9702 w17 QP 41 PDF
9702 w17 QP 41 PDF
9702 w17 QP 41 PDF
PHYSICS 9702/41
Paper 4 A Level Structured Questions October/November 2017
2 hours
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DC (JP) 154384
© UCLES 2017 [Turn over
2
Data
Formulae
1
uniformly accelerated motion s = ut + 2 at 2
v 2 = u 2 + 2as
Gm
gravitational potential φ = −
r
1 Nm 2
pressure of an ideal gas p = 〈c 〉
3 V
simple harmonic motion a = − ω 2x
Q
electric potential V =
4πε0r
capacitors in parallel C = C1 + C2 + . . .
1
energy of charged capacitor W = 2 QV
resistors in series R = R1 + R2 + . . .
BI
Hall voltage VH =
ntq
0.693
decay constant λ =
t 1
2
1 (a) State
(i) what may be deduced from the difference in the temperatures of two objects,
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(b) By reference to your answer in (a)(ii), explain why two thermometers may not give the same
temperature reading for an object.
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(c) A block of aluminium of mass 670 g is heated at a constant rate of 95 W for 6.0 minutes.
The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 910 J kg−1 K− 1.
The initial temperature of the block is 24 °C.
(i) Assuming that no thermal energy is lost to the surroundings, show that the final
temperature of the block is 80 °C.
[3]
100
80
θ / °C
60
40
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
t / minutes
Fig. 1.1
1. Use the information in (i) to draw, on Fig. 1.1, a line to represent the temperature of
the block, assuming no energy losses to the surroundings. [1]
2. Using Fig. 1.1, calculate the total energy loss to the surroundings during the heating
process.
[Total: 10]
2 (a) State, by reference to simple harmonic motion, what is meant by angular frequency.
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clamp
metal strip
load
mass M
Fig. 2.1
The load is displaced vertically and then released. The load oscillates.
The variation with the acceleration a of the displacement s of the load is shown in Fig. 2.2.
4.0
s / cm
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
–1.0 –0.8 –0.6 –0.4 –0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
a / m s–2
Fig. 2.2
displacement = ......................................................... cm
amplitude = ......................................................... cm
[2]
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[Total: 9]
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(b) Explain why, for changes in vertical position of a point mass near the Earth’s surface, the
gravitational field strength may be considered to be constant.
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(c) The orbit of the Earth about the Sun is approximately circular with a radius of 1.5 × 108 km.
The time period of the orbit is 365 days.
Determine a value for the mass M of the Sun. Explain your working.
M = .................................................... kg [5]
[Total: 8]
4 A coaxial cable is frequently used to connect an aerial to a television receiver. Such a cable is
illustrated in Fig. 4.1.
plastic
insulator
covering
copper
core
copper
braid
Fig. 4.1
1. ..............................................................................................................................................
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2. ..............................................................................................................................................
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[2]
(b) Suggest two reasons why a wire pair is not usually used to connect the aerial to the receiver.
1. ..............................................................................................................................................
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2. ..............................................................................................................................................
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[2]
Calculate the fractional loss in signal power during transmission of the signal along the cable.
5 (a) (i) State Coulomb’s law for the force between two point charges.
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(ii) Two point charges are situated in a vacuum and separated by a distance R. The force
between the charges is FC.
On Fig. 5.1, sketch a graph to show the variation of the force F between the charges with
separation x for values of x from x = R to x = 4R.
1.0 Fc
0.8 Fc
0.6 Fc
0.4 Fc
0.2 Fc
0
R 2R 3R 4R
x
[3]
Fig. 5.1
(b) Two coils C and D are placed close to one another, as shown in Fig. 5.2.
coil C coil D
I e.m.f. E
V
Fig. 5.2
The variation with time t of the current I in coil C is shown in Fig. 5.3.
On Fig. 5.4, show the variation with time t of the e.m.f. E induced in coil D for time t = 0 to
time t = t5.
0
0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t
Fig. 5.3
0
0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t
Fig. 5.4
[4]
[Total: 8]
6 Two capacitors P and Q, each of capacitance C, are connected in series with a battery of e.m.f.
9.0 V, as shown in Fig. 6.1.
switch S
9.0 V
X Y
P T
R
C C
Fig. 6.1
Calculate
capacitor P: ..............................................................................................................................
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capacitor Q: .............................................................................................................................
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[4]
[Total: 8]
7 The circuit of an amplifier incorporating an ideal operational amplifier (op-amp) is shown in Fig. 7.1.
R2
+9.0 V
R1
P
–
+
V IN
–9.0 V V OUT
Fig. 7.1
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(ii) derive an expression, in terms of the resistances R1 and R2, for the gain of the amplifier
circuit.
[4]
R2
(b) In the circuit of Fig. 7.1, the ratio is 4.5.
R1
The variation with time t of the input potential VIN is shown in Fig. 7.2.
14
12
10
6
potential / V
4
2 VIN
0
t
–2
–4
–6
–8
–10
–12
–14
Fig. 7.2
On Fig. 7.2, show the variation with time t of the output potential VOUT. [3]
[Total: 11]
8 A thin slice of conducting material is placed normal to a uniform magnetic field of flux density B, as
shown in Fig. 8.1.
magnetic field
flux density B
F E
S
R
C D
P Q
current I
Fig. 8.1
A current I passes through the slice and is normal to the faces CDQP and FERS.
A potential difference, the Hall voltage VH, is developed across the slice.
(a) State the faces between which the Hall voltage VH is developed.
(b) The current I is produced by charge carriers, each of charge +q moving at speed v in the
direction of the current. The number density of the charge carriers is n.
(i) Derive an expression relating the Hall voltage VH to v, B and d, where d is one of the
dimensions of the slice.
[3]
(ii) Use your answer in (b)(i) and an expression for the current I in the slice to derive the
expression
BI
VH = .
ntq
[2]
(c) Suggest why the Hall voltage is difficult to detect in a thin slice of copper.
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[Total: 8]
9 (a) In computed tomography (CT scanning), it is necessary to take a series of many X-ray
images.
Outline briefly the principles of CT scanning.
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A B
V1
D C
V2
V4
V3
Fig. 9.1
The section is viewed from four different directions V1, V2, V3 and V4, as shown in Fig. 9.1.
The detector readings for each direction are noted and then summed. The result is shown in
Fig. 9.2.
47 59
44 32
Fig. 9.2
A ............................... B ...............................
D ............................... C ...............................
[3]
[Total: 7]
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(b) Transmission of electrical energy is frequently achieved using alternating high voltages.
Suggest why
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[Total: 6]
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(c) The indium-123 nucleus is stationary before emission of the γ-ray photon.
Use your answer in (b)(ii) to estimate the recoil speed of the nucleus after emission of the
photon.
[Total: 7]
© UCLES 2017 9702/41/O/N/17 [Turn over
22
12 (a) A radiation detector is placed close to a radioactive source. The detector does not surround
the source.
Radiation is emitted in all directions and, as a result, the activity of the source and the
measured count rate are different.
Suggest two other reasons why the activity and the measured count rate may be different.
1. ..............................................................................................................................................
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2. ..............................................................................................................................................
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[2]
(b) The variation with time t of the measured count rate in (a) is shown in Fig. 12.1.
180
160
count rate
/ min–1 140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
t / hours
Fig. 12.1
(i) State the feature of Fig. 12.1 that indicates the random nature of radioactive decay.
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(ii) Use Fig. 12.1 to determine the half-life of the radioactive isotope in the source.
1. the half-life,
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[3]
[Total: 10]
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