Procedure of Morphemic Analysis (The Method of Immediate An Ultimate Constituents)
Procedure of Morphemic Analysis (The Method of Immediate An Ultimate Constituents)
Procedure of Morphemic Analysis (The Method of Immediate An Ultimate Constituents)
Constituents)
This method is based on a binary principle, i.e. each stage of the procedure
involves two components the word immediately breaks into. At each stage these
two components are referred to as the Immediate Constituents (ICs). Each IC at the
next stage of analysis is in turn broken into two smaller meaningful elements. The
analysis is completed when we arrive at constituents incapable of further division,
i.e. morphemes. In terms of the method employed these are referred to as the
Ultimate Constituents (UCs).
For example, the noun friendliness is first segmented into the IC friendly
recurring in the adjectives friendly-looking and friendly and the -ness found in a
countless number of nouns, such as happiness, darkness, unselfishness, etc. The
IC -ness is at the same time a UC of the noun, as it cannot be broken into any
smaller elements possessing both sound-form and meaning. The IC friendly is
next broken into the ICs friend-and -ly recurring in friendship, unfriendly, etc.
on the one hand, and wifely, brotherly, etc., on the other. Needless to say that the
ICs friend-and -ly are both UCs of the word under analysis.
The morphemic analysis according to the IC and UC may be carried out on the
basis of two principles: the so-called root principle and the affix principle.
According to the affix principle the segmentation of the word into its constituent
morphemes is based on the identification of an affixational morpheme within a set
of words; for example, the identification of the suffixational morpheme -less leads
to the segmentation of words like useless, hopeless, merciless, etc., into the
suffixational morpheme -less and the root-morphemes within a word-cluster; the
identification of the root-morpheme agree- in the words agreeable, agreement,
disagree makes it possible to split these words into the root -agree- and the
affixational morphemes -able, -ment, dis-. As a rule, the application of one of
these principles is sufficient for the morphemic segmentation of words.
Процедура Морфемного анализа (метод непосредственных и конечных составляющих)
Этот метод основан на бинарном принципе, то есть каждый этап процедуры включает в
себя два компонента, на которые слово сразу же распадается. На каждом этапе эти два
компонента называются непосредственными составляющими (ИС). Каждая ИС на
следующем этапе анализа, в свою очередь, разбивается на два более мелких
содержательных элемента. Анализ завершается, когда мы приходим к конституентам,
неспособным к дальнейшему делению, то есть морфемам. В терминах используемого
метода они называются конечными составляющими (ПСК).