9

English

Quarter 1 – Module 1 Lesson 1

Modelling Modals
(An Introduction to Modal Verbs)

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English – Grade 9
Quarter 1 – Module 1:Lesson 1 Modelling Modals

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over them.

Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writers: AL BAMBINO M. CAMINO

Editors: VENUS V. LAMADRID

Reviewer: EMMA V. DASCO

Illustrator: LOYD WILLIAM F. ROSALIN

Layout Artist: MARITESS G. SANCHEZ

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MODULE 1 Lesson 1
I. Introduction
The lesson prepared for you -- a brief introduction
to modal verbs -- will highlight universal human values
that remain the same throughout the years. This will
guide no
you in your journey through life and will help you realize that
matter how different you might become in the future, your
value system should remain intact the way you think, speak
and interact with others.

II. Objectives:

Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition

using modals

a. Identify modal verbs in sentences expressing obligation,

ability, necessity, willingness, possibility, futurity and permission.
b. Rewrite sentences using modal verbs.

c. Use variety of modals in expressing meaningful utterances.

III. Vocabulary List:

1. absurd – adjective: having no rational or orderly

relationship to human life; lacking order or value

2. clutter – noun: a crowded or confused mass or collection

3. senile – adjective: of, relating to, exhibiting, or characteristic

of old age

4. veritable – adjective: being in fact the thing named and not false,
unreal, or imaginary

5. lamenting – noun: a crying out in grief

6. vitality – noun: capacity to live and develop

7. fleeting – adjective: passing swiftly

*Definitions are taken from Merriam-Webster

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 IV. Pre-Test

Directions: Complete the sentence with the missing modal. Choose from
the options given. Write the letter of your choice on the space provided.

1. During childhood, my friends and I love to play in the rain.

a. could b. will c. would d. should

2. you hand me the scissors, please?

a. can b. will c. shall d. may

3. We have to go now. we?

a. can b. may c. shall d. must

4. I wish you all the best on you journey. _ you have a safe trip.
a. could b. may c. should d. will

5. He has been complaining of headache since morning and now he’s dizzy. He
be sick.
a. can b. may c. shall d. must

V. Learning Activities
Read the essay provided for you here. Find out what it is all about.

Changing World Lasting Values

Andre Maurois (andrey morwa)

You hear many tales nowadays — that the world is absurd, that everything has
changed, that old moral values have died. This is all non-sense, if you look for reality
beneath the clutter of words which hide it, you will rediscover the eternal man. True
values were not invented for the pleasure of senile moralists. They exist because
without them, neither society nor happiness could survive. Here, then, are a few rules
as old as civilization itself which remain true despite the advances of science and
technology.

The first is that man must live for something other than himself. The man who
meditates ceaselessly about himself finds a thousand reasons to be unhappy. He has
not accomplished everything he wanted to or should have done; he has not gotten
everything he thought he deserved; he has not been loved as he dreamed of being
loved- But if he lives for ideals outside of himself — for his faith or his country, for his
friends, his wife and
family, he miraculously forgets all his petty worries. In trying to make others happy, he
also makes himself happy. "The veritable inner world is the veritable outer world."

The second rule is that man must act. "The joy of the soul is inaction." Instead of
lamenting the absurdity of the world, let us try to transform our own little corner. It is not
impossible. We cannot change the whole universe, but who hopes to do that? Our
objective is much more simple: to do our job and do it well, to become a master at it.
Each one works in his own field. I write books, the carpenter assembles my
bookshelves, the policeman directs traffic, the engineer, constructs, the minister
governs. All of them, kept busy at work which they know how to do well, are happy. This
is so true that when people have leisure time, they keep busy with apparently useless
activities such as games and sports. As for useful action, we know from experience that
it is effective: an active mayor makes a city prosperous; an active priest brings vitality to
a parish. "Happy are those in whose eyes men look for order."

The third rule is that one must believe in the power of the will. It is not true that
the future is predetermined- A great man can change the course of history. Any man
who has the courage and the will can change his own future. Naturally, none of us is all-
powerful. Each man's freedom has its limits. Freedom lies between the border of the
possible and the will. It is beyond my power to prevent war, but I can perform an act
which, multiplied by millions, will be effective. It is not possible for me to win a battle, but
it is up to me to be a courageous soldier. Since this limitation of the will is dependent on
what one dares, one must not worry about his limitation; but do the best he can.

Finally, the fourth, and most precious of all values, is faithfulness, Faithfulness to
promises, contracts, to others, and to oneself. One must be among those who can be
counted upon. Faithfulness is not an easy virtue. Thousand of temptations are thrown
across our paths. "Faithfulness in marriage," said Bernard Shaw, is no more natural to
man than the cage to the tiger." Undoubtedly, faithfulness is "natural." It is born of a
voluntary decision, constantly renewed, which helps us to rise above our natures. But it
gives us the lasting joy of being at peace with ourselves. I may forego an immediate
pleasure to assure myself the great joy in the future of looking at my past without
shame, but with pride.

Every society in which citizens live for naught but fleeting pleasures, where men
no longer trust each other, and whose members let themselves go is doomed. When
Rome let go and ceased to set store by the values which made her great, she perished.
When France clung to eternal values she was saved. Modern technology may change
one's modes of action, but they change neither its values, the reasons for it, nor the duty
of faithfulness. Thus it was in the beginning and so it will always be.

Source:
Edna Montano-dela Cruz et.al. (2010). Proficiency in English III. Manila, Philippines: REX Bookstore.
About the Text
Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter that corresponds to you
answer. Write your answer on the space provided before each number.
_ 1. In spite of the changes going on in the world brought about by science and
technology, the essay tells us that _.
a. economic status remains the same c. values do not change
b. standard of living remains the same d. way of life does not change

_ 2. For us to be truly happy, we must live for .

a. our needs c. ourselves
b. our desires d. others
_ 3. Maurois, the writer, says that nobody can change the world, but we can
change our _ _.
a. job c. thinking
b. writing d. reading

_ 4. The writer believes that the most important of all the values is
_.
a. selflessness c. courage
b. action d. faithfulness

_ 5. What does the writer mean with the statement, “Without them, neither society
nor happiness could survive?”
Without values .
a. society could survive, not happiness
b. happiness could survive, not society
c. both society and happiness could survive
d. both society and happiness could not survive

On Grammar Points
The following sentences are found in the reading text.
1. You will rediscover the eternal man.

2. They exist because without them, neither society nor happiness could survive.
3. The first is that man must live for something other than himself.
4. He has not accomplished everything he wanted to or should have done …

5. A great man can change the course of history.

 6. Modern technology may change one's modes of action, but they
change neither its values, the reasons for it, nor the duty of faithfulness.
Observe how the meaning of each sentence changes if the underlined words are
removed.
1. You rediscover the eternal man.

2. They exist because without them, neither society nor happiness survives.
3. The first is that man lives for something other than himself.
4. He has not accomplished everything he wanted to or have done …

5. A great man changes the course of history.

6. Modern technology changes one's modes of action, but they change neither
its values, the reasons for it, nor the duty of faithfulness.
Do you they mean the same?

Think of a modal as relating to some “mode” or form.

A modal verb is a helper that gives additional information about the verb that
follows it.
Will, must, shall, can and may belong to a class of auxiliaries because their
present and past forms can combine with a be-phrase or verb phrase to make a predicate of a sentence.

The base forms of the verbs and of be are used with modals
Modal + (base form of the verb)

Examples: can read, must go, shall be, may come

Modals are used in its present and past forms:

PresentPast
cancould
willwould
shallshould
maymight
musthad to

Modals express a variety of meanings.

 MODALS Examples

1. Can denotes:

Pia can design dresses. She could work

a. ability
for hours.
Can I visit you? Could you switch off
b. permission or request
the lights?
Life can be so challenging. Problems could
c. possibility
be solved.

2. Will indicates:

a. futurity We will graduate next year.

b. willingness or choice I will help you. Will you be ready?

Would expresses:

a. willingness in a potential way

I would take another exam if I were you.

b. polite question, request

Would you help me?

c. future intention from the

He said he would review for the exams.
past point of view
When they were younger, they would go
d. past habitual action
swimming in the river during summer.

3. Shall expresses:

Shall we start?
a. suggestion
Shall we leave at five?
b. same way as will, but is often We shall begin the program with a prayer.
used in ceremonies where The President shall welcome the
protocol is an important factor foreign delegates.
 Should expresses:

a. obligation The Filipinos should serve the country.

4. May expresses:

You may go now.

a. permission
May I walk with you?
May God bless you.
b. a wish
May there be peace on earth.
c. probability It may rain tomorrow.
The glass may
break.

Might is used to express:

He said he might come with us.

less probability
The glass might break.

5. Must is used:

a. to express very strong The workers must pay taxes.

obligation or necessity The crisis must be given attention by the
government.
(It barks. It wags its
b. in making inference or a tail.) It must be dog.
conclusion (John wears a school uniform. He carries
books.)
He must be a student.

Edna Montano-dela Cruz et.al. (2010). Proficiency in English III. Manila, Philippines: REX Bookstore.

VI. Practice Task 1 Be guided

Let’s try it!

 Directions: Complete each sentence with the appropriate modal. Be
guided by the intended meaning given inside the parentheses after each
sentence. Write your answer on space provided.
Example: Hanna _ sing and dance well. (ability)
Hanna _ can _ sing and dance well.

1. Lea enroll to college next year. (futurity)

2. She _ prepare all the requirements for the entrance exam.

(necessity)
3. Some of her friends _ join her in the same school. (less probability)

4. she be able to pass the entrance exam for her dream school.
(wish)
5. If so, she pursue with her course for her ambition. (probability)
6. Her family support her. (obligation)

7. If I were you, I _ take the entrance exam, too. (willingness in

a potential way)
8. Let’s give her this scholarship form as well. we? (suggestion)

9. We know, her parents________________send her to college. (ability)

10. She got an average of 98 in her report card. She be graduating

with highest honors. (inference)

Practice Task 2 Let’s try

Directions: This activity will help you improve your skill in rewriting
sentences. Read each sentence carefully. Using the appropriate modal,
rewrite each sentence to make it shorter.

Example: It is a strong obligation of the police force to uphold peace and order.

The police force must uphold peace and order.

1. Eric has the ability to teach children.

_ _
2. With all his responsibilities, it is possible the he is overworked.
_ _
3. There is a probability of rain this afternoon.
_ _

4. It is necessary for you to support your family.

_ _
5. Anne is willing in a potential way to assist you.

_ _

Practice Task 3 Be certain

Directions: In this activity, you will make use of the variety of meanings
expressed by modals.

This will test your ability to indicate degrees of certainty. Based on

the information given for every situation, complete each item by writing on
the space provided.

1. Situation: I found the book which I lost in school yesterday. I wonder who helped me.

Information: Simoun was absent in class.

Ian was also looking for his book.
Aaron asked me if I lost anything?
Gian heard what Aaron asked
me.

Example: It could be Gian_ .

a. It might be _ .
b. It couldn’t be .
c. It must be _ .

2. Situation: The group set a meeting to plan for their project. I wonder who is coming.

Information: Gino sometimes forgets his commitments.

Joshua has a perfect attendance to all the group’s activities.
Uriel was out of town.
Ivan called up and said he’s on his way.

a. might come.
b. will attend the meeting.
c. should be at the meeting.
d. won’t attend the meeting.
3. Situation: I found a birthday gift on our doorstep this morning. I wonder who among
my closest friends planned to surprise me.

Information: Yanna sent greetings last night, but she got no way to get here.
Mijo is thoughtful but he always forgets birthdays.
Orlo loves surprises but he lives quite far from us.
Echo was out driving last night, but didn’t want to tell me his
whereabouts.

a. It couldn’t be _.
b. It could be _.
c. It mustn’t be _ .
d. It must be _ .

VII. Post Test

Directions: Complete each sentence with the appropriate modal.
Write on the space provided.

1. The group prepared everything today. They _ go on camping

tomorrow.
a. can b. may c. must d. will

2. There is a policy in school that we _ _ wear our IDs at all times.

a. could b. might c. must d. shall

3. I need to go to the next class________________I leave the room now?

a. Can b. May c. Should d. Would

4. The club needs someone who has leadership skills and_______________do

multi-tasking.
a. can b. may c. shall d. must

5. When John was younger, he______ play in the garden for hours.
a. could b. might c. would d. should

6. The venue is quite far, we don’t have much time. We take a ride.
a. can b. may c. will d. should

7. Bring your umbrella, the weather isn’t fine. It rain later.

a. could b. might c. will d. must
8. I don’t know how to do this. _ _ you help me accomplish this form,
please?
a. will b. would c. shall d. should

9. Johann has been reviewing his notes. He has a quiz tomorrow. He _ be

studying.
a. can b. will c. should d. must

10. You have been working all day, yet you haven’t taken time to rest. You
tired.
a. can b. will c. should d. must

VIII. Assignment/s

Directions: In one paragraph, with five sentences using modal

verbs of obligation, say something about yourself that most people
do not know about you.
What can and could , will and would, shall and should, may, might
and must you do?
_ _

_ _
_ _
__ _
_ _
_ _

_ _
_ _
_

__ _
_ _
_ _

Use the rubric:

 Simple Paragraph Rubric
Criteria 5 4 3 2 1
All Only five Only four Only three Only two
sentences sentences sentences sentences sentences
in the in the in the in the in the
Content paragraph paragraph paragraph paragraph paragraph
respond to respond to respond to respond to respond to
the the the the the
question. question. question. question. question.
The The The The The
paragraph paragraph paragraph paragraph paragraph
shows a shows 1-2 shows 3-4 shows 5 has more
Organizati logical sentences sentences sentences than 5
on of ideas arrangeme which are which are which are sentences
nt of ideas. not properly not properly not properly which are
organized. organized. organized. not properly
organized.
All rules on Any 1-2 Any 3-4 Any 5 rules More than 5
capitalizati rules are rules are are not rules are
on, not properly not properly properly not properly
Mechanics spelling, observed. observed. observed. observed.
of Writing grammar,
etc. are
perfectly
observed.

Bibliography
Edna Montano-dela Cruz et.al. (2010). Proficiency in English III. Manila, Philippines: REX Bookstore.

Graphics by: Loyd William F. Rosalin

Answer Key:
Pre-Test
1. C
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. D

About the Text

1. C
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. D

Practice Task 1
1. Lea will enroll to college next year. (futurity)
2. She must prepare all the requirements for the entrance exam. (necessity)

3. Some of her friends might join her in the same school. (less probability)
4. May she be able to pass the entrance exam for her dream school. (wish)

5. If so, she can pursue with her course for her ambition. (possibility)
6. Her family should support her. (obligation)
7. If I were you, I would take the entrance exam, too.(willingness in a potential way)

8. Let’s give her this scholarship form as well. Shall we? (suggestion)
9. We know, her parents can send her to college. (ability)
10. She got an average of 98 in her report card. She must be graduating with highest
honors. (inference)

Practice Task 2

1. Eric has the ability to teach

children. Eric can teach
children.
2. With all his responsibilities, it is possible the he is
overworked. With all his responsibilities, he must be
overworked.
3. There is a possibility of rain this
afternoon. It may rain this afternoon.
4. It is necessary for you to support your
family. You must support your family.
5. Anne is willing in a potential way to assist
you. Anne will assist you.

Practice Task 3
1. a. Ian
b. Simoun
c. Aaron
2. a. Gino
b. Ivan
c. Joshua
d. Uriel
3. a. Mijo
b. Orlo
c. Yanna
d. Echo

Post Test

1. D
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. D

Assignment/s
(Answers may vary.)