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Hardware and Software

The document provides details about various computer hardware components. It lists the name Avash Joshi and group C1, then describes 12 common components including hard disk drives, cooling fans, motherboards, SATA cables, power supplies, RAM, CMOS batteries, PCI slots, thermal paste, integrated graphics, power connectors, and BIOS. It also briefly defines additional components such as audio ports, LAN ports, USB ports, 24-pin connectors, CPU sockets, resistors, transformers, and capacitors.

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Avash Joshi
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85 views13 pages

Hardware and Software

The document provides details about various computer hardware components. It lists the name Avash Joshi and group C1, then describes 12 common components including hard disk drives, cooling fans, motherboards, SATA cables, power supplies, RAM, CMOS batteries, PCI slots, thermal paste, integrated graphics, power connectors, and BIOS. It also briefly defines additional components such as audio ports, LAN ports, USB ports, 24-pin connectors, CPU sockets, resistors, transformers, and capacitors.

Uploaded by

Avash Joshi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Avash Joshi

Group: C1

1) Hard disk Drive:


It is the main storage of the computer and a permanent magnetic storage device which can
store large amount of files and folders.

2) Cooling Fan:
It is attached fan inside to a computer case which is used for active cooling. It draws cooler
air into the case from the outside, expel warm air from inside and move air across a heat sink
to cool a particular component.
3) Motherboard:
The motherboard allocates power and allows communication between the CPU, RAM, and
all other computer hardware components. It is a main circuit board and foundation of a
computer that is the biggest board in a computer chassis.

4) Sata Cable:
It Stands for "Serial Advanced Technology Attachment," or "Serial ATA." It is an interface
used to connect ATA hard drives to a computer's motherboard. SATA cables can be as long
as one meter.
5) Pata Cable:
It stands for “Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment” cable which is used to connect
ATA hard drives to a computer’s motherboard. They are thicker and larger cables. PATA
cables are long as long as one meter.

6) Power Supply:
A power supply is a hardware component that supplies power to an electrical device. It
receives power from an electrical outlet and converts the current from AC to DC which is
what the computer requires.

7) RAM:
Random-access memory is a form of computer memory. A random-access memory device
allows data items to be read or written in almost the same amount of time.
8) Cimos Battery:
CMOS is an onboard, battery powered semiconductor chip inside computers that stores
information. CMOS is short for complementary metal-oxide semiconductor.

9) PCI Slot:
A Peripheral Component Interconnect slot is a connecting apparatus for a 32-bit computer
bus which are built into the motherboards of computers and devices in order to allow for the
addition of PCI devices like modems, network hardware or sound and video cards.

10) AGP Slot:


This slot is an earlier hardware interface from Intel
for connecting a graphics card (display adapter)
to a PC. It was Introduced in 1997 and
superseded by PCI Express in the late 2000s, a single AGP slot on the motherboard provided
a direct connection between the card and memory. (Accelerated Graphics Port)

11) Thermal Paste:


Thermal paste, also known as thermal grease or thermal compound, is used between a
microprocessor and a heat sink. It is a substance applied to modify better heat conduction
between two surfaces. Its top surface of most microprocessors is not perfectly flat.

12) North Bridge and South Breeze:


Zxcvbnm,.The Northbridge is the portion of the chipset HUB that connects faster I/O buses
(for example, an AGP bus) to the system bus. Northbridge SI also bigger looking then
the Southbridge chip. The Southbridge is the HUB that connects to slower I/O buses (for
example, An ISA bus) to the system bus.

Integrated Graphics: Placing the computer's display circuitry in the chipset on the motherboard
or on the same chip as the CPU. Integrated graphics shares memory with the CPU (see shared
video memory) and provides a more economical alternative to the stand-alone card, known as
"discrete graphics" or "dedicated graphics." Integrated graphics can be non-programmable or
programmable and even include a graphics processing unit (see GPU).
Power Connector: Power connectors are devices that allows an electrical current to pass through
it for the exclusive purpose of providing power to a device (not a data stream, for example, or
anything more complex). Power connectors can carry either an alternating current (AC) or direct
current (DC).

Bios: BIOS (basic input/output system) is the program a personal computer's microprocessor


uses to get the computer system started after you turn it on. It also manages data flow between
the computer's operating system and attached devices such as the hard disk, video adapter,
keyboard, mouse and printer.

IC: An integrated circuit, or IC, is small chip that can function as an amplifier, oscillator, timer,
microprocessor, or even computer memory. An IC is a small wafer, usually made of silicon, that
can hold anywhere from hundreds to millions of transistors, resistors, and capacitors.

Audio Port: An audio port on a computer is any receptacle or jack to which an audio device such
as speakers, headphones or a microphone can be connected. All laptops and some desktops have
built-in speakers, but for better sound or privacy, you will need to connect external audio through
one of the ports.
LAN Port: A LAN port is used to connect internet cable with RJ-45 connector.

USB Port:

A USB port is a standard cable connection interface for personal computers and consumer


electronics devices. USB stands for Universal Serial Bus, an industry standard for short-distance
digital data communications. USB ports allow USB devices to be connected to each other with
and transfer digital data over USB cables.
24 Pin Connectors: This means that the newer 24 pin power supply is useful for motherboards
that require more power, and therefore eliminates the need for ATX 12V power supplies to
provide an auxiliary power cable (although some still may).
Mounting Screw Hole: It is used to make easy tight to the nut bolts.

CPU Socket: The processor socket (also called a CPU socket) is the connector on the
motherboard that houses a CPU and forms the electrical interface and contact with
the CPU. Processor sockets use a pin grid array (PGA) where pins on the underside of
the processor connect to holes in the processor socket.
CPU Socket Lever: CPU sockets are used on the motherboard in desktop and server computers.
Because they allow easy swapping of components, they are also used for prototyping new

circuits.

Resistors: A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements


electrical resistance as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current
flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission
lines, among other uses.
Transformer: A transformer is a passive electrical device that transfers electrical energy between
two or more circuits. A varying current in one coil of the transformer produces a varying
magnetic flux, which, in turn, induces a varying electromotive force across a second coil wound
around the same core.

Capacitors: A capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It is a passive
electronic component with two terminals. The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance.

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