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UNIT I Problems

This document contains 12 problems related to amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) systems. The problems calculate things like sideband frequencies, bandwidth, power levels, frequency deviation, and modulation indices. Solutions are provided for each problem, applying the relevant equations for AM and FM modulation.

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Renit Anto
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161 views3 pages

UNIT I Problems

This document contains 12 problems related to amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) systems. The problems calculate things like sideband frequencies, bandwidth, power levels, frequency deviation, and modulation indices. Solutions are provided for each problem, applying the relevant equations for AM and FM modulation.

Uploaded by

Renit Anto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT I

ANALOG MODULATION
PROBLEMS
1. In a Amplitude modulation system, the carrier frequency is fc=
100KHz. The maximum frequency of the signal is 5 KHz. Determine
the lower and upper side bands and the band width of AM signal.
Soln:
B = 2fm(max) = 2(5kHz) =10kHz
f usb = fc + fm =100kHz+5kHz =105kHz
f lsb = fc – fm =100kHz-5kHz =95kHz

2. In an AM transmitter, the carrier power is 10 kW and the


modulation index is 0.5. Calculate the total RF power delivered.
Soln:
m2
Pt=Pc(1+ 2
)

m=0.5, Pc=10kw
Pt=10kw(1+0.25/2)
Pt=11.25watts

3. If a modulated wave with an average voltage of 20Vp changes in


amplitude ±5V, determine the maximum and minimum envelope
amplitudes and the modulation coefficients.
Soln:
Vm = 20Vp ;Vc = 5 V;
Vmax - Vmin
m = Vmax + Vmin
Vmax = Vm + Vc = 20+5= 25V
Vmin = Vm - Vc = 20-5= 15V
Vmax - Vmin
m = Vmax + Vmin
25 - 15
m = 25 + 15
= 0.25
4. A broadcast radio transmitter radiates 5 KW power when the
modulation percentage is 60% How much is the carrier power?
Soln:
Pt = 5kW, m=0.6 or 60% ;
Pt = Pc [1 + m2/2]
Pt
Pc = [1 + m 2 / 2]
5 × 10 3
Pc = [1 +  0.6  ) 2 / 2]

Pc = 4.24 kW

5. The maximum frequency deviation in an FM is 10 KHz and signal


frequency is 10 KHz. Find out the bandwidth using Carson's rule .
Soln:

Bandwidth using carson’s rule, B=2(Δf +fm(max) )


B=2(10khz+10khz) =40khz.

6. The maximum frequency deviation in an FM is 10 KHz and signal


frequency is 10 KHz. Find out the bandwidth using modulation
index .
f 10khz
Modulation index,m= fm = 10khz =1
Bandwidth using Modulation index ,B=2ɳmaxfm
if m=1,then ɳmax=3
B=2×3×10khz=60khz

7. For an FM receiver with an input frequency deviation ∆f=4 kHz


and a transfer ratio K= 0.01 V/k Hz, determine Vout .
Soln:
Vout = K * ∆f =0.01* 40
=0.4V
8. An FM transmitter has a rest frequency fc =96MHz and a
deviation sensitivity K1 = 4 KHz/V. Determine the frequency
deviation for a modulating signal Vm (t) = 8sin(2π 2000t). Determine
the modulation index.
Soln:
Vm=8V,
fm =2000Hz
K1 =4 kHz /V
K 1 Vm
Frequency deviation = δ =∆f= 2
= 4 kHz/v × 8V = 32kHz
Modulation index = m = ∆f / fm = 32 kHz/2000Hz = 16

9. What will be the power in each side band in amplitude modulated


signal if power of carrier wave is 176W and there is 60% modulation?
10.A signal m(t) ,band limited to 5 kHz is multiplied by a carrier wave
cos(ωct) to yield a DSB-SC signal S(t).For what value of the carrier
frequency, will the bandwidth of S(t) be 2% of fc.
11.For an AM-DSBFC wave with a peak unmodulated carrier voltage
Vc=10Vp, a load resistance RL=1 ohm and a modulation coefficient
m=1.Determine power of the carrier and the USB,LSB,total side band.
12.A carrier wave of amplitude 10V and frequency 100 MHz is
frequency modulated by a sinusoidal voltage.The modulatingvoltage has
amplitude of 5 v and frequency fm=20KHz. Frequency deviation
constant is 2KHz/V.Given:J0=0.94,J1=0.24,J2=0.03.Draw the FM
spectrum.

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