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    Fluid Statics: Bes 4/L Fluid Mechanics

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    Kurimaw Chu
    1. Fluid statics deals with pressure, pressure measurements, and forces in fluids at rest. Pressure is defined as the ratio of normal force to area at a point. 2. There are three types of pressure: absolute, gauge, and vacuum. Absolute pressure is measured relative to zero pressure, gauge pressure is measured relative to atmospheric pressure, and vacuum pressure is the difference between atmospheric and actual pressure. 3. Other concepts in fluid statics include pressure head, velocity head, hydraulic machines, the hydrostatic equation, and pressure transducers which convert pressure to electrical signals. The hydrostatic equation predicts pressure variation in constant density fluids.

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    Fluid Statics: Bes 4/L Fluid Mechanics

    Uploaded by

    Kurimaw Chu
    69 views20 pages
    1. Fluid statics deals with pressure, pressure measurements, and forces in fluids at rest. Pressure is defined as the ratio of normal force to area at a point. 2. There are three types of pressure: absolute, gauge, and vacuum. Absolute pressure is measured relative to zero pressure, gauge pressure is measured relative to atmospheric pressure, and vacuum pressure is the difference between atmospheric and actual pressure. 3. Other concepts in fluid statics include pressure head, velocity head, hydraulic machines, the hydrostatic equation, and pressure transducers which convert pressure to electrical signals. The hydrostatic equation predicts pressure variation in constant density fluids.

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    3.-FLUID-STATICS

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    1. Fluid statics deals with pressure, pressure measurements, and forces in fluids at rest. Pressure is defined as the ratio of normal force to area at a point. 2. There are three types of pressure: absolute, gauge, and vacuum. Absolute pressure is measured relative to zero pressure, gauge pressure is measured relative to atmospheric pressure, and vacuum pressure is the difference between atmospheric and actual pressure. 3. Other concepts in fluid statics include pressure head, velocity head, hydraulic machines, the hydrostatic equation, and pressure transducers which convert pressure to electrical signals. The hydrostatic equation predicts pressure variation in constant density fluids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    69 views20 pages

    Fluid Statics: Bes 4/L Fluid Mechanics

    Uploaded by

    Kurimaw Chu
    1. Fluid statics deals with pressure, pressure measurements, and forces in fluids at rest. Pressure is defined as the ratio of normal force to area at a point. 2. There are three types of pressure: absolute, gauge, and vacuum. Absolute pressure is measured relative to zero pressure, gauge pressure is measured relative to atmospheric pressure, and vacuum pressure is the difference between atmospheric and actual pressure. 3. Other concepts in fluid statics include pressure head, velocity head, hydraulic machines, the hydrostatic equation, and pressure transducers which convert pressure to electrical signals. The hydrostatic equation predicts pressure variation in constant density fluids.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 20

    FLUID STATICS

    BES 4/L FLUID MECHANICS


    PRESSURE
    is defined as the ratio of normal force
    to area at a point.
    Ex.
    The pressure in a balloon will push on a
    water column upward about 8 inches.
    Engineers state that the pressure in the
    balloon is 8 inches of water.
    PRESSURE

    ABSOLUTE PRESSURE
    pressure measured relative to zero pressure.
    GAGE PRESSURE
    A pressure value when pressure is measured relative to
    prevailing local atmospheric pressure.
    PRESSURE
    VACUUM PRESSURE
    is defined as the difference between atmospheric
    pressure and actual pressure.

    Pabs = Patm + Pgage


    Pabs = Patm - Pvacuum
    Pvaccum = - Pgage
    PRESSURE HEAD

    P = wh
    P = gage pressure
    h = pressure head
    w = weight density
    VELOCITY HEAD

    h = velocity head
    v = velocity of fluid
    g = gravity
    HYDRAULIC MACHINES
    uses components such as pistons, pumps, and hoses to
    transmit forces and energy using fluids.

    HYDROSTATIC EQUATION
    is used to predict pressure variation in a fluid with constant
    density.
    HYDROSTATIC EQUATION

    PZ = Piezometric Pressure
    h = Piezometric Head
    EXAMPLE
    What is the water
    pressure at a depth of
    35 ft in the tank
    shown?
    EXAMPLE
    Oil with a specific gravity of 0.80
    forms a layer 0.90 m deep in an
    open tank that is otherwise filled
    with water. The total depth of
    water and oil is 3 m. What is the
    gage pressure at the bottom of
    the tank?
    PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
    BAROMETER
    An instrument that is used
    to measure atmospheric
    pressure.
    PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
    BOURDON-TUBE GAGE
    measures pressure by sensing the deflection of a coiled tube.
    The tube has an elliptical cross section and is bent into a
    circular arc.
    PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
    PIEZOMETER
    is a vertical tube, usually transparent,
    in which a liquid rises in response to a
    positive gage pressure.

    MANOMETER
    often shaped like the letter “U,” is a
    device for measuring pressure by
    raising or lowering a column of liquid.
    EXAMPLE
    What is the pressure of the air in the tank if l1=40 cm, l2=100
    cm, and l3=80 cm?
    PRESSURE TRANSDUCER
    is a device that converts pressure to an electrical signal. are
    designed to produce electronic signals that can be transmitted
    to oscillographs or digital devices for record-keeping or to
    control other devices for process operation.
    FORCES ON PLANE SURFACES
    PLANE SURFACE OR PANEL
    - is a flat surface of arbitrary shape.
    PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
    - the pressure at all points along a surface
    HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
    DISTRIBUTION
    the pressure distribution when a pressure distribution is
    produced by a fluid in hydrostatic equilibrium.
    EXAMPLE
    BOUYANCY
    Is defined as the upward force that is produced on a body that
    is totally or partially submerged in a fluid when the fluid is in a
    gravity field.
    BOUYANCY
    A. Weight of object in air

    B. If the object is floating

    C. If the object is submerged

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