Explanatory Notes for Select Exercises

PART – Ι 17. The given sentence is correct because "innings" is used as

Section ΙΙ – Correction of Sentences a singular as well as a plural noun.

Exercise – 7 18. Sceneries (x)

Scenery is always used as a singular noun. Hence the
1. "Advice" is an uncountable noun; so many advices is (x) answer is : These scenes of Kashmir ….. (
)
Much, a lot of, or plenty of, are used with uncountables.
Answer: a lot of advice. 19. brother-in-laws (x)
The plural form of brother-in-law is brothers-in-law.
2. Many informations (x)
Hence my brothers-in-law ……. (
)
information - uncountable noun
Hence a lot of information (or) much information.
20. These golds (x)
3. a summon (x) This gold ……… (
)
Summon is a verb - to call Gold is ‘material’ noun so uncountable.
Summons is a noun - Magisterial orders. Hence singular.
It is a singular noun
The Magistrate has issued summons (
)……. Exercise – 8

4. hairs (x) 1. Between you and I (x)

Should not be used in plural number.
Answer: My hair has turned grey. Rule : When a pronoun is connected by a conjunction (and,
Hairs should be used only when counted or) with some other word in objective case, it must also be
separately, but not when in a bunch. in objective case.

5. furnitures (x) Hence answer: “Between you and me ……..”

It is used as a singular noun.
[Note: “The secretary” is the subject here].
Hence answer: Our office has purchased new furniture
……..
2. “do your duty …….” (x)
6. troubles - maker (x) one is an indefinite pronoun. The pronoun following ‘one’
"One of the" takes a plural noun and singular verb. should be one’s (not his/her)
∴Answer: One of the trouble - makers ……. Ans: one should do one’s duty ……. (
)
The subject here is ‘one’, which is always singular. The
sentence means ‘one among many’. So trouble makers. 3. Like you and he (x)
Follows the same rule as in question 1.
7. thiefs (x) Hence Ans: Good students like You and him ….. (
)
plural of thief is thieves
Answer: Four thieves ……… 4. You, he and I (x) – wrong ordering of words.
While expressing a negative idea or guilt,
8. machineries is wrong usage. First person – first
(machinery: machines collectively) Second person – second and
Answer: latest machinery. Third person – third
Ans I, you and he ……… (
)
9. many mischiefs (x)
Many acts of mischief (
) or 5. Only You and him (x)
A lot of mischief (
) ‘You’ is in subjective case.
A pronoun in subjective case, when connected with another
10. order (x)
pronoun by a conjunction (and, or), the second pronoun
(order: The way in which people or things are arranged)
also must be in subjective case.
(orders: instructions)
Hence only you and he ……….. (
)
The Magistrate has passed orders ……
6. If I were him …….. (x)
11. Scissor (x) “If I were ………” states impossible condition, the pronoun
Names of instruments with two identical parts are always ‘I’ is in subjective case hence it should be followed by the
used as plural. subjective case of the pronoun.
Answer: This scissors …………. If I were he …….(
)
12. Cannon: a large, heavy piece of artillery
7. Everyone announced one’s …….. (x)
(plural form is cannon or cannons)
Everyone – indefinite pronoun
Hence the sentence is correct.
“Everyone” is followed by the pronoun “his”.
13. alm (x) Everyone announced his ……….
The beggar is begging for alms (
)
("alms" used as a plural noun). 8. She helped everyone of those boys in doing their work (x)
“everyone of the boys” should be followed by the pronoun “his”
14. luggages (x) Hence answer: …….. is doing his work.
He has lost all his luggage ……. (
).
(luggage is used as a singular noun.) 9. Every teacher and every student …….. their duty (x)
[teacher and student are common genders].
15. The given sentence is correct.
Hence answer: Every teacher and every student …….. his
(Note: dispose is followed by the preposition 'of' and not
or her duty.
'off')
16. pain (x) 10. Neither of the boys ….. have ……….their records.
"pain" means suffering. “Neither of the” is always followed by a singular verb and
"pains" mean care. singular pronoun.
In the statement; she took great pains ….. (
) Hence answer: Neither of the boys …… has ……. his record.

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11. availed of (x) 8. Senior than (x)
The verb “avail” always takes a “self” pronoun and The comparative adjectives which end in ‘or’ are always
preposition ‘of’. followed by ‘to’.
Hence she availed herself of ……….. My friend is senior to me by 4 years. (
)
12. one another (x) 9. Preferable than (x)
“one another” and “each other” are reciprocal pronouns Preferable is followed by ‘to’
“one another” refers to three or more whereas ‘each other’ Answer: Death is preferable to disgrace.
refers to two persons or things.
Hence answer: Those two companies always help each 10. Worth-seeing city (x)
other (
) City worth-seeing (
)
The adjective “worth-seeing” qualifies the noun “city”.
13. “one another” (x)
answer: each other; follows the same rule mentioned in the 11. Both sisters are doctors (x)
previous statement. Both of my friend’s sisters are doctors. (
)

14. ……… enjoy during holidays (x) 12. The two first …… (x)
enjoy takes a reflexive (self) pronoun as the object because Answer: The first two chapters…….. (
)
it is a transitive verb.
Dear students, enjoy yourselves ……. (
) 13. Greater than any student (x)
Suvarna is to be excluded from the students with whom she
15. Committee is used as a plural noun here, since each one is being compared.
has a different opinion hence the pronoun following it also Hence the correct sentence is Suvarna is greater than any
should be in plural. other student. (
)
The committee were divided in their ……..(
)
14. better than any drama (x)
16. The team, ………. Its both (x) “team” is a collection noun, The rule followed is the same as in the previous sentence.
when the reference is to both”, every individual is taken Further, if Shakuntala is the name of a drama or a woman
separately. So, the correct sentence is the team ….. their is not clear, in which case, it becomes wrong comparison.
both (
)
15. is further from (x)
17. My opinion is the same as your (x) further is used to mean “additional”.
My opinion is the same as yours (possessive case of the farther is used to express distance.
pronoun) Hence the right sentence is, his house is farther…..(
)
18. ……….. only you and she (x) 16. Later suggestion (x)
‘You’ is in objective case. Later refers to time, while latter refers to position.
Hence the second pronoun also must be in objective case Hence later suggestion is erroneous in this context.
(her) The latter suggestion ……..(
)
Refer to the rule stated in question (1).
Ans: We were told to let …… you and her enter. 17. Smell sweetly (x)
Smell sweet (
)
19. which (x)
‘who’ is he right word to be used, because here the 18. Little learning (x)
reference is to a person. A little learning (
)
(Rule is the same as the rule mentioned in Q.5)
20. His problems are the same as my (x)
His problems the same as mine (
) 19. the most happiest ……. (x)
(possessive case of) Dual superlatives should not be used.
The right sentence is ……… “the happiest”
Exercise – 9
20. The rich people hate poor (x)
1. more wiser (x) the rich hate the poor.
usage of dual comparatives is wrong.
the rich indicates → rich people
Answer: I am wiser than…….. (
)
the poor indicates → poor people
2. ……… larger than you (x)
Exercise – 10
The comparison should be between two similar things
Answer: My house is larger than yours (
) 1. The given sentence is correct.
(Yours → Your house)
2. “Only wants’ (x)
3. ………. is better than Madras (x) Rule: An adverb must be placed as near as possible to the
The comparison is between the climate of two places. word it modifies.
Hence it is correct to say: The climate of Hyderabad is Here ‘only’ modifies rupees ten thousand.
better than that of Madras. (
)
3. Worked hardly (x)
4. The given sentence is correct. Many a + Singular noun + “Hardly” conveys a negative meaning.
Singular verb is the correct structure. Worked hardly → did not work at all.
5. little sugar (x) Hence worked hard (
)
Little – Not at all.
4. hardly entered …….. than (x)
a little – some
“Hardly” is always followed by “when”
(‘Little’ is used for uncountable nouns)
……… hardly entered…….. when………
A little sugar (
)
5. No sooner did I ……. when the train left (x)
6. Older (x) The expression
Older is used only when we compare people belonging to “No sooner did is” always followed by than.
different families. The answer is: No sooner had I…. than the train left. (
)
Pooja is my elder sister (
)
6. Completely finish your homework before lunch. (x)
7. much fine (x) …… finish your homework completely before lunch (
)
very fine (
) Adverb should follow verb and when object is present,
'much' is generally used in a negative sense. adverb should follow that.
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7. He always is ….. (x) 6. These are a bunch of keys (x)
He is always ………(
) bunch of keys – collective noun.
Rule: The adverb should be placed after the verb in the Hence it takes a singular verb.
sentence. ∴ This is a bunch of keys……..(
)
8. The given sentence is correct.
7. A pious man and good neighbour have died (x)
9. She does her work meticulously Rule:
Rule: when an adverb modifies an intransitive verb, it When two nouns are joined by ‘and’ and they refer to the
usually follows the verb. same person or thing, the verb is singular.
10. The given sentence is grammatically correct. A pious man and good neighbour has died (
)
11. I only have _ _ _ _ _ _ (x) 8. Bread and milk are (x)
I have only twenty _ _ _ _ (✓ ) “Bread and milk” is treated as singular noun as they reflect
a single idea, hence takes a singular verb.
An adverb must be placed as near as possible to the word Bread and milk is (
)
it modifies, in order to make the meaning clear.
12. The given sentence is grammatically correct. 9. Sanjay as well as his brothers have gone home (x)
Rule: When the subject of the sentence consists of two
13. The given sentence is grammatically correct. nouns joined with “as well as”, then the verb agrees with
14. Have ----- country ever _ _ _ _ _ _ (x) the first subject.
Sanjay as well as his brothers has gone ……(
)
Have you ever ------ country (✓ )
In interrogative sentences the adverb of frequency follows 10. ……… with his followers have escaped.
the subject immediately. Rule: When the subject of the sentence consists of two
nouns joined with “with”, the verb agrees with the first
15. Carefully read the terms and conditions -_ _ _ (x) subject.
Read the terms and conditions carefully -_ _ _ (✓ ) ……… with his followers has escaped.
Adverbs of manner which answer the question how, are 11. The correction is ‘eight people were recruited and, of
generally placed after the verb or after the object if there is them four have resigned’. The idea expressed in the
one. second part of the sentence requires a different verb
16. The room is not enough big_ _ _ (x) pattern from the one used in the first part of the sentence.
Hence the correction is ‘were recruited…... and have
The room is not big enough _ _ _ (✓)
resigned’.
The adverb enough is always placed after the word which it
modifies. 12. The correction is ‘As soon as the mother saw what the
child had done, she admonished her’. Both the actions
17. Vizag is rather a _ _ _ _ (x)
had occurred in the past - one after the other. The earlier
Vizag is a rather _ _ _ (✓) action takes past perfect and the later action takes simple
When an adverb modifies an adjective or another adverb, past.
the adverb usually comes before it. 13. ‘Next month’ indicates future. But ‘by this time next
18. I could not help not _ _ _ _ (x) month’ shows that the action will be completed at a
I could not help sympathizing _ _ _ (✓) particular time in the future. Hence future perfect tense has
to be used. ‘I will have moved…’.
Two negatives should not be used in the same sentence
unless we wish to make an affirmation. 14. Simple past is used when the definite time of action is
indicated. Hence the use of ‘was rectified’ is incorrect as
19. This suitcase is not enough big _ _ _ _ (x)
no definite time of action is indicated. When no definite time
This suitcase is not big enough _ _ _ (✓) is given perfect tense is used. ‘had been rectified’.
The adverb enough is always placed after the word which it 15. The correction is ‘When I entered the house I found that
modifies. the house was a shambles’. The sentence is in the
20. I have to often _ _ _ _ (x) passive voice. Hence, the verb should take the past
I often have to _ _ _ (✓) participle form of the verb.
The auxiliaries ‘have to’ and ‘used to’ prefer the adverb in 16. The correction is ‘The minister said that he was busy
front of them. and could not meet anyone that day’ because ‘told’ is a
Exercise – 11 transitive verb which requires an object after it. But in the
1. Measles have (x) given sentence, the object is missing. Hence the correction
The names of diseases take singular verbs. is ‘the minister said that he was busy….’.
Measles has (
)
17. The correct sentence is ‘You had better hurry if you don’t
2. ‘Arabian Nights’ are (x) want to be late to school’. ‘Had better’ does not take the
‘Arabian Nights’ is the title of a book hence a singular verb ‘to + verb’ form. Although ‘had’ appears to be in the past,
should be used. ‘had better’ expresses advice for the future. Hence, the
‘Arabian Nights’ is ……… (
) structure of the sentence should be.
3. Five miles are (x) Subject + had better + verb.
When a plural noun denotes some specific quantity taken Or
as a whole, it takes a singular verb. Subject + had better + not + verb. (for negative sentences)
Five miles is (
)
18. The future perfect continuous tense is used for actions
4. The cost of all essential commodities have ….. (x)
which will be in progress over a period of time that will end
Rule: The error of proximity. The verb must agree with the
in the future. Therefore the correction is ‘I will have been
actual subject of the sentence.
working in this organisation for eleven years …’
‘Cost’ is the subject in the sentence (singular)
Hence the verb it takes is also singular. 19. The past perfect tense is incorrect here because it does not
The cost of all essential commodities has. indicate a past-completed action preceding another action.
The correction is ‘The inmates were out of town… broke
5. The construction of these buildings have taken ….. (x) into the house’.
The subject of the sentence is “the construction”. It is
singular. Hence it takes a singular verb. 20. The sentence has no error. It means that the speaker is
The construction of the buildings has taken …….(
) sad that he does not have a vehicle.

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 Exercise – 12 4. Both of you as well as ……….. (x)
“Both” takes ‘and’; Hence the correct sentence is
1. Sugar sells in (x) Both you and your brother are at fault.
Sugar sells at (
)
5. I shall not come …. I am not invited (x)
2. Congratulate upon (x) “Unless” means – “If not”
Congratulate on (
) 'If' does not take another negative word.
I shall not come unless ….. I am invited (
)
3. time with (x)
time by (
) 6. Unless you have no objection, I shall see you
tomorrow (x)
4. travel with a bus (x) Unless you have any objection, I shall see you tomorrow
travel by bus (
) (
)
5. Among you and me (x) Rule: Same as in 5th sentence.
When two persons or things are referred to, we use 7. …… lest you should not fall (x)
between. “lest” means ”in order that ….. not” (otherwise)
Between you and me (
) “lest” always takes “should” with it.
6. among his two sons (x) ………lest you should fall.
between his two sons (
) 8. He works hard because …… (x)
7. suffering with (x) He works hard so that …… (
)
suffering from (
) 9. I am glad when …….. (x)
8. working since five years (x) I am glad that ………..(
)
Since indicates a point of time. 10. So (x)
For indicates a period of time. and (
)
Working for five years. (
)
11. ‘Both always goes with ‘and’ not ‘as well as’ ‘Both…and’ is
9. from morning (x)
a correlative conjunction. The correction is ‘…, and as a
since morning (
)
path …..’
10. above eight years (x)
12. The correction is ‘neither his siblings nor his friends helped
for eight years(
)
him during his difficult times’. Neither is always followed by
11. The correction is ‘In order to remain competitive, nor.
companies must register a significant increase in
13. The correction is ‘He is intelligent, but is lacking in
productivity’. The word ‘increase’ takes the preposition ‘in’.
diligence’, or ‘but lacks diligence’.
12. The correction is ‘Most of Leo Tolstoy’s works have been
translated into Hindi and other Indian languages’. We 14. The correction is ‘The captain did not want him in the team
translate ‘into’ other languages. because he is neither agile nor experienced’.
15. The correction is ‘The new chief minister must realize that
13. The verb disregard (ignore / neglect) is transitive and does
although most of his ideas are progressive none of them
not take any preposition. The correction is `…, …disregard
are practicable in the given circumstances’. ‘Although’ does
your…..’
not take ‘but’.
14. The correction is ‘He has been working in this office for a 16. The sentence has no error. When we offer a reason in the
long time’. 'When a period of time is mentioned, the negative, we can begin the sentence with the conjunction
preposition to be used is ‘for’. Hence the correction is ‘for a ‘because’’ but not otherwise.
long time’.
17. The correction is ‘No sooner had the train stopped than the
15. The correction is ‘The economy was hit hard by the passengers rushed towards it’. The expression ‘no sooner’
economic recession of the late 90s’. always takes ‘than’.
16. The correction is ‘You must refrain from telling lies'. 'Refrain 18. The correction is 'Scarcely had we arrived at the theatre,
from' means 'stop’. when the movie began’. Scarcely must always be followed
by ‘when’.
17. The correction is ‘Sheetal was very embarrassed when she The structure is
was laughed at by her friends’. ‘Laughed at’ means ‘to be Hardly + had + . . . + past participle form of the verb . . +
made fun of ’. when
18. The correction is ‘My children have great affection for their The second correction is ‘when someone knocked…’
because ‘hardly’ and ‘scarcely’ take ‘when’.
grand parents’.
19. The correction is 'The girl dressed in pink is my daughter' or 19. We should use only ‘contrary to’. Therefore, the correction
‘The girl in the pink dress…….’ involves removing ‘notwithstanding’, or using it in the place
of ‘contrary to’.
20. Between is used for two persons or things, among is used
for more than two persons. The correction is ‘the three 20. The correction is ‘Don’t exert yourself lest you should fall
siblings . . . among themselves’. sick again’ or ‘lest you fall sick again’.

Exercise – 13 Exercise – 14
1. …… raining as he left the house (x)
…… raining when he left the house (
) 1. Groups of islands should always be preceded by the
definite article. ‘The West Indies …….‘.
2. Your action was either just or fair (x)
Neither just nor fair (
) 2. The reference is to a specific kind of economics, hence
‘……… the economics of the situation’.
3. As I was ill, so I did not go to college (x)
‘So’ should not be used when the sentence begins with 3. The reference is to a particular university therefore it
‘As’. should. be preceded by the definite article ‘….. the
As I was ill, I did not go to college. University of California …….’.
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4. It is obvious from the sentence that John goes to church for 4. My brother-in-law along with his daughter was present
the purpose of praying. When a place is visited for its ………, When two subjects are connected with “as well as”,
primary purpose, it should not be preceded by the article. ‘with’, ‘in addition to’, the verb agrees with the first subject.
‘John goes to church …….‘. Choice (C)

5. The reference is to a group of mountains, hence the word 5. After you return ……… Choice (A)
Nilgiris should be preceded by the definite article.
6. ……… picked up a burnt paper …….. (‘burnt’ is the right
6. Although the word European starts with a vowel, it has a adjectival form. ‘Burned’ is past tense) Choice (B)
consonant sound, hence it should begin with the article ‘a’
and not ‘an’. 7. “Finishes her studies” (‘Is’ is not required). Choice (B)

7. The definite article ‘the’ should be used before superlatives. 8. “And who even joined” or ‘and even joined’.
Hence the sentence should read ‘Platinum is the most Choice (C)
precious . . . . metals’.
9. “He might need to open” Choice (D)
8. The definite article is used before names of things unique
of their kind. Hence ‘the sun . . . . ‘. 10. ……. If you have someone with all the ability but is not
dependable …… Choice (C)
9. The definite article ‘the’ should not be used before school,
11. “…….. holding grudges …… “. Choice (B)
college, university, church, hospital etc. when those places
are visited for their primary purpose. Hence the correction 12. “Without being cruel” Choice (B)
is ‘ . . . , John goes to church every Sunday’.
13. The use of the adjective ‘excellent’ is incorrect.
10. When a proper noun is used as a common noun, it should The sentence should read ‘Excellence cannot be
be preceded by the definite article. Hence the correction is achieved…….’ Choice (A)
‘Smita . . . the Lata Mangeshkar of the school’.
14. “to see the prey outsmarting the predator”. Choice (B)
11. The definite article is used before a singular noun when it is
meant to represent a whole class. 15. ‘One’ should be followed by one or one’s only and not by
‘his’ “……….. one should love one’s country ……….“
12. Although the word ‘hospitality’ is an uncountable noun, it Choice (C)
takes the definite article in this context because it is
qualified by an adjectival phrase. Therefore the correction 16. Hardly had I finished reading when …….. Correct
is ‘we cannot forget the hospitality with which they treated correlative conjunction. Choice (A)
us’.
17. ‘because’ and ‘as’ serve the same purpose. Therefore,
13. The definite article is used before the names of religious both these words need not be there. “……… because
texts and other famous books. I wanted to know why I ……” Choice (C)

14. The definite article is used before ordinals. Hence, ‘first’ 18. ………for four years…….. ‘for’ indicates duration. ‘Since’
should be preceded by ‘the’. indicates point of time. Choice (B)

15. The definite article should precede an adjective when the 19. ‘No sooner’ is followed by ‘than’ and not ‘when’.
noun is understood. Hence the correction is ‘it is the moral Choice (B)
responsibility of the rich. . . .’.
20. Do you object to my sitting……… (‘Me’ is objective case).
16. The definite article is not used before phrases consisting of Choice (A)
a preposition followed by its object. Therefore the sentence
should read ‘we set out on our journey at daybreak’. 21. Hardly …….. when. Correlative Conjunction.
Choice (C)
17. The reference is to one great cause which is a countable
expression, hence it should be preceded by the article ‘a’. 22. ……….drew only on one side………. The qualifier only is
placed just before the word it qualities …… only on one
18. The definite article is used before the names of a group of side …….. Choice (B)
Islands. Therefore, the correction is “The convention . . . in
Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. 23. ………… incentives have become. Choice (C)
19. ‘. . . a ten minute break . . . .’
24. I worked ……… (Simple past)
20. ‘. . . An eskimo’ is the correction in this sentence. Or
I have worked (Simple perfect) …… Both are correct.
PART – ΙΙ Choice (A)
Practice Exercise – 1
25. The man whom I have …….. (The reflexive pronoun ‘whom’
1. Information is a collective noun which means items of should be used). Choice (A)
knowledge. Collective nouns do not take a plural form.
Hence, information is incorrect. Choice (C) 26. ……… of the Quran was read…….. (All holy books and
rivers are preceded by ‘the’) Choice (B)
2. “…….he would be cured of……..” and “…….he will be
27. “Decided to weigh the butter” Choice (B)
cured of”. Both the forms are correct. Choice (B)
28. “In being a caring person” Choice (B)
3. ……… One of her strong points
Or 29. “On kindness, understanding and self sacrifice”
…….. one of her strongest points. Both the forms are Choice (B)
acceptable. ‘Stronger’ is used when we are comparing two
things. Choice (D) 30. “He resolved to be tender with the young”. Choice (A)
nd
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31. “After / before or in-between a major event”. 9. We are talking of one friend, hence the pronoun should be
Choice (D) singular in the second part of the sentence.
Choice (C)
32. “By saying nothing is right or wrong, your thinking makes it
so”. Choice (D) 10. ‘B’ ‘C’ and ‘D’ are not correct because ‘besides’ means ‘in
addition to’. Choice (A)
33. Success being an uncountable noun cannot be preceded
by the definite article. Hence D is erroneous. 11. Whatever money I have, I will spend that on costly dress.
Choice (D) This is conveyed by choice D only. Choice (D)
34. “but we have to take it” Choice (D) 12. ‘A few’ means some; few means ‘none’. Hence, B is the
answer. Choice (B)
35. “means to do”. Choice (C)
13. ‘Wanted’ is incorrect. Also, ‘today’ should be close to the
36. “……… better than any other poet …….” . Correct form of verb ‘repair’. Choice (B)
comparison, ‘than any other’. Choice (B)
14. The sentence is in the past continuous tense. While he was
37. ‘Ordered’ means ‘called for’, therefore, ‘ordered for’ is not sitting on the gate, a scorpion stung him. This means when
correct. No preposition is required after ‘ordered’. he was sitting on the gate then the scorpion stung him.
Choice (A) Choice (B)
38. “Is sometimes labelled ("labelled" need not be followed by 15. Binoculars is a noun used only in the plural sense.
‘as’) Choice (B) Choice (B)
39. In the aftermath of …….. speech was broadcast and 16. The gerund form should be maintained throughout the
televised ……… Choice (C) sentence. Choice (D)

40. Operate should be followed by in. Choice (D) 17. ‘You’ must be followed by ‘you’. ‘One’ must be followed by
‘one’. Therefore, Choice (A) is right and the other choices
41. The error is in part (C). When ‘except’ links two clauses, the are incorrect. Choice (A)
second clause usually begins with a bare infinitive.
The correct usage must be “anything except go out on their 18. ‘Between’ should be followed by the objective case ‘him’
own”. Choice (C) and not the subjective case ‘he’. Choice (D)
19. ‘Hardly’ indicates ‘cannot’. So, ‘the child cannot wait for its
42. The error is in part (B). All the rivers are preceded by ‘the’. birthday’ is being intended. Choice (C)
Choice (B)
20. ‘Lately’ means a recent change in behaviour, hence ‘A’ and
43. The error is in part (C). ‘For’ indicates duration whereas ‘B’ do not apply, ‘C’ is structurally incorrect.
‘since’ indicates point of time. Choice (D)
Choice (C)
21. Structurally only ‘C’ is correct. Choice (C)
44. The error is in part (A). ”Hardly had I finished writing when
my brother snatched the fountain pen from my hand;” is the 22. Before weather, the article ‘the’ should be used. ‘C’ is
correct usage. Choice (A) incorrect because ‘best’ is used in comparison among more
than two. Choice (D)
45. The error is in part (D). The correct usage should be ‘of its
disease burden’. Choice (D) 23. ‘A’ and ‘D’ are incorrect because before ‘most’ there should
be ‘the’. C is incorrect because in this sentence ‘the’ before
Practice Exercise – 2 ‘money’ is incorrect. Choice (B)

1. The future perfect tense ‘he will have left…..’ is appropriate 24. ‘Am wanting’, ‘have been wanting’ are incorrect sentences.
in this sentence. Choice (B) Choice (C)

25. The other options are grammatically incorrect.

2. In case of numbers we use ‘fewer’. ‘Less/Lesser’ are used Choice (A)
in the case of weight and ‘little/small’ in the case of size.
Choice (B) 26. It is taken as one entity, hence we use singular verb.
Choice (D)
3. The qualifiers must be at the right place. Obviously, we
mean that uncle Ram is above forty years and he praised 27. ‘Either’ cannot be followed by ‘or’ directly, and in ‘D’ it takes
his own niece. Option (A) is incorrect because it gives the a singular verb ‘leads’. Choice (D)
impression that the niece is over forty years.
Choice (D) 28. Both are human traits, thus they take the singular verb.
Choice (C)
4. We are talking of a definite activity in the past so the tense
should be simple past. Choice (A) 29. When two nouns are joined by ‘either ….. or’ the verb
agrees with the latter. Choice (B)
5. ‘Mistakes’ are in numbers, not quantity, hence ‘little does
not apply, and we cannot use the article ‘a’ before ‘very’. 30. When two nouns are joined by ‘and’, the verb that follows
Choice (C) would be of the plural form. Choice (D)

6. Structurally only ‘B’ is correct. Choice (B) 31. ‘None’ indicates ‘not even one’. The focus is on each
individual, therefore, ‘none’ will be followed by a singular
7. ‘B’ is incorrect because ‘the’ cannot come before ‘more’, in verb ‘has’. Choice (B)
‘C’ ‘most should be preceded by ‘the’, and ‘much’ is positive 32. ‘No sooner ……… than’, Correlative conjunctions.
degree. Choice (A) Choice (B)
8. The sentence takes a plural verb, hence the other options 33. When two nouns are joined by ‘neither …… nor’ the verb
are incorrect. Choice (A) agrees with the second noun in number. Choice (C)
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34. ‘Each’ will take the singular form of the verb. Therefore, 14. ‘Informed’ indicates past tense. Therefore, the usage of
‘each …… has’….. Choice (A) ‘has’ is incorrect. ‘Had sent’ is the right form.
Choice (C)
35. ……. cleverer than any other……… Choice (C)
15. ‘to’ infinitive should be used here. Hence, ‘hard to get work’
36. You benefit from something. Correct preposition. is the right expression. Choice (C)
Choice (A)
16. Here the simple present tense should be used. Option A,
37. ‘Each’ is followed by a singular verb. So, “each of the “…….. strongly desires …….” is the answer.
students was given a prize”. Choice (B) Choice (A)

38. We are talking of a state of activity, hence the usage of the 17. ‘would visit’ indicates an action in the future.
future ‘will’ is incorrect. Choice (D) Choice (A)

39. ‘A’ is not applicable because ‘out’ should be followed by 18. ‘So’ indicates comparison. Here no comparison is intended.
‘of’, ‘C’ is incorrect because ‘learn’ should be followed by ‘to The man spent a lot because he had a lot of money.
live’ and in D ‘being’ is incorrect. Choice (B) This idea is best conveyed by the clause ‘had a large
amount of money’. Choice (D)
40. In this sentence ‘consists’ should be followed only by ‘in’.
19. The verb ‘believed’ is in the past tense. Hence ‘is’ should
Choice (C)
also take the past tense form ‘was’. Choice (D)
41. The usage of ‘at’ ‘with what’ and ‘for what’ is inappropriate 20. quitting (it) seems to be ……. Here we should use the
in the given context. The correct usage should be ‘into what gerund form. Choice (C)
is in store’. Choice (B)
21. “I can scarcely remember”, “I can hardly remember”
42. ‘Might’, ‘have’ and ‘but’ are the correct words in the given indicate that the person finds it difficult or impossible to
context. Choice (A) recall. ‘Rarely’ has the tone of ‘occasionally’ which is not
intended. Choice (D)
43. ‘Needed’, ‘can need’ and ‘be understood’ are incorrect
usage in the given context. Only choice (D) is logical and is 22. Out of the choices (C) is the correct choice structurally.
the correct tense. Choice (D) Choice (C)
44. The usage of the tense with words ‘were walked’, ‘walk
along’ and ‘would walk’ is incorrect. 23. To denote a completed action we use the simple past.
Choice (D) Choice (B)
45. The tense ‘has been’ is the correct usage. As the action is 24. ‘as normal as possible’ is intended here. Choice (C)
in present perfect continuous tense, whereas in choice (A)
it is past perfect, and choice (D) future continuous. Auxiliary 25. It is an imaginary situation hence the structure is ‘… as
verb should take the singular form i.e. ‘has’, but in choice though I were….’ Choice (A)
(C) it is ‘have’. Choice (B)
26. day dreaming …… and ….. someone clinging …… ‘ing’
Practice Exercise – 3 form should be used throughout. Choice (D)

1. The simple present tense is apt. Choice (C) 27. The word ‘most’ in the given sentence indicates the
superlative degree. Hence, the correct form would be the
2. Centuries of servility has (already) made him tame. one shown in option D. Vithal is the most meticulous man
Choice (C) that I have ever met. Choice (D)

3. An act has been stated simply. No continuous tense is 28. The entire sentence talks of an incidence that took place in
intended. Choice (C) the past. Therefore, the correct form of the sentence would
be – Hardly had Vina scolded her daughter, when she
4. A habitual action should be in the simple present tense. started crying. Choice (B)
Choice (B)
29. The correct expression would be ‘…….. suggested that we
5. ‘cope’ is followed by ‘with’. Choice (A) should not talk about …….’ Choice (B)
6. Christmas is an event and not a person. Therefore, ‘that’ is 30. The past tense should be applied uniformly “……… he
the right choice and not ‘who’. Choice (C) hadn’t had …….”. Choice (A)
7. Past continuous tense ‘was just setting’ is appropriate. 31. The future tense is best represented by ‘will be’ and not ‘is’.
Choice (C) Hence, the correct sentence is Choice (B)
8. The past tense is suggested by ‘talked’. ‘Had’ is not 32. Scarcely ……….. when. Correlative conjunctions. Hence,
required. Choice (B) the right sentence would be Choice (C)
9. Here too, ‘became’ suggests past tense. ‘Had’ is not
33. Whenever we have ‘neither …..nor’ in a sentence the verb
required. Choice (D)
must agree with the number (singular/plural form) of the
10. ‘I always had’ …… past tense. ‘Have’ is not needed. second subject. Since ‘members’ is plural we must use
Choice (C) ‘have’ and not ‘has’. Choice (A)

11. Here too we don’t require ‘has’. ‘Handed over, apologized 34. ‘Tested’ should be followed by ‘could’ (past tense form).
and explained’ is intended. Choice (A) Hence, the sentence should read - The master tested the
new boy to see if he could read English. Choice (C)
12. ‘Many’ indicates number, quantity. So many memories is
35. ‘Has’ indicates present tense. ‘I shall wait …… here’
the correct usage. Choice (C)
indicates that we should have future tense throughout the
13. The correct past tense to be used is ‘ground’. Maintain the sentence. Therefore, the correct form of the sentence
past tense throughout. Heart broken and ignored, she should be I shall wait here until the bus arrives.
ground her way…. Choice (B) Choice (B)

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36. Options A is incorrect because the simple present tense is 15. (i) Why can’t you come to the meeting tomorrow?
inappropriate here. C can be eliminated because the past Choice (A)
tense of the verb doesn’t make sense. Only the present
continuous tense is apt here. Option D is structurally 16. (i) I lost my purse a few days back but fortunately she
incorrect. Choice (B) found it and gave it back to me.
(ii) I needed some advice, so I asked her.
37. In A the ‘……. more grievous consequences’ does not Choice (C)
make sense because there is no comparison made in this
sentence. In D the word consequences should be in the 17. (ii) When you go to London, where will you stay?
plural. In C the word grievous should be preceded by the Choice (B)
definite article. Only option B is grammatically correct.
Choice (B) 18. (ii) You can’t make me go with you. Choice (B)

38. In either …. or the verb agrees with the latter. It should be 19. (i) The man doesn’t want the woman to take up a job.
‘I am’. Choice (D) Choice (A)

39. The correct idiomatic expression is ‘cut out for’. 20. The past tense should be used. The first sentence should
Choice (B) be “He said that he would come, but he didn’t”.
Choice (A)
40. Parallelism requires that ‘“rather work” is followed by
‘than sit and watch’. Choice (D) 21. No error in both the sentences. Choice (D)

41. The correct usage should be ‘that has been developed’. 22. You are not going to the theatre, are you? Choice (B)
Choice (B)
23. They have been living here for the last one year.
42. The correct usage is “expansion is skewed towards states”. Choice (A)
Choice (A)
24. I can’t stand his complaining at the dining table everyday.
43. The correct usage should be “despite being”. Either the teacher or the principal will give his speech.
Choice (C) Choice (C)
44. The correct usage is “with its stunning”. Choice (D) 25. Only two-thirds of the work is complete. I believe that
character is preferable to wealth. Choice (C)
45. The correct usage is “low levels of”. Choice (B)
26. The only good thing about these apples is their colour and
Practice Exercise – 4 their size. It being a short vacation the students had to
return dissatisfied. Choice (C)
1. I did not know that he was able to swim like that.
Or 27. (i) Last year Rachel was twenty two, so
I did not know that he could swim like that Choice (A) she is twenty three now.
(ii) When I was a child, I was afraid of dogs.
2. Statement 1: ‘To take pay’ not ‘a pay’. Choice (C)
Statement 2: To respect both our parents is our duty.
Choice (C) 28. (i) She went to the cinema thrice last week.
(ii) He came into the room, took off his coat and sat down.
3. He is the strongest and the brightest boy in the whole Choice (C)
school. Choice (B)
29. Both the sentences are grammatically correct.
4. My friend will not only receive you at the station but also Choice (D)
have you as a guest in his house. Not only ….. but also
(Correlative conjunction) Choice (A) 30. No error in both the sentences. Choice (D)

5. He is both the Principal and the correspondent. 31. (ii) The manager of the company is leaving,
Choice (A) so there will be a new manager soon. Choice (B)

6. He will not repair the car unless you pay him in advance. 32. (i) There was an accident the day before yesterday.
Choice (B) Choice (A)

7. She has been waiting for you since 7 p.m. Choice (A) 33. (i) There have been many mishaps on this road.
(ii) It is three miles from our house to the city center.
8. Both the sentences are grammatically correct Choice (C)
Choice (B)
34. Both the sentences are grammatically correct.
Choice (D)
9. If it rains, I will not come to the function. Choice (A)
10. We were hungry after the journey, but I wasn’t tired. 35. The second person must come first.
Choice (A) Statement 1 should be “My friend and I like to play tennis
on grass court.”
11. (i) Was the weather good when you were on holiday? Statement 2 Each of the mistakes has to be corrected
(ii) Were the shoes expensive? Choice (C) before printing. Choice (C)

12. (i) ……. so, we often saw them. 36. He informed me before he posted the letter yesterday.
(ii) He works in a super market nowadays. Choice (A)
Choice (C)
37. Statement 1: It being a very hot day I remained …..
13. (i) At what time do you have to go to the dentist Statement 2: I hope you will excuse my leaving early today.
tomorrow? Choice (C)
(ii) We don’t have to wait very long for the 38. Statement II is erroneous. The word scoff should be
bus. Choice (C) followed by at. Choice (B)
14. (i) How often do you watch television? 39. (ii) The correction is we enjoyed ourselves in the party
(ii) What did you have for dinner? Choice (C) last night. Choice (B)
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40. It is a nice day today but it rained all day yesterday. preposition by and the expression ‘help sustaining’ is
‘Accidents occurred’ is the right expression. Choice (C) incorrect. The correction is “help sustain’. Only option A is
grammatically correct. Choice (A)
41. Statement Ι. The bill was passed on January 2nd.
Statement ΙΙ. It is possible that the bag may have been 9. The to + ing form (to gathering) is incorrect in statement a.
taken by mistake. Choice (C) The phrasal verb ‘set out meaning to leave a place and
begin a new journey is incorrect in statement b. ‘Set up’
42. No errors in both the sentences. Choice (D) meaning to build something is apt here. The phrasal verb
set upon meaning to attack somebody suddenly does not
43. Ι. The signature dish is not as delicious as it used to be make sense in statement d. Only c is grammatically correct.
at a nearby restaurant. Choice (A) Choice (C)
10. The expression ‘new breed’ should be preceded by the
44. ΙΙ If I shall see him on the way to office, I shall give him article a. Further need should be followed by for and not of.
your message. In a conditional clause, we normally It is incorrect to say that there is a need of something. In
use the present simple tense to refer to the future. statement c the to + ing form (to educating) is incorrect.
(Not ‘will’ or ‘shall’) Choice (B) Only statement b is correct. Choice (B)
45. No errors in both the sentences. Choice (D) 11. Statement b is structurally incorrect because it is correct to
say there is a need to do something and not for doing
Practice Exercise – 5 something. Statement c is erroneous due to the
inappropriate placement of the adverb effectively.
1. In statement a the expression ‘despite of’ is incorrect.
Statement d has a tense error. The simple present tense is
Statement c is incorrect because the words ‘science’ and
apt in this sentence.
‘modern society’ cannot be preceded by the definite article.
Further the expression ‘need to develop themselves at’ is
In d ‘in spite’ should be followed by of, statement b is
incorrect. Only statement a is the grammatically correct
grammatically correct. Choice (B)
sentence. Choice (A)
2. The relative pronoun ‘who’ does not agree with sea ports in 12. The expression ‘liberate itself‘ should be followed by from
statements a and b. The use of the preposition ‘in’ after key and not through. Hence statement a is incorrect. In
driver is incorrect in statement d. Something is said to be a statements c the pronoun ‘herself’ does not agree with the
key driver of something and not in. Statement b is subject India. In statement b the ing form of the verb
grammatically correct. Choice (B) ‘liberating‘ is incorrect. Option D is grammatically correct.
Choice (D)
3. Statements b and d are erroneous because despite cannot
be followed by of. In statement c the phrasal verb let out 13. The use of the definite article before ‘ rural India ’ makes
does not make sense here. The phrasal verb ‘let up’ statements b and c incorrect. Every technology does not
meaning, to become less strong is apt .Only statement a is take the definite article here, because the reference is to
grammatically correct. Choice (A) technology in general. In statement d the expression
‘urgent need of’ is incorrect. The correction is ‘urgent need
4. Statement a is incorrect because ‘half’ should be preceded for’. Statement a is grammatically consistent.
by the article a. ‘A decade and a half’ is the correct- Choice (A)
expression. Further, co-operation should be followed by in
and not for or against (as shown in statements a, b and c). 14. The verb ‘manifests’ does not agree with the plural word
In statement b the word ‘confronted’ cannot be followed by ‘signs in statement a. The use of the article a before ‘little’
with. Statement c is erroneous because the relative distorts the meaning intended in the sentence.
pronoun ‘who’ does not agree with the subject India. ‘Little realizing’ meaning not realizing or failing to realize is
Only option D is grammatically correct. Choice (D) the correct expression. Hence b and c are erroneous. Only
statement d is correct. Choice (D)
5. Statement a is erroneous due to the inappropriate
placement of the adverb ‘vigorously’. The correction is 15. The contrast intended in the sentence is not brought out in
‘…… vigorously seeks to …..’. statement a. The use of conjunction although (or though) is
Further the word ‘exacerbated’ should be followed by the apt here to bring out the contrast intended in the sentence.
preposition ‘by. In c “economic growth’ should not be In statement c the pronoun themselves does not agree with
preceded by the definite article, because the reference is to the singular word student. In statement d the verb offers
economic growth in general. Also the use of the definite does not agree with the plural noun B – schools. Statement
article before ‘physical science’ is incorrect. In statement d b is correct. Choice (B)
the expression ‘burgeoning world population’ should be
preceded by the article ‘a’. Statement b is grammatically 16. The use of the conjunction ‘while’ ,which is used to present
consistent. Choice (B) a contrast ; is incorrect in choice a because there is no
contrast presented in the sentence. Statement b is
6. Statement a is incorrect because of the expression structurally incorrect because the use of ‘therefore’ is
‘consequences ecologically’ does not make sense. redundant here. In statement d the expression ‘for securing
The correction is ecological consequences. In statement b ‘ is incorrect. The correction is ‘to secure’. Statement c is
the use of the adverb ‘recently’ does not make sense. grammatically correct. Choice (C)
The correction is ‘recent understanding’. Statement c is
incorrect because of the inappropriate placement of the 17. The use of the apostrophe in ‘Its’ makes statement b
adverb ‘only’. Statement d is correct. Choice (D) incorrect. It’s, meaning it is, does not make sense here.
The pronoun ‘its’ is apt here. Statement c is incorrect
7. In statements a and b the use of the verb + ing – because the words explanations and earth should be
advocating does not make sense. The correction is preceded by the definite article. In statement d the
‘environments strongly advocate …….’. preposition ‘across’ does not make sense. The earth
Further, in statement b the expression ‘…… by which human revolves around itself and not across. Choice (A)
societies….’ is incorrect. In this case, by should be replaced with
‘through’. Statement d is incorrect because of the preposition 18. The words ‘altruistic’ (unselfish) and ‘dynamic (active;
on. Only c is grammatically correct. Choice (C) energetic) being positive words do not gel in the given
context because the sentence talks about a negative
8. The word expense should not be followed by a preposition, aspect. In statement c ‘garner’ should be preceded by to
hence both b and c are erroneous. The use of the definite (in keeping with the preceding expression) ‘to serve’. Only
article before technology makes statement d incorrect. statement d is correct in terms of grammar and usage.
Further the word nourished should be followed by the Choice (D)
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19. Efforts are made for achieving something and not on be followed by ‘for’ and not on. Someone or something is
achieving something. Hence the expression ‘…on the commended for their role and not on their role. In statement
establishment’ is incorrect in statement b. ‘Only’ in Statement d the verb ‘require’ does not agree with the word ‘task’.
c is incorrect due to the absence of an article before the Only statement b is grammatically correct. Choice (B)
expression ‘nuclear weapons – free world’. Statement d has
the same errors mentioned in the preceding statement. 29. Statements a and b are incorrect due to the absence of
Only a is grammatically correct. Choice (A) ‘that’.
Further the positioning of the adverb ‘profoundly‘ is
20. In statement a and d the use of the preposition ’at’ after incorrect in statement a. The correction is ‘ ……can change
doubts is incorrect. Doubts are raised about someone’s profoundly. Statement d is structurally incorrect.
ability and not in. In statement b the reference is to a Choice (C)
particular area which is underdeveloped hence the definite
article is apt here. Therefore the correction is ‘…the largely 30. Statement a is structurally incorrect. Something should
underdeveloped area’. Statement d is erroneous because serve as an example to someone. Further the expression
the word ‘millions’ should be used in the singular. ‘in focussing‘ is incorrect. ‘To focus’ is the correct
Only statement c is grammatically correct. Choice (C) expression. Statement c is absurd because the expression
‘India’s decision not sending …..’ is incorrect. The
21. The sentence suggests that the country has been placed in correction is ‘India’s decision against sending …’. ‘Should
the elite group of eight nations because of the country’s be as an example’ is incorrect in statement d.
indigenous jet fighter Light combat Aircraft which udertook The correction is ‘should serve as an example’.
its first flight on January 4,2001. Hence the former is the Only statement b is grammatically correct. Choice (B)
result of the latter action. This is introduced using the
adverb ‘thereby’. Thereafter, meaning after the time or 31. Statement a is incorrect because the expression
event mentioned is inappropriate here. Hence statements b ‘both among and inside ‘ is incorrect. The correction ‘…..
and d are incorrect. Further, the word nations should be in among and within nations.’ Statement b is incorrect
the plural in statement b. In statement c the preposition ‘in’ because both should be followed by and. In statement c the
is incorrect. A journey is undertaken on a particular date preposition between is incorrect because the reference is to
and not in. Only statement a is grammatically correct, a rich – poor divide in many nations. Statement d is correct.
Choice (A) Choice (D)

22. In statement b ‘lake’ should be preceded by the article ‘a’. 32. ‘Accompanied’ should be followed by the preposition by
Statement c is incorrect because the use of the definite and not from. The word adapted (accustomed) does not
article before ‘holy place’ is incorrect. Since the reference is make sense in statement c. The word adopted is apt here.
to one of the holy places ‘ a holy place’ is the correct In statement d ‘so’ should be followed by that. Only
expression. Statement d is structurally incorrect. statement b is grammatically consistent. Choice (B)
Only statement a is grammatically correct. Choice (A)
33. The use of the preposition ‘among’ is incorrect in statement
23. In statement a , European Union should be preceded by
a. Since the comparison is between 2 groups.
the definite article because the reference is to a group of
The preposition between is apt here. In statement b the
nations. In statement b European Union, US and UK should
expression ‘ so as’ does not make sense. In statement c
be preceded by the definite article. In statement c the word
‘in roads’ should be followed by ‘into’ and not inside.
adapt (accustom) does not make sense adopt (embrace ;
Statement c is the correct statement. Choice (C)
follow) is the right word to be used here. Only statement d
is correct. Choice (D)
34. The word indulge, meaning to allow oneself to enjoy the
24. In statement a and b ‘so’ should be followed by that. pleasure of, does not make sense in this context when we
‘So…that’ meaning to such a great degree is the correct are talking about a strike. A strike is not undertaken for
expression to be used here. In statement b the use of the pleasure. Hence statement a is incorrect. In statement b
comparative adjective ‘more unique’ does not make sense the word deserve does not agree with the subject ‘strike’.
because a comparison is not intended in this sentence. Further in statement b the word resort should be followed
In statement c the present perfect tense ‘has gone’ is by to. One resorts to something and not in. In statement c
inappropriate. The reference here, is to an action which the use of the preposition ‘for’ after means is incorrect.
was completed before a certain time in the past, hence the It should be followed by of. Something serves as a means
past perfect tense ‘had gone’ is apt here. Only statement d of something and not for. Choice (D)
is grammatically correct. Choice (D)
35. In statement a and d the word divesting should be followed
25. In statement a and d for replacing’ is an incorrect by a reflexive pronoun. Hence the correction is ‘…divesting
expression. ‘To replace’ is the correct expression to be ourselves of ….’. Statement c is incorrect because the
used here. In statement c and d replace should be followed expression ‘but also’ should be preceded by ‘not only’.
by the preposition ‘with’ and not ‘by’. Only statement B is Only statement b is grammatically correct. Choice (B)
grammatically correct. Choice (B)
36. Statement b and d are incorrect because the use of the
26. The expression ‘understanding’ does not make sense in preposition from is incorrect here. Only ‘since’ is the
Statements b and d. ‘As we start to understand’ meaning appropriate preposition to be used here with the present
as we begin to understand is the correct expression to be perfect tense ‘has been’. Further, coupled should be
used here. In statements c and d the use of the definite followed by ‘with’ and not by (statement b and c).
article before ‘spiritual knowledge’ and ‘spiritual evolution’ is In statement c the verb ‘have’ does not agree with the
incorrect. Only statement a is apt, Choice (A) singular word hostility. Only statement a is grammatically
27. In statement b and c the positioning of the adverb ‘often’ is correct. Choice (A)
incorrect. The correction is ‘I often had the feeling…’.
Further, in option c the word stumbled should be followed 37. Statement a and b are incorrect because the word ‘deviced’
by into and not in. In statement d the word stumbled should does not make sense. The word devise is a verb and
be followed by into. The phrasal verb ‘stumbled over’ does device is a noun. In this sentence, the past tense, form of
not make sense here. Choice (D) the verb ‘devise’ is apt. Further, in statements a and d the
pronoun ‘which’ should replace it. In statement b the use of
28. Statement a is incorrect due to the inappropriate position of the preposition ‘of’ after instead does not make sense.
the adverb ‘genuinely. The correction is ‘…..genuinely Statement c is grammatically correct.
committed’. In statement c the word commended should, Choice (C)
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38. Statement b is incorrect because its should not have an with the preposition, 'on'. It collocates with the preposition,
apostrophe it’s meaning it is inappropriate. The pronoun 'for'. So a and d are incorrect.
‘its’ is apt here. Further the word congress should be The construction of the sentence is such that the
followed by the apostrophe indicating the possessive case. preposition, 'it', at the end of the sentence is redundant.
Statement c is structurally incorrect. The expression ‘…..but Since the preposition, 'it', appears at the end of sentences
it is one reason for its power…’. The correction is ‘…but a and b, a and b are incorrect. Choice (C)
one reason for its losing power…’. In statement d the
phrasal verb ‘breaking down’ does not make sense. 44. Sentence a is grammatically correct. Sentences b, c and d
The phrasal verb ‘breaking away’ meaning to move away have mistakes in them.
from a crowd or group is apt here. Only statement a is The sentence mentions four past events, namely, the event
grammatically correct. Choice (A) of a team of scientists converting human skin cells into
stem cells, the astonishment of scientists around the world
39. The expression ‘view into’ is incorrect in statement b and d. at an announcement, the announcement and the
Here, view should be followed by ‘of’ and not into. One has successful conversion of blood cells to stem cells that was
a view of something and not into. In statement c the verb announced. Of these, the 1st mentioned event is the latest
‘provide’ does not agree with the subject view. and the others took place before it. So, as per the rules
The correction is ‘…….long term view of the past that governing the use of the past perfect tense, all the events
provides….’. In statement d would should replace will as except the first-mentioned event have to be spoken of in
the reference is to a probable condition. Statement a is the past perfect tense and the first-mentioned event has to
grammatically correct. Choice (A) be spoken of in the simple present tense. This has been
done only in option A. Choice (A)
40. In statement b the use of the auxiliary verb ‘is’ is incorrect
because the reference is to many aspects like indiscipline, 45. Sentence d is grammatically correct. Sentences a, b and c
inefficiency etc. In statement, c ‘has resulted’ is an incorrect have mistakes in them.
expression. The correction is ‘have resulted’. In statement d
inherent should be followed by to and not in. The sentence mentions just one past event, so the use of
Only statement a is grammatically correct. Choice (A) the past perfect tense is not warranted in the sentence.
Since a and b speak of the past event in the past perfect
41. Sentence d is grammatically correct. Sentences a, b and c tense, they are incorrect.
have mistakes in them. The noun, 'workers', takes the possessive pronoun, 'whose'
The noun, 'business', is in the singular form. It will take the and not 'which'. In b and c, the pronoun, 'which' has been
verb, 'has', as, by the rules of subject-verb agreement, the used to refer to the noun, 'workers', so b and c are
verb associated with a singular noun will also have to be in incorrect.
the singular form. In a and c, 'business' takes the verb, The noun, 'efforts', is in the plural form and so, will collocate
'have', so a and c are incorrect. only with a verb in the plural form. In b and c, 'efforts' is
The staff referred to in the sentence are the staff employed associated with the singular verb, 'powers', so b and c are
by the banks mentioned in the sentence. Since the noun, incorrect. Choice (D)
'banks', is in the plural form, it can only be represented by a
plural pronoun. In a and b, the noun, 'banks', has been Practice Exercise – 6
represented by the singular possessive pronoun, 'its', so a
and b are incorrect. 1. ‘Finances’ (plural) refers to the money available to a
The fact that bank managements have not recognized the person, an organization or a country. This is the meaning
increase in the staff's work load and working hours does intended in a. Similarly b must have ‘assets’ as it refers to
not have to be spoken of in the continuous tense. So a and the property a person owns. Choice (A)
c are incorrect.
The words, 'work load' and 'working hours' take the same 2. Sentence a has ‘its’ (possessive) in place of ‘it’s’ (it is). In
verb and the verb has to be in the plural form, since it is sentence c the verb should be ‘say’ not ‘says’ since the
associated with two nouns. In b and c, 'work load' and subject is ‘researchers’, which is in the plural number.
'working hours' take the verb, 'has', so b and c are Choice (C)
incorrect. Choice (D)
3. Sentence b must have … people looking at it …’.
42. Sentence b is grammatically correct. Sentences a, c and d Similarly in sentence c it should be ‘a place like Easter
have mistakes in them. Island’. Choice (B)
The construction of the sentence is such that it does not
4. Sentence d must have ‘to do’, …. He was supposed ‘to do’
warrant the use of the past perfect tense, so a and c are
….. (be supposed to do something means be required or
incorrect.
expected to do something). As the given sentence is
The words, ‘as well as’, in c and d, make the sentences incomplete. Choice (A)
grammatically incorrect – the words cannot be placed
before a pronoun, but in c and d, they have been placed 5. In sentence b the conjunction should be ‘but’ not ‘and’ since
before the pronoun, ‘they’. Choice (B) two contrasting things are connected. In sentence d
‘everyones’ must have an apostrophe since it means the
43. Sentence c is grammatically correct. Sentences a, b and d minds of everyone. Choice (B)
have mistakes in them.
'Besides', means' 'in addition to'. 'Beside' means 'by the 6. Sentence a must have cells (plural) since we are talking of
side of'. The context requires a word that means, 'in 100 billion. In sentence d it should be ‘involved in’ not
addition to', so b and d, which mention 'beside' instead of ‘involved with’. (‘involved in‘ means make someone take
'besides', are incorrect. point in something whereas ‘involved with’ means to have a
The word, 'population' is a common noun in the singular close personal relationship with someone). Choice (B)
form, so it takes the nominative pronoun, 'it' and the
possessive pronoun, 'its', and collocates with a singular 7. Sentence a should read ‘at the earliest stage‘ – ‘at’ rather
verb. In a and b, 'population', takes the nominative than ‘in’ is preferred in referring to time. In sentence b the
pronoun, 'who' and the plural verb, 'are', so a and b are stem cells develop ‘into’ (not for) the different blood cells. In
incorrect. Also, in b and d, 'population' takes the possessive c, they are released ‘into’ (not on) the bloodstream. Finally,
pronoun, 'their', so b and d are incorrect. in d the stem cells can be collected ‘from’ (not ‘for’) the
The verb, 'eager', in the given context, does not collocate bone marrow. Choice (C)

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8. Sentence a says flowers have always played a part. Hence 24. Sentence a must have ‘environmental’ (adjective) not
the reference can’t be to one religious ceremony so, it must ‘environment’ (noun) since it modifies ‘cost’.
be ceremonies (plural). In sentence b, their perfumes have Choice (A)
a distinct ‘effect’ (a change which is a result of an action),
not ‘affect’ (have an effect on) Choice (B) 25. You ‘discuss something’ not ‘discuss about something’.
In sentence d it should be ‘blurted out’ meaning to say
9. In sentence b it should be ‘open to’ not ‘for’. In sentence d it something suddenly without thinking. Choice (C)
should be ‘it was for the………..’ Choice (A)
26. Sentence c should begin ‘on account of ….’ (meaning
10. The present tense (makes) in b makes it a generalized because of) not ‘on an account of …’ In sentence d it
statement but what follows in ‘since then …..’ makes it should be ‘… the largest of migratory birds,’ meaning large
specific. So the tense in b should be past (made). in number. As given it suggests large in size.
Choice (B) Choice (D)
11. In sentence b it should be ‘reserve of’ not ‘in’, In sentence d 27. Sentence b must have ‘a consistent stream of cash’.
it will rise over the coming years. Choice (B) Sentence c must read ‘to have’ not ‘having’ since the latter
implies that the newspaper already has what is stated.
12. c and d are grammatically incorrect. The error in both the
Choice (A)
sentences is in the tense. The whole paragraph is in the past
tense. Hence, it cannot take present tense. Choice (D) 28. You can’t ‘help’ polio vaccine but you can ‘help with’ polio
vaccines. Hence sentence A should read ‘I helped with the
13. a, b and c are incorrect sentences. It is erroneous to say …..’ Sentence d must also have the modal auxiliary ‘would’
“arrested on for…..” The correction is “arrested for…..”. In b − ‘Then I’d check ….’ Since the previous two sentences
the correction is ‘sentences to ….’ “not sentences for”. In c“ narrate in that manner. Choice (D)
has been” is incorrect. It should take the past tense i.e.,
“had been” because the sentence refers to two actions, 29. Sentence c should read to find the balance. In sentence d
when the first action is in the past the second action should parallelism requires that ‘by’ is repeated not by sermons but
be in past perfect. Choice (C) by working….. Choice (C)

14. The error in b is ‘in warm and loving family’. It should be ’in 30. Sentence b should read ‘At the core of this `20-crore
a warm and loving family’. The correction in ‘c’ is ‘town’s project ……’ It is essential to have ‘this’ or ‘the’ here
general store’. Choice (B) because the reference is to a specific project. Sentence d
must have ‘across’ not ‘through’. Choice (D)
15. b and c are grammatically incorrect. The correction in b is
‘educated in New Zealand’. The correction in c is ‘he made 31. Sentence a should have ‘boasts of’ or only ‘boasts’ not
a name….’. Choice (B) ‘boasts about’. Sentence c should have the phrasal verb
‘account for’ (to be the explanation or cause of something).
16. b and d are incorrect. The correction in b is ‘made a Choice (B)
remarkable statement’. The correction in d is “decided to
prove”. Choice (D) 32. Since sentence a is in the past tense, sentence b which
talks of something that happened earlier, should be in the
17. b and c are grammatically incorrect statements. The past perfect tense − ‘… had been discovered ….’ not ‘were
correction in b is ‘as a machine operator’. In c the error is in discovered’. Choice (A)
the phrasal verb: not ‘laid of’ but ‘laid off’. Choice (A)
33. In sentence b ‘a healthy threat’ is wrong; it is ‘a health
18. c and d are grammatically incorrect. In c ‘creates’ is threat’ (a threat to health). Sentence c should end … ‘it may
incorrect because the subject is plural, hence should take be an addictive’ but not ‘it may addict.’ Choice (C)
‘create’. In d the correction is ‘leads to new knowledge’.
The indefinite article ‘a’ is not required. Choice (B) 34. Sentence a must read ‘nearly fell’ not ‘fell nearly’ because
the adverb ‘nearly’ qualifies ‘fell’. Sentence b must be ….
19. The first sentence makes a statement that is in the nature soaked up to my thigh − ‘up to’ means ‘as far as’ here.
of a generalized truth. So it has to be followed by the Choice (D)
present tense. The past in b makes it specific. It has to be
‘has’ not ‘had’. Similarly c has an “if clause” and so must be 35. Sentence b must have … gazed down at the ….
followed by ‘should’ or ‘would’ in d, but not by ‘are’. Sentence d should read ‘plant and animal life’ not plants.
Hence b and d are incorrect. Choice (D) Choice (A)
20. Sentence b must have ‘ruins’, since it refers to the remains
36. Sentence b must have ‘as exciting as’ not ‘so exciting as’.
of destruction and damage. In sentence c the word should
Sentence c must have the adjective ‘monosyllabic’ not the
be ‘symbol’ (a thing that represents or stands for something
noun ‘monosyllable’ since it qualifies response. Sentence d
else) not ‘cymbal’ (a musical instrument). Choice (D)
should be ‘out of the question’ (idiom meaning impossible)
21. Sentence b should read ‘blessed with’ but not ‘by’ −, not ‘off question’. Choice (C)
‘blessed with something’ is an idiom which means ‘to have
something good’. Sentence d must have ‘flower’ (singular 37. Sentence a must read …. no other drug enforcement
not plural) since the verb is singular and the reference is to agents … In the absence of ‘other’ it includes themselves.
a single flower. Choice (B) Sentence c must have ‘into’ not ‘in’. because the intended
idea is to bring him into the open (means not hidden).
22. Sentence b should end … fondly imagine him to be. Sentence d should be … more than a match. (meaning to a
Sentence d should not have ‘from’ − suffer fools gladly. greater degree). Choice (C)
The idiom ‘not suffer fools gladly’ means ‘to have very little
patience with people that you think are stupid.’ 38. In sentence a it should be ‘reputation for’ not ‘of’.
Choice (C) In sentence b it should be ‘hit the headlines’ − an idiom
which means ‘to be an important item of news in the
23. Sentence b must have ‘a British soldier’ since we are newspaper’. Choice (B)
referring to one person. Sentence c must have the definite
article before the superlative − the finest. In sentence d the 39. Sentence a must have the plural ‘creations’ − ‘one of’ is
intended word is ‘site’ (noun meaning an area of ground) always followed by the plural noun. In sentence b it should
not ‘cite’ (verb meaning quote as evidence). Choice (D) be ‘a group of crystals’. Choice (D)
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40. Sentence a must have ‘use of’ not ‘use for’. If we lose the 53. a and d are grammatically incorrect. The correction in a is
‘use for’ something then it is no longer useful to us. (I have ‘the young’. The words ‘on a risk’ are incorrect in d.
no use for school books now) but when we lose the ‘use of’ The correction is ‘at risk’. Choice (D)
something we are no longer able to use it (I have no use of
my right hand often the stroke). Sentence c must be – 54. In b the words ‘through the world’ make the sentence
‘He is also a music teacher …….’, linking it to his being an incorrect. The correction is ‘throughout the world’ or ‘across
expert harmonium player. As given it implies that he is a the world’. ‘Damages’ is not the appropriate word in c,
music teacher at the municipal school in addition to being a ‘damages’ means ‘the compensation to be paid’.
music teacher somewhere else. This is neither stated nor The correction here is ‘skin damage’. The correction in d is
implied. Choice (A) ‘the sale’. Choice (B)

41. In the context of what follows (predictions about the future) 55. a, b and d are grammatically incorrect. The correction in a
sentence a must have the simple present (promises) not is ‘for health education’ not ‘a health education’. In b the
the past (promised). In sentence c it must be the plural words ‘are demanded’ do not make sense. The correction
‘industries’ not the singular ‘industry’ since a number of is are ‘in demand’. In d ‘propagate’ is not the right word
industries are referred to. Choice (B) ‘increase awareness’ is correct. Choice (C)

56. Statement ‘c’ is wrong because ‘admired’ is not the

42. Sentence a must be either ‘in myriad ways’ or ‘in a myriad
appropriate word, as it is not consistent with the tense in
of ways’. Sentence d must have ‘their’ (plural) not ‘its’
the sentence. The correction is ‘admire’. Statement d is
(singular) since the reference is to ‘others’.
erroneous because ‘programmes in these channels’ is
Choice (D)
incorrect. It is ‘programmes on’. Choice (B)
43. Statements b, c and d are incorrect. In statement b the 57. b is erroneous because it should be ‘a powerful panacea’. d is
reference is to ‘a system of railways’ hence ‘Indian railways’ also incorrect because of the usage of the preposition ‘to’,
is the correction. In statement ‘c’ the pronoun ‘they’ is incorrect. the correction is ‘possibility of curing Choice (C)
The correction is ‘It’(followed by its in d) because the reference
is to ‘ the railways’. The correction in d is ‘superiority over’ 58. Sentence a must have ‘seen as’ − the phrase means ‘to
but not ‘on’. Hence choice is (d). Choice (D) imagine somebody or something as something’. In sentence c
the right conjunction is ‘but’ not ‘and’ since ‘brilliant’ and
44. Sentence a must have the superlative (biggest) not the ‘obscure’ are quite contradictory.
comparative (bigger). Sentence d has a comparative ‘more Choice (B)
aggressive’, so the question arises ‘than what’? So the
sentence must read ‘more aggressive than before’ or 59. In sentence c the punctuation is wrong − the question mark
‘becoming more aggressive’. Choice (C) should be inside the quotation mark. Choice (B)

60. Sentence c must read ‘workspaces are increasingly being

45. Only statement ‘d’ is grammatically incorrect.
designed …….’ The adverb must be placed between the
The correction is ‘an almost seven- hour’.
principal verb and the auxiliary or between two auxiliaries.
Choice (B)
In sentence d, however, the adverb ‘internationally’ must be
at the beginning of the sentence since it qualifies ‘design’
46. Statements b and c are grammatically incorrect.
but not ‘taken’. Choice (C)
The correction in b is ‘not about force’. In c it is erroneous
to say “hard work”; the correction is ‘hard workouts’ which
61. a and b and d are incorrect. In a it should be ‘a knock'. In b,
means physical work. Choice (C)
it is erroneous to say ‘just about’. The correction is ‘about five
years……’. In d it is erroneous to say ‘garage’s door’. Inanimate
47. b and c are incorrect. The correction in b is “myths about
things do not take apostrophe and s. Choice (C)
……’. The correction in c is ‘may not be….’. The past tense
form is not admissible because the remaining statements
62. The correction in a is ‘too weak to go for sight-seeing.’
are in present tense. Choice (B)
One cannot be too weak for something but can be too weak
to do something i.e. ‘too’ goes with ‘to’ but not 'for'.
48. b and d are grammatically incorrect. The correction in b is
The correction in c is ‘had known’. The correction in d is
‘Never did she…..’. It does not take the present tense
‘even watched her children….’ We watch children grow up
because the remaining statements are in the past tense.
but not ‘see’. Choice (C)
The correction in d is ‘go on till….’ which means continue till
lunch time. Choice (B)
63. a, b and c are grammatically incorrect. The word
‘advancing’ in a makes no sense. The correction is ‘recent
49. The correction in b is ‘laboriousness of the task’, not advance in orchid cultivation’. In b the error is in the tense.
“laboriousness in the task”. The correction in c is ‘ought to’. The word ‘ago’ is used hence it should take the simple past
‘Ought’ takes ‘to’. Statement d is structurally incorrect. tense. The correction is ‘scientists started……’ In ‘c’ the
The correction is “led the team that developed the correction is ‘from an orchid shoot’. Choice (B)
VDB technology”. Choice (D)
64. c and d are grammatically incorrect. In c the word
50. The correction in a is ’attacked by……’. The correction in b ‘manipulating’ is incorrect. The appropriate word is
is ‘spun her around….’. The word ‘about’ is not appropriate. ‘handling’. We handle emotions not manipulate. In d the
In d the error is in the tense; not ‘wakes up’ but ‘woke up’. correction is ‘scientists call this …..’. Choice (B)
Choice (D)
65. a, b and c are grammatically incorrect. In a the correction is
51. b and c are grammatically incorrect. The correction in b is ‘a global player’. In b the correction is ‘at the root’. In c the
‘boarded the…..’ not ‘boarded on’. The correction in c is ‘a correction is ‘edge over’ not ‘edge on’. Choice (D)
good reason’. Choice (B)
66. Statement (a) is incorrect as ‘little’ meaning ‘hardly any
52. b, c and d are grammatically incorrect. The correction in record’ is implied and shouldn’t be preceded by ‘a’, the
b is ‘borrowed’ not ‘had borrowed’ because of the usage of indefinite article which gives the statement the meaning of
past time adverbial ‘last year’. In c, the correction is ‘in a good quantity of record. In statement (d) the present
change …..’. The words ‘as change’ make no sense. In ‘d’ perfect tense ‘have brought’ is wrong as a past occurrence
the correction is ‘lent it to him’. ‘it’ refers to the dollar. is narrated. So the simple past tense denoted by brought’ is
Choice (C) apt. So statements (a) and (d) are incorrect. Choice (D)

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67. In (b) the words ‘the whole under- world’ implies that a lot of Sentence d is incorrect because it seems to compare
vulgar writing was ignored. So ‘compositions’ in the plural is Senegal (a country) with the accomplishment of Peru. For it
apt. In (d) the sentence cannot take the ‘to + verb’ to be grammatically correct and make perfect sense, it
constriction. It must be ‘of becoming’. Choice (B) should be rewritten thus : 'AfroEats also aims to make
Senegal a culinary travel destination, similar to Peru.'
68. In (a) the expression ‘seldom or ever’ is used in place of Choice (D)
‘seldom or never’. In (b) the verb must be used in the
continuous tense denoted by ‘running’ as ‘along railway 77. Sentences a, b and d have mistakes in them. Sentence c is
tracks’ is mentioned. One out of many ‘sights’ is spoken of grammatically correct.
so ‘sights’ is apt. So statements (a), (b) and (c) are In sentence a, the words, '...one of the most...', tells us that
incorrect. Choice (A) the succession being spoken of is one of many such
successions. So, for sentence a to be grammatically
69. In (a), ‘India’ is called a ‘phenomenon’ and it is singular so correct, 'succession' should be replaced by 'successions'.
‘phenomena’ in the plural is incorrect. In (d) the conjunction Sentence b mentions two past events, namely, the
‘so’ should be replaced by ‘thus’. Statements (a) and (b) directors' consideration of a long roster of candidates, and
are incorrect. Choice (C) their selection of Nadella. Since the former event took place
after the latter event, the former event must be spoken of in
70. In (a) ‘parents’ and ‘spouses’ are two different nouns not
the past perfect tense and the latter event must be spoken
one noun. This difference can only be brought out by using
of in the simple past tense. So, for sentence b to be
‘our’ before ‘sponsors’ too. In (d) ‘our’ before ‘cautionary
grammatically correct, 'considered' should be changed to
angels’ is incorrect in keeping with the nouns describing
'had considered' and 'had picked' should be changed to
brothers and sisters. So statements (a) and (d) are
'picked'.
incorrect. Choice (C)
In sentence d, the context is such that the noun, 'map',
71. In statement (a), the indefinite article ‘a’ must precede collocates with the preposition, 'of', rather than 'for'. So, for
‘much rarer’. In (b) the tense to be used is the present sentence d to be grammatically correct, 'for' should be
perfect continuous tense as the action started in the past, replaced by 'of'. Choice (B)
and is still continuing. So ‘has been fuelling’ is apt. In (c)
the relative pronoun ‘which’ need not be used. 78. Sentences a, b and c have mistakes in them. Sentence d is
So statements (a), (b) and (c) are incorrect. Choice (D) grammatically correct.
The Rain Forest Alliance Certification is a particular kind of
72. In statement (b) ‘us’ is incorrect as a single person ‘I’ is
certification and the Sustainable Agriculture Network, a
narrating his experience. So ‘the other side of me is apt’.
particular kind of next work. So, when they are mentioned
The entire passage is about what happened the previous
in sentences, they must be preceded by the article, 'the'.
night and hence in the past tense. In statement (d)
For sentence a to be grammatically correct, the word, 'the',
therefore, ‘realised’ is apt. So statements (b) and (d) are
must precede the words, Rain Forest Alliance Certification,
incorrect. Choice (B)
and the words, Sustainable Agriculture Network.
73. In (a), one past action precedes another so ‘had seen’ is In sentence b, the subject associated with the verb, 'has',
apt for the earlier of two past actions. In (c) the verb ‘forgot’ mentioned twice in the sentence, is the plural noun
should precede ‘neither’ as in English sentence ,'standards'. Since a plural noun can collocate only with a
constructions, the verb comes immediately after the plural verb, for sentence b to be grammatically correct, the
subject. Also the compunction ‘neither …… nor’ is used singular verb, 'has', should be replaced by the plural verb,
before the ideas compared or contrasted. In (d), the 'have'.
expression ‘by degrees’ means little by ‘little or slowly’ and
‘the’ cannot precede ‘degrees’. So statements (a), (c) and In the phrase, '...besides the fair treatment and good
(d) are incorrect. Choice (D) working conditions for plantation workers', the nouns,
'treatment' and 'conditions' both take the definite article,
74. In (b) the conjunction ‘either ….. ‘ or is apt thus ‘the state’s 'the' and the preposition, 'for'. In the given context, 'good
water is either already used up or is …..’ is correct. In (d), working conditions' have been spoken of in general, so the
the positioning of the adverb, ‘then’ is incorrect. It must be noun, 'conditions', does not take the article, 'the'. Also, the
placed before ‘still’ and after the verb is so statements (b) noun, 'treatment', in the given context, takes the
and (d) are incorrect. Choice (C) preposition, 'of', and not 'for'. So, for sentence c to be
grammatically correct, it should be rewritten thus : 'The
75. Statement (b) is incorrect as the plural pronoun ‘these’ is parameters include ecosystem conservation and wildlife
used in place of a singular subject the biggest boost’. In protection, besides the fair treatment of and good working
statement (d) the use of the verb ‘prevent’ necessitates the conditions for plantation workers.' Choice (C)
use of the preposition ‘from’ and the-‘ing structure’ to.
Thus ‘from being pushed into…. ’ is apt. statements (b) and 79. Sentences b and c have mistakes in them. Sentences a
(d) are incorrect. Choice (C) and d are grammatically correct.

76. All the given sentences are grammatically incorrect. The verb, 'underlined', in sentence b, collocates with the
In the sentence a, 'they will sample...from Senegalese preposition, 'by', and not 'through', in the given context.
chefs', the verb forms, 'will sample' and 'will visit' are in the Therefore, 'through' should be replaced by 'by' in
simple future tense, but the verb form, 'will be learning' is in sentence b.
the future continuous tense. This is against the rule of In sentence c, the noun, 'impact', being in the singular form,
parallelism. For the sentence to be grammatically correct, will collocate only with a singular verb. So, for sentence c to
'will be learning' should be changed to 'will learn'. be grammatically correct, the verb, 'have', placed after the
word, 'commerce', should be changed to 'has'.
Sentence b tells us what Thiam hopes will happen in the Choice (D)
future, so for the sentence to be grammatically correct, the
verbs, 'serves' and 'states' (both simple present), will have 80. Sentences b and d have mistakes in them. Sentences a
to be replaced by 'will serve' and state (both simple future). and c are grammatically correct.
A table being a flat surface supported by legs, things Two adjectives in the comparative degree cannot be placed
cannot be placed 'in' it. So, for sentence c to make perfect one after another. For sentence b to be grammatically
sense, the preposition, 'in', should be replaced by the correct, the word, 'more', must be removed from the
preposition, 'on'. sentence.

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 In sentence d, it is not clear as to what the words, 'it' and ‘This is the spot where, according to Jewish tradition, the
'other' refer to. So that there is no ambiguity, the sentence world was first created,’ Statements c, d and e are right.
must be rewritten thus : 'To the human eye, Venus appears Choice (A)
to have a 'radiant crown', which makes it look 8 to 10 times
bigger than Jupiter, even though the latter appears 4 times 11. In c the correction should be ‘were quite pleasant to look
larger than the former when seen from Earth through a at’. In d the gentleman ‘thrust himself into a braided coat’.
telescope.' Choice (A) So statements a, b and e are right. Choice (C)
12. Statement a talks about a presently continuing action, so
Practice Exercise – 7 the present continuous tense ‘are continuing’ is apt, not the
past continuous tense. In b, two past actions are spoken of,
1. In statement b ‘to these’ is plural and so incorrect as the
the first being Japan’s relying on nuclear energy so the past
subject is the singular ‘education’. In c ‘both’ is mentioned
perfect tense denoted by ‘had relied’ is apt. In d the present
so ‘opiate’ and ‘poison’ are two distinct entities to be
perfect tense denoted by ‘have spent’ is apt for an action
preceded by ‘an’ and ‘a’ respectively. In d ‘that which is not’
that began in the past and spans right upto the present
is apt. So statements a and e are correct. Choice (D)
time. So statements c and e are correct. Choice (B)
2. In a ‘there are times’ is an apt way of rewording the phrase. 13. In b many ‘crises’ of Pakistan are indicated so a singular
In b the positioning of the adverb ‘enough’ is incorrect. ‘crisis’ is incorrect. In c only ‘Baluchistan’ is spoken of so
It has to be placed after ‘bad’. In e ‘it’ is in the singular is ‘they are -------‘ should change to ‘it is ---------war zone’. In e
used for a plural ‘winter evenings’. ‘They are’ is apt. the last part of the sentence must have a ‘to infinitive
So statements c and d are correct. Choice (A) construction’ and ‘to slip in and out of Afghanistan’ is apt.
Therefore statements a and d are correct. Choice (A)
3. In c the pair prepositions ‘from -------- to’ should occur
together. ‘And’ is incorrect with from. In d ‘raise’ which 14. In a, the expression, ‘in comparison to’ is incorrect. It should be
means ‘increase’ and not ‘rise’ which means ‘come up’ is either ‘in comparison with’ or ‘compared to’. In e the phrasal
apt. So statements a, b and e are right. verb ‘borne out’ is apt and it means to prove or to endorse.
Choice (A) So statements b, c and d are correct. Choice (A)
15. In a only one person is specified and two aspects to her
4. In c the comparative form of the adverb ‘severe’, i.e., ‘more personality are that she is a professor and also an expert
severe’ is to be used as a comparison is made. ‘Much’ is on financial matters. Only one person is specified so the
incorrect. In e the phrase preposition ‘In account to’ is structure should be in the singular and read as ‘an unlikely
incorrect and must be either ‘In account of ‘or ‘on account candidate for a populist hero. In e, ‘testimonies’ should be
of’ which means ‘because of’. So statements a, b and d in the plural as two houses of parliament are mentioned.
are right. Choice (C) So statements b, c and d are correct. Choice (C)
5. In d the tense to be used in conditional sentences (‘if’) that 16. In a when ‘with’ joins two nouns, the verb has to go along
mention a future tense frame action, has to be the simple with the first- mentioned noun. ‘Regiment’ is in the singular
future tense ‘will / would devastate’. The construction of the so the verb must be ‘was’ and not ‘were’. In c the verb
Mekong River dam has stopped and because of this eight following ‘goods and chattels’ must be in the plural
other projects which ‘could have been given the go ahead’ ‘were with the regimental baggage’. In d the noun form
has also stopped. The future perfect tense in the passive ‘assiduousness’ is apt. The adverbial form is incorrect.
voice is apt in e, not ‘could also have given’. So statements b and e are correct. Choice (D)
Thus statements a, b and c are grammatically correct.
Choice (B) 17. Timor-Leste is an oil-rich country in South East Asia. In b
the infrastructural development of ‘Timor Leste’s human
6. In b ‘his own conscience’ points to the fact that a reflexive needs is stated so ‘their social infrastructure’ is wrong and
pronoun ‘excused himself’ is apt. In c, husbands all around the singular ‘its’ is the apt possessive adjective. In d ‘some
England are used so the positive degree of the adjective, developing countries to become worse off’ is apt and
denoted by ‘as generously’ as he is implied. In d the ‘become’ need not take the ‘-ing form’. In e the adverb
statement should be reworded ‘without so much as’. ‘exclusively’ is wrongly placed not bringing out the intended
So statements a and e are correct. Choice (D) meaning. Unlike other oil-rich countries that have gone
7. We are fooled ‘into’ believing something, not ‘in’, so bankrupt because of exclusive dependence on oil & not on
statement a is incorrect. In c ‘complete with its own’ is apt developmental activities is the mistake the government
as the subject of the sentence is ‘a political party’ in the does not want to make. To make this meaning clear the
singular so ‘their’ is incorrect. In e the board meetings of sentence should read ‘some countries depend exclusively
‘companies’ is implied, taking on from sentence c. on ---------‘. So statements a and c are right. Choice (C)
So ‘it mimics their decisions’ is apt in the plural. 18. In sentence a all the three verbs ‘see’, ‘pay’ and
Thus statements b and d are correct. Choice (B) ‘dismissed’ must be in the past tense or all the verbs must
be in the simple present tense ‘see’, ‘pay’ and ‘dismiss’.
8. In a ‘the’ should precede ‘British’ as two distinct varieties,
In c ‘Dr Weils’ prescription is apt and the apostrophe must
American and British English are impled. We distinguish
be after‘s’. So statements b, d and e are correct.
something ‘from’ something else so ‘to’ is incorrect in d.
Choice (A)
So statements b, c and e are correct. Choice (C)
19. In c the Dilliwallah’s annual income is compared to the
9. ‘A bald count of words’ (in(a)) means ‘just a few words with annual income of the average Indian so the comparative
nothing extra’. There is nothing like a ‘balding’ count. In b degree denoted by ‘richer than’ is apt. In d ‘near to’ is
the arrangement of adjective should be in the order ‘two incorrect as it denotes physical proximity but ‘close to’
quite separate entities’. In e there is a comparison between means ‘similar to’ and is the apt word here. So statements
two things-something that is a mouse and something that is a, b and e are correct. Choice (B)
merely mousy. So the preposition ‘between’ and not ‘for’ is
apt. Thus only statements c and d are correct. 20. In a the presence of ‘not just’ and mention of
Choice (B) ‘social networks’ and ‘music and images’ denotes that the
sentence should end with ‘too’. Thus, ‘music and images
10. In a the correction should be ‘holiest sites for both Jews
too’ is apt. In b the use of ‘relatively’, a word in the
and Muslims’ or ‘for followers of both Judaism, and Islam
comparative makes ‘newer’ comparative erroneous.
and not ‘Judaism and Islam’. In b the clauses in the
So ‘relatively new’ is apt. In e a preposition is missing and
sentence are not arranged properly conveying the meaning
should be corrected to ‘which tune they should be sung in’.
that the Temple Mount was the place where the world was
So statements (c) and (d) are correct. Choice (A)
created according to Jewish tradition. The correction is –
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21. In a the reflexive pronoun ‘concealing himself’ is apt as the 30. In (a) the right expression is ‘at the heart of’ which means
doer of the action, the doorman, is also the receiver of the ‘at the core of’ and ‘heart’ cannot be pluralized even if it
action. In c ‘climbed’ is self-explanatory and denotes an pertains to many businesses as in this context. In (c) ‘to
upward movement. So the preposition ‘up’ is not needed. motivate’ is right and the verb cannot take the ‘ --ing form’.
In (d) the use of ‘furnitures’ is incorrect as the noun cannot In (e) the wrong tense is used. The writer is talking about a
be used in the plural by adding an‘s’. So statements (b) future course of action that leaders need to put in place so
and (e) are correct. Choice (D) ‘will do well’ is apt and not ‘are doing well’. Thus only
statements (a) and (d) are apt. Choice (C)
22. In (b) the correction should be ‘a 76 mile trek’ as it is a
singular noun taken as one single trek and not 76 miles. In 31. In (a) an important link or a verb is missing which can put
(d) the verb should be in the singular ‘threads’ as the the sentence in the correct perspective. ‘Understanding’
subject for this verb is the ‘M6 Motorway’ which is in the would fit the context. ‘We are at the beginning of
singular. In (e) the expression ‘English life play’ means understanding --------‘ is apt as it conveys the sense that
nothing as a preposition is missing and the expression we are at the beginning of computing. In (b) a fact is
should read ‘English life at play’. So statements (a) and (c) mentioned that computing tools ‘enable’ us to learn. So the
are right. Choice (B) simple present tense is apt and ‘are enabling’ is erroneous.
In (e) ‘Its’ should be ‘It’s’ to mean ‘it is -----‘.
23. In (a) the correction should be ‘to cub’ or ‘to do much in Thus statements (c) and (d) are correct. Choice (A)
curbing’ in the present participle form. In (c) the meaning
conveyed is that Canada had made ‘a promise’ to cut its 32. The expression ‘in hand’ is incorrect, the correction is
emissions but is guilty of ‘breach of a promise’. ‘A’ should ‘at hand’, Hence statement (a) is incorrect. In statement (b)
precede ‘promise’. In (d) it makes sense to state that Canada the present perfect continuous tense is appropriate.
was ‘pulling out of’; meaning ‘discontinue to do something’ The correction is ‘---- have been rising’. In statement (e) the
here, to be part of the Kyoto protocol. ‘Pull off’ is the wrong adjective should be in the comparative degree because
phrasal verb and means ‘to manage to do something’. here, a comparison is made between the labour costs of
So statements (b) and (e) are correct. Choice (A) China and Vietnam. Therefore the correction is
24. In (a) the preposition ‘among’ is incorrect as the ‘other countries such as Vietnam are much cheaper’.
comparison is not among all the countries in world. Hence only (c) and (d) are grammatically correct.
Statement (b) makes it clear that the comparison is Choice (B)
between the rich countries and the poor ones. So 33. In statement (b) the relative pronoun ‘who’ does not agree
‘between’ is to be used in place of ‘among’. In (b) the with the subject ‘religious organizations’. It should be
phrase ‘those of the’ is incorrect and should be ‘that in the’ replaced by ‘which’. Statement (c) is incorrect, because
for ‘income per person in the’. So statements (c), (d) and ‘needy’ should be preceded by ‘the’ the definite article. In
(e) are grammatically correct. Choice (C) (d), ‘both’ should be followed by ‘and’. ‘Both ---- and’ is the
correct correlative conjunction to be used here. Only (a)
25. In (b) taking cue from sentence (a);we realize that the verb
and (e) are grammatically correct. Choice (A)
‘had been continuously stressing’ should be in the present
perfect continuous tense denoted by ‘have been 34. In statement (d), ‘from’ should be used along with ‘to’ in
continuously stressing’. In (d) problems are kept ‘at bay’ order to denote the range which is mentioned in the
and not ‘in bay’. In (c) the subject for the sentence is sentence. Therefore the correction is ‘from soft drinks to
‘Intake of’ so the verb ‘is advised‘ in the singular is apt. steelworks’. Statement (e) is incorrect because the verb
Statements (a) and (c) are right. Choice (B) ‘collapse’ does not agree with the subject number.
Therefore the correction is ‘--- the number of firms
26. The whole para is a narration of a past incident so ‘now’ in collapses suddenly ----‘. Therefore (d) and (e) are incorrect
(b) should be changed to ‘then’. In (d) ‘dared not neglect’ in and (a), (b) and (c) are correct statements. Choice (D)
the past participle form should be changed to ‘dare not
neglect’ in keeping with the other verbs in the sentence 35. In statement (b) the simple present tense is inappropriate,
such as ‘arrive’ and ‘pay’. So statements (a), (c) and (e) as the reference is to a past occurrence. The correction is
are right. Choice (B) ‘the beautiful bay ---- was where Christopher Columbus ----
27. Statement (b) must be rephrased as ‘there is something ‘. In statement (c) the word Hong Kong should be preceded
heart-wrenching about chronic back pain’. In (c) the use of by the definite article ‘the’ because here, the proper noun
the auxiliary verb ‘will’ to indicate certainty is incorrect. (Hong Kong) is used as a common noun. In statement (e)
Back pains ‘usually’ occur in people above 35, but it ‘can’ the adjective ‘crime-ridden’ should be in the superlative
also strike a twenty-year-old. Sentence (e) is grammatically degree in keeping with the preceding adjective ‘poorest’ in
incorrect unless the conditional conjunction ‘if’ is placed at order to maintain parallelism in the sentence is’----- one of
the beginning of the sentence ‘If one corrects -------‘. the poorest and the most crime-rider countries’. Statements
Thus statements (a) and (d) are correct. Choice (D) (a) and (d) are grammatically correct. Choice (A)

28. In (b) and on reading the paragraph we know that the 36. In statement (a) the adverb steadfastly is incorrectly placed.
author went for a walk ‘by’ himself. This preposition is to be The correction is ‘---- we steadfastly insist----‘. In statement
used in the sentence. In (c) the use of the conjunction ‘as’ (e) the adverb ‘fairly’ does not make sense ‘fairly’ is chiefly
conveys the meaning that the Rampura-Kere lane went used with favourable adjectives, while ‘rather’ is mainly
past Gudi because it was beautiful. ‘And’ is the apt used before unfavourable adjectives. Hence the correct
conjunction here that renders the sentence meaningful. adverb to be used here is ‘rather’ in order to modify the
In (e) there is a mistake in the adjective form ‘intensive’. adjective ‘nasty’. Therefore the correction is ‘---- a rather nasty
It does not collocate with ‘socializing’. ‘Intense socializing’ habit ----‘. Hence (a) and (e) are erroneous sentences and
is apt. so statements (a) and (d) are correct. (b), (c) and (d) are free of errors. Choice (C)
Choice (A)
37. In statement (a) the reference is to a future probability
29. In (a) ‘the’ should precede ‘Germans’ as a category of hence ‘would’ should replace ‘will’. ’Will’ denotes certainty.
people is indicated. In (c) the phrasal verb ‘picked on’ is Therefore the correction is ‘---- abuzz with talk ---- that
incorrect in the context and it means ‘attack or criticize would allow ----‘. In statement (d) the use of the preposition
someone’. ‘Pick up’ is to learn something very quickly and “over” is incorrect. It cannot be said that players race
is apt here. In (d) the preposition ‘from’ does not convey fantasy cars ‘over’ virtual world. Hence the correction is
the intended meaning. ‘For’ is the right preposition that ‘---- race fantasy cars across them ----‘. Statement (e) is
goes with the context. People fight ‘for’ something and here erroneous because of the conjunction ‘and’. The contrast in
it is a fight for jobs. So statements (b) and (d) are correct the sentence is best brought out using the conjunction ‘but’.
. Choice (C) Hence b and c are error free Choice (D)
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38. In a the verb ‘look’ does not agree with the noun scene. 47. In statement (a) the expression along does not make
Hence the correction is ’the scene ---- looks like ----’. In sense. The correct phrasal verb to be used here is set out
statement (b) the use of the preposition ‘with’ after the or set forth meaning to start a journey. In statement (d) the
phrasal verb ‘go about’ meaning to keep busy, is incorrect. word ‘arose’ which is the past tense of arise, does not
In (c) the use of the preposition ‘at’ is incorrect. make sense. The word ‘arouse’ meaning to make
The correction is’--- completing forms on computers’. somebody have a particular feeling or attitude is more apt
Hence only statements (d) and (e) are grammatically here. Statement (e) is incorrect because the word bicycle
correct. Choice (B) should be followed by an apostrophe and ‘s’ in order to
denote the possessive case as the reference is to the
39. Statement (a) is incorrect because here, the word buzz spokes of the bicycle. Statements (b) and (c) are error free.
should be followed by the preposition ‘with’. ‘Buzz with’ is Choice (B)
the correct collocation. In (d) the expression ‘built with’ is
incorrect. The correction is ‘built on’. Therefore the 48. In statement (d) the superlative adjective ‘earliest’ should
correction is ‘Macau’s success is not built purely on ----‘. be preceded by the definite article. Statement (e) has a
Hence (b),(c) and (e) are grammatically correct statements. tense error. Here, the reference is to an action which began
Choice (B) at some time in the past and is continuing up to the present
moment. Hence the present perfect tense is apt. Therefore
40. In statement (a) the word Indian Ocean should be preceded the correction is ‘--- religion --- has never been static
by the definite article. In statement (b) the use of the statements (a), (b) and (c) are error free. Choice (A)
preposition ‘of’ after ‘composed’ is incorrect. Something is
composed of (made up of) something and something 49. In statement (a) the verb ‘have’ is incorrect. The Indian
composes (makes up) something. In statement (d) the word Railways is a single entity hence only ‘has’ agrees with it.
endemic should be followed by ‘in’. Therefore, the Statement (e) is erroneous because the expression ‘fall a
correction is ‘malaria is endemic in Maldive islands –’ prey’ is incorrect. The correct expression is ‘fall prey’.
meaning malaria is regularly found in Maldive islands. Statements (b), (c) and (d) are correct. Choice (C)
Hence only (c) and (e) are free of errors. Choice (A)
50. In statement (a) the word ‘adhered’ should be followed by
41. In statement (b) the adjective ‘few’ should be preceded by ‘to’. ‘Adhere to’ meaning stick firmly to something is the
the article ‘a’. ‘A few’ meaning some is apt in this sentence. correct expression. Statement (c) is incorrect because ‘not
In (e) ‘Sierra Nevada’ should be preceded by the definite only’ should be followed by ‘but also’. Statements (b), (d)
article because from the word ‘peaks’ it is obvious that the and (e) are grammatically correct. Choice (C)
reference is to a group of mountains. Hence the correction
51. In statement (b) the word harangue should be followed
is ‘--- the snow whitened peaks of Sierra Nevada.
‘over’. Statement (c) is incorrect because ‘escalate’ should
Statements a, c and d are free of errors. Choice (B)
be followed by ‘into’ (something escalates into something).
42. In statement (a) the expression ‘Nobel prize– winning Statements (a), (d) and (e) are free of errors.
economist’ should be preceded by an article. Hence the Choice (D)
correction is ‘--- a Nobel prize– winning economist. 52. In statement (c) the verb ‘suggests’ does not agree with the
In statement (c) the adverb ‘firmly’ is misplaced. plural subject ‘fundamentals’. Therefore the correction is
The correction is ‘--- ‘firmly believed’. Statements b, d and e ‘The best theory of universal fundamentals ---- suggests
are free of errors. Choice (C) that’. Statement (c) is incorrect because the preposition
‘among’ is incorrect because here the comparison is
43. In statement (c) the apostrophe should come after the ‘s’ in between two things (matter and antimatter) hence the
the word ‘countries’ because the reference is to many preposition ‘between’ is apt here. Statements (a), (b) and
countries. In statement (c) ‘not only’ should be followed by (d) are grammatically correct. Choice (D)
‘but also’. Hence (c) and (e) are erroneous and (a), (b) and
(d) are correct sentences. Choice (B) 53. In statement (a) the word ‘rural India’ should be preceded
by the article ‘a’ because the reference here, is to a
44. In statement (a) the past perfect tense is inappropriate particular scene. In statement (b) the positioning of the
because the reference is to an activity completed in the adverb ‘dramatically’ is incorrect. The correction is ‘--- has
immediate past. Hence the present perfect tense ‘have changed dramatically’. Statement (c) has a tense error. The
changed’ is apt here. In (b) the plural verb ‘crises’ is present perfect continuous tense ‘has been growing’ is apt
incorrect. Here the reference is to one particular crisis here because, the reference is to an action which began at
hence the singular ‘crisis’ is apt. In (d) the word ‘billions’ some time in the past and is still continuing. Statements (d)
should be in the singular. Hence the correction is and (e) are error free. Choice (D)
$100 billion’. Only (c) and (e) are grammatically correct.
Choice (D) 54. Statement (b) is incorrect because ‘US’ should be preceded
by the definite article as the reference is to a group of
45. Statement (b) is incorrect because the word market should countries. In statement (c) the positioning of the adverb
be in the plural in keeping with the subject ‘one’. Therefore ‘significantly’ is incorrect. The correction is ‘---- a significant
the correction is ‘one of the world’s most liberalized energy cause of concern. Therefore only (a), (d) and (e) are correct
markets’. Statement (c) is incorrect because of the statements. Choice (B)
preposition ‘upon’. Lectured should be followed by ‘on’ not 55. In statement (a) there is a tense error. Here, the reference
upon. In statement (e) the adverb ‘gradually’ is is to an action which began in the past and is continuing up
inappropriately placed. The correction is ‘---- the country to the present moment. Hence, the present perfect tense
has gradually lost faith ----‘ Statements (a) and (d) are ‘has been’ is apt here. In (c) the use of the plural word
grammatically correct. Choice (D) ‘billions’, is incorrect. The correct expression is’ $ 5 billion.
In statement (d) ‘Philippines’ should be preceded by the
46. In statement (a) the article ‘a’ which precedes ‘little’ distorts definite article as the reference is to a group g islands.
the meaning intended in the sentence. It is understood from Statement b and e are free of errors. Choice (C)
the sentence that the towns of Thailand’s Rivera were
sleepy fishing villages at the turn of the last century. This is 56. Statement (b) is incorrect because the word ‘Netherlands’
denoted by the word ‘little’. Therefore the correction is should be preceded by the definite article. In statement (c)
‘The towns --- were little more than sleepy villages’. the adjective ‘big’ should be in the superlative degree in
In statement (b) the use of the preposition ‘across’ is order to maintain parallelism in the sentence. In (e) the
incorrect. The correction is ‘---- along the coast today’. expression ‘in the ground’, is incorrect. The correction is
Only c, d and (e) are grammatically correct. ‘on the ground’. Statements (a) and (d) are grammatically
Choice (A) correct. Choice (A)
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57. In statement (d) the expression ‘--- a wonder of the modern expression. In b the word ‘hold’ should be followed by ‘on’.
age’ is incorrect. The correction is ‘--- the wonder of the The phrasal verb ‘hold on’, meaning to survive in a difficult
modern age’. In statement (e) there is an error of situation, is apt here. Statements c, d and e are error free.
parallelism. The correction is ‘---- have become more Choice (C)
complex. Statements a, b and c are grammatically correct.
Choice (B) 68. In statement c the past tense form of the word lead should
be use. Therefore the correction is ‘…. Some philosophies
58. Statement ‘b’ is incorrect because of the comparative have led India. Statement d is incorrect due to the
adjective ‘greater’. Since there is no comparison intended inappropriate positioning of the adverb ‘also’.
in the sentence the use of the comparative is erroneous. The correction is ‘the country has also said……’.
The superlative adjective ‘greatest’ is apt here. In statement In statement e the use of; out’ after the word figure is not
(e) the use of the apostrophe in 1940s is incorrect because necessary. Statements a and b are grammaticality correct.
a possession is not intended in this sentence. Statements Choice (B)
a, c and d are grammatically correct. Choice (B)
69. Statement a is incorrect because here, from should be
59. Statement (b) is incorrect because the word ‘life’ should followed by to. Therefore the correction is ‘….
be in the plural as the reference is to many lives. From Somnath Tample in the West to the Camorta Island in
In statement (c) the word ‘qualitatively’ is incorrectly placed. the East’. In statement d the word’ from’ should be replaced
The correction is ‘---- qualitatively distinct’. Statements a, d by ‘through’. Statements b, c and e are grammatically
and e are grammatically correct. Choice (D) correct. Choice (D)
60. In b the word ‘alacrity’ should be preceded by with. 70. In statement b the expression ‘died with starvation’ is
You respond to someone or something with alacrity. In c incorrect. The correction is ‘died out of starvation’,
the verb ‘records’ does not agree with the subject In Statement e ‘British’ should be followed by the definite
‘statistics’. The correction is ‘Reserve Bank of India article because the reference here, is to a particular class
statistics record….’. In e the use of the article before of persons. Hence only statements a, c and d are
‘cold comfort’ is incorrect. Only a and b are grammatically grammatically correct. Choice (A)
correct. Choice (A)
71. In statement a the word compete should be followed by
61. Statement a is incorrect because the preposition ‘of’ does over. Companies compete over something and not upon.
not make sense here. The expression ‘off the coast’ is the In statement d the use of the preposition in is incorrect. It
correction. In statement c the use of ‘away’ after the word should be replaced by on. One stands on a platform and
swallowed is incorrect. In statement e the verb ‘want’ does not in. Statements b, c and e are correct statements.
not agree with the subject ‘government’. Statements b, c Choice (B)
and e are free of errors. Choice (B)
72. Statement ‘a’ is erroneous because here, ‘Indian Ocean’
62. Statement a is incorrect due to the use of the apostrophe should be preceded by the definite article. In statement ‘d’
with its. ‘It’s’ meaning ‘it is’ is inappropriate here. the positioning of the adverb ‘often’ is incorrect.
The pronoun its is apt. In statement b the preposition in is The correction is’… often mystifying. Statements b, c and e
incorrect. The correction is ‘….. at the beginning’. are free of errors. Choice (A)
Statements c, d and e are correct. Choice (D) 73. Statement a is incorrect because here the correlative
63. Statement a is incorrect because the expression ‘…. at a conjunction not only should be followed by but also. In
loss of adjectives’ is incorrect. The correction is ‘…. at a statement c the adjective ‘wide’ should be in the
loss for adjectives’. In statement b, the phrasal verb ‘take competitive degree because here a comparison is intended
up’ meaning to fill or use an amount of space or time is in this sentence. Statements b, d and e are grammatically
incorrect. The correct phrasal verb is ‘take on’ which means consistent. Choice (D)
to begin to have a particular quality, appearance etc. in
74. In statement a the use of the conjunction ‘and’ is incorrect.
statement c the word part should be in the plural. Therefore
Since a contrast is intended in the sentence, it should be
the correction is’…. One of the most spiritual and mystical
denoted by the conjunction ‘but’’. In statement c the
parts….’. Statements d and e are error free.
preposition to after the word helps is incorrect. ‘Helps
Choice (C)
explain’ is the correct expression. In statement d the
apostrophe should be placed after the s in the word firms,
64. In statement b the position of the adverb ‘increasing’ by is
since the reference is to many firms. Statements b and e
incorrect. The correction ‘….. geographic boundaries, and
are correct in terms of grammar and usage. Choice (C)
routine jobs are increasingly getting automated.
In statement e the reference is to two subjects aptitude and
75. In statement b the adjective should be in the comparative
skills hence it should be followed by those. Hence the
degree, in keeping with the preceding adjective ‘faster’
correction is ‘….. different from those his predecessors
which is also in the comparitive degree. In statement e the
required’. Hence a, c and d are correct. Choice (A)
expression ‘creaking from the strain’ is incorrect.
65. In statement b the adjective ‘wet’ should also be in the The correction is ‘creaking under the strain. Statements a, c
comparative degree in keeping with the preceding adjective and d are grammatically correct statements. Choice (B)
‘warmer’. In statement d the use of but is incorrect because
the sentence begins with though. Hence statements a, 76. Sentence a has a mistake in it. Sentences b, c, d and e are
c and e are correct. Choice (A) grammatically correct.
For sentence a to be grammatically correct, it has to be
66. In statement a the word ‘conjures’ should be followed by rewritten thus : 'If salary hikes had kept pace with the
up. The phrasal verb ‘conjures up’ meaning to make inflation in house prices over the last 15 years, you'd have
something appear as a picture in your mind is apt in this been earning...'. This is because the sentence tells us what
context. In statement b the present perfect tense would have been possible if salary hikes had kept pace
‘has always’ is apt in this context because the reference is with rises in house prices. Choice (A)
to a past action which is relevant even to this day.
Statements c, d and e are grammatically correct. 77. Sentences a and c have mistakes in them. Sentences b, d
Choice (D) and e are grammatically correct.
In sentence a, the subject of the plural verb, 'are' is the
67. In statement a, the expression ‘…. earnest touchingly’ is singular noun, 'breed'. Since a singular noun can only
incorrect. The adverb ‘touchingly’ is modifying the adjective collocate with a singular verb, for sentence a to be
‘earnest’, hence ‘touchingly earnest’ is the correct grammatically correct, 'are' must be replaced by 'is'.
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 The idiomatic expression, 'stand out from the crowd', 5. Statements c and e are incorrect. There is a syntactical
means 'be different from the majority'. Since it is an error in c. ‘As they can be made, it is …..’ is the proper
idiomatic expression, it cannot be modified. So, for sequence of words here. It should be ‘in civil affairs’
sentence c to make complete sense, 'of' in the 1st clause in e, since the correct usage is ‘to establish in civil affairs’.
should be replaced by 'from'. Choice (C) Statements b, d and e are correct. Choice (C)

78. Sentences a, b and c have mistakes in them. Sentences d 6. Statements b and e are incorrect. In statement b, there is
and e are grammatically correct. an instance of violation of subject-verb agreement.
The subject of the verb ‘act’ is ‘the sovereign,’ which is
'It's' is the abbreviation of the words, 'it is'. Since sentence a singular. So, it should be ‘acts’. The sequence of ‘when
speaks of the north-west and the central Pacific coast of only’ in e should be ‘only when’, since the emphasis is on
Costa Rica, 'it's' should be replaced by the possessive the time when the people are assembled. a, c and d are
pronoun, 'its'. correct statements. Choice (A)
In sentence b, the verb, 'is' is associated with the nouns,
'north west' and 'coast'. A verb associated with two nouns 7. Statements b and c are incorrect. ‘Its’ in b should be ‘it is’ or
needs to be in the plural form. So, for sentence b to be it’s. ‘To held up’ in c should be ‘to hold up’. The remaining
grammatically correct, 'is' should be replaced by 'are' and statements are correct. Choice (C)
'offers' should be replaced by 'offer'.
The verb, 'cloaked', in sentence c, collocates with the 8. Statements b, d and e are incorrect. ‘Vote for a mayor’ is
preposition, 'in', and not with the preposition, 'with'. recommended in place of ‘vote to a mayor’. ‘We all have’
Therefore, 'in' should replace 'with' in sentence c. means ‘collectively the given group has’. ‘All we have’
Choice (D) means ‘this is the only thing we have’. The context in d
demands the former usage. ‘Take part in a process’ is the
79. Sentences b and c have mistakes in them. Sentences a, d usage violated in e. Statements a and c are grammatically
and e are grammatically correct. consistent. Choice (B)

The verb, 'steeps', in sentence b, means, 'soak (something) 9. Statements c and e are incorrect. In c, events have not
in water or another liquid (to extract its essence'. It is moved anything. They must have moved on. And ‘off’ in e
contextually inappropriate. For the sentence to make should be ‘of’. “To remind the reader of’ is the usage
perfect sense, 'steeps' should be replaced by 'seeps', required. a, b and d are correct statements. Choice (D)
meaning, 'pass through a porus substance'.
10. Statements b, c and d are incorrect. The subject of the verb
In sentence c, the noun, 'process', has been preceded by ‘has’ in b is ‘individuals’. Hence, it should be ‘have’.
the definite article, 'the'. But since the process has been ‘Dispose of’ is the proper usage recommended to be used
referred to only once in the given set of sentences, the use in c. We do not ‘transmit into’. We ‘transmit to’. ‘To’ is to be
of the article, 'the', is inappropriate. So, for sentence c to be used in d. Only a and e are grammatically correct.
grammatically correct, 'the' should be replaced by 'a'. Choice (D)
Choice (B)
11. Statements a, b and c are incorrect. In a it should be ‘….
80. Sentence c has a mistake in it. Sentences a, b, d and e are one of the very few guys that have mercilessly ….’, since
grammatically correct. the subject for the verb ‘have’ is ‘guys’. Prevent somebody /
something from doing something is the usage. Hence, ‘from
It is not clear which noun the pronoun, 'it', in sentence c believing’ should replace ‘to believe’ in b. The standard
refers to. To ensure that there is no ambiguity, sentence c usage ‘made one be’ is violated in c. The verb ‘make’,
should be reworded thus : '...Earth at just under nine times when used as a verb that causes something to happen,
the distance of the latter to the moon.' Choice (C) takes only the plain infinitive. Hence, it should be, ‘…..
made me know …..’ in c. Statements d and e are correct in
Practice Exercise – 8 terms grammar and usage. Choice (A)

1. Statements a, b and d are erroneous. The context is not 12. Statements b and d are incorrect. It is the word that ‘shall
that a teacher who is sharpening, but it is sharpening done be understood’. Hence, the correction is ‘the word shall be
by the teacher. So it should be ‘teacher’ who sharpens. understood’. In d precise reason should be followed by that.
‘Sharpening is done with’, not ‘by’. Emotional moorings and Hence a, c and e are correct. Choice (A)
volitional moorings are different. So it should be
13. Statements b and d are incorrect. In b the subject dog-
‘the volitional….’. c and e are free of errors. Choice (D)
eating-dog competition demands the verb to be ‘is’. In d the
expression ‘Herculean one’ should be ‘a Herculean one’.
2. Statements b, c and e are erroneous. In b, it should be
Statements a, c and e are correct. Choice (A)
‘a Japanese’. Only then it refers to a Japanese person. In c,
it should be ‘was coming’. The entire context is in the past
14. Statements a and b are incorrect. The opinion this
tense. In e ‘to’ is not required. ‘Reaching the shore’ is the
sentence conveys is that one thinks one were wise while in
usage. a and d are grammatically correct. Choice (C)
reality not being so and one repeats the process of
‘overestimating, realising to overestimate to realise later’.
3. Statements a and e are erroneous. The intention of the
Hence, the corrections recommended are: ‘comes’ in a and
author of this sentence is to talk about how education was
‘thinks’ in b. c, d and e are correct statements.
and to add to say what the ‘long-drawn-out work’ results in.
Choice (A)
Hence, statement a should be ‘Education had so long been
……’ and statement e should read ‘which taxes the body 15. The correction in a is ‘dates only from’. In b the correction is
……’ However, statement e can as well be thus: ‘without a traffic light or without traffic lights’. In e the
‘which would tax the body but would not engage the soul’. correction is ‘compulsory in public places’. Choice (C)
Statements b, c and d are correct. Choice (A)
16. Statements a, b and d are erroneous. ‘divorced with’ in a
4. Statements b and c are erroneous. In statement b, there is should be ‘divorced from’. ‘As if it presents ……’ in b should
a specific reference to a particular civilization. Hence, it be ‘As if it presented’. Simple past tense used after ‘as if or
should be ‘the Spanish-speaking or, even the Iberian …..’ as though’ expresses the sense of something that does not
In c, there is an instance of misuse. ‘choose’ should be happen. ‘Built the science’ in d should be ‘built up the
‘chose’. Statements a, d and e are free of errors. science’. ‘Build up’ means ‘to equip or to add to’. Hence c
Choice (D) and e are correct options. Choice (D)
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17. Statements a and d are erroneous. In a the adjective 28. In a the simple past – was – should replace ‘had been’.
‘far-sighted’ demands the adverbial form of ‘wonderful’, i.e., Part B has no error. ‘Has’ in c is incorrect – it should be
‘wonderfully’. Statement d should read thus: ‘unless John ‘have’ to agree with the subject ‘those’. In d ‘by contrast’ is
had budgeted’. This correction is demanded by the rule ‘if it enough and e should have ‘than that of any other parts...
had been so, it would have been so’. Statements b, c and e ’ in place of ‘any other parts’. Choice (B)
are grammatically consistent. Choice (B)
29. The verb in a should be ‘has been used’ since it is the
18. b and d are the erroneous statements. ‘Radically red’ in b passive voice. In b ‘consistent at’ is incorrect; ‘consistent
does not make any sense. It should be ‘….. radical red and with’ is the correct usage. ‘One tenths’ in c is an error, ‘one
green’. The context of the sentence makes it known that tenth’ is the right expression. In d the simple present tense
2CV is a vehicle. So statement d should read thus: ‘…… ‘uses’ should be used. Option E has no errors.
left-wing publications put in ……’. a, c and e are error free. Choice (D)
Choice (D)
30. a has no errors. In b ‘6.1 millions’ is incorrect; it should be
19. a, b and c are erroneous. ‘person’ in a requires a ‘6.1 million’. ‘Displacing’ in c should be replaced by
determiner. Hence it should be, ‘….. nothing but a moral ‘displaced’. In c the simple past is enough and in e the
person …..’. ‘Consists of’ is the standard usage misused in relative pronoun should be ‘that’ instead of ‘who’.
statement b. There is an instance of violation of subject- Choice (A)
verb agreement in c. The subject of that clause is ‘……
most important …..’ so it should be: ‘if the most important of 31. There are no errors in a and b. In c the modal ‘can’ should
its cares is …..’ d and e are correct statements. be replaced by ‘should’ since ‘can’ expresses only
Choice (B) possibility or ability. The modal ‘can‘ could also be omitted
and ‘continue’ replaced with ‘continues’. Opening’ in d is
20. Statements a, b and c are incorrect. The author seems to incorrect; ‘open’ is the right verb. In e the verb ‘seem’
say that he does not believe in the act of making doesn’t agree with the subject, it should be ‘seems’.
resolutions. So a is better as ‘….. believe in making …..’. Choice (C)
‘Real resolute’ in b should be ‘really resolute’. And the
subject for the verb ‘require’ is one. Hence, it should be 32. The present continuous tense in a is inappropriate; it
‘one requires’. Hence only d and e are correct statements. should be the simple present – requires. b has no mistakes.
Choice (C) In c the verb should be ‘deserve’ as ‘the old’ is considered
plural. The conjunction in d should be ‘and’, not ‘but’,
21. Statements a, c and e are incorrect. Emphasize in a does according to the context. In e ‘attained’ is incorrect; it
not take any preposition. We lay emphasis on something should be the simple present - attain. Choice (B)
and we emphasize something. Statement c refers to the
past. Hence, it should be ‘…. there was the ……’. 33. There are no errors in b and c. In part a, the verb should be
The author intends to say that one section is victimised and in the present perfect – has been – to suit ‘for the last three
/ or oppressed by another section. Hence, the preposition quarters.’ ‘Tone down’ should be used in d and in e ‘tells’
‘from’ in e should be changed to ‘by’ b and d are which is a transitive verb, should be followed by an object –
grammatically correct sentences. Choice (B) us. Choice (C)
22. Statements d and e are incorrect. ‘Would not have 34. In part a the use of present continuous tense is improper; it
participated’ in c should be continued with ‘even if they had should be the present perfect – have dropped - to match
seen it ……’ in d. In statement e ‘may’ should replace the use of ‘since’ in the sentence. In b ‘as’ has to be
‘should’ Only a, b and c are correct. Choice (D) replaced by ‘than’ since comparative degree is used in the
sentence. In c the simple past ‘declined’ is enough as this
23. Statements b, c and e are incorrect. In b the common noun tense – did - is used for referring to recession. d has no
‘pattern’ is used without any determiner. It should be errors. In e the simple past tense is enough as time
‘a pattern’. In c the usage ‘possible trouble-causing’ should reference – December 2007- is given. Choice (C)
be ‘possibly trouble-causing’. In e ‘….. at a number’ should
be ‘…… at the number …..’, since the expression 35. In part a the use of ‘lesser’ is incorrect; it should be ‘less’.
‘assigned’ refers to a specific number. a and d are correct b and d have no errors. In c ‘is not materialising’ is
statements. Choice (D) incorrect; instead it should be ‘did not materialise.’ In part e
the use ‘have ran out’ is incorrect; it should be ‘have run
24. Statements b and e are incorrect. In b ‘ten-minutes prying’ out.’ Choice (D)
should be ‘ten-minute prying. In e the relative pronoun
‘whose should replace its. Statements a, c and d are 36. In b ‘impunity of’ has to be corrected as ‘impunity for’ and in
correct in terms of grammar and usage. Choice (B) d a comma is missing after ‘example’. Choice (B)

25. Statements c and d are incorrect. The subject for the verb ‘are’ 37. In a the correction is in the word alarm, which should be
in c is swimming pool. Hence, it should be ‘….. is a swimming replaced with alarms. The correct usage in c is ‘might use
pool’. It is funny to say, in d, ‘quiet kidney-shaped’. It should be his muscle’ and in e the word ‘line’ should be replaced with
‘quite kidney-shaped’. Statements a, b and e are correct in ‘streak’ which is more appropriate. Choice (A)
terms of grammar and usage. Choice (B)
38. In a the correct sentence is ‘maybe in the ways of
26. Part b should have past perfect tense since the reporting democracy’ and b the correct phrase is ‘explore it to the
verb in the first part of the sentence is simple past – full’. Statements c, d and e are correct. Choice (D)
thought. The verb in C should be simple past as time
reference (1993) is given. It should be ‘instead of taking’ in 39. a has to be corrected as ‘a spate of books’, c the correction
d and in e ‘would complete’ is the ideal verb. Part a has no is ‘swings to the opposite extreme’ and d has to corrected
mistakes. Choice (C) as ‘washed up’. Choice (A)

27. Part a has no mistakes. The tense in B has to be the 40. In a ‘of’ can be omitted and d ‘off’ is wrong and the correct
present perfect – has been – to suit the expression ‘for word is ‘of’. Choice (C)
decades’. In c ‘risen’ is incorrect, it should be ‘rising’ and in
part d the simple present tense – brings – is to be used 41. In b the correction is in the spelling of ‘arable’, in c ‘fall’
since the sentence states a general or commonly accepted should be corrected as ‘fell’, in d ‘swiftly’ should come
fact. In e ‘more’ should replace ‘most’ as the passage is before ‘turn’ and in e the correction is ‘proportion of tree
about the degree of social division. Choice (A) cover’. Choice (A)

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42. In b ‘in’ has to be replaced with ‘on’, in c ‘towards’ should 56. In b the verb ‘underscores’ does not agree with the plural
be changed to ‘toward’ and in e ‘against’ has to be replaced subject insights. d is incorrect because as should be
from ‘out from’ or ‘apart from’. Choice (D) followed by as, ‘as much …… as’ is the correct
construction. In e the use of the word ‘adapting’ (changing
43. The correction in b is there is a comma missing after something in order to make it suitable for a new use or
Genesis and before Enoch and in d ‘descended’ should be situation) is inappropriate. The word adopting (using a
replaced with ‘ascended’. In e the superlative adjective, particular) method or showing a particular attitude towards
shortest should be preceded by the definite article. someone or something) is apt here. Statements a and c are
Choice (B) grammatically correct. Choice (A)
44. In c the correction is American navy’s equivalent and in e
57. Statement a is incorrect because the adverb mostly does
‘stave of’ has to be corrected as ‘stave off’. Choice (A)
not make sense here. The superlative adjective most is apt
45. In b ‘at both’ has to be replaced with ‘in both’, in c the here. Therefore the sentence should be corrected as ‘……
correction is ‘put on the’ and in d the correction is ‘north of that of waste has most fired the public imagination or ‘…
Las Vegas’. Choice (C) that of waste has fired the public imagination the most
……..’ In e the verb ‘pile’ does not agree with the subject
46. In a ‘in’ at the beginning of the sentence has to be replaced waste’. Therefore the correction is ‘………… the waste from
with ‘from’, in b the correction is ‘heading for’ and in c the today’s reactors piles up’. Only b, c and d free of errors.
correction is ‘in spite of’ or ‘despite’. Choice (A) Choice (C)

47. In a the correction is ‘descended on’, in b the correction is 58. The use of the apostrophe in the figure 1880 is incorrect in
‘on the unseasonably’ and in c the correction is ‘blown- up’. statement b. In c the expression ‘sprung up’ into being is
Choice (D) incorrect. ‘Spring into life’ or ‘spring into being is the correct
idiomatic expression. Therefore b and c are incorrect and a,
48. In a an apostrophe is missing after the word ‘citizens’, in b d and e are grammatically consistent. Choice (D)
the quotes are missing before ‘we’ and after ‘Bolivia’, in c
the word ‘of’ has to be replaced with ‘by’ and in e the word 59. In statement b the use of the word trial does not make
‘country’ doesn’t have to be capitalized. Choice (B) sense. Adventure trail is the correct expression. In e the
use of the preposition ‘up’ after filled is redundant. Only a, c
and d are grammatically correct. Choice (B)
49. In b the correction is ‘running at’, in c the correction is
‘government’s coffers’ and in e the correction is ‘despite
60. In statement b the use of the preposition ‘in’ is incorrect.
years of solid growth’. Choice (D)
Someone is good/bad at doing something and not in doing
something. Statement d is incorrect because of the
50. Statements a, c and d are incorrect. ‘Man’s first law is to preposition ‘for’, we buy something at a price and not for a
attend to’ is needed in a. ‘Attend to’ means ‘to take care of’, price. Hence the correction is we often buy things we don’t
or ‘to pay attention to’. ‘Come to years of discretion’ need at arbitrary prices and for silly reasons. Only a, c and e
mentioned in c is better expressed in simple present tense, are correct in terms of grammar and usage. Choice (B)
in which case it changes to ‘as soon as he comes to years
of discretion’. ‘Adept’ in d should be ‘adopted’. Adept, with 61. The use of the word discrete (independent of other things
its meaning skilful, is unsuitable here. Statements b and e of the same type) is inappropriate in b. The word discreet
are free of errors. Choice (D) meaning unobtrusive or unostentatious is apt here. In d the
word beguiling is misspelt. Only a, c and e are correct,
51. In a, the expression ‘Bolivia’s poorest and fastest growing making option B the correct answer. Choice (B)
city’ should be preceded and followed by a comma to
indicate the parenthesis. Hence a comma should be placed 62. In b, the word weavers should be followed by the
after city. In b the placement of the adverb ‘grotesquely’ is apostrophe to denote the possessive case. Therefore, the
incorrect. The correction is ‘… grotesquely hang…….’ In d correction is ‘weavers’ cottages. In d the word ‘ushered’
‘a little faith’ is incorrect here the article is not required should be followed by in. the phrasal verb ‘usher something
because it is conveyed that the residents have no faith in in’ is to be the beginning of something new or to make
the police. This is indicated by saying ‘residents have little something new begin. In e the word urban should be in the
faith in the police’. Only c and e are free of errors. comparative degree. Therefore the correction is made
Choice (B) people richer and more urban. Hence only a and c are
correct. Choice (C)
52. The error in a is the absence of the article ‘a’ before
‘hundred’. The expression ‘a hundred years ago’ means 63. In d the word Gulf should be followed by an apostrophe
one hundred years ago. In d the expression ‘along miles of because here the comparison is between the waters of the
new roads’ is incorrect. The correction is ‘across miles of Missisipi and the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Therefore
new roads’. Only b, c and e are grammatically correct. the correction is?…… divides the Missisipi’s brown water
Choice (D) from the Gulf’s blue ….’. In e the phrasal verb scooped out
is incorrect. The correct phrasal verb to be used here is
53. In c the word Sun Tzu should be followed by a comma to ‘scooped up’. Statements a, b and c are grammatically
indicate the parenthesis. In e the adverb stoically is correct. Choice (B)
positioned inappropriately. The correction is ‘……. stoically
endure ……’. Only a, b and d are grammatically correct. 64. In b the position of the adverb ‘surprisingly’ is inappropriate.
Choice (A) The correction is ‘….. but are surprisingly alike behind their
facades…..’. In d the adjective ‘rich’ should be in the
54. In ‘b’ the word quarter should be preceded by the article ‘a’ comparative degree. Therefore the correction is ‘A city
in order to mean ‘one quarter’. d is incorrect because the twice as large as its neighbour is likely to be 15% richer’.
word beside (adjacent to) does not make sense here. Only a, c and e are grammatically correct. Choice (A)
Besides (in addition to) is apt here. a, c and e are
grammatically correct. Choice (C) 65. In c, the use of the adverb ‘different’ is incorrect.
The adverb ‘differently is apt here, as it answers the
55. In b the word ‘desperate’ meaning bold audacious does not questions how they like to do things. In e it’s (meaning it is)
make sense. The correct word is disparate (distinct). In e is incorrect. Its does not carry an apostrophe in the
the word ‘treacherous’ is misspelt. a, c and d are correct. possessive case. Hence only a, b and d are grammatically
Choice (D) correct. Choice (B)

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66. In b the word degenerate should be followed by into 74. This sentence has no grammatical errors. In b the verb
something degenerates into something should be ‘has’ in place of ‘have’; in c ‘stand’ should be
In c the use of the preposition ‘from’ is incorrect. replaced by ‘stands’; in d ‘as’ is incorrect – it should be
The reference is to a time in the past until the present time. ‘than’ as comparative degree is used here; in e ‘the second
Hence ‘since’ is appropriate in this context. Hence b and c highest’ is to be used in place of ‘the second high’.
are incorrect and a, d and e are grammatically correct. Choice (C)
Choice (D)
75. They have no mistakes in them. b has the wrong usage
67. Statements d and e and erroneous. In d the placement of ‘14 millions people’; in c ‘too crowded that’ is grammatically
the adverb ‘undoubtedly’ is incorrect. The correction is incorrect; in e the verb ‘transports’ doesn’t agree with the
‘…… undoubtedly spells great advantage’. In e the use of subject. Choice (B)
the conjunction ‘and’ is incorrect. Since a contrast is
presented in this sentence ‘but’ is appropriate here. Only a, 76. In part C there should be a comma after ‘book’, indicating
b and c are grammatically correct. Choice (B) the end of the parenthesis. Statements (b), (d) and (e) are
grammatically correct. Choice (B)
68. In a the word ‘unswerving’ is misspelt. In d the word dollars
should not be in the plural. The correct expression is multi- 77. In (b) the word ‘percieve’ is misspell. The correct spelling is
billion-dollar industry. b, c and d are grammatically correct. ‘perceive’. Part (e) is erroneous due to the inappropriate
Choice (C) placement of the adverb ‘actually’. The correction is ‘-----
may actually be beneficial’. Part a, c and d are error free.
69. In a the expression two-third should be in the plural. In c Choice (D)
the word ‘affected (made a difference to) does not make
sense. Effected meaning brought about is apt here. In d the 78. In (a) the positioning of the adverb ‘already’ is incorrect.
conjunction ‘though’ does not make sense. The contrast The correction is ‘----- the city is already busy’. In (d) the
intended in the sentence is best brought out using the expression ‘--- get them off from the streets’ is incorrect.
conjunction while. Hence while should replace though. Here, the use of the preposition from is incorrect. The
Only b and e are grammatically correct. Choice (D) correction is ‘---- get them off the streets’. In (e) the word
‘accomodation’ is misspell. The correct spelling is
70. In ‘a’ the word bankruptcy should be followed by a dash, “accommodation”. Parts b and c are error free.
indicating the end of the parenthesis. In c the expression Choice (A)
‘as if they are people’ is incorrect. Here, the reference is to
a possibility this should be indicated by the expression ‘as if 79. In part (a), the article ‘a’ is incorrect. Since the reference is
they were people’. Hence a and c are erroneous and b, to a particular place, the definite article ‘the’ is more
d and e are correct expressions. Choice (A) appropriate here. The correction is ‘---- the remote town of
Resolute Bay. In (e), the use of the preposition ‘with’ after
71. statement a is wrong since ‘Last week I have visited’ is the word ‘fight’ is incorrect. The correction is ‘----- fight
grammatically incorrect; it should be ‘I visited.’ statement b against climate change----‘. Choice (B)
should have been ‘north of London’ and in statement c it’s
is an error; it should have been its. There are no errors in d 80. The phrasal verb shaken out (to open or spread something
and e. Choice (B) by shaking, especially so that bits of dust, dirt etc, come off it)
does not make sense in part (a), it should be replaced with
72. This is the only sentence without any grammatical ‘shaken up’. The phrasal verb ‘shake up’ means to make
mistakes. In b the modal ‘should’ is inappropriate; in c important changes in an organization, a profession, etc. in
‘to considering’ is incorrect; in d ‘did’ should be replaced by more efficient. In part (b) the use of the conjunction ‘and’ is
‘do’ and in e the use of ‘anyone’ is improper; it can be incorrect. Since the sentence continues the idea expressed
‘everyone’. Choice (C) in a, part (b) presents a contrast with what is stated in (a)
hence the conjunction ‘but’ is more appropriate in this
73. These parts are free of grammatical mistakes. In a ‘under context. Hence (b) should begin with ‘but’. Hence a and b
risk’ is incorrect; it should be ‘at risk’. In b ‘worse’ is to be are erroneous and c, d and e are grammatically consistent.
replaced by ‘the worst’. In e ‘exposure of’ is incorrect; it Choice (D)
should be ‘exposure to’. Choice (A)

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