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    Problem Sheet 3, Gauge Theories in Particle Physics: Problem 1: Time Ordering (5 Points)

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    Kiran Adhikari
    This document provides two problems for a particle physics problem sheet. Problem 1 involves showing the equivalence of two expressions involving time ordering of a quantum field. Problem 2 involves deriving expressions for the differential Lorentz-invariant phase space for 1 and 2 final state particles, including showing the expressions in terms of invariant quantities and for some specific mass cases. The problem sheet is due on November 27, 2020 at 1pm.

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    Problem Sheet 3, Gauge Theories in Particle Physics: Problem 1: Time Ordering (5 Points)

    Uploaded by

    Kiran Adhikari
    26 views2 pages
    This document provides two problems for a particle physics problem sheet. Problem 1 involves showing the equivalence of two expressions involving time ordering of a quantum field. Problem 2 involves deriving expressions for the differential Lorentz-invariant phase space for 1 and 2 final state particles, including showing the expressions in terms of invariant quantities and for some specific mass cases. The problem sheet is due on November 27, 2020 at 1pm.

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    This document provides two problems for a particle physics problem sheet. Problem 1 involves showing the equivalence of two expressions involving time ordering of a quantum field. Problem 2 involves deriving expressions for the differential Lorentz-invariant phase space for 1 and 2 final state particles, including showing the expressions in terms of invariant quantities and for some specific mass cases. The problem sheet is due on November 27, 2020 at 1pm.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    26 views2 pages

    Problem Sheet 3, Gauge Theories in Particle Physics: Problem 1: Time Ordering (5 Points)

    Uploaded by

    Kiran Adhikari
    This document provides two problems for a particle physics problem sheet. Problem 1 involves showing the equivalence of two expressions involving time ordering of a quantum field. Problem 2 involves deriving expressions for the differential Lorentz-invariant phase space for 1 and 2 final state particles, including showing the expressions in terms of invariant quantities and for some specific mass cases. The problem sheet is due on November 27, 2020 at 1pm.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Problem Sheet 3, Gauge Theories in Particle

    Physics
    Lecture: Prof. Michael Krämer
    Tutorials: M.Sc. Colomba Brancaccio, Dr. Silvia Manconi

    Winter Term 2020/2021


    Deadline: 27 November 2020 at 1 p.m.

    Problem 1: Time ordering [5 points]


    Consider a quantum field fˆ(t), where space coordinates are suppressed, and
    show that:
    Z ∞
    1 ∞
    Z t1 Z Z ∞
    dt1 ˆ ˆ
    dt2 f (t1 )f (t2 ) = dt1 dt2 T (fˆ(t1 )fˆ(t2 ))
    −∞ −∞ 2 −∞ −∞

    where

    T (fˆ(t1 )fˆ(t2 )) = fˆ(t1 )fˆ(t2 ) f or t1 > t2


    = fˆ(t2 )fˆ(t1 ) f or t2 > t1 .

    Problem 2: Phase Space [15 points]


    The differential Lorentz-invariant phase space dφn for n final-state particles of
    momenta p1 , ..., pn is defined as

    d3 p~1 d3 p~2 d3 p~n


    dφn = (2π)4 δ (4) (P − p1 − . . . − pn ) 3 3
    ... ,
    (2π) 2E1 (2π) 2E2 (2π)3 2En

    where P is the sum of the initial momenta (the invariant mass P 2 is usually
    denoted by s).

    2.1 Show that the one-particle phase space for a particle of mass m is

    m2
     
    1
    dφ1 = (2π) δ 1 − Θ(P0 ).
    s s

    1
    2.2 Show that the phase space for two particles of mass m1 and m2 in the
    center-of-mass frame reads
    1 |~p1 |CM
    (dφ2 )CM = dΩ θ(ECM − m1 − m2 ),
    4(2π)2 ECM

    where dΩ is the infinitesimal solid angle and ECM is the total energy in
    the center-of-mass frame.
    2.3 Show that dφ2 can actually be written in terms of Lorentz-invariant quan-
    tities as
    1 √
    dφ2 = 2
    λ1/2 (s, m21 , m22 ) dΩ θ( s − m1 − m2 ),
    8(2π) s

    where λ(a, b, c) = a2 + b2 + c2 − 2ab − 2ac − 2bc is the Källén function.


    2.4 Calculate dφ2 in the three cases {m1 = m2 }, {m1 6= 0, m2 = 0}, {m1 =
    m2 = 0}.

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