The diagram below gives the information about the Hawaiian island chain in the centre of the Pacific

Ocean.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

The Hawaiian island chain, in the centre of the Pacific Ocean, is approximately 2,700 km in length. It is formed of volcanoes and the active ones are at the south-
east tip of the archipelago, where Hawaii itself is located.

It is believed that the chain began to form nearly 80 million years ago. Each island started to evolve after an eruption on the sea floor. First, a `hot spot' existed on
the ocean bed, which let out a plume of material called magma. This magma may originate as deep as 2,883km below the ocean bed. Next, further eruptions took
place, which built up the volcano. Eventually, it emerged above the surface of the ocean.

Since that time, the spume of magma has remained static as the Pacific tectonic plate moves in a north-west direction across it at a speed of 7-9cm per year. As it
moves, a volcano forms as it passes over the hotspot and then become inactive when it has passed it.

(164 words)

The diagrams below give information about the Eiffel Tower in Paris and an outline project to extend it underground.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

The Eiffel Tower is situated close to the Seine River in Paris. It is a metal structure that is 1,063 feet high and weighs 7,417 tonnes. The tower has been a tourist
attraction since 1889, when it was built, and there are 1,665 steps that can be climbed in order to reach the two viewing platforms.

There are now plans to build below the foundations of the tower. These plans include the development of five underground levels that will incorporate the tower's
ticket office, shopping facilities, a cinema and museum and two floors of underground parking.

Although details have yet to be finalised, the principle is that the five floors will be connected by two vertical passenger lifts on either side of the tower. In addition,
the floor immediately below the tower, which is planned to house the ticket office, will also consist of a large atrium with a glass ceiling so that visitors can look
directly up at the tower itself.

The graph below gives information about the preferred leisure activities of Australian children.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

The graph shows the preferred leisure sctivities of Australian children aged 5-14. As might be expected, it is clear from the data that sedentary pursuits are far
more popular nowadays than active ones.

Of the 10,000 children that were interviewed, all the boys and girls stated that they enjoyed watching TV or videos in their spare time. In addition, the second most
popular activity, attracting 80% of boys and 60% of girls, was playing electronic or computer games. While girls rated activities such as art and craft highly – just
under 60% stated that they enjoyed these in their spare time – only 35% of boys opted for creative pastimes. Bike riding, on the other hand, was almost as popular
as electronic games amongst boys and, perhaps surprisingly, almost 60% of girls said that they enjoyed this too. Skateboarding was relatively less popular
amongst both boys and girls, although it still attracted 35% of boys and 25% of girls.

(157 words)

The diagram below shows how a central heating system in a house works.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

This diagram provides an overview of a domestic central heating system. It shows how the tank, boiler and pipes ensure a constant flow of hot waterto both the
radiators and the taps.

The cold water enters the house and is stored in a water storage tank in the roof. From there ü flows down to the boiler, located on the ground floor of the house.

The boiler, which is fuelled by gas or oil, heats up the water as it passes through it. The hot water is then pumped round the house through a system of pipes and
flows into the radiators, located in different rooms. The water circulates through the radiators, which have small tubes inside them to help distribute the heat, and
this warms each of the rooms. Some of the water is directed to the taps to provide hot water for the house.

Once the water has been through the pipes and radiators, it is returned to the boiler to be re-heated and circulated round the house again.

Introduction: First sentence. Overview: Second sentence.

Key features: Entry of cold water into boiler; circulation of hot waterto radiators and taps; return of waterto boiler.

Supporting information: direction of flow; types of boiler; location of radiators; radiator tubes

Paragraph breaks: The paragraph breaks mark stages in the process.

Linkers: and, from there, then, once, again Reference words: it, both, there, which, this

Topic vocabulary: enters, stored, roof, flows, ground floor, located, passes, pumped, system, circulates, heat, directed, returned, re-heated

Less common vocabulary: ensure, fuelled by, heats up, distribute the heat, warms

Structures: An appropriate mix of active and passive structures and a range of sentence types are used.

Length: 172 words

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.

You should write at least 150 words.

model answer:

In this analysis we will examine three pie charts. The first one is headed ‘World Spending.’ The second is ‘World Population’ and the third is ‘Consumption of
Resources.’

In the first chart we can see that people spend most of their income (24%) on food. In some countries this percentage would obviously be much higher. Transport
and then housing are the next major expenses at 18% and 12% respectively. Only 6% of income is spent on clothing.

In the second chart entitled ‘World Population’, it is not surprising to find that 57% of people live in Asia. In fact China and India are two of the most populated
countries in the world and they are both situated on this continent. Europe and the Americans account for nearly 30% of the total, whilst 10% of people live in
Africa.

Finally, the third chart reveals that the USA and Europe consume a huge 60% of the world’s resource.

To sum up, the major expenditure is on food, the population figures are the highest for Asia and the major consumers are the USA and Europe.

(182 words)

The table below give information about Favorite Pastimes in different countries.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

  From 30 - 50 years old

  TV Sport Reading Hobbies Music Beach Sleep

Canada 60 22 15 40 3 0 2
France / / 30 20 4 / /
England / / 30 21 4 / 20
Australia 65 30 15 45 5 30 4
Korea 22 21 60 45 2 2 4
China 15 25 60 50 0 5 5
USA 60 23 15 42 23 30 2
Japan / / 62 / / / /
model answer:

This table clearly presents and compares favorable pastimes in eight different countries. The pastimes, across the top of the table, are analyzed in relation to each
country.

As can be seen, about 60% of Canadians, Australians and Americans like watching television. On the other hand, this figure is quite low for China where only 15%
of people watch television. Predictably, Americans like music at 23%, whereas only 2 to 5% of people in the other countries feel the same way. 20% of people in
England enjoy sleeping as a pastime whereas in Canada and the USA, for example, the figure is only 2%. Interestingly, the Chinese like hobbies the most at 50%,
as opposed to only 20% in France. It isn’t surprising that the highest percentage of beach-lovers is in Australia and the USA at 30%.

It seems that pastimes of people of different nationalities may be influenced by a number of factors such as the socio-economic situation or the climate. These
factors influence cultural differences between different nationalities and make cross-cultural experiences more interesting.

(175 words)

The flowchart illustrates the production of coloured plastic paper clips in a small factory.

Write a report for a university tutor describing the production process.

Write at least 150 words.

model answer:

There are four main stages in the production of plastic paper clips from this small factory. Two of these stages involve actual preparation of the clips, while the
other two consist of quality control before the clips are sent out from the factory to the retailers to be sold to the public.

To begin with, molten plastic is poured into three different moulds depending on the colour required; the colours are red, blue and yellow. Once these clips emerge
from the moulds a quality control machine checks them for strength. Unsatisfactory clips are rejected. In the third stage in the process the clips are stored by hand
into two groups, mixed and single colours. When this stage is complete the groups are checked a second time to ensure that the colour mixtures are divided
correctly into single colours and mixed colour batches. Finally, the clips are packed and dispatched to the markets.

(152 words)

The graph below shows the differences in wheat exports over three different areas.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.
Write at least 150 words.

model answer:

The three graphs of wheat exports each show a quite different pattern between 1985 and 1990. Exports from Australia declined over the five-year period, while the
Canadian market fluctuated considerably, and the European Community showed an increase.

In 1985, Australia exported about 15 millions of tonnes of wheat and the following year the number increased by one million tonnes to 16 million. After that,
however, there was a gradual decline until 1989 and 1990 when it stabilised at about 11 million tonnes. Over the same period, the amount of Canadian exports
varied greatly. It started at 19 million tonnes in 1985, reached a peak in 1988 of 24 million, dropped dramatically in 1989 to 14 million tonnes and then climbed
back to 19 million in 1990. Seventeen million tonnes were exported from the European Community in 1985, but this decreased to 14 million tonnes in 1986 and
then rose to 15 million in 1987 and 1988 before increasing once more to 20 million in 1990.

(165 words)

In June 1996, an experimental flu vaccine was trialled in a large country town on females only.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

You should write at least 150 words.

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
model answer:

The diagrams show data for a flu epidemic which hit a large country town in 1996. Figure 1 gives the number of persons who died; Figure 2 shows the percentage
breakdown of females who received a new flu vaccine; and Figure 3 gives the number of cases of flu before and during the epidemic.

In Figure 1 it can be seen that the flu was responsible for the deaths of 2 females but no males in the period from March to May. However, from June to August,
there were 4 female deaths and 1 male death.

According to the pie chart in Figure 2, only those females most at risk were given the new flu vaccine; 28% did not take part in the trial. Of those females who took
part, 35% were aged (over 65 years old); 24% were babies or children; and 13% were either hospitalised or receiving other medical attention.

From Figure 3 it is clear that the new vaccine had a positive effect on the number of new cases of flu reported in females. There were just over 1000 cases
reported in March, climbing rapidly to a peak of 3500 in June. Thereafter, the number of cases dropped slowly to about 2800 in August, before levelling off at 2500
for the rest of the year. For males, the figures were lower but showed a similar trend throughout the epidemic.

(232 words)

The graph shows Underground Station Passenger Numbers in London.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

 You should write at least 150 words.

 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

model answer:

The graph shows the fluctuation in the number of people at a London underground station over the course of a day. 

The busiest time of the day is in the morning. There is a sharp increase between 06:00 and 08:00, with 400 people using the station at 8
o'clock. After this the numbers drop quickly to less than 200 at 10 o'clock. Between 11 am and 3 pm the number rises, with a plateau of just
under 300 people using the station. 

In the afternoon, numbers decline, with less than 100 using the station at 4 pm. There is then a rapid rise to a peak of 380 at 6pm. After 7
pm, numbers fall significantly, with only a slight increase again at 8pm, tailing off after 9 pm.

Overall, the graph shows that the station is most crowded in the early morning and early evening periods.