COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector:

Qualification:

Unit of Competency: PRACTICE CAREER PROFESSIONALISM

Module Title:
PRACTICING CAREER PROFESSIONALISM

TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

AUTHORITY
Isabela School of Arts and Trades
Ilagan, Isabela
 HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MODULE

Welcome to the Module Practicing Career

Professionalism. This module contains training
materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency Practice Career Professionalism is one of the

Basic Competencies which contains the knowledge, skills and attitudes
required for all the programs offered by all TESDA-Institutes in Region 02.

You are required to go through a series of

learning activities in order to complete each learning
outcome of the module. In each learning outcome
there are Information Sheets, Resource Sheets and
Reference Materials for further reading to help you
better understand the required activities. Follow
these activities on your own and answer the self-
check at the end of each learning outcome. Get the
answer key from your trainer and check your work
honestly. If you have questions, please don’t hesitate
to ask him/her for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some or most of the

knowledge and skills covered in this module because
you have:
 Been working in the same industry for some time.
 Already completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you

are competent in a particular skill or skills, talk to
him/her about having them formally recognized so
you won’t have to do the same training again. If you
have qualifications or Certificates of Competency
from previous trainings, show them to your trainer.
If the skills you acquired are still relevant to this
module, they may become part of the evidence you
can present for RPL.
 A Trainee Record Book (TRB) is given to you to record important dates, jobs
undertaken and other workplace events that will assist you in providing
further details to your trainer/assessor. A Record of Achievement/Progress Chart is also
provided to your trainer to complete/accomplish once you have completed the
module. This will show your own progress.

DIRECTION FOR USE OF THE CBLM

This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency:
Practice Career Professionalism. This will be the source of information for
you to acquire the knowledge and skills in this particular module with
minimum supervision or help from your trainer. With the aid of this material,
you will acquire the competency independently and at your own pace.
Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the training
of this unit. Read through the module carefully. It is divided into sections
which covers all the skills and knowledge you need to successfully complete in
this module.

Work through all the information sheets and complete the activities in
each section. Do what is asked in the INSTRUCTIONAL SHEETS and complete
the SELF-CHECK. Suggested references are included to supplement the
materials provided in this module.
Most probably, your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager.
He/she is there to support you and show you the correct way to do things. Ask
for help.
Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to consider
when you are completing activities and it is important that you listen and take
notes.
Talk to more experienced workmates and ask for their guidance.
Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test your own
progress.
When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the activities
outlined in the module.
As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on your
progress. Your trainer gives feedback/pre-assessment reports for this reason.
When you have successfully completed each element or learning outcome, ask
your trainer to mark on the reports that you are ready for assessment.
When you have completed this module and feel confident that you have
had sufficient practice, your trainer will schedule you for the institutional
assessment. The result of your assessment/evaluation will be recorded in your
COMPETENCY ACHIEVEMENT RECORD.

LISTS OF BASIC COMPETENCIES

Competenc Unit of Competency Module Title Code

y Number
1 Participate in Workplace Participating in 500311105
Communication workplace
communication
2 Work in Team Working in team 500311106
Environment environment
 3 Practice Career Practicing 500311107
Professionalism Career
Professionalism
4 Practice Occupational Practicing 500311108
Health and Safety occupational
Procedures health and safety
procedures

MODULE CONTENT

MODULES OF INSTRUCTION

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Practice Career Professionalism

MODULE TITLE : Practicing Career Professionalism

INTRODUCTION : This module covers the knowledge, skills and

attitudes in promoting career growth and
advancement, specifically to integrate personal
objectives with organizational goals set and meet
priorities and maintain professional growth and
development
NOMINAL DURATION : 18 hours
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of this module, the trainee/students must be able to:

LO 1. Integrate personal objectives with

organizational goals

LO 2. Set and meet priorities

LO 3. Maintain professional growth and

development

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Personal growth and work plans towards
improving the qualifications set for professionals are
achieved.
2. Intra and Interpersonal relationship in the
course of managing oneself based on performance
evaluation is maintained.
3. Commitment to the organization and its goal is
demonstrated in the performance of duties .
4. Practice of appropriate personal hygiene is
observed.
5. Job targets within key result areas are
attained.
6. Competing demands to achieve personal and
team and organizational goals and objectives are
prioritized.
7. Resources are utilized efficient and effectively to
manage work prioritized and commitments.
8. Practice and economic used in maintenance of
equipment and facilities are followed as per
established procedures.
9. Training and career opportunities relevant to
the job requirements are identified and availed.
 10. License and or certification according to the
requirements of the qualifications are required and
maintained.
mental right at work including gender sensitivity are manifested/observed.
g and Career opportunities based on the requirements of industry are completed and
updated.

PREREQUISITE: None

LEARNING OUTCOME #1

INTEGRATE PERSONAL OBJECTIVES WITH ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS

CONTENTS :

- Personal development
- Organizational Goals
- Personal Hygiene and Practices
- Code of Ethics

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA :
1. Personal growth and work plans towards
improving the qualifications set for professionals are
achieved.
nd Interpersonal relationship in the course of managing oneself based on performance
evaluation is maintained.
3. Commitment to the organization and its goal is demonstrated in the
performance of duties.
 4. Practice of appropriate personal hygiene is observed.
5. Job targets within key result areas are attained.

CONDITIONS:

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

Workplace
Code of Ethics
Organizational Goals
CD’s, tapes, transparencies

ASSESSMENT METHODS
Written Examination
Role Playing
 LEARNING EXPERIENCES

LEARNING OUTCOME # 1 INTEGRATE PERSONAL OBJECTIVES WITH

ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read information sheet 3.1-1 If you have some problem on the
onal development –Intra and interpersonal content of the information sheet
development don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheet, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module
2. Answer self-check 3.1-1 Refer your answer to answer key 3.1-
1

If you have some problem on the

3. Read information sheet 3.1-2
content of the information sheet
anizational Goals don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheet, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module.
4. Answer self-check 3.1-2 Refer your answer to answer key 3.1-
2
 If you have some problem on the
6. Read information sheet 3.1-3
content of the information sheet
nal Hygiene and Practices” don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheet, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module.

Refer your answer to answer key 3.1-

wer self-check 3.1-3
3

If you have some problem on the

information sheet 3.1-4 on Code of Ethics
content of the information sheet
don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheet, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module.

Refer your answer to answer key 3.1-

wer self-check 3.1-4
4

INFORMATION SHEET 3.1-1

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT-INTRA AND INTERPERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
Learning Objectives: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST
be able to:

1. Define personality and identify the determinants of personality.

2. Identify the stages of personal growth and development
3. Learn and apply ways by which they could project themselves better and
create a more positive self image particularly in social graces and manners and
observance or work ethics.
4. Define Interpersonal relationship
5. Describe the different types of Interpersonal relationships

What is personality?

Personality is the sum total of the biological, psychological, socio cultural

and other traits of a person, manifested in the way he thinks, feels, acts and
relates with others.

Gordon Allport defined personality as collection of traits that determine a

person’s unique adjustment to his environment. Each person is made up of
determining tendencies that play an active role in his behavior. Personality is
what lies behind the

Determinants of Personality

Behavioral experts agree that personality is a product of nature and

nurture, an integration of his biological and social heritage. What a person
thinks does and feels as a child, adolescent or adult results from the inter
relationship that exist between biologically inherited factors and environmental
influences.

Heredity

Genes transmitted by parents determine a person physical and biological

characteristic such as physical stature, color of the skin and hair .Some
individuals excel in physical qualities, others are physically handicapped like
the dumb, blind, deaf and austistic persons. However, it does not follow that a
person with biological or physical deficiency is also handicapped from
developing a good or pleasing personality.

The Social Environment

The social environment consists of individuals, groups and institutions with

whom the person interacts with from childhood to adulthood. Socialization is a
process where a person acquires, learns and internalizes a set of beliefs, ideas,
values, attitudes and other socio-cultural characteristic.
Socialization starts with the child’s first contact, his family. From the
parents, siblings and relatives, the person learns his first lessons of love,
honesty and other fundamental virtues as well as other qualities. Much of our
behavioral tendencies appear to be a replica of our parents.

In the later years of life, the individual comes into contact with his peers,
school mates, teachers and other groups from whom he acquires new set of
ideas, beliefs, values and attitudes.

As the individual moves through life, he comes across to more groups, and
institutions, from them he discovers and learns another set of socio cultural
characteristics.

How is Personality Developed?

Studies in Psychology reveal that a person passes through various stages of

development. It starts with infancy, childhood, puberty, adolescence and
adulthood. The last stage is the state wherein the individual becomes fully
mature in all aspects- physically, mentally, psychologically and emotionally.

During infancy, the need for attention and acceptance is most dominant. As
the child grows, his needs are centered on recognition, affirmation and
appreciation. Then upon reaching puberty and adolescence, he will experience
a strong need for autonomy- freedom to make decisions and to act for oneself,
without being manipulated by parents and people in authority. Unsatisfied
need in each level of growth leads to what is termed as fixation, a situation
which often results to obsession. This means an insatiable craving for
unsatisfied needs like love, attention, recognition and autonomy. This
obsession is carried over to the adult life.
 Maslow contends that man starts to crave for the satisfaction of his lower
needs- physiological/biological, progressing to the next level- need for safety
and acceptance. Once these lower needs are satisfied man will pursue for
esteem needs and the aim for the highest needs- self actualization – a psychic
feeling of fulfillment for having achieved a goal or having maximized the use of
one’s potentials and capacities.

Personal growth and Stages of Development:

The process of development takes place in four stages:

Stage 1 – Understanding an Ideal

At this stage, the person is exposed to learning situations where he

discovers an ideal- the ideal personality, qualities of a winning personality, the
elements and conditions for growth and development . He is also able to
differentiate functional vs. dysfunctional behavior and their damage
consequences. These knowledge provide the framework for understanding his
behavior and personality.

Stage 2 – Self awareness

After discovering the ideal, the person goes into self mirroring. He looks into
his personal qualities, behavior and compares this against the ideal. He
discovers his dysfunctional behavior and how it has affected his success,
happiness and relationships with others.

Stage 3 - Self Realization

 As the individual becomes aware of his behavior, he is guided on how to
understand himself by bringing into his consciousness the things in the past
and other realities that have directly or indirectly conditioned his present
behavior or maladjustment. Among these are the distorted beliefs and values
that he may have internalized. He is also made to realize how his behavior has
hampered his growth and development as well as his happiness.

Stage 4 – Decision to change

With self realization the individual makes a decision to change. If one is

determined to grow as a person, he has to decide to change.

Stage 5- Actualizing the change

In his decision to grow and develop, the individual now puts into action the
necessary changes in his life including a change in attitude, re- alignment of
his value system and behavioral change.

INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP
 An interpersonal relationship is an association between two or more
people that may range from fleeting to enduring. This association may be based
on love and liking, regular business interactions, or some other type of social
commitment. Interpersonal relationships take place in a great variety of
contexts, such as family, friends, marriage, associates, work, clubs,
neighborhoods, and churches. They may be regulated by law, custom, or
mutual agreement, and are the basis of social groups and society as a whole.
Although humans are fundamentally social creatures, interpersonal
relationships are not always healthy. Examples of unhealthy relationships
include abusive relationships and codependence.

A relationship is normally viewed as a connection between two individuals,

such as a romantic or intimate relationship, or a parent-child relationship.
Individuals can also have relationships with groups of people, such as the
relation between a pastor and his congregation, an uncle and a family, or a
mayor and a town.

Types of Interpersonal Relationships

Close relationships are important for emotional wellbeing throughout the

lifespan.

Interpersonal relationships include kinship and family relations in which

people become associated by genetics or consanguinity. These include such
roles as father, mother, son, or daughter. Relationships can also be established
by marriage, such as husband, wife, father-in-law, mother-in-law, uncle by
marriage, or aunt by marriage. They may be formal long-term relationships
recognized by law and formalized through public ceremony, such as marriage
or civil union. They may also be informal long-term relationships such as
loving relationships or romantic relationships with or without living together. In
these cases the "other person" is often called lover, boyfriend, or girlfriend, as
distinct from just a male or female friend, or "significant other"..

Communication is a very important component to a successful

relationship

Friendships consist of mutual liking, trust, respect, and often even love
and unconditional acceptance. Internet friendships and pen-pals may take
place at a considerable physical distance. Brotherhood and sisterhood can
refer to individuals united in a common cause or having a common interest,
which may involve formal membership in a club, organization, association,
society, lodge, fraternity, or sorority. Soulmates are individuals intimately
drawn to one another through a favorable meeting of minds and who find
mutual acceptance and understanding with one another Casual relationships
are sexual relationships extending beyond one-night stands that exclusively
consist of sexual behavior..

The natural development of a relationship follows five stages:

Acquaintance - Becoming acquainted depends on previous relationships,
physical proximity, first impressions, and a variety of other factors. If two
people begin to like each other, continued interactions may lead to the next
stage, but acquaintance can continue indefinitely.
Buildup - During this stage, people begin to trust and care about each other.
The need for compatibility and such filtering agents as common background
and goals will influence whether or not interaction continues.
Continuation - This stage follows a mutual commitment to a long term
friendship, romantic relationship, or marriage. It is generally a long, relative
stable period. Nevertheless, continued growth and development will occur
during this time. Mutual trust is important for sustaining the relationship.
Deterioration - Not all relationships deteriorate, but those that do, tend to
show signs of trouble. Boredom, resentment, and dissatisfaction may occur,
and individuals may communicate less and avoid self-disclosure. Loss of trust
and betrayals may take place as the downward spiral continues.
Termination - The final stage marks the end of the relationship, either by
death in the case of a healthy relationship, or by separation.
 SELF-CHECK 3.1-1

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the given choices.

1. Determines a person’s physical and biological characteristic such as

physical stature, color of the skin and hair.
a. heredity
b. experience
c. socialization
d. social environment
2. Consists of individuals, groups and institutions with whom the person
interacts with from childhood to adulthood.
a. experience
b. heredity
c. social environment
d. socialization
3.A process where a person acquires, learns and internalizes a set of beliefs,
ideas, values, attitudes and other socio-cultural characteristics.
a. social environment
b. socialization
c.experience
d. heredity
4. During this stage, the need for attention and acceptance is most dominant.
a. infancy
b. childhood
c.adulthood
d.old age

5. The sum total of the biological, psychological, socio cultural and other traits
of a person, manifested in the way he thinks, feels, acts and relates with
others.
a.autonomy
b. personality
c. summary
d.morality
6. Freedom to make decisions and to act for oneself without being manipulated
by parents and people in authority.
a. self-esteem
b. autonomy
c. fixation
d. reality
7. Unsatisfied needs in each level of growth.
a. autonomy
b. reality
 c. self-esteem
d. fixation
8. The mirroring stage.
a. self-esteem
b. self motivation
c. self-awareness
d.self-identity
9. At this stage, the person is exposed to learning situations where he discovers
an ideal personality.
a. self realization
b.self awareness
c.understanding an ideal
d.decision to change

10. Maslow’s lower needs

a. self esteem
b. acceptance
c. attention
d.biological
 ANSWER KEY # 3.1-1

1. a
2. c
3. b
4. a
5. b
6. b
7. d
8. c
9. c
10.d
 INFORMATION SHEET # 3.1-2
ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS

Learning Objectives: After reading this information sheet, the student/

trainee should be able to;
1. Discuss organizational goal.
2. Identify the types of goal.
3. Demonstrate commitment to the organization and its goals in the
performance of duties

 A goal or objective consists of a projected state of affairs which a person

or a system plans or intends to achieve or bring about — a personal or
organizational desired end-point in some sort of assumed development.
Many people endeavor to reach goals within a finite time by
settingdeadlines.
 The flow diagram represents how various
inputs and actions towards focused organizational
goals lead to results. Knowledge management
contributes towards streamlining the ideas,
problems, projects and deployment in light of
organizational goals driving towards productivity.
TYPES OF GOALS:

Part of the reason why goal setting fails is that people don’t understand the
different types of goals and how to treat them. Goals may involve:
  Developing a new skill or improving current skills.
 Beating old habits, or developing better ones.
 Producing an outcome, achieving a dream.

The way each of these types of goals are treated is different – some are short
term, others are medium to long term, some have a clear direction to achieve
them, others may have a more torturous path, and some are naturally easier
than others to achieve.

Goals can also be:

 Big-picture goals – your end destination as defined by the ‘Big-Picture'

Statements for your various life aspects. These goals are typically not
achievable in one simple step – there is a journey to be taken to get
there.
 Milestone Goals – these are the series of goals that will take you to your
destination.
 Mini Goals – milestone goals may need to be broken down into bite-size
chunks to make them more manageable.

This is shown diagrammatically as follows, where you can see that your ‘Big-
Picture’ is achieved through a few long-term milestone goals, which are
achieved through several medium-term goals, which are achieved through
many short-term mini goals.
Like climbing a mountain, you need to start at the bottom with the mini-goals
before you can get to the top. This is just recognizing that it takes time and
effort to achieve your goals, but achieving the mini-goals along the way keeps
you inspired to continue – they’re like stepping stones down the river of life or
the traffic lights along your road to success! You need all types of goals.

Too many Big-Picture goals can be daunting and it is difficult to measure

progress against. Too many mini-goals can make you lose sight of the big
picture, but they keep you heading towards your big picture if done right.

So you need the right mixture of each, and this will depend on your specific
goal.

As an example, you’re Big Picture might include to become fit and healthy. A
milestone goal might therefore be to lose 10kg or to jog 5km in under 30
minutes.

Mini-goals might then be along the lines of “lose 2kg” or “walk 5km without
stopping” – these goals are steps in the right direction towards both the
milestone goals and ultimate big-picture.
Once the mini-goals have been achieved you’ll get a great sense of satisfaction
as you have leaped onto the first stepping stone towards your big-picture, so
use this motivation to set the next set of mini-goals to put into action!

Goal-setters may make goals/objectives more

explicit by following the guidelines associated with
the SMART acronym:
 Specific: one should precisely define objectives or goals rather than
tolerating diffuseness or nebulousness
 Measurable: one should define a method of measuring the
objectives/goals
 Agreed-To/Achievable: all parties need to agree to the objectives/goals,
and to their achievability
 Realistic/Rewarding/Relevant: one must define realistic objectives/goals,
the accomplishment of which must make sense
 Time-bound: completion must occur within an agreed time-scale.

Personal goals
 Managing goals can give returns in all areas of
personal life. Knowing precisely what one wants to
achieve makes clear what to concentrate and improve
on.
Individuals can have personal goals. A student
may set a goal of a high mark in an exam. An athlete
might walk five miles a day. A traveler might try to
reach a destination-city within three hours.
Goal setting and planning ("goal work") promotes
long-term vision and
short-term motivation. It focuses acquisition of
knowledge and helps to
organize resources.
 Achieving personal goal
Achieving complex and difficult goals, requires focus, long-term
diligence and effort. Success in any field will require foregoingblaming,
excuses and justifications for poor performance or lack of adequate
planning; in short, success requires emotional maturity.
 Goal-management
management consists of the process of recognizing or inferring goals of individual or team-
members, abandoning no longer relevant goals, identifying and resolving
conflicts among goals, and prioritizing goals consistently for optimal
team-collaboration and effective operations.
GOAL MANAGEMENT INCLUDE
 assessment and dissolution of non-rational blocks to success
 time-management
 frequent reconsideration (consistency checks)
 feasibility checks
 adjusting milestones and main-goal targets

EFFECTIVE TIME MANAGEMENT

 Planning – the simplest way to plan your work is to write a list of things
you need to accomplish during the day. It also helps you check your
progress in the kind of occupation you have.
 Organizing – number the tasks on the list in the order of the importance,
then do the most important first. Also have a place for everything so that
you waste as little time as possible looking for things you will be using to
perform certain tasks.
 Implementing – Use “Dovetailing “to save time and meet your schedules.
 This means that while your hands are involved in other activities, your
mind can be sorting out problems and mentally planning related tasks
that shall follow.
 Controlling – to evaluate whether your time for doing your work is
properly manage or not, compare them with your “ Work to do List “.
Examine your list for
possible refinement or
streamlining.

 Linking individual &

team performance to
organizational goals
 Strategic performance
coaching packages.
 Self Check 3.1-2

Test 1. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the
given choices.

1. Evaluate whether your time for doing your work is properly manage or
not and compare them with your “ Work to do List “.
a. Controlling
b. Implementing
c. Organizing
d. Planning
2. An effective time management that uses “Dovetailing “to save time and
meet your schedules.
a. Controlling
b. Implementing
c. Organizing
d. Planning
3. It is the simplest way to plan your work by writing a list of things you
need to accomplish during the day.
a. Controlling
b. Implementing
c. Organizing
d. Planning
4. Consists of the process of recognizing or inferring goals of individual or
team-members, consistently for optimal team-collaboration and effective
operations.
a. Goal setting
-management
c. Organizational goals
d. Personal goal
5.Promotes long-term vision and short-term motivation and it focuses
acquisition of knowledge and helps to organize resources.
a. Goal setting
-management
c. Organizational goals
 d. Personal goal

The trainee’s underpinning knowledge was

Satisfactory Not Satisfactory

Feedback to trainee:

SELF CHECK ANSWER KEY 3.1-2

1. A
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. A
 INFORMATION SHEET 3.1-3

PERSONAL HYGIENE AND PRACTICES

Learning Objectives: After reading this information sheet, the student/

trainee should be able to;
1. Observe / practice the grooming routines.

GROOMING ROUTINES

Hair
 Wash your hair every other day using soap or mild
shampoo. Avoid shampoos with borax or alkalis. Rinse
well.
 Ladies hair should be clipped on both sides or breaded
(if it is long).
  Length of men’s hair should not go beyond collar and the side hair must
not cover the ear.
 Dry your hair after a wash.
 Oil the scalp, once a week, preferably an hour before hair wash.
 Bangs should be avoided.
Skin

 Soap and water are essential for keeping the skin clean.

 A good bath once or twice a day is recommended.

 Those who are involved in active sports or work out to a sweat would do
well to take a bath after the activity.

 Germicidal or antiseptic soaps are not essential for the daily bath. You
can use a bath sponge for scrubbing.

Teeth

 Brush your teeth twice a day and rinse well after every meal. Brushing
before going to bed is important. (This is especially recommended for
people with a sweet tooth).

 While brushing, pay attention to the fact that you are getting rid of the
food particles stuck in between the teeth and in the crevices of the flatter
teeth at the back, the molars and pre molars.
 Brush down on the upper teeth and brush up on the lower teeth. Use a
circular motion. Pay attention to the tongue and the inner surface of
teeth as well.
 No tooth decay to avoid bad breath.

Hands
  Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water
before and after every meal and after visiting
the toilet.
 Soaping and rinsing should cover the areas
between fingers, nails and back of the hand.
Hands should be dried with a clean towel after
wash.
 The towel at the wash stand has to be washed
and changed every day.
 While cooking, especially when packing
lunches, you can prevent food from spoilage
and minimize contamination by keeping your
hands clean.
 While handling food avoid scratching, or touching the ears, nose, mouth
or other body orifices.
 If you need to use a
handkerchief or tissue,
wash your hands after
that.

Nails

 Keep your nails short.

 Do not keep your nails painted continuously. It causes the keratin, of

which nails are made, to split.

 Pamper your hands and nails once every three weeks with a manicure.
This requires soaking your hands in warm water for ten minutes,
massaging of hands, thorough cleaning and shaping of nails.

 Choose your manicure kit with care. In some kits, the instruments are
crudely made and they will do more harm than good.
Feet

 Give your feet a good scrub with a sponge,

pumice stone or foot scrubber that is not
made of very abrasive material when
having a bath.

 Dry after bath between toes. Keep toenails

clipped.

Shoes and socks

 Those who use shoes constantly need to

slip them off now and then. This airs the socks a bit and makes them
less smelly.

 Wear cotton socks. Wear a clean pair every day.

 Powder your feet before wearing socks. Many people have sweaty feet,
and socks and shoes can get quite smelly.

 Go for a pedicure once in three weeks.

 Shoes should be clean and well polished, heels in good condition.

 Black socks for men should changed daily with fresh ones

 Ladies should wear stockings but must ensure it has no “run” or damage

Menstrual Hygiene

 Technology offers sanitary pads, tampons or menstrual cups or caps to

deal with the flow.

 Absorbent pads may be noticeable in form fitting

clothes. They cause some soreness on the inner
thighs.

 Some women prefer tampon to external pads. A plug

of absorbent cotton or gauze is inserted inside. But
these should not be left unchanged beyond six
hours. The cleaned and re used.
Uniforms

 Must be comfortably fit, no sagging hemline

 Properly buttoned, sleeves should never be folded nor rolled
 Clean and well pressed, free from stains nor wrinkle
Ear

 Clean and free from visible dirt inside and outside

 Earrings are never appropriate for men; ladies in uniform should never
wear dangling earrings

GOOD HYGIENE PRACTICES

The most important way to reduce the spread

of infections is hand washing - always wash regularly
with soap and warm water. Also important is to get a
vaccine for those infections and viruses that have
one, when available.

Ways to can reduce or slow the spread of infections include;

 get the appropriate vaccine

 wash your hands frequently
 stay home if you are sick (so you do not spread it to other people)
 cover your nose and mouth when sneezing and coughing (or cough into
your elbow)
 use single-use tissues for wiping your nose
 wash your hands after coughing, sneezing or using tissues
 if working with children, have them play with hard surface toys that can
be easily cleaned
 do not touch your eyes, nose or mouth (viruses can transfer from your
hands and into the body)
 do not share cups, glasses, dishes or cutlery.

Workplaces can help reduce the spread of infectious disease by:

 having an infection control plan

  providing clean hand washing facilities
 offering waterless alcohol-based hand sanitizers when regular facilities
are not available (or to people on the road)
 reminding staff to not share cups, glasses, dishes and cutlery. Be sure
dishes are washed in soap and water after use.
 removing magazines and papers from waiting areas or common rooms
(such as tea rooms and kitchens)
 considering cleaning a person's workstation or other areas where they
have been if a person has suspected or identified influenza making sure
ventilation systems are working properly

Social distancing is a strategy where you try to avoid crowded places, large
gatherings of people or close contact with a group of people. In these
situations, viruses can easily spread from person to person. In general, a
distance of one meter (3 feet) will slow the spread of a disease, but more
distance is more effective.
 Self Check # 3.1-3
Learn your mastery in Information Sheet 1 by solving the problems below.

Test 1. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and write FALSE if the
statement is incorrect.

________1. Length of men’s hair should not go beyond collar and the side
hair must not cover the ear.
________2. While cooking, especially when packing lunches, you can
prevent food from spoilage and minimize contamination by keeping your
hands clean.
________3. Wash your hair using shampoos with borax or alkalis.
________4. Earrings are never appropriate for men; ladies in uniform should
never wear dangling earrings.
________5. Keep your nails painted continuously.

________6.Workplaces can help reduce the spread of infectious disease by

having an infection control plan.

________7. Germicidal or antiseptic soaps are essential for the daily bath.
You can use a bath sponge for scrubbing.
________8. While handling food avoid scratching, or touching the ears,
nose, mouth or other body orifices.
________9.Uniform should be clean and well pressed, free from stains nor
wrinkles.

________10.You can also avoid the spread of infectious disease by staying at

home if you are sick.

The trainee’s underpinning knowledge was

 Satisfactory Not Satisfactory

Feedback to trainee:

Trainee Signature : Date:

Trainer Signature : Date:

Self Check Answer key # 3.1-3

1.TRUE

2.TRUE
3.FALSE

4.TRUE

5.FALSE

6.TRUE

7.TRUE

8.TRUE

9.TRUE

10.TRUE

INFORMATION SHEET # 3.1-4

CODE OF ETHICS

Learning Objectives: After reading this information sheet, the student/

trainee should be able to;
1. Discuss the ethical standard and behaviors.
2. Determine the duties and responsibilities of each member.
3. Perform duties and responsibilities in a positive manner to
promote cooperation and good relationship.
POLICY
  Pursuant to the provisions of Section 12 of RA No. 6713, otherwise
known as the "Code of Conduct and Ethical Standard for Public Officials
and Employees", it shall be the policy of the NEA to promote a high
standard of ethics in public service.
 Officials and employees shall at all times be accountable to the people
and shall discharge their duties with utmost responsibility, integrity,
competence and loyalty, act with patriotism and justice, lead modest
lives, and uphold public interest over personal interest.

The Code is issued to enable the organization to:

 Maintain high ethical standards in the performance of its employees'
respective duties and responsibilities;
 Promote and increase level of confidence among its primary clients
(electric cooperatives) and other stakeholders with regard to their delivery
of the agency's services;
 Have a guide or benchmark for decision-making particularly on human
resource concerns;
 Inspire management to mutually uphold its commitment to employees
and vice-versa; and
1. Highlight and showcase NEA's corporate culture and values.

Value development - the process of cultivating the growth of an employee

through progressive changes that would unfold concern for the commitment to
public service over personal interest.
Service guide - provides information to guide the transacting public in
understanding the functions of every department/office.
Code - set of rules for accepted behavior set up by an agency with punitive
powers against non conforming members.
NORMS OF CONDUCT OF OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES

At all times, the Agency and the human resource

shall exemplify and operate on the core values of
absolute honesty, maximum efficiency and total
solidarity. As such, they are expected to conduct
themselves in a manner reflective of the following
behaviors:

 Commitment to Public Interest - To uphold the public interest over

personal interest. All government resources and powers must be
employed and used efficiently, effectively, honestly and economically,
particularly to avoid wastage in public funds and revenues.
  Professionalism - To perform and discharge their duties with the
highest degree of excellence, professionalism, intelligence and skill. They
shall serve with utmost devotion and dedication to duty.

 Justness and Sincerity - To remain true to the people at all times. They
must act with justness and sincerity and shall not discriminate against
anyone, especially the poor and underprivileged.

 Political Neutrality - To provide service to everyone without unfair

discrimination regardless of party affiliation or preference.

 Responsiveness to the Public - To extend prompt, courteous and

adequate service to the public.
 Nationalism and Patriotism - To be loyal to the Republic and the
Filipino people, promote the use of locally produced goods, resources and
technology and encourage appreciation and pride of country and people.
 Commitment to Democracy - To commit themselves to the democratic
way of life and values, maintain the principles of public accountability
and manifest by deeds the supremacy of civilian authority over the
military. They shall at all times uphold the Constitution and put loyalty
to country above loyalty to persons and party.
 Simple Living - means maintaining a standard of living within the
public official or employee's visible means of income as correctly
disclosed in his income tax returns, annual statement of assets,
liabilities and net worth, and other documents relating to financial and
business interests and connections.

Rights and Duties of a Worker

When starting a new job, it is always important to ask about the terms
and conditions of employment. These normally vary from one company to
another, however there are some basic conditions that apply universally. This
page seeks to outline the basic rights and duties, however it is recommended
that one checks the conditions with his company and the local labor office
before accepting a new job.

Worker Rights

Every worker has a right to:

 Work in a safe environment that does not threaten his health.
 Know about any potential hazards at the workplace.
 Take sick/medical leave when it is required and produce certification for it.
 Take the number of leave days (after consultations with the employer) as set
by the state.
 Get paid at least the minimum wage as set by each state.
 Be treated with the respect and dignity of a human being.
 Be free to join any Union of his choice.

Worker Duties

Every worker has the duty to:

 Give his employer a good days work.
 Help and respect his colleagues.
 Inform his employer when he is ill and unable to go to work.
 Makes good use of company resources without wasting.
 Use any equipment, protective devices or clothing required by the employer;
and doesn't remove or make ineffective any protective device.
 Inform the employer about any known missing or defective equipment or
protective device that may be dangerous.

In transacting with the public, the following actions shall be observed:

 As a general rule, when a request or petition, whether written or verbal,
can be disposed of promptly and expeditiously, the official or employee in
charge to whom the same is presented shall do so immediately, without
discrimination, and in no case beyond 15 working days from receipt of
the request or petition.
 In case of written requests, petitions or motions sent by means of letters,
telegrams or the like, the official or employee in charge shall act on the
same within 15 working days from his receipt thereof, provided that:
a. If the communication is within the jurisdiction of the agency, the
official or employee must:
 Write a note or letter of acknowledgement where the matter is
merely routinely or the action desired may be acted upon in the
ordinary course of business of the agency, specifying the date
when the matter will be disposed of and the name of the official or
employee in charge thereof.
 Where the matter is non-routinely or the issues involved are not
simple or ordinary, write a note of letter of acknowledgment,
informing the interested party, petitioner or correspondent of the
 action to be taken or when such requests, petitions or motions can
be acted upon.

b. If communication is outside its jurisdiction, the official or employee

must:
 Refer the letter, petition or verbal request to the proper
department, office or agency.
 Acknowledge the communication by means of a note or letter,
informing the interested party, petitioner or correspondent of the
action taken and attaching a copy of the letter of referral to the
proper department, office or agency.
 The period of 15 working days herein provided shall be counted
from date of receipt of the written or verbal communication by
the department, office or agency concerned.

DISCIPLINE

Guided by Civil Service Laws and pertinent rules and regulations, officers
and employees should be aware of the following measures:
 No officer or employee shall be removed or suspended except for cause as
provided by law and after due process.
 The disciplining authority may impose the penalty of removal/dismissal
from the service, with or without prejudice to benefits, demotion in rank,
suspension of not more than one year without pay, fine in an amount not
exceeding six months' salary, transfer or reprimand.
 The penalty of dismissal shall carry with it cancellation of eligibility
forfeiture of leave credits and retirement benefits, and the
disqualification for reemployment in the government service.
 The penalty of forced resignation shall carry with it disqualification for
employment in the government service for at least one year.
 The penalty of transfer shall carry with it disqualification for promotion
for a period or six months from the date respondent reports to the new
position.
 The penalty of suspension shall carry with it disqualification for
promotion corresponding to the period of suspension.
 The penalty of demotion shall carry with it disqualification for promotion
for a period of six months.
 The penalty of fine shall carry with it disqualification for promotion for a
period twice the number of days he was fined.
 A reprimand shall be considered a penalty. However, a warning or an
admonition shall not be considered a penalty.
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE WORKPLACE

 Responsibility to the workplace/ work area

 Strictly observe the rules and regulations of the school as a
training center.
 Be regular and punctual in your attendance.
 Observe orderliness and cleanliness in the workplace.
 Observe proper use of tools and equipment.

 Responsibility to your instructor

 Always treat your instructor with respect and courtesy.
 Listen attentively to your instructor.
 Finish/ submit assigned projects on time.
 Learn to accept constructive criticisms.
 Be willing to do extra assignments.
 Cultivate the spirit of volunteerism and cooperate with others
when given assignments.

 Responsibility to your fellow trainee/student

 Take care of your fellow trainees’/students’ belongings as if they
were your own
 Cooperate and participate in group activities.
 Show interest and concern for others.
 Offering suggestions that could be of help to your co- trainees/
students
 Respecting your fellow trainees’ feelings, mood and the like.

 Responsibility to yourself
 Be honest with yourself. You can be honest with others only if you
are honest with yourself.
 Always be neat and clean in your appearance and keep your things
orderly.
 Be interested in and devoted to whatever you do.
 Strive to do your best in undertakings.

HUMAN RELATIONS
A human relation is the art of knowing people, relating with them, and
maintaining and keeping their friendship. Developing effectiveness in human
relations requires understanding of human behavior. The following are ways to
achieve good human relations.
 When there is nothing to say, better silent
 Keep promises
 Always say kind words to others
 Be interested to others
 Be cheerful
 Be open minded
 Let your virtues speak for themselves
 Don’t hurt others feeling
 Keep your disposition sweet
 Have humors

Adjusting to different work situations

Proper training enables to cope with different work situations. It is the training
ground that allows one to enjoy various working conditions that gives the
batter. It gives you the opportunity to simulate work situations.

 Set a good working mood. Starting with a very light heart makes work
pleasant and enjoyable.
 When assigned in a different work environment, remember that this is an
opportunity that training gives. You have to be flexible to enjoy work.
 Study carefully how you can fit into the work environment.
 Try to prove to others that you can do the work.
 Remember that in training, the more practices you get, the better
prepared for employment you become.
 Listen carefully
 Don’t monopolize. Try to listen to the ideas of other people around you.
Keep an open mind to the suggestion and comment of others.
 Adapt your thought speed.
Cultivating Patience and Self Discipline

Training and employment require that you cultivate patience and self
discipline with other people and while working in a certain task. In calculation
of these virtues is however, easier said done. Certain guidelines may then be
important in the task of building up patience and self discipline.
Patience

 Condition your mind that any difficult situation needs to be studied

thoroughly and therefore may need more time to produce results.
 Learn how to wait. Positive results are commensurate to the amount of
effort you put in.
 Try to soften the pain and troubles you encounter. Great difficulties
should teach you to redouble you efforts.
 If you expect to be attended to at once but others get it instead, consider
the situation that others may badly need attention more than you do.
Priority has to prevail.
 When angered by as troublesome situation, count ten and if still angry
count as m any as you can until your anger subsides. By then you shall
have fully controlled your anger and may be capable of deciding wisely.
 When things wrong and it doesn’t seem to be your day, don’t despair.
Tomorrow is another day.

Self – Discipline

 Always have control of one’s thinking; well- thought actions control your
other actions.

GAINING SELF – CONFIDENCE IN DOING A CERTAIN TASK

 Start with a strong and persistent drive to gain self- confidence;

 Have a strong and firm faith and respect in yourself;
 Assess your capabilities and limitations; Know thoroughly what you are
going to do;
 Set your mind on what you want to accomplish;
 Act and work confidently;
 Practice!!!;
 Never be discouraged by defeat or failure;
 Always have a positive conviction that you can do what any other has
done;
Values
 The great Greek philosopher saw values as guide to excellence in
thinking and action. In this context, values are standards which we strive to
achieve. Values are practical habits that enable us to achieve our mission and
corporate purpose.

The 10 Primary Values at BB&T

 Reality (Fact-based)
What if we want to be better, we must act within the context of
reality (the facts). Business and individuals often make serious mistakes
by making decisions based on what they “wish was so ‘” or based on
theories which are disconnected from reality. The foundation for quality
decision making is a careful understanding of the facts.
 Reason (Objectivity)
Mankind has a specific means of survival, which is his ability to
think, i.e., his capacity to reason logically from the facts of reality as
presented to his five senses. A lion has claws to hunt. A deer has
swiftness to avoid the hunter. Man has his ability to think. There is only
one “natural resources “the human kind.”
Clear thinking is not automatic. It requires intellectual discipline
and begins with sound premises based on observed facts (induction) and
able to apply general principles to the solution of specific problems
(deduction). You must be able to think in an integrated way, thereby
avoiding logical contradictions.

 Independent Thinking
We learn a great deal from each other. However, each of us thinks
alone. Our minds are not physically connected. In this regard, each of us
must be willing to make an independent judgment of the facts based on
our capacity to think logically. Just because the “crowd” says it so, does
not make it so.
In this context, each of us is responsible for our own actions. Each
of us is responsible for our own actions. Each of us is responsible for our
personal success or failure, i.e., it is not the bank’s fault if someone does
not achieve his objectives.

 Productivity
WE are committed to being producers of wealth and well-being by
taking the action necessary to accomplish our mission. The tangible
evidence of our productivity is that we have rationally allocated capital
through our lending and investment process, and that we have provided
needed services to our clients in an efficient manner resulting in superior
profitability.
 Profitability is a measure of the difference in the economic value of
the products/ services we produce and the cost of producing these
products/ services. In a long- term context and in a free market, the
bigger the profit, the batter. This is true not only from our stakeholders’
perspective (which would be enough justification), but also in term of the
impact of our work on society as a whole.
Healthy profits represent productive work.
 Honesty
Being honest is simply being consistent with reality, which is
therefore self- defeating. A primary reason that individuals fail is because
they become disconnected from reality, pretending that facts are other
than they are.
To be honest does not require that we know everything. Knowledge
is always contextual and man is not omniscient. However, we must be
responsible for saying what we mean and meaning what we say.
 Justice( Fairness)
Individuals should be evaluated and rewarded objectively (for
better or for worse) based on their contributions toward accomplishing
our mission and adherence to our values. Those who contribute the most
should receive the most.
The single most significant way in which employees evaluate their
manager is just. Employees become extremely unhappy (and rightly so)
when they perceive that a person who is not contributing is over-
rewarded or a strong contributor is under-rewarded.
If we do not reward those who contribute the most, they will leave
and our organization will be less successful. Even more important, if
there is no reward for superior performance, the average person will not
be motivated to maximize his productivity.
 Pride
Pride is the psychological reward we earn from living by our values,
i.e., from being just, honest, having integrity, being an independent
thinker, being productive and rational. Aristotle believed that “earned
“pride (not arrogance” was the higher of virtues, because it presupposed
all the others. Striving for earned pride simply reinforces the importance
of having high moral values.
Each of us must perform our work in a manner as to be able to be
justly proud of what we have accomplished.

 Teamwork/Mutual (Supportiveness)
 While independent thought and strong personal goals are critically
important, our work is accomplished within teams, with respect for our
fellow employees, while acting in a mutually supportive manner.
Our work at BB&T is so complex that it requires an integrated
effort among many people to accomplish important tasks. While we are
looking for self-motivated and independent thinking individuals, these
individuals must recognize that almost nothing at BB&T can be
accomplished without the help of their team members. One of the
responsibilities of leadership in our organization is to ensure that each
individual is rewarded based on their contribution to the success of the
total team. We need outstanding individuals working together to create
an outstanding team.

DESIRABLE WORK TRAITS

 Self reliance
A worker should learn to accomplish the job assigned to her/
im and should not depend on others for tasks that she/ he can do.
 Perfection
good worker does not stop until she/he gets excellent results. She / he is happy when
she/ he sees what he has produced meets the standard set by
her/his supervisor.
 Responsibility
very company has its own rules and regulations. It is the responsibility of each and every
worker to follow them.
 Perseverance
e patient in handling task. Try to finish your work assignment on time, no matter how
boring it is.
 Ability to follow instruction
Make everything clear before your start on your task. Read and understand the instruction.
If something is vague, don’t be afraid to ask.
 Attitude towards supervisor
ou cannot attain success all by yourself. You need to bring other people into your lives. You
cannot afford to get along without them. Try to develop a smooth
relationship with your co- workers. Be ready to lend a helping
hand. Surely, when the time comes when you need their help they
would be more than willing to give it to you.
 Dependability
ou must be relied upon to perform other tasks. Make your supervisors feel you are there
when you are needed, producing the right outputs.
 Personality
ersonal qualities and characteristics are important. At all timed, make sure you conduct
yourself properly to gain respect. Do away with bad behaviors that
 will offend others. Pay attention to your appearance. Be neat and
clean every time you report to work.

THE DON’TS WHEN WORKING

 Don’t create false impressions

e yourself. Don’t try to impress your supervisors nor your co-workers by pretending to be
what you are not. Exert effort rather than impress.
 Don’t steal credit
most of the work is done by your co-workers give his/her credit for it. Don’t “steal” the
credit or acknowledge the work as yours because of the desire to
advance in position.
 Don’t slander others
Making up stories to put down others is foolish. This will never pay-off. Never gossip about
the misdeeds or misfortune others.
 Don’t be a blind follower
he company/ industry has set policies and guidelines of employees/ workers to follow. If
your supervisor gives you orders that you very well know are
against company/ industry rules, don’t accept the order.
 Don’t openly criticize company/ industry policies/ directives
you feel the need to challenge certain industry policies, be tactful. Choose the right place
and the right time.
 Don’t carry your problems to work
ife is not problem free. All of us experience domestic problems., If these problems crop up,
leave them at home when you face your work.
 Don’t be Ms. “ Scatterbrain”
rioritize your task from the most important to the least important. Accomplish the more
important ones first. Don’t spent more time on unimportant job
than it’s warrants.

 Don’t be braggart
s you start to taste the sweetness of success, don’t forget that what goes up can go down.
So remain humble.

THE DO’S WHEN WORKING

 Improve yourself
Don’t allow yourself to stagnate. Read books and attend seminars/ trainings that are job-
related even at your own expense.
 When there are no chances to grow
 ook for other possibilities. Capitalize on your experience. If you find yourself in a dead-end
job meaning there are no promotions and no opportunities to move
up, you can explore other job opportunities. You are now more
equipped to venture on this exploration.
 Hobbies
Having outside interest can make you more interesting person which in turn will help you
become a more effective worker.
 Have a sense of humor
 Smile
Do your job with a smile. It takes less facial muscles to smile than to frown. Service with a
smile guarantees more business. Nothing else carries much weight
than a smile. The more you smile, the more you impress others
favorably
 Be friendly and quietly confident
When your personality exudes these qualities everyone soften up to you.

Self Check # 3.1-4

Learn your mastery in Information Sheet 1 by solving the problems below.

Test 1. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the
given choices.
1. 1.To provide service to everyone without unfair discrimination
regardless of party affiliation or preference.
a. Commitment to Democracy
b. Justness and Sincerity
c. Nationalism and Patriotism
d. Political Neutrality
2. To commit themselves to the democratic way of life and values,
maintain the principles of public accountability and manifest by
deeds the supremacy of civilian authority over the military.
a. Commitment to Democracy
b. Justness and Sincerity
c. Nationalism and Patriotism
 d. Political Neutrality
3. To remain true to the people at all times
a. Commitment to Democracy
b. Justness and Sincerity
c. Nationalism and Patriotism
d. Political Neutrality
4. Be patient in handling task, try to finish your work assignment on
time, no matter how boring it is.
a. Perfection
b. Perseverance
c. Self reliance
d. Responsibility
5. A good worker does not stop until she/he gets excellent results.
a. Perfection
b. Perseverance
c. Self reliance
d. Responsibility

The trainee’s underpinning knowledge was

Satisfactory Not Satisfactory

Feedback to trainee:

Trainee Signature : Date:

Trainer Signature : Date:

SELF CHECK ANSWER KEY 3.1-4

1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
 LEARNING OUTCOME #2 SET AND MEET PRIORITIES

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA :

1. Competing demands to achieve personal, team and organizational goals

and objectives are prioritized
2. Resources are utilized efficiently and effectively to manage work priorities
and commitments.
3. Practices and economic use and maintenance of equipment and facilities
are followed as per established procedures.
4. Job targets within key result areas are attained.

CONTENTS :
- Organizational KRAs
- Work values and Ethical Standards
- Company policies on the use and maintenance of equipment
CONDITIONS :

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

Learning guides
Transparencies
CD’s

METHODOLOGIES:

Group Discussion/ Interaction

Simulation
Demonstration

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

Role Play Identifying trainings and career opportunities

Career advancement
Relevance of licenses and certificates
Interview
Written Examination

LEARNING EXPERIENCES
 LEARNING OUTCOME # 2 SET AND MEET PRIORITIES

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1.Read information sheet 3.2-1 If you have some problem on the
anizational Key result areas content of the information sheets
don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheets, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module.
2.Answer self-check # 3.2-1 Refer your answer to answer key 3.2-
1.
3.Read information sheet 3.2-2 on If you have some problem on the
Work values and ethical standards content of the information sheets
don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheets, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module.
4.Answer self check 3.2-2 Refer your answer to answer key 3.2-
2
5.Read information sheet 3.2-3 on If you have some problem on the
Company policies on the use and content of the information sheets
maintenance of equipment don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheets, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module.
6.Answer self-check 3.2-3 Refer your answer to answer key 3.2-
3
INFORMATION Sheet 3.2-1

KEY RESULTS AREA

Learning Objectives: After reading this information sheet, the student/

trainee should be able to;
1. Know the importance of key result areas in the world of work
“Clearly defined Key Results Areas means taking career ownership”

KRA’s is an acronym for ‘Key Results Area’. Having clearly defined Key
Results Areas enables you to take ownership of your job and to accept
responsibility for those areas in which achieving results are your responsibility.

Key Results Areas enable you to:

 Have clearly defined and achievable goals.

  Measure your progress during the year in terms of identified targets.
 Manage your skills development.
 Identify areas for development (skills gaps which exist).
 Contribute to the company’s wealth creation.
 Obtain timely feedback that will allow you to change direction when
needed.
 Promote an environment of self-management.

The diagram indicates the all-important area of

overlap in which you can make Key Results Areas

What's the difference between my position in the company, my roles and my tasks?

Your function is your job title i.e. Sales Manager.

Your roles are your different areas of responsibility

(KRA's - Key Results Areas), for instance:

 Managing your team and their performance;

 Applying selling skills to meet targets;
 Providing technical skills training for other team members; etc.

Your tasks are the activities that you have to perform in order to carry out your
roles, for Instance:

 Product presentations and demonstrations;

 Sales calls;
 Proposals and quotations; etc.
Your function is defined by the key roles you play in terms of agreed success
factors.
Your roles tend to remain constant while your tasks may change in line with
changing circumstances and targets.

How do I go about defining my Key Results Areas?

 Product presentations and demonstrations;

 Sales calls;

Writing your Key Results Areas:

Write down your Key Results Areas using the SMARTM process

What? Value Add?

S – Specific What must be done?

M – Measurable When is it done?

A – Achievable Why can I do it?

R – Results What's in it for me?

T – Timing When must it be done?

M – Monitor Monitoring

Having your goals clearly defined makes it easier to change something along
the way if this should become necessary.

How do I go about managing my performance?

Managing your performance will be no headache if you make the steps below a
personal ritual that you follow conscientiously at regular intervals.
Managing for performance

 Review regularly - Keep a copy in your diary.

Has your job focus changed?
Has the company changed focus?
 Drop unfocused Key Results Areas and add new ones.
 Regularly check progress.
Are you on target to reach your goals?
Who can help?
What can be done to assist you?
 Obtain your manager's feedback.
 Manage your relationship with your mentor
 Self Check # 3.2-1
TRUE OR FALSE:

Write True if the statement is correct, Write False if the statement is wrong.
Write your answers on a separate sheet.

1.Roles are different areas of responsibility.

2. Always mange your relationship with your mentor.

3. Roles do not remain constant.

4. Key Results Areas enables you to take ownership of your job and to accept
responsibility for those areas in which achieving results are your responsibility.

5. Tasks are the activities that you have to perform in order to carry out your
roles.

ANSWER KEY: 3.2-1

 1. True
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. True

INFORMATION SHEET # 3.2-2

WORK VALUES AND ETHICAL STANDARDS

Learning objectives:
1.Know the values that an employer’s look for in employees.
2.Learn the ethical standards of behavior.
Good personal values are what make the foundation for a good employee.
Internships are an excellent time to show employers that you have the personal
traits that they value in their employees. Do not make the mistake of missing
the opportunity to show your supervisors at your internship that you have
what it takes to be successful on the job as well as possessing the personal
characteristics they value. An internship is an opportunity to learn the skills
and behaviors along with the work values that are required for success in the
workplace.
Top 10 Values that an Employers Look for in Employees.
 Strong Work Ethics employers value employees who understand and
possess a willingness to work hard. In addition to working hard it is also
important to work smart. This means learning the most efficient way to
complete tasks and finding ways to save time while completing daily
assignments.
 Dependable and Responsible employers value employees who come to
work on time, are there when they are suppose to be, and are responsible
for their actions and behavior.
 Possessing a Positive Attitude employers seek employees who take the
initiative and have the motivation to get the job done in a reasonable
period of time. A positive attitude gets the work done and motivates
others to do the same without dwelling on the challenges that inevitably
come up in any job.
 Adaptability employers seek employees who are adaptable and maintain
flexibility in completing tasks in an ever changing workplace.
 Honesty and Integrity employers value employees who maintain a
sense of honesty and integrity above all else. Good relationships are built
on trust.
 Self – Motivated employers look for employees who require little
supervision and direction to get the work done in a timely and
professional manner.
 Motivated to Grow & Learn in an ever-changing workplace, employers
seek employees who are interested in keeping up with new developments
and knowledge in the field.
 Strong Self – Confidence self-confidence has been recognized as the key
ingredient between someone who is successful and someone who is not.
A self – confident person is someone who inspires others.
 Professionalism employers value employees who exhibit professional
behavior at all times.
Professional behavior includes ;

 She/he learn every aspect of a job and doing it to the best of one’s
ability.
  look, speak, and dress accordingly to maintain an image of
someone who takes pride in their behavior and appearance.
 complete projects as soon as possible and avoid letting
uncompleted projects pile up.
 complete high quality work and are detail oriented.
 enthusiastic about their work and optimistic about the
organization and its future.
 Loyalty employers value employees they can trust and who exhibit their
loyalty to the company. Companies offering employee growth and
opportunity will ultimately gain a sense of loyalty from their employees

HERE ARE SEVERAL POINTERS TO SET RIGHT MOOD FOR JOB

 Find meaning or purpose in what you are doing.
 Review your plan for possible flaws which you may encounter in the
initial stage of your work, look out for something which may affect your
spirit.
 Consult others who had already experienced the same job. From them
you will get enough encouragement and you would know what to expect
if something goes wrong along the way.
 Connect yourself as a beginner. As one, you’ll be surprised that you are
capable of doing right things.
 Think positively, always feel like a winner. No obstacle will hinder your
desire to start right when you have set the right mood for job.

AN EFFECTIVE TEAM WORK

The success of any undertaking depends upon the attitude of the

involved in it, how effective they are individually and as a team. An effective
work team must possess the following characteristic;

 A team work should be free from emotional tension.

 Members should be genuinely involved and interested in the teams
effort.
 Every member should practice.
 Each one should show no signs of boredom.
 There should be free discussion of issues but strictly to the subject
matter.
 When action is taken and work assignment are made, members should
accept their responsibilities.
 No one should be allowed to dominate the group. Leadership should shift
time to time.
 SOME ETHICAL STANDARDS AND BEHAVIORS

 Attendance employees are more inclined to hire a prospective employee

who is never absent from work unless it's absolutely necessary
 Communication If you're going to be absent from work, you should
make every effort to call or email your supervisor and let them know that
you're not going to be there. In addition, if a problem arises on the job
then you should make every effort to let your supervisor know, so that
the problem may be resolved in the most timely and effective manner.
 Attitude is also a very important work ethic. When you are at work, you
should project an attitude that shows you care about doing your job, and
doing your job well. You should also be willing to take on those
occasional additional projects or help out a colleague that may be having
a difficult time.
 Productivity is managing your work priorities. You should work on the
more difficult tasks first, and save the less difficult tasks for those days
when you don't have a lot to accomplish, or for when you don't feel
mentally up to the challenges that more difficult tasks can sometimes
create.
 Respect. On the job, there is a great chance that you will encounter a
wide variety of customers and co-workers from a wide variety of
backgrounds and life circumstances. While it is most certainly your right
to agree or disagree with everything your co-workers and customers
represent, or how they present themselves as people, at the very least,
you should respect them, because they're human beings, working
towards man of the same company goals as you.

 Uniforms
ou are expected to wear uniforms and ID you should not keep soiled uniform in your locker.
Instead, it should be taken home for washing. This will enable you
to wear fresh uniforms daily.

 Cleanliness/ orderliness
 Shop Area
 Stock materials orderly and safety
 Classify materials according to their uses and stock them
properly.
 Make sure your tool room is clean. Free from flammable
substances or chemicals.
 Arrange your tools well, make sure broken ones are kept safely
to avoid accident.
  Always dust shelves and cupboard tops; this will prevent you
catching colds.
 Use your locker properly, never deposit soiled or damp clothes
inside to prevent foul smell.
 Keep your locker always locked when you are not around and
clean it properly regularly.

 Comfort Rooms clean toilet be speaks of the kind of occupant

who use it. You have an to keep it clean by observing the
following rules:
 Use the toilet properly; flash it every after use. If toilet is
provided make sure you dispose it properly.
 Don’t squat on the toilet bowl it is unsanitary.
 Report to the authorities if the toilet is clogged.
 Never put into the toilet bowl hard or thick paper which will not
dissolved easily.
 Lavatory and Shower
 Use the lavatory properly; clean off food particles before
washing utensils.
 Scrape off sticky soil before washing the garden tools. Report
immediately to the maintenance authority when clogging
occurs.
 Grounds/ lawns
 Never litter scrap papers or plastic wrappers in the ground.
Throw them in the trash can and cover them properly.
 Never throw food particles in the lawn so as not to attract flies
and other harmful insects.
 Prevention of properly losses
 Checking out of properties
 Certificate of clearance
 Inter – trainee relations
 You are expected to maintain friendly relationship among co-
workers, which means you are expected to treat with due
consideration and respect.
 Safety and first aid
 The correct way of doing any activity must be coupled with safe
practices.
 Learn to work without hurting yourself or endangering fellow
trainees. You must do your share of keeping the area/ place
safe.
  Safety Habits

Obeying safety signs such as:

 no smoking zone
 danger
 high voltage
 out of order
 for inspections
 keep out
 restricted area

 Getting proper instruction for the operation of instruments,

machinery and equipment.
 Requesting assistance from the trainer when not sure of how a
machinery or equipment works.
 Fixing your hair properly or removing all accessories such as
hairclips and jewelries so that they do not destruct you
while working.
 Familiarizing one with authority warning calls.
 Knowing the nearest exit and fire extinguishers. Using the fire
extinguishers when needed and report it immediately to your
trainer after use.
 Keep away from sharp/pointed objects that may hurt you.
 Return tools and material in their proper places while on a
particular job to give others a chance to use them.
 Wearing of proper working uniform
  Wearing gloves, goggles, lab oratory gowns, boots and other safety
gadgets, apron as prescribed

SELF CHECK # 3.2-2

Test 1. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the
given choices.

1. Learning the most efficient way to complete tasks and finding ways to
save time while completing daily assignments

b. Honesty

ng work ethics
2. The enthusiastic employee who creates an environment of good will
and who provides a positive role model for others.
a. Adaptability
b. Honesty
c. Integrity
d. Positive attitude

3. maintain flexibility in completing tasks in an ever changing

workplace.
a. Adaptability
b. Honesty
c. Integrity
d. Positive attitude

4. It has been recognized as the key ingredient between someone who is

successful and someone who is not.
a. self - awareness
b. Self- confidence
c. Self – motivated
d. self – respect

5. One who requires little supervision and direction to get the work done
in a timely and professional manner.
a. self - awareness
b. Self - confidence
c. Self – motivated
d. self – respect

6. A set of common character traits looked in a potential employee.

a) Doctoral degree
 b) Filipino values (Utang na Loob)
c) Physical features
d) Work ethics

7. An important work ethics that should not be made as routine habit.

a. Attendance
b. Communication
c. Productivity
d. Respect

8. A work ethics done if one is to be absent from work

a. Attendance
b. Communication
c. Productivity
d. Respect

9. Working, setting priorities, working on the more difficult task first

saving the less difficult task for the days when one cannot have a lot to
accomplish

a. Attendance
b. Communication
c. Productivity
d. Respect
10. Showing care about doing your job and doing your job well.
a. Attitude
b. Character traits
c. Set priorities
d. dedication

The trainee’s underpinning knowledge was

Satisfactory Not Satisfactory
Feedback to trainee:

Trainee Signature : Date:

Trainer Signature : Date:

ANSWER KEY 3.2-2

1. d
2. d
3 .a
4. c
5. c
6. d
7. b
8. b
9. c
10.d

INFORMATION SHEET # 3.2-3

Learning objectives:

1. Know the importance of company policies.

2. Identify job description to job performance.
 COMPANY POLICIES ON THE USE AND MAINTENANCE OF EQUIPMENT

A policies and procedures manual is a book that describes in detail

policies, or rules, and procedures that identify the course of action to be taken
to address a policy issue.
An example of a policy would be company rules that address smoking tobacco
products in the workplace. Specifically the policy could state that smoking is
not allowed within 25 feet of the building. There must also be a procedure to
follow in case the policy is violated.

 Job Descriptions

o Job descriptions are a very important part of any policies and procedures
manual. Each employee should have a job description contained within
the policies and procedures manual that outlines exactly what is
expected on a daily basis. A job description for a receptionist may state
that the receptionist must be seated at his desk to greet clients and
answer the phone except while on authorized breaks.

o The procedure involving the job description may require the receptionist
to contact his immediate supervisor if it becomes necessary for him to
leave his desk for any reason other than an authorized break.

 Job Performance

o An employee who is not performing according to the specifications

identified in her job description is a liability. The policy toward
such an employee could be that any employee that fails to perform
her duties as outlined in her job description will be issued three
warnings.

he procedure to be followed in this instance could be that any supervisor who identifies that
said employee is not performing the job as identified in her job
description must be given a verbal warning first. If the problems
persist, a written warning would be issued. Finally, if the
nonperformance were to continue the policy could call for a
termination notice.

 Tardiness

o Business ventures face tremendous challenges. Making sure

employees arrive to work on time promotes continuity.
n example of a policy that addresses employee attendance would be issuing a written
warning to any employee that is more than five minutes late three
times in a 30-day period. The procedure to address continued
tardiness would be to provide counseling to any employee who is
more than five minutes late three times in a 30-day period. It could
also call for penalties that might accelerate on a case-by-case
basis.

 Job Abandonment

o Policies and procedures manuals must provide for every

contingency. An employee that abandons his job has a direct effect
on his employer's profitability and productivity. A policy that
provides a method to address job abandonment may state that any
employee that does not report to work for three consecutive days,
and does not call his immediate supervisor, will be terminated.

he procedure identified in the policies and procedures manual might state that if an
employee does not call in advance to report her absence, thereby
having the absence reclassified as excused, for three consecutive
days will be terminated due to job abandonment.

 Customers

o Customers are the lifeblood of any business. There must be

policies and procedures documented in detail that deal with issues
like refunds and exchanges. A return policy for a retail store could
state that any customer returning an item must have a receipt.
The procedure concerning returns may state that a supervisor
must be notified if a customer comes to return an item without a
receipt.
 SELF CHECK 3.2-3

Multiple Choice: Read and understand the questions below. Write the word of
the correct answer in a separate answer sheet.

1.It is a book that describes the rules of the company.

a. companion

b. company policies

c. company

d. job description

2. It is the lifeblood of any business

a. customers

b. sales

c. jobs

d. manuals

3. Arriving at the workplace after the required entry time.

 

odiness

piness

iness

ness

4.Refers to whether a person is performing their job well.

a. job description
b. job induction
c. job training
d. job performance

5. Neglecting one’s work

a. job description
b. job induction
c. job abandonment
d. job performance
 ANSWER KEY 3.2-3

1. Company policies
2. Customers
3. Tardiness
4. Job performance
5. Job abandonment
 LEARNING OUTCOME # 3

MAINTAIN PROFESSIONAL GROWTH AND

DEVELOPMENT

CONTENTS :

- Qualification standards

- Professionalism in the workplace

- Relevance of licenses and certificates

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA :

1. Training and career opportunities relevant to the job requirements are

identified and availed.
2. Licenses and or certifications according to the requirements qualifications
are acquired and maintained.
3. Fundamental rights at work including gender sensitivity are manifested
/observed.
4. Training and career opportunities based on the requirements of industry
are completed and updated.

CONDITIONS :

The students/ trainees must be provided with the following:

Hand outs
CD’s on professionalism in the workplace

METHODOLOGIES:

Group Discussion/ Interaction

Simulation
Film Viewing
ASSESSMENT METHODS:

Demonstration
Interview
Written Examination
 LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Activities Special Instructions

nformation sheet 3.3-1 on Qualification standards If you have some problem on the
content of the information sheets
don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheets, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module.
2.Answer self-check 3.3-1 Refer your answer to answer key 3.3-
1

3.Read Information sheet 3.3-2 on If you have some problem on the

content of the information sheets
Professionalism in the Workplace
don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheets, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module
4.Answer Self-check 3.3-2 Refer your answer to answer key 3.3-
2
 If you have some problem on the
a. 5.Read information sheet 3.3-3
content of the information sheet
nce of Certificates and Licenses’ don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheet, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module.
6.Answer self-check 3.3-3 Refer your answer to answer key 3.3-
3.

INFORMATION SHEET # 3.3-1

After reading this information sheet, the student/trainee

should be able to:
1.Know the qualification standards of a worker.
2.Learn professionalism in the work area.

QUALIFICATION STANDARDS

Qualification standards are intended to identify applicants who are

likely to be able to perform successfully on the job, and to screen out those
who are unlikely to do so.

Some qualities that an individual meet to

earn respect

 Upgrade the image and appreciation of professional technicians in the

eyes of the public,
 Upgrade the skill level of technicians (particularly the skill of dealing with
customers), and
 Recognize outstanding individuals who live up to the "ideal" standards
with prizes and awards.

If we would like to become a professional we

need to observe the following :

1. Work ethic this was described as being honest, dependable and

resourceful. Other important aspects of the work ethic include loyalty
and being a "team player."
2. Job knowledge the working professionals who responded to the survey
said you cannot be a top notch professional if you do not know your job.
Experience is what counts, and the more you have of it the better.
3. Communication skills the ability to explain things (and with proper
grammar, too) why a is necessary or why it is being recommended is an
essential skill today for dealing with the public.
4. Technical skills & training Though it might be argued that this item
should have been ranked number one, apparently most professionals
consider the previous three criteria to be more important today. Even so,
technical knowledge (including an understanding of basic mechanics,
electricity, electronics, diagnostics, etc.) is a "must."
5. Career path how you came to be a technician is also an important
criterion. This includes the formal training and experience you have had,
ASE certification, etc.
6. Coping skills the ability to handle stress is absolutely essential to
survive in today's fast paced, high pressure work environment. But so
too is the ability to deal with customer complaints and other frustrations
 that are part of the job. Also the ability to exercise flexibility, initiative,
good judgment and discretion.
7. Appearance though ranked last on the list, appearance is by no means
less important than any of the previous criteria for success. Included
here are such things as wearing a clean uniform to work, neat
appearance, etc. And if you are a service writer or advisor, you had better
wear a tie.

es Of Qualifications Which May Be Added To “ Summary Of Standards Qualification

 Cultural and ethnic diversity

 Ability to relate to individuals from diverse ethnic, cultural and
socioeconomic backgrounds and to work with them in a fair,
supportive and cooperative manner.
 Possess understanding or willingness to learn issues affecting the
retention, advancement and matriculation of underrepresented
students.
 Experience working with students from diverse backgrounds and a
demonstrated commitment to improving access to higher education
for disadvantages students
 Candidate should describe previous activities mentoring women,
minorities, students with disabilities or other under- represented
groups.
 Education, licenses, certificates
 OR “ such as attained through upper division coursework “OR”
equivalent combination of education and experience.
 Equipment, Instrumentation, Machinery
Ability to use hand tools, small power tools and test equipment.

Note: for more specific equipment qualifications, contact your personnel/

payroll representative
 Financial
 Experience with or knowledge of budget, travel, accounting and
purchasing procedures.
 Math skills sufficient to calculate and monitor payments
accurately.
 Knowledge of basic accounting principles and procedures
sufficiently to oversee, manage and project budgets.
 Ability to make judgments regarding alternative means of
procuring materials or services based on cost and serviceable.
 Interpersonal and Communication Skills (Written’ Verbal)
 Ability to develop and give oral presentation to both large and
small groups.
  Ability to recall, retrieve and communicate detailed or technical
information clearly, accurately and concisely and to non-technical
audience/ customers.
 Leadership
 Excellent leadership skills with demonstrated abilities to resolve
diverse problems, to understand the importance of structure,
organization, resource management and to complete critical tasks
in a timely manner.
 Management
 Leadership, planning and problem- solving skills.
 Excellent analytical skills
 Ability to manage a unit including developing procedures,
participate in program planning and analysis or qualitative review
to determine appropriate actions.
 Political acumen sufficient to establish and maintain effective
working relationships with diverse constituents
 Ability to set priorities in a complex environment in a changing
organization and environment.
 Organizational Skills, Priorities, Deadlines
 Demonstrated flexibility and excellent organizational skills with
ability to prioritize work and function independently completing a
high volume of forms and variety of tasks accurately and with close
attention to detail under pressure of deadlines with frequent
interruption or destructions.
 Organizational and time management skills sufficient to
independently establish priorities and coordinate and complete
competing assignments within established timeframes.
 Ability to prioritize work and work accurately under pressure of
deadlines with frequent interruptions.
 Ability to maintain organized records.
 Ability to work quickly, accurately and independently in a fast-
paced environment.
 Ability to plan activities and programs such as meetings ,
orientation and retreats.

 Policy Interpretation
 Ability to ensure compliance to applicable laws, guidelines,
policies. Procedures and practices.
 Ability to learn and apply a variety of policies and procedures.
 Ability to assimilate from oral or written sources, a broad
knowledge of campus ( and external agencies, if applicable )
policies and procedures and apply them with consistency to
individual situations.

 Supervisory
  Experience or ability to supervise staff (e.g. hire, train, assign
work, motivate and manage performance).
 Ability to supervise trainees/ students.

 Team work
 Demonstrate ability to work efficiently as a part of a team.
 Ability to work efficiently as a member of team and establish and
maintain cooperative working relationships with diverse groups of
faculty, staff and the public
 SELF-CHECK 3.3-1
Test 1. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of the correct answer
from the given choices:

_______1. Ability to manage a unit including developing procedures,

participate in program planning and analysis or qualitative review to
determine appropriate actions.
a. Management
b. Supervisory
c. Leadership
d. Policy interpretation
_______2. Experience or ability to supervise staff, trainees/ students.
a. Management
b. Supervisory
c. Leadership
d. Policy interpretation
_______3. The ability to resolve diverse problems, to understand the
importance of structure, organization, resource management and to
complete critical tasks in a timely manner.
a. Management
b. Supervisory
c. Leadership
d. Policy interpretation
_______4. Ability to ensure compliance to applicable laws, guidelines,
policies, procedures and practices.
a. Management
b. Supervisory
c. Leadership
d. Policy interpretation
_______5.The ability to handle stress is absolutely essential to survive in
today's fast paced, high pressure work environment.
A .Communication skill
b. Coping skill
 c. Organizational skill
d. Technical skill

Feedback to trainee:

Trainee Signature : Date:

Trainer Signature : Date:

SELF CHECK ANSWER KEY 3.3-1

1.A
2.B.
3. C
4. D
5. B.
 INFORMATION SHEET # 3.3-2

PROFESSIONALISM IN THE WOKPLACE

Learning Objectives: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST

be able to:

1.Define professionalism
2.Identify Career choices

Projecting a Professional Image

If you are employed in a company or you represent a professional group or

an organization, the clients and customers whom you encounter on the job will
perceive you as the company or the organization you represent. You are the
hotel, or the travel agency, etc. Clients are not particular as to who you are or
what your name is. All that they see is you as the living image of the company.
Thus, the way you look, talk and act will reflect the corporate image. For
instance, bellboys who escort hotel guests in casual T-shirts and rubber shoes,
create an impression that the hotel is of “low class”.

One lady shared with me her experience in one of the de luxe hotel where
she was told by a lady attendant “ “Madam, we have a dress code here”. You
are not in proper attire”. This was said in front of her associates and she was
certainly very much embarrassed. So she told me “ I hate that hotel. Never
again will I go there”. With this isolated experience, the lady customer has
made a general impression of impolite hotel service even though only one
attendant is guilty of the offense.

Since service personnel make or unmake the image of their company, it is

important that they carry themselves in a professional manner. Customers
expect to meet professional sales clerks, tour guides, counter attendants,
waiters, desk clerks, receptionists or sales representatives.
 Being a professional does not only require mastery of knowledge and skills
with respect to a certain profession, or of passing a professional or career
exams or earning degree. It is a character that demonstrates certain qualities
and attitudes and a commitment to professional ethics. One must be a
professional in all respects- in one’s appearance or physical projection,
language and communications as well as in attitudes and manners. We can
find career practitioners who have earned various degrees, possessing
professional license yet their ways are far from being a real professional.

The three Dimensions of Professionalism

A. Physical projection – this includes:

Proper Grooming – clean cut, no body odor, clean fingernails,

well pressed uniform etc.
Good posture – straight body, no hands on pocket, relaxed
Natural smile
Eye contact but not an sneering look
Absence of unpleasant mannerism like scratching hair, biting nails, etc.
Pleasant disposition
Oral hygiene, no bad breadth
Appropriate make up for women

B. Verbal projection

Being careful with tone, pitch and body language tone must be warm
Well-modulated voice
Speaking with authority- ability to explain and justify ideas, readiness
To answer questions. This gives an impression that one knows what
He is talking about.
Tactfulness- saying the right things on the right time and in the right
Place
Assertiveness in expressing oneself- sensitivity to the feelings of others

C. Behavior and Performance

Adherence to professional/industry standards of service

Compliance to standard operating procedure
Assertive behavior
 Adherence to work ethics and respect for protocol
Being discreet with confidential matters
Practice of social graces, proper table manners, telephone courtesy
Appropriate behavior in public

Professionalism means avoiding bad habits at work like:

 Yawning
 Grouping together with other staff for a chat while on duty
 Shouting, giggling, loud conversation
 Daydreaming, eavesdropping
 Indulging in customer’s private conversations
 Putting hands on pocket and playing with pocket coin
 Leaning on walls, tables and chairs
 Sneering or staring look
 Chewing gum while on duty or while talking to customers
 Suggesting or demanding for a tip
 Counting tips in view of customers
 Too much familiarity with the customers
 Bluffing customers
 Reading newspapers/ magazines while on duty
 Use of rude and insulting language
 Pointing at something or someone with a finger
 Interrupting customers conversation unless for valid reasons
 Leaving one’s station longer than necessary

Unhygienic practices to be avoided

 Smoking in non- smoking area
 Coughing/sneezing in public without covering the mouth
 Scratching body parts
 Splitting on walls, floor, sink, grounds etc.

For food handlers:

 Tasting food in view of customers

 Handling food with bare hands
 Putting food in dirty tables
 Cooling warm/ hot food by blowing air out of the mouth
 Wiping perspiration with wiping cloth used for service
  Combing hair inside the dining room
 Using strong perfume

Identifying Career Opportunities

You need to consider several different factors when identifying career

choices. Before you decide a particular type of job is right for you, it's
important to give serious thought to what working in that field is really going to
be like. It's certainly important to think about the tasks associated with
performing a particular job. However, thinking about the duties you'll carry out
on a daily basis is not the only consideration.

Geographic Considerations

It's important to think about where you'll need to live in order to work in the
field that you select. With some occupations, employment opportunities are
plentiful in cities and towns of all sizes. Doctors, lawyers, accountants, and
teachers are in demand in all locations. There are also opportunities for
restaurant and retail managers just about everywhere.

Many career fields are specific to particular regions, however. For example,
if you want to be a ski instructor, you need to be prepared to live in an area
known for its ski resorts. If you want to work in television or in the movies,
you'll likely need to relocate to California or New York. If your career plans
include working as a television news reporter or anchor, you'll need to be
prepared to start your career in a small market, with the expectation that
relocation to larger markets will be necessary if you want to advance you your
career.

Compensation Considerations

Before settling on a particular career, it's important to think about how much
money you are likely to earn in that occupation. You certainly want to select an
occupation in which you'll be able to live the type of lifestyle you desire. It's
also important to keep in mind that many of the highest paying occupations
require a significant amount of formal education.
Make sure that you understand exactly how much you'll spend getting the
training you need to enter these types of occupations so you can make an
educated decision about whether or not doing so is in your best interest.

Work Schedule

When you're identifying career choices, it's important to think about the type of
hours you're likely to work when you go to work in the particular fields that
interest you. In some occupations, you can expect to work standard "banker's
hours", but many jobs require shift work, evening or weekend hours, or almost
constant on-call availability. Some fields are ideal for those who need flexibility,
such as freelance writing and direct sales opportunities. Other occupations,
such as teaching and working as a bank teller, require structured work
schedules.

If it's important to you that you be able to be home for dinner with your family
every evening, you won't want to select a field that requires extensive travel or
evening work. Hospitals, for example, must be staffed 24 hours per day. Entry
level hospital employees typically get the least desirable work schedules, as day
shifts are typically made available to tenured employees before new hires.

Benefit Availability

You should also consider the types of benefits you'll be able to get when
identifying career choices. Many universities, for example, offer free or
discounted tuition to employees and their family members. If you want to
continue your education, or make certain that your kids don't have to incur
significant student loan debt, it may be in your best interest to seek
employment in a school environment.

Many individuals select state or federal government employment opportunities

primarily to take advantage of the outstanding retirement benefits associated
with these types of occupations. Even though public school teachers typically
do not earn the highest salaries, their retirement benefits are far superior to
those offered by most private employers.

Making Career Decisions

Identifying career choices is not something that anyone should do lightly.
Before you make a final decision about pursuing a particular line of work, be
sure to consider all the relevant factors.

How to Decide on a Career Field

Deciding on a career may seem daunting but it is easier when you give
yourself a lot of options and time to consider it. Although the idea of a "job for
life" is fast becoming a thing of the past, the field of work which you choose is
important because it will determine where you will spend a good deal of your
working life and will also define how many opportunities you will have to
branch out using your basic skills set. So, choose wisely and select a field that
encompasses as many of your talents as possible, to allow you to the greatest
freedom and leeway for shifting around a field doing different jobs with a good
set of basic skills, along with a good dose of solid confidence in your worth and
abilities.

Steps
1
Begin by determining what you like to do. A lot of people look to others to
determine their career paths: teachers, parents, neighbors and peers. Think
about people you respect and what they do for work. Take time to map out
your wants and to match your skills with skills that are actively sought within
certain field of work. This will involve a fair bit of research work but it is well
worth it.
2
Identify the skills you use when you're doing the thing(s) you enjoy. Look
at the things you are good at doing already. These will give you a very good
indication of what you are likely to enjoy doing by way of a career. For
instance, perhaps you like being with animals. Already this simple but
important enjoyment opens up a very broad field of work for you that
encompasses such possible jobs as caring for animals, veterinary work, racing
animal industry, transporting animals, calming animals (e.g., horse
whispering), making animal clothing and feed items and running a pet store
etc. Once you have identified a potential field, you are then ready to match
your skills.
3
Think of fields broadly. A field of work is far more than a single job. It is an
area in which many jobs or trades are possible and you should be able to
consider your training and interests in terms of looking for a career path that
will give you a shot at least five related types of jobs that are available within
that field. For instance, if you learn engineering, you might consider being an
engineer out in the field (such as oil production), a manager of a site, an office
manager, a trainer of engineering skills and a consultant in engineering. Or, if
you study law, you may want to be a lawyer in a large law firm, a lawyer in
non-profit organization, a team leader in an office of any type (even non-law), a
manager of a company or a writer of corporate compliance manuals. Realize
that the breadth of the field will be determined in part by the training you
receive and also by your own personal, up-to-date "skills set", as well as your
willingness to try new things and to be retrained.
4
Consider cross-field work. When working out what you would like to be and
what you will need to study to get to this point, give consideration to the
possibilities involved in crossing fields; for instance, many teachers are good
with word skills and hence make excellent editors and publishers. Think
outside the square your title bestows (or will bestow) upon you.
5
Learn as much as possible about the qualifications required for fields that
interest you. Library, internet and direct contact research will be required
here. It is also helpful to ask your school, local community services, university
etc. for assistance in career choices and development. Your thorough research
will help you to determine quickly which areas you want to study in, as well as
the depth of study required. Dig deep and look at third and fourth year
subject/skills training requirements as well, so that you don't find any nasty
surprises awaiting you, such as additional time or harder skills that do not
match your interests or abilities.
6
Find people who work in the field and learn from them. Once you have
worked out which specific jobs interest you, speak to those already working in
these areas. This will enable you to hear their suggestions and to ask them
what they like and dislike about the field in which they work. Sometimes you
may even have an opportunity to do some work experience with a place that
interests you, to help you to "get a feel" for the work involved.
7
Evaluate your choice of field according to your own perceptions and the
information you have gathered. Assess the comments you've received, weigh
these up with your research work and add in your own feelings about your
potential career path. This is now the time to decide whether this career
continues to appeal to you. Do not forget to include the type of lifestyle you
would like in the balancing equation. If you make enormous compromises as to
the type of lifestyle that you ultimately want, you may be unhappy and live to
regret this. As such, it is wise to try and combine your career choice with a
lifestyle balance, with minor or short-term compromises rather than major,
long-term ones.
8
Sign up for an educational or training program in the career of your
choice. While studying, do not neglect to take advantage of networking
opportunities and chances to work in your career field either as a volunteer or
in short-term paid positions. These opportunities will give you the best possible
feel for the work and the types of people in the field that you will be working
with. It will help you to filter out any unneeded areas of study or to take on
additional subjects and skills training that may be of possible use and could
help to extend your horizons.
9
Keep positive. When you are finally trained and ready to find that dream
career, the most important thing is to maintain a positive outlook about your
life and to be ready for change, difference and shifts in your comfort zones.
This is the real world and it moves rapidly; it is important to keep up with
changes and to take a positive approach by making opportunities out of
challenges. However, always keep what is unique about you because at the end
of the day, that is the special something many employers are looking for while
they choose from many skilled and educated workers available to them.
It's sometimes difficult to identify the true meaning of "professionalism." Many
individuals use professionalism as a facade to cover their lack ability to
perform their job effectively. Others use it to for intimidation to gain power.
Still others use it as a way to impress the unknowing. However, it seems that
very few individuals use it for its original intent---to provide a foundation for
effective communications and efficient performance.

At a recent career enhancement group discussion I had with a few individuals,

one of the many concerns that kept surfacing was that of "fitting into the
professional environment." But, the question I posed in response was, "What is
professionalism?" The answers varied, but it became evident that the
challenges that these individuals faced in their career was not in their ability to
handle their job, but in their lack of a definitive understanding of
professionalism in their workplace.

SELF CHECK 3.3-2

DO I PROJECT A PROFESSIONAL IMAGE?

Directions: Here are some questions you can ask yourself to check how far
you are from being a professional
 3 2 1 0
always almos rarely never
t
always
A. PHYSICAL PROJECTION
1.Do I wear a uniform that is clean and
wrinkle free?
2.Do I ensure proper matching of colors in
my attire?
3.Is my hair neatly combed, clean and worn
in style that is becoming to me?
4.Do I use simple jewelries appropriate to my
job?
5.Do I always feel and look clean and tidy?
6.Are my shoes well shined and their heels in
good condition?
7.Do I change my stockings and underwear
everyday?
8.Are my nails clean, well shaped, with
moderate length?
9.Do I make a habit to use deodorants,
especially when I perspire heavily?
10.Do I wear light cologne during my duty?
11.Do I brush my teeth after meal or refresh
my breath with oral antiseptic/mouthwash?
12.Am I free of body odor?
13.Am I free of any bad breadth?
14.Do I wear simple make-up (ladies)
15. Do I retouch my make up from time to
time? (ladies only)
16. Do I fix my hair from time to time?
17.Am I relax and not rattled by irritating or
uncomfortable situations on the job?
18.Do I maintain a good posture while on the
job(straight body, not leaning on walls and
chairs)
B.VERBAL PROJECTION
1.Do I speak with a friendly tone and
modulated voice?
2.Do I use a simple language in my
conversation with people?
3.Do I maintain eye contact while conversing
with others?
4.Do I pay full attention when talking to
them?
5.Do I express self interest in what people say
by active listening, nodding head, asking
questions?
6.Am I more of the listener rather than a
talker?
7.Do I allow others to finish their statement
before I react?
8.Am I cautious of the words I speak to avoid
hurting or antagonizing others?
9.Do I know how to keep confidential
matters?
10.Do I avoid spreading gossip nor indulging
in gossips?
11.Do I generously use magic expressions
like please, kindly, may I, do you mind, I’m
sorry etc.?
12.Can I maintain my composure when
talking to unreasonable or irritating person?
13.Am I honest and sincere in my
communications and avoid bluffing anyone?
14.Do I avoid unpleasant non-verbal signals
like sour face, inattentiveness, sneering or
staring look when dealing with people?
C.ETHICS AND SOCIAL GRACES
1.Do I know and practice my table manners?
2.Do I avoid by passing people in the
organization?
3.Do I know how to respond when introduced
to someone?
4.Do I keep my appointments and come on
time?
5.Do I give way to ladies (if man) or to
elderly?
6.Do I keep my work area organized and tidy?
7.Do I practice basic courtesies in the use of
telephone?
8.Do I respect the privacy of others or their
personal space ( not opening their letters, not
too close, no eavesdropping, not meddling in
their conversation)?
9.Do I have the habit of greeting people I
meet like company, officers, customers, etc.?
10.Do I avoid gossiping about my boss and
my company to other people?
11.Do I refrain from unhygienic practices like
spitting in public areas sneezing without
covering my mouth etc.?
 SELF CHECK # 3.3-2

Add your score per category. The average score is calculated as total score
divided by the number of items

Total Score Average Score Remarks

A. Physical Projection
B. Verbal Projection
C. Ethics/ Social Graces
GRAND TOTAL

Average score of:

2.8 - 3.00 – is high score
2.5 – 2.90 – is moderate or acceptable
Below 2.5 – is not acceptable

From the results of the test, identify your weak points as a professional

Physical Projection Verbal Projection Manners and Ethics

 INFORMATION SHEET # 3.3-3

RELEVANCE OF LICENSES AND CERTIFICATES

Learning Objectives: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you MUST

be able to:
1. Become more aware of the relevance of licenses and certificates to
career development.

Career Development

Career development is a buzz phrase in all professional arenas. Employees

and employers alike are seeking opportunities to develop their career skills to
keep up with current trends. Specifics for career development may vary, but
the basic implications are the same across the board. Regardless of your career
path, it is always beneficial to seek out career development opportunities for
your area of professional knowledge.

Enhanced Job Performance is the Main Goal

The primary purpose of career development activities is to enhance job

performance. Some professionals might opt for a career development exercise
that introduces new and innovative skills, and others might chose to
participate in an information session. Either way, the point of activities is to
improve job performance.
Professional certification

Professional certification, trade certification, or professional designation,

often called simply certification or qualification, is a designation earned by a
person to assure qualification to perform a job or task. Many certifications are
used as post-nominal letters indicating an earned privilege from an oversight
professional body acting to safeguard the public interest.

Certifications are earned from a professional society. In general, it must be

renewed periodically, or may be valid for a specific period of time (e.g., the
lifetime of the product upon which the individual is certified). As a part of a
complete renewal of an individual's certification, it is common for the individual
to show evidence of continued learning — often termed continuing education —
or earning continuing education units (CEU).

Most certification programs are created, sponsored, or affiliated with

professional associations, trade organizations, or IT vendors interested in
raising standards. Even those programs completely independent from
membership organizations enjoy association support and endorsement.

The growth of certification programs is also a reaction to the changing

employment market. Certifications are portable, since they do not depend on
one company's definition of a certain job. Certification stands about the resume
and the professional reference by being an impartial, third-party endorsement
of an individual's professional knowledge and experience. Certification provides
an impartial, third-party endorsement of an individual's professional
knowledge and experience.

It is important to note that certifications are usually earned from a professional

society or educational institute, not the government. If a demonstration of
ability or knowledge is required by law before being allowed to perform a task
or job, this is referred to as licensure. In the United States, professional
licenses are usually issued by state agencies. The certification assessment
process, for some organizations, is very similar or even the same as licensure
and may differ only in terms of legal status, while in other organizations, can
be quite different and more comprehensive than that of licensure. certification
and licensure differ only in terms of legal status.
Deliver an assessment based on industry knowledge, independent from
training courses or course providers.
Grant a time-limited credential to anyone who meets the assessment
standards.

Certifications are very common in aviation, construction, technology,

environment, and other industrial sectors, as well as health care, business and
finance.

Types of certifications

There are three general types of certification. Listed in order of development

level and portability, they are: corporate (internal), product-specific, and
profession-wide.

Corporate, or internal certifications, are made by a corporation or low-

stakes organization for internal purposes. For example, a corporation might
require a one-day training course for all sales personnel, after which they
receive a certificate. While this certificate has limited portability - to other
corporations, for example - it is the most simple to develop.

Product-specific certifications are more involved, and are intended to be

referenced to a product across all applications. This approach is very prevalent
in the information technology (IT) industry, where personnel are certified on a
version of software or hardware. This type of certification is portable across
locations (for example, different corporations that use that software), but not
across other products.

The most general type of certification is profession-wide. Certification in the

medical profession is often offered by particular specialties. In order to apply
professional standards, increase the level of practice, and possibly protect the
public (though this is also the domain of licensure), a professional organization
might establish a certification. This is intended to be portable to all places a
certified professional might work. Of course, this generalization increases the
cost of such a program; the process to establish a legally defensible assessment
of an entire profession is very extensive. An example of this is a Certified Public
Accountant (CPA), which would not be certified for just one corporation or one
piece of accountancy software but for general work in the profession.
 SELF-CHECK # 3.3-3

1.They are made by a corporation or low-stakes organization for internal

purposes

a. corporate certifications
b. internal
c. product specific
d. profession wide

2.The most general type of certification

a. internal
b. corporate
c. product specific
d. profession wide

3. Are more involved, and are intended to be referenced to a product across

all applications

a. Internal
b. product specific
c. profession wide
d. corporate

4.Other term for Professional certification

a. trade certification
b. professional designation
c. certification
d. all of the above

5.Earned from a professional society

a. certification
b. monetization
c. profession
d. specification
 ANSWER KEY 3.3-3

2.D

4.D
 INSTRUMENT FOR INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT

EVIDENCE PLAN

Qualification Title

Unit of Competency

Ways in which evidence will

be collected

The evidence must show that the candidate…

 Achieve personal growth and work plan
towards improving qualifications set for
profession.
 Maintain interpersonal and intrapersonal
relationships in the course.
 Demonstrate commitment to the
organization and its goal .
 Practice appropriate personal hygiene.

 Attain job targets within key result areas.

 Prioritize competing demands to achieve

personal, team and organizational goals
and objectives

 Follow practices and economic use of

maintenance and equipment as per
establish procedure.
 Identify and avail training and career
opportunities relevant to the job
 requirements
 Acquire and maintain licenses’ and or
certifications according to the
requirements qualifications
Observe fundamental rights at work
Including gender sensitivity

Complete and update training and career

Opportunities based on the requirements
Of industry

Prepared Date:
by:

Checked Date:
by:

COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT RESULTS SUMMARY

Candidate’s Name:

Assessor’s Name:
Qualification:

Date of Assessment:

Assessment Center:

The performance of the candidate in the

following assessment methods – Practice Not
Career Professionalism Satisfactory
Satisfactory
[Pls. check () appropriate box]

A. Demonstration with Oral Questioning

B. Written Exam

Did the candidate's overall performance meet

the required evidences/ standards?

OVERALL EVALUATION COMPETENT NOT YET COMPETENT

Recommendation
For re-assessment.
_______________________________________________________
For submission of document. Pls. specify (Portfolio Document)
_____________________
For issuance of COC
______________________________________________________

General Comments [Strengths / Improvements needed]

Candidate’s
signature: Date:
 Assessor’s
Date:
signature:

RATING SHEET FOR OBSERVATION/ WITH ORAL QUESTIONING

Candidate’s
Name:

Assessor’s Name:

Assessment
Center:

Qualification:

Unit of
PRACTICE CAREER PROFESSIONALISM
Competency

Instructions for the assessor:

Date of observation:

Description of assessment
activity:
 Location of assessment
activity:

If yes, tick the

During the performance of skills, the candidate….
box
 Showed dedication and integrity towards work
by; taking positive ways in attaining his/her 
goal.
 Developed a pleasant attitude in accomplishing

his/her task.
 Demonstrated harmonious relationship towards

co-trainees.
 Observed cleanliness and orderliness in the

workplace.
 Practiced grooming standards. 
 Showed interest in any group activity given to

them

Assessor’s signature: Date:

RATING SHEET FOR OBSERVATION/DEMONSTRATION WITH ORAL

QUESTIONING
[continued]

Satisfactory
response

The candidate should answer the following

Yes No
questions:
 How will you be able to promote sound and
pleasant working relationships with other
workers in the company?

 What will you do to prove your honesty and

loyalty to the company you are working with?
  In case of unexpected incident or problem that
will arise in the workplace, to whom will you
report the incident?

 What will you do to grow and learn from the error

you have committed in the exercise of your duties
and responsibilities in the company you are
connected with?

 How will you Share Company values/practices

with co-workers using appropriate behavior and
language?

The candidate’s underpinning knowledge was:

Satisfactory  Not Satisfactory 

Feedback to candidate:

The candidate’s overall performance was:

Satisfactory  Not Satisfactory 

Assessor signature: Date:

RATING SHEET FOR WRITTEN TEST

Candidate’s
Name:

Assessor’s Name:

Assessment
Center:

Qualification:
 Unit of
PRACTICING CAREER PROFESSIONALISM
Competency

Instructions for the assessor:

Date of observation:

Description of assessment
activity:

Location of assessment
activity:

During the performance of skills, the candidate…. If yes, tick the

box

Assessor’s signature: Date:

SUGGESTED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FOR OBSERVATION /

DEMONSTRATION

Qualification:
 Unit of Competency DEMONSTRATE WORK VALUES

1. Explain your reason why you should value your work?

Answer:

2. How will you be able to promote sound and pleasant working

relationships with other workers in the company?
Answer:

3. What will you do to prove your honesty and loyalty to the company
you are working with?
Answer:

4. In case of unexpected incident or problem that will arise in the

workplace, to whom will you report the incident?
Answer:

5. What will you do to grow and learn from the error you have committed
in the exercise of your duties and responsibilities in the company you are
connected with?
Answer:

6. How will you Share company values/practices with co-workers using

appropriate behavior and language?
Answer:

WRITTEN TEST

INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the given choices.

b.

1. Determines a person’s physical and biological characteristic such as

physical stature, color of the skin and hair.
a. heredity
b. experience
c. socialization
d. social environment
2. Consists of individuals, groups and institutions with whom the person
interacts with from childhood to adulthood.
a. experience
b. heredity
c. social environment
d. socialization
3.A process where a person acquires, learns and internalizes a set of beliefs,
ideas, values, attitudes and other socio-cultural characteristics.
a. social environment
b. socialization
c.experience
d. heredity
4. During this stage, the need for attention and acceptance is most
dominant.
a. infancy
b. childhood
c.adulthood

5. It is the simplest way to plan your work by writing a list of things you need
to accomplish during the day.
a. Controlling
b. Implementing
c. Organizing
 d. Planning
6. Consists of the process of recognizing or inferring goals of individual or
team-members, consistently for optimal team-collaboration and effective
operations.
a. Goal setting
-management
c.Organizational goals
d. Personal goal
7.Promotes long-term vision and short-term motivation and it focuses
acquisition of knowledge and helps to organize resources.
a. Goal setting
management
c.Organizational goals
d. Personal goal
8.To commit themselves to the democratic way of life and values, maintain
the principles of public accountability and manifest by deeds the supremacy
of civilian authority over the military.
a. Commitment to Democracy
b.Justness and Sincerity
c.Nationalism and Patriotism
d.Political Neutrality
9. recognized as the key ingredient between someone who is successful and
someone who is not.
a. strong self-confidence
b. professionalism
c. integrity
d. pride
10. The sum total of the biological, psychological, socio-cultural and other
traits of a person
a. personality
b. psychology
c. ethics
d. etymology

11. The enthusiastic employee who creates an environment of good will and
who provides a positive role model for others.
 a. Adaptability
b. Honesty
c. Integrity
d.Positive attitude

12. maintain flexibility in completing tasks in an ever changing workplace.

a. Adaptability
b. Honesty
c. Integrity
d.Positive attitude

13. It has been recognized as the key ingredient between someone who is
successful and someone who is not.
a. self - awareness
b. Self- confidence
c. Self – motivated
d. self – respect

14.One who requires little supervision and direction to get the work done in a
timely and professional manner.
a. self - awareness
b. Self - confidence
c. Self – motivated
d. self – respect
15. The ability to resolve diverse problems, to understand the importance of
structure, organization, resource management and to complete critical tasks
in a timely manner.
a. Management
b. Supervisory
c. Leadership
d.Policy interpretation
ANSWER KEY (institutional Assessment)
1. a
2. c
3. b
4. a
5. d
6. b
7. a
8. a
9. a
10.a
11.d
12.a
13.c
14.c
15.d

References:

Erikson, Erik H. Childhood and Society. New York: Norton, 1950.

Erikson, Erik H. Identity and the Life Cycle. New York: International
Universities Press, 1959.
Erikson, Erik H. Identity, Youth and Crisis. New York: Norton, 1968.
Sheehy, Gail. Passages: Predictable Crises of Adult Life. New York: E. P.
Dutton, 1976.
Stevens, Richard. Erik Erikson: An Introduction. New York: St. Martin's,
1983.