Micro PAVER Version 5.

User Manual

Released March 29, 2004

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2 Micro PAVER 5.2

 Micro PAVER 5.2
User Manual
US Army Corps of Engineers
Construction Engineering Research Laboratory

Dr. M.Y. Shahin, PAVER Principal Investigator

Dr. Simon Kim, Research Associate

Jeffrey A. Burkhalter, Research Associate

Kurt A. Keifer, Research Associate

Gregory A. Wilken, Research Assistant

Shauna K. Shepston, Research Assistant

Kevin A. Hoene, Research Assistant

Amir M. Moid, Research Assistant

Scott J. McDonald, Technical Specialist

Christina Eng, Research Assistant

Craig A. Louden, Research Assistant

US Army Corps of Engineers CERL

http://www.cecer.army.mil

http://www.cecer.army.mil/paver

Micro PAVER 5.2 3

Acknowledgments

The pavement management research and development of the PAVER system have been in
progress since the early 1970’s. These efforts have been sponsored and funded by several
agencies. Special thanks is due to the following agencies and their representatives who
supported and shared in the development efforts over the years:

> The US Air Force: Roy Almendarez, Jay Beam, Carl Borgwald, Don Brown, John
Duvall, Jim Greene, Wayne Hudson, Charles McCarol, Ed Miller, Michael Myers, Caren
Ouellete, William Peacock, Cliff Sanders, Michael Sawyer, Mark Schumaker, Mike
Womack, and Charles York.

> The US Army: Ali Achmar, Bill Borque, Dan Boyer, Gary Cox, Mike Dean, Mike
Flaherty, Ken Gregg, Jack Hinte, Bob Lubbert, Stan Nickell, Leo Price, Paul Styer, Bill
Taylor, and Bob Williams.

> The US Navy: Greg Cline, Vince Donnally, Mel Hironaka, Charlie Schiavino, Dean
Shabeldeen, and Harry Singh.

> The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA): Satish Agrawal, Fred Horn, Michel
Hovan, Rodney Joel, Xiaogong Lee, Wayne Marsey, Aston McLaughlin, Jack Scott, and
Dick Worch.

> The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA): Frank Botelho, Sonya Hill, Bob
Kelly, Ray McCormick, and Lewis Rodriguez.

> The American Public Works Association (APWA): Jim Ewing, Teresa Hon, Christine
Johnson, John MacMullen, Dennis Ross, and Dick Sullivan.

Special thanks is due to the Micro PAVER users who have participated for many years in the
annual Sponsor/User Group meetings and provided significant feedback for the continuous
development of the system. These members include Greg Belancio, Mike Black, Chuck
Calloway, Paul Clutts, Andy Doll, Judie Greeson, Mark Justice, Sabine Lundgren, Steve
McNeely, Rod Oshiro, Justin Rabidoux, Jeffrey Sabiel, Robert Vandertang, and Janpiet Verbeek.

4 Acknowledgments Micro PAVER 5.2

 Thanks is due to the CERL research team and University of Illinois Research Assistants who have
helped with Micro PAVER over the years: Lisa Beckberger, Margaret Broten, Jeff Burkhalter,
Abbas Butt, Mercedes Crovetti, Christina Eng, K. J. Feighan, Jim Hall, John Heflin, Rich
Hoffman, Kurt Keifer, Charles Kemper, Starr Kohn, Ruth Lehmann, Craig Louden, Scott
McDonald, Jeffrey Morton, Gary Nelson, Dixon O’brien, Mark Owens, B.J. Park, Mark Pitak,
Francine Rozanski, Jeff Schmidt, Judie Simpson, Carol Subick, Chad Stock, Chao-Ming Wang,
Jeanette Walther, Gregory Wilken, and Katie Zimmerman. Additional thanks are expressed to
University of Illinois faculty Sam Carpenter, Tom Chen, Mike Darter, and Ahmed Sameh.

Special thanks are due to the team at Intelligent Information Technologies (IIT) for system design
and programming: Arthur Baskin, Bill Nelson, Mark Brown, and Robert Reinke.

Thanks to the Ohio Department of Transportation, Office of Aviation for allowing us to attach their
Neil Armstrong and Mansfield databases as examples with the release of Micro PAVER 5.2.

Finally, and on behalf of the entire PAVER group, I would like express a special thanks in the
memory of John MacMullen of APWA whose support, feedback, and encouragement will be
greatly missed.

M. Y. Shahin
Micro PAVER Principal Investigator
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
ERDC-CERL

Micro PAVER 5.2 Acknowledgments 5

Disclaimer

This user manual is furnished by the United States Government and is accepted and used by the recipient with the
express understanding that the United States Government makes no warranties, expressed or implied, concerning
the accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, or suitability of any particular purpose of the information or the
data contained in this user manual or furnished in connection therewith, and the United States shall be under no
liability whatsoever to any person by reason of any use thereof. The user manual belongs to the United States
Government. Therefore, the recipient further agrees not to assert any proprietary rights therein or to represent
this user manual to anyone as other than a United States Government user manual.

6 Micro PAVER 5.2

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................. 4
Disclaimer .......................................................................................................................... 6
Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. 7
Recommended Hardware .............................................................................................. 13
Updating to Micro PAVER 5.2 ...................................................................................... 14
Micro PAVER 5.x Improvements .................................................................................. 15
Overview .......................................................................................................................... 17
Introduction to Micro PAVER ......................................................................................................... 17
PAVER Organization ...................................................................................................................... 17
Operating Features ......................................................................................................... 19
Basic PAVER Features ................................................................................................................... 19
Spreadsheet Forms ............................................................................................................. 19
Index Cards ....................................................................................................................... 20
Tab Tables .......................................................................................................................... 21
Printing Screen Images ........................................................................................................ 22
Units of Measurement ......................................................................................................... 22
Adjusting Table and Graph Sizes ......................................................................................... 22
EMS Tools in PAVER ..................................................................................................................... 23
Right Button Click on Tables ............................................................................................... 23
Right Button Click on Graphs .............................................................................................. 24
EMS Query Tool ................................................................................................................ 24
Using the EMS Query Tool ................................................................................................. 24
Report Viewer - Summary and Detail Options ..................................................................... 25
View Menu - Display Specific Report Information ............................................................... 26
Report Viewer Tables ......................................................................................................... 26
Exiting the Report Viewer ................................................................................................... 27
System Tables .................................................................................................................. 29
Define User Fields .......................................................................................................................... 29
NSORT - BSORT - SSORT .............................................................................................. 29
Additional User Fields ........................................................................................................ 30
Customize NSort, BSort, SSort Headings ........................................................................... 30
Inventory Pick Lists ........................................................................................................................ 31
M&R Plan Tables ........................................................................................................................... 31

Micro PAVER 5.2 Table of Contents 7

 Localized M&R .................................................................................................................. 32
Global M&R ...................................................................................................................... 32
Major M&R ....................................................................................................................... 32
M&R Cost by Condition .................................................................................................... 33
Budgets .............................................................................................................................. 34
Condition Tools .............................................................................................................................. 35
Select Condition Types ....................................................................................................... 35
Define Condition and Age Categories .................................................................................. 35
Define User Distress Indices ............................................................................................... 35
Misc. Other Tables ......................................................................................................................... 35
Aircraft Type ...................................................................................................................... 35
Materials ............................................................................................................................ 36
Layer Construct .................................................................................................................. 36
Unit of Measure (Field) Settings .......................................................................................... 36
Database Tools ................................................................................................................ 37
Combine/Subset Database .............................................................................................................. 37
Import / Export ............................................................................................................................... 38
5.2 Export Procedure ......................................................................................................... 38
5.2 Import Procedure ......................................................................................................... 39
Data Verification Tools .................................................................................................................... 41
Copy and Move Data ..................................................................................................................... 42
Edit Image Paths ............................................................................................................................. 43
Edit Image Path Example .................................................................................................... 43
GIS Tools.......................................................................................................................... 45
GIS Assignment Tool ...................................................................................................................... 45
What is the GIS Assignment tool? ....................................................................................... 45
Using the GIS Assignment selection tool .............................................................................. 45
GIS Assignment Tool Button Funcitons ................................................................................ 46
PAVER Shape File Converter ......................................................................................................... 49
Converting from PAVER 4.x to 5.2 ..................................................................................... 49
Shape File Conversion Procedure ....................................................................................... 49
Shape File Coordinate Shift ............................................................................................................ 49
Selectors ........................................................................................................................... 51
Navigating the Pavement Inventory.................................................................................................. 51
The Tree Selector ........................................................................................................................... 51
The Tab Selector ............................................................................................................................ 52
The GIS Selector ............................................................................................................................ 52
The Tree and GIS Selector ............................................................................................................. 53
Inventory .......................................................................................................................... 55
Definition ........................................................................................................................................ 55
Managing Pavement Inventory - Basic Operations ............................................................... 55
Creating a Network ............................................................................................................ 56
Creating Branches .............................................................................................................. 57
Creating Sections ................................................................................................................ 58
Conditions/Families ............................................................................................................. 60
EMS Image Viewer ........................................................................................................................ 61

8 Table of Contents Micro PAVER 5.2

 Store an Image ................................................................................................................... 61
Viewing Images .................................................................................................................. 62
Edit an Image ..................................................................................................................... 62
Other Image File Options .................................................................................................... 62
Additional Field Data (Traffic, Test, Work Data) .............................................................................. 62
Work ................................................................................................................................. 62
Traffic................................................................................................................................. 63
NDT and Test .................................................................................................................... 63
Inspection ......................................................................................................................... 65
PCI and Distress Indices ................................................................................................................. 65
Field Inspection - Basic Operations ..................................................................................... 65
Entering Inspection Dates and Samples ............................................................................... 65
Entering Inspection Information ........................................................................................... 67
For Maximum Speed - Keyboard Only............................................................................... 68
Batch Inspection Data Entry................................................................................................ 68
Calculating the PCI after Inspection ..................................................................................... 69
Other Conditions ............................................................................................................................ 69
Inspection Data Import (PAVER Database) ..................................................................................... 70
Inspection Schedule ........................................................................................................ 71
Inspection Schedule Report ............................................................................................................ 71
Open Saved Report ........................................................................................................................ 72
Family Assignment .......................................................................................................... 73
Change Family Assignments ............................................................................................................ 73
Reports ............................................................................................................................. 75
Summary Charts ............................................................................................................................. 75
Standard Reports ........................................................................................................................... 76
Re-Inspection Report ..................................................................................................................... 77
User-Defined Report ...................................................................................................................... 78
Create New Report ............................................................................................................ 79
Edit Current Report ............................................................................................................ 80
GIS Reports ................................................................................................................................... 80
Last PCI ............................................................................................................................ 80
General Info ....................................................................................................................... 81
Prediction Model ............................................................................................................. 83
Create and Maintain Prediction Models ........................................................................................... 83
Building Family Models ....................................................................................................... 83
Using the Prediction Model ................................................................................................. 83
Collect Model Data ............................................................................................................ 84
Review Model Data ............................................................................................................ 85
Use Boundary/Outlier ......................................................................................................... 85
Options .............................................................................................................................. 86
View Equation and Stats ..................................................................................................... 86
Assign Family ..................................................................................................................... 87
Other Condition Prediction Model Features ........................................................................ 87
Condition Analysis .......................................................................................................... 89
Condition Analysis Report ............................................................................................................... 89

Micro PAVER 5.2 Table of Contents 9

 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 89
Configuring the Condition Analysis Report ........................................................................... 89
Analyzing Pavements .......................................................................................................... 90
Other Views ....................................................................................................................... 91
Open Saved Report ........................................................................................................................ 92
M&R ................................................................................................................................. 93
M&R Plan ...................................................................................................................................... 93
Configuring the M&R Report .............................................................................................. 93
Tab 1 - Scope .................................................................................................................... 93
Tab 2 - Timing .................................................................................................................... 94
Tab 3 - Plan Mode ............................................................................................................. 94
Tab 4 - Policies and Costs .................................................................................................. 96
Analyzing M&R Activity ..................................................................................................... 98
Summary View Section ....................................................................................................... 98
Detail View Section ............................................................................................................ 99
Open Saved Report ...................................................................................................................... 100
Add-Ins ...........................................................................................................................101
Condition Data Import (ASCII) .................................................................................................... 101
Condition Data Import (Database) ................................................................................................ 102
Handheld Data Import .................................................................................................................. 102
Micro PAVER Inspection Data Entry Using a Windows CE Handheld Device .................... 102
Hardware/Software Requirements ......................................................................... 102
Software Installation ............................................................................................. 102
Basic Software Operation ................................................................................................. 103
Process Overview ................................................................................................ 103
Detailed Process ............................................................................................................... 104
Download Sections to Inspect ............................................................................... 104
Inspections Using the Handheld PCI Inspector ...................................................... 105
Backup Inspection Data ........................................................................................ 106
Import Backup Data into PAVER .......................................................................... 107
Appendix A .....................................................................................................................108
Inspection Information File Format (Standard and Extended Formats) ........................................... 108
Appendix B-1..................................................................................................................109
Video Inspection Import Data Format (ASCII Text) ..................................................................... 109
Appendix B-2.................................................................................................................. 113
Video Inspection Import Data Format (Access Database) ............................................................ 113
Appendix C ..................................................................................................................... 114
Abbreviations of Surface Types ..................................................................................................... 114
Appendix D ..................................................................................................................... 115
Pavement Data Exchange (PDE) Format ....................................................................................... 115
Appendix E .....................................................................................................................120
Example Pavement Survey Forms ................................................................................................. 120
Concrete Surfaced Roads and Parking Lots .................................................................................. 121
Asphalt Surfaced Roads and Parking Lots ..................................................................................... 122
Airfield Concrete Pavements ......................................................................................................... 123
Airfield Asphalt Pavements ............................................................................................................ 124

10 Table of Contents Micro PAVER 5.2

 Unsurfaced Roads ........................................................................................................................ 125
Deduct Values .............................................................................................................................. 126
Appendix F .....................................................................................................................127
Load & Climate Distresses ........................................................................................................... 127
Asphalt Surfaced Roads and Parking Lots ......................................................................... 127
Concrete Surfaced Roads and Parking Lots ...................................................................... 127
Asphalt Surfaced Airfields ................................................................................................. 128
Concrete Surfaced Airfields .............................................................................................. 129
Unsurfaced Roads ............................................................................................................ 129
Appendix G.....................................................................................................................130
Micro PAVER Network Installation .............................................................................................. 130
Appendix H .....................................................................................................................131
Computing Work Quantity from Distress Quantity ......................................................................... 131
Glossary .........................................................................................................................135
Index................................................................................................................................140

Micro PAVER 5.2 Table of Contents 11

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12 Micro PAVER 5.2

Recommended Hardware

Recommended Hardware
Fastest processor available, 900MHz or better
512MB RAM
MS Windows 98 or later

Micro PAVER 5.2 13

Updating to Micro PAVER 5.2

For Micro PAVER 4.x users, the conversion to Micro PAVER 5.2 is an easy procedure
Note
that can be split into a few simple tasks. These tasks include: importing e40 files into
When convert- PAVER, updating GIS coverages created in PAVER 4.x, and updating some of the
ing from system tables in PAVER 5.2.
version 4.x to
version 5.x, it is
recommended Updating the Database
to 1) Backup
the database The first step is to import the databases created in PAVER 4.x into PAVER 5.2. This
being imported, update is done using the same Import/Export tool that was featured in previous versions
and 2) Run the
verification of PAVER. For information on how to import the e40 files see 5.2 Import Procedure
tools on the on page 39.
imported
database in
version 5.x.
Updating the GIS coverage
Converting PAVER 4.2 coverages to 5.2 is a simple two step process. The first step is
to convert the coverage (*.cov) file to a shape file (*.shp) in ArcView. Once you have
the shape file, you must use the Shape File Converter located under the Add-Ins menu
in PAVER 5.2. For more information on the shape file conversion, see PAVER Shape
File Converter and Converting from 4.x to 5.2 on page 49.

Updating System Tables

In the conversion process between PAVER 4.x and 5.2, some of the system tables in
version 4.x do not import changes into PAVER 5.2. If changes or additions were made
to the tables in version 4.x you must re-enter the values. The tables that do not import
are: Materials, Unit of Measure (Field) Settings, and Inventory Pick Lists. These
tables can all be found under the Tables menu in PAVER 5.2. It is recommended that
you print out the tables in PAVER 4.x to make the data re-entry process faster. For
more information about the Inventory Pick List see page 31, and for more information
about the Materials and Unit of Measure (Field) Settings tables see page 36. All the
information is located in the System Tables chapter, pages 29-36.

14 Micro PAVER 5.2

Micro PAVER 5.x Improvements

Micro PAVER 5 has numerous improvements over its predecessor. The first area of improvement is in the
System Tables, which are used throughout Micro PAVER regardless of database. The second area of im-
provements is in the Visual Menu components, which, when used, are particular to specific databases. The
following list outlines many of the important improvements made to the program.

System Tables
Define User Fields > Additional User Fields: Allows the user to define user-specific fields.
M&R Plan Tables > Major M&R > Tab 5: This is a Priority Table that is a function of branch use and
section rank. Branch use priority and section rank priority are defined by tabs 3 and 4, respectively.
Condition Tools >
n Define Condition And Age Categories: This allows the user to define ranges for conditions
and ages to be used in all reports including summary charts and condition analysis.
n Select Condition Types: The user selects conditions that will be shown throughout Paver, i.e.
summary charts, condition analysis, etc.
n Define User Distress Indices: The user defines any distress index for any selected groups of
pavements. It is important to calculate the index for all sections--this can be a long process that may
take up to an hour.

Visual Menu
Selectors: Various selector functions are now available. The combination of Tree and GIS is used in the
Selection button on the PAVER Button Bar. Making a selection using any of the tools is reflected throughout
the system. The selection tools serve as a broadcast system.
Inventory > Copy and Move Data: Allows the user to move work history and inspection data among
inventory items.
Inventory > Definition > 3. Section Tab > Conditions/Families: Allows user to view the condition
and family assignment for any given section. This function is also available as a new tab on the
Inventory\Sections tab.

Micro PAVER 5.2 15

Reports: There are two new options for reports.
• Flexible Report: Allows the user to select what columns are used in the report. Select
Create New Report to select what columns are included in the report. To choose the columns,
highlight the table from the tree with the desired columns. Then select the desired column
from the left-hand-side window and move it to the right-hand-side window.
• GIS Reports: These provide inventory and PCI data reports.
Condition Analysis > Condition Analysis Report: Part of the output includes GIS views.
M&R >
n M&R Plan: On the Plan Mode tab, the user selects either Determine Budget Consequence
(identical to Micro PAVER 4.2) or Determine Budget Requirements (new feature).
• The budget requirement feature allows the user to eliminate backlog in the number of
years specified for the plan. The number of years is specified under the Timing tab. This
is used by clicking the Backlog elimination in X years option.
• The budget requirement feature can also determine the budget required to maintain the
current PCI or achieve a desirable PCI in the number of years for the plan. This is used
by clicking the Condition Stabilization option.
n Policies and Costs
• The user can apply localized policies in the first year as in Micro PAVER 4.2
• Or you can simply use M&R cost by condition for all years (new). The user may select
the major M&R start year and when the user selects a date for major M&R later than
the plan start year, you can also select to show the backlog during the time as well. This
feature is useful in determining the consequence of no major M&R for a specified time
period.

There are also many reporting improvements located throughout the system. Some final things to note: For
added convenience, Micro PAVER 5 allows the docking of windows. This is accomplished by right clicking the
diamond icon on the window desired to be docked. Another added feature is on the PCI Inspection form.
When you right click on a distress, the distress manual and a description of the distress along with images
appear.

16 Micro PAVER 5.2

Overview

Introduction to Micro PAVER

Micro PAVER 5.2 for Windows (herein referred to as PAVER) is an automated

pavement management system (PMS). It is a decision making tool for the development
of cost effective maintenance and repair alternatives for roads and streets, parking lots,
and airfields. PAVER provides you with many important capabilities, including:
- Pavement network inventory
- Pavement condition rating
- Development of pavement condition deterioration models (Family Curves)
- Determination of present and future pavement condition (Condition Analysis)
- Determination of maintenance and repair (M&R) needs and analyzing the conse-
quence of different budget scenarios (Work Planning)

PAVER Organization

The main features of PAVER are accessible from nine buttons arrayed across the top of
Note
the PAVER Desktop. The buttons have been arranged to reflect the logical sequence of
The nine pavement management. They initiate the most frequently used features in PAVER.
buttons on the Additional features are accessed through the Visual Menu.
PAVER Button
Bar are ar- This button array is referred to as the PAVER Button Bar. By clicking one of the
ranged to reflect buttons, you launch one of ten principal PAVER components. These components are:
the logical
sequence of Inventory Data (Inventory) Inventory data entry and summary charts
pavement
management. Work Information (Work) Work required and work history
PCI Inspections (PCI) Field inspection data entry
Reports PAVER reports and summary charts
Prediction Models (Pred. Modeling) Build and assign condition prediction models

Micro PAVER 5.2 Overview 17

 Condition Analysis (Cond. Analysis) Condition analysis report
M&R Plan Maintenance and repair planning report
Selection Pavement selector using GIS
Visual Menu A detailed menu with all PAVER options
Like other Windows programs, additional program features are accessed from the drop
down menus located above the PAVER Button Bar. The PAVER Menu provides
standard Windows features such as file and print services (File New, File Open, File
Combine/Split, Print, Printer Setup and Exit), editing (Cut, Copy and Paste), and
Windows management and help.
The PAVER Menu also provides specialized PAVER options for accessing and editing
system tables (Tables) as well as changing the units of measure from English to Metric
(Preferences).

PAVER Button
Bar

18 Overview Micro PAVER 5.2

Operating Features

Basic PAVER Features

PAVER introduces several new Engineered Management System (EMS) tools:

EMS Query, Report Viewer, Right Button Click on Tables, and Right Button
Click on Graphs. The PAVER program is designed using commercial Windows com-
ponents and the user interface follows standard Windows protocols. Familiarity with
basic Windows user skills is assumed in the design of the program, the preparation of
program documentation, and the design of the help system.
Several specialized custom tools are featured in PAVER. These tools are Windows
consistent and after a brief introduction, will enhance your use of PAVER. These tools
are also being made available to developers of other EMSs. Consequently, the features
you learn to use in PAVER will be of use in other EMS systems.

Spreadsheet Forms
The basic form for editing and viewing data in PAVER is a table that operates like a
spreadsheet. In some instances, these forms are used only to present data and the values
displayed cannot be edited. On other occasions, you are able to edit the data or add
new lines to the table.
As with other tools, highlighting the spreadsheet and right clicking invokes a menu of
spreadsheet tools. Depending on the context, some of the right button click features may
not be available. Inactive features are listed in the menu as light gray, while active features
have a darker color. The basic right button click spreadsheet features allow table zoom,
table layout customizing, add/edit/delete record, search, import/export, print table, and
graph options.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Operating Features 19

 Spreadsheet
form

Index Cards
Index-style data entry windows are used in several forms by PAVER: Inventory,
Prediction Modeling, Condition Analysis, M&R Planning, and EMS Query. The
index-style windows place data entry fields on multiple forms that look and operate like
paper index cards. Therefore, if the PAVER form you are using has an index card style
interface, you may switch between multiple cards without opening or closing additional
windows.
When a window containing index-style data cards first opens, one of the form’s index
cards is the initial active card. Each index card form includes a tab with a descriptive title.
When the index card is active, the contents of the card are visible and can be edited.
Only the tab portion of non-selected index cards is visible. Typically, the selected index
Note
card and its table is highlighted with a brighter background color. The non-selected index
Changes made card tabs are darker. Colors vary depending on the Windows color scheme you have
on the index selected.
data cards are
made real-time. To change the active index card, use the mouse to point to an inactive index card title and
PAVER auto- left click. The selected card becomes the active card and the previously active card
matically saves becomes inactive. You can now edit or add entries to the fields on the active index card.
any changes
the user
After editing is complete, click the close button on the form or use the Windows close
makes. form menu. Your data is saved to the database in real time as you make your edits. This
means there is no action required to save your changes.

20 Operating Features Micro PAVER 5.2

Click on tab for
access to card

Edit fields on
active card

Tab Tables
PAVER Tab (tabular) Tables are spreadsheet-like tables used in PAVER to display
and edit system configuration information. The Tab Tables are accessed from the
Tables menu option. Tab Tables look and operate like spreadsheets. Right button
click features are used to print, zoom and configure the tables. Buttons on the bottom of
the tab form are used to add and delete records.
There are two types of Tab Tables, basic (Independent) and linked (Dependent).
The basic table operates like a standard spreadsheet except that data input into the table
is controlled by the series of buttons (Close, Add and Delete) that are arrayed along the
bottom of the Tab Table forms. Clicking the Add button inserts a new record into the
table, which can then be edited. The Delete button is used to remove the highlighted
record in the table. The mouse or arrow keys are used to move up and down the rows
and across columns in the active Tab Table. The active record in the table can be
edited. The Close button is used to close the Tab Table.
The second type of Tab Table is a linked table. The linked table uses the records of a
basic table or tables as the basis for its data entry. The linked table is referred to as the
child, or dependent table, and the basic table is the parent (Independent) table. For
example, the work type cost table uses three work type tables: localized, global and
major as the basis for its entries. Therefore, when you add a record to the work type
cost table (a linked table), you click the Add button and get a pick list of possible values
to add. The table is formed from the entries in the linked table’s parent table(s) (local-
ized, global, and major M&R tables in this case).
Linked tables help PAVER enforce consistency in its data tables. For example, if the
work type cost table was not linked to the M&R tables it, would be possible to develop
costs for M&R procedures that were not even defined. This type of inconsistency, if it
occurred, can damage the accuracy of analysis routines like the Work Plan.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Operating Features 21

 Printing Screen Images
Printing in PAVER is accomplished in one of three ways. First, the standard PAVER
reports include specialized forms for printing reports (see the Standard Reports sec-
tion). The PAVER right button click on tables or graphs tool provides a method of
printing tables or graphs. In certain situations, you may wish to print the contents of a
screen as it appears, which can include multiple tables, graphs or other data entry forms.
To print the image on your screen, select File from the PAVER Menu and then Print
from the File sub-menu. In some instances you will note that the Print option is not
available to select from the File sub-menu. This means that there is currently no printable
object on the PAVER Desktop.
After selecting Print, the print dialog box appears on your screen. The form contains a
drop list labeled Print What. Open the drop list and select Form Image. Click the OK
button to send a print of the active PAVER window to the printer. You may use the
Printer Setup dialog window to select an alternate printer if you have access to multiple
printers. After you have printed the form image, the print dialog window closes and you
Note
return to the PAVER window that was active when you selected the Print option.
Each time that Graphs in PAVER can be printed in either black and white or color. The default setting in
you wish to PAVER is black and white printing for graphs. To choose color printing, right button click
print a graph in
color, you must on the graph and select Toolbar. On the toolbar click the System button. Under Print-
select color ing, change the selection from Mono to Color and click OK.
using the
System button
on the graph
Toolbar. Units of Measurement
To change units from English to metric, go to the Preferences selection on the PAVER
Menu located above the PAVER Button Bar. Click once on Preferences and then
select Metric Units from the Preferences sub-menu. Rounding error is not introduced
into stored data values if repeated changes between English and metric units occur,
because all measurement values in PAVER are stored as metric values. Changing the
setting in Preferences changes the filters that are used for presenting data on PAVER
screens and reports. To ensure that the display properly reflects the unit change, it is best
to close all data entry and report screens before switching preferences.

Adjusting Table and Graph Sizes

Tables and graphs automatically re-size to the available space on your computer display.
As the number of active tables increases, the number of lines allocated to each table
reduces. If a table is associated with a graph, the table and the graph share the horizontal
space that is allocated to the table. You can adjust the space allocated between a table
and its associated graph by pointing to the vertical bar that separates a table from its
graph and then, while pressing the left mouse button, drag the separator bar to the right or
left. You cannot manually increase or reduce the vertical space allocated to a table in the
Report Viewer. If you want to increase the vertical space available for a table you must
close one of the other Report Viewer tables. You may use the zoom function on active
tables with the right button click tool for a temporary larger presentation of a table or a
graph.
22 Operating Features Micro PAVER 5.2
EMS Tools in PAVER

Right Button Click on Tables

Whenever possible, information in PAVER is presented in tables. These tables are used
to input, edit, and review reports (EMS Report Viewer and Reports). The tables in
PAVER are equipped with several features that enhance the capabilities of the PAVER
system. These features include:
- Table printing
- Exporting the table to Excel
- Changing the formatting of the table
- Zooming on the table
- Adding or removing fields
- Sorting the table
To access the extended table features you must first make the spreadsheet table active,
by clicking on the table. Once the table is active and the mouse pointer is over any
portion of the table, right click to invoke the menu of extended table features. Select
items from the right button click menu by pointing to the menu item and left clicking.
In addition to the right button click table features, column widths can be reduced or
enlarged when a table is active. To change column width, point to the vertical line posi-
tioned between the columns. When the mouse pointing indicator changes from the large
arrow to the small double arrow icon, click and drag the column border to the desired
size.

Right Button
Click menu

Micro PAVER 5.2 Operating Features 23

 Right Button Click on Graphs
PAVER graphs can be printed, customized and zoomed in the same manner as PAVER
tables. To view a PAVER graph, make the graph active by clicking on the graph. While
the graph is active and the mouse pointer is anywhere on the graph right click to invoke
the graph menu. Select items from the graph feature menu which is accessible with a right
button click.
You can customize the look of PAVER graphs on the fly by using the EMS right button
click tools. The graph Zoom feature enlarges the graph to the full extent of the window in
which the graph is located. From the zoomed graph window, you can copy the graph to
the clipboard to later paste into spreadsheets, presentation programs or other Windows
applications. To return to the original window, right click on the zoomed graph and select
Unzoom.
Toolbar invokes a graph editor (Graph Control) that allows you to customize graph
type and presentation. For example, you may change the graph type from a two dimen-
sional bar graph to a three-dimensional pie chart. The Save Layout feature saves the
current graph configuration so that on subsequent visits to the current graph it will retain
the graph properties you specify using the Toolbar. The final graph feature, Print, allows
you to print your graph to a Windows printer.

Right Button
Click menu

EMS Query Tool

The EMS Query Tool is used in several places in PAVER to select a subset of pave-
ment sections to use in reports and data modeling. The query tool can also be used to
specify the sorting order of data. Selection and sorting criteria specifications can be
stored and retrieved by name in the Stored Criteria box. The query tool also reports
the record count (number of sections selected), as filtering queries are built.

Using the EMS Query Tool

Filter criteria are entered using the drop boxes arrayed across the query form. Fields are
entered from left to right and top to bottom. As you enter query information, only the
next field will be highlighted for user selection. For example, use the first entry in the
Field column to select Surface. Once you have selected Surface, the Comparison field
is highlighted. After selecting a query field and the comparison evaluator (=, >, <, >=,
<=, <>), the Compare To field becomes active. The drop list on the Compare To field
lists the available choices in the database for the selection you made in the Field column.

24 Operating Features Micro PAVER 5.2

 Note
After you make a selection in the Compare To field, the record count indicator will
change as the query you are building is applied to the database in real time.
Clicking the
Record Count
The first column on the query form contains the query statement operators (And, Or).
checkbox These operators are used to join the individual query statements. To see the Structured
shows real time Query Language (SQL) query that you have built with the query tool, click the View
updates of how Text button at the bottom of the screen. The Clear All button removes all selection
many pavement
sections are
criteria on the screen. Click the Save button on the EMS Query Tool to save a set of
currently report criteria.
selected by the
query tool. The AND/OR operators require some additional clarification. For example, if the user
wants to include pavement sections constructed with asphalt and concrete then the
correct operator is OR. The query will return any sections that fit either of the conditions.
However, the AND operator only returns sections that fit all of the listed conditions. For
example, selecting asphalt surfaces and branch use equal to parking lots with the AND
operator returns only asphalt parking lots. Using AND with the first example will return
nothing, since it is impossible for a section to be both asphalt and concrete surfaced.

Store query
criteria

Indicates
number of
included
sections
Select query
criteria

Report Viewer - Summary and Detail Options

The PAVER analysis reports: Condition Analysis Report, and the M&R Report are
presented in the EMS Report Viewer. The EMS Report Viewer is a tool that pro-
vides a framework for displaying multiple spreadsheet-like tables that contain report
information. The spreadsheets in the Report Viewer can be associated with graphs that
operate in conjunction with the spreadsheet tables. The Report Viewer organizes the
presentation of report results in two basic views, the summary view and the detail view.
The summary view includes high level views of summarized report data. The detail
version of the report includes section by section details that are covered in the summary
version of the reports. To switch from between the Summary and Detail views, click on
the Go to Detail/Summary button.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Operating Features 25

 Note View Menu - Display Specific Report Information
The Report Viewer includes a View option that is used to open and close the various
When selecting
and deselecting spreadsheet views of the report data. You may use the View in the Report Viewer
several different window to configure the report viewer so that it presents only the information you wish to
report views, view. The default presentation of the Report Viewer is the summary version. To turn off
AutoRefresh
one of the summary tables (and its associated graph), select View from the Report
can be dese-
lected so that Viewer window, Summary from the View sub-menu and then select the table which you
PAVER won’t want to turn off. Tables or graphs which are active in the current report view have a
redraw the check mark to the left of the table or graph name.
graphs until the
user re-selects Under the Detail sub-menu, Plan Parameters opens a table displaying the parameters
the option. that were used to configure the current report. This is convenient for checking the
settings you requested when you ran the report without having to leave and rerun the
report.

View Menu

Select tables
and graphs to
display

Note

Although the
View button
appears grey, it
is always
active.

Report Viewer Tables

The spreadsheet tables in the report viewer are standard PAVER tables and support the
right button click on tables features. When an EMS Report Viewer report (I.E. Condi-
tion Analysis or M&R Work Plan) is displayed the tables are made active with a left
click.
Spreadsheets in the Report Viewer can be associated with graphs. These graphs are
implemented in two different ways. The first type associates a graph directly with a single
row, the active or highlighted row, of the table. In this case, as the user changes the
active row in the spreadsheet, the graph dynamically adjusts so that the graph reflects the
active row in the spreadsheet.

26 Operating Features Micro PAVER 5.2

 The second type of graph association is as an overlay on an existing graph. For example,
in the Condition Analysis Report, a table showing combined section condition history
and projections is linked to a graph that plots the condition over time. This graph can
further be overlaid with a plot of the family curve assigned to the section. As elsewhere in
the program, graphs in the Report Viewer can be zoomed, printed or configured with
the right button click on graphs feature.

Exiting the Report Viewer

When you have completed reviewing a Report Viewer report, close the report by
closing the Report Viewer window. Click on the Close button in the top right corner of
the Report Viewer window. Windows users may also use the mouse to select the close
Window symbol (X) located in the upper right corner of the window.
After you close a report, you are prompted to save the report. If you choose to save the
report, a file dialog box window is presented so that you can name the report to be
saved. Note: Each report type has its own unique file extension: Condition analysis
reports are .rpc files and M&R Work Planning reports have .rpw extensions. These
extensions should be maintained when you name a report file.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Operating Features 27

 [ PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK]

28 Micro PAVER 5.2

System Tables

Define User Fields

The PAVER system is designed so that you may assign user defined fields to each level of
the inventory (network, branch, and section.) The advantage of this capability is that
PAVER allows you to sort the database at any level according to criteria that you have
defined. This is helpful if you want to select certain networks, branches, or sections for
reports or work plans. There are two types of user defined fields. SORT fields are
designed to be pick list fields, requiring you to select among a predefined set of choices.
Additional User Fields require the user to enter data.

NSORT - BSORT - SSORT

At each level of the Inventory hierarchy (network, branch, and section), PAVER allows
Note
you to create three SORTs. Under the main menu, select Tables...Define User
To change the Fields...SORT for the desired level of inventory. Enter data by clicking on the field you
default name wish to edit. The entries for Name should be short and easily recognizable since these
given on a SORT
will be displayed in PAVER as the options presented in the picklist for the SORT field.
tab, see Custom-
ize NSort, The Description entry should indicate the complete name. Click Add to add more
BSort, SSort entries for the sort, and click Delete to delete the selected entry. The selected entry is
Headings. indicated by an arrow in the left margin. To assign criteria for the other two SORTs,
click on their corresponding tabs.

Sample entries for

SSORT by intersec-
tion type

Micro PAVER 5.2 System Tables 29

 Additional User Fields
This section allows you to create user-defined fields in which you may enter data. From
the PAVER main menu, select Tables...Define User Fields...Additional User Fields.
To create a new field, first select the desired inventory level and click on New. A second
window appears. You need to supply the following information:
- Field Name - The entry for this is displayed as the Additional User Field name when
using this capability in PAVER.
- Type - Designate what kind of data is to be put into the field: Yes/No, Currency, Date,
Integer, Text, etc. When you use the Additional User Field in PAVER, you are only
able to enter data of the Type you specify.
To edit the Type of an already existing entry, select it from the list of User Fields and
click on Edit. To copy the field, click on Copy and assign a new name for the field.
Name of user Delete deletes the selected field, and Rename allows you edit the Field Name.
defined field

Select Inven-
tory level

Type of data to
be input in field

Customize NSort, BSort, SSort Headings

This window allows you to set the values for the User Name (the name displayed in
PAVER) and the User Width (the size of the field) for selected preset fields in PAVER.
The first two fields, Table Name and Field Name, are displayed in italics and cannot
be edited.

Table Name
and Field
Name cannot
be edited

30 System Tables Micro PAVER 5.2

Inventory Pick Lists

Note
This window displays seven tabs that provide editing access to a group of "pick lists"
within PAVER. All of these tabs allow you to add items to the current list. In some
On the Section cases, existing table data is considered to be default and cannot be deleted. In most
Ranks tab, you areas, PAVER will direct the process of data input to conform to the necessary PAVER
are not able to
add entries or
database formatting. Some fields allow you to enter any text value, while other fields
edit the already produce a prompt to the user to select an option from a list that is displayed. Examples
existing section of using this window are:
rank names.
- Customizing Zone names
- Naming a new Surface Type
- Adjusting M&R Priorities for different Rankings.

To edit a pick
list, click on a
tab

Edit entries for

Section Ranks
pick list here

Clicking Add adds a new record to the table. Before clicking Delete, first highlight the
desired record by clicking on the box at the left of the record. PAVER asks you to
confirm every Delete action.

M&R Plan Tables

All tables found under this category are tables that PAVER uses when executing the
M&R plan. Like previous tables, most of these tables allow you to add items and delete
non-default items. To edit a cell in the table, click on the cell you wish to edit and enter
the new value. Once changes are made, they are automatically saved to the system. A
brief description of each table follows.

Micro PAVER 5.2 System Tables 31

 Note
Localized M&R
- Work Types: A listing of all work types classified as localized repairs.
For more
information on - Distress Maintenance Policies: You can define separate tables and group different
M&R Work
localized work types for different maintenance scenarios.
Plan execution,
see page 85. - Work Type Cost Tables: You can create different cost tables to correspond with
different jobs or regions. There must be a cost entered for all work types listed.
- Consequence of Maintenance Policy: For every work type listed in the localized
category, there is an associated table here. Each table consists of a list of all distresses
related to this work type and the resulting distress produced as a result of performing this
type of work. This assists the Work Plan in predicting future PCI's.

Cost scenarios
for Localized
work

All Localized
Work Types
are listed here

Global M&R
- Work Types: This is a listing of all work types considered Global. This includes M&R
work applied over a larger area of pavement. Other data included in this table is the
Application Interval that work would be reapplied and the Delta Age, or change in
age, of the pavement. This "Delta" is defined as the time (in years) it would take for the
condition of the pavement to return to where it was prior to application of the global
treatment. Again, the M&R Plan uses these numbers when predicting condition.
- Cost: This is similar to Localized. The user can create different cost tables depending
on the scenario.

Major M&R
- Work Types: All work types considered to be major are listed here.
- Work Type Cost Tables: All costs associated with Major M&R work types are
listed here.
- Branch Use Priority: The user has the ability to assign a priority to pavements based
on their declared usage. This priority is considered during M&R Plan execution and
determines how limited funds are spent.

32 System Tables Micro PAVER 5.2

 - Section Rank Priority: The user may assign a priority to pavements based on section
rank.
- Priority Table: This is a priority matrix based on Branch Use Priority and Section
Ranking. The lower the number, the higher the priority.
- Minimum Condition: This table allows the user to set the Minimum Condition or
critical PCI. A critical PCI (or Minimum Condition) is set for the combination of each
Branch Use, Section Rank, and Year combination.

Select priority
for Major M&R
for each
Branch Use

M&R Cost by Condition

This window allows the user to create cost tables for different scenarios. Costs are
grouped into four categories:
- Local: These costs refer to localized repair work triggered in the M&R Plan in the
"Policy > Critical" section.
- Stop Gap M&R: These are localized repair costs triggered in the "Policy < Critical"
- M&R Airfields: This is a cost list of major M&R work done on all pavements that fall
into the "Airfields" category.
- M&R Roadways: These are costs associated with major work done on all pavements
classified as "non-airfield", such as roads, parking lots, etc.
For the above cost tables, the costs are for doing work "by condition". Enter an estimate
on the pavements based on a range of conditions from 0 to 100 by increments of 10.
The unit cost to perform work are generally less for a pavement with a better condition.
However, you can create tables and customize them in a way that reflects the actual cost
of doing work. The M&R Plan uses these figures to calculate budgets for all years
beyond the first. Click on New Table and enter a name for your cost by condition
scenario. Click on any cell you wish to edit and type in the new value.

Micro PAVER 5.2 System Tables 33

 Cost per
square foot for
major M&R
done on
roadways with
PCI of 0 to 9

Hint
Budgets
Here, you can create tables to specify a budget for each year. When running the Work
You can create
a budget of Plan, you can select from a list of budgets. To create your own budget, click on New
$10,000/Year Table. You are given the option of copying the budget that is displayed. When creating
and use the a new table, select the copy option to save time entering data if most values are the same.
Budget multi-
Enter Year and budget Amount information. By placing actual budget numbers in a
plier feature in
the M&R Work budget table, you can restrict the spending of the work plan to a specific budget. Creat-
Plan. ing different budget tables also allows you to compare the results of different Work Plan
scenarios.

All budgets in
your system
are listed here

Enter a budget
amount for
each year

34 System Tables Micro PAVER 5.2

Condition Tools

Select Condition Types

To make condition types available for use in PAVER, they must be declared in this
window. Condition types will be classified as Numeric or Textual. You may declare
Minimum and Maximum Values for Numeric Condition Types. To make a condi-
tion available for use in PAVER choose "yes" in the Selected column. If you would like
to keep the condition data in the table for future use but do not wish to make it acces-
sible, a "no" in the Selected field hides the condition from the program.

Define Condition and Age Categories

The user may establish a set of categories for each condition available in PAVER. The
table for each set of condition categories consists of a name for the category (i.e. "Good",
"Poor", etc), a high and low value to establish the range for the category, and associated
colors for each category to be used in the graph and GIS text. The Age Categories tab
is simply a table of age brackets by which you can group pavements. These tables are
used in the graphical display of condition information throughout PAVER.

Define User Distress Indices

New
You have the option to create a user defined index. These indices are computed with the
same engine that PAVER uses to calculate the PCI, so the index is a customized PCI.
You may now After naming the index, select every distress and severity level that is to be included in the
create your own computation. At this point, PAVER then uses deduct values from only the specific
condition index
based on your
distresses indicated. Other distresses are ignored for this index. After naming the index
selection of and selecting the applicable distresses, this distress appears on the Numeric Condition
distresses. Types tab of the Condition Type Selection table. The only way to delete the newly
created index is to return to the User Defined Distress Indices table.

Misc. Other Tables

There are four tables here that allow you to enter specific information into PAVER:
Aircraft Type
This table holds information on a variety of aircraft and will be used in later versions of
PAVER to catalog airfield traffic and its effect on pavement condition.

Micro PAVER 5.2 System Tables 35

 Materials
This table is a list of all material types, with Item number and Description, that are
available for selection within PAVER. These are used in the Work section of PAVER,
where you can list the specifics of work that has been performed, including the type of
material used. You can add any material types to this list by entering an Item and De-
scription.

Layer Construct
This table contains information on different work types associated with base preparation.
In order to enter a line item of work specifically for base course, establish the work type
in the Layer Construct table. The information on these lists is accessible from Work,
under the History tab.

Unit of Measure (Field) Settings

Here, select a particular unit from a pick list to be associated with measurements used
within PAVER.

36 System Tables Micro PAVER 5.2

Database Tools

Combine/Subset Database
The Combine/Subset option enables the user to combine multiple databases, or data-
base segments, into a single database or separate databases into multiple segments. This
tool is located in the external 5.2 Database Tools, which can only be run when PAVER
5.2 is closed. The Combine option is also useful for making a copy of a database to
protect an original.
Note
The Combine/Subset form has four components: source file selection, destination file
It is recom- specification, selection criteria and processing status. Click the Select button associated
mended that you with the large file selection list window labeled Source to identify the file(s) to be com-
utilize a scratch bined, split, or copied. To combine databases you need to select two or more files.
file (a temporary
working file) as
Select only one file if you are subsetting or copying a file. Specify the target for the
the destination combined or subset database by clicking the Select button associated with the window
for all Combine/ labeled Destination. Enter a new file name for the database that you are creating.
Subset opera-
tions. The Selection Criteria button invokes the EMS Query Tool to filter the source data-
bases. For example, you can combine several databases choosing to select only those
sections from the source databases that have surface type equal to AC and rank equal to
P (primary). Note that the selection criteria you specify depends on the values in the first
source database you select for the combine operation. For example, if the first database
you select has no AC pavements, the EMS Query Tool can not be set to select AC as

Select source
database(s)

Select a file
name for the
new database

Run Combine/
Subset procedure

Micro PAVER 5.2 Database Tools 37

 the filter for surface type.
The Execute button launches the Combine/Subset operation. The processing status
area of the screen monitors the progress of your operation and posts the results. Once
complete, click Exit to close the Combine/Subset form and return to the PAVER
desktop. Use the File/Open option from the PAVER Menu to select the newly com-
bined, subset, or copied database.

Import / Export
Note
The Import/Export utilities, also located in the external 5.2 Database Tools, are used to
PAVER 5.1
exchange data between different computers running PAVER version 5.2. The database
Import also
imports export sender uses PAVER 5.2 Export to create a single file with the extension “e50” - to
files created by signify "export, version 5.0" that can be brought into another PAVER system using
4.x versions of PAVER 5.2 Import. The receiver uses PAVER 5.2 Import to transform a single file
PAVER (e40
(with the extension “e50”) prepared with the PAVER 5.2 Export program, to a working
files).
pavement database in their PAVER system. This e50 file is a compilation of three sepa-
rate files required to open a PAVER database. Once in the system of the receiver, the
database can be opened.

5.2 Export Procedure

The 5.2 Export window is divided into three sections: Options, File Selection, and
Working Status. Export files can contain different combinations of pavement data and
common data. Pavement data is accessed from the Inventory, Field Inspection and
Field Data areas of the PAVER program. Common data is accessed from the Tables
menu. The contents of the Export file are determined by the selection of one of three
options that are located at the top of the Export form. A description of each Export
Option follows.
- Export pavement database and associated family - This creates an exported file
that contains all the pavement data for the selected database and the family modeling
information for any families assigned to the pavement sections within the selected data-
base.
- Export pavement data and all family - This extends the first option by adding all
family models to the export file, even if they are not currently assigned to any of the
exported sections. You must designate a database to export.
- Export system tables - This option includes all the common PAVER data contained
in the Tables menu. No pavement data is exported if only option three is selected.
Configure the 5.2 Export file by selecting the check box next to the appropriate option.
As you configure your export file, consider that the system importing the file that you are
creating imports all the information in the export file unless the importing user takes

38 Database Tools Micro PAVER 5.2

 special steps not to overwrite existing files. If you specify that an export file includes all
system files, the person importing your file will replace their system files with the system
files that you have exported.
If you have selected the first or second options, you must specify the pavement database
to export. You may do this by clicking the Browse button in the File Selection area for
Pavement file to export. The export file that is created will be located as indicated by the
Export path and file name selection.
When these steps are complete, click the Export button located on the lower left portion
of the export window. The Working Status portion of the export window displays the
progress of the export process and indicates the completion of the export file. You may
reconfigure the export options to create another export file or click the Exit button to

Configure
export options

Select data-
base to export

Begin export
procedure

leave 5.2 Export.

5.2 Import Procedure
The 5.2 Import screen is divided into three sections, File Selection, Options and
Working Status. In File Selection, click the Browse button for Import file name to
specify the file to be imported. These include files with the formats e50 as well as e40.
Select the type of file, e50 or e40, that you would like to import. Select the file. A
second Browse button is associated with the Import path. The Import path refers to
the location and name you wish to assign to the pavement data that is to be imported.
When you identify an e50 file for a database under the Import file name selection, the
default name for the database is placed in the Import path box. Clicking the Browse
button associated with the Import path opens the Open/Create Pavement
Subdirectory form. You can edit this form to change the default selection. The form
shows the default path to your pavement databases and provides a pick list of your
existing pavement databases. You can select an existing database (in which case the data
you are importing overwrites the existing database) or type in a new name, and the import

Micro PAVER 5.2 Database Tools 39

 file is be copied to this new name.
The Options portion of the 5.2 Import window shows the data included in the import
file. These items are not user adjustable. If the first check box, Import pavement
database and associated family, is checked, the import file includes only pavement
data and the families that are assigned to those pavements. Unless you already have a
pavement database with the same name as the imported database, none of your current
data will be overwritten when you import this data.
Unlike the first option, Import pavement data and all family and Import system
tables overwrites a portion or all of your PAVER system tables. The PAVER system
tables are the data contained in the various data tables that are used to configure your
work plan report, data entry pick lists, units and family models. Unless you wish to
replace your current system tables with the system tables from another PAVER system,
do not import them.
Clicking on the Import button launches the import routine. If the import routine does not
cause any existing data to be overwritten, the import procedure will proceed uninter-
rupted. If the import routine is configured such that it will overwrite existing data (either
pavement data or system data) a Windows message box appears and presents you with
three options: Abort to skip this file, Retry to overwrite the current file, and Ignore to
overwrite all files. Select the appropriate choice.
When the import procedure is completed the PAVER status window shows a “Done”
message. Click the Exit button to leave the 5.2 Import Window. The data you im-
ported can be opened by choosing File... Open from the PAVER Menu. Select the
imported database from the list of available PAVER databases.

Select e40/e50
file to import

Configure
import options

Begin import
process

40 Database Tools Micro PAVER 5.2

Data Verification Tools

The Database Verification Tools are a good place to start when encountering errors.
They are now available as an Inventory option in the Visual Menu. Each checkbox
represents a separate segment of the verification process. They are as follows:
- Remove duplicate section data – Ensures only one family model is assigned to a
section, and corrects duplicate entries in extension records for user-defined fields.
Specify how PAVER deals with sections that are assigned to multiple families by checking
the “Family Assignment” checkbox to the right.
- Verify section construction history - Ensures that the LCD (Last Construction
Date) agrees with data in the Work History table.
- Verify /reset latest inspection indicators - Ensures data matches last inspection
data.
- Verify distresses and recalculate conditions for all sections -Ensures there are no
unidentifiable distresses or zero quantity distress information and recalculates the PCI.
- Verify duplicate Major M&R - Ensures no two records have Major M&R activity
listed for the same date in the Work History tab
- Verify work [required/history] descriptions -Ensures all data in drop down lists is
valid data.
- Verify inspection samples and cached inventory data- Ensures that all sample
units either have distresses or are marked “inspected but no distreses”. Checks that a
valid set of inventory properties exists.
- Report sections with missing data for PCI calculation - Reports all sections where
the required data is missing for the PCI calculation.

A table of
Exceptions is
created

Micro PAVER 5.2 Database Tools 41

 - Report missing system table information - Lists branches, sections and inspections
that contain data that is missing from system tables. The list can be printed the table,
sorted or exported to Microsoft Excel. To export, click with the right mouse button on
the table to access these options. The Print button at the bottom of the window prints
the table directly.

Copy and Move Data

The Copy and Move Data tool is now available under Inventory in the Visual Menu.
First, select the inventory item you wish to move or copy under Source. Then, select the
Destination for the inventory item you wish to move or copy. Move relocates the item
to the specified location, while Copy leaves the original in its location and place a copy in
the specified destination. The Move and Copy buttons remain "grayed out" until an
acceptable combination of source and destination locations are chosen. For example,
you cannot move a network into a section. All data movement is restricted within the
open database. To move data items between databases, you will have to combine
databases using Combine/Subset Database described in Database Tools-Combine/
Subset Database on page 29. After two databases have been combined, move or
copy the data items and split the database back into its original components.
The Copy and Move Data utility also allows you to delete and rename items by high-
lighting the appropriate item and clicking Delete or Rename under the Source side.
Also, you can use the EMS Query Tool to eliminate any data you do not want to view
by selecting Subset from the View box and clicking on Select. The Generate Selec-
tions and Respond to Selections check boxes link the Copy and Move utility with the
other selector tools. For all components of PAVER that use inventory items (Network,
Branch, and Section), there is one active selection. Therefore, you can use the Copy
and Move utility to Generate selections in other inventory selectors or the Copy and
Move can be selected to Respond to selections made by another selector.

Select inventory
item

Set interaction
with selectors

42 Database Tools Micro PAVER 5.2

Edit Image Paths

The Edit Image Paths tool, now available under Inventory in the Visual Menu, gives
Note
users the ability to change the image path for images that are not stored in the database,
For more but are stored in a remote location. The path to the image is stored in PAVER when
information images are not stored in the database. This tool allows the user to edit what image path is
about the EMS
stored in the database.
Image Viewer,
see pages 60 To begin, launch the Edit Image Paths tool from the Visual Menu under Database
and 61.
Tools. The image path can be adjusted for images stored at the Network, Branch,
Section, and Inspection levels. All images stored at a specific level will be displayed in
the table. To change the image path, first select the portion of the image path to be
replaced in the What to replace box. The Shorten button shortens the path to be
replaced on directory at a time. Once you have selected what is to be replace, then
select the new path in the Replace with box. The Browse button can be used to navi-

Select level
with stored
images

Table displays
all images
stored at
selected level

Select portion
of path to be
replaced

Identify the new

portion of the
path

gate to the new image location.

Edit Image Path Example
Note
The following example displays how to correctly use the Edit Image Paths tool. In the
You only need above screen shot, the old image path was:
to replace the
portion of the C:/PAVER/Photos/Interstate_Research_Park/Farber_Drive/Section01/**.jpg
path that has
changed in
The new path is to be:
order to cor-
D:/Pavement_Data/Images/Interstate_Research_Park/Farber_Drive/Section01/**.jpg
rectly modify
the image path. The portion of the path that needs to be replaced is in red. Under What to replace, the
path should be shortened to “C:/PAVER/Photos”, and under Replace with the user
should browse to the “D:/Pavement_Data/Images” folder. All instances of “C:/PAVER/
Photos” will be replaced with “D:/Pavement_Data/Images”.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Database Tools 43

 [ PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK]

44 Micro PAVER 5.2

GIS Tools

GIS Assignment Tool

Note
Previous versions of PAVER used the PAVERGIS Interface add-in to access GIS
capabilities. However, GIS tools are substantially upgraded in PAVER 5.1 in that GIS
The GIS capabilities come integrated in the software and are increasingly easy to operate and
Assignment employ.
Tool introduced
in Version 5.1
replaces the
PAVERGIS What is the GIS Assignment tool?
add-in.
The GIS Assignment tool links the PAVER data for individual pavement sections to
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) data. The GIS Assignment tool provides an
internal ‘point-and-click’ interface to create, remove, or change the link between pave-
ment sections and GIS map features. Using the same visual layout as the Selectors, the
tool dramatically reduces the time required to create or change the link between GIS and
pavement data. This tool is designed to work directly with the same ESRI shapefiles that
are used in PAVER’s internal GIS capabilities.

Note
Using the GIS Assignment selection tool
- Make sure the PAVER software is open with an active database. If a new database is
For GIS tools to
work in PAVER, not opened, PAVER will access the database used most recently by this machine.
all polygons
must have no z
- To practice using the GIS Assignment tool, open the SAMPLE.pvr sample database
axis values. that should have been installed in the User Data folder with your installation of PAVER
GIS is limited to 5.2. To find the User Data folder, go to C:\
the x-y plane.
- Click the Visual Menu icon in the PAVER toolbar to open the Visual Menu dialog box.
- Select the “Selectors” option in the left section of the Visual Menu dialog box. A menu
of options will appear in the right section of the Visual Menu dialog box.
- Choose the “GIS Assignment tool” option in the right section of the Visual Menu dialog
box.
- Click the “Continue” button to open the GIS Assignment dialog box.

Micro PAVER 5.2 GIS Tools 45

 - If the GIS data is correctly associated to the PAVER database, the GIS Assignment tool
dialog box that opens will contain both a tree listing of all pavement sections in the data-
base, hereafter called the PAVER tree menu, as well as a graphical representation of the
base, hereafter called the GIS map. [NOTE: For instructions on how to associate a GIS
shapefile to a particular PAVER Database, see the Shapefile Conversion Tool under
Add-Ins.]
- The PAVER tree menu is a tree listing of the Networks, Branches and Sections that are
entered in the active PAVER database. Each pavement section has a unique identification
associated with it in PAVER. This unique identification is used to link the gis features to
the pavement sections. As a result, the link will be automatically maintained even if the
network, branch, or section identifications change.
GIS Assignment Tool Button Funcitons
The following tools, which are located at the top of the GIS Assignment tool dialog box,
allow you to associate the PAVER data with the GIS map and to customize your view of
the GIS map for easy use:
1. The center tool will zoom to the original view of the entire GIS map and will center
the map on the screen. To use the center tool, simply click the “Center” button. For all
GIS tools, the term “click” shall indicate that the left button on the mouse is used.
2. The pan tool allows you to move your view of the GIS map while maintaining the
current zoom factor. To use the pan tool, click the pan button. The mouse icon will
become a double arrow. Find the spot on the map you would like to move and place the
double arrow over it. Click and hold down the left button on your mouse, move the
double arrow to a new location and release. The view window of the GIS map will move
so that the point first selected is moved to the point of release. The pan tool will continue
to be selected, and may be used again, until you select another tool.
3. The select tool is the primary function of the GIS tools. It allows you to do any of the
following: (1) to determine the PAVER section identification of a section on the GIS map,
(2) to determine the location on the GIS map of a PAVER section, (3) to newly assign a
PAVER section identification to a section on the GIS map, (4) to change the current
Note
PAVER section identification assignment of a section on the GIS map. The GIS map of
the base assigns different colors to sections with different linkage distinctions. Specifi-
The colored cally, areas represented in green are assigned to a pavement section in the database,
hatches have while areas represented in yellow are not assigned to a pavement section. Sections
different
meanings.
represented in red identify the section(s) that are current or active. The current section(s)
Green is an will normally be highlighted in the PAVER tree menu. The select tool will continue to be
assigned active, and may be used again, until you select another tool.
section,
Yellow is a
non-assigned
section, and (1) to determine the PAVER section identification of a section on the GIS map
Red is the
active and To use the select tool, click on the button marked “Select”. The mouse icon will change
assigned to an arrow and a question mark. Click on a green section and that green section will
section. become current, changing the color to red, while the corresponding section identification
will be automatically highlighted in the tree menu to the left.

46 GIS Tools Micro PAVER 5.2

 (2) to determine the location on the GIS map of a PAVER section
At any time, whether the select tool is active or not, click on a section identification in the
PAVER tree menu, and the corresponding area(s) will be highlighted in red on the GIS
map. This section and all these areas associated with this particular section identification
will become active.

The select tool

is used to
assign or un-
assign sec-
tions.

The tree is
used with the
select tool to
assign sec-
tions.

Green sections
are assigned,
Red sections
are active, and
Yellow sections
are not
asssigned.

(3) to newly assign a PAVER section identification to a section on the GIS map.
Verify that the select tool is active. If it is not, click on the select button. Click on the area
you want to assign a PAVER section identification to, so that is shown as current. This
section will therefore be red. Next, click on the section identification you want to be
associated with the section.
It is possible, and often desirable, to include more than one area in one section identifica-
tion. You may add an additional area to a section by highlighting the particular section
identification in the PAVER tree menu and by clicking on another area, so that it is cur-
rent. The additional area will be added to the section and any previous areas associated
with the section identification will remain associated.

(4) to change the current PAVER section identification assignment of a section on

the GIS map.
Click on an area that was green and is now red and that area will turn yellow and will no
longer be associated with any pavement sections. Click on a yellow area, and that area
will become red, indicating that it is now an area associated with the current section. The
current section(s), or any section represented in red, will always be assigned to a section,
therefore when another section becomes current, the original red section will change to
green and will be associated with the section that was highlighted last in the PAVER tree
menu. Click on a new section in the PAVER tree menu, to change the section identifica-
tion assignment of the current, or red section.
Micro PAVER 5.2 GIS Tools 47
 4. The select area tool allows you to determine the PAVER section identification of a
section on the GIS map without changing the assignment of the active area or the current
section or the association of an area to a section identification. To operate the select area
tool, click on the select area button. Click on any section of any color and the corre-
sponding section will be highlighted in the PAVER tree menu. The select area tool will
continue to be active, and may be used again, until you select another tool.
5. The zoom area tool allows you to change the zoom factor of the GIS map and allows
you to zoom in on a specific area quickly. To use the zoom area tool, click on the “Zoom
Area” button. The mouse icon will become a cross. Position the intersection of the cross
at one corner of the desired window, click and hold the left button on the mouse and drag
it to the opposite corner of the desired window, creating a box outline. If you begin the
zoom window at the upper-left corner, you will drag to the bottom-right and vice versa.
If you begin the zoom window at the upper-right corner, you will drag to the bottom-left
and vice versa. Release the right button on the mouse and the GIS map will automatically
zoom to the largest view that includes everything in your zoom window. The zoom area
tool will continue to be active, and may be used again, until you select another tool. To
decrease the zoom factor, you will have to either use the center tool, and start over, or
use the zoom in tool.
Note
6. The zoom in tool allows you to zoom in on a specific location. To use the zoom in
The GIS
assignment tool
tool, click on the “Zoom In” button. The mouse icon will become an arrow. Position the
has the same tip of the arrow over the point you want to zoom in on, and click the left button on the
buttons found mouse. The GIS map view will decrease, as the scale of the map increases at scale
on the GIS and factor of 2:1. The new view window will be centered on the tip of the arrow. The zoom
Tree/GIS
selectors.
in tool will continue to be active, and may be used again, until you select another tool.

7. The zoom out tool allows you to zoom in on a specific location. To use the zoom out
tool, click on the “Zoom Out” button. The mouse icon will become an arrow. Position
the tip of the arrow over the point you want to zoom out of, and click the left button on
the mouse. The GIS map view will increase, as the scale of the map decreases at scale
factor of 2:1. The new view window will be centered on the tip of the arrow. The zoom
in tool will continue to be active, and may be used again, until you select another tool.

8. The print tool allows the user to print a hard copy of the GIS map. To use the print
tool, simply click the button marked “Print”. The default print setup will print the entire
GIS map only on a letter size sheet to the default printer. The print setup may be
changed, using the File, Printer Setup menu.

48 GIS Tools Micro PAVER 5.2

PAVER Shape File Converter
Converting from PAVER 4.x to 5.2
Note
The PAVER Shape File Converter is used to convert shape files that were used in
version 4.x of PAVER to be used in version 5.2 of PAVER. The difference between
When converting shape files in version 4.x and version 5.2 is that in 5.2 shape files now contain a Unique
shape files, the
database that is ID. The conversion of the shape file will check to see if the file contains a Unique ID and
to be associated add the field, if necessary. Converting coverages from PAVER 4.x to 5.2 is a two step
with the shape
file must be
process. You must first take the PAVER 4.x coverage file into ArcView and convert the
online for the *.cov file to a shape file (*.shp). To complete the process, the shape file must be con-
procedure to verted using the PAVER Shape File Converter. Once the shape file is converted, the
work correctly.
process is completed.
Additionally, all
the files that go
with the shape
file (*.shp, *.dbf, Shape File Conversion Procedure
*.sbn, and *.shx)
must be in the The PAVER Shape File Converter module contains three sections. The first section
same folder displays the Source Shape File, the second section displays the Destination Shape
when converting.
File, and the third section displays the results of the conversion process. You must first
locate the shape file you wish to convert. This is done by clicking the Select button to
browse your computer for appropriate files. Once the file is selected, PAVER then
checks that the file contains a UNIQUEID and PID. PAVER also automatically sets the
destination of the converted file in the folder for the online database. To complete the
conversion process click the Convert button. As the conversion takes place, the results
will be shown in the lower window.
Select the
source shape
file

Destination of
the converted
shape file

Results of the
shape file
conversion

Shape File Coordinate Shift

The Shape File Coordinate Shift module functions like the PAVER Shape File Con-
verter discussed above. However, this module also allows you to shift the coordinates of
the shape file during conversion. Similarly, the Shape File Coordinate Shift is also
divided into three sections. The first section displays the Source Shape File, the second
section displays the Destination Shape File, and the third section displays the results of
the conversion process. You must first locate the shape file you wish to convert. This is
done by clicking the Select button to browse your computer for appropriate files.

49 GIS Tools Micro PAVER 5.2

 Once the file is selected, PAVER then checks that the file contains a UNIQUEID and
PID. The coordinates of the selected shape file are displayed. Once the file is loaded,
you may then click the Select button in the Destination Shape File area of the box.
After selecting the destination file you are then able to select the appropriate Shift Mode
for the converted shape file. You may select a premade shift mode or a User Specified
shift mode from the drop down box. To complete the conversion process click the
Convert button. As the conversion takes place, the results will be shown in the lower
window.

Select the
source shape
file

Destination of
the converted
shape file

Choose the
desired Shift
Mode

Results of the
shape file
conversion

50 GIS Tools Micro PAVER 5.2

Selectors

Navigating the Pavement Inventory

PAVER provides several options for choosing the portion of inventory with which the
user wants to work. These "selectors" make moving from one part of the inventory to
another quick and easy. The selectors are accessed directly from the Selection button
on the main toolbar or by going into the Visual Menu and choosing Selectors. Other
parts of the program that require the user to specify a component of the inventory (i.e.
Network, Branch, Section) respond to the input received from the selector tools. There
are three selectors: Tree, Tab, and GIS. A combination of two, referred to as Tree
and GIS, can also be used.

The Tree Selector

Since the inventory in PAVER is represented in a hierarchy similar to the file structure in
Note
Windows, it is logical to navigate this structure in a tree format. Much like the Explorer
For databases tool in Windows, the Tree selector allows you to move through the hierarchy of your
with more than database and select the specific Network, Branch or Section from which information is
500 Branches,
needed. This is done by moving down the "tree" until you arrive at the desired location.
the Tree selec-
tor may experi-
ence very long
load times. It is
recommended
that you either
split the data-
base or use a
different selector.

Navigate through
tree structure

Micro PAVER 5.2 Selectors 51

The Tab Selector

For those who like the PAVER 4.2 method of selecting inventory items by selecting from
the Network, Branch and Section file cards, the Tab Selector has a similar look and
feel. Starting with the Network tab and working across to the Branch and Section
tabs, the user can select and view data at any level of the inventory. Along with selection
capability, all data contained at each level can be viewed directly from the same window
the selection is made. Unique ID numbers and user defined sort field data are also now
available for viewing with this selector.

Navigate
inventory with
tabbed index
cards to find
selection

The GIS Selector

Because GIS has become more integrated into Micro PAVER, the user can now select
an inventory item by using a GIS coverage. This first requires the database to be linked
to a coverage via the PAVER GIS process. Once the GIS link has been completed, the
map can be viewed via the GIS Selector. By simply pointing and clicking on any
polygon (or arc) in the coverage, the selector makes the link to that section. Like the
Tree Selector, the GIS Selector only allows selection. No data is displayed.

52 Selectors Micro PAVER 5.2

Locate an
inventory item
by selecting it
via GIS

The Tree and GIS Selector

The last choice from the Selectors menu is the Tree and GIS Selector. This is simply a
combination of the Tree and GIS Selectors both displayed in one window. This allows
you to select an inventory item using the easiest method for the particular inventory item.
For example, if you know only the location of the pavement, the GIS Selector is most
useful. If you need to trace through the hierarchy, the Tree Selector is the logical choice.
The Tree and GIS Selector combines both of these features into one compact tool.

Selecting an
inventory item
with the tree is
aided by GIS

Micro PAVER 5.2 Selectors 53

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54 Micro PAVER 5.2

Inventory

Definition

Managing Pavement Inventory - Basic Operations

The Inventory button provides tools to view, edit, and define pavement networks.
Clicking on the Inventory button opens two windows.
The Select Inventory Item window is a series of drop-down boxes that allow you to
navigate to a specific point in the inventory. Select the particular inventory item by
working down the hierarchy of the database, from network to branch, then to section. At
each level, you can select an item via ID or Name.
The larger window is the inventory data window. In this window, you can edit inventory
data. To access data for a particular level, click the tab for Network, Branch or Sec-
tion. In order to change the displayed inventory item, locate the item in the Select
Inventory Item window. The inventory data window updates itself accordingly.

Inventory Item
Selector

Inventory data
corresponds
with Select
Inventory Item
window

These buttons
appear on
Network,
Branch, and
Section cards

Micro PAVER 5.2 Inventory 55

 At the bottom of the inventory data card, there is a check box for Track Selection. If
this box is not checked, the inventory data card will not change when a new inventory
item is chosen in the Select Inventory Item window.
You may move to different fields on the inventory data form by clicking on the field you
wish to edit in order to enter information. You may also move from field to field on the
form by pressing the tab key. Each press of the tab key shifts the selected filed once to
the right. Once the end of a row has been reached, a press of the tab key shifts the
selected field down one row to the furthest left field.
Data fields in PAVER 5.2 only accept entries of a determined type of characters. For
example, a distance field can contain only numeric information. If you try to enter non-
numeric characters into a distance field, the program will not accept your entry.
Each of the inventory cards (Network, Branch, and Section) have six buttons along the
Note
bottom of the form. The New button is for adding new inventory items. The Copy
To view data for button is used to create a new network, branch, or section identical to the selected
a specific network, branch, or section except that the Network, Branch or Section ID will
network, it must
include the characters “CC” to indicate that it is a copy. None of the copied network's
be chosen in
one of the children (branches and sections) are copied when a network is copied. Likewise, when a
Inventory Item branch is copied, none of its sections are copied.
Selectors.
Clicking the Delete button deletes the selected network. The Help button starts the
PAVER help system. Pictures launches the EMS Image Viewer. For more instruc-
tions on the use of this, please see EMS Image Viewer. The Close button closes the
Inventory program.
You may also assign values for the user defined fields. This can be done only when the
parameters for the user defined fields have been established (See System Tables-
Define User Fields). Once this is done, the inventory can be sorted based on user
defined criteria for many applications in PAVER.

Creating a Network
The first step in building a pavement inventory for a military installation, city, or airport is
to create a network. A hierarchical structure exists for pavement inventory items in
PAVER 5.0. Networks are the parents of branches, and in turn branches are the parents
of sections. In order to create pavement branches and sections, you must first create a
network.
To create a network, click on the Inventory button on the PAVER button bar. The
inventory data form appears with the Network file card displayed. Click the New button
at the bottom of the Network file card, which populates all fields identifying the current
network. The fields on the network form for Network ID, Name, and Comments
should be edited to the desired values. You may also enter data in any User Defined
Fields that you have created. See the above section on how to use the functions located
at the bottom of the inventory file cards.

56 Inventory Micro PAVER 5.2

 Network file
card

Network level
comments

Creating Branches
To create a branch, click the Inventory button on the PAVER button bar. The inventory
data window appears with the Network file card displayed. Click the file card tab 2.
Branch for access to the Branch file card. If you have just added a new network, that
network will have no branches defined. Click the New button at the bottom of the file
card to enter a new branch. The fields on the branch data entry form becomes populated
with the label "new" or is blank (depending on the type of field, i.e., text, numeric, or pick
list). Enter the appropriate values. Some fields are locked. They automatically respond
to section data once sections for the branch are created. For more specific information
on how to use the functions located at the bottom of the Branch card, see the section on
Managing Pavement Inventory.
The contents of the Use field are limited to a single value that is selected from a preexist-
Note
ing list of choices. To enter a value in the Use field, select the field. A down arrow
You may add appears on the right side of the field data entry area. Click once on the arrow and a list
items to the of available choices appears in a scrolling pick list. Select an item from the list by pointing
Use pick list to the item with the mouse and pressing the left mouse button.
under Define
User Fields in If there are more items in the list than can be shown in a single short list (usually 5 to 10
System Tables
items), the list is displayed with a scroll bar arranged along the right side of the list. To
if the choices
are not ad- select an item not visible in the list, point to the scroll bar down arrow with the mouse and
equate. press the left mouse button. The list scrolls down. To scroll back up the list, point to the
up arrow on the scroll bar and press the left mouse button. When the pick list is very
long, you may want to locate items in the list by typing the first character of your selec-
tion. The program seeks out matches for the characters you type. To use the seek
feature, select the pick list field you wish to edit and type the first character of the selec-
tion you want and the pick list moves to the characters you type.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Inventory 57

 If the pick list does not contain the item you wish to enter, you need to add the item to the
pick list. To enter a new item to the Use pick list, select Tables from the PAVER Menu
located along the top of the PAVER screen. From the Tables sub-menu, select the
Inventory Pick List selection and then the Branch Use tab. See the System Tables
section under Inventory Pick Lists for further instructions.
The Branch file card contains three area fields: Sum of Sect. True Area, Area Ad-
justment, and True Area. The Sum of Sect. True Area field is the sum of true section
areas of the branch. The Area Adjustment field is used to reflect special knowledge
you have about branch area that is not incorporated in the Sum of Sect. True Area.
Decreases in branch area should be entered as negative values. Note that the Section
card also has an area adjustment field (Section Area Adjustment) so you do not need
to reflect section level area adjustments in the branch Area Adjustment field. True
Area is Sum of Sect. True Area plus Area Adjustment. True Area is the value used
in PAVER calculations and reports.

Branch file card

You may create

your own
branch uses if
Use options are
not adequate

These fields
may be config-
ured by the
user

Creating Sections
To create a section, click on the Inventory button on the PAVER button bar. The
inventory data form appears with the Network file card as the active form. Click the file
card tab 3. Section to make the Section data card the active form. If you have just
added a new branch, that branch will have no sections defined.
Click the New button at the bottom of the screen to enter a section. Enter section
information in the rows of fields starting with Section ID. The Calculated Area is
calculated based on the Length and Width information you enter. The Calculated
Area field cannot be edited. The True Area field defaults to the value in the Calculated
Area field. However, this value can be adjusted to reflect cut outs or other adjustments
affecting the actual section area in the Area Adjustment field. Although the Area
Adjustment field is useful for irregularly shaped sections, you must still enter Length and
Width information. Failure to do so will create problems in other functions of PAVER.

58 Inventory Micro PAVER 5.2

 The Unit field cannot be directly edited by the user (see System Tables section under
Misc. Other Tables/ Unit of Measure (Field) Settings on page for details).
Some of the section fields can only be changed using the choices in the pick lists. Pick list
choices can be edited or expanded through the Tables button above the PAVER button
bar. (See System Tables section under Inventory Pick Lists on page 41 for further
directions.) After the basic section information, there are two boxes, Conditions and
Families. Condition information cannot be edited from the Section file card. Condition
information can be entered in the routines run from the Field Inspect button on the
PAVER button bar. The family assignment for the section (or other sections) can be
changed by using the mouse to point at the Family box and double clicking the left
mouse button. Family information can also be assigned under the Pred. Model button.
The Section file card contains three area fields, Calc (Calculated) Area, Area Adjust-
ment, and True Area. The Calc Area field is the product of the section's length times
width. The section Area Adjustment field is used to reflect special knowledge you have
about section area that is not incorporated in the area calculation. Decreases in section
area resulting from items like cut outs should be entered as negative values. Note that the
Branch file card also has an area adjustment field (Area Adjustment) so you do not
need to reflect Branch level area adjustments in the section Area Adjustment field.
Calc Area and Area Adjustment are added to obtain True Area. True Area is the
value used in PAVER calculations and reports.
Three user defined section fields are arranged along the bottom of the screen. These
fields are used to contain user defined inventory information and can be used to sort and
select inventory, maintenance, and inspection information.

Section file
card

Use Area
Adjustment to
reflect cut outs

Micro PAVER 5.2 Inventory 59

 Conditions/Families
This tab provides a quick reference to condition and family assignment data for the
selected section in four preset views:
• View all latest conditions – This produces a table with the latest (last computed or
last entered) condition indices associated with this section.
• View one condition index for all dates – This shows every date that one selected
index occurred for the current section. A drop down-box allows you to choose the
condition for which you would like to display information.
• View all indices and dates – This is the complete listing of every condition index for
every date occurrence listed in the section history.
• View family assignments – This shows what the current family assignment (Prediction
Model) is for the selected section. Double clicking in the Family column opens the
Change Family Assignments window, providing you the option to change the family
assignment.
As with other tables in PAVER, right clicking on any of these tables will allow you to
revise the table layout, sort the data, print, or export the data.
Condition and Age Categories, Condition Type Selection, and User-Defined
Distress Indices are all discussed in System tables under Condition Types.

View the
conditions and
family assign-
ments for a
section

Note

The Condi-
tions/Families
tab provides a
quick way to
see the condi-
tions associ-
ated with all
construction
and inspection
dates.

60 Inventory Micro PAVER 5.2

EMS Image Viewer

The EMS Image Viewer manages the saving, recalling, viewing, and enhancing of
Note
pictures, drawings, and other stored images in the PAVER program. The EMS Image
Use the EMS Viewer is accessed from the Inventory section of PAVER 5.2. The network, branch,
Image Viewer and section cards of the Inventory program each have a button located along the bottom
to store relevant of the form labeled Images. In order to edit pictures for a specific network, branch or
pictures such
as distresses or section, the item must be actively displayed in the inventory data window at this time. To
individual open the EMS Image Viewer, click on the Images button.
sections.

Adjust images
or add special
effects

Edit how
images are
stored

Store an Image
In the EMS Image Viewer window, there is a box titled Store New Images As. The
Note
options offered for storage are Paths to Image Files or Pictures in Database. Since
For information image files are typically large, including them in the database substantially increases the
on how to Edit size of a database. An alternative is to attach the picture to the database through a "path"
Image Paths,
to the image. The image would be stored in a fixed location, and PAVER would simply
see page 43.
set up a path link to the image. However, an image stored as a path will not be included
in the e50 file when the e50 is created for storage or transfer. In order for the images to
follow the database, you will need to copy and send the images separately, making sure
to place them in the same path on the new machine as they were in on the original.
Select appropriate storage option and click on the New button. You are prompted to
select the file containing the picture you wish to load. The drop box at the bottom of the
window is used to specify the format for the picture. PAVER supports images stored in
JPG, TIF, GIF, BMP, TGA, PCX, and PCT formats. Once you have selected the image
file to add, use your mouse to click the Open button. The image appears in the EMS
Image Viewer window.
If you wish to change the storage option for an image later, select the image and change
the selection in the box tilted Existing Images Stored As.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Inventory 61

 Viewing Images
To view and select an image from the list of saved images, use the scrolling tool at the top
of the window. If you add only one image for an inventory item, it always appears in the
in EMS Image Viewer window when you access the EMS Image Viewer for that
inventory item. However, you may associate more than one image with an inventory item.
When multiple inventory images are associated with an inventory item, you can scroll
through the images by clicking the image scroll buttons located on the upper left corner of
the EMS Image Viewer window.
Edit an Image
There are two tabs in the EMS Image Viewer window, Definition and Properties.
Clicking on the Definition tab allows you to view the selected image and to determine
how the image is stored. Clicking on the Properties tab will allow you to make various
graphic adjustments to the image as well as add a variety of special effects. Click on
Edit for the desired feature and click on OK once you have made your adjustments. A
preview of the image will be shown in the EMS Image Viewer window. Save changes
by clicking on Save Edits or restore the original image if the change is undesirable by
clicking on Restore Image.

Other Image File Options

Five other commands are available in the EMS Image Viewer window:
• New - A new image is attached to the network, branch, or section that was active
when the Image command was invoked.
• Delete - The current image in the viewer is deleted.
• Rename - This renames the image within the viewer, but it will not change the file name.
• Print - This command invokes the Windows "Print" window for printing a copy of the
selected image
• Close - This closes the EMS Image Viewer window.

Additional Field Data (Traffic, Test, Work Data)

Work
Extensive connections exist in PAVER between construction date and predicted PCI.
The system must have an accurate account of the last construction date for each section
in order to accurately predict future pavement performance, maintenance requirements,
costs, and inspection schedule. PAVER updates the last construction date for the section
to correspond with the most recent major M&R. The Work History and Required
forms provide an interface for easily entering work history data of a particular pavement
section. In order to enter work information for a particular section, it must be selected in
the Select Inventory Item window.

62 Inventory Micro PAVER 5.2

 For a new record, click on New, then enter the information either by typing or selecting
from a pick list of options. You may edit entries by typing over those in existence. Micro
PAVER does not allow the user to delete ALL of the construction dates in a work history
profile. If there is only one construction date, the entry cannot be removed. The Copy
button invokes the Copy and Move Data utility - described in a following paragraph -
and can be used to move other data elements, to compatible places in other areas of the
database. In this case, work records will be copied or moved.
Maintenance, repair, and construction activity information is recorded on the Work file
card. The Work table is subdivided into History and Required tables. Future or
planned work is entered into the Required table. When the activity has been completed,
scroll to the last column of the Required table and change the Work Completed field in
the Work Required table to indicate Yes. This will cause the record to be transferred to
the Work History table. If you select the History tab, the table refreshes and the
completed work activity will then be part of the Work History.
The Graphs tab also contains a graphic component that presents graphs for each section
relating condition and work history.

Graph tab

Work tab
components,
History and
Required

Traffic
This window is for entering previously collected traffic data. The Traffic table has a
special copy feature for replicating information to multiple sections. Click the Copy
traffic to rest of branch button to copy the information for the active traffic section to
the other sections in the branch.
NDT and Test
This window contains two tabs, NDT Tests and Other Tests. These tables are for the
collection of basic pavement test results.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Inventory 63

 [ PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK]

64 Micro PAVER 5.2

Inspection

PCI and Distress Indices

Field Inspection - Basic Operations

Collecting and recording of field inspection data are probably the most frequently re-
peated tasks in PAVER. The Inspection component of PAVER can be launched from
the Visual Menu under Inspection or from the PAVER Button Bar via PCI.

Entering Inspection Dates and Samples

To enter inspection information, first verify that the desired network/branch/section is
selected using the Select Inventory Item window. Notice that the name of the window
corresponds to the network/branch/section that is currently selected. The Inspection
drop-down box allows you to select a previous inspection by the inspection date. This is
useful if you need to add or edit information for a previous inspection. If you wish to
enter information for a new inspection, click the Edit button next to the Inspection
window. The Inspections window appears, displaying a list of past inspections. Click
the New button and a new inspection, with the current date, appears at the top of the list.

Select
Inventory Item
window

Create a new
inspection

Micro PAVER 5.2 Inspection 65

 When you first create a new inspection date, the new inspection has the same sample
Note
information as the previous inspection. If the actual inspection date is different, click on
Distress the date and edit it. You may also edit the other fields in the window, including entering a
information comment for the inspection. When the inspection date and other fields are as desired,
entered into
press the Close button to return to the Inspection Data Entry window; the most recent
PAVER is
associated with inspection will be the currently selected one.
a specific date.

Edit
inspections
window

Past
inspections
listing

Create a new
inspection

Similarly, if you want to enter comments for an inspection date, click on the Insp. Date –
Comments box and enter a comment (text string), which is stored with that inspection
date. To check the comments on any given date, make the date current in the date
window and click the Insp. Date – Comments box to view the contents.
PAVER uses sampling techniques for performing inspections. While you can inspect each
section in its entirety, it is not practical to do so. It is acceptable to inspect only portions
of a section. To use this technique, each section is divided into smaller pieces called
sample units. Inspection information is collected from one or more sample units.
The PAVER Inspection Data Entry window matches the field inspection, and allows
you to enter your survey information. Click the Edit button, next to the Sample window,
to bring up the Select Samples window. The Select Samples window contains two
lists. The left side shows the samples to be included in this inspection. The right side
shows samples that were used in previous inspections. To use a sample defined in a
previous inspection, click on the sample and then click the arrow button located between
the two lists.
To add a completely new sample, click the Add New button. A sample is added to the
end of the list with the Sample Number of “New” and a Sample Size of zero. Click on
the Sample Number field and change the ID to the sample ID used in the actual field
inspection. You may also enter a comment for the sample and switch the Sample Type
between R (Random), and A (Additional).

66 Inspection Micro PAVER 5.2

 If there is a sample definition in the left hand list that you do not wish to use, click on the
sample you wish to remove, then click on the Remove button. If the sample already has
inspection information (as can occur when editing the sample list for an existing inspec-
tion), PAVER informs you that the sample already contains information, and asks you to
confirm that you really wish to delete the sample and any inspection information within the
sample.

Entering Inspection Information

The PAVER Inspection Data Entry window is designed to be easy to use, while
Note
allowing experienced users to rapidly enter large amounts of inspection data. Once you
You may enter learn the basic operations and become familiar with the window, it is possible to enter all
duplicate the inspection information for an entire section using only the keyboard.
distress type/
severities. For Once the section is selected and the inspection date and samples are set up, you are
example: ready to enter the individual distresses. Click on the distress code and description, then
Alligator L 50
click the desired distress Severity level, then click the Quantity field and type in the
Alligator L 40 distress quantity. Note that the distress codes available in the list depend on the type of
pavement you are inspecting, since some distresses are only found on a particular surface.
Similarly, when you choose a distress code, PAVER modifies the available severity levels
since some distresses cannot be assigned a severity level.
After you have entered the Distress, Severity, and Quantity, click the Add button to
add the distress to the list. Similarly, if you want to delete an existing distress from the list,
highlight a row by clicking on it and click the Delete button. The Replace button
deletes the highlighted record and replaces that information with the current Distress/
Severity/Quantity information. If you wish to enter a comment for the distress, click on
the Section Comments button in the list of distresses.
Once you have entered inspection data for an entire sample, proceed to the next sample
in the list by choosing another sample from the Sample drop-down box. You may also
review previously entered data by using the Sample drop-down box.

Distress codes
and
descriptions

Severity level
Quantity field

Distress
summary for a
sample unit

Micro PAVER 5.2 Inspection 67

 For Maximum Speed - Keyboard Only
The most repetitive part of inspection data entry is inputting the distress data. Once
familiar with the PAVER Inspection Data Entry window, distress data entry can be
performed totally on the keyboard.
To perform keyboard-only data entry, first set up the inspection and sample information
as described in the previous section. All distress codes are two-digit numbers, and are
shown to the left of the distress descriptions. To enter “Bleeding”, for example, type the
two-digit code “02.” A rectangle appears around the code and description. You may
change the distress selected by typing a different code, or by moving the selection rect-
angle with the arrow keys.
Select the proper Severity by typing “L” for Low, “M” for Medium, and “H” for High.
Once you type a severity code, the cursor immediately moves to the Quantity field
where you can type in the distress quantity. Note that the entire Quantity field is high-
lighted, meaning that anything in the box is immediately overwritten by what you type. If
the distress has no severity level, then the Low, Medium, and High options are disabled
(gray). To skip the severity, press the Tab key twice. The cursor skips first to the N/A
option, then to the Quantity field.
Once you have typed in a quantity, add the distress to the list by typing “A” for Add, or
by pressing the Enter key. PAVER creates a new row in the list of distresses and signals
you with a short beep or click sound to let you know the data has been entered.
To enter a comment, you need to use the mouse to click on the Comments field in the list
of distresses entered and type in the comment. When finished, click on the next distress
code and resume keyboard-only entry.
When you are finished entering all the distresses for a sample, move to the next sample by
typing “N” for Next, or move to a previous sample by typing “P” for Previous.

Batch Inspection Data Entry

In order to expedite inspection data entry, you may enter multiple inspection records at
one time. For video inspection data, it must be in a specified format. There are two
options for video inspection data imports. One option requires six ASCII text files. The
other option requires at least one of five tables in an Microsoft Access database. For
specific format requirements, see Appendix B. After data is in the correct format and all
files or tables are complete, begin the batch entry by selecting the option from the PAVER
Add-Ins menu.

68 Inspection Micro PAVER 5.2

 Calculating the PCI after Inspection
Within the Inspection Data Entry window, PAVER allows the user to view the condi-
tion of an individual section immediately after distress data is entered. To access this
feature, click the Calculate Conditions button in the Inspection Data Entry window.
The section properties are all displayed at the top of the window. In the middle of the
window, Condition Index, Inspection Date, and Condition Value are all displayed. This
window also gives you basic information about the section that you are viewing. This is a
description of the information available by tab:
• All Indices – This tab displays the Condition Value for all conditions associated with
the current section.
• Individual Distresses – This tab displays distress information for every distress entry
in every sample of the current inspection date. Added to the information is the density of
that distress and the corresponding deduct value.
• Extrapolated Distresses – This table shows each distress type (all identical distress
type and severity levels from the previous tab are grouped together here) with the quanti-
ties adjusted to reflect the extrapolated value. With random samples, PAVER extrapo-
lates the distress quantity across the entire section.
• Sample/Distress Summaries – The left side of this tab displays the number of
samples surveyed and compares the total number of samples to the recommended
number for a project level inspection. The right side of this tab groups all recorded
distressed by type and calculates the corresponding percentages.
• Sample Info – General data about each sample involved in the inspection is included
here.
Again, right clicking any table provides Print and Export options. There is also a Print
button at the bottom of the window.

Other Conditions

User-Editable Condition Indices

PAVER computes the value of the PCI (and all PCI related distresses defined in System
Tables/Condition Types/User Defined Distress Indices). You may input all other
condition index values in this table. The value can be accessed and utilized in other areas
of the program, but the input is manual. Click on the field next to the condition index you
would like to use (in the Value column) and type the data in directly. To add, remove, or
edit the list of indices, click on the Select Indices button. This activates the same table
viewed when Condition Type Selection is selected via Visual Menu...System
Tables...Condition Types (see System Tables under Condition Types). The In-
spection Date Comment button allows you to view the comments entered for this
inspection date.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Inspection 69

Inspection Data Import (PAVER Database)

Copying Inspection Data

PAVER allows you to copy inspection data from one version of a database to another
copy of the same database by using the Inspection Data Import. This can be useful
when it is desired to copy the inspection information that was entered in one database to
another similar database. To get started, click on Inspection Data Import (PAVER
Database). This is located on the Visual Menu under Inspection.
A Windows dialog box appears on the screen asking for the database file from which you
wish to copy the inspection information. Once you have located the correct database file,
a PAVER box appears and asks which inspection dates you wish to copy to the online
PAVER database. Select the appropriate dates from the list, click OK, and the inspection
data is imported.

70 Inspection Micro PAVER 5.2

Inspection Schedule

Inspection Schedule Report

The Inspection Schedule report selects sections for inspection subject to minimum
condition criteria or projected deterioration rates. The Inspection Schedule report
operates like the Condition Analysis report and the M&R Work Plan report. When
the report is opened, you may configure the parameters to be used with the report and
then execute the report. The completed report is presented in the Report Viewer.
Start the Inspection Schedule report from the Visual Menu by selecting Inspection
Schedule and then Inspection Schedule Report from the sub-menu. Select the sec-
tions to include in the report with the EMS Query Tool on the Scope tab. All can be
selected to include all the sections in the active database, or select Selected Items -
Edit Selection and use the EMS Query Tool to build a subset of sections. The Timing
tab is used to specify the scheduling period.
The Mode tab is used to configure the method for selecting pavement sections to inspect.
Select the Schedule All Sections to specify a complete inspection. Use the check boxes
to enable or disable the Min Condition and Use Deterioration Rate To Schedule
options. These options may be run together or separately. A third element for the report
is to generate a Re-Inspection Report. The Re-inspection Report option is turned on
or off by using the Yes/No selector buttons, selecting “Yes” generates a re-inspection
report along with the inspection schedule (A description of the Re-inspection Report is
included in the Reports section).

Select type of
report

Select and edit

the Condition
Table
Select
Scheduling
options

Micro PAVER 5.2 Inspection Schedule 71

 You may choose to schedule inspections according to a table of minimum acceptable
conditions, if desired. If the Min Condition box is checked, projected section conditions
are compared to a list of minimum conditions, and a section is only scheduled for inspec-
tion if that section’s condition falls below the matching record in the minimum condition
table. When the Min Condition alternative is selected, you may specify a minimum
condition table. Use the drop-down box immediately to the right of the Min Condition
check box to select a table of acceptable minimum conditions. The Edit button can be
used to review the selected minimum condition table. If the table is viewed, a list appears
separated by Branch Use, Section Rank, and Year. For each row, there is an associ-
ated minimum condition. The table of minimum conditions can be viewed and edited from
here.
If the Use Deterioration Rate To Schedule box is checked, the table on the Deterio-
ration tab allows you to configure the relationship between deterioration and inspection
frequency. PAVER checks the rate of deterioration for a section included in the report
and categorizes it based on the numbers placed in each rates of deterioration category.

Enter years
between
inspection

Run the Inspection Schedule Report by clicking the Execute button. The Inspection
Schedule Report is presented in the Report Viewer with the default view as a summary
of inspections per year. To obtain a version of the report that lists the individual sections
inspected for each year of the report period, click on Go to Detail. When closing the
report, PAVER will asks you if you want to save it. If you respond “Yes”, it creates a file
name of your choice (with an “RPI” extension).

Open Saved Report

This is the utility that allows you to open an RPI file – a saved inspection schedule. Simply
search to the directory where you saved the RPI, double click the file name, and it opens
in the same view as when you originally created it.

72 Inspection Schedule Micro PAVER 5.2

Family Assignment

Change Family Assignments

Family assignments can be made when a section is defined in the Inventory module, or
when a family model is created in the Prediction Model portion of the program. How-
ever, if you want to change a family assignment or rapidly assign families to sections, the
Change Family Assignments routine provides an efficient routine for reviewing or
adjusting family assignments. Some definitions for clarification include the following:
• Family: A group of pavement sections with similar deterioration characteristics.
• Family Model: The plot of observed age and condition measurements for pavements
with similar attributes.
• Family Type: A pairing of a condition type and an event (such as age), for the purpose
of plotting data points.
• Family Assignment: The process of assigning a Family Model to a section for use
by the condition prediction engine.

Select Family
Type and
Family Model

Click to Assign
and Remove
Sections

Invoke EMS
Query Tool

Micro PAVER 5.2 Family Assignment 73

 Change Family Assignments is accessed through the Prediction Model selection on
the Visual Menu. After selecting a particular Family Type and Family Model from
the drop down lists, PAVER displays all sections in the active database grouped into two
categories: sections assigned to the current model and sections not assigned to the current
model. The Family Type listings available in this menu are internal to PAVER and
cannot be changed. The Family Model options, however, come from the Prediction
Model and are user created. PAVER comes with a set of sample models.
To assign or unassign a section, highlight a section (or group of sections) and use the
arrow buttons to move the section(s) into the appropriate category. You can view a
subset of sections at one time by using the Show subset of not assigned radio button.
Clicking on this button invokes the EMS Query Tool. From this point, you can design a
query (i.e. Surface Type = PCC) and use that to assign all sections in the query to the
current Family Model. To edit the subset, click on the Define Subset button to envoke
the EMS Query tool.

74 Family Assignment Micro PAVER 5.2

Reports

Summary Charts

Summary Charts is a feature designed to allow you to graph, and compare any two
attributes of a database. For example, you can view the average condition of your
network based on surface type. To access the Inventory Summary Charts, select the
Visual Menu button from the PAVER Button Bar and choose Reports and then
Summary Charts. At this point, the Summary Charts window appears and awaits
your selection of a category to represent the X and Y axis. Using the drop-down boxes
labeled X Axis and Y Axis, select an X Axis for the graph you wish to produce. The
drop-down box for Y Axis selections is hidden until you make your selection for the X
axis. The third drop-down box requests that you make a selection of which condition
index you wish to use. Remember, for the charts to work properly, you must have
condition data available for the index you have selected. PAVER automatically associates
a PCI with every section in your database. Every other index requires that you either
input the value manually or establish a definition for the index (discussed in detail under
User-Defined Indices).

Define graph
axes

Select the
Condition
Type to display

Choose All
Sections or
define a
Subset
After you have made valid selections (some combinations may produce a null set of
sections and hence no graph), the graph and data table below populate. For the table at
the bottom of the page, dragging the border with the mouse can modify the field widths.
A right mouse click on the table Produces the Print, Export, and other options for the
table.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Reports 75

Standard Reports

There are four Standard Reports: Branch Listing, Work History, Branch Condi-
tion, and Section Condition Reports. These reports are accessed through the Visual
Menu via the Reports option.
A brief description of each of the four Standard Reports is as follows:
• Branch Listing Report – This report produces a list of all branches and relevant
information on each including usage, number of sections, total area, etc. The last page is
a summary of all branches in the network (or networks).
• Work History Report – This produces a section by section report of all work com-
pleted within that section over the life of the database. Data such as work type, work
date, and cost are included.
• Branch Condition Report – This is a display of the average and weighted average
condition of each branch. Standard deviations are included, and a summary of all
branches is included on the last page.
• Section Condition Report – This is the same as the branch condition report only the
data is displayed at the section level. Again, a summary is included on the last page.
The starting point for each of these reports is the same. Define the subset of the database
Note
you wish to run the report on by clicking on the Selection Criteria button. The subset
For Standard can range from one section to the entire database which is the default if you do not
Reports there establish Selection Criteria. Clicking on the Selection Criteria button opens the
is no Order EMS Query Tool. Use of the EMS Query Tool has been discussed in previous
Rows tab in the
EMS Query
sections.
Tool since When running the Branch and Section Condition Reports, one additional piece of
reports are
created in a information is required. Before the report can be executed, you must select which
standard layout. condition index is to be used. This is done by double-clicking on the desired condition in
the Condition Selection box under Methods. This places that condition type in the
Selected window, at which point you can proceed with the query or execution of the
report. To deselect an item in the Selected box, double-click on it to send it back to the
Methods box. Only one condition index can be used per report.

Select the
desired report
type

Double-click to
select desired
Condition Index

76 Reports Micro PAVER 5.2

 On the top of each of the reports is a tool bar, used to manipulate the report. Left and
right arrow buttons are used to go forward and backward through the report. In be-
tween the arrows is a display of the current page and the total number of pages in the
report. There is a print button and an export button to send the report to a printer or to a
file for further manipulation. Finally, a View Size drop-down box allows you to size the
report for ease of viewing.

Re-Inspection Report

The Re-Inspection report is designed to produce a listing of information about the last
inspection for each section included in the report. The Re-Inspection window offers
several options for configuring the report:
• Distress Details – This section gives you the option to display recorded distress
information from the last inspection in three levels of detail (Remember: distresses are
entered at the sample level and are associated with a specific inspection date.):
• None – No distress details shown.
• Summary – Distress code and severity level of each distress in the sample unit are
shown.
• Detail – Complete details for every distress listed in the current sample are shown.
• Calculate Sample PCI – This produces a PCI for each sample listed. Although Paver
works with Section level PCI’s throughout the program, this shows the PCI of each
inspected sample.
• Report Sample Ordering – This gives you control over how the re-inspection report
sorts and orders the samples in each section – numerically or alphanumerically. Your
choice is based on how you have chosen to name your samples.
• Comments Print Options – Checking any combination of these boxes enables the
report to display comments that were entered at that level. Within the program, you can
enter comments in a text field, at any of those levels – here is where those comments can
be printed out.
• Hand-Held Computer – Selecting this option creates a file (extension INP) that can be
downloaded to a handheld device for use during the inspection process. This file pro-
vides the handheld unit with all information necessary to perform an inspection on a
section. To use this feature, select the Generate Inspection File box and type the path
and name of the file you wish to create (using the INP extension). You can also click on
Browse and point to the folder you will be storing the inspection file in. You still need to
name the file – making sure to add the .INP extension in the name, and click Open to
place the path and file name in the File name box. From here, you will run the re-
inspection report as usual and Paver creates the INP file and places it in the path you
specified, when the re-inspection report is finished.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Reports 77

 Choose
Distress
Details to
display
Select to
include a PCI
value for each
sample

Now that you have configured your report, clicking the Start button creates the report.
The next thing you see is the EMS Query Tool. At this point, you can select the whole
database, or specific sections to be included into the report. When you say OK to the
Query Tool (Saying OK to an empty query selects the entire database) the re-inspection
report executes. When the progress bar indicates that the report is complete, clicking on
View/Print displays the report. From this screen, you can view the contents, print the
report, or export to a file or application. If you want to change any of the report param-
eters, simply close the view window, make the appropriate changes on the configuration
screen, and select the Restart button.

User-Defined Report

The user-defined reporting tool gives you the ability to create your own report. The
results of the report are displayed in table form that can then be printed or exported to
another application (such as Microsoft Excel). As with other tables in PAVER, right click
on the table to access the print and export options menu.
Opening the user-defined reporting tool produces the EMS User-Defined Reporting
Tool window that offers three options: display a Memorized Report, Create New
Report, and Edit Current Report.

Display a Memorized Report

This is a report that you have created and saved. It is available from the pick list at the
top of the window. This report regenerates each time you select it, so all information
displayed is current.

78 Reports Micro PAVER 5.2

 Create New Report
Click on the Create New Report button and the EMS User-Defined Reporting
Tool Definition window appears. On the left side of the definition window, there is a
tree that reflects your database structure. On the right side, there is a window with three
tabs. Use the tree in the left side of the window to select a component of the hierarchy
that contains the data elements that you would like displayed in your report. All associ-
ated elements are displayed in the left window of the Select Columns tab. You can
scroll through the various levels of the tree in the left side of the window to see exactly
which elements are associated with the different levels of the inventory structure.
In the right side, the first tab, Select Columns, requires you to specify the data items that
Note
are displayed in each column. Select individual components and move them to the
Selected window on the right side. All elements in this window become the column headers for
Rows deter-
mines which your report. Only the elements you select from the center window and move to the right
records will be side are integrated into the report.
included in the
table, while Select Rows invokes the EMS Query Tool and allows you to build the selection as you
Selected would in any other case that the Query Tool is used. Finally, the Order Rows tab
Columns allows you to order or sort the records in the table.
determines
what data from In between the two windows of the Selected Columns tab and the Order Rows tab,
each record is there are two types of arrows. Double arrows move all items in the window, and single
displayed. arrows only move the selected item. If you choose to deselect an item, simply move it
back to the center box, and it is removed from the list. The Move Up and Move Down
buttons allow you to position the selected components in the desired order. The Change
Order button, in the Order Rows tab, changes between Ascending and Descending
orders for the selected components.

Store criteria to
be used again
as a
Memorized
Report format

Navigate
through
inventory
components for
data categories

Columns to be
included in the
report must be
shown here

The New, Copy, Save, Edit, and Delete buttons, located in the top left of the window,
become available to perform the corresponding actions as the circumstances allow.
Previously saved formats are listed in the Stored Criteria drop down list.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Reports 79

 Edit Current Report
The first step to editing a report is to select the desired report from the drop-down box at
the top of the Edit window. From here, all of the same options from Create New
Report are available. When the editing is complete, the changes take effect immediately
and are reflected the next time the report is run.
To Run a report, simply select the report from the drop list at the EMS User-Defined
Reporting Tool window, and the populated table appears. The report generates at the
moment of selection so all data is current.

GIS Reports

The GIS Reports are a series of preset views that allow you to see a variety of informa-
tion about your database in a graphical display. They are only available if you have a map
linked to your database (see the GIS section for details on linking). The views are
grouped into 2 sections: Last PCI and General Info.
To navigate these views, use the GIS Viewer Buttons. They function in the following
manner:
- Center – Centers the current view at full extent
- Pan – Allows you to move around the view at the current zoom level
- Select – Activates the selector tool so you can use the GIS view as an inventory
selector (See the section on “Selectors”)
- Zoom Area – Allows you to block portion of the view to zoom in on
- Zoom In – Zooms in one level on the entire view
- Zoom Out – Zooms out one level on the entire view
- Print – Prints a copy of the view and the categories with color codes

Last PCI
This view displays the current/latest PCI value for each section in the view. This PCI
value comes from the last inspection date (or last major M&R activity date). Going to
Tables from the menu bar, and selecting Condition Tools and Define Condition and
Age Categories can define the categories and values, as well as associated graph
colors. In this table, on the Condition Categories tab, select PCI in the Name drop-
down box, and you can make new categories, change names, assign numeric ranges, and
manipulate color schemes.

80 Reports Micro PAVER 5.2

 General Info
Unlike the Last PCI view, General Info actually consists of four separate views:
- Surface Type
- Category
- Rank
- Branch Use
The categories and associated color schemes in these views are preset and cannot be
changed. Since the General Info window has four views, only the top, checked view
will be displayed. Each view name has a check box next to it. If only one box is
checked, then only that view displays. If more than one view is checked, the view that is
highest in location on the list displays. The up and down arrows under the views box can
be used to move views up or down on the list. Highlight a view and use the arrows to
move it to a different location on the list.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Reports 81

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82 Micro PAVER 5.2

Prediction Model

Create and Maintain Prediction Models

Building Family Models

The essence of the prediction modeling (family modeling) process is to identify and group
pavements of similar construction that are subjected to similar traffic patterns, weather,
and other factors that affect pavement life. The historical data on pavement condition can
be used to build a model that can accurately predict the future performance of a group of
pavements that possess similar attributes. This model of pavement life is assigned a
name, and in the PAVER vocabulary it is referred to as a "family."
Each pavement section in PAVER is assigned a family. When predictions about the future
performance of a pavement are desired, a section's family assignment is used to predict a
section's future condition. If the user has not assigned a family model to a section,
PAVER will use its default family to predict future pavement performance.
However, factors such as original construction, maintenance, weather, and traffic, greatly
affect the life of a pavement and a generic guess, one of which is the default family, is not
likely to be as accurate as a model that takes these factors into consideration. The
Prediction Model is designed to allow users to blend unique knowledge about their
pavements, measured local condition information, and powerful modeling tools together
to produce highly accurate estimates of future pavement life.

Note
Using the Prediction Model
When selecting
a model, scroll Click on the Pred. Modeling button on the PAVER button bar. The Prediction Model
and type seek
can also be reached via the Visual Menu. A window titled "EMS Family Modeling"
capabilities are
available if the appears. The top half of the form is a graph that shows a sample start-up prediction
number of saved model. Two drop-down boxes are located above the prediction model graph. By
models exceeds clicking the arrow on the right side of these boxes, you can select a Family Type and a
the length of the
saved prediction model. Select a model from the list. When you select a model,
list.
PAVER loads all the data points used to build the model and the settings used to generate
the model. It then plots the data points and the estimated condition prediction function.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Prediction Model 83

Choose Family
Type

Family Model
Name

Status of
Boundaries and
Outliers

The upper right corner of the EMS Family Modeling form contains three buttons:
Calculate, Close, and Help. The Calculate button causes the model to estimate the
condition prediction function and plot the curve through the data points. The Close
button closes the EMS Family Modeling window. Any models you have built are
automatically saved when the Close button is clicked. "Help" is launched by clicking the
Help button. The prediction model plot operates like other PAVER graphs. A right click
on the graph displays the extended graphing features menu.
Located just below the Help button are the Boundary and Outliers status indicators.
Once a model is selected or created, the Boundary and Outliers status indicators are
activated. These indicators report the status of the boundary data filter located on card
3. Use Boundary/Outlier, and the statistical outlier analysis feature that is configured on
card 4. Options. These options, and all other family model building variables, are
configured on the index card style data entry forms located on the lower half of the EMS
Family Modeling form.

Collect Model Data

Note This form is used to collect data from the active PAVER database and in order to build a
new family model or to adjust an existing family model. To create a new model, click the
When a predic-
New button. You are prompted to provide a name for the new family model being
tion model is
created, only created (entries may be up to 16 characters in length). After naming your family model
data points that and clicking OK on the Create New Model form, the EMS Query Tool is presented
are at least one so that you may select a subset if desired of the active database. After selecting the filter
year old are
criteria (which can be none), the age verses condition points for the pavement sections
used.
selected are placed in the grid on the Review Model Data card as well as displayed on
the graph.

84 Prediction Model Micro PAVER 5.2

 The Get Data button at the bottom of the Collect Model Data card is used to modify
the data used in an existing family model. After you click the Get Data button, you are
prompted to overwrite the existing model data, append to (add to) the existing data, or
abort the get data operation. The Copy button creates a new model based on the family
model that was active when the Copy button was clicked. You are prompted to provide
a name for the new model. Clicking the Delete button causes the active model to be
deleted.

Copy Existing
Model

Invoke EMS
Query Tool
Create New
Model

Note
Review Model Data
Points can be
added to the This card presents data used to create the family model. Like other tables in PAVER, the
Review Model extended features can be accessed by right-clicking on the table. The Status column
Data table in
order to influ- contains no entry for records that are used to calculate the condition prediction curve.
ence the model Points that are removed from the prediction process by boundary conditions or outlier
curve. When analysis are labeled as “Out of Range” or “Outlier” points. You can add points to this
entering data table if you wish to influence the curve in a particular area. If any records are added or
you need only
enter Age and deleted, you must recalculate to refresh the graph.
PCI values.

Use Boundary/Outlier
Note Upper and lower model boundaries are specified on the Use Boundary/Outlier card.
Age vs. PCI points that fall outside the boundaries are marked as “Out of Range” in the
In order to edit
Review Model Data table and are not considered when the predicted condition func-
Use Boundary/
Outlier or tion is estimated. Points marked as “Out of Range” can be reintroduced into the analysis
Collect Model by turning off the boundaries or shifting the location of the boundaries so those points are
Data tabs, make in the allowable range. The X Range Filter is used to specify a range on the x-axis from
sure the check
which you want to include data. Data points outside the range you specify are ignored.
box next Pre-
vent Changes Model boundaries are adjusted by changing the values in the table on the Use Bound-
to Model in the
Options tab is
ary/Outlier card. To edit or change a value, highlight the row in the table you want to
unchecked. change. Then, select the column you wish to edit (year, lower or upper bound) and type
the new value (numeric entries only).
Micro PAVER 5.2 Prediction Model 85
 New rows can also be added to the table with the right click menu. The Add option
Note
inserts a blank row in the last row of the boundary data table. Records in the boundary
To add or delete data table are sorted in ascending order by age (year). Edited and new records are out
rows of bound- of order until the model is recalculated. You can force a recalculation of the model by
ary data, right
activating any of the other index cards and then clicking the Calculate button. After the
click on the
table. model is recalculated, the boundary table entries will be in proper sort order.
You can also set X Range Filters - minimum and maximum. Finally, the outlier bound-
aries are used to limit the number of data points used in the computation of the curve.
Options for outlier constraints range from 50 to 100 percent. Changing these various
options and recalculating produces different curve results. Use tab 5. View Equation
and Stats to determine the statistical soundness of your curve.

Adjust Model
Boundaries

Set X Range
Filters

Set Outlier
Boundaries

Options
The Options card is the heart of the statistical analysis performed in the prediction
modeling tool. In the "Slope" section, you can choose to constrain the curve upward or
downward, or leave it unconstrained. You also set the critical PCI for all sections as-
signed to this model by entering the value you wish in the "Critical Condition" window.
To prevent changes to the model select the check box associated with the label Prevent
Changes to the Model.

View Equation and Stats

The View Equations and Stats card displays the intercept and coefficient values for the
equation estimated to be the best fit for the data. The card also lists various "goodness-
of-fit" statistics for the estimated model.

86 Prediction Model Micro PAVER 5.2

 Assign Family
Once a new family model has been completed, the Assign Family card can be used to
assign the active family model to the pavement sections that were used to create the
model. When you select the Assign Family card, the program checks the contents of
Review Model Data card to build a list of the sections used to estimate the current
family model. When you select the Assign Family card, the program first checks
whether any sections in the current database are assigned to the selected Family Model.
If the Family Model is not assigned to any sections, a message comes up indicating both
that there are currently no sections assigned this model and asking whether you would
like to assign the sections used to build the model (i.e. sections that fit the selection
criteria on the Collect Model Data card). You may choose to assign these sections to
the current family or continue without assigning the family to the sections.
Once the Assign Family card is active, the card contains a table and two buttons. The
table lists the pavement sections in your database that are assigned the current family
model. The two buttons arrayed on the card below the Assign Family table, Add
Members to Family and Remove Current Members, are used to edit the pavement
sections assigned to the current family model. To drop a section from the current family,
highlight the section in family assignment table and click Remove Current Member.
The section that is dropped is assigned the default family. The Add Members to Family
button launches the same process as the Edit Selection routine on the Collect Model
Data card. When you click the Add Members to Family button, the EMS Query
Tool appears. You can use the EMS Query Tool to identify the sections you would like
to assign the active family model to. When you have completed the query, the selected
sections are added to the Assign Family table.

Other Condition Prediction Model Features

When the Prediction Model is open, a View menu appears at the top of the window.
This option allows you to turn on and off various graphing features including Boundaries,
Outliers, Good Points, and Bad Points. These features only affect the view of the
data, not the underlying statistical routines. For example, if you use the view menu to turn
off the boundaries, the boundaries do not appear on the plot of the graph. However,
points in the model that do not meet the boundary conditions are still excluded from the
modeling process.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Prediction Model 87

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88 Micro PAVER 5.2

Condition Analysis

Condition Analysis Report

Overview
The Condition Analysis feature allows you to view the condition of your pavement
network, or any subset of the network you specify. The analysis is based on prior
inspection data, interpolated values between previous inspections, and projected condi-
tions based on family assignment. Once you specify the pavements that you would like to
analyze and duration of time to be used, PAVER can predict the deterioration of your
pavements. The Condition Analysis tool is invoked by clicking on the Condition
Analysis button on the button bar or by going to the Visual Menu and selecting Condi-
tion Analysis, then selecting Condition Analysis Report from the sub-menu, and
clicking on the Continue button. The Condition Analysis parameter collection win-
dow appears on the screen.

Configuring the Condition Analysis Report

When the Condition Analysis is selected, a window with two file cards appears. On
Note
the Scope card, the Family Type choices are PCI v Age or IRI v Age. At the left,
You can select two options are available for selecting inventory items to be reported: All and Selected
a Start Date to Items. The default is set to All. Choose Selected Items to prompt the EMS Query
show past Tool to select a subset or records for the report. After selections are made, the selection
condition.
criteria is shown in the previously empty white box. The Record Count box shows the
number of sections included in the current plan.
Behind the Scope card is the Timing card. Enter the desired date to start the prediction
model in the box next to Start Pred:. Then, enter the number of Years to report. The
report includes historical information and predicted condition for selected sections for
each year for the selected number of years.
You can use previously saved report parameters using the Load Parameters button at
the bottom of screen. A dialog box asks from where to load the report. Condition
Analysis report files typically carry the extension "RPC." After loading the report
parameters, you may change them as needed, then run the report.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Condition Analysis 89

 Select portion
of inventory to
analyze

Check to
display number
of records

Enter duration
of the analysis

Enter the
starting point
for the analysis

Run the
analysis

Analyzing Pavements
Once you have configured the report, click the Execute button to start calculating the
report. When the report calculations are completed, the Condition Analysis Report is
presented in the Report Viewer tool. The default presentation of the report is a sum-
mary of conditions that includes two tables with corresponding graphs. The summary
view includes the Annual Condition (Arithmetic Average) table that shows the aver-
age condition for each branch, for each year in the reporting period. The first row of the
condition summary table is the average condition of all branches included in the report.
The condition summary table is accompanied by a graph that plots the average condition
for the highlighted branch (row) in the condition summary table.
The second view is the Condition Frequency (% Area) table and associated graph.
The condition distribution table presents a histogram for each year of the specified
reporting period with sections grouped into seven PCI categories (excellent, very good,
good, fair, poor, very poor, and failed). The condition distribution graph presents a
histogram for the highlighted year in the condition distribution table.

90 Condition Analysis Micro PAVER 5.2

 The View menu in the EMS Report Viewer can be used to add or remove tables and
associated graphs from the report viewer screen or to switch between the summary and
detail version of the report. To turn off one of the summary tables and its associated
graph, select View > Summary and then select the table that you want to turn off.
Tables and graphs that are active in the current report view have a check mark to the left
of the table or graph name.
As usual, in order to zoom on a table or graph, right click on the desired object and
select zoom. Other options can be selected with a right click such as: Revise Layout,
Change Sort Order, Export and Print Table.
Click to add/
remove tables
from view

Switch to the
Detail View

Default
Summary
Views

Other Views
The detail version of the Condition Analysis report default presentation includes the
Section Condition table and its associated graph as well as the Inventory Items table.
The Section Condition table is linked (as the dependent table) to the Inventory Items
table (parent table).
A powerful feature of the Condition Analysis Report is demonstrated by selecting the
Note
Inventory Items table and then stepping down the Inventory Items table slowly one
Data shown in row at a time. Each row in the Inventory Items table represents one section in your
the Summary pavement network. As you change the highlighted row in the Inventory Items table, the
View is branch Section Condition table updates with historical, interpolated historical, and projected
level data while
data shown in condition values for that section. Each time the Section Condition table is updated, the
the Detail graph associated with the table replots the graphical view of the section condition. With
View is section this powerful tool you can quickly analyze the history and predicted condition of your
level data. network section by section.
The detail version also allows you to overlay the Section Condition plot with family
curve and/or the Work History plot. These features are turned on and off with under
View > Detail in the EMS Report Viewer window. Overlaying a family curve shows
how the current view is performing in comparison to a particular family model. Overlay-
ing a work plan shows the difference between the predicted decline of a pavement (or set
of pavements), and the effects your work plan scenario. The Section Work History
view (also linked to Inventory Items) produces a list of all information in the work

Micro PAVER 5.2 Condition Analysis 91

 history table - by section. Similarly, the Inventory Work History view displays ALL
work history records for every item in the current database. The Section Condition
List is a representation of the condition plot - for each section - for the term of the
condition analysis. Highlighting a record in the table causes the graph to respond, dis-
playing the condition information for that section only. To see an average for all sections
included in the report, go back to the summary views.
In addition to the EMS Report Viewer, the Condition Analysis Report also opens a
"Select GIS Views" window. This window contains a preset view linked to the results of
the current Condition Analysis report. The name of the view is "Section Conditions by
Year" and can be viewed by double clicking on the GIS tree selector in this window. The
resulting display is a year-by-year view of the conditions of each section included in the
condition analysis. This GIS view is an excellent tool to quickly show the difference in
condition from year to year.

Click to add/
remove tables
from view

Switch to the
Summary
View

Highlighted
Section and
Corresponding
Condition Plot

Open Saved Report

If desired, a previously saved report can also be viewed without "rerunning" (i.e. without
PAVER recalculating and searching the database for changes). This can save consider-
able time for long reports. Selecting the Open Saved Report option opens the Win-
dows file search tool that looks specifically for any file with the ".RPC" extension. High-
lighting an RPC file and choosing Open brings up the Condition Analysis report and
you can work with it as you would any other Condition Analysis report.

92 Condition Analysis Micro PAVER 5.2

M&R

M&R Plan

Configuring the M&R Report

The PAVER Work Plan is a tool for planning, scheduling, budgeting and analyzing
alternative pavement maintenance and repair (M&R) activities. The M&R plan utilizes
basic inventory data combined with inspection information, maintenance policies, mainte-
nance costs, and predictions about future pavement condition. Work Plan results are
specific to your site. All factors used in determining future M&R or construction activity
or the associated costs can be configured to reflect your pavement management practices
and costs.
The Work Plan report operates like the Condition Analysis report. When you start
the report, a four tab parameter collection window appears on the screen. When the
Work Plan report is configured, you execute the report and view the results in the
Report Viewer.

Tab 1 - Scope
The Work Plan parameters are configured through the M&R Plan module on the
PAVER button bar. The Work Plan configuration window uses an index card style form
with the Scope card appearing first. The Work Plan report can be applied to all the
sections in your database or you may specify a subset of records. To analyze all sections
in your database, use your mouse to select All. To analyze a subset of your pavement
sections, click on Selected Items. The EMS Query Tool is launched immediately for
you to indicate the subset of pavements that you would like to use. When you specify the
Selected Items option, a new button, Edit Selection, appears on the Scope card. If
you wish to edit your selection later, clicking this button invokes the EMS Query Tool
for you to update your selection. As always, the Record Count check box shows the
current section count based on the specific query you are working with.

Micro PAVER 5.2 M&R 93

 Scope card

Indicate if M&R
will be applied
to All or
Selected
Items

Recall EMS
Query Tool to
modify subset

Tab 2 - Timing
The Timing card is used to specify the start date and number of years the plan will en-
Note
compass. Entering the Start Year for the Work Plan and the number of Years to
Selecting the analyze specifies report duration. The Start Year field must be entered in mm/dd/yyyy
Consequence format. Years is simply a numeric value with 1 as the minimum.
Model option
on the Plan Tab 3 - Plan Mode
Mode tab
automatically Three variations of the Work Plan can be used. The first, Critical PCI Method,
forces the optimizes M&R activity against a specified budget or determines the budget needed to
Years value on
maintain a specified condition level. The second, Minimum Condition, measures costs
the Timing tab
to "1". but rations M&R by pavement condition. The third, Consequence Model, measures
the impact of a localized M&R action over the first year.
To select Critical PCI Method, highlight its radio button. Next, select the policies you
wish to use in the work plan. The Localized < Critical option is used to indicate the use
of Safety M&R policies. The Localized < Critical is used to indicate the use of
Preventative M&R policies.
Below the maintenance policies are the Determine Budget Consequence option and
Hint
the Determine Budget Requirements (Iteration) option. Selecting Determine
You can create Budget Consequence optimizes M&R activity against a specific budget. The drop-
a budget of down box next to Budget is used to is used to specify one of the PAVER M&R budget
$100,000/Year tables to use with the report. The Edit button is used for reviewing and editing the
and use the
Budget multi-
selected budget table or for creating a new table. Major M&R Priority lets you set the
plier feature in hierarchy for determining which pavement type and which condition range gets repaired
the M&R Work first. To edit or add a new priority table, select the Edit button. See System Tables for
Plan. further instructions on creating or editing Budget or Major M&R Priority tables.

94 M&R Micro PAVER 5.2

 Selecting Determine Budget Requirements (Iteration) allows you to choose between
Note
Backlog elimination in x years or Condition Stabilization. Note that x changes as
M&R tables are the work plan duration is changed in the Timing tab in Backlog elimination in x years.
also accessed When Condition Stabilization is chosen, two more options appear. You must specify
through the
either Maintain Current Area Weighted PCI or Reach Preferred Area Weighted
PAVER Menu.
Under the PCI. Finally, specify the maximum number of iterations that PAVER uses to calculate the
Tables menu, goal.
select M&R
Plan Tables. The Minimum Condition option lets you set the lowest pavement condition (PCI) that is
allowed for each pavement rank (P - Primary, S - Secondary, T - Tertiary, etc.). To edit
or add a new Minimum Condition table, see System Tables.
The Consequence Model calculates the cost and resulting condition of immediate
implementation of local M&R for the year of the most recent inspection. Note that
choosing Consequence Model changes the work plan duration in the Timing tab to
one year automatically.
Select desired
M&R policies

Select budget
options

Select Budget
and Priority
tables

Minimum
Condition
option

Select and Edit

Minimum
Condition
tables

Micro PAVER 5.2 M&R 95

 Tab 4 - Policies and Costs
Work Plan maintenance policies and work costs are configured on the Policies and
Costs card. Notice that if the maintenance policies below Critical PCI Method were
chosen on the Plan Mode tab, the same policies are active on this tab.
The drop-down boxes, positioned by the Localized repair options, are used to select the
maintenance policy to apply for Policy < Critical and Policy > Critical M&R. Associ-
ated with each maintenance policy is a cost table. You may accept the default selection
or specify a custom cost table. The maintenance policies and cost tables are defined in
data tables that can be created or edited by clicking on the Edit button that corresponds
to the table you are working with, or through the Tables selection on the PAVER Menu.
Distress repair work quantities in Micro PAVER are calculated using the table in Appen-
dix H.
Different global maintenance work types can be specified for minimal, climate related,
and skid causing types of distresses. The pick lists associated with the three global
maintenance labels show the available global repair options and the Interval (policy
application interval), Delta (improvement in the condition as measured by years until
condition returns to the current state), and Cost (per unit of pavement) associated with
each repair option. You may select "none" from the list if you do not wish to perform one
or more of the three types of global maintenance.
To edit the global maintenance lists, again click on the corresponding Edit button or
choose Tables>M&R Plan Tables>Global M&R from the PAVER Menu. PAVER
will display the information to be edited using the Tab Table editor. There are two tables
of information used to describe global M&R work. These two tables are Work Types
and Cost. To change existing work type description information, simply click on the work
type information field desired, and enter the new information. Similarly, to change existing
cost information, select the tab for Cost, then select the desired Cost table using the
drop-down box at the top of the Cost card, and edit the information directly on the grid.
Several different Cost tables may be used in PAVER, even for the same work items.
This is because costs may vary depending on whether they are done in-house or by
contract, as part of a small job or part of a very large one, for example.
To add new Global M&R table information, you must first understand the relationship
between the tables used for Global M&R work. The Work Types card is the master
table. In order for cost information to be entered, there must first be a Work Type entry.
Cost information can be entered for any of the work types in the Work Types table.
Often, cost information will be added only for those work types which you expect to use
in your Work Plan. When you choose to add a record in the Cost table, you are asked
to choose an existing work type from a list of Work Types already defined. Therefore, if
you add a new work type description to the Work Types table and then go to the Cost
table and choose to add a new cost item (using the Add button), you will see that your
new work type is now on the list of Work Types available to add cost information.
In addition to adding work type descriptions to the Work Types table, and cost informa-
tion to an existing Cost table, you may also create new named Cost tables using the Add
Table button on the Cost card. When you first create a new Cost table, it will be empty,
without any information on any work types. Use the Add button on the Cost card to

96 M&R Micro PAVER 5.2

 create new records (i.e. rows of cost information) for any work types you desire in your
new Cost table.
Major M&R is performed on sections, which have structural distresses at the time of the
last inspection. Major M&R is generally only performed on sections with a PCI below
the critical PCI or sections that will fail prematurely due to design or construction defi-
ciencies. A different start date option is provided for Major M&R to accommodate
Note
design preparation or seasonal delays.
You may create
multiple M&R
The cost of Major M&R is determined by the PCI at the time the work is performed.
Cost by The Cost by Condition table specifies the cost of various categories of repair, including
Condition Major M&R. To Edit the Cost by Condition tables select Tables>M&R Plan
tables. Tables>Major M&R from the PAVER Menu. Select the Cost by Condition tab from
the Major M&R table to set the per unit cost of Major M&R. The Cost by Condition
table used in the Work Plan is specified at the top of the Maint. Policies card on the
Work Plan form in the M&R Plan.
There is an option to Apply Policies in the First Year. You may check this box if you
would like the localized policies to be utilized in the first year of the M&R plan. Other-
wise, in year two and beyond, the M&R Cost by Condition table selected will deter-
mine localized policies. Also, there is an option at the top of the card to apply an inflation
rate. Check this box and input the desired rate.

Select
Localized M&R
policies and
costs

Select Global
M&R policies
and costs

Select Start
Year for Major
M&R

Micro PAVER 5.2 M&R 97

 Analyzing M&R Activity
Once you have configured the Work Plan report, click the Execute button to start
calculating the report. When the report calculations are completed, the Work Plan
report is presented in the Report Viewer tool. The default presentation of the report is a
summary of the Work Plan that includes two tables with corresponding graphs. The
summary view includes the Condition Distribution Graph (No. of Sections), that
shows a breakdown of the number of sections in each condition category - for each year
of the report. The Condition Table is accompanied by a graph that plots the conditions
over time. The other default table/graph is the Total Funded table. This shows the totals
of funds spent for each year of the plan - broken down by work category (e.g. Localized,
Global, etc.). Additional Summary Work Plan tables are the Summary Table and the
Applied Policy Summary Table.
Click to add/
remove tables
from View

Switch to the
Detail View

Default
Summary
Views

Summary View Section

The View menu on the PAVER Menu is used to add or remove tables and their associ-
ated graphs from the report viewer screen or to switch between the Summary and the
Detail version of the report. To turn off one of the Summary tables and their associated
graphs, select View>Summary from the PAVER Menu, and then select the table that
you want to turn off. Tables or graphs which are active in the current report view have a
check mark to the left of the table or graph's name. Other summary views include:
- Annual Condition After Repair - This displays the condition of each branch-and the
entire network (or networks if you have more than one) AFTER the recommended work
has been performed.
- Condition Table - This view shows a "before and after" average condition of all
sections included in the current plan and for each year of the plan.
- Total Funded / Total Unfunded - These tables show how much money was spent
(Funded) and how much PAVER wanted to spend, but did not have the funds (Un-
funded). Unfunded work is also referred to as "Backlog".

98 M&R Micro PAVER 5.2

 - Summary by Section - This view shows a combination of things seen in other views,
the condition of each section before and after work is performed, the type of work
needed, and the cost involved.
- Applied Policy Summary - This is a breakdown, in summary form, of each Mainte-
nance Policy, corresponding work description, and associated work quantities, and
costs.

Detail View Section

The Detail (View>Detail) version of the Work Plan includes the Detail table, Applied
Note
Policy Details table, Inventory Items table, Missing Values table, and a table listing
Data shown in the parameter settings used in the report. If the Consequence Model was requested, an
the Summary additional table titled Applied Policy Consequences is included in the Detail report.
View is branch Some table definitions include the following:
level data while
data shown in - Detail Table - A breakdown - by section - of the amount of money spent in each
the Detail
work category, and before and after conditions.
View is section
level data. - Policy Action Details - A list of distresses encountered (from the last inspection date
for each section) and work applied.
- Detail Table by Section - This is the Same as Detail Table, but it includes an associ-
ated graph displaying condition.
As with the Condition Analysis Report, the M&R Report also produces a "Select
GIS Views" window that allows you to view three separate, preset GIS views associated
with the current M&R Report. The preset views are:
- "After" condition by Year - This shows the condition of each section in the report
"after" the funding (work) has been applied to that section.
- All planned M&R by year - show a breakdown - by year - of what types of work
need to be done (according to the M&R plan) on each section.
- Major Planned M&R by year - same as above, concentrating only on the Major
M&R work. Split into two categories: Above Critical (for sections above the critical
PCI) and Below Critical (for sections below critical).
Reminder: GIS views are only available if you have linked a coverage to your database
(See the chapter on GIS).

Micro PAVER 5.2 M&R 99

 Click to add/
remove tables
from view

Switch to the
Summary
View

Highlighted
Section and
Corresponding
Condition Plot

Open Saved Report

As with the Condition Analysis reports, you can also save any M & R plan that you
run. Again, a primary advantage of doing this is saving the time it takes to execute the
report. Depending on the speed of the computer and the parameters of the report and
the size of the database, this could be significant. It also provides an easy quick way to
compare different reports.

100 M&R Micro PAVER 5.2

 Add-Ins

Condition Data Import (ASCII)

The Condition Data Import (ASCII) feature allows you to import data into PAVER
using ASCII file format. Upon launching the feature, a file wizard is opened to help guide
PAVER towards the appropriate data files. For examples of how to format files for
ASCII Video Inspection Import see Appendix B-1.

The ASCII
Condition Data
Import wizard
helps guide
PAVER to the
correct files

Note

You can either

use the wizard
to locate the
files, or locate
the files one by
one without the
wizard.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Add-Ins 101

Condition Data Import (Database)

The Condition Data Import (Database) feature allows you to import data into PAVER
using .mdb file format. Locate the database file that you wish to import by first selecting
the Inuput Directory and then selecting the Database Name. For more information on
video inspection import data format for Access Databases see Appendix B-2.

Select the
Inuput Direc-
tory

Select the
Database
Name

Handheld Data Import

Micro PAVER Inspection Data Entry Using a Windows CE
Handheld Device
Hardware/Software Requirements

For the installation of the Handheld PCI Inspector program, a handheld device with
the Windows CE operating system and Microsoft Pocket Access is required. In addition,
Microsoft Active Sync must be installed on the computer (herein referred to as “main
computer”) that inspection information will be downloaded from and uploaded to. Addi-
tionally, PAVER must be installed on the main computer.

Software Installation

First, install Microsoft Active Sync on the main computer. Microsoft Active Sync is a
free program that can be downloaded from www.microsoft.com. Second, link the
handheld device to the main computer by connecting the two via serial port or USB port
and launch Microsoft Active Sync. When prompted by Microsoft Active Sync to setup a
partnership with this computer select “No”.

102 Add-Ins Micro PAVER 5.2

 Note: A partnership is used when the synchronizing of files on the handheld and PC
are desired—this is not necessary for this Micro PAVER application.
To install the necessary software to the handheld device, select the install file from the
handheld installation CD.

Basic Software Operation

Process Overview

In an effort to expedite the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) field inspection process,
PAVER has the added capability of interacting with Windows CE, handheld devices.
This capability was developed as an “add-in” to PAVER and currently ships with Micro
PAVER 5.1.
Handheld Data Import is accessed in PAVER through the Add-Ins menu. Data for
field inspections can be downloaded from Micro PAVER to a Windows CE, handheld
device that has the Handheld PCI Inspector program installed.
Typically when preparing for a field inspection, the first step is to download the sections
to be inspected to the Windows CE, handheld device. Data transfer between the main
computer and the Windows CE device is facilitated with Microsoft Active Sync. With
Microsoft Active Sync, sections to be inspected may be transferred from the main
computer to the Windows CE, handheld device using the Download Sections to In-
spect tab available through the Micro PAVER Add-Ins menu. Once the appropriate
sections are transferred to the handheld device, the handheld device is ready for use in
the field.
After the inspection has been completed, the data on the Windows CE, handheld device
must be backed-up using the Backup Inspection Data tab that is accessed through the
PAVER Add-Ins menu. The backed-up data may then immediately be imported into
PAVER or imported at a later date. In order to import the data the third tab labeled
Import Backup Data into PAVER is used. During the data import, all distress informa-
tion is transferred to the appropriate Micro PAVER database on the main computer.
The Handheld Data Import option in the PAVER Add-Ins menu launches a window
with three tabs that perform three different tasks. The first tab is used to Download
Sections to Inspect. The second tab is used to Backup Inspection Data after an
inspection has been performed. The third tab is Import the Backup Data into PAVER.
If no device is detected by PAVER, you are only allowed to use the third tab to import
previously backed data into PAVER.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Add-Ins 103

 Detailed Process
Download Sections to Inspect

When downloading sections to inspect, the user has available three methods to select the
sections to download to the handheld device.
1. The first method is to Use PAVER Selections. This method allows the user to
select the desired sections using any of the PAVER Selectors such as the Tree
Selector. Sections selected using the Tree Selector are automatically placed in
the download queue.
2. The second way to choose the sections to download is to Use the Inspection
Schedule. This method allows the user to choose sections based upon their
inspection schedule. Based on the Inspection Schedule selected, PAVER
automatically selects the appropriate sections to inspect.
3. The final method to choose the sections to download is to Use the Query
Tool. This method uses the PAVER Query Tool to search for all desired
Current online sections.
database

Three methods
for locating
sections to be
downloaded

List of sections
selected for
download

Note

When sections
are downloaded
to the handheld
device, the data
Once the desired sections are found using the second two methods, click the Add Items
on the handheld
device is button to move the sections into the download queue. To remove a section from the
overwritten. queue, just highlight the row or rows to be removed and click the Remove button. As
Make sure that soon as all the desired sections are queued, click the Transfer button and the sections
all data is
are downloaded into the handheld program. Note: This overwrites any inspection data
backed-up prior
to downloading that is on the handheld. Be sure that all data from the handheld has been backed
sections. up into Micro PAVER before transferring new data to the handheld. Fortunately,
PAVER alerts the user if data that has not been backed up is about to be overwritten.

104 Add-Ins Micro PAVER 5.2

 Inspections Using the Handheld PCI Inspector

After data has been transferred to the handheld device, field inspections may be carried
out using the Handheld PCI Inspector program. The Handheld PCI Inspector
program is separated into three tabs: 1. Sections, 2. Samples/Frames, and 3. Dis-
tresses.
The Sections tab enables the user to view downloaded sections, add new sections to
inspect or add comments. Downloaded and added sections appear in the large text box
listed by network, branch, and section names. When adding a new section the user can
edit network, branch and section names along with the use, surface, area, number of
samples or frames, and age.
The Samples/Frames tab allows the user to edit or add specific samples/frames. Down-
Note
loaded samples/frames appear in the large text box. Unlike the Sections Tab, you may
For sections delete or edit any downloaded samples/frames. In addition, a sample may be declared to
downloaded have no distresses by clicking the No Distress checkbox.
from PAVER,
you are only The Distresses tab allows the user to enter the distresses for each inspected sample/
allowed to edit frame. The current sections and samples/frames are indicated at the top of the screen,
the number of
and may be switched by clicking the left or right arrows on either side of the section or
samples or
change the sample/frame ID. In order to add a new distress, click New. The distress type then can
evaluation be either picked from the list of distress types or entered into the text box. Distress
method from severities are selected from the pull down menu (if applicable) and distress quantities
samples to
may be entered directly. In order to save the entered distress data, use Save. If a sample
frames.
has no distresses, click the No Distresses checkbox. When working with frames, if a
new frame is desired click the New Frame button, and a new frame is added with the
same attributes as the previous frame.
The following information pertains to all three tabs. When adding a new section, sample,
or distress, the user must first click New and then click Save after editing the appropriate
fields. The user must also remember to select Save after Editing existing sections,
samples, or distresses. Data may be entered by using the keyboard, the number keypad,
or handwriting recognition for all data entry text boxes. Make sure that the cursor is
located in the box that you wish to enter data. When using the number keypad,
highlighted text cannot be overwritten – the user must click the C button to clear the text
prior to entering the data. Comments may be added to any distress, sample, section, or
inspection by clicking on the Comments button and either writing or typing the comment
in the box.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Add-Ins 105

 Note: When writing a comment, the user must first make sure that the cursor is located in
Hint
the comment box by first tapping the comment box to make the cursor appear. Any
When writing added section, sample or distress may be deleted by clicking the Del button. Sections
comments or downloaded from Micro PAVER cannot be deleted. Finally, the user may calculate the
entering data,
PCI for a section by clicking the Calc button on any of the three tabs. In order to see a
make sure the
cursor is detailed calculation of the PCI and Structural PCI, the user may elect to see the details by
located in the clicking the Details checkbox before performing the calculation. The calculated PCI and
correct box Structural PCI can also be seen on the Sections tab after calculations have been done.
before using the
pen recognition
function on the Backup Inspection Data
handheld
device.
Once the inspection data has been collected using the handheld device, the user must
Backup the Inspection Data using the second tab from the Add-Ins menu. After
connecting the handheld device to the main computer using Microsoft Active Sync as
before, go to the Add-Ins menu and select Handheld Inspector. Using the second tab,
Backup Inspection Data, select the appropriate file to be backed-up. Once a name is
selected, click Backup to create the backup file. The backed-up files are automatically
placed in the following directory: EMS Program Files\User Data\*Name of Current
Open Database*\ PI-Backup Data\. Since the backup files are put in these locations it
is important to be in the correct database when backing-up files and importing files from
the handheld device.

List of previ-
ously backed
up databases

Enter desired
name for the
backup file

106 Add-Ins Micro PAVER 5.2

 Import Backup Data into PAVER

After backup files have been created, the user may then Import Backup Data into
PAVER by using the third tab on the Handheld Inspector menu. First select the backup
file to import by hitting the Select button and choosing from the list.
Note: PAVER automatically places and selects files from a default location: EMS Pro-
Hint
gram Files\User Data\*Name of Database*\PI-Backup Data\.
When down-
After selecting the backup file, select the inspection date to apply to the data.
loading and
importing data, Note: If some sections were not inspected or a different inspection date is required for
make sure the
correct PAVER
some sections, check the box next to the sections that should be skipped.
database is
Finally, click Transfer to PAVER to transfer the files into PAVER. The transfer results
online.
indicate what sections where successfully imported and which ones were not.
Note: if a section has no inspection information, the information is not imported into
PAVER for that inspection date.
If desired, the transfer results may be printed by clicking the Print button at the bottom of
the tab.

Locate the
backup file to
import

Select the
appropriate
inspection date
to apply to the
sections

Results of
inspection data
import

Micro PAVER 5.2 Add-Ins 107

Appendix A

Inspection Information File Format (Standard and Ex-

tended Formats)
The following description is based on a “Card” model, where the “Cards” are now represented by lines in a text file. Files are
in ASCII text, fixed width format. Note: Micro PAVER 4.1 and later support the extended branch and section number fields.

07 (AC or GR) and 10 (PCC) Card Format

These cards contain section header information and supplemental inspection. One card required per section inspected.

Field Name Format Columns - Standard Columns - Extended

Form ID Numeric 1-2 1-2

Inspection Date MMDDYY 3-8 3-8
Branch Number Alpha-Numeric 9-13 9-18
Section Number Alpha-Numeric 14-16 19-28
Add/Change/Delete Alpha-Numeric 17 29
Riding Alpha-Numeric 18-20 30-32
Safety Alpha-Numeric 21-23 33-35
Drainage Alpha-Numeric 24-26 36-38
Shoulder Alpha-Numeric 27-29 39-41
Overall Alpha-Numeric 30-32 42-44
FOD Alpha-Numeric 33-35 45-47
Total No. of Samples in Section Numeric 36-38 48-50

Select * from [Plan Parameters]

08 (AC or GR) and 11 (PCC) Card Format

These cards contain sample unit and distress information. One or more cards are required per sample unit inspected and can
contain up to four distresses per card. (I.E. A separate card may be used for each distress.) nnnnn.nn is a decimal number

Field Name Format Columns - Standard Columns - Extended

Form ID Numeric 1-2 1-2

Inspection Date MMDDYY 3-8 3-8
Branch Number Alpha-Numeric 9-13 9-18
Section Number Alpha-Numeric 14-16 19-28
Add/Change/Delete Alpha-Numeric 17 29
Sample Unit ID Alpha-Numeric 18-20 30-32
Sample Type Alpha-Numeric 21 33
Area/ No. of Slabs in Sample nnnnn.nn 22-29 34-41
Distress Code Numeric 30-31 42-43
Severity Alpha-Numeric 32 44
Quantity nnnnn.nn 33-40 45-52
Distress Code Numeric 41-42 53-54
Severity Alpha-Numeric 43 55
Quantity nnnnn.nn 44-51 56-63
Distress Code Numeric 52-53 64-65
Severity Alpha-Numeric 54 66
Quantity nnnnn.nn 55-62 67-74
Distress Code Numeric 63-64 75-76
Severity Alpha-Numeric 65 77
Quantity nnnnn.nn 66-73 78-85
108 Appendices Micro PAVER 5.2
Appendix B-1

Video Inspection Import Data Format (ASCII Text)

File Specifications for PCIVideo Interface to PAVER
Example User Interfaces

PCIVasc2PVR.exe

User interface for the use of Distress Data collected into ASCII files. It is recommended that the complete
parameter string be enclosed in quotes (“”).

Command Line Parameters:

PVR=C:\EMS Program Files\
PDIR=C:\EMS Program Files\User Data\Sample\ Directory containing the PAVER PAVEMENT.MDB
IDIR=C:\EMS Program Files\PCIVideo Directory containing the ASCII text files
INSP=PCIVInspection.txt File containing Inspection information
SAMP=PCIVSample.txt File containing Sample information
FRAM=PCIVFrame.txt File containing Frame information
DIST=PCIVDistress.txt File containing Distress information
COND=PCIVCondition.txt File containing Condition information
OPTN=PCIVOptions.txt File containing PCIVideo options
INTERACTIVE If present, force display of UI

PCIVdb2PVR.exe

User interface for the use of Distress Data collected into an pre-configured Access database. It is
recommended that the complete parameter string be enclosed in quotes (“”).

Command Line Parameters:

PVR=C:\EMS Program Files\
PDIR=C:\EMS Program Files\User Data\Sample\ Directory containing the PAVER PAVEMENT.MDB
IDIR=C:\EMS Program Files\PCIVideo Directory containing PCIVIntermediateFile.mdb
INTERACTIVE If present, force display of UI

Six text files are needed to perform an import of video inspection data.
The following file formats support the import of collected frame distress data.
- Fields are separated by commas
- Strings are enclosed by quotes
- Dates are enclosed by pound signs
- Network, Branch, and Section are separated by 2 colons
- Optional fields may be blank but present

Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 109

PCIVideoOptions.txt
Line 1:
FieldA,FieldB,FieldC
“Metric”,”Data collected in contract #xxx”,”PID”

Line 2..n: (Optional)

FieldA
Spacer:00000
DEFAULTFRAMESIZE:260
DEFAULTFRAMEUNITS:SQF

Where:
Line 1:
FieldA
Data values were collected in “English” or “Metric”
FieldB
Comment to associate with the execution of this process.
FieldC
Method of data association (UniqueId / PID / SID)

PCIVideoInspection.txt
FieldA,FieldB,FieldC,FieldD,FieldE
“RSPARK::IFARB:01”,#6/5/2000#,”optional”,4,”optional”

Where:
FieldA
The identifier of the section which “owns” this inspection
NETWORKID::BRANCHID::SECTIONID
SPACER
FieldB
Identifies the date common to all data from this inspection (multi-day inspections just pick
a day)
FieldC
Usually some observations resulting from inspection.
FieldD
How many samples in the inspection.
FieldE
Indicates the origin of the inspection data

PCIVideoSample.txt
FieldA,FieldB,FieldC,FieldD,FieldE,FieldF,FieldG
“RSPARK::IFARB:01”,#6/5/2000#,”1SMP2",”R”,52.95,”SqM”,”Sample Comment”

Where:
FieldA
The identifier of the section which “owns” this inspection
NETWORKID::BRANCHID::SECTIONID
SPACER
FieldB
Identifies the date common to all data from this inspection (multi-day inspections just pick
a day)
FieldC
Assigned by video vendor for this video sample (must be unique within section and inspec-
tion date)
FieldD
Size of Sample

110 Appendices Micro PAVER 5.2

 FieldE
Unit of measure (as defined in PAVER) for the Sample Size
FieldF
Survey or Detail Comment regarding Sample

PCIVideoFrame.txt
FieldA,FieldB,FieldC,FieldD,FieldE,FieldF,FieldG,FieldH,FieldI,FieldJ
“RSPARK::IFARB:01”,#6/5/2000#,”1FRM2",””,52.95,”SqM”,”START”,”END”,”LATITUTE”,”LONGITUDE”

Where:
FieldA
The identifier of the section which “owns” this inspection
NETWORKID::BRANCHID::SECTIONID
SPACER
FieldB
Identifies the date common to all data from this inspection (multi-day inspections just pick
a day)
FieldC
Assigned by video vendor Identifier for this video frame (must be unique within section and
inspection date)
FieldD
Identifies this sample (optional)
FieldE
Size of Frame
FieldF
Unit of measure (as defined in PAVER) for the Frame Size
FieldG
Distance from start of film to begin of inspection frame (optional)
FieldH
Distance from start of film to end of inspection frame (optional)
FieldI
LATITUTE-GPS String of Degree, Minutes, Seconds (optional)
FieldJ
LONGITUDE -GPS String of Degree, Minutes, Seconds (optional)

PCIVideoDistress.txt
FieldA,FieldB,FieldC,FieldD,FieldE,FieldF,FieldG,FieldH,FieldI,FieldJ
“RSPARK::IFARB:01”,#6/5/2000#,””,”1FRM2", 7 ,”H”, 1.46304001808166 ,”M”,”EDGE CRACKING”

Where:
FieldA
The identifier of the section which “owns” this inspection
NETWORKID::BRANCHID::SECTIONID
SPACER
FieldB
Identifies the date common to all data from this inspection (multi-day inspections just pick
a day)
FieldC
Sample number which owns this distress (if any)
FieldD
Assigned by video vendorIdentifier for this video frame (must be unique within section and
inspection date)
FieldE
The distress code as used in PAVER (integer)

Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 111

 FieldF
H, M, L (if severity is used for the given distess code)
FieldG
The quantity of the distress (for Distress numbers with quantity defined)
FieldH
Unit of measure (as defined in PAVER) for the quantity
FieldI
Available for any comment/observation by the data collector (optional)

PCIVideoCondition.txt
FieldA,FieldB,FieldC,FieldD,FieldE,FieldF,FieldG,FieldH
“RSPARK::IFARB:01”,#6/5/2000#,””,””, 21 ,””,”IRI”,”Automated data collection”

Where:
FieldA
The identifier of the section which “owns” this inspection
NETWORKID::BRANCHID::SECTIONID
SPACER
FieldB
Identifies the date common to all data from this inspection (multi-day inspections just pick
a day)
FieldC
Sample number which owns this distress (if any)
FieldD
Assigned by video vendorIdentifier for this video frame (must be unique within section and
inspection date)
FieldE
The Numeric Condition value to be recorded.
Only populate FieldE or FieldF as determined by the data type for the Condition Method.
FieldF
The Textural Condition value to be recorded.
FieldG
The Condition Method (IRI / PCI / PCIV / etc.)
FieldH
Source of the Condition value. (optional)

Units of Measure valid for PCIVideo

UNIT System
F English
FT English
LF English
SF English
SQF English
SQFT English
M Metric
SM Metric
SQM Metric
COUNT Metric or English
SLAB Metric or English
SLABS Metric or English

112 Appendices Micro PAVER 5.2

Appendix B-2

Video Inspection Import Data Format (Access Database)

There are five data tables that can be created in Microsoft Access to input data. They include the following:
- PCIVideoDistress
- PCIVideoCondition
- PCIVideoInspection
- PCIVideoSample
- PCIVideoFrame
At least one of the two tables in bold type are required. Optional tables can be used to record additional descriptive data if
available. In general, data values that have been filled in are required and those listed as optional can be omitted.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 113

Appendix C

Abbreviations of Surface Types

Abbreviation Complete Name Distress Manual Reference

AAC Asphalt overlay over asphalt concrete Asphalt

ABR Asphalt over brick Asphalt
AC Asphalt concrete Asphalt
ACT Asphalt over cement treated base Asphalt
APC Asphalt overlay over Portland cement concrete Asphalt
APZ Asphalt over pozzolanic base Asphalt
BR Brick Asphalt
COB Cobblestone Asphalt
GR Gravel Unsurfaced
PCC Portland cement concrete Concrete
PVB Paving blocks Asphalt
ST Surface treatment Asphalt
X Other Unsurfaced

114 Appendices Micro PAVER 5.2

Appendix D

Pavement Data Exchange (PDE) Format

OBJECT NAME DATA TYPE DATA SIZE USAGE

Table SITE SITE.DBF (PAVER Database and Contact Information)

Field AGENCY Text 61 PAVER Agency responsible for data maintenance
Field SECUR Text 25 *INTERNAL USE* *VALUE NOT REQUIRED*
Field UNIT Text 7 Data units in “ENGLISH” or “METRIC”
Field NAME Text 25 PAVER Data Coordinator Name
Field ADDR Text 52 PAVER Data Coordinator Address
Field CTYSTA Text 30 PAVER Data Coordinator City and State
Field ZIPCDE Text 10 PAVER Data Coordinator Zip Code
Field PHONE Text 21 PAVER Data Coordinator Phone Number
Field PASSWRD Text 8 *INTERNAL USE* *VALUE NOT REQUIRED*
Field AGENCYID Text 5 PAVER Agency Id

Table FAMILY FAMILY.DBF (Family Models)

Field FAMILY Text 20 Model name.
Field MAXAGE Number (Double) 8 Max age to be used for model.
Field COEFF1 Number (Double) 8 Model 1st coefficient.
Field COEFF2 Number (Double) 8 Model 2nd coefficient.
Field COEFF3 Number (Double) 8 Model 3rd coefficient.
Field COEFF4 Number (Double) 8 Model 4th coefficient.

Table POLICY1 POLICY1.DBF (Maintenance Policy Names)

Field POLICY Number (Double) 8 Maintenance policy Id
Field DESCRIPT Text 30 Description of maintenance policy

Table POLICY2 POLICY2.DBF (Maintenance Policy Details)

Field POLICY Number (Double) 8 Maintenance policy Id
Field DISTRESS Number (Double) 8 Distress for policy consideration
Field SEVERITY Text 1 Distress severity for policy consideration
Field WORKTYPE Text 5 Work type considered for distress and severity
Field MATERIAL Number (Double) 8 Material type considered for distress and severity
Field EXTRA1 Number (Double) 8 *INTERNAL USE* *VALUE NOT REQUIRED*
Field EXTRA2 Number (Double) 8 *INTERNAL USE* *VALUE NOT REQUIRED*
Field UNITCOST Number (Double) 8 Cost per work type unit

Table NETWORK NETWORK.DBF (Pavement Network Inventory)

Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field NAME Text 61 Description of pavement network.
Field NSORT1 Text 10 Supplemental value for selecting networks
Field NSORT2 Text 10 Supplemental value for selecting networks
Field NSORT3 Text 10 Supplemental value for selecting networks
Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 115
OBJECT NAME DATA TYPE DATA SIZE USAGE

Table BRANCH BRANCH.DBF (Pavement Branch Inventory)

Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field NAME Text 25 Description of pavement branch.
Field USE Text 10 Branch use. ROADWAY, APRON, RUNWAY, TAXI
WAY, Etc.
Field SECTIONS Number (Double) 8 Number of pavement sections in the branch.
Field AREA Number (Double) 8 Total area of all sections in the branch.
Field COMMENTS Text 70 Any additional comments about the branch.
Field BSORT1 Text 10 Supplemental value for selecting branches
Field BSORT2 Text 10 Supplemental value for selecting branches
Field BSORT3 Text 10 Supplemental value for selecting branches

Table SECTION SECTION.DBF (Pavement Section Inventory)

Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field FROM Text 25 Starting location of pavement section
Field TOO Text 25 Ending location of pavement section
Field ZONE Text 4 User specified indicator for funding sources,
maintenance areas, etc.
Field CATEGORY Text 1 Section category (A-Z, 0-9)
Field RANK Text 1 Pavement rank (A=Principal, B=Arterial, C=Collector,
D=Industrial, E=Residential, N=Not Applicable,
P=Primary, S=Secondary, T=Tertiary, X=Other)
Field SURFACE Text 10 Surface type (AAC, ABR, AC, ACT, APC, APZ, BR,
COB, GR, PCC, PVB, ST, X)
Field SECLEN Number (Double) 8 Section Length
Field SECWID Number (Double) 8 Section Width
Field SECAREA Number (Double) 8 Section Area
Field SLABLEN Number (Double) 8 Slab length
Field SLABWID Number (Double) 8 Slab width
Field NUMSLAB Number (Double) 8 Number of slabs
Field JOINTLEN Number (Double) 8 Slab joint length
Field LCD Date/Time 8 Last construction date
Field LID Date/Time 8 Last inspection date
Field LPCI Number (Double) 8 Last inspection PCI condition
Field FAMILY Text 8 Family model assigned to section
Field SHOULDER Text 3 Shoulder type
Field STRTYPE Text 3 Street type
Field GRADE Number (Double) 8 Pavement grade in degrees
Field LANES Number (Double) 8 Number of lanes in section
Field SSORT1 Text 10 Supplemental value for selecting sections
Field SSORT2 Text 10 Supplemental value for selecting sections
Field SSORT3 Text 10 Supplemental value for selecting sections

116 Appendices Micro PAVER 5.2

OBJECT NAME DATA TYPE DATA SIZE USAGE

Table SAMPLE SAMLE.DBF (Inspection Sample Details)

Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field INSDAT Date/Time 8 Date of inspection.
Field SAMPLE Text 10 Sample Id
Field TYPE Text 1 Sample type R=Random A=Additional
Field SIZE Number (Double) 8 Sample size, area or slabs
Field PCI Number (Double) 8 Sample PCI Condition
Field DISTRESS Number (Double) 8 Distress code
Field SEVERITY Text 1 Distress severity
Field QTY Number (Double) 8 Quantity of distress

Table XDIST XDIST.DBF (Inspection Extrapolated Distress

Information)
Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field INSDAT Date/Time 8 Date of inspection.
Field DISTRESS Number (Double) 8 Distress code
Field SEVERITY Text 1 Distress severity
Field QTY Number (Double) 8 Quantity of distress
Field DENSITY Number (Double) 8 Density of distress for severity
Field DEDUCT Number (Double) 8 PCI points to deduct for this distress for severity

Table CONDHIST CONDHIST.DBF (Inspection Summary Results)

Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field INSDAT Date/Time 8 Date of inspection.
Field RIDE Text 3 Condition rating: Ride Quality
Field SAFETY Text 3 Condition rating: Safety
Field DRAIN Text 3 Condition rating: Drainage Condition
Field SHOULDER Text 3 Condition rating: Shoulder Quality
Field OVERALL Text 3 Condition rating: Overall Condition
Field FOD Text 3 Condition rating: Foreign Object Damage
Field SAMPLES Number (Double) 8 Samples in section
Field SAMPLE Number (Double) 8 Samples in section
Field PCI Number (Double) 8 Condition rating: PCI
Field RANDOM Number (Double) 8 Random samples in section
Field ADDITION Number (Double) 8 Additional samples in section
Field MINSAM Number (Double) 8 Minimum number of samples recommended for section
Field PCISTA Number (Double) 8 *INTERNAL USE* *VALUE NOT REQUIRED*
Field LOAD Number (Double) 8 Percent of distress due to: LOAD
Field CLIMATE Number (Double) 8 Percent of distress due to: CLIMATE
Field OTHER Number (Double) 8 Percent of distress due to: OTHER

Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 117

OBJECT NAME DATA TYPE DATA SIZE USAGE

Table TRAFFIC TRAFFIC.DBF (Traffic survey Details)

Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field SURVEY Date/Time 8 Starting date of traffic survey
Field AIRTYPE Text 15 (Airfields) Aircraft model
Field ANNDEP Number (Double) 8 (Airfields) Annual number of departures
Field AVDAILY Number (Double) 8 (Airfields) Average number of daily departures
Field PERDESGN Number (Double) 8 (Roadways) Percent of traffic in design lane
Field PER2AT Number (Double) 8 (Roadways) Percent of twin axle trucks in design lane
Field PER3AT Number (Double) 8 (Roadways) Percent of trucks with 3 or more axles in
design lane
Field ESAL Number (Double) 8 (Roadways) Annual ESAL in design lane
Field COMMENT Text 70 Comments related to traffic survey
Field ENDDATE Date/Time 8 Ending date of traffic survey

Table MATPRO MATPRO.DBF (Layer and Materials Testing Details)

Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field LAYER Text 10 Layer type: OVERLAY, SURFACE, BASE, SUBBASE,
SUBGRADE
Field TESTTYPE Text 50 Test type
Field TESTDATE Date/Time 8 Date of test
Field TESTLOC Text 10 Location of test
Field TESTVAL Text 10 Result value of test
Field DEPTH Number (Double) 8 Depth from layer surface
Field COMMENT Text 70 Comments related to Material Test

Table WORREQ WORKREQ.DBF (Pavement Work Required Details)

Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field WORKTYPE Text 5 Work type code
Field STADATE Date/Time 8 Date to start project
Field IDDATE Date/Time 8 Proposed date to start project
Field PROPOSAL Text 12 Proposal Id
Field PHASE Text 2 Project phase
Field ACCOMP Text 1 Manner Accomplished I=Inhouse C=Contractor
Field QTY Number (Double) 8 Quantity of work type to be performed
Field COST Number (Double) 8 Cost based on work type and quantity
Field MATERIAL Number (Double) 8 Material type used for work type
Field THICK Number (Double) 8 Thickness of material
Field COMMENT Text 70 Comments related to project

118 Appendices Micro PAVER 5.2

OBJECT NAME DATA TYPE DATA SIZE USAGE

Table WORKHIST WORKHIST.DBF (Pavement Work History Details)

Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field WORKTYPE Text 5 Work type code
Field COMPLETE Date/Time 8 Date work completed
Field MATERIAL Number (Double) 8 Material type used for work type
Field THICK Number (Double) 8 Thickness of material
Field ACCOMP Text 1 Manner Accomplished I=Inhouse C=Contractor
Field QTY Number (Double) 8 Quantity of work type to be performed
Field COST Number (Double) 8 Cost based on work type and quantity
Field COMMENT Text 70 Comments related to project
Field STADATE Date/Time 8 Date project started
Field IDDATE Date/Time 8 Proposed date to start project
Field PROPOSAL Text 12 Proposal Id
Field PHASE Text 2 Project phase

Table NDT1 NDT1.DBF (FWD Testing Summary)(Not imported into

PAVER 4.0)
Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field LOCATION Number (Double) 8 Area tested. (Center, Wheel Path, Edge Loading, Corner,
Etc.)
Field STATION Number (Double) 8 Station number tested
Field TESTDATE Date/Time 8 Date of testing
Field TEMP Number (Double) 8 Air temperature
Field LOAD Number (Double) 8 Test load in kilograms
Field MAXDEF Number (Double) 8 Maximum deflection in mils
Field TRANSFER Number (Double) 8 Load transfer in percent
Field TESTTYPE Text 1 NDT type: D=Design, A=Average

Table NDT2 NDT2.DBF (FWD Testing Detail)(Not imported into

PAVER 4.0)
Field NETWORK Text 10 Large group of pavements. Usually Airport, City, Sub-
Division Identifier
Field BRANCH Text 10 Medium grouping of pavements. Usually runway,
taxiway, apron, street name.
Field SECTION Text 10 Area of same pavement type. This is the unit of
pavement used for inspection rating methods.
Field LOCATION Number (Double) 8 Area tested. (Center, Wheel Path, Edge Loading, Corner,
Etc.)
Field STATION Number (Double) 8 Station number tested
Field TESTDATE Date/Time 8 Date of testing
Field TEMP Number (Double) 8 Air temperature
Field LOAD Number (Double) 8 Test load in kilograms
Field SENSOR Number (Double) 8 Sensor measured
Field DISTANCE Number (Double) 8 Sensor distance from load
Field DEFLECT Number (Double) 8 Sensor deflection in mils

Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 119

Appendix E

Example Pavement Survey Forms

Included on the following pages are some example forms for surveying asphalt and concrete pavements. The
six example forms are:

- Concrete Surfaced Roads and Parking Lots

- Asphalt Surfaced Roads and Parking Lots
- Airfield Concrete Pavement
- Airfield Asphalt Pavement
- Unsurfaced Roads
- Deduct Values
 CONCRETE SURFACED ROADS AND PARKING LOTS
CONDITION SURVEY DATA SHEET FOR SAMPLE UNIT

BRANCH SECTION SAMPLE UNIT

SURVEYED BY DATE SAMPLE AREA

DISTRESS TYPES SKETCH:

31. Polished Aggregate

32. Poouts ? ? ? ? ?
33.Pumping
34. Punchout 10
35. Railroad Crossing
36. Scaling
37. Shrinkage ? ? ? ? ?
38. Spalling Corner
39. Spalling Joint 9

? ? ? ? ?
DEDUCT
DIST TYPE NO. SLABS DENSITY %
VALUE 8

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

1 2 3 4
 ASPHALT SURFACED ROADS AND PARKING LOTS SKETCH:
CONDITION SURVEY DATA SHEET
FOR SAMPLE UNIT
BRANCH DATE
SURVEYED BY SAMPLE UNIT
SECTION SAMPLE AREA

1. Alligator Cracking Sq Ft 6. Depression Sq Ft 11. Patching & Util Cut Patching Sq Ft 16. Shoving Sq Ft
2. Bleeding Sq Ft 7. Edge Cracking Ft 12. Polished Aggregate Sq Ft 17. Slippage Cracking Sq Ft
3. Block Cracking Sq Ft 8. Jt. Reflection Cracking Ft 13. Potholes Count 18. Swell Sq Ft
4. Bumps and Sags Ft 9. Lane/Shoulder Drop Off Ft 14. Railroad Crossing Sq Ft 19. Weathering/Ravelling Sq Ft
15. Rutting Sq Ft

DISTRESS TYPE & DENSITY DEDUCT

QUANTITY TOTAL
SEVERITY % VALUE
 AIRFIELD CONCRETE PAVEMENTS
CONDITION SURVEY DATA SHEET FOR SAMPLE UNIT

BRANCH SECTION SAMPLE UNIT

SURVEYED BY DATE SAMPLE AREA

DISTRESS TYPES SKETCH:

69. Pumping
70. Scaling/Map Crack/ ? ? ? ? ?
Crazing
71. Settlement/Fault 10
72. Shattered Slab
73. Shrinkage Crack ? ? ? ? ?
74. Spalling-Joints
75. Spalling-Corner 9

? ? ? ? ?
DEDUCT
DIST TYPE NO. SLABS DENSITY %
VALUE 8

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ?

1 2 3 4
 AIRFIELD ASPHALT PAVEMENT SKETCH:
CONDITION SURVEY DATA SHEET
FOR SAMPLE UNIT
BRANCH DATE
SURVEYED BY SAMPLE UNIT
SECTION SAMPLE AREA

41. Alligator Cracking Sq Ft 45. Depression Sq Ft 49. Oil Spillage Sq Ft 53. Rutting Sq Ft
42. Bleeding Sq Ft 46. Jet Blast Sq Ft 50. Patching Sq Ft 54. Shoving from PCC Sq Ft
43. Block Cracking Sq Ft 47. Jt. Reflection (PCC) Ft 51. Polished Aggregate Sq Ft 55. Slippage Cracking Sq Ft
44. Corrugation Sq Ft 48. Long. & Trans. Cracking Ft 52. Raveling/Weathering Sq Ft 56. Swell Sq Ft

DISTRESS TYPE & DENSITY DEDUCT

QUANTITY TOTAL
SEVERITY % VALUE
 UNSURFACED ROADS SKETCH:
CONDITION SURVEY DATA SHEET
FOR SAMPLE UNIT
BRANCH DATE
SURVEYED BY SAMPLE UNIT
SECTION SAMPLE AREA

1. Improper Cross Section Linear Ft 13. Potholes Count

2. Inadequate Roadside Drainage Sq Ft 12. Ruts Sq Ft
3. Corrugations Sq Ft 12. Loose Aggregate Linear Ft
5. Dust

DISTRESS TYPE & DENSITY DEDUCT

QUANTITY TOTAL
SEVERITY % VALUE
No. DEDUCT VALUES TOTAL q CDV

9
Appendix F

Load & Climate Distresses

Asphalt Surfaced Roads and Parking Lots

Pavement Distress Distress Type
1. Alligator Cracking Load
2. Bleeding Other
3. Block Cracking Climate/Durability
4. Bumps & Sags Other
5. Corrugation Other
6. Depression Other
7. Edge Cracking Load
8. Joint Reflection Cracking Climate/Durability
9. Lane/Shoulder Drop Off Other
10. Longitudinal/Transverse Cracking Climate/Durability
11. Patch/Utility Cut Other
12. Polished Aggregate Other
13. Pothole Load
14. Railroad Crossing Other
15. Rutting Load
16. Shoving Other
17. Slippage Cracking Other
18. Swell Other
19. Weathering/Raveling Climate/Durability

Concrete Surfaced Roads and Parking Lots

Pavement Distress Distress Type
21. Blow Up Climate/Durability
22. Corner Break Load
23. Divided Slab Load
24. Durability Cracking Climate/Durability

Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 127

25. Faulting Other
26. Joint Seal Damage Climate/Durability
27. Lane/Shoulder Drop Off Other
28. Linear Cracking Load
29. Large Patch/Utility Cut Other
30. Small Patch Other
31. Polished Aggregate Other
32. Popouts Other
33. Pumping Other
34. Punchout Load
35. Railroad Crossing Other
36. Scaling/Crazing Other
37. Shrinkage Cracking Climate/Durability
38. Corner Spalling Climate/Durability
39. Joint Spalling Climate/Durability

Asphalt Surfaced Airfields

Pavement Distress Distress Type
41. Alligator Cracking Load
42. Bleeding Other
43. Block Cracking Climate/Durability
44. Corrugation Other
45. Depression Other
46. Jet Blast Other
47. Joint Reflection Cracking Climate/Durability
48. Longitudinal/Transverse Cracking Climate/Durability
49. Oil Spillage Other
50. Patching Climate/Durability
51. Polished Aggregate Other
52. Weathering/Raveling Climate/Durability
53. Rutting Load
54. Shoving Other
55. Slippage Cracking Other
56. Swell Other

128 Appendices Micro PAVER 5.2

Concrete Surfaced Airfields
Pavement Distress Distress Type
61. Blow Up Climate/Durability
62. Corner Break Load
63. Linear Cracking Load
64. Durability Cracking Climate/Durability
65. Joint Seal Damage Climate/Durability
66. Small Patch Other
67. Large Patch/Utility Cut Other
68. Popouts Other
69. Pumping Other
70. Scaling/Crazing Other
71. Faulting Other
72. Shattered Slab Load
73. Shrinkage Cracking Other
74. Joint Spalling Other
75. Corner Spalling Other

Unsurfaced Roads
Pavement Distress Distress Type
81. Improper Cross Section Other
82. Inadequate Roadside Drainage Other
83. Corrugation Climate/Durability
84. Dust Other
85. Pothole Climate/Durability
86. Rutting Climate/Durability
87. Loose Aggregate Other

Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 129

Appendix G

Micro PAVER Network Installation

There are two methods for using Micro PAVER in a networked environment. The two methods vary based on the
labor involved in setting up the system, and the capabilities of the network.

Method 1

This method sets up the Micro PAVER software on the network server, allowing up to two users at a time to use the
system. However, there are some limitations to this method. Only one user can use certain features of PAVER (i.e.
the work plan, condition analysis, and inspection scheduling) at a time. Also, each computer operating the software
requires the system files for PAVER. In addition to creating the C:\EMS Program Files\User Data\ directory, PAVER
installs several files in the C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\ directory. These are the files, referred to as system files,
required to operate the tables and forms built in PAVER. To obtain the system files, it is necessary to install PAVER
on the local machine. Since only the system files are necessary, it is possible to delete the CERL.ITS directory from
the local computer that holds the main PAVER program. The main program is executed on the server. PAVER
import/export features will not operate with this method. Any use of PAVER import or export features will lock other
users out of the system.

Method 2

This method involves installing Micro PAVER on each PC. The databases are then stored on the server. To store
the databases on the server, create a directory to house all of the PAVER databases. A local machine which has
the database installed will have several files, which need to be moved to the remote pavement database directory.
The first file to be installed is in the EMS Program Files\User Data directory. The file will be called (database
name).pvr and should have a corresponding directory with the name of the database. The directory also needs to be
copied to the master pavement database directory on the server. However, the systems files are not transferable, and
remain on the local machine. This method will support any number of users. Users can access the same data-
base, but PAVER has record-level locking security, which means that no two people can edit the same elements of
the database simultaneously. However, this eliminates the conflict of running multiple work plans on the same
database, since each user essentially works off of a copy of the original database. The PAVER import/export
features do operate on this setup, but any database that is involved in an import/export operation is inaccessible by
other users. This method is typically the faster of the two.

Note: The performance of the network systems will be decreased from the stand-alone Micro PAVER.
Appendix H

Computing Work Quantity from Distress Quantity

1. We look in the “Work Conversion By Work Type” table given below. If the work type is there (which is
currently only true for Slab Replacement – PCC, we say the work quantity is equal to the slab area.

Work Name Conversion Type Multiplier

Slab Replacement – PCC Slab Area 1

2. If there is no conversion by work type, we try to look up the conversion by distress type, severity, and work
unit type in the table given below. If a matching record is found, we take the amount given by the conversion
type column (e.g., for distress 21, we use slab width) and multiply it by the distress quantity and the value
in the multiplier column to get the work quantity. The conversion type definitions are:

a. Slab Width: Work quantity = distress quantity x slab width x multiplier

b. Slab Length: work quantity = distress quantity x slab length x multiplier
c. Slab Area: work quantity = (slab width x slab length) x distress quantity x multiplier.
d. Constant: Work quantity = distress quantity x multiplier
e. Joint Calculation: Work quantity = Joint Length x (distress quantity/number of slabs) x multiplier
f. Distress Area: Work quantity = distress area x multiplier
g. Slab Length + Width : Work quantity = (slab width + slab length) x distress quantity x multiplier
h. Patch Area: Work quantity = distress quantity + (0.6096 x SquareRoot(Distress quantity/Multiplier) x
(multiplier + 1)) + 0.3716

Otherwise, work quantity = distress quantity x multiplier

Distress Work Unit
Code Description Severity Type Conversion Type Multiplier
1 ALLIGATOR CRACKING Any Any Patch Area 1.25
2 BLEEDING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
3 BLOCK CRACKING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
4 BUMPS/SAGS Any Any Distress Quantity 1
5 CORRUGATION Any Any Patch Area 1.25
6 DEPRESSION Any Any Patch Area 1.25
7 EDGE CRACKING Any Area Distress Quantity 0.5
7 EDGE CRACKING Any Linear Distress Quantity 1
8 JOINT REFLECTION CRACKING Any Area Distress Quantity 0.5
8 JOINT REFLECTION CRACKING Any Linear Distress Quantity 1
9 LANE/SHOULDER DROP Any Any Distress Quantity 1
10 LONGITUDINAL/TRANSVERSE CRACKING Distress Quantity 1
11 PATCH/UTILITY CUT Any Any Patch Area 1.25
12 POLISHED AGGREGATE Any Any Distress Quantity 1
13 POTHOLE H Any Constant 0.83613
13 POTHOLE M Any Constant 0.55742

Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 131

 Distress Work Unit
Code Description Severity Type Conversion Type Multiplier
13 POTHOLE L Any Constant 0.27871
14 RAILROAD CROSSING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
15 RUTTING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
16 SHOVING Any Any Patch Area 1.25
17 SLIPPAGE CRACKING Any Any Patch Area 1.25
18 SWELL Any Any Patch Area 1.25
19 WEATHERING/RAVELING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
21 BLOW-UP/SHATTER H Linear Slab Width 1
21 BLOW-UP/SHATTER H Area Slab Width 2
21 BLOW-UP/SHATTER L Linear Slab Width 1
21 BLOW-UP/SHATTER L Area Slab Width 1
21 BLOW-UP/SHATTER M Linear Slab Width 1
21 BLOW-UP/SHATTER M Area Slab Width 1.5
22 CORNER BREAK L Area Constant 3
22 CORNER BREAK H Area Constant 3
22 CORNER BREAK L Linear Constant 2.5
22 CORNER BREAK H Linear Constant 2.5
22 CORNER BREAK M Area Constant 3
22 CORNER BREAK M Linear Constant 2.5
23 DIVIDED SLAB Any Linear Width 1
23 DIVIDED SLAB Any Area Slab Area 1
24 DURABILITY CRACKING L Linear Slab Width 1
24 DURABILITY CRACKING H Area Slab Area 1
24 DURABILITY CRACKING L Area Slab Width 1
24 DURABILITY CRACKING M Linear Slab Width 1
24 DURABILITY CRACKING H Linear Width 1
24 DURABILITY CRACKING M Area Slab Width 1.25
25 FAULTING Any Any Slab Width 1
26 JOINT SEAL DAMAGE Any Area Joint Calculation 0.3048
26 JOINT SEAL DAMAGE Any Linear Joint Calculation 1
27 LANE/SHOULDER DROP Any Area SlabLength 1
27 LANE/SHOULDER DROP Any Linear Slab Length 1
28 LINEAR CRACKING Any Linear Width 0.5
28 LINEAR CRACKING Any Area Slab Area 1
29 LARGE PATCH/UTILITY CUT Any Area Slab Width 1.5
29 LARGE PATCH/UTILITY CUT Any Linear Slab Width 1
30 SMALL PATCH Any Linear Constant 0.5
30 SMALL PATCH Any Area Constant 0.25
31 POLISHED AGGREGATE Any Linear Slab Length 1
31 POLISHED AGGREGATE Any Area Slab Area 1
32 POPOUTS Any Linear Slab Length 1
32 POPOUTS Any Area Slab Area 1
33 PUMPING Any Linear Slab Width 1
33 PUMPING Any Area Slab Width 0.3048
34 PUNCHOUT Any Area Slab Width 1.5
34 PUNCHOUT Any Linear Slab Width 1
35 RAILROAD CROSSING Any Linear Slab Width 1
35 RAILROAD CROSSING Any Area Slab Width 1.5
36 SCALING/CRAZING M Area Slab Width 1.25

132 Appendices Micro PAVER 5.2

 Distress Work Unit
Code Description Severity Type Conversion Type Multiplier
36 SCALING/CRAZING M Linear Slab Width 1
36 SCALING/CRAZING L Linear Slab Width 1
36 SCALING/CRAZING L Area Slab Width 1.25
36 SCALING/CRAZING H Linear Width 1
36 SCALING/CRAZING H Area Slab Area 1.25
37 SHRINKAGE CRACKING Any Linear Constant 1.5
37 SHRINKAGE CRACKING Any Area Constant 0.305
38 CORNER SPALLING Any Area Constant 0.25
38 CORNER SPALLING Any Linear Constant 0.5
39 JOINT SPALLING L Linear Constant 0.5
39 JOINT SPALLING M Area Slab Width 0.5
39 JOINT SPALLING H Area Slab Width 0.5
39 JOINT SPALLING M Linear Slab Width 0.5
39 JOINT SPALLING L Area Slab Width 0.25
39 JOINT SPALLING H Linear Slab Width 1
41 ALLIGATOR CRACKING Any Any Patch Area 1.25
42 BLEEDING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
43 BLOCK CRACKING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
44 CORRUGATION Any Any Patch Area 1.25
45 DEPRESSION Any Any Patch Area 1.25
46 JET BLAST Any Any Distress Quantity 1
47 JOINT REFLECTION CRACKING Any Linear Distress Quantity 1
47 JOINT REFLECTION CRACKING Any Area Distress Quantity 0.5
48 LONGITUDINAL/TRANSVERSE CRACKING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
49 OIL SPILLAGE Any Any Patch Area 1.25
50 PATCHING Any Any Patch Area 1.25
51 POLISHED AGGREGATE Any Any Distress Quantity 1
52 WEATHERING/RAVELING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
53 RUTTING Any Any Distress Quantity 1
54 SHOVING Any Any Patch Area 1.25
55 SLIPPAGE CRACKING Any Any Patch Area 1.25
56 SWELLING Any Any Patch Area 1.25
61 BLOW-UP/SHATTER L Linear Slab Width 1
61 BLOW-UP/SHATTER H Area Slab Width 2
61 BLOW-UP/SHATTER M Area Slab Width 1.5
61 BLOW-UP/SHATTER H Linear Slab Width 1
61 BLOW-UP/SHATTER M Linear Slab Width 1
61 BLOW-UP/SHATTER L Area Slab Width 1
62 CORNER BREAK M Linear Constant 2.5
62 CORNER BREAK H Area Constant 3
62 CORNER BREAK M Area Constant 3
62 CORNER BREAK L Area Constant 3
62 CORNER BREAK L Linear Constant 2.5
62 CORNER BREAK H Linear Constant 2.5
63 LINEAR CRACKING Any Any Width 0.5
63 LINEAR CRACKING Any Area Slab Area 1
64 DURABILITY CRACKING H Linear Width 1
64 DURABILITY CRACKING M Area Slab Width 1.25
64 DURABILITY CRACKING M Linear Slab Width 1

Micro PAVER 5.2 Appendices 133

 Distress Work Unit
Code Description Severity Type Conversion Type Multiplier
64 DURABILITY CRACKING L Area Slab Width 1
64 DURABILITY CRACKING L Linear Slab Width 1
64 DURABILITY CRACKING H Area Slab Area 1
65 JOINT SEAL DAMAGE Any Area Joint Calculation 0.3048
65 JOINT SEAL DAMAGE Any Linear Joint Calculation 1
66 SMALL PATCH Any Linear Constant 0.5
66 SMALL PATCH Any Area Constant 0.25
67 LARGE PATCH/UTILITY CUT Any Linear Slab Width 1
67 LARGE PATCH/UTILITY CUT Any Area Slab Width 1.5
68 POPOUTS Any Area Slab Area 1
68 POPOUTS Any Linear Slab Length 1
69 PUMPING Any Linear Slab Width 1
69 PUMPING Any Area Slab Width 0.3048
70 SCALING/CRAZING L Area Slab Width 1.25
70 SCALING/CRAZING H Area Slab Area 1.25
70 SCALING/CRAZING H Linear Width 1
70 SCALING/CRAZING M Linear Slab Width 1
70 SCALING/CRAZING L Linear Slab Width 1
70 SCALING/CRAZING M Area Slab Width 1.25
71 FAULTING Any Any Slab Width 1
72 DIVIDED SLAB Any Linear Width 1
72 DIVIDED SLAB Any Area Slab Area 1
73 SHRINKAGE CRACKING Any Area Constant 0.3048
73 SHRINKAGE CRACKING Any Linear Constant 1.5
74 JOINT SPALLING L Linear Constant 0.5
74 JOINT SPALLING L Area Slab Width 0.25
74 JOINT SPALLING M Linear Slab Width 0.5
74 JOINT SPALLING M Area Slab Width 0.5
74 JOINT SPALLING H Linear Slab Width 1
74 JOINT SPALLING H Area Slab Width 0.5
75 CORNER SPALLING Any Linear Constant 0.5
75 CORNER SPALLING Any Area Constant 0.25

134 Appendices Micro PAVER 5.2

Glossary

Check Box
A Microsoft Windows standard user interface item for indicating a user selection. Check boxes are small
square items that are displayed in an array for the user to make a selection(s) from. When the mouse is pointing
to the check box and the left mouse button is clicked a check mark or ‘X” will appear in the check box. Typi-
cally check boxes are used when more than one option can be selected from a list.

Critical PCI
Defined as the PCI value at which the rate of PCI loss increases with time, or the cost of applying localized
preventive maintenance increases significantly.

Drop Down Menu

A Microsoft Windows standard menu, that is associated with a data entry form or grid. The drop down menu
contains a list of the available selections for a data entry field. The drop list is not visible until the field associated
with the drop list is selected by the user. When the Field is selected the drop list is activated by clicking the
small down arrow located in the far right portion of the field mask. Alternately referred to as a picklist or drop
list.

EMS Picture Server

The EMS Picture Tool is an interface for storing images associated with a particular pavement database. Im-
ages can be associated with the a network, or assigned to individual branches and sections. It provides a
convenient way to establish a pictorial record of database units.

EMS Query
A PAVER for Windows tool used to temporarily select a subset of pavement sections for analysis or reporting.
The application of a query to the active database does not cause any records in the database to changed or
deleted. The query tool can also be used to specify the sort order of report results.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Glossary of Terms 135

Family
A pavement “family” is defined as a group of pavement sections with similar deterioration characteristics. The
family model is estimated from the plot of observed age and condition measurements for pavements with similar
attributes.

GIS
Geographical Information System (GIS) refers to a system that presents data in the context of a map. GIS can
be used to display PAVER inventory, condition, distress, cost and other pavement data as color-coded maps.

Global Preventive Maintenance & Repair (M&R)

Defined as activities applied to entire pavement sections with the primary objective of slowing the rate of
deterioration. This policy is applied to pavements above the critical PCI.

Localized Stop-Gap (Safety) Maintenance and Repair

Stopgap M&R is defined as the localized M&R needed to keep the pavement operational in a safe condition.
This policy is applied to pavements below the critical PCI.

Localized Preventive M&R

Defined as distress maintenance activities performed with the primary objective of slowing the rate of deteriora-
tion. This policy is applied to pavements above the critical PCI.

Major M&R
Activities applied to the entire pavement section to correct or improve existing structural or functional require-
ments. It is also used to upgrade pavements below the critical PCI.

Modal
A Microsoft Windows form for displaying or collecting information. A modal form must be configured and
executed or closed before you can resume other PAVER or Windows tasks.

Parameter Collection Screen

A Microsoft Windows form that is used to configure the PAVER Condition Analysis, Work Plan and Inspection
Schedule Reports. The parameter collection screens displays the default settings for the various report param-
eters that can be configured by the user. In general the values on the form can be adjusted to reflect the desired
setting. The parameter collection screen is a modal screen.

136 Glossary of Terms Micro PAVER 5.2

PAT
A Polygon Attribute Table (PAT) is a list used by a Geographical Information System (GIS) to relate database
information (such as PAVER PCI values) to a GIS map location. In PAVERGIS the PAT is used to describe
the sections in a PAVER database. Polygons are used in GIS to represent PAVER features (roads, parking
lots, runways, aprons, etc) and then tabular data is attached to the features. A coverage is defined by several
files. Some of the files contain graphical information, while others contain table information.

Pavement Condition Index (PCI)

The PCI is the default condition index for the PAVER system. A numerical index, ranging from 0 for a failed
pavement to 100 for a pavement in perfect condition. Calculation of the PCI is based on the results of a visual
condition survey in which distress type, severity, and quantity are identified. It was developed to provide an
index of the pavement’s structural integrity and surface operational condition.

Pavement Network
A logical unit for organizing pavements into a structure for the purpose of pavement management. A network
will consist of one or more pavement branches, which in turn may consist of one or many pavement sections.
The network is the point of origin for the hierarchy of pavement management structures.

Pavement Branch
A branch is a readily identifiable part of the pavement network and has a distinct function. For example, an
individual street or a parking lot would each be considered a separate branch of the pavement network. Simi-
larly, an airfield pavement such as a runway or a taxiway would each be considered a separate branch.

Pavement Section
A section should be viewed as the smallest management unit when considering the application and selection of
M&R treatments. It is a logical unit assigned to a stretch of pavement that exhibits a common age, construction
type, traffic and other criteria. The terminus or leaf point in the hierarchy of defined pavement management
structures. A pavement section will be defined as a subordinate of a pavement branch, which in turn will be a
subordinate of a parent pavement network.

PAVER Button Bar

The array of eight buttons displayed across the top of the PAVER for Windows Desktop are used to invoke the
most used PAVER for Windows features. Each button contains descriptive text and a graphic related to the
function of the program the button launches.

PAVERGIS
The program that transfers data from the PAVER (4.1 for Windows and 3.2g) environment to the GIS environ-
ment. It facilitates the process of linking pavement database information with representative objects in a GIS
coverage.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Glossary of Terms 137

Picklist
A Microsoft Windows standard menu associated with a data entry form or grid. The picklist menu contains a
list of the available selections for a data entry field. The picklist is not visible until the field associated with the
picklist is selected by the user. When the Field is selected the picklist is activated by clicking the small down
arrow located in the far right portion of the field mask. Alternately referred to as a drop menu or drop list.

PID
Pavement Identification (PID) is the unique combination of pavement inventory information that makes a par-
ticular pavement section unique. The PID is formed from the network ID, branch ID and section ID.

Structured Query Language (SQL)

A standard database access language (collection of commands, control clauses, etc) supported by all major
database managers. Structured Query Language, or SQL, provides a standard way to get or view information
from a database, or put information into a database.

Radio Button
A Microsoft Windows standard user interface item for indicating a user selection. Radio buttons are small
circular items that typically displayed in array for the user to make a mutually exclusive selection from.

Report Viewer
A standard PAVER for Windows interface used to display report results. The report viewer presents results as
spreadsheet tables with associated graphs where applicable. The Condition Analysis Report, M&R Planning
Report, and the Inspection Scheduling Report all present their results in the EMS Report Viewer format.

Right Button Click Feature

Added capabilities available for an object, either a PAVER spreadsheet table or a graph that are accessed by
pointing to the object with the mouse and clicking the right mouse button.

Tab Table Data

The common PAVER for Windows data that is edited on Tab Table forms. Tab Table data includes the PAVER
User Defined Fields tables, Inventory picklists, Work Plan tables, Materials, and Misc. Other Tables.

Tab Table Form

Microsoft standard form for editing and reviewing data. The Tab Table form simulates index cards that can be
selected by pointing to the index tab portion of the card with the mouse and pressing the left mouse button.

138 Glossary of Terms Micro PAVER 5.2

User Defined Fields
Discretionary inventory information that can be added to the existing attributes for networks, branches, and
sections. A total of nine user defined fields are available, three for each inventory item.

View menu
An item on the PAVER Menu, that is active only when the Report Viewer is the Active Window. The View
Menu lists the available tables. Open tables have a check mark to the left of the menu item.

Micro PAVER 5.2 Glossary of Terms 139

Index
B EMS Tools in PAVER 23–27
EMS Query Tool 24
Basic PAVER Features 19–22 Exiting the Report Viewer 27
Adjusting Table and Graph Sizes 22 Report Viewer - Summary and Detail Options 25
Index Cards 20 Report Viewer Tables 26
Printing Screen Images 22 Right Button Click on Graphs 24
Spreadsheet Forms 19 Right Button Click on Tables 23
Tab Tables 21 Using the EMS Query Tool 24
Units of Measurement 22 View Menu - Display Specific Report Information 26
C F
Combine/Subset Database 37–38 Family Assignment 73–74
Condition Analysis Report 89–92 Change Family Assignments 73–74
Analyzing Pavements 90–91 Flexible Report 78–80
Configuration 89 Create New Report 79
Open Saved Report 92 Display a Memorized Report 78
Overview 89 Edit Current Report 80
Views 91–92
Condition Data Import (ASCII) 101 G
Condition Data Import (Database) 102
GIS Assignment selection tool 45
Condition Tools 35
Button Funcitons 46
Define Condition and Age Categories 35
GIS Reports 80–81
Define User Distress Indices 35
General Info 81
Select Condition Types 35
Last PCI 80
Copy and Move Data 42

D H
Handheld Data Import 102
Database Verification Tools 41, 43
Basic Software Operation 103
Define User Fields 29–30
Process Overview 103
Additional User Fields 30
Detailed Process 104
Customize Table Headings and Width 30
Backup Inspection Data 106
NSORT - BSORT - SSORT 29
Download Sections to Inspect 104
E Import Backup Data into PAVER 107
Inspections Using the Handheld PCI Inspector 105
EMS Image Viewer 61–62 Hardware/Software Requirements 102
Edit an Image 62 Software Installation 102
Other Image File Options 62
Store an Image 61
Viewing Images 62

140 Index Micro PAVER 5.2

I P
Import / Export 38–40 PAVER Organization 17–18
5.0 Export Procedure 38–39 PAVER Shape File Converter
5.0 Import Procedure 39–40 Converting from PAVER 4.x to 5.0 49
Inspection Data Import (PAVER Database) 70 Procedure 49
Inspection Schedule 71–72 PCI and Distress Indices 65–69
Open Saved Report 72 Batch Inspection Data Entry 68
Report 71–72 Calculating the PCI after Inspection 69
Inventory 55–63 Entering Inspection Dates and Samples 65–67
Definition 55–60 Entering Inspection Information 67
Branch Creation 57–58 Field Inspection - Basic Operations 65
Conditions/Families 60 Keyboard Entry 68
Managing Pavement Inventory 55–56 Prediction Model 83–87
Network Creation 56 Assign Family 87
Section Creation 58–59 Building Family Models 83
Traffic 63 Options 86
Inventory Pick Lists 31 Other Condition Prediction Model Features 87
Review Model Data 85
M Use Boundary/Outlier 85–86
M&R Plan 93–100 Using the Prediction Model 83–84
Analyzing M&R Activity 98 View Equation and Stats 86
Configuration 93
R
Detail View 99–100
Open Saved Report 100 Re-Inspection Report 77–78
Plan Mode 94–95
Policies and Costs 96–98 S
Scope 93 Selectors 51–53
Summary View 98–99 GIS Selector 52
Timing 94 Navigating the Pavement Inventory 51
M&R Plan Tables 31–34 Tab Selector 52
Budgets 34 Tree and GIS Selector 53
Global M&R 32 Tree Selector 51
Localized M&R 32 Shape File Coordinate Shift 49
M&R Cost by Condition 33 Standard Reports 76–77
Major M&R 32–33 Summary Charts 75
Misc. Other Tables 35–36
Aircraft Type 35
Layer Construct 36
Materials 36
Unit of Measure (Field) Settings 36

O
Other Conditions 69
User-Editable Condition Indices 69

Micro PAVER 5.2 Index 141