C2 PsychoCeramic Sciences

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PsychoCeramic Sciences, Inc.

(PSI), a large producer of cracked pots and other cracked items, is


considering the installation of a new marketing software package that will, it is hoped, allow more
accurate sales information concerning the inventory, sales, and deliveries of its pots as well as its vases
designed to hold artificial flowers. The information systems (IS) department has submitted a project
proposal that estimates the investment requirements as follows: an initial investment of $125,000 to be
paid up-front to the Pottery Software Corporation; an additional investment of $100,000 to modify and
install the software; and another $90,000 to integrate the new software into the overall information
system. Delivery and installation is estimated to take one year; integrating the entire system should
require an additional year. Thereafter, the IS department predicts that scheduled software updates will
require further expenditures of about $15,000 every second year, beginning in the fourth year.

They will not, however, update the software in the last year of its expected useful life. The project
schedule calls for benefits to begin in the third year, and to be up-to-speed by the end of that year.
Projected additional profits resulting from better and more timely sales information are estimated to be
$50,000 in the first year of operation and are expected to peak at $120,000 in the second year of
operation, and then to follow the gradually declining pattern shown in the table at the end of this box.

Project life is expected to be 10 years from project inception, at which time the proposed system will be
obsolete for this division and will have to be replaced. It is estimated, however, that the software can be
sold to a smaller division of PSI and will thus have a salvage value of $35,000. PSI has a 12 percent hurdle
rate for capital investments and expects the rate of inflation to be about 3 percent over the life of the
project. Assuming that the initial expenditure occurs at the beginning of the year and that all other
receipts and expenditures occur as lump sums at the end of the year, prepare the Net Present Value
analysis for the project as shown in the table below.

Year Inflow $ Outflow $ Net flow $ Discount Factor NPV


A B C D=B-C 1/(1+k+p)^t D x Discount Factor
2006* 0 125,000 -125,000 1.0000 -125,000
2006 0 100,000 -100,000 0.8696 -86,957
2007 0 90,000 -90,000 0.7561 -68,053
2008 50,000 0 50,000 0.6575 32,876
2009 120,000 15,000 105,000 0.5718 60,034
2010 115,000 0 115,000 0.4972 57,175
2011 105,000 15,000 90,000 0.4323 38,909
2012 97,000 0 97,000 0.3759 36,466
2013 90,000 15,000 75,000 0.3269 24,518
2014 82,000 0 82,000 0.2843 23,310
2015 65,000 0 65,000 0.2472 16,067
2015 35,000 35,000 0.2472 8,651
Total 759,000 360,000 399,000 - 17,997

The Net Present Value of the project is positive and, thus, the project can be accepted. (The project
would have been rejected if the hurdle rate were 14 percent.) Just for the intellectual exercise, note that
the total inflow for the project is $759,000, or $75,900 per year on average for the 10 year project. The
required investment is $315,000 (ignoring the biennial overhaul charges). Assuming 10 year, straight line
depreciation, or $31,500 per year, the payback period would be:
A project with this payback period would probably be considered quite desirable

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