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Control Systems Lab: Submitted by

This document describes a lab experiment on state-space representation and pole-zero mapping. The objectives are to construct systems using state-space models and convert between representations. A 3rd order system is modeled in state-space form by deriving the A, B, C, and D matrices. MATLAB code is used to declare the state-space model and convert it to a transfer function. The lab helps strengthen understanding of state-space modeling and generating models from transfer functions.

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Fahad Siddiq
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26 views

Control Systems Lab: Submitted by

This document describes a lab experiment on state-space representation and pole-zero mapping. The objectives are to construct systems using state-space models and convert between representations. A 3rd order system is modeled in state-space form by deriving the A, B, C, and D matrices. MATLAB code is used to declare the state-space model and convert it to a transfer function. The lab helps strengthen understanding of state-space modeling and generating models from transfer functions.

Uploaded by

Fahad Siddiq
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control Systems Lab

P2

Submitted By:
Syed Muhammed Baqir Naqvi (170984)
Muhammed Inam Anwar (170966)
Qazi Ahasan Nawaz (171008)
Class/Sec: BEEP 5A
Submitted To: Engr. Hussain Asif
Instructor’s Remarks:

Submission Time: In Late in Working Days


Time 0 1 2 3 4 5

Marks: Total Marks Obtained Marks

Additional Remarks: _______________________________________


________________________________________________________

Instructor’s Signature: _____________


Lab No 4
STATE-SPACE REPRESENTATION &
POLE-ZERO MAPPING
1. Objectives:
 To construct systems using State Space Representation equations.
 To make conversions between different types of representations.

2. Procedures:
 Using Matlab approach to determine the State space modeling of a system.
 The system we need to model via state modeling is as follows.

 Relative equations obtained in s domain are


( s2 + s+1 ) X 1 ( s )−( s ) X 2 ( s )=F ( s ) … … … … … .. ( i )
−( s ) X 1 ( s )−( s2 + s+1 ) X 2 ( s )− X 3 ( s ) =0 … … …(ii)
−X 2 ( s ) + ( s2 + s+1 ) X 3 ( s )=0 … … … … … … … …(iii)
 As we know general form of state space representation would be

 So its implementation on this particular system would become


¿
x1


x1 '
y=x 3= [ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] x 2
x2 '
x3
x3 '
[]
Here we can conclude the values of A,B,C and D
0 1 00 0 0

A=

[
−1 −1 0 1 0 0
0 0 01 0 0
0 1 −1 −1 −1 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 −1 −1
C=[ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ]
1 ]
, B=[ 0 1 0 0 0 0 ]

 Now that we need to implement it on the Matlab to declare our state space model.
We would simply do.
Code:
A=[0 1 0 0 0 0;-1 -1 0 1 0 0;0 0 0 1 0 0;0 1 -1 -1 -1 0;0 0 0 0 0 1;0 0 1 0 -1
-1];
B=[0;1;0;0;0;0];
C=[0 0 0 0 1 0];
D=[];
x=ss(A,B,C,D)
y=tf(x)
Results:
X =

A =
x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
x1 0 1 0 0 0 0
x2 -1 -1 0 1 0 0
x3 0 0 0 1 0 0
x4 0 1 -1 -1 -1 0
x5 0 0 0 0 0 1
x6 0 0 1 0 -1 -1

B =
u1
x1 0
x2 1
x3 0
x4 0
x5 0
x6 0

C =
x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
y1 0 0 0 0 1 0

D =
u1
y1 0

Continuous-time state-space model.


 Use MATLAB to convert the LTI state-space representation to the LTI transfer function.
Code:
syms s
A=[0 1 0 0 0 0;-1 -1 0 1 0 0;0 0 0 1 0 0;0 1 -1 -1 -1 0;0 0 0 0 0 1;0 0 1 0 -1
-1];
B=[0;1;0;0;0;0];
C=[0 0 0 0 1 0];
D=[];
x=ss(A,B,C,D)
y=tf(x)
t=eye(6)
q=s*t-A
p=inv(q);
u=C*p*B;
pretty(u)

Result:
x =

A =
x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
x1 0 1 0 0 0 0
x2 -1 -1 0 1 0 0
x3 0 0 0 1 0 0
x4 0 1 -1 -1 -1 0
x5 0 0 0 0 0 1
x6 0 0 1 0 -1 -1

B =
u1
x1 0
x2 1
x3 0
x4 0
x5 0
x6 0

C =
x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6
y1 0 0 0 0 1 0

D =
u1
y1 0

Continuous-time state-space model.

y =

s - 4.441e-16
---------------------------------------------
s^6 + 3 s^5 + 5 s^4 + 6 s^3 + 6 s^2 + 4 s + 2

Continuous-time transfer function.


t =

1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

q =

[ s, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[ 1, s + 1, 0, -1, 0, 0]
[ 0, 0, s, -1, 0, 0]
[ 0, -1, 1, s + 1, 1, 0]
[ 0, 0, 0, 0, s, -1]
[ 0, 0, -1, 0, 1, s + 1]

s
----------------------------------------
6 5 4 3 2
s + 3 s + 5 s + 6 s + 6 s + 4 s + 2

3. Learning outcomes:
This lab enables us to make our grip stronger towards the state space model and how to generate it using
transfer function. We calculated equations from the translational Mechanical system and then using
procedure of conversions conclude the matrices. Moreover, it teaches us to plot zeros and poles of a
system using MATLAB.

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