Pre-Ap Algebra 2 Test Key
Pre-Ap Algebra 2 Test Key
1
Instructor: John Knight EDUC 450 Wesley Pace
4.) Determine which relations, if any, are f unctions. Select ALL answers that satisf y this condition.
(a) {(2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 8), (5, 7), (8, 13), (9, 3)} (Correct) Each input value x corresponds one
and only one output value y in the form (x, y ).
(b) y = x2 + 7 (Correct) This function passes the vertical line test.
(c) y = √3x − 22 (Correct) This function passes the vertical line test.
(d) x2 + y 2 = 64 (Incorrect) This is the equation for a circle and does not pass the vertical line test.
x+2
5.) W hat is the domain of the f unction f (x) = x2 −49 in set builder notation?
(a) {x | x =/ − 7} (Incorrect) Answer does not include x = 7 , which is not part of the domain.
(b) {x | x =/ − 7, x =/ 7} (Correct) We look for all values of x that are valid inputs for f (x) .
We must find and disclude all values of x which are undefined in f (x) (i.e., asymptotes,
invalid function inputs, holes, etc.). The only values that would make f (x) undefined are
values of x that would make the denominator of f (x) = 0 . Thus, we set the expression in the
denominator equal to zero and solve for x − v alues that makes the denominator equal zero.
So, x2 − 49 is a dif f erence of squares. Setting f (x) = 0 gives us, x2 − 49 = 0. We can
factor the left side of the equation into (x + 7)(x − 7) = 0 and see that when x =± 7 the
denominator equals zero (Zero Product Property). These values must be excluded from the
domain. So the final answer is = {x | x =/ − 7, x =/ 7} . *Note: This can be solved using
the square root property too.
(c) {x | x =/ 49 } (Incorrect) The function f (x) includes the value of 49 in its domain.
(d) {x | x =/ − 7, x =/ − 2, x =/ 7} (Incorrect) This answer includes an extra value. When
f (2) = 0 , which is an included value in the domain of f (x) .
(e) {x | x = All real numbers (ℝ)}. The function f (x) does have domain issues; namely,
{x| x =/ − 7, x =/ 7} . These values must be excluded from the domain of f (x) .
2
Instructor: John Knight EDUC 450 Wesley Pace
(a) (b)
3
Instructor: John Knight EDUC 450 Wesley Pace
Short Answer: (Each short answer question is worth eight points . Work must be shown to receive full or
partial credit.)
1
9.) C alculate the average rate of change f or f (x) = 2 (x − 2) − 8 over the interval [2, 6].
T he average rate of chance (or secant line slope) is determined by evaluating the
f unction f (x) at the end points of the given interval and using these values to calculate the
slope of the secant line between these points. (See graph below)
Thus, the average rate of change (ARC) is found by evaluating f (2) and f (6) and then finding
the slope of the secant line at these points. Thus we have,
f (2) =− 8, so (x, f (x)) = (2,− 8) and f (6) = 0, so (x, f (x)) = (6, 0). [3 − pts]
Change in y f (x)2 −f (x)1 0 − (−8)
Average Rate of Change = Change in x = x 2 −x1 = 6−2 = 8
4 = 2. [5 − pts]
4
Instructor: John Knight EDUC 450 Wesley Pace
10.) Evaluate the Dif f erence Quotient for the function g (x) = x2 + 3x + 5 .
f (x+h) − f (x)
[Hint : h , h =/ 0. Remove h f rom the denominator]
Using the hint, we have . . .
f (x+h) − f (x) [(x+h)2 + 3(x+h) + 5] −( x2 + 3x +5)
h = h [5-pts]
2
x + 2xh + h2 + 3x + 3h + 5 − x2 − 3x −5
= [2-pts]
h
2xh + h2 + 3h
= h
= 2x + h + 3, h =/ 0. [3-pts]
11.) Determine whether the f unction f def ined as f (x) = x4 − 2x2 + 6 is even, odd, or neither.
Does the f unction f (x) have symmetry with respect to the y − axis or the origin? Explain your answer.
E V EN T EST f or f (x) : f (− x) = (− x)2 − 2(− x)2 + 6 = x4 − 2x2 + 6 = f (x). T hus, f (x) is even. [4 − pts]
ODD T EST f or f (x) : f (− x) = (− x)2 − 2(− x)2 + 6 = x4 − 2x2 + 6 =−/ f (x). So, f (x) is not odd.
E xplain : Since f (− x) = f (x) the f unction will have symmetry with respect to the y − axis.
T his means that each input value x and its corresponding opposite (− x) will have the same f (x) value. [4 − pts]
12.) Part (a): Graph the function g (x) . Part (b): evaluate the function for the given values.
(a) [5 − pts]
[SEE GRAPH BELOW]
5
Instructor: John Knight EDUC 450 Wesley Pace
* N ote that the endpoints f or the piecewise f unction f (x)2 = x − 2 (in red) does not include its end points.
(b) E valuate g(x) f or the f ollowing values :
(i) g (4) = 4.W
e must choose the piecewise function that satisfies the condition that
2 2 2
x = 4. This is the third function listed. Thus, g (4) = (x − 2) = (4 − 2) = 2 = 4. [1 − pt.]
(ii) g (− 2) = 5. We must choose the piecewise function that satisfies the condition that
x =− 2. This is the first function listed. Thus, g (− 2) = (3 − x) = (3 − (− 2)) = 5. [1 − pt.]
(iii) g (1) =− 1 We must choose the piecewise function that satisfies the condition that
x = 1. This is the second function listed. Thus, g (1) = (x − 2) = (1 − 2) =− 1. [1 − pt.]
2
13.) Graph the function f (x) = − 21 (x + 4) − 3 and list each transformation.
If no transformation exists for a category write N/A (i.e., not applicable).
Parent Function: f (x) = x2 . [1-pt]
Translation(s): A horizontal shif t of 4 − units to the lef t and a vertical shif t down 3 − units.
[1-pt.]
Reflection: Ref lection over the x − axis (since the leading a − term is negative. [1-pt.]
Stretch/Shrink: A vertical shrink (compression) towards x − axis by a scalar value of 21 . [1-pt.]
SEE GRAPH BELOW.
(*Note: Partial credit will be awarded according to responses.)
6
Instructor: John Knight EDUC 450 Wesley Pace
[4pts]
14.) Given parent function g (x) = √x , write the transformation equation h(x) that has a
horizontal-shift shift two units to the right, a vertical-shift three units up, a reflection over the
x-axis, and a vertical stretch of 2.
I f g(x) = √x, then h(x) = h(x) = − 2√x + 2 + 3.
Partial credit will be awarded if part of the transformations are correctly
chosen (2-pts awarded for each transformation done correctly). To receive
full credit learners must have every piece done correctly.
7
Instructor: John Knight EDUC 450 Wesley Pace
Full Response: (Each full response question is worth six points . Work must be shown to receive full or partial
credit.)
15.)
Let f (x) = 1
x−3
and g(x) = √x − 1 . F ind g(f (x)) and write the domain of g(f (x)) in interval notation.
This is a function composition question. T he f unction g(f (x)) means that f (x) is composed into g.
√ √ √
1 1−(x−3) 4−x
T hus, g(f (x)) = √f (x) − 1 = x−3
−1= x−3
= x−3
. [4 pts]
T he domain of g(f (x)) is f ound by f inding domain values that satisf y f (x) and are valid f or g(x).
T hus, the domain f or g(f (x) in interval notation is (3, 4]. V alues outside this domain are non − real/undef .
[2 pts]
16.) F or a road trip you need to calculate the total number of gallons of gas that will be used.
* N ote : Y our vehicle moves at 50 mile per hour on the highway and gets 25 miles per gallon.
P art (a) : W rite a f unction representing the distance d(x) (miles) that the vehicle travels in x hours.
d(x) = 50x
This means that the vehicle will have travelled 50 miles per hour driven. [1-pts]
P art (b) : W rite a f unction n(x) representing the number of gallons of gas the vehicle uses per d miles.
d
n(x) = 25
This means that vehicle will have used n-gallons of gas per d-miles driven. [1-pts]
P art (c) : Determine (n o d)(x) and explain what the f unction represents.
(n ο d)(x) = n(d(x)) = 50x
25 .
This equation represents the number of gallons of gas used in x-hours of driving. [2-pts]
P art (d) : C alculate (n o d)(12) and explain the meaning of this evaluation in context to problem 15.
50(12)
(n ο d)(12) = 25 = 600
25 = 24.
T his means that the vehicle used 24 gallons of gas in 12 hrs. [2-pts] ◻