6/11/2020

Higher Order Triangular Elements

2D Problems – LST Complete polynomials

– Pascal’s Triangle

1 constant
x y linear
2
x xy y2 quadratic
3 2 2 3
BEDILU HABTE x x y xy y cubic
CENTER FOR RAILWAY ENGINEERING 4 3 2 2 3
JUNE 2020
x xy xy xy y4
quartic
5 4 3 2 2 3 4 5
x xy xy x y xy y fifth order
2 6/11/2020
Bedilu Habte

6 noded (quadratic) triangular element – LST

2nd Degree displacement in 2D
v3 u  x , y   a1  a 2 x  a 3 y  a 4 x 2  a 5 xy  a 6 y 2
3 u3 u1 
v5 v  x , y   a 7  a 8 x  a 9 y  a10 x 2  a11 xy  a12 y 2
v6 d1  v1 
d   
 a1 
5 u5 a 

 2  u2 
 2
v2  a3 
u6
6 d3  v2  
 a4 


v4 u2 d        a5 
 
d4  u3 
 u  1 x y x2 xy y2 0 0 0 0 0 0   a6 
v1 2 U      2  
 v  0 0 0 0 0 0 1 x y x2 xy y   a7 
u4 d5      a8 
4      
u1  a9 
1 d6      a 10 
 
v   U  d   X   a   a 11 
 6 a 
 12 
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u B & k Matrices
Strain/Displacement  a2  2 xa4  ya5
x
 u   
v  0
   a9  xa11  2 ya12  x   x 
 x    x  y  x 

     y     v  u
B   N where     0 
y 
    y   D   y 
 
 a3  xa5  2 ya6    
    y  y



  xy   xy 
 xy    u  v 
 y x 
 y   x  v
 a8  2 xa10  ya11
  x     M a
0 1 0 2x y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0  
 a1     BU 
a T
   0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 x 2 y 2   M  a a   X 1U  k    B  D B  dV

0 0 1 0 x 2 y 0 1 0 2x y 0   v
a12  B    M  X 1
5 6/11/2020 6 6/11/2020
Bedilu Habte Bedilu Habte

6 Node (LST) Triangle Example 6 Node (LST) Triangle Example

u  x, y   a1  a 2 x  a 3 y  a 4 x 2  a5 xy  a 6 y 2
3
0 , h 
v x, y   a 7  a8 x  a 9 y  a10 x 2  a11 xy  a12 y 2
5  b , h 
 h 6  2 2
 0,   u1 
 2
 
 v1 
 u   N 1 0 N2 0 N3 0 N4 0 N5 0 N6 0   
1 4    u2 
2
0 , 0   v   0 N1 0 N2 0 N3 0 N4 0 N5 0 N 6   
b  b , 0    
 ,0   
2 
 v 6 
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6 Node (LST) Triangle Example 6 Node (LST) Triangle Example

2 2
 x  y  x
2
 x  y   y 
2  x  y  x  x  y   y 
N1  1  3   3   2   4    2  N  1  3   3   2   4    2 
x1  0 y1  0 1 b  h b  b  h   h 
b h b  b  h   h 
2 x2  b y2  0
 x  x
y 3  h N1 0,0  1
N 2      2 
b b x3  0
2 b N1 b,0  0
 y  y x4  y 4  0 N 0, h  0
N 3      2  2 1
h h
b h b 
 x  x
2
 x  y  x5  y5  N1  ,0   0
N 4  4   4    4    2 2 2 
b b  b  h  h
x6  0 y6  b h
x
   y N  , 0
N 5  4   2 1 2 2 
 b  h 
 h
2 N1  0,   0
 y   x  y   y   2
N 6  4   4      4 
 h   b  h   h 
9 6/11/2020 10 6/11/2020
Bedilu Habte Bedilu Habte

6 Node (LST) Triangle Example

 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0
1 
B   0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 
2A  
  1 1  2 2 3 3  4 4 5 5  6  6 

u  N 1u1  N 2u2   N 6u6

1
x  1u1   2u2     6u6 
2A
1
y   1v1   2 v2     6v6 
2A
1
 xy   1u1  1v1   2u2   2 v2     6v6 
2A
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Bedilu Habte