10

Mathematics
Quarter I - Module 2:

Illustrating an Arithmetic
Sequence

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter I – Module 2: Arithmetic Sequence
First Edition, 2019

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Assistant Secretary: Alma Ruby C. Torio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Evelyn N. Ballatong
Editor: Genevieve C. Cabigat Efiginia B. In-uyay, Bryan A. Hidalgo
Reviewers: Florentina D. Lunag, Eunice Ann B. Puguon, Mary Mavis Tuguinay
Illustrator: Evelyn N. Ballatong
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Marciana M. Aydinan, PhD, Chief- CID
Carmel F. Meris – Regional Chief Education Supervisor - CLMD
Ethielyn Taqued, EdD, Regional EPS-LRMDS
Edgar H. Madlaing, Regional EPS – AP/ADM Focal Person
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Telefax: (074) 422-4074
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 10

Mathematics
Quarter 1 - Module 2

Illustrates an Arithmetic Sequence.

M10AL – Ib – 1

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at
[email protected].

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Hi. As the facilitator of this module, kindly orient the learner on how to go about in
reading and answering this learning material. Please be patient and encourage the
learner to complete this module. By the way, do not forget to remind the learner to
use separate sheets in answering all the activities found in this module.
For the learner:

Hello learner. I hope you are ready to proceed in your Grade 10 Mathematics by
accomplishing this learning module. This is designed to provide you with interactive
tasks to further develop the desired learning competencies on defining and
illustrating arithmetic sequence. This module is especially crafted for you to be able
to cope up with the current lessons taken by your classmates. Please read completely
the written texts and follow the instructions carefully so that you will be able to get
the most of this learning material. We hope that you will enjoy learning.
Here is a guide on the parts of the learning modules which you need to understand
as you progress in reading and analyzing its content.

ICON LABEL DETAIL

What I need to know This contains the learning objectives
which you need to accomplish
What I know This assesses what you know about
the lesson you are to tackle
What’s In This connects the current lessons
with the previous lessons
What’s New This introduces the lesson through an
activity
What Is It This contains a brief discussion of the
lessons
What’s More These are activities to check your
understanding of the lesson
What I have Learned This summarizes the important ideas
presented in the lesson
What I Can Do This is a real life application of what
you have learned
Assessment This is a post assessment of what you
have learned
Additional Activities This is an activity that will strengthen
your knowledge about the lesson
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
define and illustrate an arithmetic sequence. The scope of this module permits it to
be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course but the pacing in which you read and answer this module is
dependent on your ability.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. define an arithmetic sequence, and

2. illustrate an arithmetic sequence.

What I Know

Find out how much you already know about the topics in this module. Choose the
letter of the best answer. Take note of the items that you were not able to answer
correctly and find the right answer as you go through this module. Write the chosen
letter on a separate sheet of paper.

13 7 15
1. Find the common difference in the arithmetic sequence: 3, , , , …
4 2 4
1 3 5
a. b. c. d. 4
4 4 2
2. What is the nth term of the arithmetic sequence 7, 9,11,13, 15, 17, …?
a. 𝑎𝑛 = 3n +4 b. 𝑎𝑛 =4n + 3 c. 𝑎𝑛 = n + 2 d. 𝑎𝑛 = 2n + 5
3. Find p so that the terms, 7p + 2, 5p +12, 2p – 1, … form an arithmetic
sequence.
a. -8 b. -5 c. -13 d. -23
4. During a free-fall, a skydiver jumps 16 feet, 48 feet, and 80 feet on the
first, second, and third fall, respectively. If he continues to jump at this
pattern, how many feet will he have jumped during the tenth fall?
a. 304 b. 336 c. 314 928 d. 944 784
5. Which of the following is an arithmetic sequence?
a. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, … c. 1, -1, -3, -5, …
b. 1, 10, 20, 30, … d. 7, -7, 7, -7, …
6. What is the common difference in the sequence: 3, -2, -7, …?
a. 1 b. -5 c. 5 d. -1
7. In an arithmetic sequence, 𝑎3 = 4 and 𝑎5 = 14. What is the common
difference?
a. 6 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3
8. What is the common difference in the arithmetic sequence: -7, -4, -1, 2,
5,…?
a. -3 b. 3 c. 4 d. -4
 9. If the first term of an arithmetic sequence is 10 and the common difference
is -3 then the nth term of the sequence is ______.
a. 𝑎𝑛 = 13 – 3n c. 𝑎𝑛 = 10 – 3n
b. an = 13 + 3n d. an = 10 + 3n
10. Which of the following is not an arithmetic sequence.
a. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,… c. 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0…
b. 3, 9, 27, 81,… d. 13, 2, -9, -20, -31…
11. What is NOT true about the arithmetic sequence: 25, 32, 39, 46,…?
a. The common difference is 7. c. the 6th term is 60.
b. The 7th term is 60. d. the general rule is 𝑎𝑛 =18 + 7n
12. Which of the following is not an arithmetic sequence?
a. -5, -2, 1, 4 c. 1, 4, 7
b. 11, 14, 17, 20 d. 3, 7, 12, 18
13. The first positive term of the arithmetic sequence -11, -8, -5, … is ____.
a. 4 b. 3 c. 2 d. 1
14. The common difference of the arithmetic sequence whose general term 𝑎𝑛
= 2n + 1 is ______.
a. -1 b. -2 c. 2 d. 1
15. Find the missing term in this arithmetic sequence:
23, 18, 13, 8, 3, _____, -7, -12… .
a. -2 b. 2 c. -5 d. 5

Lesson
Illustrates an arithmetic sequence.

1
What’s In

In the previous module, you have learned that a sequence is an

arrangement of objects, numbers or even figures which follows a certain
pattern. Also, you have learned about the processes in finding patterns of any
sequence.
Look at the sequences below. Can you see the differences on the
patterns they follow?

2, 4, 6, 8, … 3, 6, 12, 24, … 5, 10, 15, 20, …

Let us try to give emphasis on the differences you observed while we

undergo this module.
 What’s New

Look at the following sequences. What is the pattern you observed in each sequence?
Sequences Pattern
1. 2, 4, 6, 8, … by adding 2 to the preceding term.
2. 3, 6, 12, 24, … by multiplying 2 to the preceding term.
3. 5, 10, 15, 20, … by adding 5 to the preceding term.

What is It

Observe the following sequences:

1. 4, 7, 10, 13, …
2. 33, 38, 43, 48, …
3. -2, -6, -10, -14, …
4. 100, 98, 96, 94, …
1 1
5. , 1, 1 , 2, …
2 2

Can you give the next two terms of the above sequences? How did you
get those terms?
If you get 16 and 19 in item 1, then you are correct. Notice that a
constant number 3 is added to the preceding term to get the next term. In
item 2, 5 is added to the preceding term to get the next term. While in items
1
3, 4 and 5, the numbers -4, -2, and 2 are added to the preceding term,
respectively, to get the next terms
Notice that a constant or a common number is added to the preceding
term or the number before it, to get the next term in each of the sequences
above. The constant number being added is called the common difference and
is represented as d. All these sequences are called arithmetic sequences.
To find the common difference (d), simply subtract the second term by
the first term, a2 – a1, or the third term by the second term, a3 – a2, or the
fourth term by the third term, a4 – a3; or in general, d = an – an – 1

Arithmetic Sequences
 A sequence in which term after the first is formed by adding a fixed
number to the preceding term is called arithmetic sequence. The fixed
number or constant is called the common difference denoted by d.

What’s More

Activity 1:

From the discussion on arithmetic sequence earlier, let us solve for the
common difference (d).
1. Determine if the sequence is arithmetic or not. If it is, find the common
difference and the next three terms of the sequence.
-4, 3, 10, 17, …
Solution:
a. To find out if the sequence is arithmetic, there must be a common
difference between any two consecutive terms in the sequence.
a2 – a1 = 3 – (-4) = 7

a3 – a2 = 10 – (3) = 7

a4 – a3 = 17 – 10 = 7

Because there is a common difference between consecutive terms,

the sequence is arithmetic.
b. The next three terms are obtained by adding 7 to the preceding term,
so that
a5 = a4 + 7 = 17 + 7 = 24
a6 = a5 + 7 = 24 + 7 = 31

a7 = a6 + 7 = 31 + 7 = 38

So the next three terms are 24, 31, 38.

2. Write the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence with 5 as the first
term and with a common difference of -2.
Solution:
First term: a1 = 5
Second term: a2 = a1 + (-2) = 5 – 2 = 3
Third term: a3 = a2 + (-2) = 3 – 2 = 1
Fourth term: a4 = a3 + (-2) = 1 – 2 = -1
 Fifth term: a5 = a4 + (-2) = -1 – 2 = -3

As you notice, we add the common difference or the constant to the

preceding term to get the next term. So, the first five terms of the
sequence are 5, 3, 1, -1, and -3.
Remark: There is another way of finding the specified term of an arithmetic
sequence but it will be discussed in the next module. The same thing
is true for the general term of any arithmetic sequence.

Assessment 1:
Find the common difference and the next three terms of each
arithmetic sequence.
Common Difference Next 3 Terms

_________ 1. 24, 14, 4, ___, ___, ___

_________ 2. 6, 10, 14, ___, ___, ___

_________ 3. -7, 4, 15, ___, ___, ____

_________ 4. 21, 15, 9, ___, ___, ___

_________ 5. -8, -6, -4, ___, ___, ___

_________ 6. 5, -1, -7, ___, ___, ___

_________ 7. 4, 11, 18, ___, ___, ___

_________ 8. -1, -8, -15, ___, ___, ___

_________ 9. -3x, -10x, -17x ___, ___, ___

_________ 10. 3a -1, 3a, 3a + 1, ______, ______, ______

What I Have Learned

Answer this question.

a. What is an arithmetic sequence?

b. How do we get the next terms of an arithmetic sequence?
 What I Can Do

Activity 1: There is Math Around Us

Draw three (3) figures or anything that you see or observe in your
surroundings that illustrate an arithmetic sequence?

Assessment
Choose the letter that you think best answers the question. Write your answer
in a separate paper.
1. During a free-fall, a skydiver jumps 16 feet, 48 feet, and 80 feet on the
first, second, and third fall, respectively. If he continues to jump at this
pattern, how many feet will he have jumped during the tenth fall?
a.304 b. 336 c. 314 928 d. 944 784
2. What is the common difference in the sequence: 3, -2, -7, …?
a.1 b. -5 c. 5 d. -1
3. What is the nth term of the arithmetic sequence: 7, 9,11,13, 15, 17,…?
a. 𝑎𝑛 = 3n +4 b. 𝑎𝑛 =4n + 3 c. 𝑎𝑛 =n + 2 d. 𝑎𝑛 = 2n + 5

4. Find p so that the terms, 7p + 2, 5p +12, 2p – 1,… form an arithmetic

sequence.
a. -8 b. -5 c. -13 d. -23
5.Which of the following is an arithmetic sequence?
a.1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9… c. 1, -1, -3, -5…
b.1, 10, 20, 30… d. 7, -7, 7, -7 …
6. Find the missing term in this arithmetic sequence:
23, 18, 13, 8, 3, _____, -7, -12,… .
a.-2 b. 2 c. -5 d. 5
7. In an arithmetic sequence, 𝑎3 = 4 and 𝑎5 = 14. What is the common
difference?
a.6 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3
8. What is the common difference in the sequence:-7, -4, -1, 2, 5,…?
a.-3 b. 3 c. 4 d. -4
9. If the first term of an arithmetic sequence is 10 and the common
difference is -3 then the nth term of the sequence is ______.
 a. an = 13 – 3n c. an = 10 – 3n
b. an 13 + 3n d. an 10 + 3n
13 7 15
10. Find the common difference in the arithmetic sequence: 3, , , ,
4 2 4
…
1 3 5
a.4
b.4
c.2
d. 4
11. Find the first positive term of the arithmetic sequence: -11, -8, -5, …
a. -4 b. 3 c. -2 d. 1
12. Which of the following is not an arithmetic sequence?
a.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … c. 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, …
b.3, 9, 27, 81, … d. 13, 2, -9, -20, -31, …
13. What is NOT true about the arithmetic sequence: 25, 32, 39, 46, …?
a. The common difference is 7. c. the 6th term is 60.
b. The 7th term is 60. d. the general rule is 𝑎𝑛 = 18 + 7n
14. Which of the following is NOT an arithmetic sequence?
a. -5, -2, 1, 4 c. 1, 4, 7
b. 11, 14, 17, 20 d. 3, 7, 12, 18
15. The common difference of the arithmetic sequence whose general term
an = 2n + 1 is _____.
a.-1 b. -2 c. 2 d. 1

Additional Activity

Tell whether the following situations illustrate an arithmetic sequence.

If yes, then give what is asked.

1. I was advised by my physician to walk each day in the morning as

my daily exercise. On my first day, I walked 40m. On the second and
third day, I walked 60m and 80m, respectively, and so on. What is
the distance I walked on the 10th day if I continue my daily walk?

2. The number of works done by a backhoe in a certain area doubles

every 2 hours. If there are N number of works to start with, find the
number of works done in 14 hours.
Answer Key

What I Know What’s More

1. A 1.d= -10 -6,-16, -26

2. D
3. D 2.d= 4 18, 22, 26
4. A
5. C 3.d= 11 26, 37, 48
6. B
7. B
8. B
4.d=-6 3, -3, -9
9. A
10. B 5.d=2 -2, 0, 2
11. B
12. D 6.d=-6 -13, -19, -25
13. D
14. C 7.d= 7 25, 32, 39
15. A
8.d= -7 -22, -29, -36

9.d= -7x -24x,-31x,-38x

10.d= 1 3a+2, 3a+3

What I Have Learned 3a+4
1.Arithmetic
sequence - A sequence
in which term after the
first is formed by adding
a fixed number to the
preceding term.

2. By adding a fixed
number or constant
from the preceding
term.
What I Can Do Assessment:

1. A
Depends on 2. B
3. D
student’s 4. D
5. C
responses. 6. A
7. B
8. B
9. A
Additional Activity 10. A
11. D
1. YES- 12. B
In my 10th day of 13. B
walking, I would 14. D
have walked 15. C
220m.

2. No
References
Callanta, Melvin M., et al., Mathematics Learner’s Module.Pasig City, 2015

Nivera, Gladys C. and Lapinid, Minie Rose C.,Grrade 10 Mathematics: Patterns and
Practicalities. Makati City, Don Bosco Press, 2015.
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