NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING SERVICE

Chapter 3 – VALUES DEVELOPMENT

Prepare by:
JULIUS C. CONSUL
NSTP-CWTS Instructor

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND SELF-AWARENESS LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the 3-hour lesson the students are expected to:
• Use ideas and information gained from previous readings and personal experience to
comprehend a text better;
• Identify one’s unique skills and talents;
• Reflect their daily experiences from a holistic point of view;
• React to information shared in a small group discussion;
• Discuss the importance of values development;
• Provided an opportunity to compare their positive self-concepts with other’s positive perception
of them;
• Explain how values are being developed for the development of self-learning.

What are Human Values?

• Human values give worthiness and respect to life. The five human values are righteousness,
peace, love, truth and non-violence. These elevate the individual as well as the society of which
one is a part.

Five Types of Value Orientation

1. The economic man – is primarily oriented toward what is useful. He is interested in the practical
aspects of the business world; in the manufacture, marketing, distribution and consumption of
goods; in the use of economic resources; and in the accumulation of tangible wealth. He is
thoroughly “practical” and fits well the stereotype of the businessman.
2. The theoretical man – is primarily interested in the discovery of the truth, in the systematic
ordering of his knowledge. In pursuing this goal, he is typically takes a cognitive approach,
looking for identities and differences, with relative disregard for the beauty or utility of objects,
seeking only to observe and to reason. His interest are empirical, critical, and rational.
3. The political man – is oriented toward power, not necessarily in politics, but in whatever area he
works. Most leaders have a high power orientation. Competition play a large role during all his
life. For some men, this value is uppermost, driving them to seek personal power, influence, and
recognition in a continuous basis.
4. The aesthetic man – finds main interest in the artistic aspects of life, although he need not to be
creative artist. He values form and harmony. He views experience in terms of grace, symmetry,
or harmony. Live the here and now with enthusiasm.
5. The social man – is primarily oriented toward the well-being of the people. His essential value is
love of people. His essential value is love of people – the altruistic or philanthropic aspect of
love. The social man values people as ends, and tends to be kind, sympathetic, and unselfish.

Types of Values

1. Universal Values – These are values is nearly unanimous agreement. These would include
Sanctity of human life, Peace and human dignity.
2. Instrumental Values – These are values that can be used to get some other things. Examples of
these would include progress, freedom and knowledge.
3. Intrinsic values – Something has intrinsic worth simply because of what it is and not necessary
what it will lead to or because of its acceptance. Some possible examples of intrinsic values
would include beauty, artistic expression, and happiness. We value them because they are an
important aspect of life.
 4. Prerequisite values – are necessary before you can get to some bigger goal. It is similar to the
prerequisite course that you must take in order to get to the more advanced course. Some good
examples of this type of this type of value include safety, justice, or the common good.
5. Paramount values – think of this type of value like you think of Paramount Studios with the large
mountain. It is the value which is above all other things. Some examples of this might include
freedom, or sanctity of life.
6. Operative values – this type of values are the ways that we make judgements on how to live the
rest of our lives. We use these values as the overarching and guiding principles which tell what is
always right and wrong. These are things such as integrity, honesty and loyalty.
7. Personal Values – Personality traits are typically defined as description of people in terms of
relatively stable of behavior, thoughts and emotions. Personal values are generally described as
rather stable broad life goals that are important to people in their lives and guide their
perception, judgements, and behavior.
8. Cultural values – is dependent on social norms, religious beliefs and other environmental
situations of people.

Good Citizenship Core Values

• The good citizenship core values are reflected in the Preamble of the 1987 Philippine
Constitution

Preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution

We the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and
humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations,
promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and
our posterity the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime
of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this
Constitution.

The Good Citizenship Values (Based on the 1987 Philippine Constitution)

A. PAGKAMAKA-DIYOS (Spirituality)
• Faith (Paniniwala)
• Respect for Life (Paggalang)
• Order (Pagsunod sa mga alituntunin)
• Work (Paggawa ng Marangal)
• Concern for Family and Future Generation (Pagkalinga)

B. PAGKAMAKA-TAO
• 1. Love
• 2. Freedom
• 3. Peace
• 4. Truth
• 5. Justice

C. PAGKAMAKA-BAYAN (Love of Country)

• Unity in Diversity (Katipunan)
• Equality / Justice (Katarungan)
• Respect of Law and Government (Kagalanggalang)
• Patriotism (Kabayanihan)
• Promotion of Common Good (Kabutihan)

D. PAGKAMAKA-KALIKASAN (Love of Environment)

• Concern of Environment
L – Green the Land
A – Clean the Air
W – Freshen the Water
 Understanding Filipino Values

Values are often associated with what an individual believes that he had acquired and nurtured in life.

Horacio de la Costa S. J. (in Bonoan, 1971), a historian, wrote on the principles and values embodied
in the Filipino national tradition which were fashioned by Filipinos who viewed the culture and society
from within and not from without. This Filipino national tradition is composed of:
1. Pagsasarili or the principle of self-reliance which means to be oneself, to be a person in his own
right, to be able to make up his mind, and to do his thing.
2. Pakikisama or sharing with one’s fellow both the burdens as well as the rewards of an activity.
3. Pagkakaisa or national unity.
4. Pagkabayani. The essence is patriotism or the total dedication to the nation and the readiness
to put the common good of the nation above the private interest, whether in the family or local
community organization.
5. Pakikipagkapwa-tao or human solidarity. This refers to the dedication to one’s own nation, so
as to enable one to participate on free and equal terms.

Other Intermediate Values Related to Socialization

1. Smooth Interpersonal Relation (SIR). Smooth interpersonal relations or SIR, in short, connotes
the facility of getting along with others so as to avoid outward signs of conflicts, even under
difficult circumstances (Lynch 1970:10)
a. Pakikisama is the mechanism used to maintain SIR, the use of the go-between, and
euphemism.
b. Reciprocity or Utang na Loob which is another aspect of SIR is a universal form of behavior.
2. Loseness and Security in the Family. A much vaunted trait in the Filipino society is the so-called
close family ties or family solidarity.
3. Respect for Elders. A value inculcated early in the socialization process.
4. Personalism. In personalism, major importance is attached to the personal factor, which
ensures intimacy, warmth and friendship in getting things done.
5. Hospitality. Foreigner who come to our country often remark about Filipino hospitality. This is
shown in oue generosity and kindness in treating our visitors.
6. Patient Suffering or Pagtitiis. It is shown in the attitude that certain frustrating forces whether
poverty, injustice, sickness, or anything else or too powerful to be overcome (Bulatao, 1962:78)
7. Panindigan. With the emphasis on Filipino indigenousness, Enriquez (1977:3) initiated a new
way of looking at Filipino values, which truly represent the Filipino culture. Commitment and
conviction approximate it.

Value Formation

The Christian Value formation is a lifelong process of growing which gets its strength from Jesus’
Sermon on the Mount. The following factors affect one’s value formation:
1. Two (2) Factors Affecting Value Formation
 Influences – these depend on a person’s influences such as intellectual and emotional
capabilities.
 Experience Factor – like good influences, good experiences are needed in value
formation
2. There are Four (4) types of experiences that will influence or affect the formation of values.
 Liturgical experience
 Bible experience
 Learning experience
 Human experience

Value Clarification

1. Value Clarification is a difficult task.

There are three basic steps that are useful in Value Clarification
• Choice
 • Value
• Action
2. Values are better than Rules
• Forward-thinking – the organization promotes values to guide people. Doing this saves time
because organizations need not write rules, and need not refer to the rule books or organization
manual.
3. Values serve as outline goals.
• An explicit set of values shall form the foundation of any organization because they endure.
. Values send a message.
• A good value teaches and guides the members of the organization. A symbolic act affirms the
value over and over.
5. Values shape an organization.
• Values manifest itself in various ways. It thrusts members to produce quality good products.
Values can shape and animate an organization.