small shops are better. The owners are usually friendly
and you can ask them aJbout things. I find supermarkets Quite
stressful. They’re always crowded and noisy. If you ask me,
they’re only interested in making money, not in their customers.
Jenny, N ew Zealand
Well, supermarkets are cheap and
convenient but I prefer convenience
stores. They’re fast and modem and sell I go to the market near my flat every day to buy food - things
interesting things Also, supermarkets like meat., fish and vpgetahlps Tnever buy things like that in
bring a lot of their stuff here by plane the supermarket. I don’t think their food is fresh. But I guess
and that’s bad for the environment. they're good for cleaning products, pet food and so on.
They should sell more local food.
Luz, Spain
Akio, Japan
Match the beginnings and endings of the opinions. Then look at 2 to check.
SPEAKING a T hink about places w here people buy food in your country. W hat are th e ir
good and oad points?
I th in k superm arkets b Listen to each o th e r's opinions in groups. Say if you agree o r disagree and
are only good fo r give reasons.
people w ith cars.
Yes, \ agree. 1 W ell, \ don’t agree. \ think
26
Food and you
READING 1 Look at the pictures. W hich kinds of food do you p re fe r to buy? Why?
a are about superm arkets now? c compare shopping in the past and present?
b are about shopping in the past?
In defence of supermarkets
1 1 like supermarkets. I can buy a week’s shopping in ninety minutes,
giving me time to help my daughter with her homework, or read a
good book in the bath.
2 Supermarkets sell an amazing choice of fresh and frozen food. If I
want to spend hours cooking a three-course dinner for friends, I can
find all the ingredients I need at my local supermarket. If I choose an
Italian meal, there are porcini mushrooms, fresh basil and mozzarella
cheese. If I want some other cuisine - Indian, Chinese or French -
herbs, spices, sauces and vegetables from every continent are only a
few minutes away.
3 On the other hand, when I’m tired and just want to put together a
quick family meal, I can buy a ready-made lasagne or curry, a bag of
salad and some fresh fruit - and start eating it ten minutes after I get
home.
* Thanks to supermarkets, I can now shop all day from early morning
to late at night. In some stores I can even shop 24 hours.
5 When I was a child, my mother didn’t have these choices, as she
went to three or four depressing little shops every day to buy what she
needed. These shops opened from 9 am to 5 pm Monday to Saturday,
and they all closed or Thursday afternoons.
4 The food was not always good, there was almost no choice and the shopkeepers were not
very friendly. And at that time, food was very expensive. Cream or strawberries was a luxury,
and roast chicken was for special occasions only.
7 Not many people would say that shopping in their local supermarket on a crowded Saturday
morning makes them happy. But it’s much, much better than what we had before.
Read the a rtic le again. Find fo u r reasons why Judi lik e s su p e rm a rke ts and fo u r
problem s w ith shopping in the past.
Judi describes su p e rm a rke ts in the UK. W hich th in g s are true about s u p e rm a rke ts
in your country? Which th in g s are d ifferent?
VOCABULARY 5 Add vow els to make food w ords fro m the a rtic le . Then look at the a rtic le to check.
Food and m eals Look on P131 t0 check any w o rd s you don't know.
1 bsl basil 4 vgtbls 7 strw b rrs 10 Isgn 13 m shrm s
2 chs 5 c rry 8 hrbs 11 sld 14 crm
3 spcs 6 frt 9 scs 12 c.Tckn
6 Match the examples from the box w ith a-d . Think of two more examples each fo r a-d.
SPEAKING In groups, ask and answ er the questions. Find out m ore inform ation.
1 Do you have a favourite kind of food, dish, o r m eal of the day?
I never eat mushrooms. 2 What dishes can you, or people you know, cook? What ingredients do you use a lot?
3 Where you live, are there any good places to buy food from o th e r countries?
Why not? I love them !
27
3 .2 goals
Eating out >ta lk about food and eating
ord e r a m e a l in a restaurant
a Read the info rm a tio n fro m a guide to eating out in M elbourne, A ustralia.
W hich restaurant:
3 • Q D Listen :o Bryan and Lynn ta lkin g about the restaurants. W hich one do they
choose? Why?
U Read th e restaurant menu. W hich dishes w ould you like to try? Look on p i 31 to
check any words you d o n 't know.
STARTERS
Soup of the day
Pear, apple and cheese salad (V)
Warm olives with oil and bread <V)
MAIN COURSES
Home-made pasta in a tom ato end olive sauce <v)
Grilled salmon with potatoes end green salad
Steak in a mushroom sauce with roasted potatoes
Fried rice with mushrooms <v)
Prawns and green vegetables with a fresh cucum ber salad
DESSERTS
Warm chocolate cake - with chocolate or vanilla ice cream <V)
Cheese plate with toast (V>
Fresh fruit salad with cream (V)
(v) - suntatxs for v eg etarians
5 • Listen to Lynn and Bryan o rd ering th e ir m eals. Tick ( / ) the th in g s they order.
6 a Put the lin e s of the restaurant conversation in o rder, 1—12
Ordering a m eal
b • I E ) Listen a g a n to check.
PRONUNCIATION a • J E D W ords o r syllables w ith o u t stress often have a schwa h i sound. Listen and
Schwa h i sound say the sentence.
3 • 9 4 9 • 9
Describing a meal
GRAMMAR
1 Look at sentences 1 and 2. Then(circj^ithe nouns and underline the p repositional
Nouns w ith phrases in 3-6.
prepositional
phrases 1 ({S u ftof the dav
2 Warm chocolate<gak^)with ice cream
3 Fresh fru it salad w ith ice cream
4 Pasta in a tom ato and olive sauce
5 W arm olives w ith oil and bread
6 Steak in a mushroom sauce w ith roasted potatoes
TASK LISTENING 1 * J E D Four people are planning a barbecue, b u t some of th e ir frie n d s are
vegetarian. What do they decide to do? Listen and choose fro m 1-4.
1 cook meat and vegetables together
2 cook only meat but make some salads too
3 cook meat and vegetables on different g rills
4 cook only vegetables
t Listen :o the second pa rt of the conversation. Tick ( / ) the th in g s they need
fo r the salad.
a You're going to plan a m eal fo r your group. W ork alone and th in k about these
questions.
1 Should you eat inside o r outside? Could the m eal be in o r near yo u r home?
2 What kinC of food should you make? How many courses? What about drinks?
3 Who should make the food? How can you help?
b Now th in k about how to:
Read th e other groups' lis ts . W hich m eals do voc th in k so*. “ : th e nicest o r the
m ost interesting?
30
Keyword
1 a Match 1-3 w ith a -c to m ake three sentences.
1 I've never been very good a w ith lots of vegetarian dishes, nut j
2 I w o rk b w ith the sales team, vnu 2
3 It has a good m enu c w ith com puters, unit 2
I'm (not very] good w ith ... I w o rk w ith ... I have a m eeting w ith ... I’ve got a problem w ith ...
I'm bored w ith ... I'm Inot very] happy w ith ... I som etim es stay w ith ... My day u s ja lly sta rts w ith ...
\___________________
Well, at the m om ent I've n u .... ... ^
OK. What s w^ong w ith it?
got a problem w ith my car. -------------------------r --------
Across cultures
1 Listen to Matt and C arlos ta lkin g about m ealtim es.
Who ta lk s about these things?
1 What tim e do you usually have meals? Are m eals quick o r do they take a long time?
2 Do you eat at the same tim e as other people? Do you eat in th e same room?
3 Do you say o r do anything before you begin a meal?
4 W hat do you do w hile you're eating? (talk? w atch TV? smoke? som ething else?)
5 If you talk, w hat do you usually ta lk about?
6 Where you live, do you th in k food and rre a ltim e s are a very im portant part of:
a fam ily life? b social life? c w o rk or business life?
31
Writing
1 a Look at the pictures of tw o snacks a rd item s A-H.
W hich ite m s do you th in k you need for bruschetta
and w hich fo r spiced nuts?
chop cut pour shake serve stir 1 Which snack do you think is the easiest to make?
2 Would you like to try these snacks?
You can look up th e w ords on p i 31. Why? / Why not?
b In pairs, take tu rn s to m im e and guess the verbs a Think of a snack or some o th e r quick dish th a t
fo r preparing. you know how to make.
bake boil fry g rill roast toast Look at each o th e r’s recipes. Ask and answ er the
Look on p 131 to check any w ords y o i d o n 't know. questions.
1 Would you like to try them ?
I som etim es bake cakes.
2 Can you understand a ll the instructions?
I never bake bread!
Look again O
Review Extension
VOCABULARY Opinions SPELLING AND SOUNDS o/, oy
1 a Put th e w ords in o rd e r to make sentences. L a • HED You say oi and oy in th e sam e way: /^ i/ .
Listen, then say the words.
1 are better than fresh ones frozen vegetaoles
I th in k . enjoy em ployee noisy boil
2 seven days a w eek should open shops I don't
thin k .
b Com plete the ru le s w ith oi o r oy.
3 should buy everyone If you ask me, local food . 1 We usually w r ite _____ before a consonant.
4 expensive restaurants I find quite s tre s s fu l. 2 We usually w r it e before a vowel o r at
5 ready-m ade meals very good fo r you I don't the end of a word.
thin k are .
c » J D S pellcheck. Listen to e ig h t w ords and w rite
b Talk about th e opinions. Do you agree w ith them? them down.
d Look at the scrip t on p146 to check yo u r spelling.
VOCABULARY O rdering a m eal
2 a As a class m ake a cafe menu. Suggest your NOTICE Making sentences s tre n g e r / w e a ke r
favourite dishes. Include: 6 a Look at these sentences from Judi Bevan’s
starters main dishes desserts drinks a rtic le , In Defence o f Superm arkets. Decide w here
th e m issing w ords go in each sentence. Then look
Then th in k about w hat you'd like to order.
back at th e a rtic le on p27 to check.
b Work in groups of three: one w aiter, tw o customers. 1 I can find 1 the ingred ents 1need at
Order a meal. Take tu rn s to be the waiter. my local superm arket. a ll
2 ... vegetables from every continent
f Hi are you ready to order?___________________ are a few m inutes away. only
3 In some stores 1can snop 24 hours. even
Yes, I'd like the bruschetta, please ^ ]
4 The food was not gooc ... always
5 ... there was no choice, alm ost
CAN YOU REMEMBER? U nit 2 - Studying, W orking 6 ... and the shopkeepers were not
conditions friendly. very
7 And at that tim e, food was expensive. very
3 a Work in tw o team s, A and B.
8 But it's m uch better than w hat we
A, how many expressions about studying can you had before. much
rem ember?
b Cover the h ig h lig h te d words. Can you re m e m be r
Make a list: IT skills, do a d egree...
th e com plete sentences 1-8?
B, now many expressions about w orking
conditions can you rem em ber?
Make a list: pay, w orking h o u rs ...
[T h at's rig h t. How do you sp e ll it? give and understand w ritte n instructions
33
4.1 goals
use a taxi
Encounters
Taxi!
VOCABULARY 1 Askt ana
and ansv/er the
me questions together.
logeiner.
1 How often do you use taxis in your ov own city? What do you use lUem for?
0
2 W hai ^about
What k/M11 when
lAikrtn w/Mi ’ rn travelling?
you’re I innO
3 When was your last trip by taxi? Where did you go?
a .
0 I « r * a>’ °
*2 0 -0 0
1 When was the last tim e you phoned fo r a taxi or got a taxi at a taxi rank?
2 How much is the m in im u m fare fo r a taxi in your city?
3 W hat’s the m axim um num ber of passengers a taxi can usually take?
4 Do taxis in your city always use a m eter? W hat about in oth e r cities you know?
5 Do you usually ask the d rive r to keep the change?
6 Do you ever ask for a receipt at the end of a journey?
b * Ü D Listen to check. Q
34
itoo journeys
1LISTENING • i E D Listen to Tcny’s conversations w ith tw o passengers, firs t Nicola and then Dan.
Do you ever chat w ith people you m eet in these situ a tio n s 0 W hat do you ta lk about?
in a taxi on a p la n e /b u s /tr a in w aiting fo r a bus shar ng a table in a cafe
VOCABULARY a Match w hat the passengers say 1-8 w ith the d riv e r's re plies a -h .
Getting a taxi The s ta rt of a journey
1 How m uch is it to the city centre? a The Park h n on Broadway, right?
2 Can you take Tie to the Park Inn? b I’ll do that for you.
3 I’d like to go to the a irp o rt, please. c ft’s usually about thirty, th irty -f ive
U Can I put my case in the back? dollars.
OK. Which term inal?
c * CE> Listen and 'ead the scrip t on p146 to check. Q Pract se saying the sentences.
SPEAKING 6 a You’ re going to take a taxi. W ork alone and th in k about these quest/ons.
1 W here are you?
How much is it 2 Where do you w ant to go?
to Broad Street? 3 W hat's the reason fo r your journey?
U sually about U W hat w ill you chat about with the driver? (the w eather, the tra ffic, your jo b ...)
six dollars. b Take tu rn s to be the passenger and taxi driver. Have conversations w ith three parts:
the sta rt of your journey —» a short chat —» the end of your journey
OK. Can you take me to
the OSP building, please?
c Change pairs and have tw o m ore conversations.
^ ------------------------------------------
35
V Hack
4 .2 goals
describe past events
te ll a story
I
cab licence.” She started a blog about lier
experiences as a taxi driver, newyorkhack.
biogspot.com, which quickly became popular.
She's also written a book called Hack. In New
York, hack is slang for taxi, or taxi driver.
READING Read the inform ation about M elissa Plaut, a New Ycrk taxi driver.
a You’re going to read a tru e sto ry fro m M elissa's blog. Look at these w ords and
expressions fro m th e sto ry and guess w hat happened.
w w w .n e w y o rk h a c k .b io g 5 p o t.c o m VC*.
During rush hour, a Canadian man and his teenage son g o t in th e cab a rd asked m e to take
them to La Guardia a irp o rt. They were going back to Canada. We had a nice conversation
to g e th e r and when they got out, th e y gave me a good tip .
Now, I liked th e Canadian guy, so I found th e 800 n u m b e r on the back of th e c re d it card and
phoned th e company. I explained w h a t happened and gave them m y number. A fte r ab o u t
h a lf an hour, th e Canadian guy called and asked me to go back to th e a irp o rt and re tu rn the
w allet. So I turn e d o ff m y cab light and I sta rte d fo r th e a irp o rt. Five o r six people trie d to
stop me as I was d rivin g through th e city, b u t I d id n 't stop. I was doing a good th in g !
Forty m inutes later, I arrived a t La Guardia. The guy was standing outside th e term inal
building and looking p re tty stressed. I gave back th e w allet and to ld him th a t I only did a
little shopping w ith his cre d it card! Just a jo ke . He was so happy, he ju s t laughed. "You're my
fa vo u rite New Yorker ever," he Seid. Then he handed me fifty dollars and ran back in to th e
airp o rt. The w hole th in g - plus the fifly dulldib! - le a lly m ade m y n ig lil.
H
Talk together.
36
Telling * story
VOCABULARY 1 a Cover the blog. Use th e w ords in the box to com plete th e sentences fro m the story.
Linking a story 1 _____ rush hour, a Canadian man and his teenage son got in the cab and ...
2 m y next passenger got in, he handed me a w a lle t and ...
A fte r as During 3 ______about half an hour, the Canadian guy called and ...
la te r Then When 4 Five or six people trie d to stop me _ I was driving through the city, b u t...
5 Forty m in u te s , I arrived at La Guardia. The guy was ...
6 "You're my favourite New Yorker ever," he said. he handed me fifty
d o lla rs a n d ...
GRAMMAR 3 a Look at the beginning of M elissa’s story. Then choose a o r b. past sjm p^e
Past progressive
... a Canadian man and his teenage son g o t in th e cab and asked m e to
ta ke th e m to La Guardia a irp o rt. They were going back to Canada.
b♦C O Listen to check. Q Do we say was and w ere w ith a schwa f a ! in:
TASK LISTENING 1 a The people in the pictu re s have ju s t m et each other. Where are they? Do you th in k
th e y're havirg a good tim e together?
2 a W hich sentence in each p a ir is about Osman and Bernd? W hich is about Annie and
Lukas?
b Look at 1-10 again. Think of more ways to com plete each sentence.
4 a T hink of a tin e in your life when you m et someone interesting. Think about
these questions.
Independent learning
a * 1 E > Listen to three people ta lk in g about how they learn languages outside
the classroom . Which th in g s A -E does each person ta lk about?
i I E > How do they use th e things in the pictures? Listen again and m ake notes.
Can you th in k of m ore ways of learning English outside the classroom ? Make a
list of you r ideas. Think about liste n in g , speaking, reading and w ritin g .
1 do you do now? 2 do you like / not like? 3 w ould you like to try?
Speaking Goals
show interest in a conversation
„ develop a 'IQCwersatUm by asking questions and
giving longer answers
B A nsw er the question. Give some extra inform ation. f Yes. Actually, I play fo r a team at w o rk ^ ]
A Listen carefully to what your partner says. Ask another question. ( So where do you play?
1 a Put the w ords in 1-8 in th e co rre ct order. L a * d ) gh is usually silent. Listen, then say the
words.
1 is centre much it city How the to ?
2 you Can the take Park Inn to me ? rig h t night frightening eight neighbours
3 like to station to the please I’d go . bought through straight
suitcases the I my put in Can back ?
b • J E ) Ina few w ords, gh is pronounced / f / or /g /.
five Could fo r m inutes here you w ait ?
Listen, then say th e words.
it much is How ?
Just th irty it make d o lla rs . /f/ enough laugh
Can a have receipt I please ? /g / yoghurt spaghetti
b In pairs, take tu rn s to say 1-8 and th in k of answers. C * C D S pellcheck. Close yo u r book. Listen to ten
w ords w ith gh and w rite th e m down.
GRAMMAR The past progressive d Look at the s c rip t on p147 to check yo u r sp elling.
2 a Choose a tim e fro m yesterday. Make sure you a ll
choose a d iffe re n t tim e. NOTICE fin d
b Find out w h a t d iffe re n t people w ere doing at the 5 a Look at the sentences from th is unit. Which
tim e you chose. Make notes. highlighted expression describes a feeling o r an
opinion? W hich describe an action?
^What were you doing at 9.30 in the evening?
1 ... when my next passenger got in, he handed
js
Hm ... I th in k I was having a shower. me a w a lle t and said he found it on the back
seat.
c Choose one of th e people in yo u r class. 2 I liked the Canadian guy, so I found the
Make sure you a ll choose a d iffe re n t person. num ber on the back of the credit card and
d Find out fro m the others w h a t your person did phoned the company.
yesterday. Make notes. 3 When I was learning French ... I liked reading
ch ild re n ’s books. I found it very use fu l
What can you te ll me about Jakub? because the sentences are very sim ple.
«T)
Well, at 9.30 pm he was having a shower. b Ask and answ er the questions in groups.
1 Have you ever found som ething on the street,
e In groups, te ll each o th e r w hat yo u r people did in a taxi, etc.? What was it? What did you do?
yesterday. Who had th e m ost in te re stin g day? 2 What was the last thing you lost? Did you ever
find it?
In the m orning, Jakub drove to w ork. 3 W hat situations o r things do you find:
He had a m eeting and ... stressful? boring? fascinating? te rrifying?
funny? inconvenient?
CUSTOMER Can we have a bottle9 water, please? Q develop a conversation by asking questions
and giving longer answers
WAITER Of course 10______ or still?
CUSTOMER Still, please. • For Wordcards, reference and saving your work » e-Portfolio
WAITER OK, thanks very much. • For more practice » Self-study Pack, Unit 4
Money
Money matters
VOCABULARY 1 a Read the questions. Match th e h ighlighted w ords and expressions w ith th e th ing s in
Money pictu re s A-F.
1 How many d ifferent coins and notes are there in your country? What pictures do
they have on them ?
2 How often do you use a cash machine or go into a bank? What do you do at each place ]
3 When yot go shopping, how do you prefer to pay? (in cash7 by card? another way?)
4 How do you usually pay b ills? Do you ever use the Internet fo r paying bills,
banking or shopping?
Listen to check. Q
•d Thiago’s flyin g fro m France to Scotland. Before his flig h t, he changes some
m oney in the a irp o rt. Listen to Thiago's conversation.
a Match the questions and answ ers. Which questions does Thiago ask? W hich does
th e assistant ask?
SPEAKING a How many d iffe re n t currencies can you th in k of? euros, pounds...
u
2 Find worcs or expressions in screens A-E that mean:
a choose b question c how much
42
w iB llÄ H M /d L l
11rsceipi no 1tre u * 1
Please take your cash and receipt
[D ftlO fX » enq uiry b a la n c e enquiry 1
itu-eip». ___ no j
|P W ch a n g e PIN r+vVirK 1
____ n o f a x 'C ir I
faease enter
Ptease takeytmr card
tu-A Identification Number
ENTER
ce?
LISTENING Listen to three conversations w ith
pi
Thiago in Glasgow. In each conversation:
a Where is he?
1 a bus station 3 a shop
2 a museum U a restaurant
b Does he pay in cash o r by card?
2 Listen again and com plete the in fo rm a tio n.
b Think of ways to answ er a ll the questions. Then compare yo u r ideas w ith the s crip t
on p147.
PRONUNCIATION *D Listen to questions 1-9. Notice how consonant and vow el sounds Jink M .
Linking Does a consonant o r a vow el come:
consonants and 1 at the end o; the firs t word? 2 at the sta rt of the next word?
vowels 1
In pairs, practise asking the questions and giving different answ ers. ©
-
SPEAKING a W ork in A /B pai-s.
A, look at your role cards on p123.
Hello, can I help you? B, look at your role cards on p i 29.
Yes, do you have ... b Have two conversations.
43
5 .2 goal
Microcredii ta lk about rules and obligations
READING Why do people borrow money fro m banks? Make a lis t of reasons.
1 I borrowed some money from the bank. -> I g o t / from the bank.
2 Now I pay money to the bank every month. - » I make _ every month.
3 Borrowing the money costs seven percent a year. I pay seven percent
a year.
A new kind of b a n k in g ?
♦ ,r< 1 9 7 6 . M u h a m m e d Vunus. a B angladeshi p ro fe s s o r o f
econ o m ics, s ta rte d G ram een Bank. G ra m e e n gives sm all
loans - usually no m o re th a n U S $ 1 0 0 - to v e ry p o o r people
w ho c a n 't g e t c re d it fro m n o rm a l banks. T his kind of c re d it is
called m ic ro c re d it.
♦ M o s t of G ra m e e n ’s c u s to m e rs live in villages in th e if f e
B angladeshi c o u n try s id e . 9 7 p e rc e n t of th e m a re w o m e n . They \
use th e c re d it to s t a r t sm a ll businesses and m ake m oney fo r J
th e ir fa m ilie s. F or exam ple, th e y m ake fu rn itu re , re p a ir c lo th e s, o r
buy an im a te lo r milk.
♦ C u s to m e rs usually have to m ake re p a y m e n ts every w e e k fo r tw e lve m o n th s.
They pay a b o u t 1 6 p e re a n t in le re b l a year. G ram een aaya th a t 9 8 p e rc e n t u f iLs
all th e ir re p a ym e n ts.
♦ People w ho w a n t a loan fro m G ram een have to m a te g ro u p s o f five people, called !o>an c ircle s
The people in th e c irc le m e e t re g u la rly to ta lk a b o u t th e ir ideas a n d help each other, if so m e o ne
in th e g ro u p d o e s n ’t m ake their- repsyn»entB. n o one in th e g ro u p ca n g e t c re d it in th e fu tu re .
However, if everyone m akes the«r re p a ym e nts, th e y c a n g e t b ig g e r loans
♦ In 2 0 0 7 , G ram een B ank had o v e r seven million c u s to m e rs in ^ a r t y eighty tn o u sa n d wtiafles. Tftty’e
a re now m o re th a fl seven th o u sa n d ocher m ic ro c re d it o rg a n isa tio n s Around vvnrld inducting «1
Europe and th e U nited S tates.
■+ Profe'sscir Vunus rand G ro m s e n B ank w on the- Nobel P eace P rize in D e c e m b e r 9 0 0 6
U Read the a rticle again. What are these num bers in the text?
"
b Try to find the answers to yo u r questions. S tudent A, read A lic e ’s story on this
page. S tudent B. read R ukm ani’s sto ry on p124.
o
^ h ttp://w w w .m icro cred itsum m it.ag/sto rles/a llce .htm
SPEAKING Tell each oth e r about A lice and Rukm ani. Whose sto ry do /ou find the most
interesting? Why?
1 Grameen’s custom ers have t o / d o n ’t 3 They can / can't usually get credit from
have to make groups of five people. norm al banks.
2 They have t o / d o n 't have to be U They can / can’t get bigger loans if
women. they make a ll th e ir repayments.
c Com plete the questions and s h o rt answ ers in th e table w ith can, can't, do, don't.
SPEAKING Compare your sentences in groups. Then ask and answ er the questions.
b You're going to te ll someone about the three th in g s. Think about the advice you
w a n t to give.
When you go to
a mosque, there You have t o ... You c a n 't... You should p ro b a b ly... Don’t ...
are a few rules. c Listen to each o th e r's ac/vice and ask questions to find out m ore. If you're from the
You have t o ... sam e country, do you agree?
V -------------------------
46
Keyword it
Three uses of it E xpressions w ith it
1 a Read the in fo rm a tio n and answ er the questions. 2 a Complete th e conversations w ith expressions
fro m the box. » d Then listen to check. Q
You can use it to talk about:
A things, places and ideas you've mentioned Don't w o rry about it I’ll think about it
already.
It depends itxlo e & n 't roaHf-m a tte r
The w a t e r 's q u i t e h o t so you s h o u l d n 't s t a y It's up to you T hat’s it
i n i t to o lo n g .
1 When can we meet? Tomorrow? Sunday?
a
B times and dates. b It doesn’t re a lly m atte r . I'm free a ll
I t was J u l y and 1 was lo o k in g fo rw a rd t o my weekend.
h o lid a y .
2 a I’m sorry I'm late! Where’s the meeting?
C the w eather and tem perature. b ______ . The meeting hasn't started yet.
r t was r e a l l y n i c e w e a th e r s o you c o u ld e a t 3 a Do you like parties?
i o u t s id e . b ________ . Generally yes, but not when there
a day.
When was it? What happened? Why was it important?
What was the weather like? How did you feel? b W ork in pairs. Take tu rn s to sta rt conversations
1 -6 and re m e m b e r the responses.
c Tell each o th e r about yo u r im p o rta n t days.
Ask questions to find out more.
...
Across cultures
Complete the statem ents w ith verbs fro m the box.
1 If you need a big loan, you s h o u ld from your fa m ily if you can.
2 If y o u money to a friend, you shouldn't ask fo r interest.
3 Parents s h o u ld som e money to th e ir children every week.
U Adults who live w ith th e ir parents s h o u ld rent.
5 You shouldn't ta lk about how m uch y o u .
6 You shouldn’t ask people how m uch th e ir h o m e ______.
7 If a man and a woman go to a cafe, the man should a lw a y s the b ill.
8 It you invite tne n d s to a restaurant, you should to r a ll the tood and drink.
Listen to Hayley and John. W hich statem ent, 1-8, do they ta lk about?
*d Listen again. Who agrees w ith the statem ent? Who disagrees w ith it?
Why?
Think about these questions. Then ask and answ er them together.
f i.ri
I CraK»
Chris,
Mf« Wdr*
Hello from sunny Glasgow! Is it still OK for me to stay
with you in Cairo for a few days? I’m arriving at Cairo
International next Thurs (19th) at 18.55 (flight KL0549).
O f c o u rs e i t ’s s till O K , n o p ro b le m . R e a lly lo o k in g
b Read the e m a ils again to check.
fo r w a rd to s e e in g y o u !
Com plete the senterces. Use the w ords in
I’m w o r k in g w h e n y o u a r riv e , s o I c a n ’t m e e t y o u a t th e (brackets) and d ifferent expressions fro m 3a.
a irp o rt, s o rry . Y ou’ll h a v e to fin d y o u r w a y to m / fla t.
Take a ta x i b u t re m e m b e r to a g re e o n a p ric e fir s t. It 1 There are lots of insects so ... (buy / insect spray)
s h o u ld b e a b o u t t h ir t y p o u n d s (E g y p tia n ). I th in k y o u ’v e 2 You can’t get into the country w ith o u t the right
g o t th e a d d re s s o f m y fla t, rig h t? I’ll be a t h o m e b y th e visa so ... (get / tourist visa)
tim e y o u a r riv e . The m useum s have discounts fo r students, so
... (bring / student card)
It’s p r e tty h o t h e re , s o m a k e s u re y o u b r in g p le n ty o f lig h t
The w eather here’s freezing, so ... (pack / w arm
c lo th e s . You’ll n e e d t o c o v e r y o u r a rm s a n d le g s in s o m e
clothes)
p a rts o f th e c ity , so tro u s e rs a n d lo n g -s le e v e d s h irts are
It's a really long train journey, so ... (bring /
g o o d . A ls o , y e s , i t ’s a g o o d id e a to c h a n g e s o m e m o n e y
good book)
b e fo re y o u c o m e . Y ou’re a r r iv in g T h u rs d a y e v e n in g a n d it
can be d if f ic u lt t o c h a n g e m o n e y o n F rid a y s here. A b o u t a a Plan an em ail o r le tte r to a frie n d w ho's going to
h u n d re d E g y p tia n p o u n d s s h o u ld d o it. v is it you.
A n o th e r th in g Is, d o n ’t fo r g e t t o b r in g a g u id e b c o k ! I’ve Which topics do you want to ta lk about? Use
o n ly h p p n h e re a c o u p le o f m o n th s a n d d o n ’t k n o w th e this libl and yuui own idedb.
c ity v e r y w e ll y e t, s o I’m h o p in g w e c a n e x p lo re th e c ity the w eather clothes money tra n sp ort
to g e th e r.
where to meet ohone num bers
T h a t’s e v e r y th in g , I th in k . I f y o u h a v e a n y p ro b le m s , 2 W hat do you want to say about each topic?
g iv e m e a c a ll o n m y m o b ile ( + 2 0 1 2 5 3 0 95 4 9 ). See y o u 3 How many paragraphs w ill you w rite?
a t m y p la c e o n T h u rs d a y n ig h t! 4 W hat w ill you say in each paragraph?
C h ris 5 How w ill you star, and finish your em ail or letter?
Review Extension
GRAMMAR can, have to SPELLING AND SOUNDS -(/on, -ss/on, -cian
In pairs, decide on th e ru le s fo r a lib ra ry. a * u f You say the endings -tion, -ssion, -cian in the
Complete th e sentences w ith : can, can’t, have to same way, /Jan/. Listen and say the words. Notice
o r don't have to. how the stress always goes before the ending.
« § •
1 You pay to join the library. conversation expression musician
2 You _ __ borrow more than six books.
b P ractise saying these words w ith the correct
3 You _ __ keep books fo r up to three weeks.
sound and stress.
4 You pay a fine if you keep books too long.
5 Y ou__ _ borrow dictionaries. politician station discussion reception
6 You__ keep quiet in the library. electrician pronunciation
b Work alone. Think of th e ru le s and advice fo r tw o c * E D Spellcheck. Close your books. Listen to ten
places. Use can, can’t, have to o r d o n 't have to. w o rd s and w rite them down.
c In groups, liste n to th e ru le s and advice. Can you d Look at the s c rip t on p148 to check yo u r spelling.
guess the places?
NOTICE Vague language
Usually you don’t have to buy a ticket.
You can bring your own food. You a W hat can you re m e m b e r about the Grameen
shouldn't leave any rubbish ... Is it a perk? bank? Com plete th e sentences w ith th e num bers.
^ --------------------------------------------
seven thousand seven m illion
VOCABULARY Giving advice 16 eighty thousand 100
a W ork in pairs. For each situation, th in k of advice 1 Grameen gives s m a ll loans - usually no m ore
fo r a frie n d . Use yo u r own ideas. than US$ .
2 They pay about __ percent interest a year.
1 I'm going on holiday to Paris but I don’t speak 3 In 2007, Grameen Bank had over
any French. custom ers in nearly villages.
2 My m anager w ants me to w o rk th is weekend 4 There are now m ore th a n oth e r
but frie n d s are coming to stay w ith me. m icrocredit organisations around the w orld.
3 I promised to meet a friend tonight but I feel
too tired now. b Look at the a rtic le on p44 to check.
4 I r e a lly w o n t t o s to p s m o k in g b u t I c a n 't . c « Q D Listen to eight questions and w rite down
b Listen to each o th e r's advice. Who has the best yo u r answ ers - but don't w rite them in order. Use
ideas? the expressions in 5a. No more than three.
49
6 ,1 goal
' ta lk about present habits
Energy
Burning calories
SPEAKING Talk to g e th e r
1 Who does the different chores in your home?
2 W hich chores do you like the most? Which don't /ou like? Why?
calo ries an h o u r
READING a Look at the photos showing tw o unusual ways to burn calories. What do you think
are the advantages of each way?
b Check your ideas in pairs. A. read the a rtic le about Manuel Pedro below. B, read
the a rtic le about Alex Gadsden on p124.
5ff
The treadmill
W hen M anuel Pedro's daughter looked at him one "A t first, I found it hard to type and w alk at the
morning and said "“W ow, you're fa t!", he knew il was same time. I got really stressed ond sometimes only
time to lose some weight. The trouble was, he didn't d id it once or twice a week. I also looked really
have time to d o any exercise. stupid in a shirt and tie on a treadmill. M y colleagues
"I work in an office all day and when I get home in thought it was really funny."
the evening, I generally just want to sit down and relax. However, soon Manuel got better at w orking while
At the weekend I normally do things with my kids, so I he walked, and started to feel healthier. After a w hile
t.l
|ust don't have time to go to the gym or go for a run." he was doing several hours' walking every morning.
However, one day, his w ife suggested buying a "I have a lot more energy now," says the office
treadmill and w alking on it w hile he worked. manager. "W hen I get to the office, I get straight on
"I thought she was crazy at first," he says. "But the freadmill and check my emails. I do three hours
then I thought, why not?" a day at the moment. Every week I do ten minutes'
So the forty-year-old bought a cheap .Veadmill and more w alking. I've lost a lot of weight. M y w ife can't
put it in the corner o f his office. He fixed his laptop to stop smiling."
it and began w alking and w orking at the same time.
a Read yo u r a rtic le again and answ er the questions about Manuel o r Alex.
I tend t o ...
VOCABULARY 1 a W hich sentences from the a rtic le s are about Manuel? Which are about Alex?
Talking about 1 Then I generally have breakfast and a shower.
habits 2 He n o rm a lly cycles fo r 25 m inutes to wash the clothes.
3 A fte r a w hile he was doing several hours' w alking every m orn in g .
4 Every w eek I do ten m inutes’ more w alking.
5 I got really stressed and som etim es only did it once or twice a week.
6 I do th re e hours a day at the m om ent.
7 I tend to get up at around s ix -th irty now and get s tra ig h t on the cycle washer.
8 The 29-year-old now starts each day w ith a 45-m inute cycle ride.
b W hich highlighted w ords o r expressions fro m 1-8:
rente weather
VOCABULARY 1 a Read the w eather fact file. Find th e h ig h lig h te d words in the pictures.
W hat's the m ost su rp ris in g fa ct fo r you?
Weather
52
I! isn't as cold a s...
GRAMMAR
1 a What are th e com paratives and su p e rla tive s of th e adjectives in th e table?
m paring
ngs One syllable Two syllables Two o r more Irre g u la r
ending in -y syllables
PRONUNCIATION U a When a w ord ends in -e r o r -est, the stress stays on the same syllable.
Words w ith -e r Say these words.
and -est hot -» h o tte r - » the hottest heavy -» he*avier —> the heaviest
b P ractise saying the com paratives and superlatives in 1a w ith the correct stress.
SPEAKING 5 a T hink about these th in g s in your co u n try o r a nother country you know. Make notes.
• clim ate and seasons • extreme w eather and storm s
-u b a i, the w ettest
• oceans o r seas • rivers and lakes • m ountains
—-n th s a re January
w : Feb'uary. w ettest - January and February
longest riv e r - the Nile
Actually, I th in k
it s ju st as wet b Compare your ideas in groups. If you’re fro m th e same country, do you agree?
in December.
k ^
Target activity
Do a survey ta lk about pre s e n t habits
m ake comparisons
S p o rts P lu s is p la n n in g to o p e n a
r e w fitn e s s c e n tre . T h e y 're d o in g a
s u rv e y o f lo c a l p e o p le ’s h a b its and
p re fe re n c e s .
TASK LISTENING Is th e re a fitness centre near w here you live? W hat can you do there? Do you ever
use it?
Cover the sentences and look at the things in th e box. Try to re m e m b e r w hat
Sally says.
a You decide it> open a new business. In groups, choose one of the fo llo w in g o r your
own idea.
• a fitness centre • a m usic shop • a cafe or restaurant • a m arket sta ll
b Before you open yo u r business, you w a n t to know about people's habits and
preferences. Design a questionnaire w ith six questions. Think about these things.
a Go back to your group and com pare yo u r re s u lts . What kind o f service w ou ld m ost
people like?
b Tell the class about yo u r decisions.
EXPLORE
Keyword do
Put th e highlighted collocations w ith do into three groups:
C In groups, read out your sentences. Ask questions to find out more.
Independent learning
Lock at the d ictio n ary e n try fo r routine. How do you say it?
b W o-k in pairs. How do you say these sounds? r o u tin e /ru: ti:n / noun th e things
lb ! HI /m l /0 / /s / / j/ /e / /i:/ hi M h :/ /o / th a t you do every day a t th e
same tim e : a daily ro u tin e
c Check w ith th e ch a rt on p159.
Listen to check.
Speaking Goal
speak more p o lite ly by being less direct
Review Extension
VOCABULARY W eather SPELLING AMD SOUNDS -able and -M e
1 a W ork in team s. Complete these w e a th e r words 4 a » G D T h ese two adjective endings sound the
w ith vowels. Who can fin is h firs t? same, /a b l/. Read and listen.
1 life / in the past / Do you th in k / than / is easier 5 a Match these w ords w ith a b tre v ia tio n s fro m the
now ? w e a th e r fact file on p52.
2 ifs be tte r fo r children / Do you think / o r / to
1 m illim e tre a km
play com puter games / to read ?
2 degrees (Celsiusi b °C
3 cheerful / Who's / person you know } the most ?
3 kilo m e tre s per hour c cm
4 te tte r kinds of / than in the past / Do people
4 centim etre d mm
have / e n tertainm ent ?
5 kilom etre e kg
5 for you / the best place / W hat’s / to relax 0
6 kilo (kilogram ) f kph
6 been to ( t he m ost exhausting event / What's /
you've ever ? b Can you re m e m b e r w hat these fig u re s are about?
Talk together, then read to check.
b Ask and answ er the questions. Give exam ples and
reasons. \ 38 cm 480 kph -89.2°C
2 18 km 1,825 mm 1 kg
CAN YOU REMEMBER? U nit 5 - Paying fo r th in g s 3 30,000°C
5?
7.1 goal
® make guesses and predictions
City life
Urbanisation
ii.
I 3 c www.viewpoint.cam/urbanworld - q-
1 life in cities w ill be very different from how it is They'll use local materials for building, and perhaps
today. Energy, especially oil, w ill be very expersive, traditional styles of architecture too.
so many people w ill probably work at home, or have
3 The thing I really worry about is that energy may
their workplaces close to where they live. There'll be
become too expensive for many people. In the end we
less traffic on the roads, and it'll be easier for people
might have two groups of people: a rich group which
to be close to their families. For these reasons cities
can afford energy and lives in clean, green areas, and a
won't have just one centre where everyone goes to work
bigger, poorer group which can't afford i t and has to live
and shop. Instead, we'U probably see cities with many
in the more polluted parts of the city. This might lead to
different centres.
serious political problems.
2 It w ill be difficult to provide enough water, gas and
* As we all know, cities near the sea w ill probably
electricity for really big cities, so these w ill prohahly
experience some extra problens. As temperatures around
stop growing. Many people from the countryside w ill
the world go up, sea levels will rise and many places w ill
move to smaller cities of 500,000 people or less.
have problems with flooding. Some cities w ill be OK,
Transport over long distances w ill be a lot more
some may even find that the change in the climate is
expensive than i t is new, so people w ill have to use food
good for them, but others w ill need help. We really need
ard energy from the countryside around their cities.
to start planning for this now.
Read the rest of the a rtic le . In w hich paragraph 1-4 does Professor Rhodes ta lk
about these topics?
I
b Cities near the sea d W orking and living in cities
58
Read th e a rtic le again. W hat reasons does Professor Rhodes give fo r these
predictions?
VOCABULARY Cover the a rtic le and use the w ords and expressions fro m the box to com plete the
The environm ent sentences. Then check in the a rtic le .
---------------------------- s --------------- s ----------------------------
clean, green clim ate flooding gas oil
• • • •
polluted sea levels tra ffic tra n sp o rt
1 Do you think the clim ate is changing around the world? What about where you live?
2 Which places in your country o r city:
• have the w orst traffic? • som etim es have problem s with flooding?
• have the m ost popular green areas? • are the m ost polluted?
• m ight have problems if sea levels go up?
Making predictions
GRAMMAR
Read sentences 1-5. Then com plete the g ra m m a r ta b le w ith th e h ighlighted w ords.
will, might, may
1 T h e re 'll be less tra ffic on the roads.
2 Cities w o n ’t have ju s t one centre.
3 Big cities w ill probably stop growing.
4 Energy may become too expensive.
5 This m ig h t create two groups of people.
W hat do you th in k th e w o rld w ill be like in 2050? Make sentences w ith th e words.
Now read the e ntries. W hich place w ould you m ost like to visit? Why?
n n n
wvAV.totaltourist.com/travelgiide/arnsterdam
e *
M e e t M em bers
Total
Tourisb
AM STERDAM TRAVEL GUIDE
Things to Do
K e u k e n h o f G ard en s
Updated by alexx on August 30, 2 01 0 1 Send to.a friend
T h is is a g re a t d a y o u t fo r a n yo n e w h o loves gardefrs. If yo u v is t at th e rig h t tim e , y o u ’ ll
see m o re th a n seven m illion flo w e rs! T h ey say rt's th e b ig g e s t flo w e r ga rden in th e w orld ,
b u t it still g e ts very c ro w d e d . W hen w e w ent, th e re sta u ra n ts were all fu ll a t lu n ch tim e , so if
y ou w a n t to eat here, you m ig h t have fo b o o k in ad vance. It’s a o o u t an h o u r fro m th e city.
Leove a comment | Phone: +31 25 226 5555 Website: http://www.Keutanhof.nl
A n n e F ra n k ’s house
Updated by m.eHis on December 2, 2009 | Send to a friend
T h is is th e houso w h e re tw o J e w is h fam ilie s, th e Franks a n d the V an Pels, h id d u rin g th e
S e c o n d W orld War, a n d w h e re 1 3 -ye a r-o ld A n n e Frank w ro te her fa m o u s diary. M y visit
w as a s ad b u t interesting exp e rie n ce . T ip : if y o u v is it in th e sum m er, yo u s h o u ld g o to th e
h o u se in th e esrty e ve ning. It’s o p e n un til 8 pm a n d th e q u e u e to g e t in is n o t s o long.
Leave a com men. | Phone: +31 20 556 7100 Website: I
GRAMMAR Com plete the sentences fro m the w ebsite w ith words fro m th e box.
Real conditionals
’U (x2) might should
SPEAKING 5 Listen to each o th e r's recom m endations. Which ones w o u ld you lik e to try?
If you’re from the same country, do you agree?
Getting directions
LISTENING 1 • € E ) Listen to Lizzy’s conversation in the to u ris t office and answer the questions.
1 Where does she want to go? 2 How far is it?
DOSimPQi
Stock Exchange
Church
Dam V
Royal « S q u a r e
Palace ■ ■ National
0 | Monument
Madame Nieuw
Tussaud's
Amsterdam
£' History
£ Museum
2 *O Find the to u ris t office on the map and then liste n again.
W here’s Anne Frank’s house: 1, 2 o r 3?
VOCABULARY 3 a Use the map to put the d ire ctio n s in o rder, 1-8.
Giving directions Ask How can I get to Anne Frank's house?
Start We're next to the m ain train station.
U G o a lo n g R a a d h u is s t r a a t f o r a b o u t fiv © h u n d r e d m e tr e s .
\2\ Go down the big street. It’s called Damrak.
QD Go out of here and tu rn left.
] Turn rig h t and go past the palace.
□ When you get to the canal called P rinsengracht, t i r n rig h t.
Ö If you co rtin u e along Damrak, y o u 'll come to the Dam.
O You’l l go past a big building on your left, the Beurs.
□ You’l l see the National M onum ent on your le ft and
the Royal Palace on yo u r rig h t.
b Check in the s c rip t on p149. Then cover 3a, look at the map and give d ire ctio n s to
Anne F rank’s house.
PRONUNCIATION U a Listen and notice how the consonant and vow el sounds lin k in th is sentence.
Linking G o o u t w o f h e r e ^ a n d tu i n le ft,
consonants and
vowels 2 b Mark the consonants and vow els th a t lin k in these directions.
SPEAKING 5 a W ork alone. Choose tw o places on the map. Think about h o w to give directions
fro m the to u ris t office.
A M STERD A M
M O E T IE H O R E N
AM STERDAM
MOEf ^QEN i .
X T J
Sergei is in Amsterdam on business, but has sorne free lime to see the city.
the Van Gogh Museum? the Keukenhof Gardens? Anne Frank’s house?
M 5K 2 a Can you re m e m b e r w hat Sergei says? Tick l / | the highlighted expressions he uses.
VOCABULARY
1 I’m looking fo r som ewhere to stay.
Getting to u ris t 2 Do you organise tours of the city?
inform ation 3 Have you got a map?
U Can you recom m end some things to see?
5 Do you have any in fo rm a tio n about a rt galleries?
6 Do you se ll tickets?
Student B, te ll S tudent A the name of a neighbourhood, town o r city you know w ell.
A, you’re visiting this place. Think of five questions to ask.
B, you w o rk n the to u ris t office. Decide where the to u rist office is, then th in k of five
th in g s to recommend and how to get there.
b Have a conversation in a to u ris t office.
Hello, I'm looking fo r ...
A, sta rt the conversation w ith one of your questions.
B, listen, make recom m endations and give directions.
Across cultures
Read statem ents 1-6. Find a highlighted expression w hich means:
a Read the web postings about home towns. Who w rite s about these things, Kel.y, Madu o r both of them ?
1 people 3 flow ers 5 the w eather
2 homes U popular activities 6 the c ity’s atmosphere
1Ten y e a rs a g o . Sher id a n h a d 1 5 ,5 0 0 p e o p le . N o w it ha s 1 6 ,0 0 0 . T h e g r o w th
h a s a ll b e e n o u ts id e th e c ity . T h e y ’ re b u i d in g a lo t o f h o m e s fo u r o r fiv e m ile s
o u t o f to w n .
2 S h e rid a n ’s a b o u t l ,2 0 0 m e tre s a b o v e sea le v e l. We g e t lo ts o f s n o w a n d th e re
a re g o o d s k i s lo p e s n e a r h e re . D riv e an h o u r w e s t a n d y o u ’ ll be in th e b e s t
c a m p in g a n d fis h in g areas.
3 S h e rid a n ha s s o m e o f th e b e s t s c h o o ls .n th e c o u n try . G re a t fo o tb a ll a n d s o c c e r
te a m s . We a ls o h a v e s tre e t d a n c e s a n d k id s ’ g r o u p s . T h e re ’s a lw a y s s o m e th in g
g o in g o n a ro u n d h e re .
if
' In N ig e ria , p e o p le o fte n ta lk a b o u t th e b e a u ty o f A b u ja . It w a s a n ic e s u rp ris e
w h e n I s te p p e d in to th is c it y f o r th e fir s t tim e . T h e c it y g a te has m a n y flo w e r s
p la n te d a r o u n d it. N e a rb y is th e v e r y m c d e rn N a tio n a l S ta d iu m a n d th e G am es
V illa g e , w h ic h w a s u s e d f o r th e A ll A fric a n G am es.
2 A b u ja is th e fe d e ra l c a p ita l c it y o f N ig e ria a n d a lo t o f th e c o u n tr y ’s o il m o n e y
ha s b e e n s p e n t o n it. T h e s tre e ts a n d b u ild in g s lo o k n e w , c le a n a n d b e a u tifu l.
3T h e re a re m o d e rn h o u s e s a n d lo ts o f tre e s a n d flo w e r s . A n ic e w in d b lo w s In
fro m th e S ahara D e s e rt. It's q u ie t a n d p e a c e fu l. A f t e r m y f ir s t v is it, I d e c id e d to
m a k e A b u ja m y h o m e .
3 a Add w ords and expressions fro m the postings to 5 a Plan a posting describing a place you know w e ll.
these groups.
1 Decide w hat tiin g s you w ant to ta lk about.
1 places and buildings s k i slopes,... 2 Organise the things into three or fo ur
2 groups of people football team s,... paragraphs.
3 events stre e t dances,... 3 Think of words and expressions to use in each
U the w eather, nature snow, ... paragraph.
b W hat w ords o r expressions could you use to ta lk Look at the language in 3 -4 and use yo u r own
about your city? Add m ore th in g s to each qroup. ideas.
4 a What adjectives do K elly and Madu use? Try to b Explain y o u r ideas to each other.
com plete th e list, then check in th e postings.
6 W rite yo u r posting.
good gr ni mo ne_____
cl be qu pe ___
7 Read each o th e r’s postings. Ask questions to find
b What adjectives could you use to talk about your out m ore inform ation.
city? Add them to th e list.
64
Look again O
Review Extension
GRAMMAR Real co n d ition a ls SPELLING AND SOUNDS ui, uy
Room 1 R e c e p tio n M a n a g e r's Drinks 5 a Complete the sentences from th is u n it w ith these
m a c h in e s nouns.
at work? doing chores? studying? relaxing? • For Wordcards, reference and saving your work >> e-Portfolio
• For more practice » Self-study Pack, Unit 7
65
8.1 goal
Things
Ponobello Market
LISTENING T Look at the photos of s ta lls in P o rtobello M arket, London. A sk and answ er the
questions together.
1 Do you like shopping in m arkets? Why? / Why not?
2 Do you usually ju s t pay the fu ll price at m arket stalls, o r do you bargain?
3 What do m arkets in your town sell? [food, antiques, second-hand clothes ...)
4 Are there any fam ous m arkets in your country? Have you ever visited them?
2 * € £ > Carolina is fro m Spain but lives and w o rk s in London. Listen to her shopping
in P ortobello M arket. W hat thing in each photo does she ask about?
Carolina lives in
London. 3 t E D Listen again. W hat does Carolina buy? How much does she pay?
VOCABULARY U a Com plete the highlighted expressions fro m C a ro lira ’s conversations w ith the
Buying things sta llh o ld e -s w ith verbs fro m the box.
give have (x2) is leave looking see take (x2) try w ant
G ra m m a r rc fc rc n c c b • fS D Listen to a conversation w ith possible answ ers. Are your answ ers the same?
an d p ra c tic e , p 1 3 8
c In pairs, change the u n d e rlin e d expressions and have more conversations.
SPEAKING 3 a W ork in A /B pairs. Choose the rug, a ntique o r ja cke t s ta ll in th e photos on p66.
Tell the class w hal you bought and how m uch you paid.
3 IfW v .
rs
+ http://www.mysteries.conVsar.htm
Mysteries.com
T h e V o y n ic h M a n u s c r ip t T h is s tra n g e b o o k w a s d is c o v e re d in 1 912 in F ra s c a li, n e a r R o m e ,
b y W ilfre d V o y n ic h , a n a n tiq u e b o o k c o lle c to r. It ’s smalJ, 25 b y 18 c m , b u t th ic k , w ith 2 3 5
p a g e s . T h e p a g e s a re illu s tra te d w ith s tra n g e c o lo u re d p ic tu re s o f d iffe re n t th in g s , in c lu d in g
u n k n o w n p la n ts a n d h e rb s . T h e b o o k u s e s a k in d o f w ritin g w h ic h n o o n e c a n u n d e rs ta n d .
S o m e p e o p le th in k it ’s w ritte n in an u n k n o w n , s e c re t la n g u a g e . O th e rs th in k th e w h o le
m a n u s c rip t m u s f b e a v e r y c o m p lc a te d (a n d e x p e n s iv e ) jo k e . N o o n e k n o w s fc r s u re w h e re it
c a m e fro m , b u t m a n y e x p e rts b e lie ve it w a s m a d e in E u ro p e , s o m e tim e b e tw e e n th e fifte e n th
a n d s e v e n te e n th c e n tu rie s .
T h e S a q q a ra B ir d T h is o b je c t, m a d e o f w o o d , w a s fo u n d in 1 8 9 8 in S a q q a ra , E g yp t. It’s a b o u t
1 8 c m a c ro s s a n d w e ig h s a b o u t 4 0 g . A t fir s t i t w a s th o u g h t to b e a m o d e l o f a b ird , m a d e
in a b o u t 2 0 0 B C , a n d it w a s p u t in a b o x in th e b a s e m e n t o f th e E g y p tia n M u s e u m in C a iro .
T h e n , in 1 9 6 9 , it w a s re d is c o v e re d b y D r K h a lil M e s s ih a . H e b e lie v e d th a t th e o o je c t lo o k e d
v e ry s im ila r to a m o d e rn a e ro p la n e - fo r e x a m p le , it h a s w in g s lik e a n a e ro p la n e , n o t a b ird .
T h e a n c ie n t E g y p tia n s o fte n m a d e s m a ll m o d e ls o f th in g s th e y p la n n e d t o b u ild , s o c o u ld th is
b e a m o d e l o f a s im p le a e ro p la n e th a t w a s b u ilt o v e r 2 0 0 0 y e a rs a g o ?
3 Which ideas about each object do you th in k are correct o r in co rre ct? Talk to g e th e r
68
1
c Choose some things in your classroom and w rite two o r three sentences about
each one.
SPEAKING 5 Listen to each other's sentences. It's blue w ith w hite letters.
Can you guess th e objects? It's about 20 by 12 cm.
A dictionary?
^ -----------------------------
b Why does the w rite r use th e passive? Is the w rite r m ore interested in the book o r
W ilfred Voynich?
2 a Com plete the sentences in the table w ith the co rre ct fo rm of be.
b Find and u n d e rlin e nine m ore exam ples of the passive in the text.
A, tu rn to p125 and complete the inform ation about the objec: in picture D.
B. tu rn to p i 29 and complete the inform ation about the objects in picture E.
G ra m m a r re fe re n c e Use the active o r passive. You can look up irre g u la r past p a rticip le s on p160,
an d p ra c tic c , p 1 3 8
Irre g u la r verbs.
Group A
Istanbul, 1929 anim al skin
Piri Reis, 1513 A frica Am erica
I A ntarctica? 1820? a bad drawing?
89
Target activity
8 .3 goals
Talk about a favourite describe objects
& ta lk about possessions
possession
I TASK LISTENING 1 1 ♦ £ £ > Listen to fo u r people ta lkin g about th e ir favourite possessions. Match the
1 ’
people and possessions.
b Tell each other about your favourite possessions. Ask questions to find out more.
70
Keyword by
1 Add the u n d e rlin e d expressions fro m previous un its to the co rre ct groups in the table.
Review Extension
VOCABULARY D escribing objects SPELLING AND SOUNDS ow
Feelings
Why do we do itP
o -P - - ©
2 a Can you guess how to com plete the sentences 1-5 w ith these num bers?
2 or 3 6 12 17 70 T50
READING 3 a Read the sentences, using the glossary to help you. Which do you th in k are true ?
Which are false?
breathe - to take a ir into
1 People who are deaf and blin d don't laugh.
and out of your body
2 People usually laugh because they see o r hear som ething funny.
deaf- n o t able to hear
3 People yawn when th e ir brains need m ore oxygen.
blino - not able to see
4 If you breathe through your nose, this w ill stop you from yawning.
hormones - chemicals
5 The human eye makes three different kinds of tears.
that make the body
6 When people cry, th e ir bodies make a lot of horm ones.
grow and change
oxygen - a gas in the b W ork in groups of three, A, B and C.
air, 02
A, read the article about laughing on this page and check sentences 1-2 in 3a.
tears - drops of w ater
B, read the article about yawning on p125 and check sentences 3 -4 in 3a.
from the eyes
I C, read the article about crying on p130 and check sentences 5 -6 in 3a.
74
c Talk together. Are sentences 1 -6 in 3a tru e o r false?
4 Read your a rtic le again. Choose two o r three m ore facts, then te ll yo u r group
about them .
5 Which ideas fro m the a rtic le s do you find m ost in te re stin g ? Do you have any
d iffe re n t ideas?
b « d ) Listen to Rachel and Jean-P aul’s conversation in each picture. Check your
ideas.
VOCABULARY a Add these expressions fro m the conversations to the co rre ct group.
Reacting to
.Cheers-. C ongratulations, f'm really sorry. (x2) Sorry.
news, thanking,
T h a t 's r o t g o o d . T h a t ’s v e r y k in d o f y o u . W e ll d o n e .
apologising
That's great! You I’m sorry to hear Thanks very I’d like to
did wel.. that. much. apologise.
76
PRONUNCIATION 6 a * < S ) Listen to the expressions in A and B. Notice how the speakers use intonation
Intonation - to express different em otions.
speaking w ith A Thanks very much. B I'd tike to apologise.
emotion That's great! I'm so rry to hear that.
b P ractise saying a ll the expressions fro m 4a.
SPEAKING 7 a In pairs, choose one of the pictu re s A -D , and role play Jean-Paul and R achels
conversation.
Whats happened?
GRAMMAR
1 Look at the examples in th e table, then(circle)the c o rre ct words in 1 and 2.
Present perfect
You use the presenl perfect to ta lk about an action w hich:
3 - giving news
1 is finished / not finished.
2 has a result in the past f present.
............. ......... .............. 1'
h a v e /h a s + past p a rticiple Result
b Change the underlined w ords in the sentences in 2a w ith your own ideas. W rite five
sentences.
a Talk about pictures 1-5 in pairs. How do you th in k each person feels? Why?
SPEAKING
TASK LISTENING 1 Talk togelher. W hich of your fam ily and frie n d s do you see:
everyday? about once a week? two o r three times a year? less than once a year?
a movie S harm ila's new home S h a rm ila ’s new job Mani's new job a concert
a You’re going to a cafe to m eet a group of frie n d s you haven't seen fo r six m onths.
T hink of five pieces of news to te ll them about. For exam ple:
b T h in k about h o w to :
2 a Add ju s t once to each line, 1-6, of the phone call. 3 a Match the sentences. Where do you th in k the
conversations take place?
3EN Hi. Rosy, it's Ben. Look, would you like to come
out to dinner tonight? 1 Can I have the bill, please?
1 ROSY Maybe. I've got back from a hard day at work. 2 Can I get you a coffee?
Wlio’s going? 3 Do you need any help?
2 3EN Well, me actually. 4 Hello, we have a reservation.
3 ROSY Oh. right. You know, I think I’m going to stay in. 5 Where are you going?
SEN That's OK. don’t worry. By the way, do you think 6 I'm sorry but Lisa’s not in at the m om ent.
Jen '11 be at home?
a Could you ju s t te ll me your names, please?
4 ROSY Actually, I've seen her at the bus stop.
b Oh. Could I ju s t leave a message?
5 BEN Really? What’s her mobile number? I have her
c I’m ju s t looking, thankyou.
home number.
d No thanks, I've ju s t had one.
6 ROSY Oh, a second. Heie you are. It's 077145 96 70.
e I ju s t have to go to the bank. I’ll be back soon,
BEN Thanks. Rosy. You're a star. Well, have a nice
f Yes, of course. Just a m om ent.
evening.
b Take tu rn s to say 1-6 and rem em ber a -f.
b * C D Listen to check. Q Then practise the
conversation in pairs.
Across cultures
Where you live, do people use gestures to com m unicate these things? W hat are they? Talk in groups.
1 Hello. 11 Stop!
2 Goodbye. 12 Be quiet
3 Yes and no. 13 W hat's the tim e?
4 I don’t know. 14 It’s good.
5 I’m not sure. 15 It’s bad.
6 Come here. 16 It's a secret.
7 I’d like the menu. 17 He's crazy.
8 I’d like the b ill. 18 He's rich.
9 OK, I understand. 19 Thank ycu.
10 Please wait. 20 Sorry.
79
Writing
S om etim es we get in vita tio ns parties
but can’t go. What reasons can you th in k of?
^ M wwi «•eftnv«'-' i
[33123223 ESA
tlttOI(4M) »lion
Party
CMttXK Mi (WWW
Stc*;hmau»«!
S*ot1l«»txß
Hi K im ,
5 « *tn p «
IM» 'S o r r y I c o u ld n 't c o m e to y o u r p a rty la s t
ICQCut S a tu r d a y .7 1 bad a ba d c o ld a n d w as in bed all
w e e k e n d . I'v e ju s t s ta rte d t o fe e l b e tte r in th e
la s t d a y o r tw o . J H ope y o u h a d a g re a t tim e .
H o w a re th in g s a t w o rk ? E v e ry th in g 's OK h e re b u t
I h a v e to go to P orto n e x t w e e k fo r a fe w d a ys.
S ec you soon,
A dam
D ear S ean,
80
Look again G
Extension
VOCABULARY E xtrem e adjectives SPELLING AND SOUNDS -ge, -dge, -age
1 a Can you rem e m b e r th e extrem e adjectives? 1 a • You say -ge and -dge as /d ^ /. When it’s not
stressed, you say -age as / l i z / . Listen and repeat.
angry - f urious 6 pleased - d_
cold - f_____ 7 sure - p__
/d s f /id 3 /
tig h te n e d - t __ 8 surprised - a_
hot - b_____ 9 tired - e_____ age bridge average
hungry - s_____ huge judge language
b Ask and answ er the questions in groups.
b Add th e co rre ct endings fo rth e s e w ords, -ge,
How do you feel: -dge o r -age.
1 cn Monday m orning?
2 at the end of a w orking week? vill... chan... lugg... fri.. mess... oran...
3 v/hen you m eet an old friend? pa... lar... arran...
4 after you’ve ju s t finished some housework? c i S pellcheck. Close your book. Listen to ten
5 v/hen you've been too busy to eat lunch? w o rd s and w rite them down.
d Look at the s c rip t on p152 to check your sp elling.
GRAMMAR P resent p e rfe ct
a Complete the questions w ith Have you ever, NOTICE D escribing ideas
recently, How long.
a Can you com plete th e sentences about laughing?
1 _____ ridden a cam el o r an elephant? Look at the a rtic le on p74 again to check.
b re s e n t perfect 1, Unit 2)
1 It seems th a t la u g hte r can be good fo r y o u r ...
2 _____ have you known your closest friend?
2 One idea is that the most im portant reason for
b re s e n t perfect 2, Unit 2)
laughing is to make other people f e e l...
3 Have you bought anything n ic e ?
(□resent perfect 3, Unit 9) 3 It may be that, before people could speak,
laughter helped them to ...
b Which questions in 2a are about:
b In pairs, cover a -g and take tu rn s to answ er 1-7 • For Wordcards, reference and saving your work » e-PortfoHo
• For more practice » Self-study Pack, Uni: 9
w ith yo ur own ideas.
K Ö lA C fta . Q iM Z
r e p (, fe_ Ä A p e ^ c t c a ? )
1 0 .1 goal
y / « C if k tiß x ft?
book a room and check into a hotel
f „ <v\ eA a g ro p M ß ffo /
. ^ “ ,a /
{ f v jjU ib & k
A place 10 stay
COM
■o r i - ji a .'. - . 1
O ur com fortable business hotel is located in th e heart o f Kuala Lumpur. It’s just a
few minutes' walk to banks, government and business offices, embassies and a
shopping mall and it ’s only 50 minutes from Kuala Lumpur International Airport.
Each room has Internet access. Full business facilities are available.
3 a C o m p le te th e w eb page w ith th e s e w o rd s .
b ' 0 L is te n to ch e c k . Q
1 book a room on the phone. Decide w h a l kin d of room you w ant, w hen and fo r
how long.
2 ch e ck in. Decide w hat questrons you w a n t to ask, fo r example, about the health
clu b , a map. breakfast tim e ...
M yW orld.com Friends
3 Read the e m a ils between Leonardo and Min. W hat are th e ir jobs now ?
Hi Leonarda,
Hi Min,
Great to hear from you! Of course I remember you, I t 's great tö k n o w y o u 'r e c o m in g h e re s o o n . I 'd lo v e to
and the years at GIG. They were good times. Anyway, m e e t y o u . G ive m e a c a ll w h e n yo u a r r iv e a n d w e can
things are ■fine w ith me. I moved back to Brazil a few a rra n g e s o m e th in g . M y m o b ile 's 0 1 2 - 3 2 4 2 3 4 9 , o ffic e
p h o n e 0 3 -3 2 4 1 -3 4 5 6 .
years ago and live in Rio now. s till single, but near
my parents and brother. I'm a marketing manager at M a y b e y o u '^ w o n d e rin g w h y I le ft th e S ta te s . A f t e r G IG ,
Rio Amazonia, and guess what? I was in Kuala Lumpur I w e n t t o w a rk f o r C IS M a n a g e m e n t in l a b u t i t w a s n 't
last November - my first trip. Fantastic city! fm going v e r y c h a lle n g in g - I ' l l te ll y o u a b o u t t h a t la te r - so
to be there again next month, from the 3-rd to the a n y w a y , I re tu rn e d to M a la ysia a n d g o t a g o o d jo t? w ith
6th. What's your mobile number? Maybe we could get M a la yT e ch es A d v e r tis in g M a n a g e r. I 'm s in g le , to o , b u t
together. I t would be nice to catch up on things. h a v e lo te ö f fa m ily a n d frie n d s Ittfre ln KL,
Leonardo Min
We usually use tim e expressions w ith form s a -d to say w hen som ething is
happening. For exam ple, next m onth, on Friday evening, a t 1T.15.
J S » You say What are you doing on Fnday evening? not Wheri do you do on- Frtdayevextrt
a Choose th e best fo rm (or fo rm s ) to com plete th e questio n s.
I Listen to Jason and Akio arranging to meet in their free time. What do they
arrange to do?
TASK £ *D « C l Listen to both co n ve rsa tio n s a g a in.'C ircle the u n d e rlin e d expressions
VOCABULARY th a t they say.
A rra n g in g to Checking
m eet up 1 Are you doing anything th is week? / tonight?
2 Do you fancy having lunch? / going too?
A rra n g in g a da te and tim e
3 Can you m ake Saturday? / th e 12th?
& Can you do to m o rro w ? / 3.S0?
C ancelling and re a rra n g in g
5 I’m s o rry but I can't m ake it to m o rro w / on Saturday.
6 Can w e p o s tp o n e ? / Can w e do it a n o th e r tim e ?
5 a W ork alone.
YV \ \ \ \ \ \ V \ M SI M m
7- Mcrcisij, 7 pm
% Tuesday, :
*< Srfhfdaij e/emr>^
Hi. A hm ed. Are b Make a rra n g e m e n ts w ith three d iffe re n t peDple. Find someone to do each th ir : r
you doing anything
tom orrow ? a W ork alone. You have to cancel two of your a rra n g e m p n K DQcide w h ich tw o .s-: -
§
EXPLORE
ford make
■+ noun P a tte rn s w ith make
a Add the expressions w ith m ake to th e ta b le . 3 a Look at the h ig h lig h te d expressions w ith m ake.
Does m ake m ean:
ke an a p p o in tm e n t m a ke frie n d s
a cause som ething to happen or cause a state?
ke a p ro fit m ake a snack m ake m istakes
b create som ething?
ke some sala d m ake repaym ents
r ------------------------ T he m o st im p o rt an c r e a s c n f o r la u g h in g i.s
C o th e r th in g s CO "3he o rh d people fe e l good. emit »
• A money B food, dhnk
Way do sen? -.linecses - ; -- t
■m ake money m ake d inner m ake WCitf? WEliT >
a rra n g e m e n ts ' ' cm c a n u s e i c c o n a k c - : e r h o c . ä h •
tfo<t m a y p e o p le w c j! d s a y t h a - sh o p p in g in
th eir lo ca l supermarket -*is s :: •••' r.?ppy.
»you th in k o f m ore expressions fo r A-C ? a»lt I
C
te n to th re e people ta lk in g about how they im p ro ve
tn in g . W ho: 5
Ms E nglish fo r tra ve l?
1
i E nglish a t home?
. E nglish fo r w o rk ? K 'l -
t rem em b e r w ho does th e se th in g s?
Martin from France
i to o th e r people s conversations.
i to thin g s on the In te rn e t and le a rn new w ords,
sple to repeat o r explain w ords.
i what o th e r people m ig h t say and prepare the answ ers.
Before in vita tio ns, a q u e stio n m akes it easier fo r the o th e r person to say 'no*.
Are you free ? -> Erm, I'm a b it busy. —> Do you want to go fo r a quick coffee ? —» No. sorry. I've got too much to do.
Before requests, a question prepares the o th e r person fo r the request.
Do you have a p e n ? - * Yes. I think so. -» Can I use it fo r a m om ent?
• C D Listen to th re e conversations.
Match th e m w ith p ic tu re s A -C .
1 a Do you tike Chinese food? a Choose one a ctivity. T hink about th e language
8 Yes, I do. y o u 'll nsed fo r requests and in vita tio n s.
a Welt, wout<J you tike to ...? 1 You w a n t to go to a fo o tb a ll m atch tom orrow .
a W hat a re you doing to m o rro w ? You have fo u r free tickets.
b N othing, really. 2 You w a n t to buy som e new clothes. You’d like
A ...
some frie n d s to com e with you.
Are you in te re s te d in a rt exhibitions? 3 You're m oving fla t o r house th is weekend. Yc-
need a few people to help.
L You w ant to go to a concert o r show w ith so rr f
Have you got y o u r m o b ile here? friends.
b P ractise yo u r co nversations.
Look again O
Review Extension
VOCABULARY Hotel collocations SPELLING AND SOUNDS au, aw h J
c In groups, magine the perfect hotel for you. laugh aunt A u s tra lia sausage
W hat fa c ilitie s w o u ld it have? Why? d • B 3 Spellcheck. Close your book. Listen to ten
words and write them down.
GRAMMAR Future plans and arrangements
e Look at the script on p168 to check your spelling.
a Complete the telephone conversation with the
correct form of these words. NOTICE Work
Spaces
Moving
o
^ www.he»m-eehange.arg/fonum/australu»/general ▼ fc- *v 4
h o m a c h a n g e .o rg
When I read this statistic. I was SHOCKED! I'm from a sm all to w n and I now live 2 km from w here I grew
up. LaurenF
I'm m oving at the end o f this m onth and th a t makes 21 moves since I was 18. I'm 42 this m onth. 77?
I hate m oving. I w a n t to stay in one place fo r my kids but we're always having to m ove because o f m y
jo b . DomoZOOO
VOCABULARY Read the p o s tin g s fro m a w e b site about moving hom e. Then ask and a n s w e r the
D escribing questions.
hom es 1 W hat do you th in k about the in fo rm a tio n in th e postings?
2 How m any tim e s have you moved in you r life?
3 W hat a re the reasons you o r people you know have m oved7
4 How do you fe e l about m oving hom e?
Read the a d v e rtis e m e n ts fro m an estate agent's in Sydney. A u s tra lia . Match photos
A -C w ith d e s c rip tio n s 1-3 .
P ro n u n c ia tio n re fe re n c e
m » Be c a re fu l w hen you say c o m fo rta b le /'k .\m ft3 b L ’. Tt only has three syllables.
a n d p ra c tic e , p 1 5 7
A dream home
LISTENING 1 • S S D L iste n to Donna and Jose outside the.estate a g e n t’s.
1 W ho lik e s th e idea of moving? Who d o e sn 't lik e th e idea?
2 W hich places A -C on p90 do they ta lk about?
2 1 2 X 3 L iste n again. A n sw e r th e qu e stio n s. .
1 W hy does Jose th in k they can t move? I.wo reasons! —*
2 W hat s o lu tio n does Donna suggest?
TV
*0 W hat hdo in the m id d le of nowhere? you change y o u r job?
O I bet you V A - ^ i n d a nice little school nearby. Yes, I th in k I \<5_^v4. actually.
O I ^ t f k :ik\& ant to move schools. No, I W ctuIA v '
d = w ould
5 a C om plete these d e s c rip tio n s of ideal hom es w ith w o u ld o r 0 and verbs fro m
the box.
U * tr
vlJ'*VL’
tfl Right now I live in a very small apartment. so I th in *
horne ’ pretty much like th e piace
my ideal homa wva'1öt m ore spaco. It ‘a^
.now b u t 12 L to b e fifteen degrees
big living room, a big kitchen, big everything. 1 6 i %■}**-
so instead of growing lettuce and spinach
to have m aybe tw o bedrooms, one fo rm e and one for
grow th in g s like m angoes and oian ges and
g u ests. Also there ^ re a lly fcig windows with
T t a t 3 v ^ ^ i e a i l y perfect
view s of th e mountains, like my old houie in Brazil. ^ ^
99
Trinidad and Tobago (n o w äves in England) E d va itk* fio m B razil
r reference
ee, p143 b v « S > L iste n to check. W hat do you th in k of N a ta lie 's and Eduardo s ideas?
91
1 1 .2 goafs
Le Corbusier ta lk about hom es and housing
discuss pros and cons
Le Corbusier [1897-
1 V65j was a Swiss-
Fren-ch -architect. He
built this tower block
called Unite d'habitation.
2 Read the article about Le Corbusier. Which paragraphs A-F are about:
1 a city he designed? _
2 w h y som e people d islik e his ideas'5 ___
3 w h y his ideas m iy h t be im p o rta n t to r (he fu tu re ?
■4 people's d iffe re n t opinions about his w o rk? ^
5 his ideas for tower blocks? __
6 his to w e r block in France?
3 Le Corbusier saw concrete and tow er blocks as a way r However, there is another side to the story. Other
of providing inexpensive, quiet and spacious homes for architects trie d to use Le Corbusier's ideas, but the?
everyone. He thought tow er blocks should have their own tower blocks were sometimes very different. They wer?
indoor ‘streets’ with shops, cafes, schools and sports cheaply built vvth small, dark apartments and paper-
centres, and be close to historic city centres. thin walls. They v/ere built far from city centres, with
indoor shops or streets. Some writers on urbanisation
1 Le Corbusier used these ideas in one of his most
believe tow er blocks like these create social problems,
famous designs, the twelve-storey Unite d'habitation in
like crim e and violence, and they blame Le Corbusier
Marseille, built in 1952. Today, the tow er block is home
the problems o f modern city life.
to 1 .6 0 0 people. It's a popular address and neighbours
get on well. It has an indoor shopping street, social ' Laurent Bouvier, an expert on the architect, disagree:
clubs, a Kindergarten, a gym and a hotel. There is even a *With more than half the world's population now liv - r
swimming oool and a rooftop garden. in cities." he sa/s, “ it's time to look at Le Corbusie'
work again. His itfeas were misunderstood in the 2C*
: However, perhaps the best example of Le Corbusiers
century, but they may be the answer to the problems
m sun for modem urban living is in India. 250 km north
the 21st."
There rr£ b u it one of the world's m ost unusual
3 Read the a rtic le again. According to th e w rite r, w h o has o r had these opinions?
1 Tower blocks should have th e ir ow n fa cilitie s.
2 People fro m C handigarh are p ro u d to live th e re .
3 Le C o rb u sie r is responsible fo r s o m e o f the p ro b le m s im cities today.
U People should th in k about Le C orbusier's ideas again.
5 Le C o rb u sie r’s ideas could help create b e tte r c itie s in the future.
£ Talk to g e th e r W hich opinions in 3 do you acree and disagree w ith? Why?
p G u p ta ,
Jtves in D elhi Le Corbusier w a s tlie artist of The »lung is, Chandigarh is
concrete. T h e trouble is, concrete too popular. Designed for a
is not beautiful to look at. It can population of up to 500.000.
T h e b est thing about the
look dirty a rd depressing if it’s it's now home to double
college is. it's so g re en
not cleaned regulaily. that or möre.
w ith lots of light inside
D e vi Rameesh, Neeaa Ramesh,
, student
resident o f Chandigarh re sid e n t o f Chandigarh
?o/A ir
Choose one o f these to p ics and com plete 1 -4 w ith y o u r opinions.
• to w e r blo cks • living in th e co u n try * m odern a rch ite ctu re • living in th e city
5 a W ork alone. T h in k about the area w here you live , and a re a s near w h e re you live
W hat are th e pros and cons of each p la c e 7
• location • tra ve l services and shops • th in g s to do
• the e n viro n m e n t » oth e r
b L iste n to each o th e r's opinions and ask q uestions to fin d ou t n o re . If you re fro m
th e sam e place, do you agree?
Target activity
1 1 .3 goals
Talk about a problem des-cnbe imaginary situations «,
d iscu ss pros an d cons .
ta lk a b out ways to solve p roblem s
TASK LISTENING 1 • CED Listen to Donna and M a risa ’s conversation. W hat problem do they ta lk a b o u t'
c Cover 1-5 and look at a-e. In pairs, try tc complete the suggestions.
Keyword there
1 P u l the w o rd s in o rd e r to m ake sentences fro m d W rite a d e scrip tio n of y o u r hom e and fa vo u rite
p re vio u s un its w ith th e re ♦ be. room , lik e E la ’s.
1 T h e re / v i-fc / a la rg e liv in g room / 's / e L iste n to each o th e r’s d e scrip tio n s. W hat are
s balcony, cu t u o th e r people's fa v o u rite room s? W hy?
2 Thfti’c / second-hand stalls / scoe- / just
cve-r there / a r * . un.e « 3 a You can also use th e re to avoid re p e a tin g places.
2. Ifce-r«? / less t r a f f ic / ’ 11 r be f in 2050 /
Replace a group o f w o rd s in 1-5 w ith th e re .
gh the roads, o u t *
there
a N o tice the d iffe re n c e betw een th e re and it / they. 1 I love I he Golden Lion cafe. I go A to th fr-Ootdert
W hich hig hlig h te d w ords; b to n quite often on m y way home.
2 My favourite room at hom e is ih e kitchen. We
1 introduce new ideas?
do everything in th e kitchen, cooking, ta lkin g ,
2 re fe r back to e a rlie r ideas?
everything.
T here's g cafe round the corner. It opens a t ten. 3 I usually a rriv e at w o rk a t the sam e tim e every
There are lo ts o f lovely p a rk s to go to. T hey're day. I usually get to w o rk at e ig h t th irty,
u su a lly free. 4 W hen I need to relax. I go to the rive r near my
house. I probably go to the riv e r once o r tw ice
b C om plete E la’s d e s c rip tio n o f h e r fla t w ith th e re
a week.
1x21, it (x2J and they (x1 ].
5 I spend a lot of tim e at m y parents house. I stay
W elL ift our Qat are five room s. ‘s a
at m y parents house tw o or three tim es a week.
living room, and a bedroom - quite big - b Change the Sentences in 3a so Ühey're tru e fo r you.
and we also have a study, a kitchen and a batfuoom. Then com pare yo u r sentences.
I suppose my favourite room is the study. 's
I spend a to! o f tim e a t m y frie n d s house.
also t h e sm a lle st zo o m b u t ’s tfcg room th a t I
I go there aimos t every day.
really feel is m ine. 1 don’t just work in the study:
I a lso like to lie on th e s o fa and read a good to o k . ^
C • 1 2 3 Listen to c h e c k . O
ss cultures bours
Look a t the e xp re ssio n s in the box. T ick ( / I th e places you have live d in.
Com pare in groups.
1 Do neighbours usually say h e llo when th e y see each other? Do they stop and chat?
2 Do they ever help each o th e r w ith th in g s tike shopping o r taking care o f c h ild re n ?
| 3 Is it n o r m a l f o r peopt« t o v ib it n e w neighbours a n d in tro d u ce them selves?
u Do neighbours spend free tim e together, o r organise th in g s together? W hat do they do?
s 5 Do th e ir c h ild re n play o r go to sc h o o l tog e th e r?
6 Do people g e n e ra lly live n e a r o th e r m e m b e rs of th e ir fam ily?
1 how m any p a ra g rap h s to w rite . F irst, the a ir conditioning is broken, which is m aking the
2 w hat s ho u ld go in each paragraph.
apartment very uncomfortable. Another problem is, we can’t
3 w hich expressions fro m 2 and 3 you’d
find the key fo r tJie balcony door. Also, the intercom doesn't
like to use.
■work properly, so visito rs sometimes can’t hear what we’re
5 W ork alone and w rite an e m a il o r le tte r saying.
o f co m p la in t about y o u r s itu a tio n .
We've telephoned your agency three times and asked for
6 a W ith a new p a rtn e r, read each o th e r s
someone to come round and fix these things, but no one has
le tte rs or e m a ils. Can you a n sw e r these
questions? come. In addition, I emailed your office on December 12 but
again, I haven’t had a reply. I am very unhappy about this
1 What's the reason fo r w ritin g ?
level of service.
2 W hat are th e p roblem s?
3 W hat does th e w rite r w a n t to happen?
Would you please contact me as soon as possible to let me
b T alk about your e m a ilso r te tte rs to g e th e r know w hat you are going to do about this?
and im prove th e m if necessary.
Vours sincerely,
S o - i a 2 -C%,
look again o
Review Extension
VOCABULARY D iscuss p ro s and cons SPELLING AND SOUNDS ck. k. ch.qu
1 a Which expression, 1 or 2, do these words go with? 4 a « E 3 Listen and repeat the words. How do you
say ck, k and ch? How do you say qu?
bad problem th in g best
good troub le w o rs t 1 c k / k / block back
2 k / k / fork broken
1 The is. I d o n 't like hot weather. 3 c h / k / sch o o l architect
2 T h e ______ th in g a b o u t s u m m e r here is. it s I q u /k w / q u ie t question
absolutely boiling.
3 Thp th in g a b o u t m y fla t is. it's got b• l Spellcheck. Close your books. Listen to
air-conditooninq. twelve words and write them down.
b Talk together. What do you think are the pros and c Look at the script on p169 to check your spelling.
cons of these things?
NOTICE Expressions with prepositions
• su m m e r • w in te r • In te rn e ! • fo o tb a ll
« flying ■ drivin g • pets • fast food 5 a C om plete th e h ig h lig h te d expressions in the
e s ta te agent’s a d v e rtis e m e n ts w ith th e c o rre c t
GRAMMAR would
p repositions.
2 a What would you do in these situations?
around at fro m in of to
1 Your frie n d is tryin g to give up sm oking.
However, v/h e n you go out to g e th e r, he always 1 A com fortable house the co u n trysid e .
asks people fo r cigarettes. 2 It has w o n d e rfu l vie w s the city.
2 It s early in the m o rn in g and y o u r n e ig h b o u r is 3 J u s t _____ th e c o rn e r fro m th e beach.
p la y in g r e a l l y l o u d m u s ic . Y o u w a n ! to s le e p . 4 The ba lco ny th e back is p e rfe c t fo r
3 You're looking a fte r yo u r s is te r's fla t and you relaxing.
break one of h e r p lates. She has lots and 5 3.5 hours Sydney.
probably w o n 't notice. 6 This a p a rtm e n t is close the c ity centre.
4 You re d rivin g to a p a rty bu t you're lost. You
b C heck in th e a d v e rts on p90.
don't have a map and y o u r m o b ile phone
doesn't w ork. C Write an estate agent’s advert for your home or a
5 It s Monday m o rn in g and y o u ’re not feeling home you know well. Use the prepositions from
w ell. You have an im p o rta n t m e e tin g a t w o rk in 5a. You can use the adverts on p90 to help you.
the afternoon.
d Role play a conversation in pairs. Make a hotel • For Wordcarda, reference and saw ig your «fork »
• For m ore practico m S o ff^tu d y P a ct, Uni! 11
reservation by telephone, then check in. Take
turns to be the guest and receptionist.
12.1 godls
c-J-y wnere places o e
descrbe countries
— — — - - --
SSHcSKe.
, TheVatica'i City •Prague
2 Monaco *W
•Paris
3 Nauru Vienna»
4 tu v a lu 9 Budapest
5 San Marino *
Bern Ljubljana
* »Zagreb • Bucharest
* Belgrade
8 Saint Kitts Nev
. Sarajevo
9 The Maldives c • Sofia
'■4hV -
10 Malta \>rt • Skopje
f Rome' Ista n b u l
•Tirana
• Madrid
■ V-
T J W «Athens
M editerranean Sea
a W ork in groups. Can you m atch th e c o u n trie s w ith these d e scrip tio n s?
a It
It'ss in -fin m p in Italy,
:ome Ita lv I * ^ n Cä’-* *)
b It's \n)thhe e a s t of Italy, ^ ^ 0 '
c It's an is la n c jln ih e South Pacific. •f
d It's a g ro u p otTslands^ijS
otTsl the Pacific Ocean. (x2] 'H.cy :_L> C 4 5. ^ ^
e It's an isla n d n a tio n |i> th e C aribbean Sea. S*-- 1 I ' i « ^ *- • * •
f T hey're in th e Indian Ocean, s o u th -w e s t of Sri Lanka. ' Ax ^ A
g It s in the M editerranean Sea. to the south o f Sicily. ' n -
H It's betw een A u s tria and S w itzerland,
i I t ’s in the south of Europe, on th e M editerranean coast,
and it b o rd e rs France. •- - -
b r io L iste n to check. 0
I b Listen to each o th e r's d e scrip tio n s. Can you guess the places?
* i.M £ tf tf lt O J O r ™ u w « *
' f ;jfc
QoP Pf rirn fl P.0 J » $ <f
itoo small countries
READING W ork in A /B p a irs. S tudent A, read about the Vatican on th is page. S tu d e n t B. read
about T uvalu on p127. Find th e a n sw e rs to these questio n s.
1 W here is it? How big is it? U Does fit j e t many visitors?
2 How m any people live th e re 7 5 W hat languages do people use?
3 W hat jo b s do people do*7 6 H ow does it make money?
Grammar reference
I practice, 44 You say Most people use Italian and Latin not The mosf people use
VOCABULARY 4 W hat can you re m e m b e r a b o u t the Vatican and Tuvalu? C om plete th e sentences
^Describing a together.
country
1978 800 a rt co lle ctio n B rita in fo u r years Funafuti
to u ris m Tuvaluan and E nglish the UN
5 a W rite six sentences about yo u r country, fiv e tru e and one false.
P repare to ta lk a b o u t yo u r country.
ht> rO 1
1 2 .2 goal
Big in Japan ta lk about people's lives and achievem ents
5 r# ~ V
Achievements
VOCABULARY 1 -a W hat can you re m e m b e r a b o u t Akebono? Match 1 -8 w ith a -h to m ake sentences.
Life and 1 He w a s b o rn study h o te l m anagem ent,
achievem ents 2 He w on sum o from w atching it on TV.
3 He w a n te d to in 2001.
A He became interested in become a yokozuna in 1500 years,
5 He fle w to Japan to jo in a b a s k e tb a ll scholarship.
6 Akebono defeated K onisbiki.
7 He w a s the fir s t fo re ig n e r to in Hawaii.
8 He retired A zum azeki's stable.
SPEAKING 3 a P repare a s h o rt ta lk about y o u r life o r th e life of som eone you know. Use the
e xp re ssio n s in l a and yo u r ow n ideas.
You can use in fin itiv e s w ith to [to go. tohave, e tc.l: You can use gerunds Igoing, having, etc.):
G ra m m a r r e fe r e n c e
You say I want you to help /ne not f want th-at you help me.
an d p r a c tic e , p l 4 4
a Choose verbs fro m the box to com plete questions 1-6. Use the infinitive o r the gerund.
agree become decide defeat enjoy f nish p ra c tis e ret re stu d y suggest
decide > decided practise > p ra ctise s buy > buytng speak > spoken
c Find th e ve rb s in the sentences in 5a and nnark th e stre s s . P ractise saying them .
TASK LISTENING 1 Look a t th e p ic tu re s . W hat do you kn o w about Lech W at^sa and Krakow ?
4 t C O N ow listen to Renata talking about Kraköw. Tick [s\the things she mentions.
The person
1 W hy do you th in k they ’re im p o rta n t o r in te re stin g ?
2 When and w here were they bom ?
3 W hat do you know about th e ir life?
4 Are they w e ll know n in y o u r c o u n try nowadays?
The place
1 W hy do you th in k it s im p o rta n t o r interesting?
2 W here is it exactly?
3 W hat do yoy know about its history?
4 Have you been there? W hat's it like?
b Talk in groups and ask each other questions to find out more. If you chose the same
people or places, do you have the same information and opinions?
Keyword to
infinitives with to
1 a Match the u n d e rlin e d e xp re ssio n s w ith th e c o rre ct groups. A -C , in the table.
b W rite five o r six questions. Then ask and a n s w e r the q u e stio n s in groups.
:sition to
W rite to in the c o rre c t place in the questions.
•]*
r
**• I W KT* ‘T f S b
3 lo m ean ’o r s im ila r th in g s ’
Extension
VOCABULARY Location, describing a country SPELLING AND SOUNDS -e n t. - ant
a In groups, design yo u r id e a l country. You can use a «E D Ydu say th e en d ing s -e n t and -a n t in the
som e of these ideas: sam e w a y ./a m /. Listen and repeat,
lo c a tio n , s iz e p o p u la t io n la n g u a g e s w o rk student president p a rlia m e n t governm ent
free tim e gove rn m en t the econom y tra n sp o rt im p o rta n t elephant
P repare to ta lk about y o u r country. You can use b Read the in fo rm a tio n and then com plete the words.
th e expressions on p98 and p99.
1 -e n t (in clu d in g -m e n t) is m uch m ore com m on
Our ideal country is a group of thr&o islands, ft h x ... th a t -a n t.
2 A fte r th e sounds / f / , /g /, / k / and /t /. w c usua lly
b Change groups. T e ll each o th e r ab o u t yo u r Ideal
use -a n t .
co u n trie s. Decide w h ich y o u ’d m ost lik e to v is it
account _ a p a rtm assist d iffe r
DAMMAR In fin itiv e s and g e ru n d s excell incfepend mom
m onum in s t pres
a P ut the v e rb s in the c o rre c t groups.
c f E D S o ellcheck. Close yo u r books. L iste n to ten
I prom ise agree can’t stand w ould like w o rd s and w rite th e m down.
o ffe r d islike enjoy w ant finish m iss
d Look at the s c rip t on p 171 to check your sp e llin g .
/ _ / ____+ to do
_ / / _ / _____ + doing NOTICE E xp re ssio ns w ith o f
b Do these verbs go w ith an in fin itiv e o r a g e rund?
5 a Com plete the e xp re ssio n s w ith of using th e w o rds
In groups, use d ic tio n a rie s to check.
fro m the box.
i e n jo y /m 'd s o i/ ve rb 1 If you e n jo y som ething,
m e m ber head group s o u th j
i t gives yo u pleasure. I ho p e yo u e n jo y yo u r
meal. [+ d o in g so m e th in g ] I re a lly e n jo y e d 1 The Vatican’s ru le d by tha Pope, w ho is also
b eing w ith him . th e o f the C atholic Church.
2 Monaco is in th e of Europe.
I hope learn plan don’t m ind 3 Tuvalu is a o f nine islands.
L Nowadays it ’s a o lth e U nited N ations.
! Use the v e rb s to w rite six sentences about
b T h in k about y o u r a n s w e rs to these questions.
yo urse lf, fo u r tru e and tw o false.
1 W hat are you a m e m b e r of? W hat groups do
|\Wnen I w as six. I w anted to be a policem an.
you belong to?
I Listen t<» each o th e r’s sentences. Can you guess 2 W h o s th e head of state in y o u r country? Who's
[w h ic h are false ? the head of your company, s c h o o l o r club?
3 Which part o f y o u r tow n do you live in? For
r o il REMEMBER? U n it 11 - w ould example, the c e n tre o r the east? W hat about
y o u r frie n d s and fam ily?
dd the m issin g w o rd s to T heo's d e s c rip tio n o f his
5am home, w o u ld fx7) w o u ld n 't 1x1) c A sk and a n sw e r the q uestions. Find out m ore.
5\GÜ’S
I'm a m em ber of a cycling club,
t dream home? WelL I live in a house in th e
ntains but it be close to a village so w e could Oh yeah? How often do you m eet?
öppmg and things like tliax. It b e too big - it
: maybe four rooms - but the living room have
f balcony with wonderful views. I live there S e lf-a s s e s s m e n t
t y töOüO® Lmy wife and son of course, and every clay
H ic h » 0®1 Can you do these th in g s in E n g lis h ? 'firc U ta n u m b e r
t up. m ake coffee and just look out over the
on each lin e . 1 = I ca n ’t do th is . 5 = I can do th is w e ll.
stains That b e perfect.
say w h e re places are
d e scribe countn.es
|* * e A W * S l ik about your dream hom e. W here w ould it be.
ta lK a b o u t pecpis s lives and achievem ents ( ■ S I ■
St would it be like and w h a t w ould you do there?
V- use vague language
iß\ feö iöB ! ; in groups. L iste n to each o th e r's ideas. W hat
ly o u th in k about them ? • For Wordeanls. re fe w w * And savn g your worfc «
• For more practice «• Self-study Pack. Unrt 12
to U c P i U til fr^fiötax» -J-vp^
13 .1 goals
J J f W AMÖ FtfSXO => U 'jk ^ PLAVtt ' «aJjUÄejLh i k.JUJ&4i». i>xcjcili^,. cL/t ta lk about electronic gadgets you use
-v r .
c Com pare y o u r lis ts . Which a re th e m o st com m on gadgets? Which are the most
unusual?
1 How do N atalie and Paula fe e l about t f e ir m o bile phones? Do they feel the same?
2 How often does M atin use h is m u sic player? W hy is it im p o rta n t to him ?
3 How does Fabio feel about gadgets in general? W hich ones does he have“*
Do you Know anyone I ke N a ta lie . Paula. Fabio o r M e tin ? Who are you m ost
s im ila r to ?
1 Do you ever use the phone to m anage /o u r bank account o r book h o lid a y s ? /
Why? / Why not?
2 Do you or people you know g e t a bonus a t w ork? How often? W hat's it usually for?
< I E > Listen to th ree phone ca lls with Christine. Answ er the questions a fte r each one.
Call 1
1 C hristine ca lls h e r bank. Why is sh e surprised? ' *
2 W here does she th in k th e m oney has come from ?
C a ll2 .
1 C hri«tfinp ra il« ; a r n m p a n y W h o rinp<; ^ h p w a n t to ta lk tn ? ^ | <
2 W hal message docs she give th e receptionist?, " ^ e ^
C aU3 v ä £ L Ll x^ .
1 C hristine ta lks to her husband John. W hat does she te ll him ? 2. cxro
2 W hat do they decide to do? /
a The bank m a n a g e r phones C h ris tin e . W hat do you th in k he says?
I D > When sp eaking on th e telephone you say This is Paul Jennhgs not I am Patsl
Jertntngs.
SPEAKING a W o rk alone. T hink about the language y o u 'll need fo r these conversations.
1 C aller, you w ant to speak to a relative Itro th e r. m o th e r...). Phone the place where
they w ork and ask to speak to the person. You have im portant news to te ll them .
R eceptionist, the person's not in. Take a message
2 C aller, c a ll a friend. The reception is bad, C a ll back, th e n ask about recent news
and a rra n g e to do som ething.
Friend, ta lk about recent news. Agree on a day to m eet, a time and a place to go
b Role p la y the conversations. Take tu rn s to be th e caller.
1 3 .2 goal
When I was a child ta lk about past h a bits and sta le s
READING 1 The p ic tu re s show what five people believed w hen they w e re c h ild re n . Can you
guess w hat they thought?
c * f\n o
V 4* y * 4k1 T wm.chikfTOOdbelre*a.carn w "
C\
When I w a s little, I used to believe there were little m en inside ihe te le visio n a n d i ysed to
get clo se to the TV and turn it o n a n d o ff to see if I c o u ld hear the little m en w orking inside
i t A n d I s till d o n 't u n d e rsta n d h o w it works. Leonardo trom Costa Rig^
When I w a s a little girl , I lived in a very big neighbourhood and we shared a garden a rd a
pool betw een fo rty-e ig h t houses. There were a lo t o f children arcund m y age and w e all used
to play together, and w e 'd often sw im in the pool. B u t there w a s one b o y about five ysars
older than us a n d he to ld me once, w hen I was sw im m ing in the pool, “ I hope you know that
if you’re alone in th e pool, there’s a shark that will com e out o f the light b u lb an d ge t you.” I
w as terrified, a n d u p until today - I'm tw enty-five n o w - I still g e t nervous if I’m in a pool alone
and I alw ays check the light to m ake sure there's no shark. Natalie -rim Trinidad and Tobago
W hen I w a s little , I used to believe the m oon fo llo w e d me and my fam ily everyw here w e
w ent. W hen w e w e n t to m y u n c le ’s, th e m oon w o u ld c o m e w it i us. W hen w e w e n t on
hol day. th e m oon w o u ld b e there. I w a s so su rp rise d w hen I to ld m y frie n d and she said
it follow ed her, to o . H o w c o u ld th e m o o n fo llo w m e and h e r a t th e sam e tim e when we
w eren’t to g e th e r? It c o u ld n ’t b e true! Rsquel from Me*icc
I used t o ...
GRAMMAR
Read th e sentences. A n sw e r q u e stio n s 1 and 2.
ui>ttd lu. w vuid
I used to get close to the TV and turn it on and off. (Leonardo!
We a ll used to play together, and w e'd often swim in th e pool. (Natalie)
• th in g s you did: games you played school frie n d s places you w e n t on holiday ...
• beliefs about; food natu re m achines a n im a ls toys science tra n s p o rt
people m o n e y ...
I'm thinking a lot at the moment about life before the Internet, and life before
computers. How was life d ifferent? Was It worse? Was it better?
1
Now: I arrange to meet up with friends by email.
B e fo re : u s e d to c a ll th e m u p o n th e p h o n e .
Change: t's faster now! But I think I chat to my friends less on the phone. I think people
c o m m u n ic a te m o re 't h e s e day-i. b u t th e y ta lk t o e a c h o th e r le s s Jth a n th e y u s e d to.
2
Now: lo get the latest news. I go to Google News.
Before: ]?n me days befort the fnterneL I'd check the television news on CNN or a
lo c a l c h a n n e l.
Change: How I can click on the news story I want, and I don't have to read tfte news
I’ m n o r in te re s te d in . P e o p le d e c id e w h a t n e w s th e y get Anov.d c a y s . T h e re ’s
more choice *ihan there used to be.
3
Now: i buy gifts for people online.
Before: • i hy pa ?», I‘d go to a shop to buy the gift. If the person lived in arother city. I
mailed it to them from the post office.
Change: I do more shopping 7than i used to. I'm in debt now because it's to<j easy to shop.
H o w h a s y o u r life c h a n g e d o n lin e ? S h a re y o u r c o m m e n ts .
People are always 1 W hat technology do you use at hom e and a t w o rk '1* W hat about o th e r people
in contact with each you know?
o th e r nowadays. It's 2 How have these th in g s changed your life?
m ore d iffic u lt to qet 3 How have they changed life in your country, o r around the world?
away fro m everyone T h in k of th e Language you need, M ake notes.
than it used to be.
b Talk to g e th e r. Do you have the sam e ideas?
110
iXPLORE
Keyword time
1 a Use expressions w ith tim e fro m the box to 2 a C om plete the sentences fro m previous u n its w ith
com plete th e sentences fro m p revious u n its . w o rd s fro m the box.
(cross cultures
* E D Listen to Leonardo and Megan ta lk in g about a ttitu d e s to tim e in
Costa Rica. A n s w e r th e q uestions.
Think ab out o th e r places you've been to o r know about. Do you th in k people's a ttitu d e s to tim e th e re are
s im ila r to yours?
EXPLOREWriting
Look at th e p ic tu re s in th e w eb page. Can you re m e m b e r
y o u r fir s t c a lc u la to r, m usic p la ye r o r cam era?
T E C H N O M E IT IO R IE S > h1 V F X R S T
> h1V F X R S T G R L .C U L R T O R
J g o t m y fir s t c a lc u la to r when I w as a b o u t eleven, w hen I w e n t to ju n io r high school.
I t was re a lly big and heavy bu t it could do lots of com plicated things. I loved it so
m u ch th a t I used to c a rry it in m y ja c k e t p o cke t all th e tim e . I t n e a rly pulled m y
ja c k e t o ff m y sh o u ld e r! Then a few years later, 1 began to d islike it. I w as d oing a
m a th s e x a m , w hich I fo u n d really b o rin g , a n d I had to s tu d y all th e tim e , and th e
c a lc u la to r ju s t re p re se nte d the exam . I s till have it - see pic. V ery o ld -fa sh io n e d !
W h e n e ve r I see it, I s till th in k o f th a t exam . K o ji H., Japan
> m v F X R S T LURLXMRN
I re m e m b e r g e ttin g m y fir s t Sony W alkm an. M y o ld e r b ro th e r had o n e and I d id n 't,
SO I used to use his W a lk m a n a ln f-r u s u a l l y w i t h o u t a s k i n g . W e had s o m a n y
a rg u m e n ts th a t m y p a re n ts e ve n tu a lly gave m e m y o w n W alkm an fo r C hristm as.
I th in k I was tw e lve o r th irte e n . I re m e m b e r th a t m y b ro th e r w as really je a lo u s
because it was sm a lle r and m ore m o d e m th a n his old one. I laved my W alkm an.
I used to use it a ll th e time,, especially w hen I was d e liv e rin g papers e a rly in th e
m o rn in g before sch o o l. I t made th e e xp erience alm ost en jo yab le . Cam, New Z ealand
> h lV F X R S T D X O T T R L . C R h lE R R
I re m e m b e r w hen I g o t m y firs t d ig ita l cam era, a little s ilv e r one. My h u sband gave
it to m e fo r m y tw e n ty -e ig h th birth d a y. I was a bit d isa p po in te d - a n o th e r b o rin g
g a d g e t. I love ta k in g pictu re s and I used to ta ke good ones w ith m y old cam era,
b e fo re it broke. But as soon as I s ta rte d using th e d ig ita l ca m e ra , my p ictu re s w ere
te rrib le ! The q u a lity w a sn 't good, th e b a tte ry always died ju s t w hen I had th e p e rfe c t
s h o t ... i t w a s all too com plicated. I have a m uch t>etter d ig ita l camera now bu t r still
m iss m y old ca m e ra . E lm ira E., T urkey
b D raw a n o th e r grid w ith n u m b e rs 1-9. Change c C om plete these w o rd s w ith ei o r ey. Then put
ro le s and play again. th e m in the c o rre c t g ro u p s above. A o r B.
b Choose six ve rb s fro m 2a and w rite sentences 1 I used to use his W alkm an a lot, usually w ithout
about y o u r past. You can w rite about y o u r life : 2 I th in k I w o u ld die w ith o u t
3 How d o you live w it ho ut
1 as a teenager. 3 a t college
2 a t school. U in yo u r la s t job. a the Internet?
b m y m obile phone,
c L iste n to each o th e r's sentences. Ask q u e s tio n s to
c asking
fin d out more.
b A sk and a n sw e r th e q uestions.
CAN YOU REMEMBER? Unit 12 - Life and 1 W h a t t h r e e g a d g e t s c a n y o u liv e w i t h o u t ?
achievements 2 W hat three gadgets can t you live w ith o u t?
3 W h e n y o u w e r e a c h i l d , w h a t c o u ld y o u d o
3 a C om plete the sentences about A kebono, th e sum o
w ith o u l asking?
w re s tle r, w ith w ords and expressions fro m the box.
I could play n th e stre e t w ith o u t asking. But when
jo in re tire d becam e inte re ste d in
I w a n t e d t o g o t o t h e p a r k , I h a d to a s k m y p a r e n t s .
w as the firs t study won__________
----------------------------
1 He wanted t o_. h o te l m a n agem ent,
2 He sum o fro m v^atching it on television. S e lf-a s s e s s m e n t
3 He flew to Japan to A zum azeki's stable.
Can you do these th in g s in E n g lish ? {ircle D a n u m b e r
tx A kebono fo re ig n e r to becom e a
on each lin e . 1 = I c a n 't do th is , 5 = I can do th is w e ll.
yokozuna„
5 He _ a b a ske tb a ll sch o la rsh ip . laLk a bout electronic gadgets you use s
6 He in 2001. use th e phone In d iffe re n t situ a tio n s Q Q E K B
ta lk about past hatrits and s la te s S S S M S I
b Write sentences about a famous person in your
w rite abpui a m am ory
country. Use the e xp re ssio n s in 3a.
J
14.1 goals
xpress and respond lo opinions
have a discussion
A matter of
m
What do you think?
VOCABULARY 1 a C o m p le te L e w is’s and A m elia s o p in io n s w ith w o rd s fro m th e box
Expressing
opinions feel course th+nk" know fin d thing lx2l anyway
1 I th in k it's aw fu l.
2 f_ _ it q u ite exciting.
3 We a l t that people a re aggressive.
A A n d _ _ ___________. nobody has to box.
5 I re a lly th a t if people w a n t to box. we s h o u ld n 't stop them .
6 Of th a t’s r o t the sam e.
7 The _ is, they have ru le s and th e re ’s s referee.
8 A n o th e r .Is . berng a boxer is a jo b , you know.
b • E Ö Listen to check. 0
VOCABULARY Read six e x tra c ts fro m Lewis and A m e lia 's conversation. W hich h ig h lig h te d
Responding to e xp re ssio n s can we use if we w a n t to:
opinions
1 agree? 2 disagree? 3 fin is h w h a t we re saying?
1 People s w ritin g and sp e llin g a re g e ttin g w orse because of texting and e m a il.
2 Tower b lo cks are the best places to live.
3 You do n 't re a lly need to w o rry about y o u r health u n til your 30.
£ It s best to w o rk fo r one com pany a ll yo u r life.
5 Everyone should te a m at least tw o o th e r languages.
6 U n ive rsity education should be free fo r everyone
p Do you keep the microwav? and other Kitchen machines on p Please team to usea pressure cooker if you don't already, it tekes
standby? Does your refrigerator need to be so cold? Is your 90% less time to cook rice, vegetables and lentils than by taong.
dishwasher only halt full? it all wastes energy. p if your tap water is drinkable, don't drink botletf water. It just
P If you use light bulbs in your kitchen, change to low-energy bulbs. Increases the amount of plastic In the environment.
They waste less energy, heat up ttie place less and last longer. p Plan your shopping for food and kitchen supplies so you can get
II everyone changed to low-energy bulbs, the world would use everything in one trip if you share a car with friends, you'll have
4% less electricity. fun and save fuel.
p .Vhsn I’m ushg the oven, I bake two or three dishes together. p Grow as many green herts as possible They'll make your krtchen
For those with a small oven, if you prepare everythi-ng ahead of look nice, you can use them in cooking and they’ll also increase
time and bake the dishes one after the other you won’t have to the oxygen supply.
pre- neat the oven again.
P Solar heaters are very popular in the South of ndia and many new
buildings have Sherr If we get a tot of sunlight we shouldn't waste it*
e biggest problem we have today in »rate is the feeling Ek mere sc kya hogs7 (Hindi far ‘What different« will ow
ESOmmake?’} Bit if everyone thought like that, we wouldn’t change anything if we all managed our homes defter, our
ies would soon do cleaner and greener
a good idea7
a good idea but a lo t of people do it already? I th in k i t s a good idea not to
a good idea bu t d iffic u lt to do? keep m achines on standby, but
a w aste of tim e? I often forget to tu rn them off.
Imagine
GRAMMAR
a Read the two sentences. Then answer the questions.
Real and unreal
A if you share a car with frie n d s , y o u 'll have fun and save fueL
conditionals
8 If everyone changed to lo w -energy bulbs, th e w o rld w o u ld use 4% less electricily.
1 A re they about: a the past? b the pre se n t o r fu tu re ?
2 Which sentence means:
a the situ a tio n is possible (re a l conditional]
b th e situ a tio n is im aginary and probably won t happen (unreal co n d itio n a l!
b Complete the sentences in the table with th o u g h t, prepare, w on’t have and
w o u ld n 't change.
•: E > > You say If everyone shared a car. we would save fuel n o t If e w ryerre- w ould share a
/ > aQ rt-, -jvvcr
.IrJfc w
i l l Jot tl /. rf £/
W ^j a^ ^r1 Ar ft/tr
» H A -r .
c
1 1 m ig ht see Susan th is a fternoon. 'If 1 see / saw Susan, l*W / f'd give h e r y o u r m essage.’
2 1 don’t have a bike. *lf 1 have / had a bi ke, I 'll / I'd use it to get to work
3 He hate s exercise. H e 'll / He'd be a lo t h e a lth ie r if he does / did some exercise.'
A We m ig h t go to Spain in July. 'If we go / w e n t to Spain, we’l l /w e 'd visit A ndalusia firs t.'
5 You d o n 't have a com puter. if you have / had a com puter, yo u r life w ill / w ould be a lo t easier.'
6 S he 'll probably w o rk la te to n ig h t. If she w o rks / w orked late, s h e 'U /s h e 'd get a taxi hom e.'
b « E D L iste n to check. 0
Complete these sentences. Think about your situation, then choose the correct form.
1 If I h a v e /h a d tim e this w e e k e n d ...
I f I have tim e this weekend, I'll go and see that exhibition. (You probably have tim e.I
I f I had tim e this weekend, i ’d go and see that exhibition. (You don't have tim e.)
2 If I need / needed som e new clothes ...
3 If m y frie n d c a lls /c a lle d l a t e r ...
G r a m m a r r e fe r e n c e 4 If I change / changed jobs ...
an d p r a c tic e , p 1 4 6
5 If I can / could change one th in g in m y c o u n try ...
SPEAKING a N andita says, 'If we a ll managed o u r hom es b e tte r, o u r c itie s w ould soon be
c le a n e r and greener.' T h in k about m ore things people could do to reduce th e ir
mM everyone turned carbon fo o tp rin t:
H fe w n the*r healing c r • at hom e (healing, a ir conditioning, w aste .. I
l » r conditioning, w e’d • tra v e llin g (long-distance, fuel, pu b lic o r private tr a n s p o r t... I
■ ifs e less energy • shopping (local products, packaging, s e c o n d -h a n d ... I
• fre e -tim e a c tiv itie s i-cycling. w a lkin g I
• at w o rk Im achines. recycling, w o rk in g from hom e ... I
2 a Read the in fo rm a tio n . Match the pho to s 1-3 w ith th e places A-C on th e map.
It’s d ea r that this an.*a o f the country needs a bigger airport. The present
airport. very near Sandstown. is extremely important for business and for local
tourism, but everyone agrees that its to« small. It gets thousands o f passengers
every day, both from other cities in the country and from abroad, and this
number will probably increase by at least fifty percent an the next five years.
Some people think the best solution to this problem would be to make the
airport bigger by adding a new terminal. Others bel ieve that Sandstown Airport
should be cl used, and a new airpor. built further away fircim the town. The a* arc
two possible locations fora new airport: near the village of Sibley on the coast,
or on the road going through the Nature Reserve. Department o f Transport
officials are coming to- meet local people and to hear thear opinions ...
— -r -
I
EXPLORE
Keyword would
wo uses of would E xp re ssio n s w ith w o u ld
We use WOeld to ta lk a b o u t: Match sentences 1 -8 w ith ih e responses a -h .
• E D Then liste n to check. O
A im aginary th in g s in the pre se n t / fu tu re ;
I t ' i i>2 r e a lly nice re gee out of the c it y , unit 11 1 Can I take you ou t fo r dinner?
2 W ould you close th e w indow , ptease?
B h a b its in the past: 3 Let's eat and then go to the cinema.
When I was a l i t t l e g ir l, ve'd often swim in the A B ra n d o r Hotel. Can I help you?
pool. B» » 4 IJ 5 W e're going fo r a d rin k . Can you com e too?
6 W ould it be p o ssible to m e e t up to m o rro w ?
Which sen ten ces, 1 -5 . a re like A? Which a re like B ? 7 W ould you m in d lending me your dictionary?
8 How a b cu t coffee at three o clock ?
1 It w ould be a -good idea to ban m u sic in
s u p e rm a rke ts and o th e r pu b lic places. a Yes. I'd lik e to book a room , please,
2 The w orld w o u ld be a lo t ha p p ie r tf people b I'd love to. I 'll ju s t get m y jacket,
d id n 't have to w o rk so much. c I’d ra th e r m eet today if we can.
3 When I was a stu d e n t. I'd alw ays ge t a jo b in d Four w o jld be b e tte r fo r me
the summ er. e Yes. it is ra th e r cold,
4 1 th in k it w o uld be in te re s tin g to learn a n o th e r f That w o u ld be lovely!
language. g I'd p re fe r to go to the cinem a firs t,
5 I'd ö fte r sleep la te on Saturday m o rn in g s. h Sorry, but I'd ra th e r not, I'm using it now-
w hen I was a teenager.
In p airs, take tu rn s to say 1 -8 and re m e m b e r the
W rite fo u r sentences w h ic h are tru e fo r you, using responses in a -h .
the u n d e rlin e d w ords. In p airs, ta lk about yo u r
se n te n c e s.
Independent learning
How can you use these th in g s o u tsid e th e classroom
to im pro ve yo ur speaking? T a lk in groups.
In pairs, put M ig u e la 's and A s la n 's in s tru c tio n s in the c o rre c t order.
M ig u e la s idea
I] T h e n try to say everything at the sam e tim e as the recording.
D Read the scrip ts 3nd repeal each line a fte r the recording.
[ ] Listen to th e conversations on yo u r coursebook CD.
Aslan s idea
□ Plan w hat you w ant to say.
□ Check y o u r gram m ar. look up new word s and check
pronunciation.
J Listen and w rite dow n w hat you sasd.
H3 Listen and do steps 3 -5 again if necessary,
Ö P ractise again and th e n record yo u rs e lf again.
] Ret-uid yuur belt ^pedkiny
W hat do you th in k about th e ir ideas? W hat o th e r ways have A s.a n fnpn-i Turkey a nd Miguela from Sp ain
you trie d to im p ro ve y o u r speaking? talk about how they tried to improve their
speaking.
P 1
IMPLORI Speaking
Ca n you re m e m b e r th e a n sw e rs to th e se
Goal
use e xp ression s to soften o p in io n s and
disag ree m en ts
q u estion s? If you need help, look back at
th e text on p i 18.
5 a W ork alone. Choose tw o o r th re e to p ics and m ake notes about your op in io n s and reasons.
• a good place to live • in te re s tin g TV pro g ra m m e s o r film s • £ nice place to vis it
• a good tim e of ye a r to have a holiday • good places to shop
128
look again O
Review Extension
VOCABULARY E xpressing o p in io n s , re sp o n d in g | SPELLING AND SOUNDS-le , -e l, - a l, - u l h \ /
to opin io n s
1 1use it a easier.
2 1d o n ’t know b have one at home S e lf-a s s e s s m e n t
3 It m akes life c w ith o u t it.
Can you do these things in English ?:CircleJa number
& l have one but 1 d a ll the tim e.
on each line. 1 = I can’ t do this, 5 = I can do this well.
5 1d o n 't even e hardly ever use it.
6 I c o u ld n 't live f how to use them . express opinions n o n
have a discussion
b T h in k of d iffe re n t g a d g e ts you ow n such as:
ta lk about im aginary s itu a tio n s
• kitchen gadgets - cle a n in g gadgets take p a d in a m eeting m m
• e le ctro n ic dictionary o r o th e r study aids use e xp ression s to soften o p in ions and
» h a ird rye r, ele ctric shaver, etc. disagreem ents
I
C Talk about them , using sentences 1-6. • Fo r W ord cards., n t Ic ro rc c » a n d s a v in g y o u r w o rk * e- P o rtfo lio
• F o r m o r e p r a c t i c a - S « H -s ti* c fy P a c k . U m t 1«
i have a h a ird rye r bu t I h a rd ly ever use it.
Activities
Unit 1, p12, An unusual athlete su (student w
M ichelle Sung Wie
- (be) Korean-Amencan professional gnlfpr
- (be) b ora in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1989
- (begin) playing golf at the a g e of four
- (win) tw o major go]f tournam ents in Hawaii a t tihe age o f 11
- (becom e) a professional player a t 15
- (be) 185 cm tall and very strong
- (train) bard every day
- (w ant) to play in th e M asters one day
- (prepare) for a tournam ent at the moment
You don't want them to m ake the airport bigger b ecau se:
o the roads to and from the airport are too small and there's already too much traffic,
0 the only p ossible sp ace for a new terminal is a beautiful park near your home.
You think they should build a new airport further away from the town.
A nsw ers
1 I need my mobite phone w ith m e th e tim e la ll)
2 Piensa en m i' is m y favourite song o f t ime. la ll)
3 If you're busy to m o rro w , w e can m e e t tim e. (a nother]
& In 1969. man w a lke d on th e m oon fo r th e tim e (first)
5 I'm sorry l*U m iss the lunch. I hope y o u a good tim e (have)
6 Is this y o u r tim e in Canada? (first)
7 We p ro b a b ly a bit too m uch tim e s u rfin g th e In te rn e t (spend)
8 Would you m ind changing o u r a p p o in tm e n t? tim e is fine. (Any)
9 t need m y p a s s p o rt tim e I go on holiday. (everyl
T22
Unit 12. p99, TWo small countries 6a (student b >
T h e M a ld iv e s
You live in the village of Sibley You’ie going to have a m eeting w ith someone from th e government
who w ants to hear different people's opinions.
You don’t want them to build the airport near the village b e c a u se :
o too many people will w ant to move there, it will get too crowded and there win b e too much traffic.
0 tö llfists come to Sibley for th e peace and quiet.
"■I had e leven children, Life w a s n 't easy," says Rukmani fro m B id a r in
In d ia . "T here were days w hen we d id n 't have any food.
"W h e n m y children g o t m a rrie d and le ft h om e, I g o t a loan o f 200
rupees, and b o u g h t som e pieces of m etal fro m th e s to p w here m y
h usband w orked. We used th e m etal to m ake useful th in g s like
knives. Then we sold th e m and m ade a p ro fit.
’‘ W ith a second loan, I s ta rte d a email $hop, Now m y husband and I
w o rk to g e th e r in th e shop and m ake up to 100 rupees a day."
P
*
-
I
Mysteries.com
T h e P ir i R e is M a p
Everyone yawns - babies, children, So the traditional theory probably isn't yawning, and the number o f times they
teenagers; adult.« - bur the truth is that true. It also fails to answer a lot o f odier yawned in response was counted. It was
we don't completely understand why. questions. Why do some illnesses make found that the students yawned less
people yawn more? Why do Olympic often if they had something cold on their
Many people think that we yawn when
athletes sometimes yawn before a race? heads. People w-ho breathed through
we're dred or bored because our bodies
And what about group yawning', when their noses anotiieT way of cooling the
are trying to get more oxygen to the
people start yawning because they see brain - did not yawn at all.
b r a in . In 1B«7, Robert Provine from the
O Lh er people yawning?
University o f Maryland decided ro test So rt seems diat we yawn not when we’re
(Ills idea He asked groups o f students to One study suggests we yawn when our bored, but as a way o f cooling our brains
breathe different levels of oxygen for 30 brains are too hot. Yawning is simply a when we're tired or ill. 'Group yawning1
minifies, and counted how many rimes way o f cooling the brain and helping it to probably stalled many thousands of
they yawned. Tin* result? AH rhe students work belter. In the study, students were years ago. when it helped small gruups of
yawned about the same number of times. aslced to watch videos o f odier peopis people to concentrate and nonce dangers.
125
Unit 10, p87, Independent learning u
If yo u 're in an English-speaking country:
E veryday situations
1 Restaurants, airports, stations, post offices, ticket offices, etc.
- Plan w hat to *a y ahead of time. Look up useful words o r expressions.
Im agine w hat the other person might say a n d prepare answers.
2 Phone calls: m aking appointm ents, buying tickets, ordering food, etc.
- Do the same os 1. Think o f useful telephone expressions, then think
o f other useful language to use.
3 Announcements: airports, stations, etc.
- Practise listening to announcements. Try ro pick out key inform ation:
times, numbers, names, places.
The m edia
News on the television, ra d io o r In te rn e t the weather, sports, etc.
— Think abo ut o r look up w ords o r expressions for topics that are in the
news. Then w atch o r listen to the news.
O ther people
- Ask people to explain the m eanings o f interesting new w o rd s o r
expressions they use. Try to use them as soon as possible. J'■•.»
If y o u 're in your o w n country: 1 «
The m edio pr
1 N ew s on the Internet o r ra d io : the weather, sports, etc.
- Listen to o r read the news in yo u r o w n language first- Then listen to
the news in English. It w ill be easier to understand.
- Listen to the news on the Internet. W rite dow n new w ords fo r one
news item, lo o k them up, then listen to the news item again.
2. Films, TV shows
1
- W atch English-speaking films or TV shows w ith subtitles or dubb e d in 4o your language.
2
Then wafch them in English. Repeat. Each time the film o r TV show w ll be easier to understand
3
- C o p y the English subtitles for a short scene from the screen. Translate them into your ow n language.
Then listen to check.
3 5ongs
- Listen to songs to understand ih e main to p ic (love, etc.). Listen a g a in qnd w rite dow n as many w o rd s 05
possible. Try to guess Ihe story o r the singer's ideas. Then read the ly'ics to check.
S an M a rin o
Geography: In the Apennine Mountains in Italy. 61 km2. 33% the size o f Washington DC.
Population: 3 0 ,0 0 0
Language(s): Italian (official), Emiliano-Romagnolo
H istory: Founded over 2 ,3 0 0 years ago by Marinus of Rab (Croatia). The world's oldest
republic.
You don't want them to build th e airport in the reserve becau se:
6 the reserve has a lot of unusual biids and animals, w hich you can’Lfind anyw here else
in the country.
0 local people n e e d so m e w h e re q u ie t a n d beau tifu l w h e re th e y can spend tim e .
128
Ini! 10, p85, P la n and arraifl»® nts «#
© 0 Q _______________ • ________________ '_____________________ C D
Hi L e o n a rd o ,
I t w a s re a lly nic e to see y ou a g a in a ft e r s o m a n y y e a rs - an d g r e a t to c a tc h up o n a ll y o u r
n e w s . T h a n k s a g a in fo r a lo v e ly d in n e r. A n d th a n k y o u fo r th e flo w e rs - th e y 'r e b e a u tifu l!
I h o p e y o u had a g o o d flig h t h o m e a n d a re n o t to o tir e d . K eep in to u c h - a n d see y o u in M ay!
Min
R o le card 2
You are Ja k e Sand ers and you w ork for Find ajob.
Call CSP and:
o say you w an t to talk to Sara M oore. You w a n t to find out about an ex-em p loy ee, M eg an Simmons,
o le a v e your con tact details and a m e ssa g e .
Your phone num ber: 0443 657 234
Your em ail ad d ress: j. san d ers@ fin d ajob .com .au
SS« ü lasP
CONVERSATION 1 CONVERSATION 2
You're an a ssista n t in a sm all shop. Y ou're a visitor to a m useum .
Mysteries.com in
There are about 300 of these balls in Costa Rica. The first stone balls. . (discover) in the
jungles of Costa Rica in the 1930s. The balls are not natural objects. T h ey . (make) by
people in Central America a long time ago, but nobody knows for sure what th ey (use) for.
Som e of the balls are very small - ju st two centimetres - but others are more than two metres
across. W e (not / know) how old the balls are becau se most of th e m (move)
soon after th ey . . (find). They may be 500 years old, or more than 2000. In Costa Rica,
the s to n e s ____ . (call) L a s B o la s .
129
Unit 9, p74, Why do we do it? 3b (student c>
The human eye produces three kinds of Why do emotional tears have a different Women usually have about twice as much
tears. Basal tears are produced all die chemistry from other tears? Why do we prolactin in their bodies as men. and diis
lim e to keep our eyes wet and help us cry at all? There seem to he nvo answers may explain why women cry more often
to see. Reflex tears clean our eyes when to these questions. than men.
we get din in them or. for example, chop
First, wiien we feel very strung odu Irnis Tin* secund .reason for ciyiug is iu
onions. Emoilonai tears are produced
like extreme sadness or happiness;, our com municate withuiher people. Babies
when we're very sad or happy, or in
bodies make a lot of extra chemicals ca n t speak, so they use crying to tell
great pain. Interestingly, emotional
and hormones. Then, when we cry. our people when t hey’re hungry, frightened.
tears contain a lot o f chem icals find
emotional tears take these chemicals and so on. As adidts. we cry iess often but
hormones which we don’t lind in the
and hormones out o f our bodies. This we probably civ for the sam e reasons: to
other kinds of tear.
may be why people sometimes say that show people that w ere in physical or
Basal and reflex rears are certainly useful, they “feel better' after crying. One o: the em otional pain, and that we need hcJp.
but why do we produce emo tionai tears? hormones in emotional tears is prolactin.
I was only three years old when Apollo 11 landed on the moon, but my father got
I
me out of bed because he wanted me to remember it To this day. can remember
watching the *fuzzy pictur es coming from the moon and I can Veca IIgoing outside and
trying to see the astronauts! J.Tims
You g o to Sandstown to m eet people and hear their opinions. You organise a m eeting with
three people:
o someone who lives near the airport in Sandstown.
0 someone who lives in the village of Sibley.
© someone who works at the Naruie Reserve
c h ic k e n curry herbs la s a g n e
■
potatoes prawns rice salmon SOUp s te a k to m a to e s
Unit 3, p32, 13
V e rb s f o r coo'kirvg
131
Grammar reference and practice
Present simple, past simple,
be able to, can present progressive
MEANING MEANING
B » You say I would tove to be able to play it again not IvrotHd You can use the present simple to talK about things that are
fove lo cary play it -ogam. always true, or happen a ll the time.
I live in Frankfort m Germany.
You use can and be able to to talk about activities that you
I play tennis wi;h my sister every weekend
know how to do. They have the same meaning
You can use the past simple to talk about things that are in the
You only use can in the present simple past and finished.
/can play the steel drum.
When I was fifteen,! decided to be a doctor
You u se could fo r th e past sim p le an d conditional. I studied for seven years.
She could play the piano /Men stie was a chiCd. You can use the present progressive io talk about things
My däd could help us if he has time.
happening now. or around now-
You use be able to for the infinitive and all other verb forms. Sorry. I can ?go out now. I'm waiting fora phone calL
I would tike to be able to listen to Calypso- I'm reading a realty interesting boo* about the history of Turkey.
fn a few years s/>e will be able to play like a professional.
FORM
FORM
present simple past simple present
You don t use !o after can or could.
progressive
Li can smell the flowers when she rides her bike.
Her dad could nde a bike too. © Where do you What did you What are you
live? study? waiting for?
You use to after be able.
She wanted to be able to nde a horse so she took riding fessens. 1live in 1studied Im waiting fora
O
Frankfurt. medicine. phone call.
PRONUNCIATION
Be careful how you say the different forms. © 1don't Iwe in 1didn't study J'm not waiting
Berlin. languages. for you
When can is stressed it is pronounced lean-, which sounds l ike
man. When can is not stressed in the sentence, you say 'ken.'. r> Do you play Did you have a Are you
tennis’ good weekend’ ■listening to me?
Can't /kam t/ has a long a', like the ar' in car Make sure you
say the last letter t clearly. Yes, I do. Yes, 1did. Yes. 1am.
Gr
Don't say the I in -could /kud/. It rhymes with stood.
O No. 1don't. No. 1didln't Wo. I'm not.
PRACTICE
R e m e m b e r:
1 Complete the sentences with the correct fo r m o f can , (1) In the present simple, verbs wi th he I she f it have s or es.
could or be able to. Where does he Uve? He lives In Frankfurt. He doesn't live in Berlin.
1 you play any instruments’ No. I Does he play tennis 7 Yes. he does. No. be doesn't.
2 Li n o t n d e a m o lo r b ik e u n li l s h e le a rn e d
12) In the past simple, some verbs are regular and others are
la s t year.
irregular.
3 Sho hopes to nde her motorb ike around the
Regular.ptay splayed decde > decided study ■>studied
city soon.
Irregula r: be > was / were have > had go > went
£ Cameron and James w ill buy the tickets
to m o rro w . 13) In the present progressive, you C3r> make negatives in two
2 a P u t th e w ords in o rd e r to m a k e questions. w ays.
132
PRONUNCIATION FORM
Question words and main verbs usually have stress have / has 4 past participle.
• ■ » •
Where do you ffve? I live i n Frankfurt !,. you . w e . the y he. she. i t
B u t in n e g a tiv e s e n te n c e s a n d s h o r t a n s w e rs , d o / d id / b e o r
o I'v e s e e n a llA lm o d ö v a r s O S he s v is ite d m o re th a n
n o t a ls o ha ve stress..
film s . tw e n ty c o u n trie s .
• • m 9 m
f d id n t s tu d y la n g u a g e s - Your a r e n 't lis te n in g to rns.
• • • » Q W e h a v e n 't m e t J a n e 's Q He hasn~t d o n e g
Yes. he does No, I'm not. husband. c o m p u te r c o u rs e .
W e 'v e n e v e r m e t J a n e 's H e‘s n e ve r u se d a
PRACTICE husband. c o m p u te r.
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb.
Q H a ve th e y b e en to Ja p a n ? Q H as h e ta k e n h is d riv in g
1 Why don't you call Alain now"? He usually finishes Y es. th e y have. tes$?
[finish| work early on Fridays. Yes. he ha s.
N o . th e y h a v e n ’t
2 It Irainl all day yesterday so we
N o . h e h a s n 't.
(decide) to stay at home.
3 Ahmed _ (not work! Today. He’s ill. C o n tra c tio n s :
£ I _ Inot drivel, so I usually walk to places when O I’ve s I h a v e you ve = yo u haue w e 'v e = w e ha ve
I can. or get buses. th e y 'v e = th e y have
5 I Is e e l H e le n a in to w n y e s te rd a y . A n d g u e s s h e 's * he h a s s h e 's = s h e h a s it ’ s = it h a s
what’ She (get) married last month.
6 Can we rnake something vegetanan? Pam O h a v e n 't = h a v e n o t
h a s n 't = h a s n e t
I not eat) meat.
7 Sorry. Petra Italkl to a client at the moment. S o m e p a s t p a rtic ib te s a re r e g u la r a n d en d in -ed. T h e y 're th e
Can you phone back later? s a m e as th e p a s t s im p le .
8 When I (be) a child, we _ (not have! a lot like .> liked smoke > smoked visit > visited
of money, so W£ (not go) to restaurants.
S o m e p a s t p a rtic ip le s a re ir r e g u la r b u t the s a m e a s th e p a s t
2 a C o m p le te th e q u e s tio n s w ith do, does, did o r are. s im p le .
1 How often do you cook for more than two people? buy > bought have » had meet > /net
7 W hen _ y o u have y o u r f j r s t E n g lis h le s s o r ?
S o m e p a s t p a r tic ip le s a r e ir r e g u la r a n d d iffe re n t fro m th e p a s t
•3 What tame you usually go to bed?
s im p le , T h e y o t t e r e n d w ith n.
4 What _ you doimg at work these days?
eat > ste > eaten do > did > done see > saw > seen
5 Where you get your watch’
6 H ow y o u m e e t y o u r o ld e s t fr ie n d '’ 5 e e Irregular verbs o n p i 75.
7 How often it snow in your home town?
8 How many books you reading at the moment’ PRONUNCIATION
You u s u a lly s tre s s th e p a s t p a rtic ip le .
b Ask and answer the questions.
You don't usually stress have / has in positive sentences and
questions.
f've seen 111 A lm odw ar s films. Has he m it Jane?
•' v t Sten to Tokyo lour yedrzr-agv. i went to Tokyo four years ago 9 Yes, I vrent th e r e in 2 0 0 6 . 1g o ]
I'W s w * Ja n e la*! week. I saw Jane la st week. 2 a H a ve you a n y B ra z ilia n film s ?
s Yes, I've City o f God- Is e e l
You c a n u s e e v e r in q u e s tio n s a n d n e g a tiv e s E v e r m e a n s ‘ in 3 a H a v e you e ve r a n y th in g c re a tiv e ?
m y / y o u r w h o le life ' s W e ll. I s o m e s h o r t s to n e s a fe w y e a rs a g o .
Have you e v e r beer to Japan 7 (w rite )
J haven't ewer been to Germany. U l H a v e you a n y c o m p u te r c o u rs e s 7
b Yes, I o n e o n v /e b d e s ig n w h e n I w a s a
s tu d e n t. Id o l
& k W h a t la n g u a g e s ha ve you
& W e ll, I E n g lis h a n d G e rm a n a t s c h o o l, (stu d y)
d k H a ve you e v e r a p o litic ia n 7
s Y e s .f m y lo c a l p o litic ia n Last year, (m e e tl
b A s k th e q u e s tio n s a n d g iv e y o u r o w i a n s w e rs .
Present perfect 2 - with for and
since Nouns with prepositional phrases
MEANING MEANING
E » You say I've worked here since 2008 not hnerk we* You can use prepositional phrases to give extra nformation
ZUl/u. about nouns.
You can also use the present perfect to talk about situations Let's go to the nesfauranf. Which restaurant? The restaurant in
which began in the past and continue in the present, the town centre.
fve lived here for ten years I'd like the sated. Which salad7 The sated .nth blue cheese
I haven't eater since breakfast Can you give me my book? Which boo l:? The book or> the table.
Be caref ul not to confuse for and ago. For is used w ith the FORM
present perfect and ago with the past simple.
P re p o s itio n a l p h ra s e s ca n 9 0 a f t e r a lo a n .
Janet joined tt>e arm y three years ago.
noun prepositional phrase
Margaret has studied music for three years.
Let's go to the restanrant in the town tentre
FORM AND PRONUNCIATION Adjectives usually go before a noun.
Be careful when you pronounce since s in t adjective noun
Also see Present perfect 1 on p!33. Lets go to the Italian restaurant.
You can use adjectives and prepositional phrases together
PRACTICE adjective nour. prepositional phrase
1 a Add for or sir :: to these sente nces. Let's go to the Italian restaurant in the town centre.
since prepositional phrase
1 My parents have lived i n the same bouse /\ they got next to the cinema.
married.
2 My m u m s ^ a d th e s a m e h a ir s ty le a b o u t fifte e n years. PRONUNCIATION
3 I’ve had the same computer five years.
You usually stress the nouns, not the prepositions.
A T h e r« h a e n t b e e n a n y s n o w in m y c o u n try 2 0 0 8
• • •
5 l ye known my best friend school. The restaurant in the town centre.
6 M y b r o th e r s w o r k e d a t th e s a m e c o m p a n y h e le ft The salad with blue cheese.
university. • ■
The book on the table.
b Make the sentences true fo r you Then compare with
a partner. You usually say ttie prepositions of. for and to as /av/. /fa / and
/to / in sentences.
2 Complete the sentences w ith the verbs >n brackets in
the present perfect, present simple or past simple. PRACTICE
1 Lui s (havel that ca r since he was 18. 1 Complete the sentences with from, in, on o r with.
2 Pierre Itakel his driving test a week ago. 1 C h u rra sco is grilled meat with salt and garlic.
3 They o fte n ___________ (go! to work by tube, 2 This is Rajieev. mySnend work.
4 I Iwantl to work in advertising for a 3 Let's go to the coffee s h o p ______the corner
■long time. L I u s u a lly h a v e m y t e a m ilk .
5 Craig (work) here since 2001 5 The food that supermarket is cheap
6 W e ____________Imeetl when I was studying to 6 Thecirä blonde hair is my sister
b e c o m e a d o c to r 7 Do ycu know the man . the grey suit7
8 He has a hou se a small garden.
9 T h e h o te l th e h i l l has a g re a t v ie w .
10 The m arket______ the town centre is good for
fr e s h f r u it.
2 a P u t th e w o rd s in o r d e r t o m a k e s e n te n c e s .
1 in re d w in e s a u c e / s o u n d s n ic e / S t e a k
Steak in red Wi n? sauce sounds nice.
2 with potatoes / is / Grilled salmon / my favourite dish .
3 today / 1he cheese plate / Do you have / with frui t
bread ?
L tomato / is / The soup of the day / with basil
5 fre s h fr u it s a la d J I'd ti ke th e / f o r d e s s e rt, p le a s e /
with cream .
6 with m ilk and sugar / please / two coffees / Can we
have ?
b What do you think of the dishes and drinks in 2a‘J Would
you order them in a restaurant?
G ra m m a r r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
4 FORM
135
■
Gra
5 PRACTICE
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of c a n or
have to, can have tc, pcsrtiye o r negative.
1 Is th e re a ca sh m ach in e n e a r h e re? I have to get
MEANING
some money.
Use have to lo say that something is necessary I now. in the 2 Can I make myself a cup of coffee?* "Of course you
future or in gene rat |. can. You ask."
Sorry, but I have to go now. My taxis waiting (or me. Inowl 3 W h e re I liv e , y o u _ b u y a n y th in g a f t e r 5 .0 0 p m .
I have to get up ar five o'clock tomorrowmormng My train leaves A41 th e sh o p s a re c lo s e d .
at ten past six. |in th e fu tu re ) i* Carlo's not coming lo work this morning. He
On a normal wotxmg day I have to be at the office before nine- go to the doctor’s.
thirty. (in gc-nerall 5 O K, I can h e a r y o u ! You s h o u t!
E » You s a y They don't have to mske groups o f fivupeople no! 6 P eop le think P o u n d 's a cold country, but w in iiiie rs in-
Thejrh&nzn ‘r to rr'skc g roups-» f -five pe&p!r*. Poland b e really h o l.
7 Our company likes its employees to dress smartly. You
Use don’ t / doesn't have to to say something is not necessary. W ear je a n s , a n d m e n _ w e a r a tie .
Please start eating, you don't have io wait forme 8 Sorry, I______meet you for lunch tomorrow, I
Use Do / Does with have to to ask questions go to work.
Do we have to wnte the essay for tomorrow? 2 a Put the words in order to make questions.
Use can io say that something is possible (now. in the future or 1 do / gel up / have to / on / a typical day / What time /
in generali you ?
You d l ) use my phone if you vsant. I now) What time do you have to get up on a Cypicaf day?
We can meet again next weekend if you have time. (;n the future) 2 Can f manage / online / yo u / y o u r / b a n k a c c o u n t 7
You can pay your phone bill at the pest offtce or on the Internet. 3 a t w e e k e n d s / d o / h a v e to / H o w o fte n / w o r k o r
I in general) s tu d y / you 7
I ch ild r e n / in y o u r c o u n tr y / d o / go / h a v e to / H o w
Use can i to say something is not possible.
m a n y y e a rs / to s c h o o l 7
f 'd to buy a fist but I can t get a loan from the bank.
5 join / pecpLe / in your country / Dan ) thp arm y /
FORM when / t hey're 16 ?
6 Do / English / ever / have to / for / your w ork or
I. you, we. they he. she. it s t u d ie s / u s e / y o u ?
7 do / tfo / nave to / tomorrow / Wha I things / you ?
ö 1have to go now. Alain has to get up early 8 go / students/in your country/to university /w ith o u t
tomorrow. paying / Can 7
0 1don't have to go Rebecca doesn't have to get up
until ten. until nine. b Discuss thequestionSr
0 Do you have lo go so Does Rebecca have to work
soon? tomorrow?
6 Yes. I do. Yes. she does.
0 No, 1don’t. No. she doesn't.
PRONUNCIATION
You usually stress have / has but not to. Have to and has to are
often p ro n o u n c e d /’ha efto /an d / ‘ haista/.
I ha'/e to go.
6 PRONUNCIATION
You usually stress more and adjectives. You don't stress than
Comparing things and - er You say /dan/ and h i .
• * • • > • •
MEANING This camera's more expensive than my old one
• 5 a « a •
It's harder working a! home than in an office.
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday
You usually stress mosl and adjectives You dcn‘t stress the
rare
□ & -c
J U rc
J m
Q and -est. You say /da/ and /ist/.
• a •
•
• •
Tnrs is the most comfortable room in my fldL
am
•
13?
FMEANING
m m a r r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
would rather
You c a n u se both m ight and may to s a y you 're not su re ab o u t
so m eth in g .
a 5/73« we have 3 barbecue tomorrow 7
e I’m not sure. It m ight/m ay rain, (future)
E» You sa y I'd ra th e r have a n ic e r p ool th a n a sauna not
a Wheres Irina 7
b I (ton t know. $ne m ig h t / m a y be m a m eeting. |now)
Real conditionals 8
MEANING some and any
You can us« re al conditionals to do a lot of different things.
For example: MEANING
I f y o u w a n t to v/si t th is c o u n try , y o u have to g e t a visa. You use some and any with plural nouns when you don't need
(giving informationl to say exactly how many.
If you re interest Bd in hälfet, you must see Cartes Acosta. / need to buy some apples. 1= more than one apple!
'recommending something! I don 't need to buy any apples. (= more thar one apple!
If you re not feeling well, you can go heme. I'd like an apple, please. (= one apple i
(g iv in g p e rm is s io n ! I don't like apples. 1= apples in general)
If you ve worked here for rive years, you should as k for a pay rise.
You also u s e sonne and any w ith u n c o u i iL»i>le n o u n s w h e n you
Igcving advice / your opinion?
say e x a c tly hov^ m u c h
d o n 't n e e d to
I l i I see Jeff tomorrow. 111 give- him your phone number.
We have to get some milk.
(making a promise!
Can you give me sotfe help?
In all these sentences, the speaker feels that Ihe situation in We haven t go r any ten.
Ihe if part of the sentence {If you want [q visit this country... , Do you need any help?
l« tc .l is real or possible.
CORM You usually use some «n positive sentences and any in. negative
ditional sentences have two parts: sentences
I'd like some coffee, please.
I-clause main clause
Sorry,, we den t have any ceffee.
fit rains tomorrow, w e'tlstayat home.
In questions we often use any.
i can reverse the two parts. In this case you don t usually
Do you have any milk?
ite a comma (.).
But you use Some in questions when you e»pect The answer
arn Clause //-clause
"yes . or when yg-i/d like the ömbwer to be 'yes"
t'il stay home if Hiding tomorrow.
Would you tike some milk? (= an offer)
PRONUNCIATION Can I have some m ilk? 1= a request?
13«
ivnmar r e f e r e n c e a n d p ra c ti
Passives PR A C T IC E
1 P u t th e w o rd s in o r d e r t o m a k e p a s s iv e s e n te n c e s .
MEANING 1 a go J this b ill / sent / two weeks / was .
C o m p a re These s e n te n c e s : 2 in / the 3reas Wall of China / the 6th century BC /
Alessandro Volta invented the electnc battery fa 1800. started i w a s .
lactive) 3 are / these offices / every morning / cleaned ?
In this sentence, the w riter is most i nterested jn Alessandro U invented / Alexander Bell / the telephone / b y / was.
Volta. The sentence could be from an article about Volta's life. 5 lost J m y S is te r's / b o o k s / in th e p o s t / w e re .
6 radium t Maria Sktodowska-Curie / discovered / was /
The electnc battery w a s invented in 1800
by.
I passive I
7 iw o th ir d s / w it h w a t e r / co ve re d I o f th e E a rth / is .
In this sentence, the w riter is most interested in the electric
8 John F. Kennedy/killed / in D a lla s /w a s /in 1?63 .
battery. The sentence could be from an article about the
history of the battery 2 Complete the sentences with the active 0 r p assive,
present orpast. Use these verbs.
You c a n u s e b y to s a y w h o d o e s / d id th e a c tio n in a p a s s iv e
sentence. Duild gi-vc include drink
The e J e c tric b a tte ry w a s in v e n te d b y A le s s a n d ro ViQl(a if? 18QQ.
1 a This house by my grandparents,
But often you don't use by because you don't know who did the b My g randparents th is house.
action, or it s no: important. 2 a Where I live, the rent gas and electricity
Two h u n d re d b ik e s a r e s to le n in t h i s n t y e v e ry w eek.
b Where I live, gas and electricity in the rent.
D id you hear ? Mike was ottered a job yesterday. 3 a This necklace tome by* my husband
b My husband me this necklace.
FORM
L 3 Abou: a bitlion cans of Coca -Cola every day
You always make passives with be * past participle. b People about a billion cans of Coca-Cola
every day.
Present simple passive Past simple passive
a m /is/a re -*-p a st participle W a s / w e r e +- p a s t p a r tic ip le
Ö T h e y ’ ro m a d e o f g la s s . It w a s in v e n te d in 1020.
O They aren't made o f It w a s n 't in v e n te d in the
p la s tic . 1 8 th c e n tu ry .
Ö A rethey made of Was it invented in the 19th
glass? century?
& Yes.t hey a re . Yes, it w a s .
O No. they a r e n 't. No. it w a s n 't.
PRONUNCIATION
You usually stress the past participle.
You don't usually stress be in positive sentences and questions.
• ■? * •
i t w as m a d e in Cfitna. W as i t m a d e in Chrna?
1 T h e In te rn e t's no t w o rk in g .
PRONUNCIATION
See U n it 2 P re s e n t p e rfe c t 1 on p i 33.
1 C o m p le te th e s e n te n c e s w ith th e s e v e rb s in th e p re s e n t
p e rfe c t.
1 A h, v o u Ve done th e w a s h in g up . T h a n k s v e ry m u c h .
2 C o n g ra tu la tio n s ! Y o u ________a tw o -w e e k h o lid a y in
Kyoto.
; 3 J itk a 's a b it sad today. H e r c a t _______ju s t
4 H appy b irth d a y ! W e _______ you a cake .
5 I c a n 't fin d m y keys. I'm s u re I _______th e m to d a y, b u t
I d o n 't k n o w w h e re !
6 Oh no! I _ _ _ _ _ m y e c o n o m ic s exa m . I 'l l have to do it
a g a in in J a n u a ry .
7 T he p o lic e a re lo o k in g fo r G reg, b u t I th in k h e _
th e c o u n try .
8 I a b o u t 40 e m a ils today. I n e v e r w a n t to see a
c o m p u te r a g a in !
10 Future plans and arrangements
Does it have... P MEANING
be going to and the present progressive
MEANING You can use be going to to talk about people’s personal ideas
:X D ^ You say Does the hotel have a swimming pool7 not H» - and plans for the future
in * :h otel a sw im m ing poM? I'm going to haw a day off tomorrow.
You use have to express possession, relationships and states. He s going io start his own company next year.
L e o n a rd o h a s a ro o m /n th e h o te l f o r th re e n ig h ts . You can use the present progressive to talk about future
Jose doesn't have any family in Kuala Lumpur. arrangements that have been made with othor people or with
Do you have a problem? You look worried. organisations (companies, schools, airlines, clubs . I
I'm meeting Leonardo Barreiros at 2.0Gpm tomorrow afternoon.
H a v e is a ls o use d to e x p re s s a c tio n s
We re going to Greece in May
Do you haven rest after lunch? Hare you 9 restafter lunch 0
Eduardo doesn't have a swim every morning. Sometimes the difference between b t yuing to and Um pr «sera
progressive is important.
You c a n u s e have to m e a n e a t, d r in k , e n jo y .
Did Min Atig hare lunch at Me hotel?
I'm getting mar'ied next week, lit s an arrangement with
Carmen didn t have coffee for breakfast
someone else)
They alt had a good time at the office party.
But often the d fference is very small.
FORM I'm going to visit my sister next month, (it s my plan ...)
Use the auxiliary verb do w ith have in questions and negatr/e I'm visiting my sister next month. (... and I've arranged it with
te r m s . my sister)
In short answers you only repeat the auxiliary verb. do. I Ü » You say What are you doing on fnday evening? not Whot
“ Do you have change of a £50ff note?" 'No. I'm afraid I d o n 't' do yctrdo cn Frro&y ereft>ng'1
present simple
When have refers to possession, relationships and states, you
You use the present simple for fixed events in the future
can use have got.
timetables I bus. train, etc.) and schedules (fliqhts. classes. etcL
Leonardo has got & room in the hutci lor three nights
My flight leaves at 3.65 tomorrow afternoon.
Jose hasn't got any family in Kuala Lumpur.
Tonight's class s ta r ts a t 7.00 and ends al 8.30.
Have you got a problem? You took worried
am l i s t are
For questions with have got, don t repeat got in the short answer You can also ta k about the future in simple sentences with
Have you got sny appointments today?" Tes. / have. ‘ am / is / are and:
Have got is not often used in the past. - adjectives like free, busy. home, away. back, Im away next week
D id y o u have any tim e to go s ig h ts e e in g ? H ad y m s g o t a n y ttm e to - expressions with in, an. at. etc. I’m at a conference
go ttgbiseetns? You usually use time expressions with aLl the above forms.
Do not use have got in progressive forms. For example: tomorrow afternoon, at 7.00, next m onth...
PRONUNCIATION FORM
You s a y h a v e as /haev/ in th e s tro n g fo r m a n d /h a v / o r o v / in be going to
th e w e a k fo rm U se b e g o in g to w it h th e in fin itiv e .
M a k e s u r e y o u p u t y o u r to p te e th o n y o u r b o tto m lip f o r th e •x t 0 A re y o u g o in g t o se e h e r O 1 m g o in g to s e e h e r o n
in h a v e : d o n o t s a y it as a /tv . a g a in 7 m y n e r t t r ip to M a la y s ia .
Ö res, i Ö I m n o t g o in g to s e e h e r
PRACTICE th is m o n th .
G M o. I'm n o l.
1 C o r r e c t th e m is ta k e in e a c h s e n te n c e .
Present progressive, the present simple
1 Have you got a shower o r a bath in the mornings'5 See U n it 1 P re s e n t s im p le , p a s t s im p le , p r e s e n t p r o g r e s s iv e
2 " H a s C a ro lin a g o t a fla t in L o n d o n ? " "Yes, s h e h a s on p!32
g o t."
3 J o s e d o e sn 't have g ot m uch sp a re tim e. PRONUNCIATION
4 Had you got any p roblems with you r p assport? be g o in g to
5 Did you have got air conditioning in your hotel? You usually stress going and th e in fin itiv e . You say t o w :th a
6 H a s th e c a fe w i- f i a c c e s s ?
schwa, M
i'm going to sees him with Leonardo on Saturday.
In negative sentences and short answers, you also stress be.
■ • » ■ • • •
We anen i going to ha ve a holiday this year.
a a a a
Yes. lem. Ibut notice: No. i'm nor I
In fast speech you often say going to without s t r e s s , a s /g ano;
« * *
We re gonna watch a film tonigtir.
Present progressive, present simple
See Unit 1. Present simple, past simple, present progressive
on p i32.
------------
G ra m m a r r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
PRACTICE PRACTICE
1 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. 1 Complete the conversations with would o r wouldn't.
Use be going to or the present simple. Use contractions where possible.
1 When your tr a in ? [arrivel 1 * I ^_lcve to apply fo rth a t new job in the IT
2 W h a t yo u _ _ th is , s u m m e r ’ Id a j department,
3 I my essay this weekend, (finish) s So. why don't you?
U I th in k th e Ia s i b u s _ 3t 11 .30 p m . [le a v e j a Well, 1don't think the boss _ be very happy
5 We fr ie n d s o f o u rs in B o m b a y th is s u m m e r. about t. What you do?
(v is itl a I worry about the boss, Tf you want the job.
6 The meeting _ at 2.30 3s usuaL IstartJ go for t.
2 a We're thinking about moving to Hampden.
2 Complete the sentences with the present progressive -or
b Really7 I’ m surprised I want to be so far
the present simple. Use these verbs.
Trom the town centre.
go phone be away get h*v£ be in a Well. I've got a car
b Yeah, but you want to drpve everywhere'7
1 W e 're having a p a r ty f o r M a rg a re t n e x t W e d n e s d a y.
Tknow I ___
2 L to the hairdresser this afternoon at 3.00.
3 Wo _ a eat this weekend. The children are really 2 Complete the sentences with wou: i or wouldn't and one
excited of these verts.
A We _ from home next week.
be help invite look piay spend want
5 I h e r th is e v e n in g a ro u n d 6 .0 0.
6 I checked h»$. schedule. He _ Paris tomorrow. 1 1 d play football this weekend but I ve gat a problem
with my knee
FORM
Use would with the infinitive without to.
Ö it would have a big garden.
Q If wouldn't be in a big city
© Would it have a swimming pool*5
<5 Yes. it would.
O No. it wouldn't.
Contractions:
I d you'd he'd she'd it'd we'd Ihey d
PRONUNCIATION
You usually stress the infinitive. You don’t usually stress would
m positive sentences and questions.
• • • m
H o w iw u td you find a new job?
■ • • •
I'd have to move to a new city.
But you stress would in negative sentences and short answers.
• *
It wouldn 't be easy.
• i * ■
Yes. it would. No. it wouldn't
143
Vert) patterns
most, the most L e a n in g „änd f o r m
■You say I w a n t you to h e lp m e n o t / w a n t that-you h e lp m e .
W h e n you a s k /w a n t s o m e o n e to do s o m e th in g , use an o b je c t
© H G ^> You say M o st p e o p le use Ita lia n a n d L a tin n o t The-m o s t p ro n o u n o r a n o un and th e in fin itiv e w ith to. D o n 't use th a t.
pe ople-v s e Ita lia n and-L a tin .
The te a c h e rw a n ts the s tu d e n ts to p ra c tis e speaking.
M o s t m e a n s the m a jo rity o f o r a lm o s t a ll. M y g ra n d m o th e r w o u ld lik e m e to c a r ry h e r case.
M o s t p e o p le enjoy spe n d in g tim e w ith th e ir fam ily. C la ra ne e d e d h e r a s s is ta n t to book the m e e tin g room.
The p o lic e m a n to ld th e m to m ove the car.
W e u se th e m o s t in s u p e rla tiv e s to say m o re th a n a n y o n e o r
a n y th in g e lse. W h e n yo u a s k /w a n t s o m e o n e no t to do s o m e th in g , pu t n o t
W ho's g o t the m o s t m oney? b e fo re th e in fin itiv e w ith to .
The m o s t im p o rta n t w o rk s o f a r t are in the Vatican. M a rg a rita to ld m e n o t to open the window .
J o rd i's frie n d a ske d h im n o t to be late.
PRACTICE
1 C o m p le te th e s e n te n c e s w ith m o s t o r th e m o s t.
o f m y frie n d s s p e a k E n g lis h .
It w a s _______ in te re s tin g film I've s ee n fo r a lo n g tim e . In fin itiv e s w ith to
S p a n is h p e o p le lik e g o in g to th e b e ach in You can use an in fin itiv e w ith to (to go, to have, etc.):
s u m m e r. 1 a fte r a d je c tiv e s
W h a t's _______ a m a z in g e x p e rie n c e y o u 'v e e v e r had? I'm h a ppy to say y o u ’ve p a ssed the test.
in te llig e n t s c ie n tis t of th e la s t c e n tu ry w a s A re you re a d y to go?
E in s te in . C o m m o n a d je c tiv e s w ith th e in fin itiv e : d iffic u lt, easy, fre e ,
h a rd , ready, lu n ja b le , sorry.
2 a ft e r s o m e v e rb s
I w a n t to go ho m e now.
W e've d e cid e d to m ove house.
S o m e c o m m o n v e rb s w ith th e in fin itiv e a re : agree, d e c id e ,
You say He was b o m in H a w a ii n o t ; hope, le a rn , need, o ffe r, p la n , p ro m ise , w ant, w o uld like.
You u se th e pa ssive v e rb be b o rn to ta lk a b o u t w h e n s o m e o n e G e ru n d s
o r s o m e th in g s ta rts to e xist. You can use g e ru n d s [going, having, etc.):
1 a ft e r p re p o s itio n s
N ow adays, m o s t o f the w o rld 's p o p u la tio n is b o rn in d e velopin g
You can s ta r t by doing som e lig h t exercises.
c o u n trie s .
You can le a rn a lo t fro m w a tch in g television.
W hen you ta lk a b o u t y o u r d a te o r p la c e o f b irth , you use th e
p a s t s im p le . 2 a fte r s o m e v e rb s
L a ura w as b o rn on 25th D ecem ber. I p ra c tis e d p la y in g the pian o every day w hen I was a kid.
Have you fin is h e d p a in tin g the w a ll y e t?
The tw in s w e re b o rn in B arcelona.
S o m e c o m m o n v e rb s w ith th e g e ru n d a re : c a n ’t stand,
d is lik e , d o n 't m in d , enjoy, fin ish , m iss, p ra c tis e , suggest.
PRACTICE
C o m p le te th e s e n te n c e s w ith th e c o r re c t fo r m o f be b o rn . You can use a d ic tio n a ry to c h e c k w h e th e r v e rb s are fo llo w e d
by an in fin itiv e w ith to o r a g e ru n d .
1 M a ny m u ltir a c ia l b a b ie s in big c itie s n o w a d a ys.
2 My p a r e n t s in th e 1920s.
3 P e d ro on 2 9 th F e b ru a ry 1984.
4 W h e n a baby . ., its b irth m u s t be re g is te re d .
PRONUNCIATION m » You say ! used to go to (he gym after work n ot H zsrttrgo
With infinitives. you usually stress the verb but not to. You can
say Co A a/. You can only use used to the past but not in the present-
• J • • |
I w a n t to g o h o m e now. To talk about habits in the present use the adverb usually and
the present simple.
With gerunds, you usually stress the first part of the verb but My friends usually come round at weekends. My friends vse-to
not -ing. round at wreeifflftt?:
You ca n le a rn 3 lo t fro m w a tc h in g te le v is io n . 1 usual ly do my homework on Sundays.
PRACTICE
FORM
1 ^»rclethe correct form, the gerund or infinitive with to.
used to /w o u iö - infinitive
1 I promise bei ng / to be on time tomorrow
2 You can memorise the words by repeating / to rep car 0 What did you j s o to do? 0 Whai would you do
them. O I used to play footbalL on Saturdays?
3 The police asked seeing / to see my passport. O I didn't use to play football. / O We d play footbalL
u I have to go to the dentist's gelling f to get my teeth I never used 10 play football. O We wouldn't play
checked. Inerer is often used as the football.
5 I really want passing f to pass my driving test. negative) Q Would you play
6 You should always get insurance before going / to go id Did you use tc play football? football?-
on holiday. G» Yes. 1drd. G Yes. 1woutd.
7 I can t stand driving / to drive to work when there s a 0 No. 1 didn't. O No. 1wouldn’t.
lot of traffic.
8 Are you ready going / to go?
PRONUNCIATION
2 a Complete the sentences with the correct form of Ihe
You usually stress used in used to. You d o i t normally stress
verbs in brackets, the gerund or the infinitive w ith to .
would in sentences.
1 Do you ever practise speaking (speakl English when • B •
you’re alone? I u s e d 10 p la y fo o tb a ll, [u s e d f o = / j u : s t . v l
Is it easy (find) a jub where you live at thie I'd p la y fo o tb a ll.
moment?
Have you ever though? about llearn) another In n e g a tiv e s e n te n c e s a n d s h o r t a n s w e rs , you s tre s s d id a n d
language? w o u ld .
» 1 < 1
What do- you do (relax) after work? I dtdo t use to play football.
Are you good a t Icookl? a • a
Do you think people learn a lot from (visit) We wovldn't play on Sundays
• ■ • a
other countries? fes. J did. No I woddn t.
What do you plan Idol in the next five years?
Dö you enjoy___ Make sure you say used /ju is t/ with only one syllable.
(g o j to fo o tb a ll m a tc h e s a n d
S ay u s e d t o a s o n e w o rd a n d th e fo lL o w jn g v e rb q u ic k ly
other sports events’
afterwards: I used ro play tennis. 1 'jursteplei/.
b Ask and answer the questions.
PRACTICE
1 a Complete the sentences with used to or would and
these verbs.
used 10, would buy live not like play believe
think get up work
MEANING
ju use used to and would to talk about past habits and routines. 1 l_ in ghosts.
r (0 play football on Saturdays when I was a kid 2 I icecream, but now I love it!
fpl&y fo o tb a ll on S a tu rd a ys when I w as a h d 3 She_____ work was boring until she became a nu rse.
4 They in a flat in New York.
t use used to. but not would, to talk about past states. 5 We together in a fast food restaurant.
ed to be a lav/yer i would b t o lawyer 6 W e chess when we were at u niversity.
I to live abroad / Wdoid I tve- ab rort ä-
7 I _____ chuc olate once or twice 0 day.
nfnon state verbs are: be. have, like. iove. think, know, 8 l_ at five in the morning.
vs, understand, seem, feel, smell, taste. b In which seniences can you use.-
a used to or would? b only used to?
* * * * * N0W
a Put the words in order to make questions.
I to play computer games when I was young. S 1 of clothes / did / What kind / you / to wear J use ?
ay computer games when I was young. / 2 H o w / to tra v e l / p e o p le / d id / b e fo re p la n e s f u s e ?
145
m m a r r e f e r e n c e a n d p ra c tic e
14
Unreal conditionals
MEANING
You can use unreal conditionals to talk about situations which
are imaginary and probably w o n t happen
Real situation
Not manypeapte drive electnc cars.
I don't have a lot of money
I m a g in a r y s itu a tio n
// everyone drove electric cars, the air would be cleaner
I f I had a lot o f money. I'd buy a brg house tn tbs counfiy
These sentences use past verbs \drove. had. etc.) but they are
not about the past. They're about the present or the future
FORM
E » You say If everyone shared a car. w e would save fue l not
IS everyone 7votrld share s car, wr would save-fuel
I f ♦ p a s t s im p le , w o u ld + in fin itiv e
U everyone drove electnc cars, the atr would be cleaner.
U everyone drove e le c tn c ca rs. the a ir w o u ld n ’t be so polluted.
You c a n c h a n g e th e o rd e r. W h e n th e i f c ia u s e c o m e s s e c o n d .
you don't need a comma.
w o u ld ♦ in fin itiv e i f p a s t s im p le
Jhe air would be cleaner if everyone drove electric cars.
the air wouldnt be so polluted it everyone drove electric cars
Make sure you use a verb in the past simple after if. Don't use
would in both clauses
In unreal conditionals, you can use was or were after f. he. she
o r it.
I / i t w as / w e re w a rm e r, w e 'd ha ve th e p a r ty in o u r g a rd e n .
If I was /w e re a university student, f 'd study bustness or Jaw.
PRONUNCIATION
T h e p r o n u n c ia tio n o f re a l c o n d itio n a ls is th e s a m e a s in o ih e r
s e n te n c e s . F o r e x a m p le , y o u u s u a lly s tre s s v e r b s a n d n o u n s
but not modal verbs or prepositions.
If everyone drwe electric cars, the a ir would be cleaner
PRACTICE
1 Complete the sentences w ith the verbs in brackets to
make unreal conditional sentences,
1 If we used solar power, il would save a lot of money
I use. save I
2 If I a bit of money. I _ . a second-hand
car. h av e, buy I
3 If she John. I'm sure she him. (meet,
like)
AI _ for a new flat if I _ more time Hook, have!
5 If I _ go back to university. I a degree in
economics, (can. dol
6 I walking in the mountains if I _ work
tomorrow Ego. not have to)
7 I t ______ easier to pay our bills if we Internet
banking. Ibe, usel
8 If I the chance. I to a different couniry,
I have, move!
9 If I closer to nny office, my life _ a tot
easier Hive, bei
10 I _ _ a löt healthier if I 50 many sweets
and biscuits. Ibe, not eat]
Vocabulary reference and practice
147
V o cab u lary r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
Containers
dish and plate MEANING and FORM
E » A b o ttle o f w a t e r a n d a w a t e r b o ttle have d iffe r e n t
MEANING
meanings.
E » You say dish to talk about food cooked in a certa in way,
When you talk about a bottle o f water you are thinking about
net pfat*.
what is inside I he container.
You use dish wtien you’re talking about food cooked in a
When you talk about a water bottle you are thinking about the
c e r ta in w a y
use of the container. Th»s is also true of other containers: cup.
Jo# loves cooking fndran dishes like curry for her friends.
packet, basket, box, etc.
Paelia is the most well-known Spanish dish
You use the Wöftd plate for She object on which you put your PRACTICE
taod. !Circie)the correct words.
C o u ld y o u p u t th e p la te s a n d g la s s e s un th e ta b le ?
1 A lt o f m y fr ie n d s b r o u g h t a w in e b o ttle / D o ttle o f w in e
You use course lo talk about the different parts of a meal. to m y pa rty.
I'd like a salad h r my first course and a weil-cooked steak for my 2 l"m goiing io buy her six tea cups ( cups of tea as a
mam course. wedding present.
3 Jim took a box of matches / match box from the
FORM and PRONUNCIATION kitchen because his lighter wasn’t working.
The plural of dis-h is dishes. It has two syllables /‘d f/iz/. U My mu m asked me to buy a packet of pasta j pasta
packet from the convenience store.
PRACTICE 5 I need to buy a new shopping basket / basket of
Shopping., my old one is broken.
1 fC irc te )th e c o r r e c t w o rd .
1 P e te 's fa v o u rite c o u r s e / d is h is s p ic y c h ic k e n .
2 Whal pla te /d ish do you enjoy cooking7
3 Lynn wants cream of mushroom soup for her first
course /plate.
4 Can you la ke those dirty plates /courses into the
trio
kitchen'? MEANING and FORM
I D » You say Hes going on a business- trip not Me s
im m ess tnp.
could and can You use the preposition on before the words trip and journey.
Last year they went on a tnp to Canada to visrt their son.
MEANING
I lost my suitcases on my journey home.
E » Could 1have the chicken, ptease? is more polite than Can
I hare the chicken, ptease 0 You use trip to mean yogi have gone and come back from a
journey.
It i s more poli te lo use could than can when asking for things,
Masha made a (o! of friends on her trip to Germany. (She went to
Could I have the cheese salad to start ?
Germany and has now come back.I
It is also more polite to use wo-uld like than want when you
A journey is the act of travelling from one place to another,
offer something.
usually in a vehicle.
Would you like a bottle of water ? is more polite than Do you want
It 's a t m -hour train journey from York to London.
a bottle of water7
When you travel because of work you say a business trip not
FORM a husrnessjo u r n e y
C o u ld I h o o k a ta b le p le a s e ? bs a re q u e s t, Her company sent her qn 3 fcj/swess trip £0 Italy to attend a
You can also say I would like to book a table, please. conference
Use could and can with the infinitive wil hoirt to. A voyage is a long journey by sea
Could you bring me the menu? Request A m a n le ft h is w a lle t in M e lis s a 's ta x i o n h i s ____ . to
I to order, please the airport.
your father drive when he was 18? T h e tra v e l a g e n c y o rg a n is e d a day __ to
. you a c o ffe e a fte r y o u r d e s s e rt? Stratford-upon-Avon.
you p a s s m e th e s a lt, p le a s e ? The IT department is planning a sales _ to
you m e to b r in g y o u m o re w in e ? promote their new products.
b A r e th e s e n te n c e s o ff e r s o r re q u e s ts ?
■
V o cab u lary r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
■ u 6
borrow and lend facilities and installation
MEANING MEANING
J Z » You s a f I b o rro w e d s o m e m o n e y fr o m th e b a n k n o t The You say The facilities could definitely be better not -7-hr
b a n k b o rro w e d m e s o m e m o n e y tPSteltenon* f&fid-deftnftely-oebetter.
You use borrow to say someone gets or receives something Facilities refers to the equipment and services provided for a
from someone else with the inteniion ol returning st later p a rticu lar purpose.
i borrow my sister's car when I need one. The newsp-orts stadium fras excellent facilities for the athletes
and the specta'ors.
You use lend to focus on the person who gives something to
someone for a short time, expecting it to be returned it later. You u s e in s ta lla tio n w h e n y o u a re ta lk in g a b o u t e q u ip m e n t o r
My sister lends me her car when I need one. furniture being assembled and put into place,
Can you put up the shelves?" 'Certainly, but you'tl have to pay
J borrowed some money from the bank means the same as The
5% more tor installation.“
t a n k le n t m e so m e money.
FORM
FORM
You use facilities in the plural form to express the meaning
You borrow something from someone. Someone lends
above.
something to you.
The verb lend is irregular The past simple and the past PRONUNCIATION
participte are the same: lent. You stress the second syllable in facilities. Say the c as V and
In American English, loan is used as a verb and can mean the ending -ies as one syllable: .fa silitiz-.
e th e rb o rro w e r lend. In installation you stress the third syllable The finding -tion is
The bank loaned me some money. pronounced as/Jan/: /insta’lcijan/
J can loan you my umbrella since it 's raining.
The noun loan refers to the amount of money that you borrow, PRACTICE
Ihe bank gave the couple a loan to finish paying for their flat 1 I g r c ^ t h e c o r r e c t w o rd .
149
V o cab u lary r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
PRACTICE PRACTICE
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of get or 1 Add one or ones to the sentences.
arrive and at, in, to o r - Ino preposition). ones
1 My old schoolmate is arriving in London tomorrow. 1 I don't like green olives. Could I have some black /I,
2 When I the office everyone was in a meeting. please?
2 “Could you lend me an umbrella?" Tm sorry. I
3 Her partner often home- late in the evenings
A We always Like to the airport two hours before haven't got. ’
3 "Do you tike chocolates?" "Yes. especially the with
the flight.
5 Excuse me. How do I the nearest cashpoint? creanr inside."
U This jacket is very is very expensive. Do you have a
6 Before Spain, she changed her dollars to
cheaper?
euros
5 I like those lamps. Do you have any bigger?
ISC
V o cab u lary r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
151
V o cab u lary r e f e r e n c e a n d p ra c tic e
FORM space.
There are lots olf odjcctivcs that can- end in -*?d or -ing with on:
different meanings: the 2nd floor the wall the beach Ihemenu the TV
interested/ interesting frightenedffrightening tire d /tirin g the <omputer
surprised/ surprising exhausted / exhausting bored/boring
in:
I was surprisedro see Lisa at the party. the apartment the building the parkny bag my pocket
The f ilm we saw y e s te rd a y w as re a lty s u rp ris in g the car 1= inside the car]
I was really bond tn our new feacfters class, The s:gn pn the y/atl said 'No entry"
t think our new toacher is really baring. What's on the menu today?
We've been joggling in the park this morning.
PRONUNCIATION I've left my bag m the car. I ll just get it
A d je c tiv e s e n d in g in a ! t f o r a / d / s o u n d b e fo re th e -e d , a d d an
PRACTICE
extra syllable id/:
e x r ile d /ik'sart id ' e x h a u s te d / i q ' z v s t i d in te re s te d 'm tr a u iid /1 1 D e c id e if tn e u s e o f o n o r in is c o r re c t in e a c h s e n te n c e .
M n c t n t h p r -o d e n d in g a d je c t/v e s o n d w it h /d /:
1 She found some chocolates in the box. /
2 T h e re w e re th r e e p la te s in th e ta b le .
bored fired /taiad/ fastened/Trait and amazed mend/
3 Her friend Julia was staying on her ftat for the
PRACTICE weekend.
U Ivan left his van in the car par*.
1 Camplete the sentences with the adjectives ending in
5 She lay in her towel on the beach.
-ed or - ing.
6 In S p a in , y o u 'll a lw a y s se e g a s p a c h o in th e m e n u .
1 Our Inp to the US was absolutely exhausting lex haust).
2 We were realty (frighten) when we watched
the horror film.
3 S tu d y ir.g f o r e x a m s is v e ry (tir e j.
U Kirsten's new job must be really lexcitel
5 W e re yo-u . (b o re } a t th e p a rty y e s te rd a y ? I w as.
6 I didn’t think the documentary was very
(interest).
PRONUNCIATION
is pronounced t j u r . . Be careful not to confuse it with
-r«ese l ftziJ.
V o cab u lary r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
1 The most di fHeult things / thing / - aboul E nglish is 1 Circle the correct words.
the pronunciation. 1 "Can I speak to John, please'’
2 The good things / thing / - about my mum are her “This i s / i am John."
good sense an<J her cooking! 2 “Hi. is Scsan there.
3 Those algebra problems are the easiest things / "Yes, speaking / Yes, it is I."
thing / - . 3 Hello. J| am Peter / it’s Peter here.
4 Helping your friends when they have a problem is the 6 Yes? Who's that / Who> speaking, please?
right things / thing / - t o do. 5 Good afternoon. Is that / Are.you Mr Jones?
5 Having a holiday w hen you 're tired is a g re a t thing s /
thing / - .
V o cab u lary r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
the
MEANING
2 E & You say Boxers are great athletes not The fee»grs-g*g
great athlete*.
You don't use the with plural nouns when you are talking about
things >n general
Children under 16 years old shouldn't box The children
years eld shouldn't be*:
The Is not used with proper nouns, the names nf most counines,
languages or means of transport with by.
L e w is is g o in g to S p a in to s tu d y S pan ish .
Amelta usually goes to school by bus
The is not usually used with home. bed. school, hospital,
church or university when you refer to the place in generaL
Naialta didn 't feet well, so she stayed at home and went to bed.
Wiil you ibe go/tig to university next year?
You use the when tbe noun refers to someone or something
specific.
The children vrho live nexr door Jove playing with anrmats.
fn our town, the hospital is between the university and the church.
You use Ihe when a noun is mentioned for the second time
1saw a man fall off h/s bike The man wasn't hurt.
You use the with adj-ectives and adverbs in the superlative
form.
This is the fastest car / Ve ever seen.
R a lp h d riv e s tbe m o s t c a r e fu lly o f a l l h is b ro th e rs .
You use the with nouns that are unique: the sun, the moon,
the earth.
PRONUNCIATION
The way you say l he changes depending on whet her the
following! word begins with a vowel or a consonant.
You say the do- when the word following öegms with a consonant
The kitchen had an electric oven.
You s a y th e Jdis/ Whfcn th e w o rd fo llo w in g b e g in s w it h a v o w e l
When you use the wen, hat«* tm or three dishes together.
The p r e fix u n - is a lw a y s p ro n o u n c e d Am i . .
PRACTICE
1 Complete the table with the words in the box.
u n tv e rs ir? u n k in d u n io n u n it up u s u a lly
jpstairs us user ultimate
/ jlil/ I aJ
university
155
P ro n u n c ia tio n r e f e r e n c e a n d p r a c tic e
PRACTICE
1 a Underline the letters that are pronounced as AJ3 /.
1 ju m p e r 5 o ra n g e
2 page 6 Germany
3 ju ic e 7 v e g e ta b le
4 fr id g e 8 ja z z
157
i So S u n -H i, y o u 're le a rn in g E n g lis h . be able to pla y it a g a in b e cause 1 t h in k
Hi, m y n a m e 's K ate M o ri and I'm suN-Hi Yes, I have a jo b w ith a la rg e it's ve ry o rig in a l a n d it has a lo v e ly
fr o m O tta w a in C anada. I liv e w ith m y in te r n a tio n a l c o m p a n y in S e o u l, so I so u n d , b u t u n fo rtu n a te ly I d o n 't h a ve
h u s b a n d , M a sa o , and, er, w e have a cat. ne ed E n g lis h fo r m y w o rk , it w ith me.
I'm a te a c h e r. I w o r k in a k in d e rg a rte n . i H m , do you tra v e l a lo t?
« jm
I s p e a k E n g lis h an d F rench , and rig h t s N o, I d o n 't need E n g lis h f o r tr a v e l
john So, have you g o t an y pla n s fo r th e
n o w I'm s tu d y in g Ja p a n e s e , and s lo w ly so m u c h b u t, er, w e have a lo t o f
w e e ke n d ?
m a k in g p ro g re s s ! Er, I a ls o s tu d y a r t E n g lis h -s p e a k in g v is ito rs fro m o th e r
cameron No, no t re a lly . You?
h is to ry a t n ig h t s c h o o l once a w e e k . c o u n trie s , e s p e c ia lly A u s tra lia .
j W e ll, I w as th in k in g a b o u t g o in g to th e
E rm , I'm re a lly in te re s te d in a rt, I A h, I see.
fe s tiv a l, you know ?
e s p e c ia lly c e r ta in C a n a d ia n a r tis ts lik e s So I a lw a y s ta lk to th e m in E n g lis h . Of
c W O M A D elaide ?
F ra n k J o h n s to n , so w h e n I have th e tim e , c o u rs e w e have a lo t of v is ito r s fro m
j Yeah, it s ta rts on F riday. Do you w a n t
I lik e v is itin g th e a r t g a lle rie s w e have o th e r p la c e s too.
to go?
ro u n d h e re . E rm , M a sao's in te re s te d in i S u re .
c S ure, if w e can ge t tic k e ts fo r a day
a r t to o so w e u s u a lly go to g e th e r. W h a t s E u ro p e , o th e r c o u n trie s in A s ia , b u t
o r a n ig h t. I c o u ld n 't do the w h o le
e ls e ? W e ll, s o m e tim e s I p la y te n n is w ith w e u s u a lly s p e a k in E n g lis h ,
w e e ke n d ,
m y b ro th e r. H e liv e s n e a r m e . A nd in th e i W h a t a b o u t w ritin g ?
j M e n e ith e r, it's too exp ensive. So
w in te r I go s k a tin g on th e c a n a l, w h ic h is s W e ll, yes, m y s p e a k in g 's OK b u t I
w h e n ’s best fo r you?
a ty p ic a l O tta w a th in g to do! need to p ra c tis e m y w r itin g . I re ad
c S u n d a y probab ly. It d o e s n 't re a lly
and w r ite a lo t of e m a ils in E n g lis h
s |!i§ m a tte r - it d e p e n d s w h a t's on.
b u t it ta k e s m e a lo n g tim e .
interviewer So K ate, w h y a re you j Yeah, and if th e re a re any tic k e ts le ft.
le a rn in g J a p a n e s e ? i B B W hy d o n 't w e have a lo o k o n lin e ?
kate W e ll, la s t y e a r I g o t m a rrie d to interviewer E rm , N a ta lie , did yo u have c OK, hang on a m in u te . R ight. S und ay.
M a sa o . H e 's fro m J a p a n , a lo t o f e x p e rie n c e o f m u s ic w h e n you Ah, C e s a ria E vora's pla yin g . S he's
i C o n g ra tu la tio n s . w e re little ? a m a zin g .
k T h a n k s . So no w I'm le a rn in g natalie I th in k I w a s v e ry lu c k y , in th a t j Yeah, I’d love to see her. O r M is ta
b e c a u s e I re a lly w a n t to ta lk w ith m y I c a m e fro m T rin id a d and T o bag o, so S avona looks in te re s tin g ,
Ca t h e r in e So, w h a t do you th in k o f th e th e big s tre e t. It's c a lle d D a m ra k . d e fin ite ly a good place to v is it. OK,
ga m e? l OK. e r, w e have a lo t of m u s e u m s . So,
t Y o u 'll go p a st a big b u ild in g o n y o u r if you lik e a rt, th e re 's the Van G og h
p E rm , it's a b it b o rin g ,
le ft, th e B e u rs . m u s e u m here,
c B o rin g ?
p W e ll, you k n o w I'm n o t re a lly L OK. s A h, rig h t. Er, do you s e ll tic k e ts ?
in te re s te d in fo o tb a ll, t If you c o n tin u e a lo n g D a m ra k , y o u ’ ll t I'm a fra id w e d o n 't, no. Er, th e re 's
c So s h o u ld w e go? T h e s e c o n d h a lf co m e to th e D am . also a scie n ce m u s e u m - NEMO.
s ta r ts in tw o m in u te s , l T h a t’s th e big s q u a re , rig h t? T h a t's he re,
p No, you s ta y h e re . I 'l l do s o m e t T h a t's rig h t. Y o u 'll see th e N a tio n a l s H m , m aybe n o t th is tim e , b u t th e Van
s h o p p in g , th e n c o m e b a c k in an h o u r, M o n u m e n t on y o u r le ft, an d th e R oyal Gogh m u s e u m s o u n d s good. E rm ...
P a la ce on y o u r rig h t. w h a t a b o u t th is ? I d o n 't k n o w h o w to
OK?
c W e ll, OK. See you la te r. l R ig h t. say it. The G ardens?
t So, tu r n rig h t and go p a s t th e p a la c e . t Ah, yes, The K e u k e n h o f G arden s.
T h e n go alo n g R a a d h u is s tra a t, h e re , T h e y 're ve ry nice bu t th e y 're n o t
1 Can you a n s w e r a fe w q u e s tio n s ? fo r a b o u t five h u n d re d m e tre s . a c tu a lly in A m s te rd a m ,
W o u ld you m in d a n s w e rin g a fe w l OK. s Ah.
q u e s tio n s , please? t W h e n you g e t to th e c a n a l c a lle d t You have to ge t a tra in and th e n a bus,
2 Can you c h a n g e th is te n fo r m e ? P rin s e n g ra c h t, tu r n r ig h t. T h e h o u s e it ta k e s a b o u t an hour,
I w o n d e r if you c o u ld c h a n g e th is te n is by th e c a n a l, ju s t he re . s H m , OK. I th in k th a t’s too far.
fo r m e. l T h a t s o u n d s p re tty easy. Is it fa r? t R ight, w h a t else? E rm ...
3 Can you t e ll m e a b it m o re ? t No, tw o k ilo m e tre s , m a yb e a b it le ss. s A c tu a lly , I th in k th a t's , er, p ro b a b ly
Do you th in k you c o u ld t e ll m e a b it It's a nice w a lk . e n o u g h . T h a n k s v e ry m u ch .
m o re ? l T h a t's g re a t. T h a n k s f o r a ll y o u r h e lp . t No p ro b le m . Have a nice day.
U No, I d o n 't w a n t to. t Y o u 're w e lc o m e . Is th e re a n y th in g s T h a n ks.
S o rry , b u t I'd ra th e r no t. e ls e I can h e lp you w ith ?
5 No, I d o n 't need a n y th in g . l No th a n k s , th a t's fin e .
No, n o t re ally. a R ob! Can you a n s w e r th e d o o r? I’ m
6 The p o o l is dirty. d o in g th e w a s h in g up.
The p o o l is n ’t a lw a y s v e ry c le a n . o f h e re and tu r n le ft. b Yeah, OK. W ho is it?
7 T he s ta ff a r e n ’t in te re s te d . a I t 'll be Leona. I invited h e r fo r a coffee.
The s ta ff d o n 't s e e m v e ry in te re s te d . a D o n ’t fo rg e t, i t ’s D e ite r's b irth d a y on
T u rn r ig h t^ a n d go p a st th e p a la c e .
8 It's b o rin g . Monday.
Y o u 'll go p a s t^ a big b u ild ing_^o n y o u r
It's a b it b o rin g . A h, yes. H ow old is he?
le ft, th e B e u rs.
9 I'm n o t in te re s te d in fo o tb a ll. H e 'll be tw e n ty -fiv e , I th in k .
Y o u 'll see th e N a tio n a l M o n u m e n tw on
I'm n o t re a lly in te re s te d in fo o tb a ll.
y o u r le ft^ a n d th e R oyal Palace_ on
y o u r rig h t.
sue Yes? I 'l l have th e pa sta, please.
andre It's A n d re . I w a n t to t a lk to Sue. Fin e. A nd w o u ld you lik e s o m e th in g to
t o u r is t o f f ic e r H e llo , can I h e lp you ?
s T h is is Sue, bu t I'm busy. C a ll m e la te r. d rin k ?
sergei Yes. E rm , I’ve o n ly g o t o n e fre e
a T o m o rro w ?
day to see th e s ig h ts in A m s te rd a m ,
s No. I d o n 't w o rk on S u n d a ys. A re you OK? You d o n 't lo o k w e ll.
and I w a s w o n d e rin g , do you o rg a n is e
a M o nday a fte rn o o n ? H m , it's v e ry h o t in he re!
to u rs o f th e city?
s OK. C a ll m e at th e o ffic e . T he m o b ile 's
t Er, yeah, w e can, b u t it's q u ite e a sy to
e xp ensive. H e llo ?
ge t a ro u n d th e c ity on y o u r o w n .
a OK. Bye. Hi, Ja n . It’s L a u re n ce .
s OK.
t B u t, e rm , yo u 've o n ly g o t one day? S orry, I can 't ta lk now. I'm in a m e e tin g .
164
s Er, yea h, th e re are s o m e he re, c H m . Do you th in k y o u 'll ge t an y m o re ?
n a t a l ie W hen I go tra v e llin g , w h ic h c Oh, yes. Can I have a lo o k a t th o s e s Yes, I ge t th e m in q u ite o fte n , so you
I re a lly lik e to do a lo t, I th in k it's o n es th e re ? c o u ld try ag a in in a fe w w e e ks.
v e ry im p o rta n t to tr y to s p e a k th e s T h e se big on es?
la n g u a g e of th e p e o p le o f th e c o u n try c N o, th e s m a lle r ones, ju s t th e re ...
anna I th in k m y fa v o u rite th in g is m y TV,
y o u 're v is itin g . I th in k it's a good T h a t's rig h t,
b e ca u se I w a tc h TV every day fo r o n e
w a y of g e ttin g to k n o w p e o p le and c H o w m u c h do you w a n t fo r th e m ?
h o u r o r tw o h o u rs . I lik e to w a tc h m y
u n d e rs ta n d in g a b it m o re . s A h, th e s e o n e s are th ir ty -fiv e ,
fa v o u rite p ro g ra m m e s . And it h e lp s
paula Yeah, b u t s o m e tim e s d o n 't you c W o u ld you ta k e tw e n ty ?
m e re la x a fte r a long day at w o rk .
th in k th a t m a k e s c o n v e rs a tio n a bit s I can ta k e th irty ,
s lo w , lik e if y o u ’re w a lk in g a ro u n d w ith c E rm ... th a n k s , b u t I 'l l leave th e m , alba M y m o s t tre a s u re d p o sse ssio n s
a little d ic tio n a ry and you have to s o rt a re m y b o o ks. I've had so m e o f th e m
c E xcuse m e?
of lo o k up w o rd s every tim e you w a n t to s in c e I w a s five. They w e re given
s ta llh o ld er 3 Yeah, do you need s o m e
say s o m e th in g and if th e o th e r p e rson to m e by m y m o th e r and th e y've
h e lp ?
sp e a k s y o u r la n g u a g e th e n m aybe i t ’s tra v e lle d w ith m e fro m V ene zuela
c Yes, h o w m u c h is th a t le a th e r ja c k e t?
to S co tla n d , th e n to Italy, th e n to
ju s t e a s ie r to, y ou kno w , s p e a k the s T h e re d on e?
la n g u a g e th a t you both sha re. A u s tria , th e n to th e UK. W h e re v e r I
c Yeah.
Yeah, th in k y o u 're r ig h t in th a t way. go, th e lo n g e r I live, th e m o re b o o k s I
n I s A h, i t ’s s e v e n ty -fiv e ,
I k n o w w h e n I go to F ra n c e even if b u y and th e y ju s t p ile up. I have b o x e s
c Is it s e c o n d -h a n d o r ... ?
I s p e a k F re n c h th e pe o p le re p ly to u p o n boxes and th e y w ill go w ith m e
s No, w e d o n ’ t have an y s e c o n d -h a n d
e v e ry w h e re I go. I love m y books.
m e in E n g lis h b e c a u s e I d o n 't s p e a k c lo th e s . A ll o u r s tu ff's new.
F re n c h w e ll e n o u g h , b u t I th in k c. OK. c l a u d ia E rm , one of m y fa v o u rite th in g s
it's w ro n g to go to a c o u n try and s B u t th e re a re s o m e s e c o n d -h a n d I ow n is m y p a ssp o rt. It, e rm , I u se it
e x p e c t pe o p le to s p e a k to yo u in y o u r s ta lls ju s t o v e r th e re , if th a t's w h a t a lo t and it ha s a lo t of s ta m p s fro m
la n g u a g e . I th in k if th e y a re w illin g , y o u 're lo o k in g for. d iffe re n t c o u n trie s in it because I
th e n it's OK. c No, no, it's OK. E rm , so w h a t size is it? tra v e l a lo t. I need it fo r w o rk b u t
p Yeah, probab ly. Y ou're p ro b a b ly rig h t, s I 'l l have a lo o k fo r you . E rm , it's a I a ls o need it every tim e I go on
yeah. m e d iu m , b u t I m ig h t have s o m e o th e r h o lid a y s and I ju s t lik e it because
size s, it m e a n s I can do a lo t of d iffe re n t
c C an I tr y it on? th in g s in lo ts of d iffe re n t c o u n trie s .
OK, you go o u t of h e re and tu r n le ft
s Yes, o f c o u rs e . T h e re 's a m ir r o r ju s t
and y o u ’l l see a c o ffe e m a c h in e in the eren One of m y m o st tre a s u re d
he re,
c o rn e r. T u rn rig h t and c o n tin u e a lo n g th e p o sse ssio n s is a p e rfe c tly ro und
c Oh, rig h t,
c o rrid o r. T u rn r ig h t a g a in and pass th e p e b b le . It’s a pe bble th a t I found
s W h a t do you th in k ?
te a c h e rs ’ ro o m . T h e ro o m you w a n t is on w h e n I w as little . I th in k I w a s a b o u t
c It's n ice , b u t do you have an y o th e r
y o u r rig h t, a fte r th e lib ra ry . te n y e a rs old and I w as pla yin g on
c o lo u rs ?
th e beach, and it ju s t re m in d s m e of
s T h a t ja c k e t, I'm a fra id no t, no. J u s t
th o s e days, the , e rm , s u n n y s u m m e r
fr u it th e red. d a ys and long eve nings and, e rm , i t ’s
c M m , OK ... I th in k I 'l l ta k e it. Can I pay
so ro u n d th a t people ju s t c a n ’t b e lie v e
by c re d it card?
th a t it's c o m p le te ly n a tu ra l. A nd I
6 fr u it s No p ro b le m .
a b s o lu te ly love it because it is, e rm ,
7 g u id e c OK. It w a s s e v e n ty -fiv e , rig h t?
lik e a m o sa ic. It has so m e w h ite b its
8 gu y
and grey b its, d iffe re n t c o lo u rs .
9 ju ic e
Ca r o l in a C an I have a lo o k a t th o s e o n e s
6*2
th e re ?
1
s ta llh o ld er T h e se big on es?
a g n ie s z k a So, w h a t are w e ha vin g to e a t?
s ta llho ld er 1 Hi, c an I h e lp you? c N o, th e s m a lle r ones.
brenda I d o n 't know . Is th e re a m e n u in
C a r o lin a Yes, can I s ee th e big ru g at
c I c o u ld give you e igh ty, E n g lish ?
th e top?
s I 'l l do it fo r e ig h ty -fiv e , a I d o n 't th in k so. Can I he lp ?
s T h e o ra n g e one?
c W e ll, OK ... I 'l l ta k e it. b Yeah ... barszcz I know , p la ce k I k n o w
c E rm , no, th e w h ite one, n e x t to th e
... w h a t's k lu s k i'l
o ra n g e one.
a K lu s k i. T h e y 're m ade o f po tato.
s OK, I 'l l g e t it fo r you. Ca r o l in aCan I see th e big ru g a t th e top ? b P otato?
c T h a n k s a lot. stallh o ld er T he o ra n g e one? a Yeah, th e y 're like little b a lls .
s T h e re you are. c N o, th e w h ite one. S o m e tim e s th e y have m e a t in sid e
c H ow m u c h is it?
c W o u ld you ta ke tw e n ty ? th e m .
s It's a h u n d re d ,
s I can ta k e th irty , b OK. W h a t a b o u t th is?
c H m . H ow a b o u t s e v e n ty -fiv e ?
c T h a n k s , b u t I ' l l leave th e m . 2
s I c a n 't ta k e le ss th a n nine ty,
n a z if Hi, H elen.
c R e a lly? I c o u ld give you eig h ty,
helen A fte rn o o n . Have you lo s t
s I’l l do it fo r e ig h ty -fiv e ,
sta llho ld er H e llo . Do you need any h e lp ? s o m e th in g ?
c W e l l ... OK. I 'l l ta k e it.
Yes. Do you have any bookcases?
Ca r o l in a n Yes, I'm lo o kin g fo r m y b lu e ... e rm ...
s ta llh o ld e r 2 Do y ou need an y h e lp ? s Yes, w e do. W e've g o t s o m e nice W h a t's it ca lled ?
c N o, th a n k s , I'm ju s t lo o k in g , b o o k c a s e s o v e r he re , H Y our pen?
s T h e y 're nic e c a n d le s tic k s , a r e n 't the y? c Oh, rig h t. H ow m u c h is th e big one? n N o. I d o n 't re m e m b e r th e w o rd in
c T h e y 're nice, b u t do you have any s It's 110, b u t w e 'v e g o t s o m e c h e a p e r E n g lis h . It's a kin d of book. You w rite
s ilv e r on es? o n e s. T h is b la c k o n e 's ju s t 80. in it, you kno w , tim e s , th in g s to do ...
h You m e a n y o u r d ia ry ? Yeah?
n T h a t's it, a diary. W e ll, th e y 'v e given th e jo b to s o m e o n e
h Is th a t it o v e r th e re ? I'm v e ry h u n g ry . S h a ll w e m a k e s o m e e lse .
3 d in n e r? Oh, th a t's n o t good.
hae- won M a n u e l, w h a t's a 'k e ttle '? G ood idea. I'm a b s o lu te ly s ta rv in g . T h e y sa id I d o n 't have enough
MANUEL A w h a t? e x p e rie n c e .
h A 'k e ttle '. A re you s u re th e s h o p s w ill be o p en W e l l ...
W h e re 's th a t? to m o rr o w ? I've been h e re fo r a lm o s t five y e a rs ,
U rn ... it's in p a ra g ra p h tw o . Yes, I'm p o s itiv e . D o n 't w o rry . J e a n -P a u l!
H ang on. Oh, it's a ... you u s u a lly fin d I'm reaLly s o rry , Rach.
it in th e k itc h e n . You lo o k re a lly tire d . H ave you had a Me too.
OK ... lo n g day? So, does th a t m ean you're staying here?
You use it to m a k e w a te r h o t. Yeah, I'm e x h a u s te d . I'm g o in g to bed.
R ig h t ... Hi, J e a n -P a u l. H ow are you?
W h e n y ou m a k e tea o r c o ffe e , fo r It's v e ry h o t in he re , is n 't it? I'm OK.
e x a m p le . H o t? It's b o ilin g ! Can w e o p e n a L o o k, J e a n -P a u l, a b o u t la s t n i g h t ...
Oh, I see. T h a n k s . w in d o w ? I'm re a lly so rry . M y s is te r c a lle d , th e
one w h o liv e s in N ew Z e aland , s h e 's
H o w c o u ld you do th a t p a ra c h u te ju s t had a baby, h e r second. She
sandra OK, it's d a rk b lu e w ith s ilv e r
ju m p ? W e re n 't you frig h te n e d ? calLed m e and w e ended up ta lk in g on
n u m b e rs and it's m a d e o f m e ta l.
Yeah, I w a s a b s o lu te ly te r r ifie d , b u t it th e ph o n e a lt evening!
It's q u ite th in . It's a b o u t te n by fo u r
w a s fu n ! T h a t's OK.
c e n tim e tre s and w e ig h s a b o u t e ig h ty
So d id you go to th e cinem a?
g ra m s . It has a c a m e ra .
I h e a rd K irs te n fo u n d a jo b . She m u s t W e ll, w e said w e 'd m e e t o u ts id e th e
be re a lly p le a se d . c in e m a a t s e v e n -th irty , so, yes, I d id.
1 F a rs i is s p o k e n in Ira n . Oh, yes, s h e ’s d e lig h te d . So w h o did you go w ith ?
2 T he f ir s t c o lo u r p h o to g ra p h s w e re W h a t? I d id n 't go w ith anyone.
ta k e n in th e 1860s. W ill R on be a n g ry if w e d o n 't go to th e S o rry !
3 T he Y e llo w R iv e r is lo c a te d in C hina . m e e tin g ? D o n 't w o rr y a b o u t it. It w as a g o o d
U In 1867, A la s k a w a s s o ld to th e USA I th in k h e 'll be a b s o lu te ly fu r io u s ! film , anyway.
by R u ssia .
5 U iysses, by J a m e s Joyce , w a s w r itte n Is it c o ld th e re a t th e m o m e n t? Good m o rn in g , J e a n -P a u l!
in th e 2 0 th c e n tu ry . S h o u ld I b rin g a w in te r co a t? Oh, h e llo . You look happy th is m o rn in g .
6 T he 2005 N o b e l P riz e fo r L ite ra tu re Yes. It's fre e z in g . Yes, I've done it!
w a s given to H a ro ld P in te r. D one w h a t?
7 In E n g lis h , baby e le p h a n ts are c a lle d W e re you s u r p ris e d you p a sse d th e I've fo u n d a ne w jo b !
'c a lv e s ’. exa m ? Oh, rig h t, c o n g ra tu la tio n s ! W e ll d o n e !
8 The f ir s t fo o tb a ll W o rld C up w a s w o n I w a s re a lly a m a ze d . I d o n 't k n o w h o w Thanks!
in 1930 by U ru g u a y. I did it. So, w h e re a re you going?
C o o l N et.
Cg W h a t?
now down . s h o w e r show y e llo w 1 C o o l N et.
know n rachel Hi, J e a n -P a u l. B u t th a t's n o t in N e w York. It's m ile s
jean - paul M o rn in g , R a ch e l. H appy aw ay!
b irth d a y ! r Yeah, a b o u t tw o h u n d re d m ile s .
know n 6 fo llo w Oh, c h e e rs . H o w did you kn o w ? A c tu a lly , I s h o u ld s ta r t lo o k in g fo r a
flo w n 7 b o rro w Oh, you k n o w . S o m e b o d y to ld m e . E r p la c e to live th e re ...
b ro w n 8 to m o rr o w
... I've ju s t b o u g h t you a p re s e n t. j T h a t's a lo n g w a y to go fo r a n e w jo b .
y e llo w 9 c ro w d e d Is it fo r m e ? A h, th a t's v e ry k in d o f you. r N o t re a lly , I've been here fo r a lm o s t
shower 10 flo w e r Y o u 're w e lc o m e . Be c a re fu l! five yea rs,
O uch ! j M e too .
B a b ie s s ta r t to y a w n six m o n th s I sa id be c a re fu l! r So - tim e fo r a cha nge, I th in k !
b e fo re th e y 're b o rn . W h a t is it?
166
A p o lo g is in g
I'd lik e to a p o lo g is e . W e ll, I lived in C airo, in Egypt, fo r a y e a r r e c e p t io n is t Good eve ning.
I'm re a lly sorry. and th e y used a lo t of g e s tu re s th e re th a t Leo nard o H e llo . I have a re s e rv a tio n . M y
S orry. I d id n 't know . E rm , I re m e m b e r w h e n I n a m e 's L e o n a rd o B a rre iro s .
fir s t go t a taxi, I aske d to go to th e c e n tre r S o rry , co u ld you s p e ll y o u r s u rn a m e ,
- in m y te r rib le A ra b ic - and th e d riv e r please?
A
p o in te d a t his eyes w ith his fin g e r. A nd I l B -A -d o u b le R -E -l-R -O -S .
1 T h a n k s v e ry m u c h .
re a lly d id n 't u n d e rs ta n d th is . I t h o u g h t' r T h a n k you. Yes, th a t's fin e , M r
2 T h a t's g re a t!
he m e a n t, er, "B e c a re fu l” o r s o m e th in g B a rre iro s . T h re e n ig h ts , yes?
B
lik e th a t. A nyw ay, th e re st of th e jo u rn e y l T h a t's rig h t. I'm le avin g on th e 1 3 th,
3 I'd lik e to a p o lo g is e .
w as, you know , fin e and th e n a fe w days S aturday.
4 I'm s o rry to h e a r th a t.
la te r I a ske d an E gyptian frie n d a b o u t th e r Can I see y.our p a s s p o rt, please?
g e s tu re . He e xp la in e d th a t it m e a n s “ of l H ere you go.
s h a r m il a It's g re a t to see you , Jenny. c o u rs e , no p ro b le m ". Taxi d riv e rs o fte n do r A n d c o u ld you f i l l in th is re g is tra tio n
jen n y Yeah, you to o . So, w h a t have you it w h e n you've to ld th e m w h e re you w a n t card?
been up to? to go. So th a t w a s in te re s tin g , yeah. l R ig h t ... H ere you are.
E rm , th in g s a re v e ry b u s y r ig h t now. r T h a n k you. H e re 's y o u r p a s s p o rt
R eally? and the key to y o u r ro o m . It's ro o m
age huge b rid g e ju d g e a ve ra g e
Yeah, e v e ry th in g s e e m s to be n u m b e r fo u rte e n oh six, on th e
la n g u a g e
h a p p e n in g at once. E rm ... re m e m b e r fo u rte e n th floo r.
I to ld you w e w e re p la n n in g to m ove? l T h a n k s , and, uh , do you have a m a p o f
Yeah. b rid g e 6 v illa g e th e city?
W e ll, w e 'v e m oved n o w ... m essage 7 frid g e r Yes, h e re you are . T h e re 's also an
Oh, rig h t. lu g g a g e 8 page in fo rm a tio n fo ld e r in y o u r ro om .
... and it's fa n ta s tic ! We ju s t love th e change 9 a ve ra g e l T h anks. Oh, ah, w h a t tim e is b re a kfa st?
h o u s e . T h e re 's lo a d s of ro o m and th e o ra n g e 10 a rra n g e r It's fro m 6.30 to 10 am , in th e d in in g
s tre e t is q u ie t. A nd I've ju s t s ta rte d a ro o m .
n e w jo b !
& l A n d w h a t's th e c h e c k -o u t tim e ?
Oh, g re a t! So w h a t a re you d o in g ? 1 b u s in e s s c e n tre 6 s in g le ro o m r It's eleven am .
I'm s t ill te a c h in g m a th s . B u t I'm at a 2 p a rk in g 7 d o u b le ro o m l R ight.
d iffe re n t s c h o o l. 3 a ir c o n d itio n in g 8 tw in ro o m r W o u ld you lik e so m e h e lp w ith y o u r
A nd h o w is it? 4 la u n d ry 9 b u ffe t b re a k fa s t s u itc a s e ?
W e ll, it's clo se to o u r n e w ho u s e , so 5 h e a lth c lu b l N o, th a n k s . T h a t's fine .
th a t's nice, b u t s o m e of th e k id s are r A ll rig h t, M r B a rre iro s . The l if t is o v e r
d iffic u lt! th e re . Enjoy y o u r stay.
r e c e p t io n is t T he S un H o te l. H o w m a y I
H m , th a t's no t good.
h e lp you?
No. W ell.
Leonardo H e llo , is th a t re c e p tio n ? C h e ckin g and b o o kin g
A nd h o w 's M ani?
r Yes, it is. Can I h e lp you? 1 Y our w e b s ite says you have In te rn e t
H e's c h a n g e d jo b s as w e ll, a c tu a lly .
l Yes. I've seen y o u r w e b s ite and I'd lik e a cce ss. Is it w ire le s s ?
H e's g e ttin g m o re m o n e y now. H e's
to ju s t ch e c k a c o u p le of th in g s . 2 A n d is In te rn e t access in c lu d e d ? O r is
re a lty happy,
r Yes. Go ah ead. th e re an e xtra ch a rg e fo r th a t?
Oh, th a t's good.
l E rm , y o u r w e b s ite says you have 3 Does th e h o te l have a s w im m in g p o o l?
Yeah. A nyw ay, w h a t's n e w w ith you?
In te rn e t acce ss in each ro o m . Is it 4 I’ d lik e to b o ok a ro o m fo r th re e
N ot m u c h .
w ire le s s ? n ig h ts , fro m th e te n th of N ovem ber.
No? H ow are th in g s a t w o rk ?
r Yes, it is. C h e ckin g in
The sam e, really. S am e jo b , s a m e
l A nd is In te rn e t access in c lu d e d ? Or is 5 I have a re s e rv a tio n . My na m e's
b o y frie n d , but, yeah, w e 're OK. We w e n t
th e re an e x tra ch a rg e fo r th a t? L e o n a rd o B a rre iro s .
to th is g re a t c o n c e rt la s t w e e k e n d .
r N o. It's in c lu d e d in th e ro o m ra te . 6 W h a t tim e is b re a kfa st?
Oh, w h a t did you see?
l OK, and, e rm , I 'l l p ro b a b ly a rriv e q u ite 7 W h a t's th e c h e c k -o u t tim e ?
W e s a w th is g re a t band ...
la te , a ro u n d 10 pm . Is th a t a ll rig h t?
r Yes. W e have tw e n ty -fo u r h o u r rja
re c e p tio n . m in H e llo ? M in A ng here.
ben H i, Rosy, it's B en. L o o k , w o u ld you
l T h a t's good. A nd a n o th e r th in g , er, Leo nardo H e llo , M in. It's Le on a rd o .
lik e to co m e o u t to d in n e r to n ig h t?
d oes th e h o te l have a s w im m in g po ol? m L e o n a rd o , hi! H ow are you fe e lin g ?
rosy M aybe. I've ju s t g o t b a c k fro m a
r Yes, and w e a ls o have a fitn e s s ro o m . Did you have a good flig h t?
h a rd day a t w o rk . W h o 's g o in g ?
l OK, w e ll, th a t so u n d s fin e . E rm , c o u ld l Yes, it w a s n 't bad, th a n k s. Listen, M in,
b W e ll, ju s t m e a c tu a lly .
I b o o k a ro o m th e n , ple a se ? w h e n are you fre e? W hat are you d o in g
r Oh, rig h t. You k n o w , I th in k I'm ju s t
r Yes, ju s t a m o m e n t ... F o r w h a t d a te s, on F rid a y evening? A re you fre e th e n ?
g o in g to s ta y in.
p le a se ? m Er, F rid a y's d iffic u lt. I've go t to
8 T h a t's OK, d o n 't w o rry . By th e w ay, do
l I'd lik e to b o ok a s in g le ro o m fo r th re e w o r k la te . B ut, e rm ... I'm fre e on
you th in k J e n 'll be a t h o m e ?
n ig h ts , fro m th e te n th o f N o ve m b e r. W edn esday evening.
r A c tu a lly , I've ju s t s ee n h e r a t th e bu s
r C e rta in ly . A nd w h a t's y o u r na m e , l S o rry, b u t I d o n 't ge t th e re t i l l a b o u t
s top .
plea se?. ten , so ...
b R e a lly ? W h a t's h e r m o b ile n u m b e r?
l It's L e o n a rd o B a rre iro s , B -A -d o u b te m OK, w e ll, w h a t a b o u t lu n c h on
I ju s t have h e r h o m e n u m b e r.
R -E -l-R -O -S . T h u r s d a y ... o r Friday?
R Oh, ju s t a se co n d . H e re you are . It's
r T h a n k you, M r B a rre iro s , a n d can I l I c a n 't on Friday, b u t T h u rsd a y ... h m m ,
077 145 96 70.
ta k e y o u r c re d it ca rd n u m b e r? w e ll, I'm m e e tin g a co llea gue a t o n e
b T h a n k s , Rosy. Y o u 're a sta r. W e ll, have
l E r, yes, it's a V isa card, n u m b e r fo u r b u t I can re a rra n g e it, no p ro b le m . So,
a nic e evening.
one th re e nine, one one ... co u ld w e m e e t at one o 'clo ck?
m Yes, one o 'c lo c k 's fin e . j M e too. OK, th e y ’ re p e rfo r m in g tw ic e im p o rta n t w o rd s ju s t fo r one n e w s sto ry
l A nd w h e re s h o u ld w e m e e t? on S a tu rd a y , a t 3.30 and 8.00. ... one's enough. Then I listen ag a in and
m W e ll, h o w a b o u t at P e tro n a s T o w e rs ? a A h, can you do 3.30? T h e a fte rn o o n 's I w rite m o re w o rd s, then I lis te n a g a in .
My o ffic e is n e a r th e re . L e t's m e e t by b e s t fo r m e. Each tim e it ge ts ea sie r to hear.
th e m a in e n tra n c e o f T o w e r Tw o. j Yeah, and w e c o u ld have lu n c h f ir s t at
l OK, th a t s o u n d s go od. I ' l l s ee you on H a n a 's C afe a t 12.30. It's c lo s e to th e
1
T h u rs d a y the n. fe s tiv a l h a ll.
anna D id ! t e ll you? I'm go in g to th e
m G reat. T h e re 's so m u c h to ta lk a b o u t ... a H a n a 's Cafe? N ice p la ce . OK, I 'l l see
cin e m a ne xt w e e k w ith so m e fr ie n d s .
you th e re .
rose Oh, yeah? W h a t are you g o in g to
LEONARDO H e llo . i'M see?
m in H e llo , L e o n a rd o . It's M in . I'm r e a lly a k io J a s o n , lis te n . I'm s o r r y b u t I c a n 't A 'M e tro p o lis '. It's on at the Roxy.
s o rry b u t I c a n 't m a k e it to m o rro w . m a k e it on S aturday. M a ria n n e ju s t R Oh, rig h t. T h a t's a good film .
I've g o t m e e tin g s a ll day now . a s k e d m e to w o rk fro m 2.00 t i l l 10.00. A A re you fre e on T h u rs d a y e ve n in g ?
l O h ... OK. jas o n T h a t's to o bad. R E rm , yes, I a m , a ctu a lly.
m B u t I'm fre e in th e e v e n in g . a Yeah, I'm re a lly s o rry . C an w e A W e ll, w o u ld you lik e to com e w ith u s?
l Ah ... I'm b u s y to m o r r o w e v e n in g . p o s tp o n e ? R T h a t w o u ld be re a lly nice, A n n a .
m Oh, no ! W hen e x a c tly do yo u leave j W e ll, th e th in g is, S unday's th e la s t day. A W h a t tim e ?
K u a la L u m p u r? a W e ll, can you do S und ay a fte rn o o n ? 2
l My flig h t leave s on S a tu rd a y m o rn in g j N o, I c a n 't, a c tu a lly , i'm s e e in g le o H e llo .
a t 11.15. Y ou're w o rk in g la te on m y m u m . I'm fre e in th e e ve n in g , jo Hi, Leo. It ’s Jo. H ow are you?
F rid a y , rig h t? th o u g h . H old on, I 'l l ju s t c h e c k th e l N o t bad. Is e v e ry th in g OK w ith yo u ?
m Yes, b u t ... w e ll, I g u e s s I can ta k e p ro g ra m m e ... W h e re is it? ... A h, h e re j Yeah, fin e . E rm , w h a t are you d o in g
s o m e w o rk h o m e ... Yes, OK, le t's it is. Oh, no! S und ay a fte rn o o n 's t h e ir to m o rro w ?
m e e t on F rid a y e v e n in g . la s t p e rfo rm a n c e ! l I'm w o rk in g a ll day ... fro m tw e lv e to
l A re you s u re ? G re a t! A nd le t's have a R e a lly ? W e ll, I 'll have to go th e n . Can e le ve n . W hy, Jo?
d in n e r. I s t i l l have on e of y o u r fre e tic k e ts ? j Do you w a n t to m e e t up fo r a c o ffe e in
m T h a t w o u ld be lovely. j W e l l ... yeah, I su p p o se so. I'm g o in g th e m o rn in g ?
l So, w e 're s t ill m e e tin g at P e tro n a s to go to m o rr o w th e n ... by m y s e lf. l S o rry , I 'l l be too tire d . I n e ve r g e t up
T o w e rs , rig h t? L e t's say a t 6.30. in th e m o rn in g ,
m OK, 6.30, T o w e r Tw o, m a in e n tra n c e . j Oh, OK. W ell, m aybe ne xt tim e ...
m a r t in E rm , I'm a s tu d e n t a t U n iv e rs ite
See you the n. 3
B o rd e a u x b u t every s u m m e r I go to
anna S o rry to b o th e r you, Rose. H ave
E n g la n d and g e t a jo b in, uh, a cafe
you g o t a m o m e n t?
W h a t a re you d o in g a ft e r c la s s ? / o r a pub, o r s o m e th in g ... a n d I n e ed
rose Yes. Go ahead.
W h a t a re you g o in g to do a ft e r c la s s ? E n g lis h fo r th e s e jo b s . M y s p e a k in g 's
a S o rry , bu t c o u ld you h e lp m e w ith m y
W h a t tim e does th is c la s s fin is h ? OK b u t, uh, I fin d lis te n in g k in d of
c o m p u te r?
A re you g o in g a n y w h e re on y o u r d iffic u lt so I tr y to lis te n to o th e r
r I can try. W h a t's th e p ro b le m ?
n e xt h o lid a y ? /A r e you g o in g to go p e o p le 's c o n v e rs a tio n s ... and, ye a h ,
a I need to p r in t s o m e th in g b u t it's n o t
a n y w h e re on y o u r n e x t h o lid a y ? I c h a t w ith th e p e ople I w o r k w ith ,
w o rk in g .
W h a t a re you h a vin g fo r d in n e r u s u a lly a fte r w o rk , and w h e n th e y say
r A g a in ? OK. L e t's have a look.
to n ig h t? / W h a t are you g o in g to have s o m e th in g I c a n 't u n d e rs ta n d , I say,
fo r d in n e r to n ig h t? 'W a it! W h a t d id you say? Say it a g a in .
A re yo u b u s y to m o r r o w e v e n in g ? W h a t does it m e a n ? ' and I tr y to u se la u n d ry sau na sa w a w fu l
W h a t tim e do th e s h o p s c lo s e to n ig h t? th e e x p re s s io n m y s e lf. A n d th e n th e
H*
A re you m e e tin g an y frie n d s th is n e x t tim e I h e a r th a t e x p re s s io n , I
la u g h aunt A u s tra lia sa u sa g e
w e e k e n d ? / A re you g o in g to m e e t any k n o w it.
frie n d s th is w e e k e n d ? alexei I tra v e l to th e S ta te s a fe w tim e s
A re you w o rk in g to m o r r o w a fte rn o o n ? a y e a r, so i t ’s im p o r ta n t f o r m e to a w fu l 6 sauce
u n d e rs ta n d E n g lis h w e l l ... e s p e c ia lly , d a u g h te r 7 s tra w b e rr y
lik e , re s ta u r a n t c o n v e rs a tio n s o r h o te l s au na 8 yaw n
ja s o n A re you doing a n y th in g th is w e e k ?
c o n v e rs a tio n s - c h e c k in g in, ro o m la u n d ry 9 saw
a k io N o t m u c h . W hy?
s e rv ic e and, e rm , w h a t e ls e ... oh, la w y e r 10 a u tu m n
j W e ll, it's th e fe s tiv a l a n d th e re 's a
b u y in g tic k e ts . You kn o w , th in g s lik e
g ro u p I'd re a lly lik e to see . M y frie n d
th a t. So b e fo re I go to a re s ta u r a n t
can g e t m e fre e tic k e ts . 1 b a rb e c u e 9 c o m fo rta b le
o r s ta tio n , I th in k a b o u t w h a t I w a n t
a Yeah? W h ic h g ro u p ? 2 s w im m in g p o o l 10 sp a c io u s
to say, w h a t th e y 'll p ro b a b ly sa y and
j L a d y s m ith B la c k M a m b a z o . You k n o w , 3 g a rd e n 11 m o d e rn
... s o m e tim e s I c h e c k a p h ra s e b o o k.
fro m S o u th A fric a . Do you fa n c y g o in g 4 b a lc o n y 12 tr a d itio n a l
too? You k n o w , I p la n e v e ry th in g and th e n
5 p a rk in g 13 la rg e
w h e n I g e t th e re , I can u n d e rs ta n d
a Yeah, I'd love to. T h e y 're fa n ta s tic . 6 fire p la c e -1 4 w a rm
th in g s b e tte r and a n s w e r b e tte r. It
W h e n is it? 7 a ir c o n d itio n in g 15 co o l
u s u a lly w o rk s q u ite w e ll.
J W e ll, it's m o s t o f th e w e e k . I can do 8 w o o d e n flo o rs
T h u rs d a y o r F rid a y e v e n in g . W h a t a e - yo ung W ell, I use th e In te rn e t fo r
a b o u t you? lis te n in g pra ctice . I like to k n o w w h a t's
a Oh, s o rry . I c a n 't m a k e it on T h u rs d a y h a ppen ing in o th e r c o u n trie s , so I lis te n donna Jose , co m e ove r he re. L e t's have
o r F riday. I'm w o rk in g b o th n ig h ts . to th e new s in E n glish on m y c o m p u te r a lo o k a t th e se ho m es.
J Can you m a k e S a tu rd a y ? - th e BBC W o rld S ervice o r C N N o r jo s e W hy? We c a n 't m ove. We d o n 't
a Yeah, yea h. I'm o ff on S a tu rd a y . s o m e th in g - and w rite do w n u s e fu l and have e n o u g h m oney.
d Can w e ju s t have a lo o k in th e Leo nard o R eally? Have you trie d le a vin g
w in d o w ? We can look, c a n 't w e? 1 The w o r s t th in g a b o u t C h a n d ig a rh is, a n o te in th e k itc h e n saying , P lease
j I s u p p o s e so. it's to o q u ie t. w a s h a ll th e p o ts and ... ?
d It'd be re a lly nice to g e t o u t of th e city. 2 T h e b e st th in g a b o u t th e c o lle g e is, p I've le ft notes, I've se n t text m e ssages,
j H m m m , w o u ld it? it's so g re e n . e m a ils , e ve ryth in g . And he alw ays says,
d L o o k at th is one ... a h o use w ith 3 The th in g is, C ha n d ig a rh is too po pular. 'Oh, so rry, I p ro m is e to do it next tim e , I
tw o b e d ro o m s , a la rg e k itc h e n , a 4 The tro u b le is, c o n c re te is no t fo rg o t, I'm re a lly busy,' and the n, every
s w im m in g p o o l! Im a g in e it, w e 'd b e a u tifu l to lo o k at. tim e I w ake up because he leaves m o s t
c o m e h o m e fro m w o rk , go fo r a s w im of th e tim e e a rlie r tha n me, like, the
to c o o l o ff, have a b a rb e c u e ... k itc h e n is a m e ss. It's really, re a lly bad.
T h a t w o u ld be nice, yeah. donna H o w 's y o u r d a u g h te r g e ttin g on?
j l W e ll, I also have p ro b le m s w ith m y
d S u re it w o u ld ! S h e 's m o ved to C a n b e rra , h a s n 't s h e ? n e ig h b o u r. He sin g s v e ry lo u d ly in th e
j B u t it's th re e h u n d re d and e ig h ty m a r is a Yeah, th a t's rig h t. S he's ve ry m o rn in g and it's n o t th a t bad b u t he
d o lla rs a w e e k . W e'd n e v e r be a b le to ha ppy, she loves it th e re a n d loves tr ie s to im ita te an opera singer,
a ffo rd it. h e r jo b , b u t th e re are s o m e p ro b le m s p T h a t's re a lly bad.
d You n e v e r know . Maybe one day. W h a t w ith h e r fla t. l It is re a lly bad b u t th e re 's n o th in g I
a b o u t th is one n e a r th e be a ch ? You d Oh, no. W h a t s o r t of p ro b le m s ? can do a b o u t it, lik e leaving a no te
c o u ld go s u r fin g a fte r w o rk . m W e ll, s h e liv e s w ith a fa m ily , M r and o r s e n d in g te x t m e ssa g e s o r e m a ils
j It's th re e and a h a lf h o u rs fro m Sydney! M rs P ie rce , an d th e y 're re a lly nice, b e ca u se I d o n 't even k n o w h im .
I'd be loo tire d to go s u rfin g a fte r b u t Eva d o e s n 't g e t on welL w ith th e ir
c o m m u tin g fo r th re e and a h a lf h o u rs . d a u g h te r!
□ A h, th a t s o u n d s re a lly a w k w a rd . W hy ela W e ll, in o u r fla t th e re are five
d Y ou'd m ove s c h o o ls , I g u e ss. I be t
d o n 't th e y g e t alo n g ? ro o m s . T h e re 's a liv in g ro o m and a
y o u 'd fin d a n ic e little s c h o o l ne a rb y.
m W e ll, I th in k s h e 's a lw a ys c o m p la in in g b e d ro o m - th e y 're q u ite big - and
j Yeah, b u t I love m y jo b , th e k id s , a ll
a b o u t Eva, sa yin g she d o e s n 't clean w e a lso have a stu d y, a kitc h e n and
m y frie n d s at w o rk . I w o u ld n 't w a n t to
e n o u g h , h e r m u s ic 's to o loud , th in g s a b a th ro o m . I su p p o se m y fa v o u rite
m o ve s c h o o ls .
lik e th a t. Eva d o e s n 't re a lly k n o w ro o m is th e study. It's also the
d W e ll, you m ig h t c h a n g e y o u r m in d .
w h a t to do. s m a lle s t ro o m b u t it's th e ro o m th a t I
Can you im a g in e ? W o rk in g in a s m a ll
d C o u ld s h e o rg a n is e h e r day so she re a lly fe e l is m in e . I d o n 't ju s t w o rk in
frie n d ly s c h o o l, ra th e r th a n one w ith
d o e s n 't see th e d a u g h te r? th e stu d y; I a ls o lik e to lie on the sofa
th o u s a n d s of k id s , c y c lin g to w o rk .
m Eva says s h e 's th e re a ll th e tim e ! a n d read a good book.
L ife w o u ld be so m u c h easier.
j W e ll, s o rry , b u t it s o u n d s b o rin g to A p p a re n tly , sh e even goes in h e r
169
w r e s tle r , th o u g h he n e v e r b e c a m e i T h a t w a s S o lid a rity ? The u n io n ?
T he V a tican C ity is in R om e , Italy. a yoko zuna. The tw o m e n a c tu a lly r S o lid a rity , yes. So he w as a re a l
San M a rin o is in th e e a s t o f Italy. fo u g h t each o th e r in M a rc h 1991. It le a d e r a n d p e ople fo llo w e d h im .
N a u ru is an is la n d in th e S o u th P a c ific . w a s th e f ir s t s u m o m a tc h b e tw e e n i Do you k n o w a n y th in g a b o u t h is life?
T he M a rs h a ll Is la n d s and T u v a lu a re tw o n o n rJ a p a n e s e w r e s tle r s a n d . r N o t v e ry m u c h . I th in k 'h e w a s an
g ro u p s o f is la n d s in th e P a c ific O cean. A k e b o n o d e fe a te d K o n is h ik i. e le c tric ia n and I k n o w th a t he w o rk e d
S a in t K itts and N evis is a tw o - is la n d p Oh. So, w h a t w as s p e c ia l a b o u t in G da nsk. I re m e m b e r h im fr o m tha t
n a tio n in th e C a rib b e a n Sea. A kebono? tim e , b u t I d o n 't k n o w w h a t he d id
The M a ld iv e s a re in th e In d ia n O cean, h W e ll, he w a s an u n u s u a l succe ss b e fo re th a t,
s o u th -w e s t of S ri L a n k a , s to ry. As a young m a n, he enjoyed i OK. And th e n he becam e the p re sid e n t?
M a lta is in th e M e d ite rra n e a n Sea, to . p la yin g b a s k e tb a ll and he w o n a r Yes. C o m m u n is m ended in P o la n d in
th e s o u th of S icily. b a s k e tb a ll s c h o la rs h ip . He a lso 1989 and Wat?sa w on the e le c tio n fo r
L ie c h te n s te in is b e tw e e n A u s tria a n d w a n te d to stu d y h o te l m a n a g e m e n t, p re s id e n t,
S w itz e rla n d . b u t th e n he be cam e in te re s te d in i A n d ho w lo n g w a s he p re s id e n t?
M o naco is in th e s o u th o f E u ro p e , s u m o fro m w a tc h in g it on TV. A fa m ily r Five ye a rs ? Yes, five yea rs. A n d th e n
on th e M e d ite rra n e a n coa st, a n d it frie n d in tro d u c e d h im to A z u m a z e k i he lo s t th e next e le c tio n in 1995.
b o rd e rs F rance . O yakata, w h o w a s also fro m H a w a ii. i R ig h t.
A z u m a z e k i had his ow n g ro u p o f s u m o
w re s tle rs , w h ic h w e c a ll a 's ta b le '. So
In the s tu d io w ith m e to d a y renata W hen it co m e s to p la c e s , I th in k
presenter in 1988, R ow an fle w to J a p a n to jo in
is H iro to S aitou , th e a u th o r o f a th a t K ra k o w is v e ry im p o rta n t.
A z u m a z e k i's stab le. T h e re , he w a s
fa s c in a tin g new b o ok a b o u t s u m o in t e r v i e w e r Yeah, o f cou rse.
g ive n his p ro fe s s io n a l na m e , A k e b o n o ,
w re s tlin g c a lle d Yokozuna, p u b lis h e d r You p ro b a b ly k n o w it w a s th e c a p ita l
w h ic h m e a n s 'n e w da w n ',
by N e w m a n P re ss. H iro to S a ito u , o f P o la n d in the pa st. It’s a v e ry n ic e
p A n d he w a s e x tre m e ly s u c c e s s fu l in
w e lc o m e . city, an o ld c ity and it has a v e ry ric h
h is c a re e r, w a s n 't he?
T h a n k you. h is to ry . It g e ts a lo t of to u ris ts b u t it's
h ir d t o H Yes, th a t's rig h t. His fir s t p ro fe s s io n a l
p W h a t e x a c tly does th e title of y o u r also a p la c e w h e re a r tis ts liv e and
a p p e a ra n ce w as in M a rch 1988 and
b o o k, Yokozuna, m e an? th a t c re a te s a s p e c ia l a tm o s p h e re ,
d u rin g his th irte e n ye a rs of su m o
h W e ll, yofcozuna is th e v e ry h ig h e s t i R ig h t. Do you m e an it's an a r tis tic
w re s tlin g , he w o n th e E m p e ro r's C up a
ra n k in s u m o . If y o u 're a yo ko zu n a , pla ce ?
to ta l of eleven tim e s. He re tire d in 2001.
y o u 're a to p c h a m p io n . S o m e tim e s r W e ll, yes, th e r e ’s a lo t of b e a u tifu l
p T h a t's fa s c in a tin g . T h a n k you v e ry
th e re are no yokozuna, a n d a t o th e r a r c h ite c tu re , g a lle rie s and m u s ic as
m u c h fo r g ivin g us an in s ig h t in to th is
tim e s th e re have be en th re e o r fo u r w e ll. E s p e c ia lly if y o u 're a ro u n d in
e x tr a o r d in a r y s p o rt.
a t th e s a m e tim e . T he n a m e c o m e s th e e ve ning, and you go to c lu b s and
fro m th e ro p e - c a lle d a ts u n a - th a t p u b s. It's th e place to go to h e a r jazz,
th e yokozuna w e a rs . The ro p e c an He w a s b o rn in H a w a ii. i Is K ra k o w w e ll k n o w n fo r ja zz?
w e ig h up to 20 k ilo s b u t it's n o t u se d H e w o n a b a s k e tb a ll s c h o la rs h ip . r Yes, you can fin d a lo t of ja z z c lu b s in
d u rin g m a tc h e s . It's o n ly w o rn b e fo re He w a n te d to stu d y h o te l m a n a g e m e n t. th e c ity c e n tre . If you en jo y lis te n in g
m a tc h e s , d u rin g a s p e c ia l c e re m o n y , H e b e c a m e in te re s te d in s u m o fro m to m u s ic a n d s tu ff, you s h o u ld
p I see. N ow , I a lw a y s th o u g h t s u m o w a tc h in g it on TV. d e fin ite ly go.
w r e s tle r s had to be J a p a n e s e , b u t H e fle w to Jap an to jo in A z u m a z e k i's i It m u s t have a ve ry in te re s tin g histo ry.
th a t's no t tru e , is it? s ta b le . r Yes ... I d o n 't kn o w m u ch a b o u t its
h T h a t's rig h t. T ra d itio n a lly , s u m o is A k e b o n o d e fe a te d K o n is h ik i. h is to ry . It w a s th e c a p ita l of P o la n d
v e ry m u c h a J a p a n e s e s p o rt and, H e w a s th e fir s t fo r e ig n e r to b e c o m e b u t th e n th e c a p ita l w as m o ved to
fo r fo re ig n e rs , it w a s v e ry d iffic u lt a y oko zuna in 1500 y e a rs . W a rsza w a , to W a rsa w ... b u t K ra k o w
to b e c o m e a yokozuna. B u t in 1993, He re tire d in 2001. is s t i l l th e a rt c a p ita l of P o la n d ,
A k e b o n o Taro w a s th e fir s t fo r e ig n e r i Is it n e a r W arsa w ?
to b e c o m e a yokozuna in 1500 y e a rs . r N o. N o, W a rs a w is m o re o r le s s in the
fin is h
He w a s th e f ir s t n o n -J a p a n e s e to c e n tre of th e c o u n try b u t K ra k o w is in
p ra c tis e
re a c h th e h ig h e s t ra n k , th e s o u th ,
re tire
p So is th a t w h y h e 's s u c h an im p o r ta n t i A h. A nd ho w big is it?
s tu d y
p e rs o n in s u m o ? r It's n o t v e ry big, m aybe th e fo u rth o r
suggest
h Yes, b e c a u s e , e rm , b e fo re A k e b o n o , fifth b ig g e s t c ity in P o land ? I d o n 't
n o b o d y b e lie v e d th a t fo re ig n e rs c o u ld re a lly k n o w fo r sure, b u t I th in k th e
b e c o m e yokozuna. d e c id e > d e c id e d p ra c tis e > p ra c tis e s p o p u la tio n is less tha n a m illio n ,
p So, w h e re 's he fro m ? b u y > b u y in g s p e a k > sp o ke n i R ig h t.
h W e ll, he w a s b o rn in H a w a ii. H is re a l
n a m e is C had H aah eo R ow an . He
renata I th in k one of th e m o s t im p o rta n t 1
c h a n g e d h is n a m e w h e n he w e n t to
p e o p le in P o lish h isto ry, I m e an re c e n t pat I’ m so lo o k in g fo rw a rd to s e e in g
Ja p a n .
h is to ry , is Lech W at^sa ... you, H e le n , and m e e tin g y o u r ne w
p N o w , th e re se e m to be a n u m b e r o f
interviewer R ight. b o y frie n d ... Luis, rig h t? B u t w h a t
H a w a iia n s w h o are go od a t s u m o .
r ... w h o w a s th e f ir s t p re s id e n t of c lo th e s s h o u ld I b rin g ? Is it w a rm ?
W h y is th a t?
P o la n d a fte r c o m m u n is m . A s fa r as I helen Yes, it ’s w a rm in th e day b u t
h W e ll, s o m e H a w a iia n s m a k e e x c e lle n t
k n o w , he w a s an o rd in a ry w o rk e r, b u t b rin g so m e ju m p e rs o r a ja c k e t o r
s u m o w r e s tle r s b e c a u s e th e y a re big
he ha d a v e ry s tro n g c h a ra c te r and s o m e th in g fo r the eve nings,
and heavy. T h ey can p u t on w e ig h t
he w a n te d to c h a n g e th e c o u n try . H e p J u m p e rs ? T h ic k ones, w o o lly on es,
q u ite e a sily. K o n is h ik i, fo r e x a m p le ,
b e c a m e le a d e r o f a k in d of w o r k e r s ' you m e an?
w a s a n o th e r s u c c e s s fu l H a w a iia n
o rg a n is a tio n , I m e a n S o lidam osc.
h Er, yes, m aybe. p I th in k , I d o n 't kno w , I th in k I w o u ld c N o, no. T h a n k s ve ry m u c h . You've
p L ik e m y b lu e one? You k n o w th e o n e? d ie w ith o u t m y m o b ile p h o n e . m a d e m y day!
h Yes, th e b lu e one o r y o u r re d one o r n R eally? C a ll 2
w h a te v e r. It d o e s n 'fm a tte r . p If I, th e , th e fe w tim e s th a t I, I, fo r g e t it r e c e p t io n is t Good m o rn in g , ABC
2 I ju s t fe e l na ked w ith o u t it. I, I b e c o m e In v e s tm e n ts . H ow can I h e lp you?
p So, w h a t are w e h a vin g fo r lu n c h , d e s p e ra te . I need to have m y m o b ile c Can I s p e a k to J o h n A n d re w s , p le a se ?
d a rlin g ? ph one w ith m e ... e rm ... r Yes, w h o 's c a llin g ?
h Er, I'm not sure yet. M aybe s o m e sou p? n Is th a t fo r so m e o n e to c o n ta c t you o r c It's C h ris tin e , his w ife .
(la te r] fo r you to send m e ssa g e s? r J u s t a m o m e n t, plea se.
p M m m m , th is so u p 's a b s o lu te ly p I d o n 't know . It's ju s t th e fa c t th a t I r H e llo , C h ris tin e ? I'm s o rry , b u t Jo h n
d e lic io u s . Y our c o o k in g ha s g o t m u c h need it w ith m e a ll th e tim e . is n 't h e re at th e m o m e n t. I th in k h e 's
b e tte r, H elen. W h a t's in it? m e t in I have an o ld iP od w h ic h I o n ly a t lu n ch .
h Oh, e r, v e g e ta b le s m a in ly . O n io n s, use fo r m u s ic . I alw a ys le a ve it in m y c Oh. Do you k n o w w h e n h e 'll be b a ck?
p e p p e rs , po ta to e s a n d s tu f f lik e th a t, coa t p o cke t so w h e n I go o u t, I k n o w r No, s o rry , bu t he s h o u ld n 't be too lo n g .
p R ig h t. So, you, er, c h o p th e veg, and I have it. I use it a ll th e tim e ... on th e Do you w a n t m e to take a m essage?
th e n w h a t? w a y to w o rk , on th e bu s, w h e n I go c E r, yes, plea se. W hen he co m e s b a ck,
h W e ll, I th in k you add w a te r and s o m e s h o p p in g ... The o th e r da y it w a s h o t c o u ld you ask h im to c a ll m e? T e ll
h e rb s and th in g s ... S o rry , I d id n 't so I le ft m y co a t at h o m e a n d fo rg o t h im I've go t so m e good ne w s!
a c tu a lly m a k e it. L u is did. m y iP od. I w a s so b o red ... a n d a ls o r A ll rig h t, I w ill. Bye.
p A h, OK. W ell, te ll h im it w a s lo ve ly, k in d of n e rv o u s . I re a lly n e ed m y C a ll 3
and I'd lik e th e re c ip e ! W h e n a re w e m u s ic to re la x. jo h n H ello?
se e in g h im again? f a b io W ow, in te re s tin g ! I have an iP od, c H e llo , Joh n? It ’s C h ris tin e ,
h T h is a fte rn o o n , at th re e , too, b u t I h a rd ly e ve r use it. It w a s ju s t j Hi. L is te n , th e re c e p tio n 's re a lly bad
p Ah. a w a s te of m oney. h e re . I 'l l c a ll you back in a seco nd.
3 m R e ally? I c o u ld n 't live w ith o u t m in e . OK?
p So, L u is , you w e re b o rn in S pa in , f W e ll, to be h o n e st, I'm ju s t n o t c Yeah, OK.
rig h t? in te re s te d in e le c tro n ic g a d g e ts ,
luis Yes, th a t's rig h t. In G a lic ia , j C h ris tin e ? Can you h e a r m e now?
m a c h in e s and s tu ff. I d o n 't even have
c Yeah, th a t's b e tte r. L is te n , I've go t
p Oh, yes. W h e re exa c tly ? a c o m p u te r at h o m e . I d o n 't k n o w
l W e ll, a c tu a lly , in a fa rm h o u s e in s o m e g re a t ne w s. I've g o t m y b o n u s!
h o w to use th e m .
th e m id d le of n o w h e re ! It w a s s o r t j Oh, re a lly ? H ow m u ch is it th is tim e ?
m Y ou're jo k in g !
o f s u rro u n d e d by m o u n ta in s . T he 200? 300?
f N o. It m a k e s life e a s ie r, n o t ha vin g
n e a re s t to w n w a s O rtig u e ira , w h ic h is c No. That's w h a t's so am azing! It's 2,000!
th a t stu ff.
on th e , e r, th e n o rth - w e s t c o a s t, j 2,000! Y ou're jo k in g ! A re you s u re th e y
m No w ay! It w o u ld m a ke life m o re
p Oh, rig h t. A nd did you s ta y th e re h a v e n ’t m ade a m ista ke ?
d iffic u lt fo r m e . I m e a n , h o w do you
c T h a n k s a lo t!
th ro u g h o u t y o u r c h ild h o o d ? live w ith o u t th e In te rn e t?
l N o. We m oved to A rg e n tin a , to j N o, I'm s u re you 've e a rn e d every ce n t.
f It's easy ... A c tu a lly , I have a m o b ile
B u e n o s A ire s , w h e n I w a s th re e , so W ow ! We co u ld book th a t h o lid a y in
p h one. My co m p a n y gave it to m e and
N o rw a y!
I d o n 't re a lly re m e m b e r it a t a ll. B u t I use it fo r m y jo b . W e l l ... a n d to c a ll
I've a lw a y s had a, a k in d o f s p e c ia l c T h a t's w h y I'm c a llin g . I che cked
frie n d s , s o m e tim e s . A n d c h e c k th e
fe e lin g a b o u t th e m o u n ta in s . It's flig h ts to N o rw a y in M ay and th e y 're a
fo o tb a ll s c o re s. B u t t h a t’s it!
d iffic u lt to ex p la in , b u t I love b e in g re a lly good p rice . S h a ll I b o ok th e m ?
m Hm .
a b le to see th e m o u n ta in s . It g ive s m e j Er, w e l l ... m aybe w e s h o u ld ta lk
L o n g v o w e ls
D ip th o rig s
174
regular i ®rls
Infinitive . Past simple Part participle
A l l fo r m s a re th e s a m e A ll fo r m s a re d iffe r e n t
bet be w a s / w e re been .
cost b e g in began begun/
cut b lo w b le w b lo w n
h it b re a k b ro k e
b ro k e n
le t can c o u ld
b e e n a b le to
put choose chose
c h o s e n •••
set do d id done
d ra w d re w d ra w n "
P a s t s im p le a n d p a s t p a r tic ip le a re th e s a m e
d r in k d ra n k d ru n k
b r in g b ro u g h t
d r iv e d ro v e d riv e n
b u ild b u il t
eat a te e a te n
b u rn b u rn e d
fa ll fa ll f a lle n
buy bought
f ly f le w flo w n
c a tc h caught
fo rg e t fo rg o t fo r g o tt e n
d re a m d re a m e d
fr e e z e fr o z e fro z e n
fe e d fe d gave
g iv e g iv e n
fe e l fe lt w ent
go b e e n / gone
fig h t fo u g h t
g ro w g re w g ro w n
f in d fo u n d
h id e h id h id d e n
get got knew
know know n
have had ro d e
r id e rid d e n
hear h e a rd
r in g ra n g ru n g
h o ld h e ld ro s e
r is e ris e n
keep kept
see saw seen
le a r n le a r n e d
shake shook shaken
le a v e le ft show show ed show n
le n d le n t
s in g sang sung .. . .
lo s e lo s t
speak spoke spoken
m ake m ade
s te a l s to le s to le n
m ean m eant
s w im sw am sw um ■
m eet m et
ta k e to o k ta k e n
pay p a id th ro w th re w th r o w n
re a d / r i: d / re a d /r e d / w oke
w ake w oken
say s a id
wear w o re w o rn
s e ll s o ld
w r ite w ro te w r it t e n
send sent
In f in itiv e a n d p a s t p a r tic ip le a re th e sa m e
shoot shot
s it sat becom e becam e becom e
s le e p s le p t com e cam e com e
s m e ll s m e lle d ru n ra n ru n
s p e ll s p e lle d
In f in itiv e a n d p a s t s im p le a re th e sa m e
spend spent
beat b e a te n
s ta n d s to o d
te a c h ta u g h t
t e ll t o ld
th in k th o u g h t
u n d e rs ta n d u n d e rs to o d
w in w on