Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Laguna
Nagcarlan-Rizal District
Plaridel Integrated National High School
Brgy. Banago Nagcarlan, Laguna

Practical Research 2

Importance of
Quantitative
Research across
Fields
Quarter 1 Week 2 Module 2

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

1. Illustrates the importance of quantitative research across fields;
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you while
enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the objectives of
this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of this module.

2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances learning that
is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/ guardian assess your answers using the answer key card.

5. Analyze conceptually the post-test and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations – These are what you will be able to know after completing the lessons in the
module.
• Pre-test – This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be mastered throughout
the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson – This section will measure what learnings and skills did you
understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction – This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Activities – This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember – This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the lessons.

• Check your Understanding – It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test – This will measure how much you have learned from the entire module.

1
 Hello there! Welcome back to your journey in understanding
quantitative research. By this time, we will try to determine the
importance of quantitative researches across different disciplines.
Ready? First, let us determine your prior knowledge to our
discussion. Let’s begin!

PRE-TEST

Directions: Reach each statement carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write them on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. Why do people conduct research?
a. To find solutions to a particular problem.
b. To know the difference between facts and opinions.
c. To provide good opinions to issues concerning human.
d. To boost the morale of individuals who suffer from depression.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. The selection of a research design for any field should be within the parameters of
the research questions.
b. Quantitative approaches are typically associated with pessimistic perspective in
social research.
c. In conducting true experiments with people, no need for the introduction of
interventions.
d. Quasi-experiments are often used in laboratory experiments.
3. This field tends to be predominantly observational research based on surveys or
correlational studies.
a. Quantitative research and anthropology
b. Quantitative research and social sciences
c. Quantitative research and communication
d. Quantitative research and the medical education
4. “When a person has high intellectual quotient, does he tend to be socially aggressive?”
Which type of question is being referred to?
a. Question of variance
b. Question of difference
c. Question of prediction
d. Question of relationship
5. Why do we consider the process of measurement is central to quantitative research?

a. It triggers the interest in understanding a particular phenomenon that might be

generalized to a larger population.
b. It provides the correlation between observation and mathematical expression of
quantitative relationships.
c. It gets designs that contain many of the elements of a true experiment.
d. It tries to produce results that is tested in the natural world.

2
LESSON 2: Importance of Quantitative Research across Fields

EXPECTATIONS
This module will help you to:
• Determine why people conduct research
• Relate quantitative research to other disciplines
• Illustrate the importance of quantitative research across fields through graphic organizer

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

What do I remember?

Directions: From the description box, choose the correct answer. Write your answer in a separate
sheet of paper.

Descriptive Correlational Evaluative

Survey Causal-Comparative Experimental

1. It is primarily concerned with an orderly or systematic investigation of
the nature of relationships, or associations between and among
variables without necessarily investigating into casual reasons underlying them.

2. It is concerned with describing the nature, characteristics and components of the

population or a phenomenon.
3. This research utilizes scientific method to test cause-and-effect relationships under
conditions controlled by the researcher.
4. It is used to gather information from groups of people by selecting and studying samples
chosen from a population.
5. It is intended to assess the effects, impacts or outcomes of practices, policies or programs.

Directions: Write T if the statement is True, F if False. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. The main purpose of descriptive research design is to observe, describe and document
aspects of particular situations.
2. A research design constitutes the blueprint for the selection, measurement
and analysis of data.
3. Standardized instruments ensure the accuracy, reliability, and validity of data.

4. Quantitative research puts emphasis on proof, rather than discovery.

5. Quantitative methods cannot be repeated to verify its findings.

3
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Why do people conduct research? There are a two common reasons as to why there is a need
for people to conduct research. These are:
1. to find solutions to problem in order to develop, improve, or enhance ways of doing
things; and
2. to refute or offer new hypothesis or hypotheses
Research findings may affect the lives of people. These are used as bases for policy
formulation, crafting of laws, rules and regulations, among others. Because of the research’s emphasis
on data gathering used as proof or evidence, quantitative research had been commonly used in most
disciplines.

Importance of Quantitative Research and Its Benefits to Different Fields of Specialization

The production of research results greatly has big impact on the importance of quantitative
research. It is also a reflection of the specified specialization. The precise measurement and an in-
depth analysis of data will also give effectiveness of the product.

Attaining an objective consideration of people, things, places, and events in this world is
useful; meaning, attaching accurate or exact meanings to objects or subjects, rather than glamorous
words or overstated meanings resulting from the researcher’s bias or personal attachment to things
related to the research. It requires reliable measurement instruments or statistical methods, a
quantitative study enables people to study their surroundings as objective as they can. This kind of
research is as well as an effective method to obtain information about specified personality traits of a
group member or of the group as a whole as regards to the level of the relationship of their
characteristics and the reason behind the instability of some people’s characteristics.

Quantitative Research and Anthropology

Anthropology deals with the scientific study of humans, human behavior and societies in the
past and present. This actually what makes human beings human. According to Bernard (1994) as
cited by Prieto, et al. (2017), there are five steps in conducting true experiments with human beings.
See illustration below:

Figure 1. Steps in Conducting True Experiments with Human Beings

1. Identify at 2. Randomly 3. Measure 4. Introduce 5. Again,

least two assign the dependent the measure the
groups participants variables intervention dependent
(experimental to each through variables
and contol) group. pretest through
posttest.

4
 A. True Experiments in the Laboratory
It is further stated that true experiments with human beings are common in laboratory
experiments which often produce results that beg to be tested in the natural world by
anthropologists.
B. True Experiments in the Field
When experiments are conducted outside the laboratory, it is called field experiments.

C. Quasi-Experiments
Though this design contains many of the elements of true experiments, participants
are not assigned randomly but based from criteria set by the researcher.

D. The One-Shot Case Study or One-Group Posttest Only Design

A single group of individuals is measured on some dependent variable after an
intervention has taken place where the researcher tries to evaluate the experiment by
interviewing the participants and trying to assess the impact of the intervention.

E. The Two-Group Posttest Only Design

The researcher measures a series of variables in both groups where he tries to see
whether the intervention is responsible for the differences.
F. One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design
Variables are measured (may be observed) then intervention takes place then the
variables are measured again.
Quantitative Research and Communication
There are particular communication phenomenon that needs to understand in which
researchers are interested about that might be generalized to a larger population.

Quantitative Research and Medical Education

The role of quantitative research in medical education tends to be predominantly
observational research based on surveys or correlational studies. Experimental research designs may
enhance the quality of medical education.

Quantitative Research and the Behavioral Sciences

Contemporary researchers are interested in two types of questions namely, questions of
relationship and question of differences. For questions of relationship, this tend to explore how one
behavior exhibited by people is related to other types of behavior. On the other hand, questions of
difference explore how patterns of behavior might differ from one group or type of person to another.

Quantitative Research and Education

In deductive type of research senior high school students develop critical thinking capability
and effective analytical, research, and communication skills that are globally sought-after and
incredibly beneficial. Research enhances both reading and writing.

These two literacy (reading and writing) functions help enable computation and
comprehension. Without these skills, it is less likely for anyone to appreciate and get involved in their
academic endeavors. Through research undertaking, students are given opportunity to engage
themselves into reading a variety of materials like journals, magazines and references. Research
writing also forces them to practice their skills in writing wherein they use their own perspectives and
transform these into a more concrete ideas that they clearly understand.

5
Quantitative Research and Business
Research plays an important role in business. A lot of successful business companies, such as
those that produce consumer goods or mass-market items, invest in research and development or
R&D. Companies and industries have high expenditures on research and development R&D
specifically in science and technology and engineering because of its processes like agriculture, food
and beverage, manufacturing, healthcare and pharmaceuticals, computer software and hardware,
conductor and semiconductor, information and communication technology, construction, robotics,
aerospace, aviation, and energy. Furthermore, it is critical to product innovation and advancement and
to improving services. R&D also helps secure advantageous perspective over competitors. Look into
the similarities and differences of their products and services will lead them on improved and increase
strength among competitors can boost the company’s market value. Undoubtedly, having relevant
knowledge in achieving a good commercial image through sound business strategies like investing in
R&D can boost its profitability.

ACTIVITIES
Activity 1

Directions: Arrange the following letters to form the word missing in the statement.
Write your answer on a separate sheet.

1. In conducting true experiments research with human beings, measure the

N P D T N E D E E

_______________ variables through pretest.

2. When experiments are conducted outside the laboratory, it is called

D I L E F

______________ experiment.

3. In the conduct of true experiment and quasi-experiment research,

R E N E T I I V O N T N

________________ is introduced.

6
Activity 2

Directions: Using the chart below, supply the missing thoughts. Write your answer on a separate
sheet.

QUANTITATIVE
DISCIPLINE IMPORTANCE
RESEARCH

ANTHROPOLOGY

COMMUNICATION

MEDICAL EDUCATION

BEHAVIORAL
SCIENCES

EDUCATION

BUSINESS

REMEMBER
• Descriptive, true experimental, quasi-experimental, case study are the most commonly
quantitative research designs are commonly used in Health Sciences.

• Experiments can be carried out in a laboratory or in a field setting.

• Quantitative approaches are typically associated with positivist perspectives in social research.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

1. What did I find out?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. How did I find it out?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. What did I learn?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

7
LET’S REFLECT
Directions: Shade the thermometer to the level of your understanding on the different topics
discussed in this module. Provide your experiences, significant learnings, and insights on how to
improve your understanding. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Quantitative Quantitative
Research and Research and
Anthropology Communication

Quantitative Quantitative
Research Medical Research and
Education Education

Quantitative Quantitative
Research and Research and
Behavioral Sciences Business

8
POST TEST
Directions: Reach each statement carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write them on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. Why do people conduct research?
a. To find solutions to a particular problem.
b. To know the difference between facts and opinions.
c. To provide good opinions to issues concerning human.
d. To boost the morale of individuals who suffer from depression.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. The selection of a research design for any field should be within the parameters of
the research questions.
b. Quantitative approaches are typically associated with pessimistic perspective in
social research.
c. In conducting true experiments with people, no need for the introduction
of interventions.
d. Quasi-experiments are often used in laboratory experiments.
3. This field tends to be predominantly observational research based on surveys or
correlational studies.
a. Quantitative research and anthropology
b. Quantitative research and social sciences
c. Quantitative research and communication
d. Quantitative research and the medical education
4. “When a person has high intellectual quotient, does he tend to be socially aggressive?”
Which type of question is being referred to?
a. Question of variance
b. Question of difference
c. Question of prediction
d. Question of relationship
5. Why do we consider the process of measurement is central to quantitative research?

a. It triggers the interest in understanding a particular phenomenon that might be

generalized to a larger population.
b. It provides the correlation between observation and mathematical expression of
quantitative relationships.
c. It gets designs that contain many of the elements of a true experiment.

d. It tries to produce results that is tested in the natural world.

REFERENCES
Baraceros, Esther L. Practical Research 2. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc., 2016.
Catane, J. A. Conducting Research: A Practical Application. Quezon City: Goodwill Book Store,
2010.
Chan, Editha I. Research in Various Disciplines Seeing Through the Process of Writing. Valenzuela
City: Mutya Publishing House, Inc., 2011.
Ellison, C. Concise Guide to Writing Research. New York: McGraw Hill, 2010.
Faltado III, Ruben E. et al. Practical Research 2 Quantitative Research for SHS. Quezon City:
Lorimar Publishing, Inc. , 2016.

9
Plata, Sterling L. et al. Thinking and Writing Research 4th Edition.Manila:
Trailblazer Publications Asia, Inc., 2014.
Prieto, Nelia G, Naval, Victoria C. and Carey, Teresita G. Practical Research 2, For Senior High
School, Lorimar Publishing Inc, 2017
Reyes, Marcelo. Social research: A Deductive Approach. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc., 2010.