Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria

Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria
Tel: (+43-1) 26060-0, Fax: (+43-1) 26060-5866, www.unodc.org
ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǱȂƷ ƨǇơǁƽ

ǲǸǟ ƨǬȈƯȁ
Printed in Austria
V.08-57657—November 2008—750
‫ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﻫﺎﺏ‬
ƩƢȇȂƬƄơ
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬
Î .......................................... ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǱȂƷ ƨǇơǁƽ
Î ................................................................................................................. ŉƾǬƫ
Ï ................................................ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ :Ǳȁȋơ ƮƸƦŭơ
Ï .............................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ ŃƢǠǷ (Ɨ)
Ð ............................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ (ƣ)
Ñ ....................................................................ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ (Ʊ)
Ô ...................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ǹȁƽȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ǁȁƽ :ňƢưǳơ ƮƸƦŭơ
Ô ..................................... ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ
Õ ..................................................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (Ɨ)
ÎÏ .................................................................................. ƨȇƽƢǋǂƬǇȏơ śǻơȂǬǳơ
ÎÏ .............................................(ÏÍÍÕ) ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ǻǟ śǳȁƚǈǸǴǳ ĺǂǠǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ
ÎÒ ..................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ƣ)
ÏÍ ............................................. Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ (Ʊ)
ÏÏ ..................................................................................................... ƨǷǂǰŭơ ƨǰǷ ǹƢȈƥ
ÏÐ .............................................................................. Ņȁƾǳơ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǾǬǨǳơ ǞǸů ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ
ÏÒ ..................................................................ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ
ÏÒ .................................................................... ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ǞǷ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ǪǧơȂƫ ȃƾǷ
ÏÒ ..................................................................... ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ƾȇƾŢ ƮȈƷ ǺǷ (Ɨ)
ÏÔ ............................................................................. ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȂǳơ ƮȈƷ ǺǷ (ƣ)
ÏÔ .............................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î
ÏÖ .............................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
ÐÍ ...................................... Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð
ÐÎ ......................................................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǁƢǗƛ (Ʊ)
ÐÏ .............................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î
ÐÏ .............................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
iii
ÐÐ ...................................... Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð
ÐÐ ..................................................................... ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ (ƽ)
ÐÑ .............................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î
ÐÑ .............................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
ÐÒ ...................................... Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð
ÐÓ ............... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǹƢȈƥ
ÐÔ ............................... ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
ÐÖ .......................................... ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǱȂƷ ƨǇơǁƽ
ÐÖ ............................................................................ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ǳȁȋơ ǝǂǨǳơ
ÐÖ ................................................................................................................. ŉƾǬƫ
ÑÎ .................................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ
ÑÐ ............................................... ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Śƥơƾƫ Î
ÑÓ ................................................................. ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ï
ÑÔ .............................................................. ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð
ÑÔ ........................................................ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ
ÑÕ .................................................................................... ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ò
ÑÖ ......................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǏ ȄǴǟ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ó
ÑÖ ............................................................................. ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬
ÑÖ .............................................................................. ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺏ‬
ÒÎ .......................................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
ÒÏ .......................................................... ȅǂǰǨǳơ ǥơǂŴȐǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơȁ ƨȇǂǰǨǳơ ƨȈǟȂƬǳơ Ô
ÒÐ .................................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȁ ǹƢŪ ƔƢǌǻƛ Õ
ÒÑ ............................... (ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÕÒ) ǑƢȇǂǳơ :ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ Ö
ÒÔ ........................................................ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ
ÒÔ ................................................................................................ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
iv
ÒÖ ....................................................................... ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ňƢưǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ
ÒÖ ............................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ
ÓÍ ........................................... ƨǷĈǂů ƨǘǌǻƗ ǺǷ Ǿƥ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ Î
ÓÎ .........................................................................ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ Ï
ÓÑ ............................................................... ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð
ÓÒ ....................................................................... ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷȁ ƩƢǻƢȈƥ ƧƾǟƢǫ ƔƢǌǻƛ
ÓÒ ...............................................................ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ
ÓÓ ........................................................ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò
ÓÔ .................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ó
ÓÕ ............................................................................. ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬
ÓÕ ............................................................................. ‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
ÓÕ .............................................................................. ‫)ﺝ( ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬
ÔÍ ........... ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ
ÔÍ ................................................................ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢȈǳƕ
ÔÎ ................................................................ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Ô
ÔÏ ...................... ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ
ÔÏ ................................................................................................ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
ÔÐ ........................................................................................... ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÔÐ ................................................................................................................. ŉƾǬƫ
ÔÑ ....................................................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ
ÔÑ .............................................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǵǂš ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ Î
ÔÒ ................................................. ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ǶƟơǂƳ ƢǿǁƢƦƬǟơ ǃơȂƳ ȃƾǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ
ÔÓ ........................................................ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǬƷȐŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ
ÔÔ .................................................................. ǹȂƦƟƢƬǳơ :ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǺǷ ƔƢǨǟȍơ ƩȏƢƷ
ÔÔ .................................................. ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ȃȂǟƾǳơ ƔƢǔǬǻơȁ ǵƽƢǬƬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǹƢȇǂǇ ǵƾǟ
ÔÔ .........................................................................ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ Ï
v
ÔÖ .................................................................................... ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ð
ÕÍ .................................................................. ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ
ÕÍ ...............................................................ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò
ÕÎ ........................................................ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ó
ÕÏ ........................................ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ô
ÕÏ .............................................................................. ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬
ÕÐ ............................................................................. ‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬
ÕÑ ............................................................................. ‫)ﺝ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
ÕÑ .................................. ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƾǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ
ÕÒ .................................................... ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
ÕÒ ................................................ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨȈǬȈǈǼƬǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Õ
ÕÓ ................................................................ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Ö
ÕÔ ............................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗȁ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ
ÕÔ ................................................................................................ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
ÕÖ ........................................................................................ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ǟƥơǂǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÕÖ ................................................................................................................. ŉƾǬƫ
ÕÖ .................................................................................. ƪȇȂǰǳơ Ŀ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǜǴǳ ǲȈǴŢ
ÖÎ .......................................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ
ÖÎ .............................................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǵǂš ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ Î
ÖÎ ....................................... Ǿǳ ƨǳƾǠŭơ śǻơȂǬǳơȁ ÎÖÓÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÓ Ƕǫǁ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ÖÐ ............................................................... ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÎ Ƕǫǁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ÖÐ ...................................................................................... śƦƟƢƬǳơ Ǻǟ ȂǨǠǳơ
ÖÑ ................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǍƢƻ Ǟȇǂǌƫ ǺǇ ńƛ ƨƳƢūơ ȃƾǷ ǱȂƷ ǱƾŪơ
ÖÒ ............................................................ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ï
ÖÔ ......................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Ð
ÖÔ .......................................................... ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ
vi
ÖÕ ................................................................... ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò
ÖÕ ...................................................... ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ÖÖ ...................................................... ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÕÒ ƨǼǈǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ÖÖ ......................................................... ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ó
ÖÖ .................................. ƨȇȂŪơ ƨƷȐŭơȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ÎÍÍ ..................................................................... ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ô
ÎÍÍ .................................................................... ȅŚŬơ ǲǸǠǳơ ǶȈǜǼƬǳ ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ
ÎÍÎ .................................................................................... ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Õ
ÎÍÏ ................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ö
ÎÍÏ ............................................................................. ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬
ÎÍÐ .............................................................. ‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
ÎÍÑ ............................................................................ ‫)ﺝ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
ÎÍÑ ..........................................ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ
ÎÍÑ .......................................................................... ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
ÎÍÓ ............................................ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ
ÎÍÓ ................................................................................................ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
ÎÍÖ ..................................................................................... ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǆǷƢŬơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÍÖ ........................................................................... ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǁƢǗȍƢƥ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ
ÎÎÍ .................................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ
ÎÎÍ ............................................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǵǂš ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ Î
ÎÎÎ ............................. ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨȇƢŧ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ÎÎÏ .........................................................................ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ Ï
ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǒǠƥ ǲȇƾǠƬƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ÎÎÒ ......................................................................... ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ
ÎÎÓ ................................................................. ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð
ÎÎÓ .............................................................. ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ
ÎÎÔ ........................................................ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò
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ÎÎÖ .................................................................................... ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ó
ÎÏÍ .............................ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ô
ÎÏÍ ............................................................................. ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬
ÎÏÎ ........................................................ ‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
ÎÏÏ ................................... ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ
ÎÏÏ .................................................... ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
ÎÏÐ ............................................ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ƩƢǇƢȈǇ ǞǓȂǳ ƨǼŪ ƔƢǌǻƛ Õ
ÎÏÑ ....................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ
ÎÏÑ ............................................................................................... ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
ÎÏÒ ...................................................................................... ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǅƽƢǈǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÏÒ ............................................................................ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǈǳ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǁƢǗȍƢƥ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ
ÎÏÒ ................................................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ
ÎÏÒ .............................................................................. ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǵǂš ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ Î
ÎÏÔ ..................................................................................... ÏÍÍÔ/Õ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
ÎÏÔ .........................................................................ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ Ï
ÎÐÍ .................................... ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǴǳ ƿȐŭơ ƶǼǷ ǵƾǟȁ ǀǧƢǼŭơ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð
ÎÐÎ ............................................................................ ňƢǸǠǳơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ñ
ÎÐÏ ..................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ò
ÎÐÏ .............................................................................. ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬
ÎÐÐ ........................................................................... ‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬
ÎÐÐ .................................................................. ňƢǸǠǳơ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ
ÎÐÑ ....................................................................................................... ƨȈǼǨǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ
ÎÐÒ ....................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ
ÎÐÒ ............................................................................................... ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
ÎÐÔ ................................................................................... ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǞƥƢǈǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÐÔ ........................................................................ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸƴǴǳ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǁƢǗȍƢƥ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ
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ÎÐÔ ............................................................... ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ
ÎÐÕ ............................................................. ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÏ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ÎÐÖ ........................................................................... ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ȅǂǰǨǳơ ȅƾǐƬǳơ Î
ÎÐÖ ........................................................................ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Śƥơƾƫ Ï
ÎÑÏ ............................................................................ Ǟǧƾǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ ƨƦǫơǂǷ Śƥơƾƫ Ð
ÎÑÐ ....................................... ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ǥǁƢǐŭơ ȃƾǳ ƨǟƽȂŭơ ǞƟơƽȂǳơ ƾȈǸš ƾǟơȂǫ
ÎÑÑ .................................................................. ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ
ÎÑÒ .............................................................. ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò
ÎÑÒ ..................................................................... ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ó
ÎÑÓ .................................................................................... ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ô
ÎÑÔ ................................ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǏ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Õ
ÎÑÔ ............................................................................ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬
ÎÑÕ .......................................................................... ‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬
ÎÑÕ ............................................................................ ‫)ﺝ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
ÎÑÖ ............................................ řǸȈǳơ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ
ÎÒÍ ............................................................................... ƨȈǼǨǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ
ÎÒÍ ............................................................ ƨǷǃƗ Ƨǁơƽƛ Ǫȇǂǧ :ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƢŪ Ö
ÎÒÎ ............................................. ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ƨǬƷȐŭ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǖƥơȂǔǳơ ÎÍ
ÎÒÏ ........................................ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ
ÎÒÏ ................................................................................................ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
ÎÒÐ ................................................................................................................. ƨŤƢƻ
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‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﻫﺎﺏ‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǱȂƷ ƨǇơǁƽ

ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƽ Ŀ
ŉƾǬƫ
ƢǷ ƪǠǫȁƗ Ŗǳơ ƾȇǁƾǷ Ŀ ƩơǁƢǘǬǳơ ƩơŚƴǨƫ ȃǂǯƿ ƨƦǇƢǼŠȁ ÏÍÍÒ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Ŀ
ǄƟƢǯǁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨǸǜǼŭ ǵƢǠǳơ śǷȋơ ƽĈƾƷ ƶȇǂƳȁ ǲȈƬǫ śƥ ǎƼǋ Î ÓÍÍ ȄǴǟ ƾȇǄȇ
:ǆŨ Ȇǿȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ńƛ ƔȂƴǴǳơ Ǻǟ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ǖȈƦưƫ Î
ǵȂƴǿ ǺĈ ǋ ǺǷ ǶȀǼƐǰŤ Ŗǳơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ńƛ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱȂǏȁ ǞǼǷ Ï
ƣƢǿǁȍơ Ƕǟƽ Ǻǟ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǝƽǁ Ð
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼǷ ȄǴǟ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ƨǁƾǫ ƨȈǸǼƫ Ñ
.ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ Ǻǟ ǝƢǧƾǳơ Ò
ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǂǏƢǼǠƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ Ŀ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƪƦĈƷǁ ƾǫȁ
ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ǁơǂǫ) ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ ȆŭƢǠǳơ ƨǸǬǳơ ǂŤƚŭ ƨȈǷƢƬŬơ ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ Ŀ ƔƢƳ ƢǷ ȂŴ ȄǴǟ ǮǴƫ
ƨǻơƽƛ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƪǠŦƗ ǂŤƚŭơ ơǀǿ Ŀȁ .ƢǿǂȇȂǘƫ ƨǴǏơȂŠ ƩƾȀǠƫȁ (Î/ÓÍ
ǑơǂǣƗ ƪǻƢǯ ƢƆȇƗȁ Ƥǰƫǁơ ƢǸǼȇƗȁ ǾƦǰƫǂǷ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ǽǂǿƢǜǷȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ǞȈǸŝ" ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ȆǟƾƬǈȇ ƢǷ Ȃǿȁ "śȈǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷȋơȁ ǵȐǈǴǳ ƩơƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ǂǘƻƗ ƾƷƗ ǲǰǌȇ ǾǨǏȂƥ" ǾƥƢǰƫǁơ
.ƨȇǂǌƬǈŭơ ƨȈǷơǂƳȍơ ƨǧȉơ ǽǀǿ ƨȀƳơȂŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ ƨƠƦǠƫ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ǞƦƬŭơ ƲȀǼŭơ ȄǴǟ ƗǂǗ ȅǀǳơ ŚƦǰǳơ ŚǤƬǳơ ńƛ ǁƢǗȍơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǁƢǌȇȁ
ǶǰƷ ǺǷ ƢǸǧ .ƢȀȈǧ ƪǷǂƥƗ Ŗǳơ ƽȂǬǠǳơ ȃƾǷ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩȏȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ
ȆǔǬȇ ȁƗ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ƿƢţƢƥ ǹƿƘȇ ÎÖÓÐ ǵƢǟ ȂȈǯȂǗ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ńȁȋơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǺǷ
ǒǧǂƫ śƷ Ŀ ȆǇƢȈǇ Ǟǧơƾƥ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ śǻơȂǬǳơ ƾǓ ƤǰƫǂĄƫ ƨŻǂƳ ȅƗ ǹƘǌƥ ƢǿƿƢţƢƥ
."ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ" ºǳ ƔƢǼưƬǇơ ȅƗ ƨƷơǂǏ ƨưȇƾūơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
1
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ :Ǳȁȋơ ƮƸƦŭơ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ ŃƢǠǷ (Ɨ)
:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ŀ ƽƢŢȏơ" ǹȂǼǠŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ǵƢǠǳơ śǷȋơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǩƢȈǇ Ŀ
ÏÔ Ŀ ƹǁƚŭơȁ (A/60/825 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)" ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǟ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏ ƩƢȈǏȂƫ
ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ" ÏÍÍÓ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ Ó Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƩƾǸƬǟơ ÏÍÍÓ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ
Ƨƾǟ ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ƪǼǸǔƫ Ŗǳơ (A/60/L.62 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)" ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ
:ƢȀŷƗ ǺǷ ƪƥơȂƯ
ǞȈŦ śƥ ƧƽƢȈǈǳơ Ŀ ƧơȁƢǈŭơ Ƕǟƽ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ ǞȈŦ ƧǁǃơƚŠ ŃƢǠǳơ ƔƢǸǟǃ ǵơǄƬǳơ
ƩƢǫȐǠǳơ Ŀ ǝƢǼƬǷȏơȁ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ƢŮȐǬƬǇơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƢȀƬǷȐǇ ǵơǂƬƷơȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ
ƾǏƢǬǷ ǞǷ ǑǁƢǠƬȇ ǲǰǋ ȅƘƥ ƢŮƢǸǠƬǇơ ȁƗ ƧȂǬǳơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇƢƥ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ Ǻǟ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
ƝƽƢƦŭ ƢǬǧȁȁ ƨȈǸǴǈǳơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳƢƥ ƩƢǟǃƢǼŭơ ƨȇȂǈƫ Ƕǟƽȁ ƢȀƟƽƢƦǷȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ
ƧǂǘȈǈǳơ ƪŢ ǱơǄƫ ȏ Ŗǳơ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪƷ ǵơǂƬƷơȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ
ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ŀ ǲƻƾƬǳơ ǵƾǟȁ ƢǿŚǐǷ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ȁƗ ƨȇǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơ
Ŀ ƧơȁƢǈŭơ ǵơǂƬƷơȁ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǵơǂƬƷơȁ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ
Ǻȇƾǳơ ȁƗ ƨǤǴǳơ ȁƗ ǆǼŪơ ȁƗ ǩǂǠǳơ ǅƢǇƗ ȄǴǟ ǄȈȈŤ ǹȁƽ ǞȈǸŪơ śƥ ǩȂǬūơ
ȁƗ ȆǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ȁƗ ȅƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ǞƥƢǘǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǲǯƢǌŭơ ǲƷ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơȁ
ƢȀǈǨǻ ȄǴǟ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƢȀƬǠǘǫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏƢƥ ƨǫƽƢǏ ƨȈǼƥ ƔƢǧȂǳơȁ ňƢǈǻȍơ ȁƗ ĿƢǬưǳơ
.ǩƢưȈǸǴǳ ƢǬǧȁ
ƢŮƢǰǋƗ ǞȈǸŝ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǇǁƢǸŭơȁ ƤȈǳƢǇȋơȁ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ơƽƾů ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ
ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǒȇȂǬƫ ńƛ ǥƾē ƨǘǌǻƗ Ȇǿ ƢǿǂǿƢǜǷȁ
ƩƢǷȂǰūơ ǁơǂǬƬǇơ ǝǄǟǄƫȁ ƢȀǼǷƗȁ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƨǷȐǈǳơ ƽƾēȁ ƨȈǗơǂǬŻƾǳơȁ
ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƩơȂǘŬơ ǀƼƬȇ ǹƗ Ņȁƾǳơ ǞǸƬƴǸǴǳ ȆǤƦǼȇ ǾǻƗȁ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ ƧǁȂǐƥ ƨǴƐǰǌŭơ
.ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼǷ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǄȇǄǠƬǳ
ȁƗ ƧǁƢǔƷ ȁƗ ƨȈǈǼƳ ȁƗ Ǻȇƽ ȅƘƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǖƥǁ ȆǤƦǼȇ ȏȁ ǃȂŸ ȏ ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ
.ƨȈǫǂǟ ƨǟƢŦ
ƢȀǼǷ ǲǯ ǃǄǠƫȁ ƨǘƥơǂƬǷ ǲƟƢǈǷ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷȁ ǺǷȋơȁ ǵȐǈǳơȁ ƨȈǸǼƬǳơ ǹƘƥ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ
.ȃǂƻȋơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ ńƛ ȃƽƚƫ Ŗǳơ ǥȁǂǜǳơ ƨŪƢǠǷ ńƛ ƨƳƢūơ ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ
ǲƷ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ƢȀǠǇȁ Ŀ ƢǷ ǲǯ Ǳǀƥ ƨǴǏơȂǷ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǵǄǟ ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ
ǄȇǄǠƫȁ ǂǬǨǳơ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǬǳơȁ ǞǸǬǴǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƔƢĔƛȁ ƩƢǟơǂǐǳơ
2
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ƾȈǋǂǳơ Ƕǰūơȁ ȆŭƢǠǳơ ǁƢǿƽǃȏơȁ ƨǷơƾƬǈŭơ ƨȈǸǼƬǳơȁ ǲǏơȂƬŭơ ȅƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ȂǸǼǳơ

ƨǳƢǨǯȁ ƩƢǧƢǬưǳơ śƥ ƢǸȈǧ ǶǿƢǨƬǳơ śǈŢȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƽƢȈǇȁ ǞȈǸƴǴǳ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷȁ
.ƩƢǧƢǬưǳơ ȁƗ ƩơƾǬƬǠŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈǼȇƾǳơ ǶȈǬǳơ ȁƗ ǹƢȇƽȋơ ǞȈŦ ǵơǂƬƷơ
:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ (ƣ)

:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ǁȁƢƄơ ȄǴǟ ǵȂǬƫ "ǲǸǟ ƨǘƻ" ǁƢǗȍơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƩƾǸƬǟơ
ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ƨȇȂǫȁ ƨǠǗƢǫȁ ƧǂǸƬǈǷ ƨǻơƽƛ ǽǂǿƢǜǷȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ǞȈǸŝ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨǻơƽƛ
ƾǋƗ ǺǷ ơƆƾƷơȁ ƾǠĄȇ ǾǻƗ ǅƢǇƗ ȄǴǟ ǾǓơǂǣƗ ƪǻƢǯ ƢƆȇƗȁ Ƥǰƫǁơ ƢǸǼȇƗȁ ǽȂƦǰƫǂǷ
.śȈǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷȋơȁ ǵȐǈǳơ ƽƾē Ŗǳơ ǁƢǘƻȋơ
ńƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơȁ ǽǂǿƢǜǷȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ǞȈǸŝ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǞǼŭ ƨǴƳƢǟ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ƿƢţơ
Ʃơƿ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴůȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ Ʃơǁơǂǫ ǲȈǠǨƫȁ ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨǷŐŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǩƢȈǇ Ŀ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ƨȇƢǸŞ ƨǴǐǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼǷ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ƣđ ǞǴǘǔƫ Śƥơƾƫ ȅƗȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǹƘƥ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ
Ŀ ƢŠ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ Ƣđ ƨǗȂǼŭơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏơ ǞǷ ȄǋƢǸƬƫ ǹƗ ƤŸ ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷȁ
ƨǏƢşȁ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩȏȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ Ǯǳƿ
.Ņȁƾǳơ ňƢǈǻȍơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ śƠƳȐǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǹȂǻƢǫ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ ƪǼǸǔƫȁ
ǺǰŻ ȏ" ǾǻƘƥ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǞǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ ńƛ ƨȇƽƚŭơ ǥȁǂǜǳơ ƨŪƢǠǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǁ Śƥơƾƫ ƿƢţơ :ȏƆ ȁƗ
."ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋ ơƆǂȇŐƫ ȁƗ ƨǠȇǁƿ ǥȁǂǜǳơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ƢȇƗ ǲǰǌƫ ǹƗ
ǺǷ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǹƢǷǂƷ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƢǸȈǇ ȏȁ ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼŭ Śƥơƾƫ ƿƢţơ :ƢƆȈǻƢƯ
ǪȈǬŢȁ ǶȀǧơƾǿƗ ǡȂǴƥ ǺǷȁ ǶēơƔơƾƬǟơ Ǻǋ ǺǷ ǶȀǼǰŤ Ŗǳơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ńƛ ǱȂǏȂǳơ
Ņȁƽ ǄǯǂǷ ƔƢǌǻƛ ƨǳƘǈǷ ǁƢƦƬǟơ ǺǰŻ ǾǻƘƥ ǥơǂƬǟȏơȁ ǶēơƔơƾƬǟơ ǺǷ ȄƻȂƬŭơ ǂƯȋơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǄȇǄǠƫ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ ǺǷ ơƆƔǄƳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
ǁȁƽ ǄȇǄǠƫȁ ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼǷ ȄǴǟ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ʃơǁƾǫ ƔƢǼƥ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǁ Śƥơƾƫ ƿƢţơ :ƢƆưǳƢƯ
ǩƢȈǇ Ŀ ƨǷȂǜǼŭơ ǲƻơƽ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ ǄȇǄǠƫȁ ƽƾǐǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨǷȂǜǼǷ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǑȂȀǼǳơ
ǾǨǏȂƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƽƢȈǇȁ ǞȈǸƴǴǳ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǵơǂƬƷơ ǹƢǸǓ ńƛ ȆǷǂƫ Śƥơƾƫ ƿƢţơ :ƢƆǠƥơǁ
ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǄȇǄǠƫ ƧǁȁǂǓ ȄǴǟ ƾȇƾǌƬǳơ ǞǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƧǄȈǯǂǳơ
.(A/60/L.62 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ƢȀƬȇƢŧȁ
3
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ (Ʊ)

‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬
ȂŴ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ Ʊơǁƽƛ ƤǴǘǷ ƾǠĄȇ
ǀȈǨǼƫ Ŀ ƢƆȇǁȂŰ ơƆǂǷƗ ƨǬƷȐǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ Ŀ ƔƢƳ ƢǷ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ ǲǸǌƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǲǸǟ ƨǘƻ
:ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ŔǷ ȄǴǟ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ȃǂƻȋơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǒǠƥȁ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î
/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ Ñ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÓÐ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÎÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ȂȈǯȂǗ Ŀ ƪǠƐǫȁ
.ƨǳȁƽÎÕÍ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÎÖÓÖ ŐǸǈȇƽ
:ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
ÎÑ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÔÍ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ȅƢǿȏ Ŀ ƪǠƐǫȁ
.ƨǳȁƽÎÕÍ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÎÖÔÎǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ
:ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ð
ǹȂǻƢǯ ÏÓ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÔÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ƪǠƐǫȁ
.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÕÐ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÎÖÔÐ ǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ
ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ǵƾţ Ŗǳơ ƩơǁƢǘŭơ Ŀ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Ñ
ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫƢƥ ǪƸǴŭơ Ņȁƾǳơ
:ňƾŭơ
ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ Ó Ŀ ǽƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÕÕ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ǞƐǫȁ
.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÓÎ ǾȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÎÖÕÖ
ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ò
:ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨƦǫƢǠŭơȁ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ
Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÔÐ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ
.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÓÎ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÎÖÔÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋÏÍ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ
:ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ó
Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÔÖ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÔ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ
.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÒÐ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÎÖÕÐ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ Ð Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ
.ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ô
4
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ÎÖÕÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÕÍ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Ð ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢǼȈȈǧ Ŀ ƪǠƐǫȁ

.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÎÓ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ
:ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Õ
ǅǁƢǷ /ǁơƿƕ Î Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÕÕ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ ÎÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢǷȁǁ Ŀ ƪǷǂƥƗ
.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÐÒ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÎÖÖÏ
ƧƽȂƳȂŭơ ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Ö
:ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ
ÎÖÖÏ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Î Ŀ ǽƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÕÕ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕÎÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢǷȁǁ Ŀ ǵǂƥƗ
.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÏÒ ǾȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ
:ƢȀǨǌǯ ǑǂǤƥ ƨȈǰȈƬǇȐƦǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǄȈȈŤ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ÎÍ
ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÏÎ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÖÎ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Î ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ƪǠƐǫȁ
.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÏÒ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÎÖÖÕ
:ǲƥƢǼǬǳƢƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÎ
ÎÖÖÔ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÒ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ
.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÑÓ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÏÍÍÎ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ ÏÐ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ
:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÏ
Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÖÖ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ Ö ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ
.ƨǳȁƽ ÎÒÐ ƢȀȈǧ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƽƾǟȁ ÏÍÍÏ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻÎÍ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ
:ȅȁȂǼǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÐ
ƪǴƻƽȁ ÏÍÍÒ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÎÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ
.ÏÍÍÔ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ Ô Ŀ ƿƢǨǼǳơ ǄȈƷ
ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏ ƨǳƾǠŭơ ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ Ǫǧơǂŭơȁ ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ÎÑ
:ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ
ƨƷǂƬǬŭơ ƩȐȇƾǠƬǳơ Ŀ ǂǜǼǳƢƥ řǠŭơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǧǂǠŠ ÏÍÍÒ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ Õ Ŀ ƢǿƽƢǸƬǟơ Ļ
.ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ȄǴǟ
ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏ ÏÍÍÒ ƨǼǇ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ ÎÒ
:ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ
.ÏÍÍÒ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÎÑ Ŀ ǽƽƢǸƬǟơ Ļ
5
ǹȂǼǠŭơ ƢǿǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸƴǴǳ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƨǇƽƢǈǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƪƐưƷ ƾǫȁ
Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÎ Ŀ ƨƻǁƚŭơ (A/62/455 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) "Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ"
ƢƆǧơǂǗƗ ƶƦǐƫ ǹƗ Ŀ ƨȇȂǳȁȋơ ǲȈƦǇ ȄǴǟ ǂǜǼƫ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞȈŦ ÏÍÍÔ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ
.ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ
ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǦȈǼǐƫ

:ȆǴȇ ƢǸǯ ŉǂƴƬǳơ ƢȀǴǸǌȇ Ŗǳơ ǱƢǠǧȌǳ ƢƆǠƦƫ ƩƢƠǧ ǆŨ ńƛ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ ǦǼǐĄƫ
.ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ǆŤ ȏƆ ƢǠǧƗ ǵǂš ǭȂǰǏ Î
.ƞǻơȂŭơ Ŀ ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơȁ ǺǨǈǳƢƥ ƨǴǐƬǷ ȏƆ ƢǠǧƗ ǵǂš ǭȂǰǏ Ï
.ƢȇƢƸǔǳơ ƨǳƢŞ ƨǴǐƬǷ ȏƆ ƢǠǧƗ ǵǂš ǭȂǰǏ Ð
.ƧǂǘŬơ ƽơȂŭƢƥ ƨǴǐƬǷ ȏƆ ƢǠǧƗ ǵǂš ǭȂǰǏ Ñ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂǸƬƥ ƨǴǐƬǷ ȏƆ ƢǠǧƗ ǵǂš ǭȂǰǏ Ò
ÎÖÓÐ ǵƢǟ ǺǷ ơƆƔƾƥ ƽȂǬǟ ƨǈŨ ǺǷ ǂưǯƗ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ǑȁƢǨƬǳơ ǩǂǤƬǇơ ƾǫȁ
ƢȀǼǷ ȄǸǜǠǳơ ƨȈƦǳƢǤǳơ ƩċƾǟƌƗ ƾǫȁ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǟ ŕƷȁ ÎÖÓÐ ȂȈǯȂǗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǵơǂƥƛ ƾȀǋ ȅǀǳơ
ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǺǷ ƢȀǼȈǠƥ ǱƢǰǋƗ ȄǴǟ ƩǄǯǁȁ .ƧƽƾƄơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǺǷ ƨǟȂǸů ƣƢǬǟƗ Ŀ
Ɣơǁȁ ƨǼǷƢǰǳơ Ǟǧơȁƾǳơȁ ƮǟơȂƦǳơ Ǻǟ ǂǜǼǳơ ǒǤƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǶƟơǂƳ Ƣēơƿ ƾƷ Ŀ ǲǰǌƫ Ŗǳơ ƨǷǂĐơ
ƢȀǼǷ ƢƆǷơǄƬǳơ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƫ Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ Ʊơǁƽȍ ƧȂǟƾǷ Ǳȁƾǳơȁ .ƢđƢǰƫǁơ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷȁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů Ʃơǁơǂǫ Ŀ ƨǴưǸƬŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ǵơǂƬƷƢƥ
ǞǼŭ ƨƦǇƢǼŭơ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƩƢȈǳȉơ ƔƢǔǟȋơ ǱȁƾǴǳ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽƾǿ ǂǧȂƫȁ .ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ Ņȁƾǳơ
ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǺǷ Ȑ Ɔ ǏƗ ƞǋƢǻ ǵơǄƬǳơ Ȃǿ ơǀǿ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǵơǄƬǳơȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ
ƧǂǏƢŰ ńƛ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ ȅƽƚƫȁ .ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ ǺǷ ǞƥƢǈǳơ ǲǐǨǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ǁƽƢǐǳơ
ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǾǠǔƫ ƢǷ ƔȂǓ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳƔƢǈŭơ ǺǷ ƩȐǧȍơ ǺǷ ƢȀǼȈǰŤ ǵƾǟȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ
ƨǷȂǜǼǷ Ǻǟ Ȑ Ɔ ǔǧ řǗȂǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǍƢǐƬƻȐǳ ƾǟơȂǫ ǺǷ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
Ŀ ƾǈƴƬƫ Ŗǳơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ Ņȁƾǳơ řǷȋơȁ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
ƨƥǁƢŮơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ȄǴǟ ǩƢǼŬơ ǪȈȈǔƫ ƩƢȈǻƢǰǷƛ ǺǷ ǃǄǠȇ ƢŠ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ơƆƔǄƳ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ" ƧƾǟƢǫ ƾǠƫȁ .ƢƆȈƟƢǼƳ ƢȀƬǳƔƢǈŭ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƨǳƽȋơ ǞȈǸšȁ
ƨǸǯƢŰ ǹƢǸǔǳ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ǖƥơȂǔǳơ ǵơǂƬƷơ ƧƢǟơǂǷ ǞǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ǵÊǄǴŭơ ĿǂǠǳơ
ǹǃơȂƬǳơ Ȅǟơǂȇ ƮȈŞ ňƢǈǻȍơ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ ǵơǂƬƷơȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ƨǳƢǨǯȁ ƨǳƽƢǟ
.śǼǗơȂǸǴǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ ǩȂǬūơ ƨȇƢŧ ƩƢƦǴǘƬǷȁ ǽǁơǂǬƬǇơȁ ǾǼǷƗȁ ǞǸƬĐơ ƩƢƦǴǘƬǷ śƥ
ǹȐǟƛ" Ŀ ƔƢƳ ƢǷ ȂŴ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƢȇƢƸǓ ǩȂǬƷ ǲǸǌȈǳ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬŞ ǵƢǸƬǿȏơ ƾƬŻȁ
ƢǷơǄƬǳơ ǲȇȂǘǳơ ȃƾŭơ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƥǁƢƸŠ ǵơǄƬǳȏơ ńƛ ƩƢǷȂǰūơ ǞȈŦ" Ƣǟƽ ȅǀǳơ "ƾȇǁƾǷ
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‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ƧƾǟƢǈǸǴǳ ȏƢǠǧ ƢƆǷƢǜǻ ƢȇƢƸǔǳơ ƶǼŤ Ŗǳơ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǄȇǄǠƫ ńƛȁ ƨȈƳȂǳȂȇƾȇƛ ȅƗ ȄǘƼƬȇȁ ȃƾǠƬȇ
ƧǁȁǂǓ Ǯǳƿ ńƛ ǥƢǔȇȁ ."ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ƢȇƢƸǔǯ ǶŮ ȆǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǂȇƾǬƬǳơ ǶŮ ǂǧȂƫȁ ƨȇƢǸūơȁ
.ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƨȈǳƢǠǧ ǹƢǸǔǳ ƽȂȀǌǳơ ƨȇƢŧ ȄǴǟ Ǆǯǂƫ Śƥơƾƫ ŚǧȂƫ
.ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀǷơǄƬǳƢƥ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƔƢǧȁ ȄǴǟ ǱƢưǷ Śƻ řȈǐǳơ ƱƿȂǸǼǳơ ǹƗ ǒǠƦǳơ ȃǂȇȁ
ǂŤƚŭ ƨǸƟơƾǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳ ǺȇǂǌǠǳơȁ ȅƽƢūơ ǝƢǸƬƳȏơ Ǻǟ ǁƾǏ ÎÖÕÔǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷÏÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƦǧ
ƢēƢǷơǄƬǳơ ǩƢǘǻ Ŀ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơ śǐǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀŦ ǅǁƢŤ ǹƘƥ ȆǔǬȇ ǁơǂǫ ǅƽƢǈǳơ řǗȂǳơ ƤǠǌǳơ
ƪǻƢǯ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƟƢǼƳ ƨȇȏȁ ƨȇƾǿƢǠƬǳơ
.ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơ śǐǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀŦ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ǹȁƽȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ǁȁƽ :ňƢưǳơ ƮƸƦŭơ

ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǲȈǠǨƫ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ Ǟƴǌƫ
ǄǯơǂǷ ȁƗ ƩƢȈǳƕ ƔƢǌǻƛ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ǹȁƽȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ" ňƢưǳơ ƢđƢƥ ǺǷ Õ
ǽǀŮ ƢǬȈǬŢ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ȁƗ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƪƦǴǗ ǱƢƷ Ŀȁ .ƢȀǼǷ ƽȂƳȂŭơ ǄȇǄǠƫ ȁƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ ȐǸǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ Ǟƴǌǻ ƨȇƢǤǳơ
ǮǴƫȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ Ǯǳƿ ŚǧȂƫ ȄǴǟ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ Ƣēǁơƽƛȁ (ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ) ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨǸǜǼŭơȁ ƨŻǂŪơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭƢƥ řǠŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƤƬǰǷ Ǟƴǌǻ ƢǸǯ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ
"ƢǸȀȈƬȇȏȁ ǞǷ ƢǬǈƬǷ ǹƢǯ ƢǸưȈƷ Ǯǳǀƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơ ȄǴǟ (ǱȂƥǂƬǻȍơ) ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǗǂǌǴǳ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ

ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ
Ȃǿȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů ǆȈǇƘƫ Ǻǟ ÎÖÕÎ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ Ŀ ǺǴǟƌƗ
ƩȐƻƾƬǳơ Ǻǟ ơƆƾȈǠƥ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƢēȐǰǌǷ ƨŪƢǠǷ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƾǟƢǈȇ ȆǸȈǴǫƛ ǞǸš
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽȁ ƪȇȂǰǳơȁ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǺǷ ǆǴĐơ ǹȂǰƬȇȁ .ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ
ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ ǪȈǬŢ ńƛ ǆǴĐơ ǥƾȀȇȁ .ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇȁ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲȁ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ
ǖƥơȁǂǳơ ǪȈǸǠƫȁ ƢēƾƷȁ ńƛ ȏƆ ȂǏȁ ǺȇƽƢȈŭơ ǞȈŦ Ŀ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ǖƥơǂƬǳơȁ ǲǷƢǰƬǳơȁ
.ǺȇƽƢȈŭơ ǦǴƬű Ŀ ƨǴƯƢǸƬǷ ƨǸǜǻƗ ǞǓȁȁ ƩȏƢĐơ ǦǴƬű Ŀ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǾƳȁƗȁ ƩȐǐǳơȁ
.ƪǈǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǴǤǷ ǆǴĐơ ƨȇȂǔǟ ƪǴǠĄƳȁ
Ǻǟ" ȆǟƢǸŪơ ǺǷȋơ ǪȈǬŢ " ǭƢǼǿ ǆǴĐơ ǵƢǸƬǿơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǐǼȇ Ŗǳơ ǁȁƢƄơ ǃǂƥƗ ǺǷȁ
ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ȆƳǁƢŬơȁ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ƢȀȈǬǌƥ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǪȇǂǗ
ƨǯǂƬǌŭơ ƩƢƦȇǁƾƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƛȁ ƨǯǂƬǌŭơ ƨȇǂǰǈǠǳơ ƩơǁƾǬǳơ Ƕǟƽȁ ƨȈǟƢǧƾǳơ ƩƢǇƢȈǈǳơ ǪȈǈǼƫ
.ƧǂȇǄŪơ ǝǁƽ ƲǷƢǻǂƥ ǩƢǘǻ Ŀ
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ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ŀ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƪǠǫȁ ȆǸȈǴǫȍơ ƾȈǠǐǳơ ȄǴǟȁ
ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÏÏ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƧǂǿƢǬǳơ Ŀ ƨǷŐŭơ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ" ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ Ñ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƪȇȂǰǳơ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơȁ ÎÖÖÕ
ƩƾǬǟ Ŗǳơ ǾƬǸǫ Ŀ ȆƴȈǴŬơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů ƢǿǂǫƗ ƨȈǼǷƗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǩƢȈǇ Ŀ ļƘƫ Ŗǳơȁ ÏÍÍÑ
.ÎÖÕÔ ǵƢǟ ǑƢȇǂǳơ Ŀ
Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ńƛ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ƪǸǔǻơȁ
ƢǼȈǯǁȂƥ Ŀ ƧƾǬǠǼŭơ ǺȇǂǌǠǳơȁ ƨǇƽƢǈǳơ Ǿƫǁȁƽ Ŀ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ƨȈƳǁƢƻ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǂŤƚǷ ƢǿǂǫƗ Ŗǳơ
.ÎÖÖÖ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ Î ńƛ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÏÕ ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ Ŀ ȂǇƢǧ
ȆƴȈǴŬơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ȃƾǳ ƧƾǸƬǠŭơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǑǂǠǻ ǹƗ ǲƦǫ ƾȈǨŭơ ǺǷȁ
ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ ǺǷ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǳȉơ ǽǀǿ ǦǫȂǷ ƾǼǟ ǦǫȂƬǻ ǹƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǺǸȈǳơȁ
.ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢȀƬǼƦƫ Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (Ɨ)

Ŗǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǁơǂǫƛ ńƛ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ ƪǐǴƻ
ȄǴǟ ǙƢǨūơ ƧǁȁǂǓ ȄǴǟ ƪǐǻ ƾǫȁ .ÎÖÕÐ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴů ƢǿƾǸƬǟơ
.ƱǁƢŬơȁ ǲƻơƾǳơ ǺǷ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƤȇǂƼƬǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƩȏȁƢŰ ǺǷ ǾƬȇƢŧȁ ĺǂǠǳơ ǺǗȂǳơ ǺǷƗ
"ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ" ǵơǂƥƛ Ƨǂǰǧ ńȁȋơ ƧǂǸǴǳ ƩǂȀǛ ÎÖÕÔ ǵƢǟ Ŀȁ
ǞǴǘǷ Ŀ Ƣǿǁơǂǫȍ ƨȈǴǸǠǳơ ƩơȂǘŬơ ńȁƗ ƩƗƾƥȁ ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǝƢǸƬƳơ Ŀ
ǩơǂǠǳơ ȁǄǣ ƨƴȈƬǻ ÎÖÖÍ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ Ŀ ƪǠǳƾǻơ Ŗǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ ƣǂƷ ǹƗ ȏƐ ƛ ƩƢǼȈǠǈƬǳơ
ƾǟơȂǫ ƨǻȁƾǷ ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴů ƾǸƬǟơ ÎÖÖÓ ǵƢǟ Ŀȁ .ƽȂȀŪơ ƩƾŦ ƪȇȂǰǴǳ
ǹȁƽ ƨǳȂǴȈūơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ Ƕǟƽ ǵƾǠƥ ǆǴĐơ Ŀ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƢȀƦƳȂŠ ǵǄƬǴƫ ǭȂǴǇ
ƢǸǯ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǴǳ ƿȐŭơ ŚǧȂƫ ǵƾǟȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋ ǖȈǘƼƬǴǳ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ǵơƾƼƬǇơ
ȄǴǟ ƢȀƬǷƢǫƛȁ ƢǿƽȁƾƷ Őǟ ƢȀǴǴǈƫ ǞǼǷȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ȄǴǟ ǩƢǼŬơ ǪȈȈǔƬƥ ƾȀǠƬƫ
ȁƗ śƥǁƢŮơ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǳơȁ ȅǂƸƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǱƢů Ŀ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ
.łƛ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǶƟơǂƳ Ŀ ǶȀȈǴǟ ǵȂǰƄơ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ" ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴů ƾǸƬǟơ ÎÖÖÔ ǵƢǟ Ŀȁ
Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƽȂȀƳ ǪȈǈǼƫ ńƛ ȄǷǂƫ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ǺǷ ƨǴŦ ƪǼǸǔƫ Ŗǳơ" ƣƢǿǁȍơ
.ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǞǸƬĐơ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǄȇǄǠƫȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ǀȈǨǼƫ ƨǠƥƢƬŠ ǆǴƴǸǴǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨǻƢǷȌǳ ǞƥƢƬǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǗǂǌǴǳ ĺǂǠǳơ ƤƬǰŭơ ǵȂǬȇȁ
Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴů ȄǴǟ ǑǂǠĄȇ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀđ ȅȂǼǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƽơƾǟƛȁ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǽǀŮ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠǷƢƳ ǂǬǷ Ŀ ƩƾǸĄƬǟơ ÎÖÖÕ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ Ŀȁ .ƨȇƽƢǠǳơ Ǿƫǁȁƽ Ŀ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ
.ÎÖÖÖ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ Ô ǵȂȇ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƿƢǨǼǳơ ǄȈƷ ƪǴƻƽȁ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ"
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‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ƝƽƢƦŭƢƥ" ƢȀǼǷ ƢǷơǄƬǳơ ƢȀƬǷǂƥƗ ƾǫ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǹƗ ńƛ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƨƳƢƦȇƽ Śǌƫȁ
ƨǷȌǳ ňƢǈǻȍơ ƭơǂƬǳƢƥ ơǀǯȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƢǸȈǇ ȏȁ ƨȈǷƢǈǳơ ƨȈǼȇƾǳơȁ ƨȈǫȐƻȋơ
ǵƢǰƷȋơ Ȅǿȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ Ȃǟƾƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǰǋƗ ǲǯ ǀƦǼƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ƨǷƢǫƛ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǹȁƢǠƫ ȄǴǟ ƪǷƢǫ Ŗǳơ ǾǈǇƗȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦǷ ƢȀǠǷ ȄǋƢǸƬƫ Ŗǳơ
ǵȐǈǳơ
ǪȈƯơȂŭơȁ ƽȂȀǠǳơ ǞȈŦȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠǷƢƳ ǩƢưȈŠ ƢƆǷơǄƬǳơȁ
ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǰƫ Ŗǳơ ȃǂƻȋơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
ǦǴƬƼŠ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ŀ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪƷ ȄǴǟ ơƆƾȈǯƘƫȁ
ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƢȀǬƷ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơȁ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ǂȇǂŢ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ
ƾǏƢǬŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǾǴǯ Ǯǳƿȁ ĺǂǟ ƾǴƥ ǲǰǳ ƨȈƥơǂƬǳơ ƧƾƷȂǳơ ȄǴǟ ǚǧƢŹ ƢŠ ƢŮȐǬƬǇơȁ ƢǿŚǐǷ
."Ƣēơǁơǂǫȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ ƝƽƢƦǷȁ
ǱƢǠǧƗ ǺǷ ǲǠǧ ǲǯ" ǾǻƘƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǥċǂǠĄȇ ńȁȋơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧǂǬǨǴǳ ƢǬƦǗȁ
ȁƗ ȅƽǂǧ ȆǷơǂƳƛ ǝȁǂǌŭ ơǀȈǨǼƫ ǞǬȇ ǾǓơǂǣƗ ȁƗ ǾưǟơȂƥ ƪǻƢǯ ƢȇƗ Ǿƥ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ȁƗ ǦǼǠǳơ
ȁƗ ǶēƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǶȀƟơǀȇƜƥ ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫ ȁƗ ǅƢǼǳơ śƥ Ƥǟǂǳơ ƔƢǬǳƛ ńƛ ǥƾȀȇ ȆǟƢŦ
ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǭȐǷȋơ ȁƗ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ƾƷƘƥ ȁƗ ƨƠȈƦǳƢƥ ǁǂǔǳơ ǩƢūƛ ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǶȀǼǷƗ ȁƗ ǶȀƬȇǂƷ
."ǂǘƼǴǳ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƽǁơȂŭơ ƾƷƗ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ȁƗ ƢŮȐƬƷơ ȁƗ ƨǏƢŬơ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂŪơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ńȁȋơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ ƨưǳƢưǳơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ ƪǧĈǂǟ ǩƢȈǈǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀȁ
ȁƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȅƗ Ŀ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢȀȈǧ ǝȁǂǋ ȁƗ ƨŻǂƳ ȅƗ" ƢĔƘƥ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƾǠƫ ƢǸǯ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ƢĔȂǻƢǫ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠȇ ƢȀūƢǐǷ ȁƗ ƢēƢǰǴƬŲ ȁƗ ƢǿƢȇƢǟǁ ȄǴǟ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ƢȀǼǷ ǾƬǼưƬǇơ ƢǷ ơƾǟ ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
.ƢȀȈǴǟ ǩƽƢǐƫ Ń Ŗǳơ ȁƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ
ŔǷ ȄǴǟ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ȃǂƻȋơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǒǠƥȁ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ȂȈǯȂǗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (Ɨ)
.ÎÖÓÐ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÎÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ
ȅƢǿȏ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ƣ)
.ÎÖÔÍ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ
ƨǠǫȂŭơ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (Ʊ)
.Ƣđ ǪƸǴŭơ ǱȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ ÎÖÔÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÐ Ŀ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ
ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ƽ)
.ÎÖÔÐ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÑ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨƦǫƢǠŭơȁ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ
9
ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÔ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (ºǿ)

.ÎÖÔÖ
ƨǼǏǂǬǳƢƥ ƢȀǼǷ ǪǴǠƫ ƢǷȁ ÎÖÕÐ ǵƢǠǳ ǁƢƸƦǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ȁ )
.ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ
ȏ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ" Ŀ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫȁ
ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǦǴƬƼŠ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƩȏƢƷ ƨŻǂƳ ƾǠƫ
ǺǷ ŐƬǠȇ ȏȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫȁ ǁǂƸƬǳơ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ
ƽƢǠƦƬǇơ ƾȈǨȇ ƢŠ "ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȅȋ ƨȈƥơǂƬǳơ ƧƾƷȂǳƢƥ ǆŻ ǲǸǟ ǲǯ ƩȏƢūơ ǽǀǿ
.ǝȁǂǌŭơ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƧǂƟơƽ ǺǷ ƨȈǳƢǐǨǻȏơ ƩƢǯǂūơ
ƧǂƟơƽ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǺǷ ƨǨƟƢǗ ƽƢǠƦƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȂǠǓơȁ ǍǂƷ ƢǸǯ
:ŅƢƬǳƢǯ Ȇǿȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳƔƢǈŭơ ǩƢǘǻ Ŀ ƱǁƾǼƫ ƮȈŞ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
ǶŮȂǏƗ ȁƗ ǶēƢƳȁǃȁ ǵƢǰūơȁ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƔƢǇƙǁȁ ǭȂǴǷ ȄǴǟ ȅƾǠƬǳơ Î
.ǶȀǟȁǂǧ ȁƗ
ȁƗ ƩƢǷȂǰūơ ƔƢǇƙǁ ȁƗ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƔƢǇƙǁ ƣơȂǻ ȁƗ ƾȀǠǳơ ƔƢȈǳȁƗ ȄǴǟ ȅƾǠƬǳơ Ï
.ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȅƗ Ŀ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ
ƔơǂǨǈǳơ ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ȄǴǟ ȅƾǠƬǳơ Ð
.ƢȀȇƾǳ ǹȁƾǸƬǠŭơ ȁƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơȁ
ǲƟƢǇȁ ȁƗ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ȁƗ ƽơǂǧȋơ ƾǓ ǽơǂǯƜƥ ƨƥȂƸǐŭơ ƨǫǂǈǳơȁ ƾǸǠǳơ ǲƬǬǳơ Ñ
.ƩȐǏơȂŭơȁ ǲǬǼǳơ
Ȃǳȁ ŕƷ ƨǷƢǟ ƨǷƾŬ ƨǐǐƼŭơ ƩƢǰǴƬǸǸǴǳ ǥȐƫȍơȁ ƤȇǂƼƬǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ Ò
.ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǳȁƾǳ ƨǯȂǴŲ ƪǻƢǯ
ȁƗ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ȁƗ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ƧǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ Ƥȇǂē ȁƗ ǞȈǼǐƫ ǶƟơǂƳ Ó
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǶƟơǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁȏ ƾǠƫ Ŗǳơ ƽơȂŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣ
ȃȂƬǈǷ ȄǴǟ ƨǠǷƢŪơ ǆǴů ǁƾǏƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ ǄȇǄǠƫ ǁƢǗƛ Ŀȁ
ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ ǱƢǠǧƗ" Ʊơǁƽƛ ƨȈǻƢǰǷƛ Ŀ ǂǜǼǴǳ ÏÍÍÏ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ ÏÕ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÏÐÎ Ƕǫǁ ǽǁơǂǫ ƨǸǬǳơ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǞŦȁ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩơǁȂǌǼŭơ ǞȇǃȂƫȁ ǂǌǻȁ ǞƦǗȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋƢƥ ƧƽƢǋȍơȁ
"ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ Ǒơǂǣȋ ƩƢǰǴƬŲ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơȁ ƣƢǈƬǯơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ŁƢǐǳ ƨȇŚƻ ƩƢȈǠŦ ǁƢƬǇ ƪŢ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǸǓ
Ǻȇǂǌƫ Õ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ÑÖÏ Ƕǫǁ ǽǁơǂǫ ƤƳȂŠ ǱƾǠǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴů Ǫǧơȁ ƾǫȁ
ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ÑÎÕ Ƕǫǁ ǽǁơǂǫ ƤƳȂŠ ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴůȁ ÏÍÍÐ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ
10
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ơǀǿ ƤƳȂŠȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ǺǷ Ǳȁȋơ Ǫǌǳơ ǲȇƾǠƫ ȄǴǟ ÏÍÍÑ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÎÒ
ǑǂǤǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢȀȈǧ ǝȁǂǋ ȁƗ ƨŻǂƳ ȅƗ" ƢĔƘƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂŪơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ȃǂŸ ǲȇƾǠƬǳơ
ƤǫƢǠȇ ǶēƢǰǴƬŲ ȁƗ ƢǿƢȇƢǟǁ ȄǴǟ ȁƗ ƢȀūƢǐǷ ȁƗ ƢēƢǰǴƬŲ ȄǴǟ ȁƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬǷ ƨǳȁƽ ȅƗ Ŀ ĺƢǿǁƛ
ƢǿǀȈƦŢ ȁƗ ƢŮ ƲȇȁǂƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ƢĔȂǻƢǫ ƢȀȈǴǟ
ƧƾǠǷ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ ƢȀǟȂǻ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ƩȐȈƴǈƫ ȁƗ ƩƢǟȂƦǘǷ ȁƗ ƩơǁǂŰ ƧǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ ǂǌǻ ȁƗ ǞƦǗȁ
ƾǠȇ ƢǸǯ .ǶƟơǂŪơ ǮǴƬǳ ơƆǀȈƦŢ ȁƗ ƢƆŸȁǂƫ ǺǸǔƬƫ ƪǻƢǯȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ŚǤǳơ ǝȐǗƛ ȁƗ ǞȇǃȂƬǴǳ
ǶǴǠǳơ ǞǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǲȇȂǸƬǳ ƢȀǟȂǻ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǞŦ ȁƗ ŉƾǬƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ
ǂǜƷ ńƛ Ȇǟơƾǳơ Ņȁƾǳơ ǾƳȂƬǳơ ƨƦǯơȂǷ Ŀ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨƦǣǁ ǲȇƾǠƬǳơ ơǀǿ ǆǰǠȇȁ ."Ǯǳǀƥ
.ǾǴȇȂŤ ȁƗ Ǿǳ ƲȇȁǂƬǳơ ȁƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ȄǴǟ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ
ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƾȈȈŢ ƨǳƘǈǷ ǺǷ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǦǫȂǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ƾǈšȁ
Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǦǴƬƼŠ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƩȏƢƷ ƨŻǂƳ ƾǠƫ ȏ" :ǾǻƘƥ ȆǔǬƬǧ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ
ƝƽƢƦŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫȁ ǁǂƸƬǳơ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȅȋ ƨȈƥơǂƬǳơ ƧƾƷȂǳƢƥ ǆŻ ǲǸǟ ǲǯ ƩȏƢūơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ŐƬǠȇ ȏȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ǝȁǂǌŭơ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƧǂƟơƽ ǺǷ ƨȈǳƢǐǨǻȏơ ƩƢǯǂūơ ƽƢǠƦƬǇơ Ǯǳƿ ȄǔƬǬǷȁ ."ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ȅƗ ƾǠƫ ȏƗ" ȄǴǟ ƧƽƢŭơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ (ƣ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƧǂƟơƽ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ƽƢǠƦƬǇơ Ǯǳƿ ǹƘǋ ǺǷȁ ."ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƨǬƥƢǈǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ
.ƢȀưǟơȂƥ ƪǻƢǯ ƢȇƗ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
ƮȈƷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƨưǳƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǴŦƗȁ
ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ȁƗ ǲȇȂŤ ȁƗ ǶȈǜǼƫ ǵƾǠƥ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƾȀǠƫ" ȄǴǟ ƪǐǻ
."ǁȂǐǳơ ǺǷ ƧǁȂǏ ƨȇƘƥ ƢȀȈǧ ǭơǂƬǋȏơ
ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨȈǳƕ" ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơȁ ǱƾǠǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ȆǈǴů ǺǷ ƨǯǂƬǌǷ ƨȇǁơǃȁ ƨǼŪ ƪǠǓȁȁ
ƔÅ ơǂƳƛ ÒÏ Ƣǿƽƾǟȁ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȐǳ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƪǼǸǔƫ" ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ƨǠƥƢƬǷ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǗǂǌǴǳ ĺǂǠǳơ ƤƬǰŭơ ńȂƬȇȁ .ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǱƢů Ŀ
ƧƾǟƢǬƥ ƤƬǰŭơ ƽÊȁǃĄ ƾǫȁ ƢȀǼȈƥ ƢǸȈǧ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƘǌƥ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ǪȈǈǼƫȁ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȐǳ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ƨǸƟƢǫ ƩƾǟƌƗȁ ǾƳǁƢƻȁ ĺǂǠǳơ ǺǗȂǳơ ǲƻơƽ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơȁ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơ ǱȂƷ ƩƢǻƢȈƥ
ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭƢƥ ƢȀưȇƾŢ ƾǠƥ ƢƆȇȂǼǇ ƢǿǁơƾǏƛ ǶƬȇ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ȅǀǨǼǷȁ ȅǂƥƾǷ ƔƢũƘƥ ƔơƽȂǇ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ǺǷ ȁƗ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƤƬǰŭơ ƢȀȈǬƬǈȇ Ŗǳơ
řǷȋơ ǱƢĐơ Ŀ "ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǞǼǷ Śƥơƾƫ" ȄǴǟ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǎǼƫȁ
ǶȈǴǈƫ ǺǷ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǱƢĐơ Ŀ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢȈǳƕ ňƢưǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ Ŀ ƪǳȁƢǼƫ ƢǸǯ Ñȁ Ð śƫƽƢŭơ Ŀ
ǺǷ ƨǴǐƸƬŭơ ƩơƾƟƢǠǳơȁ ƔƢȈǋȋơȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǲǬǻȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢƥƢǻȍơȁ śǷǂĐơ
.ƢȇƢƸǔǳơȁ ƔơŐŬơȁ ƽȂȀǌǳơ ƨȇƢŧȁ ƨǳƽȋơ ǱƽƢƦƫȁ ƢȀǘƦǓ Ǻǟ ƨšƢǼǳơȁ ƨŻǂŪơ
11
ƨȇƽƢǋǂƬǇȏơ śǻơȂǬǳơ
Ǳȁƾǳơ Ƣđ ȅƾƬē ƨȇƽƢǋǂƬǇơ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǫ ǂǗƗ ŚǧȂƫ ȄǴǟ ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴů ǺǷ ƢƆǏǂƷ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ śǻơȂǬǳơ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƩǂǫƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǲȇƾǠƫ ȁƗ ǺǇ Ŀ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆƳƿȂǸǼǳơ ĺǂǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ƧǂǘŬơ ƽơȂŭơȁ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋƢƥ ǍƢŬơ ȆƳƿȂǸǼǳơ ĺǂǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ȆƳƿȂŶ ĺǂǟ ǹȂǻƢǫ
.Ƣđ ƽƢǋǂƬǇȐǳ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ȄǴǟ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǽǀǿ ƪǸĈǸǟȁ
(ÏÍÍÕ) ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ǻǟ śǳȁƚǈǸǴǳ ĺǂǠǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ

ǂǌǟ ȅƽƢūơ ĺǂǠǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ ÏÍÍÕ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÏÓÏÒ ȆǷȂȇ ǱȐƻ ǆǻȂƫ Ŀ ƾǬǟ
Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ŀ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǾȈǧ ƪǯǁƢǋ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ǻǟ śǳȁƚǈǸǴǳ
ƨǘƻ ǾȈǳƛ ƪȀƬǻơ ƢǷ ƤǯơȂƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ǾǳȐƻ ƾǸĄƬǟơȁ ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƢȀŷƗ ǺǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǲȈǠǨƬǳ ƧƾǸƬǠŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ
:ȆǴȇ ƢŠ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ȄǏȁƗȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǴǳ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǞƥƢǼŭơ ǦȈǨš Î
śƥ ȆƟơǂƳȍơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢǫȐǟ ǄȇǄǠƫ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ (Ɨ)
ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƧǄȀƳȋơ ƢȀǼǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƧǄȀƳȋơ
ƩơƾƷȁ ƨȇȂǔǟ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƧǄȀƳƗ ƨǯǁƢǌǷ ƧƢǟơǂǷȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơȁ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ
ƨǴǏơȂǷ ǲǨǰȇ ƢŠ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǲǸǟ ǶȈǜǼƫ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ (ƣ)
ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơ ǲȇȂǸƬǳ ƢŮȐǤƬǇơ ǹȁƽ ƨǳȂǴȈūơȁ ƨȈǻƢǈǻȍơ ƢȀƬǳƢǇǂǳ ƢȀƟơƽƗ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ǺǷ ƧƾȇƾŪơ ǱƢȈƳȋơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơ ƤȈǳƢǇƗ ǁȂǘƫ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ï
:ļȉƢǯ Ǯǳƿ ǲƦǇ ǲċǐǧȁ .śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǺǇ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƧȂǟƽ (Ɨ)
ƪǻǂƬǻȎǳ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǵơƾƼƬǇȏƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǏƢƻ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǴǳ ƧƾȇƾŪơ ƤȈǳƢǇȋơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǲǨǰȇ ƢŠ ƨưȇƾūơ ƩƢȈǼǬƬǳơȁ
ƩƢǇơǁƾǳơ ƔơǂƳƜƥ ǵƢǸƬǿȏơ ƧƽƢȇǃ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƧȂǟƽ (ƣ)
Ŀ ƢǿƾǼš Ŗǳơ ƧƾȇƾŪơ ǱƢȈƳȋơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ǱȂƷ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƭȂƸƦǳơȁ
.ƢȀǧȂǨǏ
12
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
Ŀ śǴǷƢǠǴǳ ƨȈƦȇǁƾƫ Ƨǁȁƽ ǶȈǜǼƫ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ǵȂǴǠǴǳ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ǦȇƢǻ ƨǠǷƢƳ ńƛ ƤǴǘǳơ (Ʊ)
.ƢǿǁȂǘƫȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǴǳ ƨưȇƾūơ ƤȈǳƢǇȋơ ǱȂƷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƧǄȀƳƗ
ǁƢǗȍơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ȆǏȂȇȁ .ƢȀǴǰǌƫ ƨȈǨȈǯȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ƔȂǌǻ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ð
:ȆǴȇ ƢŠ
ǲǯƢǌŭơ ƨŪƢǠǷ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƧȂǟƽ (Ɨ)
ƧƽƢȇǃȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ȆǷƢǼƫ ȄǴǟ ƾǟƢǈƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ǝƢǓȁȋơȁ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǜǳơ ǪȇȂǘƫ Ŀ ǶǿƢǈȇ ƢŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƨǧƢǯ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢǫȐǟ ǄȇǄǠƫ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƧȂǟƽ (ƣ)
ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢƠȈŮơȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ
ƢŠ ƢȀƬǘǌǻƗȁ ƢēƘǌǻȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǟƢǸŪƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƣǁƢƴƬǳơȁ ƩơŐŬơȁ
.ƢǿǁƢǘƻƗ Ɣǁƽȁ ƢȀƬƸǧƢǰǷ ȄǴǟ ƾǟƢǈȇ
:ȆǴȇ ƢŠ ȆǏȂȇ .ǶƟƢǬǳơ ǞǫơȂǳơ ǲǛ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ƨȈǴƦǬƬǈŭơ ƧǂǜǼǳơ ǱƢů Ŀȁ Ñ
ƧǄȀƳȋơ ƩƢȈǻƢǰǷƛȁ Ʃơǁƾǫ ǶȈǟƾƫ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ (Ɨ)
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǜǳơ ƩƢȇƾŢ ƨȀƳơȂǷ ǺǷ ƢȀǼȈǰǸƬǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ
.ƨȈǷơǂƳȍơ ƢēơȁƽƗ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ
ƨǧƢǯ ǱƽƢƦƫ ƨǟǂǇ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƧȂǟƽ (ƣ)
ƢēȏƢǐƫơȁ ƢēƢȈƳȂǳȂȇƾȇƛȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳƢƥ ƨǴǐƬŭơ ƩơƾƴƬǈŭơ
ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ǵƢǰƷȍ ƨƯƾƸƬǈŭơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ƢȀƬǘǌǻƗȁ
ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱȂƻƽȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ǲǴǈƫ ǞǼǷ ǲǨǰȇ ƢŠ ǀǧƢǼŭơ ȄǴǟ
.ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ ƧǁȂǐƥ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơȁ
ȆǏȂȇ ǞǸƬĐơ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǜǳ ƧƾȇƾŪơ ƩơŚƯƘƬǳơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ ǱƢů Ŀȁ Ò
:ȆǴȇ ƢŠ
ƾǓ ǞǸƬĐơ śǐƸƬƥ ƨǴȈǨǰǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƿƢţơ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ (Ɨ)
.ƢȀǼǟ ƨŦƢǼǳơ ƨȈƦǴǈǳơ ƩơŚƯƘƬǳơ ƨǧƢǯ ȅƽƢǨƫ Ŀ ƾǟƢǈȇ ƢŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ŚǧȂƫȁ ƣƢƦǌǳơ ǲȈŝ ǵƢǸƬǿȏơ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƧȂǟƽ (ƣ)
ƩơŚƯƘƫȁ ȅǂǰǨǳơ ǲȈǴǔƬǳơ ǾǼǟ ƾǠƦȇ ƢŠ Ǿǳ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƨȇƢǟǂǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǎǂǧ
.ƢǿǁƢǘƻƗȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǜǳơ
:ȆǴȇ ƢŠ ȄǏȂȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǁȁƾƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ Ó
13
ƔǊǼǳơ ƨȈǟȂƫ Ŀ Ƣǿǁȁƽ ǄȇǄǠƫȁ ƧǂǇȋơ ȄǴǟ ǄȈǯǂƬǳơ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ (Ɨ)
ǕȂǬǇ ǵƾǟȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǛ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƾǟƢǈȇ ƢŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǂǗƢű ǺǷ
.ƢŮ ƨȈƸǓ ƣƢƦǌǳơ
ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ ƨȇȂƥǂƬǳơȁ ƨȈǼȇƾǳơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭƢƥ ǵƢǸƬǿȏơ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ (ƣ)
Ŀ ƣȂǴǘŭơ Ƣǿǁȁƽ ƔơƽƗ ǺǷ ƢȀǼȈǰǸƬǳ ƢŮ ǵǃȐǳơ Ƕǟƾǳơ ŉƾǬƫȁ ƨǨǴƬƼŭơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƾǓ ƨȈǟȂƬǳơ
Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ǻǟ śǳȁƚǈǸǴǳ ǞǇƢƬǳơ ĺǂǠǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ ǹƗ ǂǯǀǳƢƥ ǂȇƾƳȁ
ńƛ ƧȂǟƾǳơ ƪȀƳĄȁ ǩƢȈǈǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀȁ .ȅǂǰǨǳơ ǺǷȋơ ǪȈǬŢ ƨȈǨȈǯ ǃǂƥƗ ƾǫ ÏÍÍÓ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ
Ŀ ǎǐƼƬǷ ǪȇǂǨƥ ƢȀȇƾǳ řǷȋơ ǵȐǟȍơ ƧǄȀƳƗ ǶȈǟƾƬǳ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ʃơǁơǃȁ
ǪȈǬŢȁ ǥǂƸǼŭơ ǂǰǨǳơ ǁƢǘƻƗ Ǧǌǯ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ ǄȇǄǠƫ ǥƾđ ȅǂǰǨǳơ ǺǷȋơ
ǂǰǨǳơ ơǀǿ ƾǓ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƨȀƦŪơ ǶȈǟƾƫ ǺǸǔȇ ƢŠ ȃǂƻȋơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǦǴƬű ǞǷ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
ǞǫơȂŭơ ǺǷ ǺǰŻ ƢǷ ƾǏǁ ȄǴǟ řǷȋơ ǵȐǟȎǳ ĺǂǠǳơ ƤƬǰŭơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ǾƫƢǟƽȁ
Ʃơƿ ƩƢȈǘǠǷ ȁƗ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ơƆǁƢǰǧƗ ƮƦƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǻȂȇǄǨǴƬǳơ ƩƢǘƄơȁ ƨȈǻȁǂƬǰǳȍơ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠǷƢƳ ǩƢǘǻ Ŀ ȃǂƻȋơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ǞǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨǘǌǻȋơȁ ǱƢǸǟȋƢƥ ƨǫȐǟ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠǷƢŪ ǵƢǠǳơ śǷȋơ ȄǇȂǷ ȁǂǸǟ ƾȈǈǳơ ǹƢǯȁ .ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǽǀŮ ȅƾǐƬǳơ ǲȈƦǇ Ŀ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ǑƢȇǂǳơ Ŀ ƾǬǟ ȅǀǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱȂƷ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ ǵƢǷƗ ǾƬǸǴǯ Ŀ ǂǯƿ ƾǫ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ǁȁǀƳ ƨŪƢǠǷ Ǻǟ Ʈȇƾūơ ǱƢƷ ȅƘƥ ǺǰŻ ȏ" ǾǻƗ ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ ńƛ Ò ǺǷ
ơǀǿ ǃǂǨȇ ȅǀǳơ ǥǂƸǼŭơ ǂǰǨǴǳ ƨȈǟơȂǳơȁ ƨȈǻȐǬǠǳơ ƨȀƳơȂŭơ Ǻǟ Ʈȇƾūơ ǹȁƽ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǀǨǼȇȁ ǖǘźȁ ǂǜǼȇ ǉċȂǌǷ ǂǰǧ Ǻǟ ǞƥƢǻ ǾȀƳơȂǻ ȅǀǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƛ ȆǷơǂƳȍơ ǭȂǴǈǳơ
ǵȐǇȍơ ǲǤƬǇơ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ǺǷ ǂǌǟ ȅƽƢūơ ƭơƾƷƗ ƾǠƥ ƨǏƢƻȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ ƔǄƳȁ
ǁơǂǬƬǇơ ǺǷ ǲȈǼǳơ ǥƾđ śǼǷȉơ ǖǇȁ ǁƢǷƾǳơȁ ǲƬǬǳơȁ Ƥǟǂǳơ ǂǌǼȈǳ Ȑ Ɔ ȀƳȁ ƆƢǻƢƬȀĄƥȁ ơƆǁȁǃ
Ǻȇƾǳơ ƾǓ ƨǓǂǤŭơ ƢēȐŧ ǾȈƳȂƬǳ ǵȐǇȎǳ ƨȇƽƢǠǷ ƩƢȀŪ ƨǠȇǁǀǳơ ǂǧȁ ƢŲ ǾǼǷƗȁ ǞǸƬĐơ
.śǸǴǈŭơȁ ƣǂǠǳơ ǺǷ ǲȈǼǳơ ƨǳȁƢŰȁ ƨƸǸǈǳơ ǾǸȈǫȁ ǦȈǼūơ ȆǷȐǇȍơ
ơǀǿ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ǵȐǇȍơ ǶǇƢƥ ǶƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǇǁƢǸǸǴǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơ ƤƳơȁ ǺǸǰȇ ƢǼǿȁ"
ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǺȇƾǴǳ ƨƸȈƸǐǳơ śǷƢǔŭơ Ƶǂǋ ȄǴǟ ǵȂǬƫ ƨȇȂƥǂƫȁ ƨȈǧƢǬƯ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǥǂƸǼŭơ ǂǰǨǳơ
."ǵȐǇȍơ ƢȀȈǳƛ Ȃǟƾȇ Ŗǳơ ƶǷƢǈƬǳơȁ ǱơƾƬǟȏơ ǶȈǫ ƺȈǇǂƫȁ ƆƢǯȂǴǇȁ ƧƾȈǬǟ ǦȈǼūơ
ǵƢȈǫ ƨȈǻƢǰǷƛ ƮƸƦǳ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ǞǷ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƩȏƢǐƫȏơ ƔơǂƳƛ Ô
ƨƸȈƸǐǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ȃȁƢƬǨǳơ ǑǂǠǳ ƪǻǂƬǻȍơ ƨǰƦǋ ȄǴǟ ǞǫȂǷ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ƨǸǜǼŭơ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƢȀǓơǂǣƗȁ ƨǴǴǔŭơ ȃȁƢƬǨǳơ Ǧȇǃ Ǧǌǯȁ ƢǿơȂƬŰ Ƶǂǋȁ
ǞǷ ƨǯǂƬǌŭơ ƩƢǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ƾǬǟȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǄȇǄǠƫ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ Õ
ǆǇȋơȁ ƝƽƢƦŭơ ǩƢǘǻ Ŀ Ǯǳƿȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪǐǻ Ŗǳơ
14
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ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢƆǧơǂǗƗ ƾǠƥ ƶƦǐƫ Ń Ŗǳơ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ Ö

ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ńƛ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩȏȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǮǴƫ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǞǷ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƫ ƨǷƔơȂǷ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơȁ
.ƢȀǬȈƦǘƫ Ŀ ǶǿƢǈȇ ƢŠ ƩȏȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǝǂǧ ƢȀǷƾǬȇ ǹƗ ǺǰŻ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǼǬƬǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭƢƥ ƨǻƢǠƬǇȏơ ÎÍ
ƤƬǰǷ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ƨŻǂŪơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭƢƥ řǠŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƤƬǰŭ ǞƥƢƬǳơ
ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ǞǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǳƢƥ ƢȈǬȇǂǧƗ ǱƢſȁ ǖǇȁȋơ ǩǂǌǴǳ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ
ƽȂȀŪơ ǂǧƢǔƫ Ŀ ǶȀǈȇ ƢŠ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼƴǴǳ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨȀƳơȂŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ Ƣǟƽȁ ȆƳȂǳȂȈƦǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƧǁȂǘƻ ńƛ ǂŤƚŭơ ǾĈƦǻ ÎÎ
śǷƘƫȁ ƨȈǷȂǰūơ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ Ǒǂǧ ǺǷƚƫ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫȁ ƨǸǜǻƗ ǞǓȁ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ
ȁƗ ƢȀǴǬǻ ȁƗ ƢǿǂȇȂǘƫ ȁƗ ƢēǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ ƨȈƳȂǳȂȈƥ ƽơȂǷ ƱƢƬǻƛ ǞǼŭ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƨȇƢǸūơ
ƧǁȂǐƥ Ƣđǂǈƫ ǹȁƽ ƨǳȂǴȈūơȁ ƢȀƳƢƬǻƛ Ŀ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ȁƗ ƢŮƢǸǠƬǇơ ȁƗ ƢȀǴȇȂŢ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ Ŀ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơȁ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ
ȄǴǟ Ʈūơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ŀ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ƨȈǸǼƬǳơ ǁȁƽ śǸưƫ ÎÏ
Ŀ ǺȇƢƦƬǳơȁ ȆǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ƩȁƢǨƬǳơ ǺǷ ƾūơ Ŀ ǶǿƢǈƫ ƲǷơǂƥȁ ƩƢǇƢȈǇ ǞǓȁ
ǪȈǬŢ Ŀ ǶǿƢǈȇ ƢŠ ƽȐƦǳơ Ŀ ƨǨǴƬƼŭơ ǪǗƢǼŭơ śƥ ȅƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ȂǸǼǳơ ȃȂƬǈǷ
ƩȏƢǸƬƷơ ǺǷ ǲǴǬȇȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƧǂƴŮơȁ ƨǳƢǘƦǳơ ƩȏƾǠǷ ǒȈǨţȁ ƨȈǸǼƬǳơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ
ǱƢǸǟƘƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơ Ŀ ňƾŭơ ǞǸƬĐơ ƩƢǸǜǼǷȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǁȁƽ ǲȈǠǨƫ ÎÐ
ƨȈǸǼƬǳơ ƧŚǈǷ ǶȈǟƾƫ Ŀ ǶǿƢǈƫ ƢǿŚǣȁ ƨȇȂǟȂƫȁ ƨȈƠȈƥȁ ƨȈƸǏȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳơ
.ĺƢǿǁȍơȁ ȆǷơǂƳȍơ ǭȂǴǈǳơ ǱƢǰǋƗ ǺǷ ǦȈǨƼƬǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ƣ)
ƧǂǿƢǛ ƧǁȂǘŬ ƧǂǰƦǷ ƧǂƬǧ ǀǼǷ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƧƽƢǫ ǾĈƦǼƫ
ǑƢȇǂǳơ ƨǼȇƾǷ Ŀ ƧƾǬǠǼŭơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƾǳ ȄǴǟȋơ ǆǴƴǸǴǳ ƨǼǷƢưǳơ Ƨǁȁƾǳơ Ŀȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
Ŀ ǁƾǏ Ľ "ƨǴǷƢǌǳơ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ" ǁơǂǫƛ Ļ ÎÖÕÔ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭƢƥ
ƢǸǯ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǖǬǈǷ ǹȐǟƛ" ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ Ǻǟ ÏÍÍÎ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ
Ŀ ƪȇȂǰǳơ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ǆǴĐơ Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǴƻơƽ Ɣơǁǃȁ Ǟǫȁ
ƽȂȀŪơ ǪȈǈǼƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǛ ƔơȂƬƷȏ ǭǂƬǌǷ ǲǸǟ ƲǷƢǻǂƥ ǺǸǓ ÏÍÍÑ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ
.ƨǯǂƬǌǷ ƨȈǼǷƗ ƨȈƫƢǷȂǴǠǷ ƧƾǟƢǫ ńƛ ƽƢǼƬǇȐǳ
15
ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷ ƢƆǷơǄƬǳơ ƢȀǷơǂƥƛ ńƛ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƨƳƢƦȇƽ Śǌƫȁ
śƬǷȋơȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǞǸƬƴǸǴǳ ňƢǈǻȍơȁ ȅǁƢǔūơ ƭơǂƬǳơȁ ƨȈǫȐƻȋơȁ ƨȈǼȇƾǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭƢƥ" ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ǦǼǠǳơ ǀƦǻ ńƛ ƢȀǠȈŦ Ȃǟƾƫ Ŗǳơȁ ȆƴȈǴŬơ ǞǸƬĐơ ƾȈǳƢǬƫȁ ǶȈǫȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ƨǠǷƢƳ ǩƢưȈǷ ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǪȈƯơȂŭƢƥ ǵơǄƬǳȏơ ȄǴǟ ơƆƾȈǯƘƫȁ .ǽǁȂǏȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ǲǰƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ
ǺǰŻ ȏ ƣƢǿǁȍơ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƾȇƾǌƬǳƢƥ Ǯǳƿ ǹǂƬǫơȁ ."ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ
ǒǤƥ ǽǂǿƢǜǷȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ǞȈǸŝ ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷ ƤŸ ŅƢƬǳƢƥȁ ƨȇƢǣ ȁƗ ƮǟƢƥ ȁƗ ǥǂǛ ȅƘƥ ǽǂȇŐƫ
ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ŀ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪƷ" ȄǴǟ Ǿƫơƿ ƪǫȂǳơ Ŀ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ǞǷ "ǾǧơƾǿƗȁ ǾƥƢƦǇƗȁ ǾǇƢǇƗ Ǻǟ ǂǜǼǳơ
."ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǦǴƬƼŠ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǺǷ ǲǰǳ ƢǨȇǂǠƫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ńȁȋơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ðȁ Ï ǹƢƫǂǬǨǳơ ǺǸǔƬƫȁ
ƢƆȇƗ Ǿƥ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ȁƗ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǠǧƗ ǺǷ ǲǠǧ" ǾǻƘƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ Î ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǥǂǠƬǧ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂŪơȁ
ƔƢǬǳƛ ńƛ ǥƾȀȇȁ ȆǟƢŦ ȁƗ ȅƽǂǧ ȆǷơǂƳƛ ǝȁǂǌŭ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ ǞǬȇ ǾǓơǂǣƗ ȁƗ ǾưǟơȂƥ ƪǻƢǯ
ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǶȀǼǷƗ ȁƗ ǶȀƬȇǂƷ ȁƗ ǶēƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǶȀƟơǀȇƜƥ ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫ ȁƗ ǅƢǼǳơ śƥ Ƥǟǂǳơ
ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ȁƗ ƢŮȐƬƷơ ȁƗ ƨǏƢŬơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ ȁƗ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ƾƷƘƥ ȁƗ ƨƠȈƦǳƢƥ ǁǂǔǳơ ǩƢūƛ
."ǂǘƼǴǳ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƽǁơȂŭơ ƾƷƗ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ
ȁƗ ƨŻǂƳ ȅƗ" ƢĔƘƥ" ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂŪơ" ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ńȁȋơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ð ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǥǂǠƫȁ
ƢȀūƢǐǷ ȁƗ ƢēƢǰǴƬŲ ȄǴǟ ȁƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬǷ ƨǳȁƽ ȅƗ Ŀ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢȀȈǧ ǝȁǂǋ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ƢĔȂǻƢǫ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠȇ ǶēƢǰǴƬŲ ȁƗ ƢǿƢȇƢǟǁ ȄǴǟ ȁƗ
ȁƗ ƩƢǟȂƦǘǷ ȁƗ ƩơǁǂŰ ƧǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ ǂǌǻ ȁƗ ǞƦǗȁ ƢǿǀȈƦŢ ȁƗ ƢŮ ƲȇȁǂƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ǺǸǔƬƫ ƪǻƢǯȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ŚǤǳơ ǝȐǗȏ ȁƗ ǞȇǃȂƬǴǳ ƧƾǠǷ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ ƢȀǟȂǻ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ƩȐȈƴǈƫ
".ǶƟơǂŪơ ǮǴƬǳ ơƆǀȈƦŢ ȁƗ ƢƆŸȁǂƫ
ƢǷ ơƾǟ ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƾǠȇ ƢǸǯ
:ƢȀȈǴǟ ǩƽƢǐƫ Ń ȁƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ƢȀǼǷ ǾƬǼưƬǇơ
.Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ (Ɨ)
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (ƣ)
ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ŔǷ ȄǴǟ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ȃǂƻȋơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǒǠƥȁ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (Ʊ)
.ÎÖÓÐ ǵƢǟ ȂȈǯȂǗ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ
ȅƢǿȏ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ƽ )
.ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǟ
ƨǠǫȂŭơ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ºǿ)
ǵƢǟ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ǞǫȂŭơȁ Ƣđ ǪƸǴŭơ ǱȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ ÎÖÔÎ ǵƢǟ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ
.ÎÖÕÕ
16
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ȁ )

ÎÑ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨƦǫƢǠŭơȁ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ
.ÎÖÔÐ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ
ÎÔ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (ǃ)
.ÎÖÔÖ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ
Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÓ Ŀ ƢǼȈȈǧ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (Ƶ)
.ÎÖÔÖ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ
ƨǼǏǂǬǳƢƥ ƢȀǼǷ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǷȁ ÎÖÕÐ ǵƢǠǳ ǁƢƸƦǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (Ǖ )
.ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ
ǹơŚǘǳơ ǵƾţ Ŗǳơ ƩơǁƢǘŭơ Ŀ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ (ȅ )
ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫƢƥ ǪƸǴŭơ Ņȁƾǳơ ňƾŭơ
.ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ
ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ (ǭ)
.ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǟ ƢǷȁǁ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽȂƳȂŭơ
ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (Ǳ )
.ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǟ ƢǷȁǁ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ
ǵƢǟ ǭǁȂȇȂȈǻ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ ǲƥƢǼǬǳƢƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (ǵ )
.ÎÖÖÔ
ǵƢǟ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ ƢȀǨǌǯ ǑǂǤƥ ƨȈǰȈƬǇȐƦǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǄȈȈŤ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ǹ )
.ÎÖÖÎ
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (ǅ)
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǾƬǠƦƫơ ȅǀǳơ ƲȀǼǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ƪĈǼƦƫȁ
Ȃǳ ŕƷ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǩƢǘǻ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ƽƢǠƦƬǇơ ǹƘǌƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢȈǳƕ ƨǷȂǜǼǷ Ŀ ƱǁƾǼƫȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳƔƢǈŭơ ǺǷ ƪǴǨƫ ȏ ƮȈŞ ȆǇƢȈǇ ǥƾđ ƪƦǰƫǁơ
.(ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ ƣ ƧǂǬǨǳơ) ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ƢǸȈǧ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ řǷȋơ
ǆǷƢŬơ ƢȀǴǐǧ Ŀ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƪǳȁƢǼƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ȄǴǟ ǩƢǼŬơ ǪȈȈǔƫ ǩƢȈǇ Ŀȁ
ȄǴǟ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƢȀƬȇȏȁ ǹƢȇǂǇ ƾǯƚƫ ǹƘƥ ƢȀƬƦǳƢǗȁ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȂǳơ ǁƢǗƛ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƩȏƢūơ Ŀ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
.ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ȄǴǟ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢǷƾǼǟ (Ɨ)
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ƨǴƴǈǷ ƧǂƟƢǗ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶǴǟ Ǟǧǂƫ ƨǼȈǨǇ ŔǷ ȄǴǟ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢǷƾǻ (ƣ)
.ƨŻǂŪơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƪǫȁ ƢȀȇƾǳ
.(ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ÏÖ ƧƽƢŭơ) ƨǳȁƾǳơ řǗơȂǷ ƾƷƗ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ƢǷƾǼǟ (Ʊ)
ȅƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƢȀƬȇȏȁ ƾŤ ǹƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƩǃƢƳƗ ƢȀȈǴƫ Ŗǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀȁ
.ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ
.ƢȀȈǼǗơȂǷ ƾƷƗ ƾǓ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢǷƾǼǟ (Ɨ)
ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ǥƾđ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƨŻǂƴǴǳ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ ȁƗ ƽơƾǟȍơ ǶƬȇ ƢǷƾǼǟ (ƣ)
.ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ǲƻơƽ
ƽƢƬǠŭơ ǾƬǷƢǫƛ ǲŰ ƾƳȂȇ ƨȈǈǼŪơ ǱȂȀů ƢƆǐƼǋ ƨŻǂŪơ ƤǰƫǂǷ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ (Ʊ)
.ƢȀȈǧ
.ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ǵƢǟ ǪǧǂǷ ƾǓ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢǷƾǼǟ (ƽ )
ƨǳȁƽ ǲǯ ȄǴǟ śǠƬȇ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ÐÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ǱơȂƷȋơ ǞȈŦ Ŀȁ
ƨǳȂǸǌŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƢȀƬȇȏȁ ǹƢȇǂǇ ƾȈǯƘƬǳ Śƥơƾƫ ǺǷ ǵǄǴȇ ƢǷ ƾǸƬǠƫ ǹƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬǷ
ƧƾǫƢǠƬǷ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǳȁƾǳ ǾǸǴǈƫ ǹƗ ȁƗ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ Ŀ ơƆƽȂƳȂǷ ǶȀƬŭơ ǹȂǰȇ ƢǷƾǼǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀđ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ƤǴǘǷ ƪǟơǁ ƾǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǹȂǰƫ Ǯǳǀƥȁ ."Ǯǳƿ ƪƦǴǗ
.ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳƔƢǈŭơ ǺǷ ƢēȐǧƛ ǹȁƽ ǱȂŹ ƢŠ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ȄǴǟ ǩƢǼŬơ ǪȈȈǔƫ Ŀ
ǾȈǧ ǶƬȇ ǲǠǧ ǲǯ" ƢĔƘƥ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ Ƕǟƽ ƨǘǌǻƗ" ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Î ƧƽƢŭơ ǥďǂǠƫȁ
ȁƗ ȅƽǂǧ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǕƢǌǻ ȅȋ ƢēơƾƟƢǟ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷƗ ǲȇȂŢ ȁƗ ǲǬǻ ȁƗ ǎȈǐţ ȁƗ ǶȈǴǈƫ ȁƗ ǞŦ
ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ȅƘƥ ǽǂǏƢǼǟ ȁƗ ǕƢǌǼǳơ ơǀǿ ƨƸǴǐŭ ǵƢȈǬǳơ ȁƗ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ȁƗ ǲƻơƾǳơ Ŀ ȆǟƢŦ
ƢŮȐǤƬǇȏ ǱơȂǷƗ ȄǴǟ ƨǘǇơȂǳƢƥ ȁƗ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ ǲȈǐƸƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨȇǁƢš ȁƗ ƨȈǧǂǐǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǰǼƥ
ȁƗ ǽǂǏƢǼǠǳ ƔơȂȇȍơ ȁƗ ƤȇǁƾƬǴǳ ǺǯƢǷƗ Śƥƾƫ ȁƗ ǾƟƽƢƦŭ ƲȇȁǂƬǳơȁ ƧȂǟƾǳơ ȁƗ ǾƬƸǴǐŭ
ȃǂƻƗ ƧƾǟƢǈǷ ƨǴȈǇȁ ƨȇƗ ŉƾǬƫ ȁƗ ƧǁȁǄŭơ ƩơƾǼƬǈŭơ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǺǷ ǝơȂǻƗ ƨȇƘƥ ǶǿƾȇȁǄƫ
."Ǯǳǀƥ ǶǴǠǳơ ǞǷ ǲȇȂǸƬǳơȁ Ƕǟƾǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ ǺǷ
ƨǳȂǬǼŭơ Śǣȁ ƨǳȂǬǼŭơ ƨȇƽƢŭơ Śǣȁ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǺǷ ǝȂǻ ȅƗ" ƢĔƘƥ "ǱơȂǷȋơ" ǥǂď Ǡƫ ƢǸǯ
ȁƗ ƨȈǻȁǂƬǰǳȍơ ǶǜǼǳơ ǲǰǋ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ƢȀǴǰǋ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ƩơƾǼƬǈŭơȁ ǭȂǰǐǳơȁ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơȁ
ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǩơǁȁȋơȁ ǶȀǇȋơȁ ƩȏơȂūơȁ ƩƢǰȈǌǳơ ǝơȂǻƗ ǞȈŦȁ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƩƢǻƢǸƬƟȏơȁ ƨȈǸǫǂǳơ
."ƽƢǸƬǟȏơ ƩƢƥƢǘƻȁ ƩȏƢȈƦǸǰǳơȁ ƩơƾǼǈǳơȁ
ƾȀǠƫ ȄǴǟ ǎǼȇȁ" řǷȋơ ǲǷƢǰƬǳơȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ňƢưǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ ǱȁƢǼƬȇȁ
ƨǘǌǻƗ ȅƗ ǑƢȀƳƛȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǗƢƼŭơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ŀ ƢȀǼȈƥ ƢǸȈǧ ƢƆȈǼǷƗ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ
ȁƗ ǖȈǘƼƬǳ ƢƆƷǂǈǷ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ƿƢţơ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ǲǴǈƫ ǞǼǷȁ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ
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‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ǲƟƢǇȁ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƪǐǻȁ .ƢȀȈǧ ǝȁǂǌǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȁƗ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ȁƗ ǶȈǜǼƫ
.ňȂǻƢǬǳơȁ řǷȋơ ȆǟȂǳơ ǪȈǸǠƫ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ ǞǷ ǾƫȏƢůȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ơǀǿ ǪȈǬŢ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ Ƕǟƽ ǞǼǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ǍƢŬơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ ǱȁƢǼƬȇȁ
ƢȀȈǳƛ ȁƗ ƢȀǼǷ ǱơȂǷƗ ǲȇȂŤ ȁƗ ǲǬǻ ȁƗ ǱȂƻƽ ǞǼŭ ƨǼǰǸŭơ ƽȂȀŪơ ǲǯ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǀƼƬƫ ƮȈŞ
ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ȁƗ ƽơǂǧȋơ ǕǁȂƫ ǞǼǷȁ ǾǸǟƽȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨǘǌǻƗ Ŀ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌȇ
ǱƽƢƦƬǳơ" ȄǴǟ ǎĈ Ǽȇȁ .(ÎÒ ƧƽƢŭơ) "ƨǘǌǻȋơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ȄǴǟ ƨǼƟƢǰǳơ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƨȈǸƬǼŭơ ƨǏƢŬơȁ
ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ƨǠǫȂŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƨǳȁƽ ǲǯ ǀƼƬƫ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟȁ ƩơŐŬơȁ "ƩƢǻƢȈƦǳơȁ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǸǴǳ ȅǁȂǨǳơ
ǑơǂǣƗ ǺǷ ǑǂǤǳ ƨǐǐű ȁƗ ƨǷƾƼƬǈǷ ǱơȂǷƗ ȅƗ ǄƴƷ ȁƗ ƾȈǸš ȁƗ Ǧǌǯ ȁƗ ƾȇƾƸƬǳ ƨƦǇƢǼŭơ
.(ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ÎÕ ńƛ ÎÓ ƽơȂŭơ) "ƢēơƾƟƢǟȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ Ƕǟƽ ƨǘǌǻƗ
Ǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ƢǸȈǧ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢȈǳƕ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Ǟƥơǂǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ ǱȁƢǼƬȇȁ
ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢƥƢǻȍơȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơȁ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƢȀǼǷȁ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ
Ƣđ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǧ ƨǴǸǠƬǈŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ǺǷ ƨȈƫƘƬŭơ ƩơƾƟƢǠǳơȁ ƔƢȈǋȋơ ǖƦǓȁ
ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ȄǴǟ ǞǬƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ȅƗ Ǻǟ ƨšƢǼǳơ ǁƢƯȉơȁ ƨǳƽȋơ ǎƸǧȁ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ƢȀǸȈǴǈƫȁ
.ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢȀŪơ śƥ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ ƩƢȈǳƕ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǍȂǐǻ ƶǓȂƫȁ .ƧƾǫƢǠƬǷ ƨǳȁƽ ȅƗ ƾǓ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ǻǟ ƨƠǋƢǼǳơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳơ śƥ ǪȈǧȂƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ
ȄǴǟ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǺǷ ÑÑ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ȃǂƻȋơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ǻǟ ƨƠǋƢǼǳơ ǮǴƫȁ
ȅƗ Ƣđ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƧƽƾǠƬŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ȁƗ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏƢƥ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ǲţ ȏ" ǾǻƗ
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ Ǿƥ ȆǔǬƫ ƢǷ ǑǁƢǠƬǳơ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ȅǂǈȇȁ "ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ
ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴĐ ǵƢǠǳơ śǷȋơ ƨȈǘǠǳơ ƾŧ Ǻƥ Ǻŧǂǳơ ƾƦǟ ƾȈǈǳơ ƶǓȁƗ ƾǫȁ
ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ò Ŀ ǑƢȇǂǳơ Ŀ ƽȂǬǠŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ ǵƢǷƗ ǾƬǸǴǯ Ŀ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
:ŅƢƬǳƢǯ Ȇǿ ǆǇƗ Ƨƾǟ ȄǴǟ ǵȂǬƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ǆǴĐơ Ǳȁƽ ƽȂȀƳ ǹƗ ÏÍÍÒ
ƔƢǼƥ ƨȈŷƗ ȄǴǟ ƩƾǯƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǛ ƔơȂƬƷȏ ƪǳǀƥ Ŗǳơ ƨǬƥƢǈǳơ ƣǁƢƴƬǳơȁ ƽȂȀŪơ ǹƗ Î
śƥ ƨǳƽƢƦƬǷȁ ƨǯǂƬǌǷ ƨȈǳȁƚǈŭƢǧ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƧǄȀƳȋơȁ ǺǗơȂŭơ śƥ ƨȈǫơƾǐŭơȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơȁ ƨǬưǳơ
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƽȂȀŪ œǠǌǳơ ƾȈȇƘƬǳơ Ƥǈǰǳ ǁơȂūơ ǩƢǘǻ ǞȈǇȂƫ śǠƬȇ Ľ ǺǷȁ .ƨǳȁƾǳơȁ ǺǗơȂŭơ
ƢƆǻȂǏȁ ƢēƢȇȂǳȁȋ ƢƆǠƦƫ ȆǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǂȇȂǘƬǴǳ ƨȇǃơȂǷ ƽȂȀƳ ƢȀƦǯơȂƫ Ŗǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
.ǵƾǬƬǳơȁ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƩƢȇǂūơ ȄǴǟ ƶƬǨǼǷ ŃƢǠƥ ǩƢƸǴǳơȁ ŁƢǐŭơȁ ƽȂȀƴǴǳ
ƨƦǯơȂŭ ƢȀưȇƾŢȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǠƬǳơ ƲǿƢǼŭơ ǂȇȂǘƫȁ ƨȇȂƥǂƬǳơ ƤȈǳƢǇȋơ ƶȈƸǐƫ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ Ï
ǞǈƬȇ ǹƗ" Ȃǿ ƨȈƥǂƬǳơ ǥƾǿ ǹƜǧ "ǲǬǠǳơ ƶƬǧ" Ȃǿ ǶȈǴǠƬǳơ ǥƾǿ ǹƢǯ ơƿƜǧ ǂǐǠǳơ
ǭơǁƽȍơ ǪȈǸǠƫȁ ǂǰǨǳơ ƨȇƽƾǠƬƥ ǹƢŻȍơȁ ǂƻȉơ ǵơǂƬƷơȁ ƶǷƢǈƬǳơ ƨǧƢǬƯ ǂǌǼǳ ǁƾǐǳơ
."ǭǂƬǌŭơ ȅǁƢǔūơ ƭǁȍơȁ ňƢǈǻȍơ ƭơǂƬǳơ ǶȈǬƥ
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ǞȈƴǌƫ Ŀ ǁơǂǸƬǇȏơȁ řȇƾǳơ ȂǴǤǳơȁ ǥǂǘƬǳơ ǞƥƢǼǷ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǬǴǳ ƽȂȀŪơ ƨǴǏơȂǷ ƨȈŷƗ Ð
ǺȇƾǴǳ ȅǂȇȂǼƬǳơȁ ȅǁƢǔūơ ǞƥƢǘǳơ ƾȈǈƴƬǳ řȇƾǳơ ƣƢǘŬơ ǹȂǸǔǷ ƮȇƾŢ ƽȂȀƳ
ǵȐǇȍơ ƨƷƢǸǈƥ ƨȈǟȂƬǳơȁ ǞǸƬĐơ ƢȇƢǔǫ Ŀ ƢȀȈǟơǂǐǷ ȄǴǟ ƽƢȀƬƳȏơ ƣơȂƥƗ ƶƬǧȁ
.ƨǧǂƸǼŭơ ǁƢǰǧȋơȁ ȂǴǤǳơȁ ǥǂǘƬǳơ Ǻǟ ǽƾǠĄƥȁ ǾƬȈǘǇȁȁ
ȅƘǼǳơȁ ƨǓȂǧǂǷ ƨȈŭƢǟ ƨǧƕ ǽǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǟƢǸŪơ ǲǸǠǳơ ȄǴǟ ǄȈǯǂƬǳơ Ñ
ȅƗ ƢēƢƦǈƬǰǷ ǹȂǏȁ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ƨǷȐǇȁ ƢŮȐǬƬǇơ Ǻǟ ƢǟƢǧƽ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ŀ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪŞ
ƢƆǬǧȁ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƨǷȁƢǬǷ Ŀ ƣȂǠǌǴǳ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Ǫūơ śƥȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ śƥ ǪȇǂǨƬǳơ ǺǷ ƾƥ ȏ
ƾǠȇ ȏƐ Ɨ" ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǧ ǎǼƫ ơǀǳȁ .ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳ
ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǦǴƬƼŠ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƩȏƢƷ ƨŻǂƳ
ȏȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫȁ ǂȇǂƸƬǳơ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ
." ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȅȋ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƧƾƷȂǳƢƥ ǆŻ ǲǸǟ ǲǯ ƩȏƢūơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ŐƬǠȇ
Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ (Ʊ)

ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƢȀǼȈƥ ǺǷ ƨǳȁƽ ÒÔ ƢȀƬȇȂǔǟ Ŀ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ Ƕǔƫ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƧǁȂǘƻ ńƛ ƧǂǰƦǷ ƨǴƷǂǷ Ŀ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ƪȀƦǼƫ ƾǫȁ .ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ
ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƧȁƾǼǳơ" ºƥ ƪǧǂǟ ÎÖÕÔ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ǦȈǼƳ Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƽ Ƨȁƾǻ ƾǬǟ ńƛ ƩǁƽƢƥȁ Ņȁƾǳơ
ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǁơǂǬƬǇȏơȁ ȅƽǂǨǳơ ǺǷȋơ ȄǴǟ ƢǿǁƢƯƕȁ ǂǏƢǠŭơ ŃƢǠǳơ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǛ ǹƘǌƥ
ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ǭȂǴǇ ƨǻȁƾǷ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ƩǁƾǏƗ ÎÖÖÑ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ Ŀȁ ."Ņȁƾǳơ ǶǴǈǳơȁ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ƽƢǸƬǟơ Ļ ǹƗ ńƛ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ƣđ ǵǄƬǴƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ
.ÏÍÍÏ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǄȈƷ ƪǴƻƽ ÎÖÖÖ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ
Ŀ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ƩƾǬǟ ÏÍÍÒ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ǂȀǋ ǺǷ ǺǷƢưǳơȁ ǞƥƢǈǳơ ȆǷȂȇ Ŀȁ
ǾƫƾǷ ǲǸǟ ƲǷƢǻǂƥ ǾǳȐƻ ƩƾǸƬǟơ ȆƟƢǼưƬǇơ ƨǸǫ ǂŤƚǷ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭƢƥ ƨǰǷ ƨǼȇƾǷ
ǲǷƢǠƬǳơ ƣȂǴǇȋ Ņȁƽ ǥǂǋ ǩƢưȈǷ ƽƢŸƛ ńƛ Ƣǟƽȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ǾȈǧ ǹơƽƗ ƩơȂǼǇ ǂǌǟ
ƢŠ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ śǻơȂǫ Ŀ ƨǴǷƢǋ ƨȈǟȂǻ ƩơŚȈǤƫ ǱƢƻƽƛ ǞǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ
Ɣơǁǃȁ ǽƾǬǟ ȅǀǳơ ǍƢŬơ ǝƢǸƬƳȏơ ƩƢȈǏȂƫ ƨǸǬǳơ ƩƾǸƬǟơȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ŉǂš ƶȈƬȇ
ǂȀǋ Ŀ ƢȇǄȈǳƢǷ Ŀ ǁȂƦŭȏơȂǯ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƘǌƥ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƨȈƳǁƢƻ
ƨǇƢƟǂƥ ơƆȂǔǟ ÎÐ ǺǷ ƨȇǁơǃȁ ƨǼŪ ǲȈǰǌƫ ƪǼǸǔƫ ƾǫȁ .ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǟ ǺǷ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǶǜǼƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǍȂǐǻ ǪȈƦǘƫ ƨǠƥƢƬŠ ƨǨǴǰǷ ƢȇǄȈǳƢǷ
ƪƥơȂƯ ȄǴǟ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ƨƳƢƦȇƽ ƾǯƚƫȁ
ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƢǼƬǠȇǂǋ ǶȈǳƢǠƬƥ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǵơǄƬǳơ ȄǴǟ ƾǯƚƬǧ .ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ
ǥǂǘƬǳơ ȄǴǟ ƢƆǸƟƢǫ ǾǼǷ ǹƢǯ ƢǷ ƨǏƢƻ ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǰǋƗ ǲǯ ǀƦǼƫ Ŗǳơ ƔƢƸǸǈǳơ
Ʃơƿ ƢȀǼǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦŠ ƢȀǷơǄƬǳơȁ
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‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ǪȈƯơȂŭơȁ ƽȂȀǠǳơ ǞȈŦ Ǯǳǀǯȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ǱȂƷ ƨǴǐǳơ
ƨǴŦ Ŀ Ȃǟƾƫ Ŗǳơȁ ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ńƛ ƨǸǔǼŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǰƫ Ŗǳơ ȃǂƻȋơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
ǱȁƾǴǳ řǷȋơȁ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǱȐǬƬǇȏơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƨǷȐǈǳơȁ ǁơǂǬƬǇȏơȁ ƧƽƢȈǈǳơ ǵơǂƬƷơ ńƛ ǁȂǷƗ
ƾǓ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ŀ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪƷ ƨȈǟǂǋ "ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ǞǷ" ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƢĔȁƚǋ Ŀ ǲƻƾƬǳơ ǵƾǟȁ
ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǦǴƬƼŠ ƨȇǂǐǼǠǳơȁ ƨȇǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơ ǶǜǼǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ
ƝƽƢƦŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƢŮȐǬƬǇơȁ ƢǿŚǐǷ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƢȀǬƷ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơȁ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ǂȇǂŢ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ
." ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
Ľ ǺǷȁ ǱơȂƷȋơ ǺǷ ǱƢŞ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǂȇŐƫ ǺǰŻ ȏ" ǾǻƘƥ ƢȀǼȈǬȇ Ǻǟ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƪƥǂǟƗ ƾǫȁ
ǺǷ ǾǬƦǘȇȁ ƨǧƢǯ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǺǷ Ǿƥ ǵȂǬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ǆƦǳ ǹȁƽ ǽǂǿƢǜǷȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ƨǧƢǰƥ ǾƬǻơƽƛ ȆǤƦǼȇ
Ǳȁƾǳơ Ǿƥ ǵȂǬƫ ƢǷ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǾǓơǂǣƗȁ ǾƥƢƦǇƗȁ ǾƠǌǼǷ Ǻǟ ǂǜǼǳơ ǒǤƥ ƩƢǇǁƢŲȁ ǲƟƢǇȁ
."ǂǋƢƦǷ Śǣ ȁƗ ǂǋƢƦǷ ǲǰǌƥ
ǆǴů ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ŀ ǽŚǜǼǳ ƢƆǬƥƢǘǷ ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ƢƆǨȇǂǠƫ Î ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ï ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǺǸǔƬƫȁ
ƨǷȐǈǳơ ȁƗ ǁơǂǬƬǇȏơ ƾȇƾē ȁƗ" ǱȂǬƫ ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǂƻƕ Ŀ ƧǁƢƦǟ ƨǧƢǓƛ ǞǷ ȆƴȈǴŬơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
." ƨǴǬƬǈŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƧƽƢȈǇ ȁƗ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ƧƾƷȂǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ
ǭơǂƬǋơ ȁƗ ǝȁǂǋ ȁƗ ƨŻǂƳ ȅƗ" ƢĔƘƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂŪơ Î ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ð ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǥǂǠƫȁ
ȁƗ ƢēƢǰǴƬŲ ȁƗ ƢǿƢȇƢǟǁ ƾǓ ȁƗ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȅƗ Ŀ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢȀȈǧ
ƢĔȂǻƢǫ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠȇ ƢŲ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ȄǴǟ ǺȇƾƳơȂƬŭơ ƤǻƢƳȋơ ƢȇƢǟǂǳơȁ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ȁƗ ƢȀūƢǐǷ
."ȆǴƻơƾǳơ
Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƾǠƫ Î ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ñ ƧǂǬǨǴǳ ƢǬǧȁȁ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ŀ Ʃǂǯƌƿ Ŗǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǆǨǻ Ȇǿȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ
.ǂǯǀǳơ ƨǨǳƢǈǳơ ȆƴȈǴŬơ
ƢŠ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ƵƢǨǯ ƩȏƢƷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ƾǠƫ ȏ" ǾǻƗ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ƾǯƚƫȁ
ǺǷ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƧǂǘȈǈǳơȁ ǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơȁ śȈƦǼƳȋơ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƢȀȈǧ
."Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ȁƗ ǁǂƸƬǳơ ǲƳƗ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǾƬǠƦƫơ ȅǀǳơ ƲȀǼǳơ ǆǨǻ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ŘƦƬƫȁ
Ȃǳȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǩƢǘǻ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ƽƢǠƦƬǇơ ǺǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
.ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳƔƢǈŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿȂƦǰƫǂǷ ƪǴǨȇ ȏ ŕƷ ȆǇƢȈǇ Ǟǧơƾƥ ƪǻƢǯ
Ȃǳȁ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ʊ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ƣēƽƾǟ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǺǷ ơƆƽƾǟ ǩƢȈǈǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǵǂš Ȇǿȁ
:ļȉƢǯ Ȇǿȁ ƨǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǩƢǘǻ ǺǷ ƢǿƾǠƦƬǈƫȁ ȆǇƢȈǇ Ǟǧơƾƥ ƪƦǰƫǁơ
.ǶȀǟȁǂǧ ȁƗ ǶŮȂǏƗ ȁƗ ǶēƢƳȁǃ ȁƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƔƢǇƙǁȁ ǭȂǴǷ ȄǴǟ ȅƾǠƬǳơ Î
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ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ȁƗ ƩƢǷȂǰūơ ƔƢǇƙǁ ȁƗ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƔƢǇƙǁ ƣơȂǻ ȁƗ ƾȀǠǳơ ƔƢȈǳȁƗ ȄǴǟ ȅƾǠƬǳơ Ï
.ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȅƗ Ŀ
Ŀ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơȁ ƔơǂǨǈǳơ ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ȄǴǟ ȅƾǠƬǳơ Ð
.ƢȀȇƾǳ ǺȇƾǸƬǠŭơ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ
ǲǬǼǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ ȁƗ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ȁƗ ƽơǂǧȋơ ƾǓ ǽơǂǯƜƥ ƨƥȂƸǐŭơ ƨǫǂǈǳơ ȁƗ ƾǸǠǳơ ǲƬǬǳơ Ð
.ƩȐǏơȂŭơȁ
ƪǻƢǯ Ȃǳȁ ŕƷ ƨǷƢǟ ƨǷƾŬ ƨǐǐƼŭơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǰǴƬǸǸǴǳ ǥȐƫȍơȁ ƤȇǂƼƬǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ Ñ
.ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǳȁƾǳ ƨǯȂǴŲ
ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣ ȁƗ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ȁƗ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ƧǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ Ƥȇǂē ȁƗ ǞȈǼǐƫ ǶƟơǂƳ Ò
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǶƟơǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁȏ ƾǠƫ Ŗǳơ ƽơȂŭơ
ƾǼƦǳơ Ŀ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (ƣ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ƨǬƷȐŠ ǵơǄƬǳȐǳ ơƆƾȈǯƘƫȁ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ œǰƫǂǷ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǳƢƥ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƾȀǠƫ "ȄǴǟ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǺǷ Ǳȁȋơ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȁƗ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǽǀǿ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǶȀǸȈǴǈƫ ȁƗ řǗȂǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǶȀƬǸǯƢŰȁ
."ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơȁ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ śƬǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ
ǁơǂǣ ȄǴǟ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢȈǳƕ ǺǷ ƨǷȂǜǼǷ ȄǴǟ ǎǼǳơ ǵƾǬƫ ƢǷ ńƛ ǥƢǔȇ
.ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů ƨȈǫƢǨƫơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǾƬǼǸǔƫ ƢǷ
ƨǷǂǰŭơ ƨǰǷ ǹƢȈƥ

Ŗǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ƨȈȀǬǨǳơ ƩơŚǈǨƬǳơ ƤǯơȂƫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǹƗ ńƛ ƧǁƢǋȍơ ǁƾš
ƾǬǠǼŭơ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ŃƢǠǳơ ƨǘƥơǂƥ ȆȀǬǨǳơ ǞǸĐơ ǆǴů Ǻǟ ǁƽƢǐǳơ" ƨǷǂǰŭơ ƨǰǷ ǹƢȈƥ" Ŀ Ʃƽǁȁ
:ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ŅƢƬǳơ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ ǺǸǔƫ ȅǀǳơȁ ºǿÎÑÏÏ/ÎÍ/ÏÓ ńƛ ÏÎ ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ ǱȐƻ
Ŀ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ȄǴǟ ƢȈǤƥ Ǳȁƽ ȁƗ ƩƢǟƢŦ ȁƗ ƽơǂǧƗ ǾǇǁƢŻ ȅǀǳơ ǹơȁƾǠǳơ Ȃǿ ƣƢǿǁȍơ"
ƾȇƾȀƬǳơȁ ȃƿȋơȁ ǦȇȂƼƬǳơ ǥȂǼǏ ǲǸǌȇȁ ǾǓǂǟȁ ǾǳƢǷȁ ǾǴǬǟȁ ǾǷƽȁ ǾǼȇƽ
ǲǠǧ ǲǯȁ Ǫȇǂǘǳơ Ǟǘǫȁ ǲȈƦǈǳơ ƨǧƢƻƛȁ ƨƥơǂūơ ǁȂǐƥ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷȁ ǪƷ ŚǤƥ ǲƬǬǳơȁ
ǥƾȀȇȁ ȆǟƢŦ ȁƗ ȅƽǂǧ ȆǷơǂƳƛ ǝȁǂǌŭ ơǀȈǨǼƫ ǞǬȇ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ȁƗ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǠǧƗ ǺǷ
ȁƗ ǶȀƬȇǂƷ ȁƗ ǶēƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǶȀƟơǀȇƜƥ ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫ ȁƗ ǅƢǼǳơ śƥ Ƥǟǂǳơ ƔƢǬǳƛ ńƛ
ǭȐǷȋơȁ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ƾƷƘƥ ȁƗ ƨƠȈƦǳƢƥ ǁǂǔǳơ ǩƢūƛ ǾǧȂǼǏ ǺǷȁ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǶŮơȂƷƗ ȁƗ ǶȀǼǷƗ
ǺǷ ơǀǿ ǲǰǧ ǂǘƼǴǳ ƨȈǠȈƦǘǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƽǁơȂŭơ ƾƷƗ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ƨǏƢŬơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ
."Ǒǁȋơ Ŀ ƽƢǈǨǳơ ǁȂǏ
22
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ƢȀƬǟƢǌƥ Ŀ ǵȐǇȍơ Ŀ ǱƽƢǠƫ ǪƷ ŚǤƥ ƧƾƷơȂǳơ ǆǨǼǳơ ǲƬǫ ƨŻǂƳ ǹƗ" ǹƢȈƦǳơ ƾǯƗȁ
."ǪƷ ŚǤƥ ǽŚǤǳ ȁƗ ǶǴǈǸǴǳ ǲƬǬǳơ ǹƢǯ ƔơȂǇ ǅƢǼǳơ ǞȈŦ ǲƬǫ
ƢƆǠǧƽȁ ǪƸǴǳ Ƨǂǐǻ ǝďǂǋĄ ǵȐǇȍơ Ŀ ƽƢȀŪơ" ǹƛ ȐƟƢǫ ƽƢȀƴǴǳ ƢƷǂǋ ǹƢȈƦǳơ ƽǁȁƗȁ
ǱȐƬƷơ ƾǓ ǺǗȂǳơ Ǻǟ ǝƢǧƾǴǳȁ ƨŧǂǴǳ ƢƆǼȈǰŤȁ ǺǷȋơȁ ǵȐǈǳơȁ ǱƾǠǴǳ ơƆǁơǂǫƛȁ ǶǴǜǴǳ
ƾǓȁ ǶǿǁƢȇƽ ǺǷ ǅƢǼǳơ Ʊǂź ȅǀǳơ ňƢǘȈƬǇȏơ ǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơ ƾǓȁ Ʃơȁǂưǳơ ƤĔȁ Ǒǁȋơ
."ǶǿƽȂȀǟ ǹȂǔǬǼȇ Ǻȇǀǳơ ƾǓȁ ǁƢȇƾǳơ ǺǷ Ʊơǂƻȍơ ȄǴǟ ǹȁƾǟƢǈȇȁ ǹȁǂǿƢǜȇ Ǻȇǀǳơ
ǵĈǂŢ ǝȁǂǌŭơ ƽƢȀŪơ Ŀ ƨƸǓơȁ ƢƆǷƢǰƷƗȁ ƢƆƥơƽƕ ǵȐǇȎǳ ǹƛȁ" ƶǓȂȈǧ ǹƢȈƦǳơ ȄǔŻȁ
ǺȇǁƢǨǳơ ǞƦƬƫ ǵǂŢȁ ǱƢǨǗȋơȁ ƔƢǈǼǳơȁ ƹȂȈǌǳơ ǺǷ ƔƢȇǂƥȋơ ǲƬǫ ǵĈǂŢ ƢǸǯ śǴƫƢǬŭơ Śǣ ǲƬǫ
ǞǫơȂŭơȁ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ŚǷƾƫ ȁƗ ȄǴƬǬǳơ Ʈưŝ ǲȈưǸƬǳơ ȁƗ ȃǂǇȋơ Ɣơǀȇƛ ȁƗ śǸǴǈƬǈŭơ ǲƬǫ ȁƗ
."ǱƢƬǬǳƢƥ ƢŮ ƨǫȐǟ ȏ Ŗǳơ ňƢƦŭơȁ
Ŀ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ ƔơǁǃȂǳ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚǸǴǳ ƨƟǁƢǘǳơ Ƨǁȁƾǳơ Ǻǟ ǁƾǏ Ǿƫơƿ ǩƢȈǈǳơ Ŀȁ
ǹƘǌƥ ǁȂƦŭȏơȂǯ ǹȐǟƛ" ÏÍÍÏ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ Ð ńƛ Î ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ Ŀ ƧƾǬǠǼŭơ ƢȇǄȈǳƢǷ ǁȂƦŭȏơȂǯ
ǵǂŢ Ŗǳơ Ǫūơ ǵȐǇȍơ ǶȈǳƢǠƫȁ ƝƽƢƦŠ ǵơǄƬǳȏơ" Ǟƥơǂǳơ ǽƾǼƥ Ŀ ƾǯƗ ȅǀǳơ" Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǦȈǔȇȁ "ƔƢȇǂƥȋơ ƵơȁǁƗ ǩƢǿǃƛ Ǻǟ ȄȀǼƫȁ ǵơǂƬƷȏơȁ ƶǷƢǈƬǳơȁ ǵȐǈǳơ ȄǴǟ ǒŢȁ ǹơȁƾǠǳơ
ǩƢưȈǷ ƝƽƢƦǷȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ ńƛ ƾǼƬǈŭơ ȆƟƾƦŭơ ǦǫȂŭơ" ȄǴǟ ơƆƽƾů ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ǺǷƢưǳơ ƾǼƦǳơ
ƪŢ Ƶǃǂƫ Ŗǳơ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ƵƢǨǯȁ ȆƳǁƢŬơ ǹơȁƾǠǳơ ƨǷȁƢǬǷ ƨȈǟȁǂǌǷ ǹƘǌƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ
."Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫȁ řǗȂǳơ ǁǂƸƬǳơ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ȁƗ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ ȁƗ ƨȇǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơ ƧǂǘȈǈǳơ
ǲǨǰƫ Ŗǳơ ňƢǈǻȍơ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ ǵơǂƬƷơ ƣȂƳȁ" ȄǴǟ ǹȐǟȍơ ǺǷ ǞǇƢƬǳơ ƾǼƦǳơ ƾǯƚȇȁ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪƢƥ ǵơǄƬǳȏơ" Ǻǟ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƪƥǂǟƗȁ ."śȈǻƾŭơ ǹƢǰǈǴǳ ƨȇƢǸūơ
ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ŀ ǲƻƾƬǳơ ǵƾǟ ƝƽƢƦǷ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ ƝƽƢƦǷ Ǫǧȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǵƢǰƷƗȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǬƥ ǵơǄƬǳȏơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƢȀƬǷȐǇȁ ƢēƽƢȈǇ ǵơǂƬƷơȁ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ
.(ÎÑ ƾǼƦǳơ) " ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơȁ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
ǂƟƢǇ ǞǷ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǴǏơȂŠ" ƾȀǠƬǳơ ƨƟǁƢǘǳơ Ƨǁȁƾǳơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ ƪǼǸǔƫȁ
ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȇƢǟǁ ƪŢ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǞǸƬĐơ ƽȂȀŪ ƢƆǸǟƽ ǹơƾǴƦǳơ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ ƝƽƢƦǷ ǞǷ ƢƆȈǌŤȁ ƽƢȈūơȁ ƨȈǧƢǨǌǳƢƥ ǶǈƬȇ ȂŴ ȄǴǟ
ǆǴů Ʃơǁơǂǫ ǀȈǨǼƫ ơǀǿ ǲǸǌȇȁ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơȁ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗȁ Ņȁƾǳơ
ǵƢǸǔǻȏƢƥ ǲȈƴǠƬǳơ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓƛ ÎÐÔÐ ǽǁơǂǫ ƨǏƢşȁ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ǞƥƢƬǳơ ǺǷȋơ
.(Ô ƾǼƦǳơ) "ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ ȁƗ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩȏȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ńƛ
Ņȁƾǳơ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǾǬǨǳơ ǞǸů ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ

ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ Ǻǟ ǪưƦǼŭơ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǾǬǨǳơ ǞǸů ǆǴů ǁƾǏƗ ƢǸǯ
Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơ ÏÍÍÐ ǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÓ ńƛ ÎÎ ǺǷ (ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ) ƨƷȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƾǬǠǻơ ȅǀǳơȁ
23
ǂǌǼǳ ƽƢȀǌƬǇȏơȁ ƽƢȀŪơ ǹƗ " ǾȈǧ ƾǯƗ Ņȁƾǳơ ǦǼǠǳơȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǹƘǌƥ (ÎÑ/Ï)ÎÏÕ
ǩȂǬƷ Ǻǟ ǝƢǧƽ Ȃǿ ƢŶƛȁ ƆƢƥƢǿǁƛ ǆȈǳ ǹƢǗȁȋơ ƨǷǂƷ Ǻǟȁ ƢȀǼǟ ǝƢǧƾǳơȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƧƾȈǬǠǳơ
ȄǠǈƫ ǹƗ ǱȐƬƷȐǳ ƨǠǓƢŬơȁ ƢǿǂǷƗ ȄǴǟ ƨƥȂǴǤŭơ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪƷ ǺǷ ǹƢǯ Ǯǳǀǳȁ ƨȈǇƢǇƗ
".ƢŮ ƵƢƬƫ Ŗǳơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǲǰƥ ƢȀƬȇǂƷ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐƸǴǳ
ǪƷȁ ƽƢȀƳ ǪƷ Ȇǿ ƮȈƷ ǺǷ ƨȇƽƢȀǌƬǇȏơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ" ǹƗ ǞǸĐơ ƾǯƚȇ ƢǸǯ
ȁƗ ǽƽǁ ȁƗ ȁƾǠǳơ ǦǫȂǳ ƨǴȈǇȁ ƪǼȈǠƫ ơƿƛ Ƥš Ȅǿȁ ơǁƢƸƬǻơ ȁƗ ƢƆƥƢǿǁƛ ƪǈȈǳ Ȅǿȁ ǝȁǂǌǷ
."Ǿƥ ƨȇƢǰǼǳơ
ƢƆȇƽƢǷ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ȁƗ ǦȇȂƼƬǳơ ȁƗ ǹơȁƾǠǳơ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ȃǂƳ ǲƥƢǬŭơ Ŀȁ
ǾǓǂǟ ȁƗ ǾǈǨǻ ȁƗ ǾǼȇƽ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ȄǴǟ ƽơǂǧȋơ ȁƗ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ȁƗ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƆƢȇȂǼǠǷ ȁƗ
."Ǒǁȋơ Ŀ ƽƢǈǧȍơ ǁȂǏȁ ǾǧȂǼǏ ŕǌƥ ǪƷ ŚǤƥ ǾǳƢǷ ȁƗ ǾǴǬǟ ȁƗ
ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ǁơǂǫ ǹƗ ńƛ ĺǂǠǳơ Ņȁƾǳơ ǾǬǨǳơ ǺǷ ƤǻƢƳ Śǌȇ ƨȇƙǂǳơ ǽǀŮ ơƆƾȈȇƘƫȁ
ȄǔǬȇ ǚǨŢ ȄǴǟ ƨǠƥƢǈǳơ ǾƫƽƢǷ Ŀ ȃȂǘǻơ ǹơȁƾǠǳơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ƢƆǼǸǔƬǷ ÎÖÔÑ ǵƢǟ ǁƾǏ ȅǀǳơ
ǒǠƦǳ ƨǴưǷƗ ƪǼǸǔƫ Ŗǳơ ƨưǳƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ǎƻȋơ ȄǴǟȁ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǆȈǳ ǾǻƘƥ
ƨȇǂǐǼǠǳơ ȁƗ ƨȇǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơ Ƕǰūơ ǶǜǼǳ Ǟǔţ Ŗǳơ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪŞ ǦƸŸ ƢǷ ǹơȁƾǠǳơ ƩȏƢƷ
ƨȇǂūơȁ Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ŀ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƧǂǘȈǈǳơ ǺǷ ȃǂƻƗ ǱƢǰǋƗ ȅƗ ȁƗ
.ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ ƢǿǂǫƗ ƢǸǯ ǱȐǬƬǇȏơȁ
ǹƘǌƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ǁơǂǫ Ŀ ƧǂǜǼǳơ ǽǀǿ ƩƾǯƘƫ Ǯǳƿ ȄǴǟ ƧȁȐǟȁ
ƨȇǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơ ƧǂǘȈǈǳơ ƾǓ ǹȂǴǓƢǼȇ Ǻȇǀǳơ śƥǁƢƸǸǴǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǞǓȂǴǳ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƝƽƢƦŭơ"
ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÏ Ŀ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ÏÕ/ÐÎÍÐ Ƕǫǁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ǁơǂǫ) "ƨȇǂǐǼǠǳơ ƨǸǜǻȋơȁ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơȁ
.(ÎÖÔÐ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ
Ŀ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌƥ ǁơǂǫȍơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ǱȂƷ ǥȐŬơ ơǀǿ ȃƾǏ ǆǸǴǻȁ
śǠƥǁȋơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ Ƨǁȁƽ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǱȁƾƳ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƱǁƽƗ śƸǧ .ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ǱƢǸǟƗ
ƢƆƷơȁǁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǑǂǠȇ ȅǀǳơ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ" ƾǼƦǳơ ơǀǿ ǹơȂǼǟ ǹƢǯ
ńƛ ƨǳƘǈŭơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƪǳƢƷƗȁ ."ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƩƢȇǂūơ ƽƾȀȇ ȁƗ Ƣđ ȅƽȂȇ ȁƗ ƨƠȇǂƥ ƨȇǂǌƥ
ǱƢǸǟƗȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǰǋƗ Ɣơǁȁ ƨǼǷƢǰǳơ ƣƢƦǇȋơ ƨǇơǁƽȁ" ƧǁƢƦǟ ƪǧƢǓƗȁ ƨǇƽƢǈǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ
ȄǴǟ ǅƢǼǳơ ǒǠƥ ǲǸŢ Ŗǳơȁ ǅƘȈǳơȁ ǪȈǔǳƢƥ ǁȂǠǌǳơȁ ǲǷȋơ ƨƦȈƻȁ ǅƚƦǳơ Ǻǟ ƘǌǼƫ Ŗǳơ ǦǼǠǳơ
." ƨȇǁǀƳ ƩơŚȈǤƫ ƭơƾƷƛ Ǯǳǀƥ śǳȁƢŰ Ƕǿ ǶȀƷơȁǁƗ ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ ƨȇǂǌƥ ƵơȁǁƘƥ ƨȈƸǔƬǳơ
24
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ

ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ǞǷ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ǪǧơȂƫ ȃƾǷ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ƾȇƾŢ ƮȈƷ ǺǷ (Ɨ)
ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǍȂǐǻ ƨǠǳƢǘǷ ǺǷ ƽƢǨƬǈȇ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
ǞǷ ƢȀǼǷƢǔƫ ƾȈǯƘƫ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǍǂƷ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ńƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȄǴǟ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƮƷȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ
ƩƢǷơǄƬǳơ ǺǷ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǾǓǂǨƫ ƢŠ ƾȈǬƬǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ
.ǾƟƽƢƦǷȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ ƾǏƢǬǷȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǁƢǗƛ Ŀ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǫ
ǶǷȋơ ƨƠȈǿ ǩƢưȈŠ ǵơǄƬǳȏơ ȄǴǟ ƢȀƬƳƢƦȇƽ Ŀ ƾǯƚƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏƢǧ
ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ŀ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪƷ ǱƢǸǟƛ ȄǴǟ ƾǯƚƫ ƢǸǯ ƧƾƸƬŭơ
Ŀ ƢȀǬƷ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơȁ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ǂȇǂŢ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǦǴƬƼŠ
ơǀǿ ǁǂǰƫȁ ."ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ Ʃơǁơǂǫȁ ǩƢưȈǷ ƝƽƢƦǷȁ ƾǏƢǬŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ" ƢŮȐǬƬǇơȁ ƢǿŚǐǷ ǂȇǂǬƫ
ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƨȈǟǂǋ ȄǴǟ ǎǼǳơ ƔƢƳ ƮȈƷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ŘǠŭơ
Ŀ ƨǼȈƦŭơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ŉǂš ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƪǐǻ ƾǫȁ ."Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦǷ" ºƥ ơƆƾȈǬǷ œǼƳȋơ
ƢƆȈǳȁƽ ƢƆǟƢŦƛ ǆǰǠƫ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ Ȅǿȁ ńȁȋơ ƧƽƢŭơ Ƣēƽƾǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ǵơǄƬǳơ Ǯǳƿ ȄǴǟ ƤƫǂƬȇȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǷȐǇȁ ǺǷȋ ơƆƾȇƾē ǲǰǌƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨǘǌǻƗ ŉǂš ȄǴǟ
ơǀǿ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ Ǻǟ ǝƢǼƬǷȏơ ǵƾǟȁ ƢȀȈƦǰƫǂǷ ƨǬƷȐǷȁ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǽǀǿ ŉǂƴƬƥ ǥơǂǗȋơ
ǵƢǠǳơ śǷȋơ ȄǇȂǷ ȁǂǸǟ ƾȈǈǳơ ǂǯƿ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ĺǂǠǳơ ǦǫȂŭơ ǹƢȈƦƫ Ŀȁ .ǱƢĐơ
Ŀ ǑƢȇǂǳơ Ŀ ƾǬǟ ȅǀǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ ǵƢǷƗ ǾƥƢǘƻ Ŀ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠǷƢŪ
ǁȁǀƳ ƨŪƢǠŭ ƧȂǟƾǳơ ǹƗ Ƙǘƻ ǶȀǨȇ ȏƗ ƤŸ" ǾǻƗ ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ ńƛ Ò ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍƢǧ ĺƢǿǁȍơ ǭȂǴǈǴǳ ǂȇŐƫ ȄǴǟ ȅȂǘǼƫ ǽǂǰǧȁ ǾƬǧƢǬƯȁ ǾƥƢƦǇȋ ȅƾǐƬǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
Ǻǟ ǱƢǬȇ ƢǷ Ƕǣǁȁ ǾƫơǁŐǷȁ ǾƥƢƦǇƗ ƪǻƢǯ ƢǸȀǷ ǽǁȂǏȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ǞȈǸŝ ǹơƾǷȁ ǑȂǧǂǷ
ƾȇƾƸƬǳ ƨȈǇƢǇƗ ŚȇƢǠǷ ǱȂƷ ǥȐƬƻȏơ ǺǰŻ ȏ ǾǻƜǧ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǵȂȀǨǷ ǱȂƷ ȃƙǂǳơ ǥȐƬƻơ
ǶēƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫȁ ǅƢǼǳơ Ǟȇȁǂƫȁ ǶȀǈǼƳ ȁƗ ǶȀǼȇƽ ǹƢǯ ƢǸǨȈǯ ƔƢȇǂƥȋơ ǲƬǬǯ ĺƢǿǁȍơ ǲǸǠǳơ
." ƨǷƢǠǳơȁ ƨǏƢŬơ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭƢƥ ǁǂǔǳơ ǩƢūƛȁ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǶȀǼǷƗ ȁƗ ǶȀƬȇǂƷ ȁƗ
Ŀ ǵƾǬŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨǸǜǼŭ ǵƢǠǳơ śǷȋơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ǞǷ ƧǂǜǼǳơ ǽǀǿ ǪƥƢǘƬƫȁ
ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏ ƩƢȈǏȂƫ :ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ŀ ƽƢŢȏơ" ǹơȂǼǟ ƪŢ ÏÍÍÓ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÏÔ
ƔơƾƬǟȏơ ǁŐƫ ƨȇƢǣ ǭƢǼǿ ƪǈȈǳȁ" ƢȀȈǧ ƔƢƳ Ŗǳơ ÎÎÎ ƧǂǬǨǳơ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǟ
.(A/60/825 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) "śƥǁƢƄơ Śǣȁ śȈǻƾŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ȄǴǟ ƾǸǠƬŭơ
25
ǹƗ ńƛ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǾȈǧ ǁƢǋƗ ȅǀǳơ (ÏÍÍÓ) ÎÓÔÑ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǁƾǏ Ǿƫơƿ ǩƢȈǈǳơ Ŀȁ
ǝơǂǐǳơ ƩȏƢƷ Ŀ ƨȇƢǸūƢƥ śǳȂǸǌŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǺǷ ǶǿŚǣȁ śȈǻƾǸǴǳ ƾǸǠƬŭơ ǥơƾȀƬǇȏơ"
ȅȋ Ƨƾǋ ǲǰƥ ǾƬǻơƽƛ ƾȈǯƘƫ" ǁǂǯȁ "Ņȁƾǳơ ňƢǈǻȍơ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ơƆǂǧƢǇ ƢǯƢȀƬǻơ ǲưŻ ƶǴǈŭơ
." ơƆǁȂǧ ƩƢǇǁƢǸŭơ ǽǀŮ ƾƷ ǞǓȂƥ ǥơǂǗȋơ ǞȈŦ" ƤǳƢǗȁ "ǝȂǼǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ ƩƢǇǁƢŲ
śȈǻƾŭơ ǹƢǰǈǳơ ǥơƾȀƬǇơ ƾǸǠƫ ǹƗ" ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƾǯƚȇ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǺǷ ÏÓ ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀȁ
ƨǠǇơȁȁ ƧǂǧƢǇȁ ƨǸǜƬǼǷ ƩƢǯƢȀƬǻơ ƣƢǰƫǁơȁ ƨȇƢǸūƢƥ śǳȂǸǌŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǺǷ ǶǿŚǣȁ
ƾǫ ƶǴǈŭơ ǝơǂǐǳơ ƩȏƢƷ Ŀ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ňƢǈǻȍơ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ǁƢǌƬǻȏơ
ǽƽơƾǠƬǇơ" ȄǴǟ ƽƾǐǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ƽƾƳȁ "śȈǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷȋơȁ ǵȐǈǴǳ ơƆƾȇƾē ǹȐǰǌȇ
.(S/RES/1674/2006) " ƔƢǔƬǫȏơ ƾǼǟ ƨƦǇƢǼǷ Śƥơƾƫ ƽƢǸƬǟơȁ ƩȏƢūơ ǮǴƫ Ŀ ǂǜǼǴǳ
ƢȀƬƳƢƦȇƽ Ŀ ƾǯƚƬǧ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ƢǷƗ
ƩơǁơǂǬǳơ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦǷ" ºƥ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǵơǄƬǳơ ȄǴǟ
ǞȈǸŝ Ǯǳǀǯȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǬǴǳ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ǱȂƷ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƢȀǼǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ
Ŗǳơ ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ńƛ ƨǸǔǼŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǰƫ Ŗǳơ ȃǂƻȋơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǪȈƯơȂŭơȁ ƽȂȀǠǳơ
ǱȐǬƬǇȏơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƨǷȐǈǳơȁ ǁơǂǬƬǇȏơȁ ƧƽƢȈǈǳơ ǵơǂƬƷơ ńƛ ȃǂƻƗ ǁȂǷƗ śƥ Ȃǟƾƫ
." ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƢĔȁƚǋ Ŀ ǲƻƾƬǳơ ǵƾǟȁ ǱȁƾǴǳ ǺǷȋơȁ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ
ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ŀ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪƷ ƨȈǟǂǋ" ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ƨƳƢƦȇƽ ǹǂǬƫȁ
ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǦǴƬƼŠ ƨȇǂǐǼǠǳơȁ ƨȇǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơ ǶǜǼǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ
ƢƆǬǧȁ" ǹȂǰȇ ǹƘƥ" ƢŮȐǬƬǇơȁ ƢǿŚǐǷ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƢȀǬƷ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơȁ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ǂȇǂŢ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ
ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǺǷ Î ƧƽƢŭơ ƽƾǠƫȁ ." ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭ
ȄǴǟ Ƣǿǁȁƾƥ ǎǼƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨǘǌǻȋ ŉǂš ȄǴǟ ƩȂǘǻơ Ŗǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǷŐŭơ
ǹƗ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ śƦƫ ƢǸǯ .ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǽǀŮ Ņȁƾǳơ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨǻơƽƛ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƧǂȇƢǈǷ ƢȀŻǂš
śȈƦǼƳȋơ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ƵƢǨǯ ƩȏƢƷ"
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƾǠƫ ȏ" Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ȁƗ ǁǂƸƬǳơ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƧǂǘȈǈǳơȁ ǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơȁ
." Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ" Ǯǳƿȁ
ƢȀǼǸǔƫ ƢǸǯ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ ǵơǂƬƷơ Ŀ ƨƦǣǂǳơ ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ƢƆǔȇƗ ǆǸǴǻ ƢǼǿȁ
.Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦǷȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ" Ŀ Ǿƫơƿ ǦǫȂŭơ ǥƽƢǐǻȁ
ƨȇƢǣ ȁƗ ƮǟƢƥ ȁƗ ǥǂǛ ȅƘƥ ǽǂȇŐƫ ǺǰŻ ȏ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƗ" ƢȀƬƳƢƦȇƽ Ŀ ƾǯƚƫ Ŗǳơ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ
Ľ "ǾǧơƾǿƗȁ ǾƥƢƦǇƗȁ ǾǇƢǇƗ Ǻǟ ǂǜǼǳơ ǒǤƥ ǽǂǿƢǜǷȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ǞȈǸŝ ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷ ƤŸ ŅƢƬǳƢƥȁ
Ʊǁƾƫȁ ƢȀǼȈǠƥ ƨȈǷơǂƳƛ ƨǘǌǻƗ ƪǷǂƳ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǴǳ ơƆƽơƾǠƫ Ƣǿǁȁƾƥ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƽǁȂƫ
ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ƾǠƦƬǈƫȁ .ƨǷċǂĐơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ ǺǸǓ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǽǀǿ
ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǦǴƬƼŠ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƩȏƢƷ" ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƽơƾǟ ǺǷ
26
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ" Ǯǳƿȁ "Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫȁ ǂȇǂƸƬǳơ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ
."Ņȁƾǳơ
ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ȁƗ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏƢƥ" ǲţ ȏ ƢĔƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ÑÑ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ƾȈǬƬǳơ ƣȂƳȁ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿ ǾȈǼǠȇ ƢŠ" ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȅƗ Ƣđ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƧƽƾǠƬŭơ
.ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ Ʃơǁơǂǫȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ǿƥ ȆǔǬȇ ƢǷ ƔȂǓ Ŀ ƢȀǬȈƦǘƫȁ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǮǴƫ
ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȂǳơ ƮȈƷ ǺǷ (ƣ)

Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇƢƥ ƨǬǧǂŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ ǎǼƫ
Ŀ ƨǷƢƫ ƧǁȂǐƥ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ǁǂǬƫ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ (A/60/L.62 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ƢƆȈǻƢƯ ƾǼƦǳơ ǺǷ Ï ƧǂǬǨǳơ
ȄǴǟ ǁȂưǠǳơ ǥƾđ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢǼƥ ƨǗȂǼŭơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȐǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
Ŀ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ Ŀ ǝǂǌȇ ȁƗ ǭǁƢǌȇ ȁƗ ǲĈȀǈȇ ȁƗ Ƕǟƾȇ ǎƼǋ ȅƗ
ƿȐŭơ ǺǷ ǎƼǌǳơ Ǯǳƿ ǹƢǷǂƷȁ ƆƢǼǷƕ ơƆƿȐǷ ǂǧȂȇ ȁƗ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ȁƗ ƢǿŚƥƾƫ ȁƗ ƢŮ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ
."ǶȀƬǸǯƢŰ ȁƗ śƥȂǴǘŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ƗƾƦǷ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ńƛ ǾŻƾǬƫȁ ǺǷȉơ
ȅǀǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǁǂǬƫ ȅǀǳơ ƗƾƦŭơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǽǀǿ ƾǯƚƫȁ
ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȂǳơ ǖǈƥ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳƔƢǈŭơ ǺǷ ƧƢǼŪơ ƩȐǧƛ ǹȁƽ ƨǳȂǴȈūơ ńƛ ȄǷǂȇ
ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ńƛ ǶȀǸȈǴǈƫ ǵƾǟ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ǶȀƬǸǯƢƄ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ȄǴǟ ƧƢǼŪơ ǖƦǔĄȇ Ŗǳơ ǶǯƢƸǸǴǳ
ǺǷ ƧƢǼŪơ ƩȐǧȍ ƨǴȈǇȁ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǵƾǟ ǹȂǰȇ ȏ ƮȈŞ "ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ" ƗƾƦŭ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ
ƗƾƦǷȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƗƾƦǷ ǱƢǸǟƛ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ƤǴǘƫ ƢǸǯ .ƨǸǯƢƄơ
ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ǱȂưǷ ǵƾǠǳ ǱƢǸƬƷơ ȅȋ ơƆƔǁƽ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƢȀƬȇȏȁ ƽƢǬǠǻȏ ƢƆǇƢǇƗ ȆǐƼǌǳơ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ
.ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ǵƢǷƗ ƨƥȂǴǘŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
Ǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơ ƭȐưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƗƾƦŭơ ơǀŮ ƨǨǴƬű ƩƢǬȈƦǘƫ ǥƽƢǐǻȁ
ƢȀǏƢǐƬƻȏ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǺǷ ƗǄƴƬȇ ȏ ơƆƔǄƳ ƾǠƫ Ŗǳơȁ ǺǸȈǳơȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů
.ƢȀȈǴǟ ƢȀǬȇƾǐƫ ƽǂƴŠ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Ǳȁȋơ ǲǐǨǳơ ǺǷ ƢȈǻƢƯ ƣƢƦǳơ Ŀ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƾȀǠƬƫ
ƢƆǬǧȁ ǶȀƬǸǯƢŰȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ œǰƫǂǷ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǳơ" ƢȀǼǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ ƿƢţƢƥ
śƬǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȁƗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǶȀǸȈǴǈƫ ȁƗ řǗȂǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ
." ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơȁ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ
27
ǍȂǐǼŭơ Ǯǳƿ ǃơȂƳ ǵƾǟ ƩȏƢƷȁ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƬƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǹƗ ƾų Ǯǳƿ ǞǷȁ
ƨǧȂǳƘŭơ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ǾǻƘǋ Ŀ ƪǴǸǟƗȁ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƗƾƦŭ ƩơƔƢǼưƬǇơ Ƨƾǟ ƩƽǁȁƗ ƾǫ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ
.ƨȇƽƢǠǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǃơȂƳ ǵƾǟ ǶǰŢ Ŗǳơ
ǶȀȈǴǟ ǵȂǰƄơ ȁƗ śǸȀƬŭơ ǶȈǴǈƬƥ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƾȀǠƫ ȄǴǟ Ò ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
Ǖȁǂǌǳơȁ ƾǟơȂǬǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ȅƗ ǺǷ ǶȀǸȈǴǈƫ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ
.ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƩȏƢūơ ƢȀǼǷȁ ƢȀȈǧ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǃȂŸ ȏ Ŗǳơ ƩȏƢūơ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ ƽƾǠƫȁ
ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ȄǔƬǬŠ ƧŐƬǠǷ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀǴƳƗ ǺǷ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ"
.ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ƨǤƦǏ ƢŮ ƨŻǂƳ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ȃƾǳ ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ
ȏ ǎƼǋ ǺǷ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƪƦǰƫǁơ ƾǫ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ"
ǾȈƳȂƫ ǄȈŸ ȏ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǹƢǯȁ ƢȀƬȈǈǼƳ ǲǸŹ
ȄǴǟ ".ǎƼǌǳơ ơǀǿ ǲưǷ ǺǷ ǾǸȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƪƦǰƫǁơ ơƿƛ ƨŻǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ǲưǷ Ǻǟ ǵƢēȏơ
ǶȈǴǈƫ ƢŮ ǄȈŸ ȏ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ" ǾǻƗ
ǶȀǼǷ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ǺǷ ƾǓ ǵƢēȏơ ǾȈƳȂƬƥ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǵǄƬǴƬǧ ƢȀȈǼǗơȂǷ
ǲǠǨǳơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƨŻǂƳ ȃǂƻȋơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ȅƗ ȃƾǳ
ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ȁƗ ƨǼǇ Ǻǟ ƢēƾǷ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƨȇǂƸǴǳ ƨƦǳƢǇ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ śƬǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ǲǯ Ŀ ǾȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ
ǺǷ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨŻǂŪơ ǝȂǫȁ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǾǸȈǴǈƫ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨȈǈǼƳ ƽƾŢȁ ƾǋƗ
."ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƨƦǳƢǗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƢēǂƳƗ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳƢƥ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǹƢǠƬǈȇȁ ƢȀǴƳƗ
ŉǂƴƬǳơ Ʊơȁƽǃơ ƗƾƦǷ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪƦǘǼȇ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ Ŀ ƨǷǂĐơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơȁ
Ǟȇǂǌƫ Ŀ ǵǂĐơ ǲǠǨǳơ ǦȈȈǰƫ ǥȐƬƻơ ǹƗ ƧƢǟơǂǷ ǞǷ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǬƷȐŭơ ǮȇǂƸƬǳ ǕǂƬǌȇ ȅǀǳơ
.ŉǂƴƬǳơ Ʊơȁƽǃơ Ǖǂǋ ǂǧơȂƫ Ŀ ǂƯƚȇ ȏ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơȁ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ śƬǳȁƾǳơ
Ƨǂǌǟ ƨǠƥơǂǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ǁƢǗƛ ǶǇǁ ǱƢů Ŀȁ
ǶȀƬǷ ƨǸǯƢƸŠ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ȃƾƷȍ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ƾǬǠǻơ ơƿƛ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ
ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ Ŀ ǶȀƬŭơ ƾƳȂȇ Ŗǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ńƛ ƤǴǘƫ ǹƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀŮ ǃȂƴȈǧ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ Ǻǟ
ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƢƦǫƢǠǷ ƨŻǂŪơ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ƨǬǧơȂǷ ƨǘȇǂǋ ƨŻǂŪơ ǽǀǿ Ǻǟ ǾƬǸǯƢŰ
ǵȂǬƫȁ ƾǋƗ ȃǂƻƗ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ȁƗ ƧƾƷơȁ ƨǼǇ Ǻǟ ƢēƾǷ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƨȇǂƸǴǳ ƨƦǳƢǇ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ƨǸǯƢƄơ
ƨǳƽȋơȁ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơȁ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳơ ǞȈǸŝ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƧƢǧơȂŠ ƨǳƢūơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
".ƨŻǂŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ
ƢēƾǼǇƗ Ŗǳơ ǞƟƢǫȂǳơ ȁƗ ƨǠǫơȂǳơ Ǻǟ ǱƢūơ ȄǔƬǬǷ ƤǈƷ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ȃǂŸȁ
." ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƨǳȁƽ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƩơƔơǂƳƛȁ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǶȀƬŭơ ńƛ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
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‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ƧƽƢǟƛ ȁƗ ƨǸǯƢŰ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ǃȂŸ ȏ" Ƨǂǌǟ ƨǇƽƢǈǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (ƣ) ƧǂǬǨǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
Ŀȁ" ."ǾƬǸǯƢŰ ƔơǂƳƛ Ǻǟ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƪǠǼƬǷơ ơƿƛ ȏƛ ǾƬǸǯƢŰ ƪƦǴǗ ǺǷ ƨǸǯƢŰ
ƤǴǗ ǹƘǌƥ Ǿƫǀţơ ƢŠ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǁƢǘƻƜƥ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǵǄƬǴƫ ǱơȂƷȋơ ǞȈŦ
."ƢȀȇǂš Ŗǳơ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳơ ƨƴȈƬǼƥ ƢǿǁƢǘƻƜƥ ǵǄƬǴƫ ƢǸǯƨǸǯƢƄơ ƔơǂƳƛ
ƨǸǯƢƄƢƥ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ǲǬǻ ȄǴǟ ƤƫǂƬȇ ȏ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ǎǼǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƪǟơǁ ƾǫȁ
ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƨǳȁƽ ȁƗ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƔƢǔǫ ńƛ ƔȂƴǴǳơ Ǿǳ ǹȂǰȇȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǺǷ ǁǂǔƬŭơ ǩȂǬŞ ǅƢǈŭơ
." ƨŻǂŪơ Ǻǟ ƨƠǋƢǼǳơ ƨȈǻƾŭơ ǾǫȂǬŞ ƨƦǳƢǘŭơ Ŀ
:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǎǼƫ Ŗǳơ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ŘƦƬƫ
ȁƗ śǸȀƬŭơ ǶȈǴǈƬƥ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƾȀǠƬƫ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÎÖ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƬǧ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
ƢƆǬƦǗ Ǯǳƿȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ȅƗ ǺǷ ǶȀǸȈǴǈƫ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǶȀȈǴǟ ǵȂǰƄơ
ǃơȂƳ ǵƾǟ ƩȏƢƷ ÏÍ ƧƽƢŭơ Ʃƽƾǟȁ ."ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ Ǖȁǂǌǳơȁ ƾǟơȂǬǴǳ
ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ "ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ" ƗƾƦǷ ǪȈƦǘƫ ǞǷ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ǁơǂǣ ȄǴǟ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ
Ŀ ǵǂĐơ ǲǠǨǴǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǦȈȈǰƬǳơ ǦǴƬƻơ ǹƛȁ ŉǂƴƬǳơ Ʊơȁƽǃơ Ǖǂǋ ƔȂǓ Ŀ śǼǗơȂǸǴǳ
.śƬǳȁƾǳơ Ǟȇǂǌƫ
ǾǼǷ ÏÖ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ ."ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȂǳơ" ƨǳƘǈǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ǆǷƢŬơ ǲǐǨǳơ ŀƢǠȇȁ
ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƢȀƬȇȏȁ ǹƢȇǂǇ ƾȈǯƘƬǳ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ƿƢţơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ȄǴǟ" śǠƬȇ ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ
:ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ
.ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ Ŀ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢǷƾǼǟ (Ɨ)
ƨǴƴǈǷ ƧǂƟƢǗ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶǴǟ Ǟǧǂƫ ƨǼȈǨǇ ŔǷ ȄǴǟ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢǷƾǼǟ (ƣ)
.ƨŻǂŪơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƪǫȁ ƢȀȇƾǳ
.ƨǳȁƾǳơ řǗơȂǷ ƾƷƗ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ƢǷƾǼǟ (Ʊ)
:ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ÐÍ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ Ǿƫơƿ ǩƢȈǈǳơ Ŀȁ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ȅƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƢȀƬȇȏȁ ƾŤ ǹƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ǃȂŸ"
:"ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ
.ƢȀȈǼǗơȂǷ ƾƷƗ ƾǓ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢǷƾǼǟ (Ɨ)
ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ǥƾđ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƨŻǂƴǴǳ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ ȁƗ ƽơƾǟȍơ ǶƬȇ ƢǷƾǼǟ (ƣ)
.ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ǲƻơƽ
.ƢȀȈǧ ƽƢƬǠŭơ ǾƬǷƢǫƛ ǲŰ ƾƳȂȇ ƨȈǈǼŪơ ǱȂȀů ƢƆǐƼǋ ƨŻǂŪơ ƤǰƫǂǷ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ (Ʊ)
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".ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ǵƢǟ ǪǧǂǷ ƾǓ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢǷƾǼǟ (ƽ )

:ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ÐÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ "ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨǸǯƢƄơ" ƗƾƦŭ ơƆƾȈǯƘƫȁ
ǹƢȇǂǇ ƾȈǯƘƬǳ Śƥơƾƫ ǺǷ ǵǄǴȇ ƢǷ ƾǸƬǠƫ ǹƗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬǷ ƨǳȁƽ ǲǯ ȄǴǟ śǠƬȇ"
Ŀ ơƆƽȂƳȂǷ ǶȀƬŭơ ǹȂǰȇ ƢǷƾǼǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀđ ƨǳȂǸǌŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƢȀƬȇȏȁ
."Ǯǳƿ ƪƦǴǗ ƧƾǫƢǠƬǷ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǳȁƾǳ ǾǸǴǈƫ ǹƗ ȁƗ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ
śƥ ǪȈǧȂƬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ǪȈǈǼƬǴǳ ƨȈǳƕ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ÐÏ ƧƽƢŭơ Ǟǔƫȁ
ơƿƛ " ǾǻƘƥ ȆǔǬƬǧ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƤƳȂŠ ƨǷǂĐơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ Ǻǟ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǬƷȐŭơ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƢȀƬȇȏȁ
ȁƗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀđ ƨǳȂǸǌŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȃƾƷƛ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƟƢǔǫ ƨȇȏȁ ƢŮ ƧƾǫƢǠƬǷ ƨǳȁƽ ȅƗ ǁƢǘƻƛ Ļ
ǀƼƬƫ ȁƗ ƆƢǬȈǬŢ ȅǂš ȃǂƻȋơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ǂưǯƗ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƽ ǹƗ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǬȇǂǘƥ ƪǸǴǟ
ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǮǴƫ Ŀ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ȄǴǟ śǠƬȈǧ ǱƢǠǧȋơ Ʃơƿ ǹƘǌƥ ƢƆȈƟƢǔǫ ƔơǂƳƛ
."ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǺǷ ǽƿƢţơ ƤŸ ƢǷ ǹƘǌƥ
ǲţ ȏ" ǹƘƥ ȄǔǬȇ ƢƆǐǻ ƨȈǷƢƬŬơ ƢȀǷƢǰƷƗ śǸǔƫ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ȂǠǓơȁ ǍǂƷȁ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ Ƣđ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƧƽƾǠƬŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ȁƗ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏƢƥ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ
ȁƗ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǾȈǴǟ ǎǼƫ ƢǷ ƧƢǟơǂǷ ƣȂƳȁ Ǯǳƿ ȄǔƬǬǷȁ (ÑÑ ƧƽƢŭơ) " ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ
ǽǀŮ ǹȂǰƫ ƮȈŞ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȂǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǱƢǸǟƛ ǹƘǋ Ŀ ƾǟơȂǫ ǺǷ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ
.ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳƔƢǈŭơ ǺǷ ƩȐǧȍơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǴǳ ƶǸǈȇ ȏ ƢŠ ǪȈƦǘƬǳơ Ŀ ƨȇȂǳȁȋơ ǍȂǐǼǳơ
Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð

Ŀ ļƘȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ ȄǴǟ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǺǷ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Î ƣ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫ
ǶȀǸȈǴǈƫ ȁƗ řǗȂǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǶȀƬǸǯƢŰȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ œǰƫǂǷ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǳơ" ƢȀƬǠȈǴǗ
."ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơȁ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ śƬǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȁƗ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǽǀǿ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬǧȁ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƾȀǠƬƫ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǺǷ Ò ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ǱƢů Ŀȁ
ȅƗ ǺǷ ǶȀǸȈǴǈƫ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǶȀȈǴǟ ǵȂǰƄơ ȁƗ śǸȀƬŭơ ǶȈǴǈƬƥ ǥơǂǗȋơ
ƽƾǠƫȁ ."ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ Ǖȁǂǌǳơȁ ƾǟơȂǬǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ Ǯǳƿȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ
ƨǤƦǏ ƢŮ ƨŻǂƳ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƤǴǗ ǝȂǓȂǷ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ƢȀǼǷȁ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǃơȂƳ ǵƾǟ ƩȏƢƷ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ
ǥǂǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ Ŀ ƪƦǰƫǁơ ƾǫ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀǴƳƗ ǺǷ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ
ƨƦǳƢǗ ǥǂǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ŁƢǐŠ ƩǂǓƗ ƾǫ ƨŻǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ ȏƛ" ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀǼǷ ƣȂǴǘŭơ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƪǻƢǯȁ ǶȀƬƦǫƢǠǷȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ œǰƫǂǷ ǞƦƬƫ ȄǴǟ ǎǼƫ ƢȀǼȈǻơȂǫ ƪǻƢǯȁ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ
."ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ƾǠƥ ƗƾƦƫ Ń ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀǼǷ ƣȂǴǘŭơ
ǶȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƪƦǰƫǁơ ƾǫ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ" ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǧ ǃȂŸ ȏ Ŗǳơ ƩȏƢūơ ǺǷȁ
ƢȀǼǷ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ǥǂǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǹƢǯȁ ƢȀƬȈǈǼƳ ǲǸŹ ȏ ǎƼǋ ǺǷ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
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‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ơǀǿ ǲưǷ ǺǷ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƪƦǰƫǁơ ơƿƛ ƨŻǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ǲưǷ Ǻǟ ǵƢēȏơ ǾȈƳȂƫ ǄȈŸ ȏ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ
."ǎƼǌǳơ
ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Õ ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫ "ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ" ƗƾƦŭ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛȁ
ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǵǄƬǴƬǧ ƢȀȈǼǗơȂǷ ǶȈǴǈƫ ƢŮ ǄȈŸ ȏ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ
ǲǠǨǳơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƨŻǂƳ ǶȀǼǷ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ǺǷ ƾǓ ǵƢēȏơ ǾȈƳȂƬƥ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ
ƾǋƗ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ȁƗ ƨǼǇ Ǻǟ ƢēƾǷ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƨȇǂƸǴǳ ƨƦǳƢǇ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ śƬǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ǲǯ Ŀ ǾȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ
Ŀ ǹƢǠƬǈȇȁ ƢȀǴƳƗ ǺǷ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨŻǂŪơ ǝȂǫȁ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǾǸȈǴǈƫ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨȈǈǼƳ ƽƾŢȁ
."ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƨƦǳƢǗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƢēǂƳƗ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳƢƥ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ
ǾǻƘƥ ȆǔǬƬǧ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ǱƢů Ŀ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ȄǴǟ ÎÒ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ Ǻǟ ǶȀƬǷ ƨǸǯƢƸŠ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ȃƾƷȍ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ƽƢǬǠǻơ ƾǼǟ"
ƨŻǂŪơ ǽǀǿ Ǻǟ ǾƬǸǯƢŰ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ Ŀ ǶȀƬŭơ ƾƳȂȇ Ŗǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ńƛ ƤǴǘƫ ǹƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀŮ ǃȂƴȈǧ
ƢēƾǷ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƨȇǂƸǴǳ ƨƦǳƢǇ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ ƨŻǂŪơ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ƨǬǧơȂǷ ƨǘȇǂǋ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƧƢǧơȂŠ ƨǳƢūơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǵȂǬƫȁ ƾǋƗ ȃǂƻƗ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ȁƗ ƧƾƷơȁ ƨǼǇ Ǻǟ
." ƨŻǂŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨǳƽȋơȁ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơȁ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳơ ǞȈǸŝ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƢȀǼǷ ƣȂǴǘŭơ
ǁƢǘƻƜƥ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ǵǄƬǴƫȁ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƨǳȁƽ ǹȂǻƢǬǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ȃǂŸȁ
ƨƴȈƬǼƥ ƢǿǁƢǘƻƜƥ ǵǄƬǴƫ ƢǸǯ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƔơǂƳƛ ƤǴǗ ǹƘǌƥ Ǿƫǀţơ ƢŠ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƨƦǳƢǗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
.ƢȀȇǂš Ŗǳơ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǁƢǗƛ (Ʊ)

Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇƢƥ ƨǬǧǂŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ ǺǸǔƬƫ
Ŀ (A/60/L.62 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ÏÍÍÓ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ Ó Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ
ƧǁȂǐƥ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ȄǴǟ ǎǼǳơ ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼǷ ŚƥơƾƬƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ƢƆȈǻƢƯ ƢǿƾǼƥ Ŀ (Ï) ƧǂǬǨǳơ
ǁȂưǠǳơ ǥƾđ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ Ƣđ ƨǗȂǼŭơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȐǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨǷƢƫ
ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ Ŀ ǝǂǌȇ ȁƗ ǭǁƢǌȇ ȁƗ ǲȀǈȇ ȁƗ Ƕǟƾȇ ǎƼǋ ȅƗ ȄǴǟ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞȈƴǌƫ" ƣȂƳȁ ȄǴǟ ƧǂǋƢǠǳơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫȁ ."ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ȁƗ ƢǿŚƥƾƫ ȁƗ ƢŮ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ Ŀ
ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǤƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǹȂǠƥǁȋơ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ Ƣǿƾǈš Ŗǳơ ƨǴǷƢǌǳơ ŚȇƢǠŭơ ǪȈƦǘƫ ȄǴǟ
ǞǷ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍƢƥ řǠŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǫȇǂǧ ǺǷ ƨǷƾǬŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂǸƬƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǞǈƬǳơ ƨǏƢŬơ
."ƢȀǬȈƦǘƫ Ŀ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ńƛ ƱƢƬŢ ƾǫ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǹƘƥ ǾǈǨǻ ƪǫȂǳơ Ŀ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƭȐưǳơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǍȂǐǻ Ŀ ǲǣƢǌǳơ ơǀŮ ȃƾǏ ƾųȁ
:ŅƢƬǳơ ǾƳȂǳơ ȄǴǟ Ǯǳƿȁ ȆƴȈǴŬơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ Ƣđ ƪǘƦƫǁơ Ŗǳơ
31

ȁƗ ǲȇȂŤ ȁƗ ǶȈǜǼƫ ǵƾǠƥ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƾȀǠƫ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
ŉƾǬƫ ȁƗ ƢȀǴȇȂŤ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ǲǴǈƫ ǞǼǷ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ
.ƢŮ ƩȐȈȀǈƫ ƨȇƗ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

ǹƢǯ ƢȇƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǞŦ ȁƗ ŉƾǬƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ƾǠƫ" Î ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ð ƧǂǬǨǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ
Ǯǳǀǯ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƾǠȇ ƢǸǯ" ."Ǯǳǀƥ ǶǴǠǳơ ǞǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǲȇȂǸƬǳ ƢȀǟȂǻ
."ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ñ ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ Ƕǟƽ ƨǘǌǻƘƥ ƽȂǐǬŭơ ƶȈǓȂƫ ǑǂǠǷ Ŀȁ
ȁƗ ǱơȂǷƗ ǲȇȂŢ ȁƗ ǲǬǻ ȁƗ ǎȈǐţ ȁƗ ǶȈǴǈƫ ȁƗ ǞŦ ǺǸǔƬȇ ǲǠǧ ǲǯ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ńȁȋơ
ơǀǿ ƨƸǴǐŭ ǵƢȈǬǳơ ȁƗ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ȁƗ ǲƻơƾǳơ Ŀ ȆǟƢŦ ȁƗ ȃƽǂǧ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǕƢǌǻ ȅȋ ƢēơƾƟƢǟ
ƨǘǇơȂǳƢƥ ȁƗ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ ǲǐƸƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨȇǁƢš ȁƗ ƨȈǧǂǐǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǰǼƥ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ȅƘƥ ǽǂǏƢǼǟ ȁƗ ǕƢǌǼǳơ
ȁƗ ƤȇǁƾƬǴǳ ǺǯƢǷƗ Śƥƾƫ ȁƗ ǾƟƽƢƦŭ ƲȇȁǂƬǳơȁ ƧȂǟƾǳơ ȁƗ ǾƬƸǴǐŭ ƢŮȐǤƬǇȏ ǱơȂǷƗ ȄǴǟ
ƨȇƗ ŉƾǬƫ ȁƗ ƧǁȁǄŭơ ƩơƾǼƬǈŭơ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǺǷ ǝơȂǻƗ ƨȇƘƥ ǶǿƾȇȁǄƫ ȁƗ ǽǂǏƢǼǠǳ ƔơȂȇȍơ
." Ǯǳǀƥ ǶǴǠǳơ ǞǷ ǲȇȂǸƬǳơȁ Ƕǟƾǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ ǺǷ ȃǂƻƗ ƧƾǟƢǈǷ ƨǴȈǇȁ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǺǷ ǝȂǻ ȅƗ" ƢĔƗ Ò ƧǂǬǨǳơ ƶǓȂƫ ǱơȂǷȋƢƥ ƽȂǐǬŭơ Ƶǂǋ ǑǂǠǷ Ŀȁ
Ŀ ƢŠ ƢȀǴǰǋ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ƩơƾǼƬǈŭơȁ ǭȂǰǐǳơȁ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơȁ ƨǳȂǬǼŭơ Śǣȁ ƨǳȂǬǼŭơ ƨȇƽƢŭơ Śǣȁ ƨȇƽƢŭơ
ƩƢǰȈǌǳơ ǝơȂǻƗ ǞȈŦȁ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƩƢǻƢǸƬƟȏơȁ ƨȈǸǫǂǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈǻȁǂƬǰǳȍơ ǶǜǼǳơ ǲǰǋ Ǯǳƿ
." ƽƢǸƬǟȏơ ƩƢƥƢǘƻȁ ƩȏƢȈƦǸǰǳơȁ ƩơƾǼǈǳơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǩơǁȁȋơȁ ǶȀǇȋơȁ ƩȏơȂūơȁ
ǲȇȂŤȁ Ƕǟƽ ǞǼǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ǍƢŬơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ºǳ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǎǐţȁ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǸǯ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ ǲǐǨǳơ ơǀǿ ƽơȂǷ ƽƾǠƫȁ ." ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƨǠƥƢƬǷ ƢŮ ǲǨǰƫ Ŗǳơ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơȁ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǀƼƬƫ" :ÎÑ ƧƽƢŭơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ Ƕǟƽ ƨǘǌǻƗ Ǧǌǯ ǺǷ ƢȀǼǰŤ Ŗǳơ ƩƢƠȈŮơȁ ƽơǂǧȌǳ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ
."ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƢȀƬǸǜǻƗȁ ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǞǷ ǪǨƬȇ ƢŠ Ǯǳƿȁ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ǩƢǘǻ Ŀ
ǲȇȂŢ ȁƗ ǲǬǻ ȁƗ ǱȂƻƽ ǞǼŭ ƨǼǰǸŭơ ƽȂȀŪơ ǲǯ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǀƼƬƫ ":ÎÒ ƧƽƢŭơ
ǞǼǷȁ ǾǸǟƽȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨǘǌǻƗ Ŀ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌȇ ƢȀȈǳƛ ȁƗ ƢȀǼǷ ǱơȂǷƗ
ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ȄǴǟ ƨǼƟƢǰǳơ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƨȈǸƬǼŭơ ƨǏƢŬơȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ȁƗ ƽơǂǧȋơ ǕǁȂƫ
."ƨǘǌǻȋơ
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‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ƩƢǻƢȈƦǳơȁ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǸǴǳ ȅǁȂǨǳơ ǱƽƢƦƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƜƥ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǵǄƬǴƫ" :ÎÓ ƧƽƢŭơ
Ļ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǜǨƸƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍƢƥȁ ƢȀǼǟ ǡȐƥȍơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ȁƗ Ƕǟƽ ƨǘǌǻƘƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ
."ƢĔƘǌƥ ƢǿƿƢţơ
ƨǘǌǻȋơ Ŀ ƨǷƾƼƬǈŭơ ƤȈǳƢǇȋơȁ ƩơŐŬơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǱƽƢƦƬƫ" :ÎÔ ƧƽƢŭơ
ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ ƢȀǼǟ Ǧǌǰǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǷȋơȁ ƨȈǸǴǠǳơ ǲƦǈǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ Ƕǟƾƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ
ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ƩƢǰƦǋȁ ƨȈǻȁǂƬǰǳȍơȁ ƨȈǰǴǇȐǳơ ǱƢǐƫȏơ ǲƟƢǇȁ ǵơƾƼƬǇơ ǲƦǇ
Ŀ ƢȀǼȈƥ ƢǸȈǧ ƨǯǂƬǌǷ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ƧƾǟƢǫ ƔƢǌǻƛȁ ƩƢǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ ƩơƔƢǬǴǳơ ƾǬǟȁ
."ǕƢǌǼǳơ ơǀǿ ƨȀƳơȂǷ
ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƬǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨƦǇƢǼŭơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƨǳȁƽ ǲǯ ǀƼƬƫ ":ÎÕ ƧƽƢŭơ
ȁƗ ƨǷƾƼƬǈǷ ǱơȂǷƗ ȅƗ ǄƴƷ ȁƗ ƾȈǸš ȁƗ Ǧǌǯ ȁƗ ƾȇƾƸƬǳ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƢȀƬǸǜǻƗȁ
ƢŮƽƢƦƫ ȁƗ ƢēǁƽƢǐŭ ƢēơƾƟƢǟȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ Ƕǟƽ ƨǘǌǻƗ ǑơǂǣƗ ǺǷ ǑǂǤǳ ƨǐǐű
ȄǴǟ ƾƬǷơ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǕƢǌǼƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ ȃǂƻȋơ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞǷ ƢȀǷƢǈƬǫơ ȁƗ
."Ǯǳƿ ȆǔƬǬƫ ǕƢǌǼǳơ ơǀǿ Ǻǟ Ǧǌǰǳơ ƨƸǴǐǷ ƪǻƢǯȁ ƢȀūƢǐŠ ǂǓƗ ȁƗ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ

ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƾǠƫ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǺǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (ƽ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫ
ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǥơƾǿȋơ ǲȇȂŤ ǑǂǤƥ ǶƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƽȁƾūơ Őǟ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǱƢǰǋƗ ǞȈŦ
."ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣȁ ǂǌƦǳơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ Ŀ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǁƢšȏơ
ǱȂƷ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ǄȇǄǠƬƥ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƾȀǠƬƫ" ÎȏƆ ȁƗ" ƨǠƥơǂǳơ ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ǲƟƢǇȁȁ ƢȀƦȇǁƾƫȁ ƢǿǄǯǂŤ ǺǯƢǷƗȁ ƢǿǂǏƢǼǟȁ ƢēơƽƢȈǫȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ǶƟơǂƳȁ ƨǘǌǻƗ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ Ŀ ƨƥƢǻȍơ ƤǴǗ ǒǧǁ ǃȂŸ ȏ" Ƨǂǌǟ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ ."ƢȀǴȇȂŤ ǁƽƢǐǷȁ
Ŀ ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ƤǴǘǳơ ǀȈǨǼƫ Ŀ ǞƦƬƫȁ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ȁƗ ǥǁƢǐŭơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƨȇǂǇ ƧƾǟƢǫ ƤƦǈƥ
."ǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨǳȁƽ
ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƨǷŐŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǹƛ ǱȂǬǳơ Ǻǟ řǣȁ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ƩǁȂǴƦƫ ǹƗ ƾǠƥ ƪǷǂƥƗ ÏÍÍÑ
ǵƢǟ ƨǷŐŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ǂưǯƗ ƽƾǐǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳơ ƾȇƾŢ Ŀ ƪǠǇȂƫȁ
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƨǷŐŭơ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ȁƗ ÎÖÕÕ
ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ( ƽ)

(A/60/L.62) ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏƢƥ ƨǬƸǴŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ ƩǃǂƥƗ
ȁƗ Ƕǟƾȇ ǎƼǋ ȅƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂưǠǳơ ǥƾđ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨǷƢƫ ƧǁȂǐƥ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ƨȈŷƗ
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ȁƗ ƢŮ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ Ŀ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ Ŀ ǝǂǌȇ ȁƗ ǭǁƢǌȇ ȁƗ ǲȀǈȇ

ńƛ ǾŻƾǬƫȁ ǺǷȉơ ƿȐŭơ ǺǷ ǎƼǌǳơ Ǯǳƿ ǹƢǷǂƷȁ ƆƢǼǷƕ ơƆƿȐǷ ǂǧȂȇ ȁƗ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ȁƗ ƢǿŚƥƾƫ
."ǶȀƬǸǯƢŰ ȁƗ śƥȂǴǘŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ƗƾƦǷ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ
ȁƗ ǶȀƬǸǯƢŰȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ œǰƫǂǷ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǳơ ƨǳƢǨǯ" ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ ȄƻȂƬƫȁ
ǩȂǬƷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƢǸȈǇ ȏȁ Ņȁƾǳơȁ řǗȂǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǵƢǰƷȌǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǶȀǸȈǴǈƫ
ǵơǂƥƛ ńƛ ȄǠǈǼǇ ƨȇƢǤǳơ ǽǀŮ ƆƢǬȈǬŢȁ .Ņȁƾǳơ ňƢǈǻȍơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ śƠƳȐǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǄȇǄǠƫ ǲƳƗ ǺǷȁ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǶȈǴǈƫȁ ƨǳƽƢƦƬŭơ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƬǳ ƩƢǫƢǨƫơ ǀȈǨǼƫȁ
."ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƿƢǨǻƛ ƩȏƢǯȁ śƥ
ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪǠǫȁ Ŗǳơ ƭȐưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǍȂǐǻ ǞǷ Ǯǳƿ ǪǧơȂƫ ȃƾǷ śƦƬǻȁ
.ǺǸȈǳơ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ

ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǞǼŭ ĺǂǠǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ƩƢȈǳƕ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǱȁƢǼƬƫ
ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƫ ȄǴǟ ƨǠƥơǂǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƬǧ ."ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
Ŀ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ȄǴǟ ǎǼǳơ ƽǂȇȁ .ȅǂƸƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǱƢů Ŀ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫȁ ƩơŐŬơȁ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ȄǴǠǧ ÎÏ ńƛ Ö ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨƥƢǻȍơ ȄǴǟȁ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Õ ńƛ Ò ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ
ƨŻǂŪơ ǺǷ ƨȈƫƘƬŭơ ƩơƾƟƢǠǳơȁ ƔƢȈǋȋơ Ŀ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ƨȈǨȈǯȁ ÎÕ ńƛ ÎÐ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ Ŀ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ
ǝǂǨǳơ ǱȁƢǼƬȇȁ .ÏÎ ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƨǳƽȋơ ǱƽƢƦƫȁ ÏÎ ńƛ ÎÖ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ Ŀ ƢȀǘƦǓ Ǻǟ ƨšƢǼǳơȁ
ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ǂǯǀǳơ ƨǨǻƕ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ƩƢȈǳƕ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƮǳƢưǳơ
.ÐÕ ńƛ ÐÑ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ Ŀ ƔơŐŬơȁ ƽȂȀǌǳơ ƨȇƢŧ
ǵƢǰƷƗ ǺǷ ǥǂǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ řǗȂǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ ǾǼǸǔƬȇ ƾǫ Ƣŭ ƨǴǸǰǷ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ǽǀǿ ƾǠƫȁ
ơǀǿ ǶǰŹ ȅǀǳơ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ǲǸƬŰ ǡơǂǧ ȅƗ ƾǈƫȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ
.ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

ǶȈǴǈƫ ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ƗƾƦȇȁ "ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Ǟƥơǂǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ ǱȁƢǼƬȇ
ȄǐǫƗ ŉƾǬƬƥ ƧƾǫƢǠƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƾȀǠƬƫ" ǹƘƥ ÏÐ ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫ Ľ (ÏÏ ńƛ ÎÖ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ) śǷǂĐơ
ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ȁƗ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳơ ȁƗ ƩƢȇǂƸƬǴǳ ƨǷǃȏ ǹȂǰƫ ƨǼǰŲ ƨȈƟƢǔǫȁ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǫ ƧƾǟƢǈǷ
ƩȏȏƾƬǇȏơ ƔơǂƳƛ ǱƢů Ŀ ǵơǄƬǳȏơ ơǀǿ ƢȀȈǴƫ Ŗǳơ ƽơȂŭơ ƾǯƚƫȁ ."ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ
ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨƥƢǻȍơ ƩƢƦǴǗ ǀȈǨǼƫ Ŀȁ (ÏÑƧƽƢŭơ) ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳơȁ
ƨǴǐƸƬŭơ ƩơƾƟƢǠǳơȁ ƔƢȈǋȋơ ǖƦǓ Ŀȁ (ÏÒ ƧƽƢŭơ) ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ Ǻǟ ƨƠǋƢǻ ƨȈƟƢǼƳ ȃȂǟƾƥ
ƧƽƢŭơȁ ÏÓ ƧƽƢŭơ) ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ƢȀǸȈǴǈƫȁ Ƣđ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǧ ƨǴǸǠƬǈŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ǺǷ
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‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ƨǳȁƽ ȅƗ ƾǓ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ȄǴǟ ǞǬƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ȅƗ Ǻǟ ƨšƢǼǳơ ǁƢƯȉơȁ ƨǳƽȋơ ǎƸǧ Ŀȁ (ÏÔ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǁȂǏ ǀȈǨǼƫ ƩƢȈǳƕ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ǅƽƢǈǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ ǱȁƢǼƬȇȁ .(ÏÕ ƧƽƢŭơ) ƧƾǫƢǠƬǷ
.(ÑÏ ńƛ ÐÐ ƽơȂŭơ) ǂǯǀǳơ ƨǨǻƕ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ

ňƢưǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ǱȁƢǼƬƫ
(Õ ńƛ Ó ƽơȂŭơ) śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƬǳ ǾǼǷ Ǳȁȋơ ǝǂǨǳơ ǎǐţȁ ."ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǱƢĐơ Ŀ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ƢȀǼǷ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ" ǹȂǼǠŭơ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ Ŀȁ (ÎÐ ńƛ Ö ƽơȂŭơ) ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨƥƢǻȍơ" ňƢưǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ Ŀ ǱȁƢǼƬƫȁ
ȃǂƻȋơ ǥơǂǗȋơ ǱȁƾǴǳ ǥǂǗ ƨǳȁƽ ǲǯ ǵƾǬƫ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǂǌǟ ƨǠƥơǂǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ "ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ
ǺǷȁ ."ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ȁƗ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǴǳ ƨǷǃȐǳơȁ ƨǼǰǸŭơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ
ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ȃƾƷȍ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ƽƢǬǠǻơ ƾǼǟ ǃȂŸ ǾǻƗ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ơǀǿ ǱƢǰǋƗ
Ŀ ǶȀƬŭơ ƾƳȂȇ Ŗǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ńƛ ƤǴǘƫ ǹƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀŮ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ Ǻǟ ǶȀƬǷ ƨǸǯƢƸŠ
ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǺǷ ƮǳƢưǳơ ƣƢƦǳơ ǱȁƢǼƫȁ .(ÎÕ ńƛ ÎÒ ƽơȂŭơ) ƨŻǂŪơ ǽǀǿ Ǻǟ ǾƬǸǯƢŰ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ
.ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ƩƢȈǳƕ
ǺǷ ơƆƔǄƳ ƢǿǁƢƦƬǟơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ȄǴǟ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǹƘǋ ǺǷ ǹƢǯ Ƣŭȁ
ƨƥƢƴƬǇȏƢƥ ǥơǂǗȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǵơǄƬǳơ Ǯǳƿ ȄǴǟ ƤƫǂƬȇ ǾǻƜǧ ǥǂǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ
Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǎǼǳơ ƽǂȇ Ń Ȃǳȁ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ řǷȋơȁ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢƦǴǘǳ
.řǗȂǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ
35
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǹƢȈƥ
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‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﻗﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬
١٣ ١٢ ١١ ١٠ ٩ ٨ ٧ ٦ ٥ ٤ ٣ ٢ ١
‫ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‬
‫ﻗﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻤﺘﻌﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺭﻫﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻊ ﲤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻊ ﺍﳍﺠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻔﺠﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻼﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﻫﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻨﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺎﺋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﲑﺍﻥ ﻃﲑﺍﻥ ﻻﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﲑﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﻧﺘﺮﻳﺎﻝ‬
٢٠٠٥ ١٩٩٩ ١٩٩٧ ١٩٩١ ١٩٨٨ ١٩٨٨ ١٩٨٠ ١٩٧٩ ١٩٧٧ ١٩٨٨ ١٩٧١ ١٩٧٠ ١٩٦٧‫ﻃﻮﻛﻴﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬
ƾȈǫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ƨǇơǁƾǳơ ƾȈǫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Î
ƨǇơǁƾǳơ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ ÏÍÍÔ/ÎÍ/ÐÎ ÎÖÖÓ/Ô/ÎÎ ÏÍÍÓ/Ï/Ï ÏÍÍÓ/Ï/Ï ÎÖÖÎ/Î/Õ ÏÍÍÑ/Ð/Î ÎÖÕÖ/Ï/ÏÎ ÎÖÔÑ/Ó/ÎÑ ÎÖÔÑ/Ó/ÎÑ ÎÖÓÖ/ÎÎ/ÏÎ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ÏÍÍÔ
ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ƨǳȁƽ Ï
ÏÍÍÒ/Ö/ÏÐ ÏÍÍÒ/Ö/ÏÐ ÎÖÖÏ/ÎÏ/ÏÎ ÏÍÍÒ/Ö/ÎÒ ÏÍÍÒ/Ö/ÎÒ ÎÖÕÖ/Ð/Ö ÏÍÍÐ/Ö/ÏÑ ÏÍÍÐ/Ï/ÏÒ ÎÖÕÖ/Ð/Ö ÎÖÕÎ/Ñ/ÎÍ ÎÖÕÎ/Ñ/ÎÍ ÎÖÕÎ/Ñ/ÎÓ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ
ƧƾƸƬŭơ
ǞȈǫȂƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ð
ÏÍÍÑ/Ñ/ÎÖ ÎÖÖÓ/Ð/ÎÕ ÏÍÍÐ/Ó/ÐÍ ÏÍÍÐ/Ó/ÐÍ ÏÍÍÑ/Ñ/ÏÐ ÎÖÕÖ/Ï/Ó ÎÖÕÖ/Ð/Î ÎÖÕÖ/Ð/Õ ÎÖÔÖ/ÎÎ/ÏÐ ÎÖÔÖ/Ò/ÏÒ ÎÖÔÖ/ÎÎ/ÏÔ
ǞȈǫȂƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ Ñ
ÏÍÍÕ/Ô/ÏÓ ÏÍÍÕ/Ô/ÏÓ ÎÖÖÕ/ÎÎ/Ö ÏÍÍÐ/Ö/ÎÕ ÏÍÍÐ/Ö/ÎÕ ÏÍÍÐ/Ð/Ö ÎÖÖÔ/Ð/Ð ÏÍÍÐ/Ó/ÎÔ ÎÖÕÎ/Õ/ÏÓ ÎÖÕÎ/Õ/ÏÓ ÎÖÕÎ/Õ/Ó
Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ Ò
ÏÍÍÑ/Ö/ÏÎ ÏÍÍÑ/Ö/ÏÎ ÎÖÖÓ/Î/ÐÍ ÏÍÍÒ/ÎÍ/ÏÎ ÏÍÍÒ/ÎÍ/ÏÎ ÏÍÍÒ/Ö/ÎÓ ÏÍÍÒ/Ö/ÎÓ ÎÖÖÓ/Ï/ÎÏ ÎÖÕÑ/Ñ/ÏÍ ÎÖÕÑ/Ï/ÏÍ ÎÖÕÑ/Ï/Ö
ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ Ó
ÏÍÍÎ/ÎÏ/ÎÐ ÎÖÖÍ/Ö/ÏÑ ÎÖÖÍ/Ö/ÏÑ ÏÍÍÐ/Ó/ÎÎ ÎÖÕÕ/Ô/ÏÏ ÎÖÕÕ/Ð/ÏÏ ÎÖÖÏ/ÎÎ/ÏÔ ÎÖÔÔ/Ï/Ï ÎÖÔÔ/Ï/Ï ÎÖÔÔ/Ï/Ö
ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ǺǸȈǳơ Ô
ÏÍÍÎ/Ñ/ÏÐ ÏÍÍÔ/Ô/Ñ ÏÍÍ/Ó/ÐÍ ÏÍÍÍ/Ó/ÐÍ ÏÍÍ/Ô/ÎÑ ÎÖÕÔ/Ï/Ö ÏÍÍÔ/Î/Ò ÎÖÕÓ/Ö/ÏÖ ÎÖÕÓ/Ö/ÏÖ ÎÖÕÓ/Ö/ÏÓ
ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǟ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥȁ ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǠǳ ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽȂƳȂŭơ ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ ǹƗ ǚƷȐȇ :ƨǛȂƸǴǷ
.ǺǸȈǳơȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨǧǂǠŠ ƨǇơǁƾǳơ ƾȈǫ ǱơǄƫ ȏ Ȅǿȁ ƿƢǨǼǳơ ǄȈƷ ǲƻƾƫ Ń ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǲȇƾǠƫȁ ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ
‫ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‬
ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ
ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ/ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
ǺǸȈǳơ ǹƢǸǟ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ǂǘǫ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ
Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǞȈǫȂƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ÎÖÖÕ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
ÎÖÖÖ ÎÖÖÖ ÎÖÖÕ ÎÖÖÕ/Ñ/ÏÏ
Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǞȈǫȂƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ
Ƕǫǁ ȃƽƢƷƗ ǵȂǇǂǷ ÏÍÍÑ
ÏÍÍÑ/ÒÑ
Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ǞȈǫȂƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ǫȇƾǐƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ
ÏÍÍÏ ÎÖÖÖ Ņȁƾǳơ
.ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ŀ ƔƢǔǟȋơ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƨȀƳơȂŭơ ƶǷȐǷ ǹȉơ ǅǁƾǻȁ
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ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǱȂƷ ƨǇơǁƽ
ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƽ Ŀ
Ǳȁȋơ ǝǂǨǳơ
ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ
ŉƾǬƫ
ǵȐǇȍơ ȄǴǟ ƾǸƬǠȇ ȅǀǳơ ȆǰǴŭơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ Ƕǰūơ ǵȂǬȇ
ƨǠȈƦǗ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ƽƾŢȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǁȂƬǇƽ Ȃǿ ǹƕǂǬǳơ ŐƬǠȇȁ .ȃǁȂǌǳơ ƗƾƦǷ ǺǷ ǪǴǘǼȇȁ
.ǾȈǻȁƢǠǷȁ ǽƾȀǟ Ņȁȁ ǮǴŭơ ƩƢȈƷȐǏ ȄǴǟ ǑǂǨƫ Ŗǳơ ƽȂȈǬǳơ
ǶǰƸǴǳ ƢȈǇƢǇƗ ƢǷƢǜǻ ÎÖÖÏ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƩƾǸƬǟơ (Ɨ)
ƨƊ ǴǸǰǷ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ȆǈȈƟǂǳơ ǁƾǐŭơ Ȇǿ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơȁ .ƨǼǈǳơȁ ǹƕǂǬǳơ ǺǷ ǾǈǇƗ ƾǸƬǇơ
ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÏÓ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ .ƨȈǷȂǰƷ ƨǸǜǻƘƥȁ ƨȈǰǴǷ ǶȈǇơǂŠ ƧǁƽƢǏ ƶƟơȂǴƥ
śƬǘǴǈǳơ śƥ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǞǸŸȁ ."ƨǠȇǂǌǳơȁ ǪǧơȂƬȇ ƢŠ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǚǨŢ" ƨǳȁƾǳơ
ƨȈǸȈǴǠƬǳơȁ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơȁ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƨǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶǇǂƥ ǎƬźȁ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơȁ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
ȏƐ ƛ ƧǀǧƢǻ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ŐƬǠƫ ȏȁ .ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ ǞȈŦȁ ƨȈǟƢǧƾǳơȁ
.ƢȀȈǴǟ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ƨǬǧơȂǷ ƾǠƥ
ȃǁȂǌǳơȁ ǱƾǠǳơ ǅƢǇƗ ȄǴǟ ǵȂǬȇȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǺǷ ǾƬǘǴǇ Ƕǰūơ ƾǸƬǈȇȁ
ǆȈƟǁ ǺǷ ǆǴĐơ ǹȂǰƬȇȁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǭƢǼǿ "ȃǁȂǌǳơ ǆǴů" ƤǻƢƳ ńƛȁ .ƧơȁƢǈŭơȁ
ƨȈǸǼƬǳơ ƨǘƻ ƨǌǫƢǼǷ ǾƫƢǏƢǐƬƻơ ǶǿƗ ǺǷȁ .ǍƢǐƬƻȏơȁ ǶǴǠǳơȁ ƧŐŬơ ǲǿƗ ǺǷ ơƆȂǔǟ śƬǇȁ
Ʃơǁơǂǫ Ǟǧǂƫȁ .ƩơǃƢȈƬǷȏơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơȁ ƶƟơȂǴǳơȁ ƨǸǜǻȋơ ƨǇơǁƽȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ
ƾǠƥ ƢǿǁơƾǏƛ ǶƬȇ śǈǴĐơ ǂǜǻ ƢƬȀƳȁ ƪǬǨƫơ ǹƜǧ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǆȈƟǁ ńƛ ȃǁȂǌǳơ ǆǴů
.ǽơǂȇ ƢǷ ǁơǂǫƛ ǮǴǸǴǴǧ ǂǜǼǳơ ƢƬȀƳȁ ƪǼȇƢƦƫ ǹƛȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǮǴŭơ ƨǬǧơȂǷ
.ÎÖÔÒ ǵƢǠǳ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǶȈǜǼƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƨǴǬƬǈǷ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ (ƣ)
ǵƢǠǳơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ :śȈǈȈƟǁ śǸǈǫ ǺǷ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǹȂǰƬȇ
Ƨǁơǃȁ ƨȇǁơƽȍơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ śƬȈƷƢǼǳơ ǺǷ ǵƢǠǳơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ȄǴǟ ǥǂǌȇȁ .ȅǁơƽȍơ ƔƢǔǬǳơȁ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ .ȄǴǟȋơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǆǴů ǥơǂǋȍ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȈƷƢǼǳơ ǺǷ Ǟǔźȁ ǱƾǠǳơ
:ŅƢƬǳơ ȂƸǼǳơ ȄǴǟ ǵƢǠǳơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ Ŀ ǶǯƢƄơ ǹȂǰƬƫ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ
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ǺǷ ƧƢǔǬǳơȁ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ȄǴǟ ƢƆȈǧơǂǋƛ ƢǏƢǐƬƻơ ǱȁơǄȇ :ȄǴǟȋơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǆǴů Î

ƨǸƟơƾǳơ ǹƢƴǴǳơ ǽȏȂƬƫ ƢƆȈƟƢǔǫ ƢǏƢǐƬƻơ ǱȁơǄȇ ƢǸǯ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ ǱȐƻ
ǲưǷ ƧŚǘŬơ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ Ŀ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ƨǠƳơǂǷ Ŀ ǎƼǴƬȇȁ ǆǴƴǸǴǳ
.ǲƬǬǳơ
ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ ǲǰǌƬƫȁ .ƨǏƢƻ ǂƟơȁƽȁ ƨǷƢǟ ƨƠȈǿ ǺǷ ǹȂǰƬƫ :ǄȈȈǸƬǳơ ƨǸǰŰ Ï
:ȆǴȇ ƢŠ ǎƬţȁ ƧƢǔǬǳơ ǞȈŦ ǺǷ
.ǪƥƢǇ ƽƢȀƬƳơ Ǻǟ ǄȈȈǸƬǳơ ƨǸǰŰ ǂƟơȁƽ ǺǷ ƧǂƟơƽ Ǳȁƾǟ Ŀ ǂǜǼǳơ
ǂǜǼƫ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƨǸǜǻȋơ ǺǷ ǽŚǣ ȁƗ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǵƢǜǻ ǎǼȇ Ŗǳơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ
.ǄȈȈǸƬǳơ ƨǸǰƄ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ ƢȀȈǧ
ƧǂƟơƽȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ Ŀ ǂǜǼǴǳ ƧǂƟơƽ :ƢȀǼǷ ǂƟơȁƽ Ƨƾǟ ǺǷ ƧŚƻȋơ ǽǀǿ ǹȂǰƬƫȁ
.ƨȈǫȂǬūơ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ Ŀ ǂǜǼǴǳ ƧǂƟơƽȁ ƨȈǐƼǌǳơ ǱơȂƷȋơ ƢȇƢǔǫ Ŀ ǂǜǼǴǳ
ƧŚǘŬơ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ ơƾǟ ƢǷ ƧƢǔǫ ƨƯȐƯ Ǻǟ ǄȈȈǸƬǳơ ƨǸǰŰ Ŀ ǂƟơȁƾǳơ Ʃơǁơǂǫ ǁƾǐƫȁ
.ƧƢǔǫ ƨǈŨ Ǻǟ ǁƾǐƫ Ŗǳơ ǲƬǬǳƢǯ
ǲǐǨǳƢƥ ǶǯƢƄơ ǽǀǿ ǎƬţȁ ǂưǯƗ ȁƗ ƾƷơȁ ǑƢǫ ǺǷ ǹȂǰƬƫ :ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ Ð
ȁƗ ŃƢǜŭơ ǹơȂȇƽ ǍƢǐƬƻơ ǺǷ Ȃǿ ƢǷ ȏƛ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơȁ ƩƢǟǃƢǼŭơ ƨǧƢǯ Ŀ
ŘưƬǈȇȁ ƽǂǧ ǑƢǫ Ǻǟ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ Ŀ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǁƾǐƫȁ .ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ǶǯƢƄơ
ǵƢǜǻ ƢǿƽƾŹ Ŗǳơ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ ǲƬǬǳƢǯ ƧŚǘŬơ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷ
.ƧƢǔǫ ƨƯȐƯ Ǻǟ ǁƾǐƬǧ ƔƢǔǬǳơ
ƧƽƾŰ ƩƢǏƢǐƬƻơ ƢŮȁ ƽǂǧ ǑƢǫ ǺǷ ǶǯƢƄơ ǽǀǿ ǹȂǰƬƫ :ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ǶǯƢƄơ Ñ
.ƩƢǠǧơǂŭơ ǵƢǜǻ ǺǷ ǹȂƯȐưǳơȁ ƨȇƽƢūơ ƧƽƢŭơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪǐǻ
ƩơǁơǂǬǳơ ǪȈƦǘƬƥ ǦǴǰǷ Ȃǿȁ" ƨȈǻƾŭơ ǩȂǬƸǴǳ ƤƬǰǷ" ÎÖÕÖ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƞǌǻƗȁ
ƨǴǷƢǠǷ ǹƗ ǺǷ ǪǬƸƬȇ ǹƗ Ǿǳ ƢǸǯ ȆǗƢȈƬƷȏơ ǆƦūơȁ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƛ ǁǂǬȇ ǹƗ Ǿºǳȁ ƨȈǳƾǠǳơ
.ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǶƬƫ śǷȂǰƄơ
ƨǸǯƢƄơ ŚǇ ǶǜǼȇ ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩƢǸǯƢƄơ ǱȂǏȋ ƾȇƾƳ ǹȂǻƢǫ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ǁƾǏȁ
ǹƢǯ ǹƗ ƾǠƥ ȃȁƢǟƾǳơ ƨǧƢǯ Ŀ ơƆǄƟƢƳ ǝƢǧƾǳơ ȆǷƢŰ ǁȂǔƷ ƶƦǏƗ ǾƦƳȂŠȁ ƢǿƽƾŹȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ
.ƨȇǁƢƴƬǳơȁ ƨȈǻƾŭơ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ Ŀ ơƆǁȂǐŰ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁȁƾǐƥ ÏÍÍÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋÔ Ŀ ƨƻǁƚŭơ (S/2007/67 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ƨƠȈǿ ǶȈǜǼƫ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ȆǔǬȇ ȅǀǳơ ºǿ ÎÑÏÓ ǹƢƦǠǋ Õ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ (ÏÍÔ)
ƩƢȀŪơ ƨǠƥƢƬǷ" ƨǈǷƢŬơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ð ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǸƦǈƷ ƢȀǏƢǐƬƻơ ǺǷ ǹȂǰȇȁ
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‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‐ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬
ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬū ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǺǷ ƢȀǐź ƢǷ ǪȈƦǘƬǳ ƨȈǷȂǰūơ
." ƢǿǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǮǴƫ ƿƢţơ ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǳơȁ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠǷƢƳȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨǸǜǼǷ Ŀ ǆǇƚǷ Ȃǔǟ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơȁ
ƢƆǧƾǿ ƧŚƻȋơ ƨǴƷǂŭơ Ŀ ƪǻƢǯȁ .ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴůȁ
ƾƦǟ Ǻƥ ǦȇƢǻ ŚǷȋơ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ǂǯƿ ƢǸƦǈƷȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǺǷ ƽƾǠǳ
ńƛ Ò ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ Ŀ ǑƢȇǂǳơ Ŀ ƾǬǟ ȅǀǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ ǵƢǷƗ ǾƬǸǴǯ Ŀ ǄȇǄǠǳơ
śƥ ƢǷ ƢȈǷơǂƳƛ ƢƆƯƽƢƷ ÏÏ śȈǓƢŭơ śǷƢǠǳơ ǱȐƻ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƩƾȀǋ" ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ
ƨƥƢǏƛȁ ǶȈǬǷȁ ǺǗơȂǷ śƥ ƢǷ ƢƆǐƼǋ ÖÍ ǲƬǬǷ Ǯǳƿ Ǻǟ ƲƬǻ ƾǫȁ ǥƢǘƬƻơȁ ƔơƾƬǟơȁ ŚƴǨƫ
ǲƬǫ śƷ Ŀ ÏÎÐ ǶȀǼǷ ƤȈǏƗȁ ƢƆǐƼǋ ÐÖ ǺǷȋơ ǱƢƳǁ ǺǷ ƾȀǌƬǇơ ƢǸǼȈƥ ǍƢƼǋƗ ÒÍÔ
Ŀ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ǂƟƢǈŬơ ƩǃȁƢš ƢǸǯ .ÎÔ ǶȀǼǷ ƤȈǏƗȁ ƢƆǐƼǋ ÖÏ ƨǳƢǔǳơ ƨƠǨǳơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ
ÒÏ ǕƢƦƷƛ ǺǷ ƨǷǃƢūơ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƽȂȀŪơ ƪǼǰŤȁ ȅƽȂǠǇ ǱƢȇǁ ǁƢȈǴǷ ƩƖǌǼŭơȁ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ
."ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơȁ Ƶơȁǁȋơ Ŀ ǂƟƢǈƻ ǝȂǫȁ ǹȁƽ ƪǳƢƷ ƨȈǫƢƦƬǇơ ƩƢƥǂǔƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨȈǴǸǟ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ

ǾȈǧ Ʃǂǯƿ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱȂƷ ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǟ ƢƆǻƢȈƥ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ƔƢǸǴǠǳơ ǁƢƦǯ ƨƠȈǿ ƩǁƾǏƗ
ǺǯƢǈŭơ ŚƴǨƫȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơȁ ƨǏƢŬơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƤǴǇȁ Ǒơǂǟȋơ ǭƢȀƬǻơȁ ƔƢǷƾǳơ ƨƷƢƦƬǇơ ǱƢǸǟƗ" ǹƗ
ƨǷǂū ǮƬǿ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ Ƣŭ śǸǴǈŭơ ǝƢŦƜƥ ƢƆǟǂǋ ƨǷǂŰ ƩƖǌǼŭơ Ƥȇǂţȁ ƩƢƦǯǂŭơȁ
ǅƢǼǳơ ƧƢȈƷȁ ǁơǂǬƬǇȏơȁ ǺǷȋơ ƩƢǷǂū ǮƬǿȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƩƢǷǂū ǮƬǿȁ ƨǷȂǐǠŭơ ǆǨǻȋơ
ǹơƾǴƦǳơ ǒǠƥ Ŀ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǮǴƫ ǺǷ ȃǂŸ ƢǷ ǹƗȁ "ǶȀǌȇƢǠǷȁ ǶȀǼǯƢǈǷ Ŀ śǼƠǸǘŭơ śǼǷȉơ
."ƧǂǘǨǳơȁ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǽƢƥƘƫ ǵơǂƳƛȁ ƽƢǈǧƛ ǒŰȁ" ȆǷơǂƳƛ ǲǸǟ Ȃǿ
ƨǴƷǂǷ ǀǼǷ ƣƢǿǁȎǳ Ƣǧƾǿ ƪǻƢǯ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǹƗ ǂǯǀǳơ Ǻǟ řǣȁ
ƪǻơƽƗ ƾǫȁ .ÎÖÕÍ ǵƢǟ ƨǷǂǰŭơ ƨǰǷ Ŀ Ǧȇǂǌǳơ ǵǂūơ ȄǴǟ ƔơƾƬǟȏơ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷȁ ƧǂǰƦǷ
ǞǓȁ ǲȈƦǇ Ŀ ƪǠǇȁ .ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǲǧƢƄơ ƨǧƢǯ Ŀ ǾǧơƾǿƗȁ ǽǁƾǐǷ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƢȀŷƗ ǺǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨǸǜǻȋơ
ƤǰƫǂǷ ŐƬǠȇ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǺǷ ǞƥƢǼǳơ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ȆƟƢǼŪơ ǵƢǜǼǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ •
ƾǫȁ .ǵơƾǟȍơ ńƛ ƢȀƬƥȂǬǟ ǲǐƫ Ŗǳơȁ "ƨƥơǂūơ ƾƷ" ƨŻǂŪ ƢƆǧǂƬǬǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂƳ
ºǿÎÑÍÖ/Î/ÎÏ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÎÑÕ Ƕǫǁ ƔƢǸǴǠǳơ ǁƢƦǯ ƨƠȈǿ ȃȂƬǧ ǍȂǐŬơ ơǀđ ƩǁƾǏ
Ŀ ƽƢǈǧȍơȁ ƤȇǂƼƬǳơ ǲǸǠƥ ǵƢǫ ǾǻƗ ƢƆǟǂǋ ƪƦƯ ǺǷ ȄǴǟ ǲƬǬǳơ ƨƥȂǬǟ ǪȈƦǘƬƥ ȆǔǬƫȁ
.ƾǬƬǠŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈǈǼŪơ ȁƗ ǆǼŪơ Ǻǟ ǂǜǼǳơ ǒǤƥ ƔƢȇǂƥȋơ ǲƬǫ ǵȐǇȍơ ǂǜƷ ƾǫȁ .Ǒǁȋơ
ƧƾǿƢǠǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƨǼȈƦŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ Ʊơǁƽƛ Ļ •
ǦȈǫȂƬǴǳ ƨƦƳȂŭơ ƧŚƦǰǳơ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ ǺǸǓ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ
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ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ơƆƽƢǼƬǇơ ‫ه‬ÎÑÏÐ/Ô/ÏÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ (ÎÏÑÒ) Ƕǫǁ ȅǁơǃȂǳơ ǁơǂǬǳơ Ŀ ƽǁơȂǳơ

.ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǵƢǜǻ ǺǷ (ÎÎÏ)
ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇȏ ƢȀǠŦ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ŚǧȂƫ Ŀ ȆǷơǂƳȍơ ǲǸǠǴǳ ƨȇŚǔƸƬǳơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǎƼǴƬƫ •
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ƣƢǰƫǁȏ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ ȁƗ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ Ŀ
ƢƆǬǧȁ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƽǁȁ Ƣŭ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
śǸǔƫ ƨȈǨȈǯ ǱȂƷ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǱơƚǇ ȄǴǟ ƽǂǳơ ǹƘǌƥ (S/2003/583) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǴǳ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƤƳȂŠ ƨǷǂĐơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ ƾȇƾƸƬǳơ ǾƳȁ ȄǴǟ ǵǂš ƢƆǷƢǰƷƗ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ
ȄǴǟ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǪȈƦǘƫ Ŀ ƾǼƬǈƫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǹƜǧ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩȏȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ
ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǺǷ (ƽ)ȁ (Ɨ) Ïȁ (ƽ)ȁ (ƣ) Î ƨȈǟǂǨǳơ ƩơǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƽǁȁƢǷ ńƛ ǶƟơǂŪơ
ǁƽƢǐǷ ǶǿƗ ǺǷ Ȇǿ ƨȈǻƕǂǬǳơ ǍȂǐǼǳơ ǹƗ ǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǵƢǰƷƘǧ .(ÏÍÍÎ)
Ǒǁȋơ Ŀ ƽƢǈǧȍơ ǺǷ ƢǿŐƬǠƫȁ ǞȇȁǂƬǳơȁ ǲƬǬǳơ ǶƟơǂƳ ŉǂŢ ȄǴǟ ǎǼƫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ
ƨƥơǂūơȁ .ǲƬǬǳơ ńƛ ǲǐƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ƾǋƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪƦǘƫ Ŗǳơ ƨƥơǂūơ ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǸǓ ǺǷ ƢǿƾǠƫȁ
ǮǨǇȁ ȄǓȂǨǳơ ƭơƾƷȍ ǵȐǇȍơ ǁơƽ Ŀ ƨƸǴǈǷ ƨǨƟƢǗ Ʊȁǂƻ Ȇǿ ƔƢȀǬǨǳơ ƵȐǘǏơ Ŀ
Ǻȇƾǳơ Ǯǳǀƥ ƨȇƾƸƬǷ ǲǈǼǳơȁ ƭǂūơ ǭȐǿƛȁ Ǒơǂǟȋơ ǮƬǿȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƤǴǇȁ ƔƢǷƾǳơ
.ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ǵƢǜǼǳơȁ ǩȐƻȋơȁ
ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƔƢǼưƬǇƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ
ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƽǁơȂǳơ ȂƸǼǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ŉǂš ǩƢǘǻ ǺǷ Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫȁ ǂȇǂƸƬǳơ
Ǯǳƿ ǹƗ ǽȐǟƗ ǁȂǯǀŭơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ǂǯƿ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ (Ï) ƧƽƢŭơ
Ŀ ƢȀƟƢǌǻȍ śǈǸŬơ ȃǂǯǀǳơ Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǾƫƾǯƗȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦǷ ǞǷ ȄǋƢǸƬȇ
ǺǷ ǽŚǣȁ ǁƢǸǠƬǇȐǳ ƨǠǓƢŬơ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪƷ ńƛ ƧǁƢǋȍơ ǺǸǔƫ ƿƛ .(Ó/ÒÍ) Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơ
.ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ǁơǂǫƛȁ ǱȐǬƬǇȏơȁ Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ȁƗ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƧǂǘȈǈǳơ ǱƢǰǋƗ
ŐƬǠƫ ȏ ƨǬƦǘŭơ ŚȇƢǠŭơ ǹƗ (S/2004/884 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǪƷȐǳơ ȆǴȈǸǰƬǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƶǓȂȇȁ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ƢǷƗ .ȆǇƢȈǇ Ǟǧơƾƥ ƪƦǰƫǁơ Ȃǳȁ ŕƷ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ƨǤƦǏ Ʃơƿ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ȁƗ ÎÐÔÐ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǺǷ (Ƶ) Ï ƨȈǟǂǨǳơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ
ƢĔƗ ȄǴǟ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǂǜǼȇ ȏ ǾǻƜǧ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǸǫȁ ǞǼŠ ƨǴǐƬŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩȏȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ
ƢŠ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ Ǟǧơȁƾƥ ƪǻƢǯ Ȃǳȁ ŕƷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǶƟơǂƳ ƢǿŐƬǠƫ ƮȈƷ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ǶƟơǂƳ
.ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ȄǴǟ ƱȁǂŬơ ǵƾǟ Ŀ ƨƦǣǂǳơ ƾǯƚȇ
Ȑ
Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǺǷ ǵƾǬŭơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƨǷȂǰƷ ǹƗ (S/AC.37/2003/1455/42 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÎÖÖÖ)ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƪƥơȂưǳơ ȄǴǟ ƾǯƚƫ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ
.ǾǧơƾǿƗȁ ǽǁƾǐǷ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ƨǧƢǰƥ ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ƢȀƦƴǋȁ ƢȀƬǻơƽƛȁ ƾȇƾǌǳơ ƢȀǔǧǁ
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ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƾǓ ƨǳȁǀƦŭơ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ Ŀ ƨȈǳƢǠǨƥ ƢȀǷƢȀǇƛȁ ƢȀǷƢǸǔǻơȁ ƢĔȁƢǠƫ

.ǾǴȇȂŤȁ
.ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǴǳ ƢǿǀȈǨǼƫȁ ƢȀǷơǄƬǳơ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ" ńƛ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƢȀƬǷƾǫ Ŗǳơ ƨǫǁȂǳơ Ʃǂǯƿȁ
ƩƢǇơǁƾǳơ ǹƗ ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ ńƛ Ò ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ Ŀ ǑƢȇǂǳơ Ŀ ƽȂǬǠŭơ" ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƨǠȈƦǗ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǴƄơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢƦƦǈŭơ ǺǷ ƨǴŦ Ƕǯơǂƫ ńƛ ǲǏȋơ Ŀ ǞƳǂȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƗ ƩƾǯƗ
ǅƘȈǳơȁ ǲǷȋơ ƨƦȈş ǁȂǠǌǴǳ ƨǏƢƻ ƣƢƦǌǳơ ƪǠǧƽ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳơȁ ƨȈǧƢǬƯȁ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫơȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ
ƣƢƦǌǳơ Ɣȏƚǿ ǲȇȂŢ Ŀ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơȁ ƨǳƢǔǳơ ƩƢƠǨǳơ ǒǠƥ ǾƬǴǤƬǇơ ȅǀǳơ ǂǷȋơ Ȃǿȁ
ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪƦǳƢǗȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ǲƬǬǳơȁ ǥǂǘƬǴǳ Ȃǟƾƫ ƨǴǴǔǷ ǁƢǰǧƗ ǂǌǻ Őǟ ƨƫȂǫȂǷ ǲƥƢǼǫ ńƛ
Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǁȁƽ ǲȈǠǨƫȁ ƨȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ Őǟ ƨȈǸǴǈǳơ ƩơǁƽƢƦǸǴǳ ƨȇȂǳȁȋơ ƔƢǘǟƜƥ
Ŀ ƩƢȈǻƢǰǷȍơ Ʃơƿ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǵƢȀǇƛ ƧƽƢȇǃ ǞǷ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǴǳ ơƆǁƾǐǷ ƢȀǨǏȂƥ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ
.ƮǳƢưǳơ ŃƢǠǳơ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢŶȍơ ƢȀůơǂƥ ǲȇȂŤ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Śƥơƾƫ Î
ÎÕ Ŀ ÐÖǶǫǁ ȆǰǴŭơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǵƢǜǻ ǁƾǏ

ǱƢǸǟȋơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (ƽ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ǖƥǁ ȅǀǳơ ÏÍÍÐǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ
Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǲƻƾȇ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛȁ .ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨŻǂŝ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ǪȈƦǘƫ ńƛ ƢƆǻƢȈƷƗ ǲǐȇ ȅǀǳơ ƨƥơǂūơ ƾƷ ƨǷƢǫƛ ǾȈǴǟ ƤƫǂƬȇ ƾǫ ƢŲ Ǒǁȋơ Ŀ ƽƢǈǧȍơ ƣƢƥ
ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪǫƽƢǏ ƾǫȁ .ǲƬǬǳơ ƨƥȂǬǟ
ƪǐǻ śƬǴǳơ ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ȄǴǟȁ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ȁƗ ǲȇȂŤ ȁƗ ǶȈǜǼƫ ǵƾǠƥ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƾȀǠƫ ȄǴǟ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƢǸȀǼǷ ǲǯ
ƨǠǫȂŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǹƗ ƢǸǯ ƨǰǴǸǸǴǳ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǺǸǓ ƢƬƸƦǏƗ ǹƢƬȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǹƢƫƢǿȁ
.ÏÍÍÔ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪǫĈƾǏ ƾǫȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ
ƨȈǼƥ ƢȀǠŦ ȁƗ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ƽǁơȂŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǱȂǏȋơ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ŚǧȂƬƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ
ǵƢǜǻ ǺǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (ƽ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ Ļ ƾǬǧ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǀȈǨǼƫ Ŀ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨƸƟȐǳơ ƩƾǯƗ ƢǸǯ .ƨǷǁƢǏ ƩƢƥȂǬǟ ƢŮ Ʃǁǂǫȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨŻǂƳ Ŀ ƱǁƾǼȇ
ƪƦǿƿ ƢǷ Ǫǧȁ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣȁ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǸǌȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǹƗ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ơǀŮ
řǠŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǫȇǂǧ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨǏƢŬơ ǞǈƬǳơ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ ǾȈǳƛ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǤƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍƢƥ
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ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǱȂǏȋơ ƾȈǸƴƬǳ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ǶƟơȂǬǳơ ǶȈǸǠƫ Ļ Ǿƫơƿ ǩƢȈǈǳơ Ŀȁ
ƨȇƗ ƽȂƳȁ ǱƢƷ Ŀ ǶƟơȂǬǳơ ǮǴƫ Ŀ ǶǿƙƢũƗ ƽǂƫ ǺǷ ǱȂǏƗ ƾȈǸƴƬǳ ƨȇǁȂǨǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƿƢţơȁ
Ŗǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ śƥ ǺǷȁ .ǶƟơȂǬǳơ ǮǴƫ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋȌǳ ƧƾǏǁƗ ȁƗ ƩƢƥƢǈƷ
ĺǂǠǳơ ƾǬǼǳơ ƨǈǇƚǷ Ǻǟ ǶȈǸǠƫ ǁƾǏ ÎÏÓÔ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǬǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ƣēǀţơ
ƨǏƢŬơ ǱȂǏȋơȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƾȈǸƴƬƥ ȆǔǬȇ ÎÖÖÖ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÏ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ
ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ǹƽȏ Ǻƥ ƨǷƢǇȋ ƽȂǠƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢƥƢǈūơ ƩƾŦ ƾǫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪǻƢǯȁ .ǹƢƦǳƢǘƥ
ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ǶƟơȂǬǳơ Ŀ ǶǿƙƢũƗ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƧƾǏǁƗ ƩƾŦ ƢǸǯ .Ǿƥ ƨǴǏ ȄǴǟ Ƕǿ Ǻŭȁ
ƩǁƾǏƗ ƾǫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪǻƢǯȁ .(ÏÍÍÍ) ÎÐÐÐ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǬǳ ơƽƢǼƬǇơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů Ǻǟ
ƩƢǸǜǼŭơȁ ƽơǂǧȋơ ƩƢƥƢǈƷ ƨǸƟƢǫ ȄǴǟ ǄƴūƢƥ ơƆǂǷƗ ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ
ǮǴƫ ǁȁƾǏ ǲƦǫȁ ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ȆǰȇǂǷȋơ ȆǇƢƟǂǳơ ǂǷȋơ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ
.ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǺǷ ƢȈũǁ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ
ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ǦȈǔȇȁ
ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ĺǂǠǳơ ƾǬǼǳơ ƨǈǇƚǷ ǹƗ (S/AC.37/2003/(1445)/42 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÎÖÖÖ) ÎÏÓÔ
ƨȈǳƢǷ ǱȂǏƗ ƽȂƳȁ ȃƾǷ Ǻǟ ǦǌǰǳƢƥ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ƨǴǷƢǠǳơ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ńƛ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƫ ƩǁƾǏƗ
ǶȀƬǫȐǟ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ǶƟơȂǫ Ŀ ǶǿƙƢũƗ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƩƢǻƢȈǰǳơȁ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơȁ ǍƢƼǋȌǳ
Ǻǟ Ǯǳƿ ǂǨǇƗ ƾǫȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ
ǮǴƫ Ŀ ǶǿƙƢũƗ Ʃƽǁȁ ƩƢǻƢȈǯȁ ǍƢƼǋƗ ƨǠƦǈǳ ƽȂǠƫ ƢƆƥƢǈƷ śǠƥǁƗȁ ƾƷơȁ ȄǴǟ Ǆƴūơ
.ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ǹƽȏ Ǻƥ ƨǷƢǇȋ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƩƢƥƢǈūơ ƾȈǸš Ļ ƢǸǯ ǶƟơȂǬǳơ
ƨǟȂǸů ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǤƥ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȎǳ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǫǂǧ Ŀ ơƆȂǔǟ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ŐƬǠƫȁ
ǲȇȂŤ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨƦǇƢǼŭơ ǖƥơȂǔǳơ ǞǓȁ Ŀ ǭǁƢǌƫȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
.ǪȇǂǨǳơ Ǯǳƿ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƢēơƔơǂƳƛ ǪǧơȂƫ ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǴǳ ŅƢŭơȁ Ŀǂǐŭơ ǝƢǘǬǴǳ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƫȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪǠǓȁȁ
:Ǯǳƿ ǺǷȁ ǽǀǿ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǫǂǧ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ ǞǷ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ
ǺǷ ƽƾǟ Ǻǟ śǴưŲ ǺǷ ƨǻĈȂǰǷ "ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǸƟơƽ ƨǼŪ" ƔƢǌǻƛ
Ŀ ƢǿǂǬǷ ǞǬȇȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǤƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǞȈǓơȂŭơ ƨǧƢǯ ƨǇơǁƾǳ ƨȈǷȂǰūơ ƩƢȀŪơ
.ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ĺǂǠǳơ ƾǬǼǳơ ƨǈǇƚǷ
ƽơƾǟƛȁ ƢȀǴȈǴŢȁ ƩƢǣȐƦǳơ ȆǬǴƫ ƢȀƬǸȀǷ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ Ŀ ƨȈǳƢǷ ƩƢȇǂŢ ƧƾƷȁ ƔƢǌǻƛ
.ƨȈǳƢŭơ Śǣȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǞȈŦ Ŀ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ Ǻǟ ǂȇǁƢǬƬǳơ
(ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ) ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ĺǂǠǳơ ƾǬǼǳơ ƨǈǇƚǷ Ŀ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩơƾƷȁ ƔƢǌǻƛ
Ŀ Ŀǂǐŭơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǱȐǤƬǇơ ǵƾǟ ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǳơ ƢȀƬǸȀǷ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈǴƄơ ǭȂǼƦǳơ Ŀȁ
ǹƗ ƨǈǇƚǸǴǳȁ .ǽƢƦƬǋȏơ ǱƢƷ Ŀ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǡȐƥƛȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ
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ǊȈƬǨƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƛ ƨȈƷȐǏ ƢŮ ǹƗ ƢǸǯ ƨȇǁȁǂǓ Ƣǿơǂƫ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȅƗ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǺǷ ƤǴǘƫ

.ǑǂǤǳơ ơǀŮ ǭȂǼƦǳơ Ŀ ƩȐƴǈǳơȁ ƩƢƥƢǈūơ ȄǴǟ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǵƢǜǻȁ ƾǟơȂǫ ǲȈǳƽ ǁơƾǏƛ
Ǯǳǀƥ ƩǁƾǏ ƾǫȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ Śǣȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ Ŀ "ǮǴȈǸǟ ǥǂǟƛ" ƗƾƦǷ ǪȈƦǘƫ
.ÏÍÍÐ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ Ñ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƨȇǁƢƴƬǳơ ǭȂǼƦǳơ Ŀ ƩƢƥƢǈƷ ƶƬǨǳ ƾǟơȂǫ
ǲǈǤƥ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȎǳ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǫǂǧ ǺǷ ǭǂƬǌŭơ ǶȈȈǬƬǴǳ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪǠǔƻ
Ŀ ǆȇǁƢƥ Ŀ ǪȇǂǨǳơ ǝƢǸƬƳơ ƔƢǼƯƗ ǶȈȈǬƬǳơ ƩǃƢƬƳơȁ ÏÍÍÐ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ Ŀ ǱơȂǷȋơ
.ÏÍÍÑ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ
ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ)
.(S/AC.37/2003/(1455)/42/ADD.1 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ (ÎÖÖÖ)
ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ‫ه‬ÎÑÏÍ/Î/ÎÔ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ƾǫȁ
ǵƢǟ Ŀ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǤƥ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȎǳ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǫǂǧ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ śǠƥǁȋơ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ
.ǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǞǓȂǷ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƢȀƬǠǓȁȁ ÎÖÖÖ
ǾǸȈǸǠƬǳ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƢƆȇƽƢǋǁƛ Ȑ
Ɔ Ȉǳƽ ƨǟƢǼǐǳơȁ ƧǁƢƴƬǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƩǁƾǏƗ ƢǸǯ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǼȀŭơȁ ƨȇǁƢƴƬǳơ ƩƢǟƢǘǬǳơ ȄǴǟ
ƗƾƦǷ ǪȈƦǘƫ ǲǸǌƫ ƪƸƦǏƗ ƮȈŞ ÏÍÍÐ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ Ŀ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ǽǀǿ ƮȇƾŢ Ļ ƾǫȁ
ƩƢȀŪơ ǺǷ Ƣđ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ Ǻǟ ǢȈǴƦƬǳơȁ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ ƨƦǫơǂǷȁ "ǮǴȈǸǟ ǥǂǟơ"
.ƩƢǣȐƦǳơ ǮǴƬƥ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ĺǂǠǳơ ƾǬǼǳơ ƨǈǇƚǷ ǁƢǠǋƛȁ ƨȈǼǷȋơ
ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁȁ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ĺǂǠǳơ ƾǬǼǳơ ƨǈǇƚǷ śƥ ƨƦǫơǂǷȁ ǱƢǐƫơ ƧƢǼǫ ƪƠǌǻƌƗȁ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ǒơǂǣȋ
ƨǘǴǈǴǳ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǵƢǜǻ ǺǷ Ƨǂǌǟ ƨưǳƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǐǻȁ
ȁƗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ƨǰǴǸŭƢƥ ƢȀǘƥǂƫ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǳȁƾƥ ƨǐƬű ƨǘǴǇ ȁƗ ƨǸǰŰ ǺǷ ƤǴǗ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ
ȁƗ ƩȐǐƸƬŭơ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ȄǴǟ ǚǨƸƬǳƢƥ ǂǷƘƫ ǹƗ ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠǸǴǳ ƢƆǠƦƫ ȁƗ ƨȇǁƢǇ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǷ ƾǠȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǹƗ ƢŠȁ .ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨŻǂŝ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ
ǾȈǧ ǂǜǼĄȇ ƢǷ ƨǳȁƽ ǺǷ ƤǴǗ ƽȁǁȁ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ǾǻƜǧ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǺǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (ƽ) ƧǂǬǨǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ
.ǽȐǟƗ ƧǁȂǯǀŭơ ǂǌǟ ƨưǳƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬǧȁ
ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǳơ ƾǼǟ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢȇǂƸƬǳơ ƧƾƷȂǳ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǺǷ Ƨǂǌǟ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ơƿƛȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ȄǴǟ ȆǜǨƸƬǳơ ǄƴūƢƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơ ǪȈǬƸƬǳƢƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȀŪơ ǺǷ ƤǴǘƫ ǹƗ ƨȀƦǌǳơ
." ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǸǰƄơ ǺǷ ȆƟƢǔǫ ǂǷƘƥ ǹȂǰȈǧ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷ ǱȂǗƗ Ƨƾŭ Ǆƴūơ ǁơǂǸƬǇơ ǂǷȋơ ȄǔƬǫơ
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ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ï
ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ǞǼŭ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƧǂƴŮơ ƾǏǂƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ƾǟơȂǫ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǪƦǘƫ
œǼƳȋơ ƽȂƳȁ ǹȂǰȇ ǹƘƥ ƨǰǴǸŭƢƥ ƨǷƢǫȍơ ǵƢǜǻ ȆǔǬȇȁ .ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ńƛ ǱȂƻƾǳơ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ǮǴƫ ǦǳƢź ǺǷ ƽƢǠƥƛ Ŀ Ǫūơ ƨǳȂű ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơȁ .ƨǟȁǂǌǷ ƧƽƾŰ ƨǸȀŭ
.ǱȂƻƾǳơ ǺǷ ǾǠǼǷȁ
(ÎÖÔÑ ǵƢǠǳ) ƽȁƾūơ ǺǷƗ ǵƢǜǼǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ ƽȁƾūơ ǅǂū ǹȂǰȇ Ǿƫơƿ ǩƢȈǈǳơ Ŀȁ
ƨȇǂƸƦǳơȁ ƨȇŐǳơ ƨȇƽȁƾūơ ǪǗƢǼŭơ Ŀ ǹȁƾƳơȂƬȇ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƨƦǫơǂǷ ƩƢȈƷȐǏ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǾƬƸƟȏȁ
ƨǈǷƢŬơȁ ƨǠƥơǂǳơ ǹƢƫǂǬǨǳơ) .ǶȀǧơƾǿƗȁ ǶǿƽȂƳȁ ƨȈǟȁǂǌǷ ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǳơȁ ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞǷ
.(ƨǈǷƢŬơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƾǫȁ
ƩǁƾǏƗ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǹƗ (S/2007/67 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ÏÍÍÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ô ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ
Ƣǿǂǌǻ Ļȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ȄǴǟ śǓǂŰ ƪǼǸǔƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƢȇƢǔǫ Ŀ śƥȂǴǘŭơ ƔƢũƘƥ ƨȈǴƻơƽ ǶƟơȂǫ
.ƧƔȁǂǬŭơȁ ƨǟȂǸǈŭơȁ ƨȈƟǂŭơ ǵȐǟȍơ ǲƟƢǇȁ Őǟ
ǶȀȈǧ ƣȂǣǂŭơ Śǣ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ȁƗ ǺȇǂǧƢǈŭơ Ʊȁǂƻ ȁƗ ǱȂƻƽ ǞǼŭ ǖƥơȂǓ ǞǓȁ Ļȁ
ǂȇȁǄƬǳơ ƩȏƢŞ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩơǁƢǨǈǳơ ǁƢǠǋƛ ǶƬȇȁ .ƧǁȁǄǷ ǂǨǇ ǪƟƢƯȂƥ
ƨǰǴǸǸǴǳ ǱȂƻƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ Ŀ ƧǁȁǄǷ ǂǨǇ ǪƟƢƯȁ ǵƾƼƬǈȇ ƢǿƢȇƢǟǁ ƾƷƗ ǖƦǔƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ śƷ
Ʈƥ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓƛ ǂȇȁǄƬǳơ ǱƢǸǟƘƥ ǵȂǬƫ Ŗǳơ ƤƫƢǰŭơ ǺȇȁƢǼǟȁ ƔƢũƘƥ ƢǿƾȇȁǄƫȁ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ƧŚǋƘƫȁ ǂǨǈǳơ ǪƟƢƯȁ ǎƸǧ ǱƢů Ŀ ƢȇȂǼǇ ƨȈƦȇǁƾƫ Ʃơǁȁƽ ǶǜǼĄƫȁ .ǁȁǄŭơ ǂǨǈǳơ ǃơȂƳ
ǀǧƢǼǷȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩơǁƢǘŭơ Ʃƽȁǃ ƾǫȁ ƨȇǂƸƦǳơȁ ƨȇȂŪơȁ ƨȇŐǳơ ǀǧƢǼŭơ Ŀ śǴǷƢǠǴǳ ǱȂƻƾǳơ
ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ȅǂŸ ƢǸǯ ǂȇȁǄƬǳơ Ǧǌǰǳ ƧǄȀƳƗ ƭƾƷƗ ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƞǻơȂŭơȁ ƨȇŐǳơ ǱȂƻƾǳơ
ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơȁ ǂȇȁǄƬǳơ ƢȇƢǔǫ Ŀ śƥȂǴǘŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơȁ ƧƽȂǬǨŭơ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƩơǃơȂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ
Ŀ ƨǷƾƼƬǈŭơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơȁ ƢǿǂǨǇ ƩơǃơȂŪ ƨưȇƾūơ ƩƢǨǏơȂŭơ ȄǴǟ ǥǂǠƬǳơ Ŀ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǒǠƥ
.ƢŮ ǑǂǠƬƫ ƾǫ Ŗǳơ ǂȇȁǄƬǳơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
ƨǸǐƦǳơ ǵơƾƼƬǇƢƥ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼŭơ Ŀ ȅǂƬǷȂȈƦǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǪȈƦǘƫ ǵƾǬƫ ƢǷ ńƛ ǥƢǔȇ
ƨƦǫơǂǷ ǵƢǜǼƥ Ǿǘƥǁȁ ƨǫȁǂǈŭơ ȁƗ ƧƽȂǬǨŭơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ ǵƢǜǻ ƲǷƢǻǂƥ ǪȈƦǘƫȁ ǺȇǂǧƢǈǸǴǳ ƨȈǻȁǂƬǰǳȍơ
ǪƟƢƯȁ Ǻǟ ȅǂƸƬǳơȁ ƮƸƦǴǳ ǵƢǜǼƥ Ȑ Ɔ ƦǬƬǈǷ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǖƥǁ ƨȈǻƢǰǷƛ ƨǇơǁƽ ǞǷ ƤǻƢƳȋơȁ ƽȁƾūơ
.ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǗǂǌǳơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ȃƾǳ ƧƽȂǬǨŭơ ǂǨǈǳơ ǪƟƢƯȁ ƲǷƢǻǂƥ Ŀ ƧƽȂǬǨŭơ ǂǨǈǳơ
ƤǳƢǗ ȅȋ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ǪƷ ƶǼǷ ǲƦǫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǵǄƬǴƫ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ ǺǷ ƢǫȐǘǻơȁ
ȅƘƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ǾǳȂƷ ƩƢȀƦǋ ȁƗ ȃȁƢǟƽ ȅƗ ƽȂƳȁ ǵƾǟȁ ǾǨǫȂǷ ƨǷȐǇ ǺǷ ǪǬƸƬǳƢƥ Ǿǳ
ƶǼǷ ǹƗ ƢǸǯ ǵǂĐơ ƔơȂȇƛ ƶȇǂǐǳơ ǎǼǳƢƥ ǵǂŢ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǹȋ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǶƟơǂƳ ȁƗ ǱƢǸǟƗ
ǺǷ ƽơƾǟƗ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿ ƶǔƬȇ ƢǸǯ ƧƽƾŰ ƩȏƢƷ Ŀ ȏƐ ƛ ǶƬȇ ȏ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƞƳȐǳơ ƨǨǏ
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ƪǸǔǻơ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǹƜǧ Ǯǳƿ Ǻǟ Ȑǔǧȁ .ƢƆȈǳƢƷ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ Ǫūơ ơǀđ ǹȂǠƬǸƬȇ
Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȐǳ
.ȆǇƢȈǇ Ǟǧơƾƥ ƪǻƢǯ Ȃǳȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǩƢǘǻ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƾǠƦƬǈȇ ƢŷȐǯȁ
ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð

ƧƽƾǌǷ ơƆƽȂȈǫ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǾƬƸƟȏȁ ÎÖÕÎ ǵƢǟ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǻ ǞǓȁ
ƢēǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ ƢȀǠȈƥ ȁƗ ƢǿƽơŚƬǇơ ȁƗ ǁƢȈǤǳơ Ǟǘǫ ȁƗ ƩơƾǠŭơ ȁƗ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ƨǟƢǼǏ ȄǴǟ
.(ǹȁǂǌǠǳơȁ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ) .ƢȀǴǬǻ ȁƗ ƢȀƟƢǼƬǫơ ȁƗ ƢŮȁơƾƫ ȁƗ
ǺǷ ǪƷ Ŀ ƨǼǇ śƯȐƯ ƧƾǷ Ǻƴǈǳơ ńƛ ǲǐƫ ƾǫ ƨǟƽơǁ ƩƢƥȂǬǟ ȄǴǟ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǎǻȁ
ǹƗ ńƛ ǁƢǌȇȁ .ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǲƻơƽ ńƛ ƢǿǂƟƢƻƿ ǺǷ ȁƗ ƢȀǼǷ ƢƆǠǘǫ ȁƗ ƨȇƽǂǧ ȁƗ ƨȈƥǂƷ ƨƸǴǇƗ ƣǂȀȇ
ǾƬƸƟȏȁ ÎÖÕÎ ǵƢǟ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǻ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƨǟƽơǂǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ
.ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ ǾƦǋ ƩƢǟƢŦ ƽȂƳȁ ǵƾǟ ȄǴǟ ƩƾǟƢǇ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ
ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ǂǜƷ ƢȀǷƢǰƷƗ Ŀ ƪǼǸǔƫ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƨƸƟȏ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƩǁƾǏƗ
Ƕǟƽ ǞǼŭ Ǯǳƿȁ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƱǁƢƻ ƩơƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫ
.ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ƨǸǟơƾǳơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǒǠƥ
ƪǐǻ ƨȇŚŬơ ǑơǂǣȌǳ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞŦ ǶǜǼƫ ƨƸƟȏ ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǟ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƩǁƾǏƗ ƾǫȁ
ǺǷ ǎȈƻơǂƫ ƤƳȂŠ ȏƛ ƨƠȈǿ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋƗ ƨǟȂǸů ȁƗ ǎƼǋ ȅƗ ǺǷ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞŦ ǂǜƷ ȄǴǟ
ǥǂǐƬǳơ ƨȈǨȈǯ ƾȇƾŢȁ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷ ǑǂǤǳơ ƶȈǓȂƫ ƾǠƥȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲȇȂŢ ȄǴǟ ơƆƽȂȈǫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǑǂǨƫ ƢǸǯ .ƢȀȈǴǟ śǸƟƢǬǳơ ƔƢũƗȁ ǦƟƢǛȁȁ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǮǴƬƥ
ǞǸŪ ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƨǬǧơȂǷ Ǯǳǀǳ ƪǗǂƬǋơȁ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƱǁƢƻ ńƛ ƨȇŚƻ Ǒơǂǣȋ ƢȀǠŦ ǶƬȇ Ŗǳơ
.ƢȀȈǧ ǵƾƼƬǈƫ ǥȂǇ Ŗǳơ Ǒơǂǣȋơ ƨǷȐǇ ǺǷ ǪǬƸƬǳơ ƾǠƥ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ
ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ƨƸƟȐǳ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭƢƥ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ Ǟǔţȁ
ƨƸƟȐǳ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƾǟơȂǬǳơȁ ÎÖÖÍ ǵƢǟ (ÎÍÔ) Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǬƥ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȇŚŬơ
ƢǿƢǔƬǬŠ ńȂƬƫȁ ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǟ (ÔÓÍ) Ƕǫǁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ǁơǂǬƥ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ
ǀȈǨǼƫ ƨƦǫơǂǷȁ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ȄǴǟ ǥơǂǋȍơ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ
ƢǿǂƫƢǧƽ ȄǴǟ ǝȐǗȏơ Ǯǳƿ ǲȈƦǇ Ŀ ƢŮȁ ƢǿƢǔƬǬŠ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƨƸƟȐǳơ ǽǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ
ƩƢǻƢȈƥ ȁƗ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȅƗ ŉƾǬƫ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ȄǴǟȁ ƢȀǗƢǌǻȁ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ǲǸǠƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƢēȐƴǇȁ
ƱǁƢƻ ƩơƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǽǀǿ ȄǴǟ ǂǜŹȁ .ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ƢȀƦǴǘƫ ȃǂƻƗ ƩơƾǼƬǈǷ ȁƗ
.ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƱǁƢƻ ƨȇŚƻ ƩƢȀƳ ƨȇƗ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ
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ÏÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ "ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƨȇŚŬơ ǱƢǸǟȋơȁ ƨƯƢǣȎǳ ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ" ƪƠǌǻƌƗ ƾǫȁ
Ŀ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨƯƢǣȍơȁ ƨȇŚŬơ ǱƢǸǟȌǳ ƨǠƥƢƬŭơȁ ǥơǂǋȍơ ƨȈǴǸǟ ńȂƬƬǳ ÏÍÍÑ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ
ƧǂǋƢƦǷ ƢȀǼǷ ǺȇƾȈǨƬǈŭơ ńƛ ƨȈǻƢǈǻȍơ ƩơƾǟƢǈŭơ ǱȂǏȁ ǹƢǸǓ ńƛ ǥƾēȁ ƱǁƢŬơ
.ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ǂȇǃȁ Ƣēǁơƽƛ ǆǴů ǅƗǂȇȁ ǖǬǧ ƢŮ ƪǐǐƻ Ŗǳơ ǑơǂǣȌǳȁ
ǺǷ ǂǌǟ ȅƽƢūơ ƭơƾƷƗ ƔȂǓ ȄǴǟ ǾǻƜǧ "ƩƢǟŐƬǴǳ ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳƢƥ" ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ƢǷƗ
ǖǬǧ ƨȈǼȈǠǳơ ƩơƾǟƢǈŭơ Ŀ ƱǁƢƼǴǳ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞŦ ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƩǂǐƷ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ
ƩƢȀƳ ǞǷ ƾǫƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǵȂǬƫ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǹƜǧ ǅǁơƾŭơȁ ƩƢȈǨǌƬǈŭƢǯ ƨȈƟƢŶȍơ ǞȇǁƢǌŭƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ
.ǖȈǇȁ ǹȁƽ ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǺǷ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ ƢŮ ǢǳƢƦŭơ ǥǂǐƫȁ ƧƽƾŰ ŚȇƢǠǷ Ǫǧȁ ƢȀƟƢǌǻȍ ƨǐƬű
ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ò

ǶƟơǂƳ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǶƟơǂŪơȁ ƩƢǟǃƢǼŭơ ǞȈŦ Ŀ ǲǐǨǳƢƥ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ǶǯƢƄơ ǎƬţ
ǺǷ (ÏÓ) ƧƽƢŭơȁ ǶǰƸǴǳ ȆǇƢǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǺǷ (ÑÖ) ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƢȀȈǧ ǝȁǂǌǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ǮǴƫ Ŀ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƢȀǷƢǜǼǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǵƢǠǳơ ƔƢǟƽȍơȁ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƨƠȈǿ ńȂƬƫȁ .ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǵƢǜǻ
.ǶǯƢƄơ ǵƢǷƗ ƢĔƘǌƥ ƔƢǟƽȍơȁ
ȄǓơǁƗ ƱǁƢƻ ƭƾŢ Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋ ƽơƾǟȍơ ȁƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥȁ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ śƥ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȐǳ Ǟǔź ƢȀȈǧ ƪƦǳơ ǹƜǧ ƨǰǴǸŭơ
ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ƱǁƢƻ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƣƢǰƫǁƢƥ ȅƽȂǠǇ ǺǗơȂǷ ǵƢǫ ơƿƛȁ .ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ
ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȐǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǾǸȈǴǈƬƥ ƨƦǳƢǘŭơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ȄǴǟ ǹƜǧ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƱǁƢƻ ơƆƾƳơȂƬǷ ǹƢǯȁ
ǾǻƜǧ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǲƻơƽ ǺǗơȂŭơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ƢǷƗ .ǾƬǸǯƢƄ ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞǷ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ
.ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ Ǿƥ ǱȂǸǠŭơ ǵƢǜǼǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƘƥ ǾǷƢȈǫ ƪƦƯ ŕǷ ǶǯƢƸĄȇ
ƱǁƢƻ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƗ Ƥǰƫǁơ ơƿƛ ǾƬǸǯƢƸŠ ƨƦǳƢǘŭơ ƨǰǴǸǸǴǳ ǆȈǳ ǾǻƜǧ ǶȈǬŭơ ƢǷƗ
ƽƢǟȁ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƱǁƢƻ ƨŻǂŪơ ǶȈǬŭơ Ƥǰƫǁơ ơƿƛ śƷ Ŀ .ƢȀȈǼǗơȂǷ ǺǷ ǆȈǳ ǽǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ƨǰǴǸŭơ
ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ǾǸȈǴǈƫ Ŀ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǂǜǼƫ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǳȁƽ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ Ǿƥ ƨƦǳƢǘŭơ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ǾǻƜǧ ƢȀȈǳƛ
.ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨǰǴǸŭơ śƥ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȐǳ
ȆǰǴǷ ǂǷƘƥ ƨǐǐƼƬǷ ǶǯƢŰ ƔƢǌǻƛ ǃȂŸ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǵƢǜǻ ǺǷ ÏÓ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
."ȄǴǟȋơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǆǴů ƵơǂƬǫơ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ
ǶƟơǂƳȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ ǶƟơǂƳ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǵƢǜǻ ǝȁǂǌǷ Ŀ ǁƢƦƬǟȏơ Ŀ ǂǷȋơ ơǀǿ ǀƻƌƗ ƾǫȁ
ǶȀƬŭơ œǼƳȌǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ Ƣēơƿ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ȃǂǈƫȁ .ƢƆȈǳƢƷ ǽƽơƾǟƜƥ ƨǐƬű ƨǼŪ ǵȂǬƫ ȅǀǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
.ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƱǁƢƻ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƣƢǰƫǁƢƥ
ƨȈǳȁƽȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫƛȁ ƨȈƟƢǼƯ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ Ƨƾǟ Ŀ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪƸƦǏƗ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
.ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳơ ǱƢů Ŀ ȃǂƻȋơ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƩơƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƬƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ
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ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽȁ ƨǰǴǸŭơ śƥ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫȁ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ƢȀǼǷȁ
ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ǑƢȇǂǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƾǳ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ
śƥ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǾƳȁƗ ƾȇƾƸƬǳ Ȑ Ɔ ǬƬǈǷ ƢƆǟǂǧ ƪǐǐƻ Ŗǳơ ÎÖÖÕ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ
ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơȁ ÎÖÖÖ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ Ǟǈƫȁ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ó
ƨǧƢǯ ǹȁƢǠƫ ƤƳȂƬǈȇ ƧŚǘƻ ƨȈŭƢǟ ƧǂǿƢǛ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƗ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ȃǂƫ
Ŗǳơ ƩơŚƴǨƬǳơ ƭơƾƷƗ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǵƢǟ ŖǨǷ ǹơƽƗ ƾǫȁ .ƧǂǿƢǜǳơ ǽǀǿ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ŀ ƢȀǼǷƢǔƫȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ
ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǮǴƫ ǆǼƳ ǺǷ ǹƢǯ ƢǷ ǹƗ ƾǯƗȁ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǟ ƨȈǰȇǂǷȋơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƩƢȇȏȂǳơ Ŀ ƪǠǫȁ
ȆǤƦǳơȁ ǶǴǜǳơ ǺǷ ƣǂǓ ȏƛ Ȃǿ ƢǷ ǪƷ ŚǤƥ ǆǨǻƗ ǲƬǫ ȁƗ śǼǷȉơ Ǟȇȁǂƫȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ Ǧǘƻ ǺǷ
.ƣȂǻǀǳơ ǂƟƢƦǯ ǺǷȁ ƨǷǂŰ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǽǀǿ ǹƗȁ ǵȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǋ ǽǂǬƫ ȏ ȅǀǳơ
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƽȂȀŪơ Ŀ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǭǁƢǌƫȁ
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ȄǴǟ ƪǫĈƾǏ ƾǫȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬

:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ȄǴǟ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪǫĈƾǏ
ǞǓȁ Ŀ ƪǯǁƢǋ ǲƦǫ ǺǷȁ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
ƨǧǂǠŠ ƩƾǟƌƗ Ŗǳơ ȁ ÎÖÖÓ ǵƢǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ
.ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴĐ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨǻƢǷȋơ
ǲƦǫ ǺǷȁ ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ
ƨǸǜǼǷ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǭȂǴǈǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ ƨǻȁƾǷ ȄǴǟ ƪǫĈƾǏ
.ÎÖÖÒ ǵƢǟ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ƨǸǬǳơ ǂŤƚǷ Ŀ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ
ǺǷȁ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ
ƣȂƸǐŭơ ǥǂǘƬǳơ ƧǂǿƢǛ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƧƾƷȂŭơ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ȄǴǟ ƪǫĈƾǏ ǲƦǫ
.ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƾǳ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬

:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪǫĈƾǏ
49
ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ŔǷ ȄǴǟ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ȃǂƻȋơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǒǠƥȁ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

ŐǸǧȂǻ /ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÎ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ (ÎÖÓÐ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÎÑ ȂȈǯȂǗ)
.ÎÖÓÖ
/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÓ ȅƢǿȏ) ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
.ÎÖÔÑ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÎÑ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÔÍ ŐǸǈȇƽ
ÏÐ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ) ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ð
.ÎÖÔÑ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÎÑ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÔÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ
ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ñ
ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÔÐ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯÎÑ) ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨƦǫƢǠŭơȁ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ
.ÏÍÍÑ ǅǁƢǷ/ ǁơƿƕ Î Ŀ
Ļ (ÎÖÔÖ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯÎÔ) ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ò
.ÎÖÖÎǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯ Õ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ
ƾȈǫ (ÎÖÔÖ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÓ Ŀ ƢǼȈȈǧ) ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ó
.ƨǇơǁƾǳơ
ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ǵƾţ Ŗǳơ ƩơǁƢǘŭơ Ŀ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Ô
.(ÎÖÕÕ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÑ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ) Ņȁƾǳơ
ÎÍ ƢǷȁǁ) ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Õ
.ÏÍÍÓ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏĿ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÕÕ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ
ƧƽȂƳȂŭơ ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Ö
Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÕÕ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕÎÍ ƢǷȁǁ) ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ
.ÏÍÍÓ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ï
(ÎÖÖÎ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Î ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ) ƢȀǨǌǯ ǑǂǤƥ ƨȈǰȈƬǇȐƦǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǄȈȈŤ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ÎÍ
.(ÎÖÖÓ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÎÎ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ)
.ƨǇơǁƾǳơ ƾȈǫ (ÎÖÖÔ) ǲƥƢǼǬǳƢƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÎ
ǞȈǫȂƬǳơ Ļ (ÎÖÖÖ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ Ö) .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÏ
.ÏÍÍÔ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ľ ƢȀȈǴǟ
.ƨǇơǁƾǳơ ƾȈǫ (ÏÍÍÒ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻÎÐ) .ȅȁȂǼǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÐ
ƾǠƥ ƨȈǰǴǷ ǶȈǇơǂǷ ƤƳȂŠ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǁơǂǫƛ ǶƬȇ ƨǰǴǸǸǴǳ ȆǇƢǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ƢǿǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ńƛ ƢȀƬǳƢƷƛ ǶƬƫ Ľ ȃǁȂǌǳơȁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ȆǈǴů ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƢȀƬǇơǁƽ
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ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ńƛ ơƽƢǼƬǇơȁ .ƨǰǴǸǸǴǳ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ ǺǷ ơƆƔǄƳ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƶƦǐƫ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠȁ
ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƩƢǜƷȐŭơ ȄǴǟ ƽȁƽǂǳơ ǺǸǔƫ ȅǀǳơ ȆǴȈǸǰƬǳơ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ
Ȑ
Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ǆȈƟǁ ƣƢǘƻ Ŀ ÏÍÍÐ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ
ƢƆǬǧȁ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǀȈǨǼƬƥ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǵȂǬƫ (S/2003/583) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ
ȄǴǟ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ ǪȈƦǘƬƥ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǵȂǬƫ ǪǴǘǼŭơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷȁ .ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǴǳ
ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ ȄǴǟ ǵȂǬȇ ƢȀǷƢǜǻ ǹƗ ǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ Ǯǐǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǾƬǼǸǔƫ ǶǰƷ ǲǯ
Ŗǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹƜǧ ƨƥơǂūơ ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǸǓ ǲƻƾƫ ƧŚǘŬơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ƪǻƢǯ Ƣŭȁ .ȆǷȐǇȍơ
.ǵơƾǟȍơ ńƛ ǲǐƫ ƾǫ ƧƽƾǌǷ ƩƢƥȂǬǟ Ȇǿ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪƦǘƫ
ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Śǌȇȁ
ȆǷƢǈǳơ ǵƢǬŭơ ǺǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ȅƗ ȄǴǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƾǠƥ ǾǻƗ ńƛ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǞǓȂǷ ƢȀǠǓȂǳ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ȄǴǟ ƢȀǸȈǸǠƫȁ ƨȈũǂǳơ ƩơȂǼǬǳơ Őǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ǮǴƫ Ǻǟ ǹȐǟȍơ ǶƬȇ
ƪƥƢưǳơ ƢȀǨǫȂǷ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƾǸƬǈƫȁ .ƢǿǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨƦǇƢǼŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƿƢţƢƥ ƩƢȀŪơ ǽǀǿ ǵȂǬƫȁ ǀȈǨǼƬǳơ
ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǹƜǧ ǪǴǘǼŭơ ơǀǿ ǺǷȁ .ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǺǷ ǽǁȂǏȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ǲǰǳ ǒǧơǂǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǺǷ
Ŀ ƽƢǈǧȍơ ƣƢƥ ǺǷ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ƩŐƬǟơ ƮȈƷ ƨƥơǂūơ ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǸǓ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ǲƻƾƫ
ǆŤ ȏ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ǵơƾǟȍơ ńƛ ǲǐƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ȄǐǫƗ śǷǂĐơ ǪŞ ƪǬƦǗȁ Ǒǁȋơ
.śǷǂĐơ Ǻǟ ȂǨǠǳơ ǪƷ ǶȀȈǴǟ řĐơ ƽơǂǧȌǳ ǆȈǳ ŅƢƬǳƢƥȁ ǞǸƬĐơ ǆŤ ǲƥ ǶȀȈǴǟ řĐơ ƽơǂǧȋơ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ œǰƫǂǷ ȄǴǟ ǶȀǷƢǰƷƗ Ŀ ƧƢǔǬǳơ ǾȈǳƛ ƾǼƬǈȇ ƶȇǂǏ ǎǻ ơǀǿȁ
ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪǷǂƥƗ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ ƤǻƢƳ ńƛȁ
ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǁƢšȏơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƾǓ ǶǿƢǨƫ ƧǂǯǀǷ ǲưǷ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǒǠƥ ǞǷ ƨȈƟƢǼƯ ƩƢǫƢǨƫơ
ƨŻǂŪơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ Ʋȇȁǂƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ǶǿƢǨƫ ƧǂǯǀǷȁ ƢȈǳƢǘȇƛ ǞǷ ƩơǁƾƼŭƢƥ
ǱȂƷ ƩơŐŬơ ǱƽƢƦƫȁ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ǶƬƫ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ƔȂǓ ȄǴǟȁ .ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǞǷ ƨǸǜǼŭơ
.ƢȀƬȀƳơȂŭ ƧƾǠŭơ ƨȈǸȈǜǼƬǳơ ǲǯƢȈŮơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩơƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ǺǷ ƾƴƬǈȇ ƢǷ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ

ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ńƛ ƢǷƛ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ śƥ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƾǼƬǈȇ
ƽȁǁȁ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ǾǻƘƥ ȆǷƢǈǳơ ǂǷȋơ ǁƾǏ ƾǫȁ .ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠŭơ ƗƾƦŭ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ȁƗ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ǞǷ ƨǷŐŭơ
ǹȂǰƫ ǝȂǓȂŭơ ǶǰŢ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ śƥȁ ƢȀǼȈƥ ǆȈǳ Ǳȁƽ ǺǷ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǫ ƧƾǟƢǈǸǴǳ ƩƢƦǴǗ
ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ Ƣđ ǱȂǸǠŭơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬǳơȁ ƨǸǜǻȋơ Ǿƥ ȆǔǬƫ ƢǷ ƽȁƾƷ Ŀ ƨǗȁǂǌǷ ƢȀƦǴǗ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭơ
ǵǄƬǴƫ ǹƗȁ ƢȀƦǴǗ ǱƢƷ Ŀ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ǮǴƫ ǲưǷ ŉƾǬƫ ǄȈŸ ƢĔȂǻƢǫ ǹƗ ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƪƦưƫ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ
.ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠŭƢƥ
ƢǿƢǬǴƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƨǳƽƢƦƬŭơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ƩƢƦǴǗ Ŀ ǂǜǼǳơ ƢȀƬǸȀǷ ƨǸƟơƽ ƨǼŪ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƩƘǌǻƗ ƾǫȁ
.ƨȇǁƢƳ ƩƢǬƷȐǷ ȁƗ ƩƢǬȈǬŢ ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢǔǫ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ȅƗ ǹƘǌƥ ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƨǰǴǸŭơ
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ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǺǷ ǵƾǬŭơ ȆǴȈǸǰƬǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ńƛ ơƽƢǼƬǇơȁ

ƗƾƦǷ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǪƦǘƫ (S/2004/884 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƨȈƟƢǼƯ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ ƨǰǴǸŭƢƥ ƢȀǘƥǂƥ Ŗǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨǧƢǯ Ŀ "ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ"
ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǵȂǬƫ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǒǧǁ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀȁ .ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠŭơ ƧƾǟƢǬǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ ȁƗ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƧƽƾǠƬǷ ȁƗ
śƬǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ǲǯ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠȇ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƨŻǂƳ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ǺǷ ƾǓ ǵƢēȏơ ǾȈƳȂƬƥ
Ŀ ǾǸȈǴǈƫ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨȈǈǼƳ ƽƾŢȁ ƾǋƗ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ȁƗ ƨǼǇ Ǻǟ ƢēƾǷ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƨȇǂƸǴǳ ƨƦǳƢǇ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ
ƩƢǨǴŭơȁ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳƢƥ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǹƢǠƬǈȇȁ ƢȀǴƳƗ ǺǷ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨŻǂŪơ ǝȂǫȁ ƺȇǁƢƫ
.ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƢȀƬǷƾǫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơȁ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơȁ
ȅǂǰǨǳơ ǥơǂŴȐǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơȁ ƨȇǂǰǨǳơ ƨȈǟȂƬǳơ Ô

ǺǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ǦǼǠǳơ ƧǂǿƢǛ ƨǇơǁƽ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ȃǁȂǌǳơ ǆǴů ńȂƫ
ǁƾǏƗ ƨǇơǁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ƔȂǓ Ŀȁ .ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ ƨȇǂǰǨǳơȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƢȀƦǻơȂƳ ǞȈŦ
ȆǷȐǟȍơȁ ȆǸȈǴǠƬǳơȁ ȅȂƥǂƬǳơȁ ȅǂǰǨǳơ ƤǻƢŪơ ǺǷ ƨǳƘǈŭơ ƨŪƢǠǷ ƧǁȁǂǓ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ơƆǁơǂǫ
.řǷȋơ ƤǻƢŪơ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ȆǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ ȅƽƢǐƬǫȏơȁ
ǂŤƚŭơ ǵƢǷƗ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ǄȇǄǠǳơ ƾƦǟ Ǻƥ ǦȇƢǻ ŚǷȋơ ƨǸǴǯ Ŀ ƔƢƳȁ
Ȑ
Ɔ Ǡǧ ǆȈǳ ǂǷȋơ Ǟǫơȁ Ŀ Ȃǿ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƗ" ǑƢȇǂǳơ Ŀ ƾǬǠǼŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ
ƩƢǠǸƬĐơ ǹƜǧ ơǀǳȁ Ǿǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơ ƤƳơȂǳơ ǺǷ ǥǂƸǼǷ ǂǰǧ ƱƢƬǻ ǅƢǇȋơ Ŀ ǾǼǰǳȁ ƤǈƸǧ
ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ȄǴǟ ǞǬȇ ƢǷ ǁƾǬƦǧ Ǿǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơȁ ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷ Ǻǟ ƨǳȁƚǈǷ ƢēƢǈǇƚǷ ƨǧƢǰƥ
ƨȈǳȁƚǈǷ ƨǳȁƚǈǷ Ƣǿǁȁƾƥ (ƨȇȂƥǂƫȁ ƨȈǷȐǟƛȁ ƨȈǸǴǟ) ƨȇǂǰǨǳơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ŐƬǠƫ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳơ ǺǷ
ǁƢǰǧȋơ ƾǓ ƩƢǠǸƬĐơ śǐŢȁ ƨǸȈǴǈǳơ ƨȈǻƢǈǻȍơ ǶȈǬǳơȁ ƨƸȈƸǐǳơ ǶȈǿƢǨŭơ ƔƢǼƥ Ǻǟ ȃŐǯ
."Ƨǂȇǂǌǳơ ǱƢǠǧȋơȁ ƨǧǂƸǼŭơ
ƧǂǿƢǛ ǽƢš ƢƆȇǂǰǧȁ ƢƆȈǼǷƗ ǞǸƬĐơ ǦȈǬưƫ ƨǇƢȈǇ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ŘƦƬƫȁ
ǮǴŭơ ǄǯǂǷ" ƔƢǌǻƛ Ļ ƾǫȁ .ƨǨǴƬƼŭơ ǵȐǟȍơ ǲƟƢǇȁ Őǟ ƨȈǟȂƫ ƲǷơǂƥ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ȄǴǟ řƦǷ řȇƽ ƣƢǘƻ ƨǣƢȈǏ Ŀ ǵƢȀǇȍơ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǿƥ ǖȈǻƗȁ "řǗȂǳơ ǁơȂƸǴǳ ǄȇǄǠǳơ ƾƦǟ
.ƔƢǼƦǳơ ǁơȂūơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƢȀƳǁƢƻȁ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǲƻơƽ ƨȈǘǇȂǳơ
Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ ńƛ ƢȀƬǷƾǫ Ŗǳơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǫǁȁ Ŀ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪƦǳƢǗ ƾǫȁ
ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ ńƛ Ò ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ Ŀ ǑƢȇǂǳơ ƨǼȇƾǷ Ŀ ƾǬǠǼŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
ƩơǁƢǔƷ ǝơǂǏ ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƭƾŹ ƢǷ ǁȂǐƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǷȐǟȍơȁ ƨȇǂǰǨǳơ ƩơǁƢȈƬǳơ ƨȀƳơȂŠ
ǄȇǄǠƫ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿ ǾƦǴǘƬȇ ƢǷȁ ǦǼǠǳơȁ ǥǂǘƬǳơ ǂǌǼǳ Ǻȇƾǳơ ǵơƾƼƬǇȏ ǁƢȈƫ ȅƗ ǵƢǷƗ ǥȂǫȂǳơȁ
.ƢƆȈǴŰȁ ƢƆȈǸȈǴǫƛȁ ƢƆȈǳȁƽ ǁơȂūơȁ ƶǷƢǈƬǳơ ƨǧƢǬƯ ǂǌǻ ƽȂȀƳ
ńƛ ǥƾēȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƨǴǜǷ ƪŢ ǲǸǠƫ "ȅǂǰǨǳơ ǺǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǟ Ƨǁơƽƛ" ƪƠǌǻƌƗȁ
ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ȂǴǤǳơ ńƛ ǞǸƬĐơ ƽơǂǧƗ ǒǠƥ ƽȂǬƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȇǂǰǨǳơ ƩƢǧơǂŴȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƨŪƢǠǷ
.ƨȇǂǰǧȁ ƨȈǴǸǟ ƩƢǇơǁƾƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿȁ
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ǂǰǨǳơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠƫ ƔƢǸǴǠǳơ ǃȂǷǁ ǺǷ ƨǻȂǰǷ" ƨƸǏƢǼǸǴǳ ƨǼŪ" ƪƠǌǻƌƗ ƢǸǯ
ƽȂǬȇ ȅǀǳơ ǥǂƸǼŭơ ǂǰǨǳơ ƢǿƢǼƦƬȇ Ŗǳơ ƨȇǂǰǨǳơ ƩƢǬǳǄºǼŭơ ƶȈǓȂƫȁ ƩƢȀƦǌǳơ Ǧǌǯȁ ǂǰǨǳƢƥ
ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǵȂǴǠǳơ Ŀ śǐƬƼŭơȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ƔƢǸǴǠƥ ƨǻƢǠƬǇȏƢƥ Ǯǳƿȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ńƛ
ǶȀƬǌǫƢǼǷȁ ƨƠǨǳơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ śǧȂǫȂŭơ ƨǴƥƢǬŭ ǶŮ ǱƢĐơ ƨƷƢƫƛȁ ǵȐǟȍơ ǱƢƳǁȁ śǨǬưŭơȁ ƨȈǈǨǼǳơȁ
.ǶēȏƙƢǈƫȁ ǶēƢȀƦǋ ȄǴǟ ƽǂǳơȁ ƨȇǂƷ ǲǰƥ
ǖǘƻ ǞǓȁ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠƫȁ ȆǸǴǠǳơ ǪȈǈǼƬǴǳ ƢŮȁƗ ǹƢŪ ƭȐƯ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǽǀǿ Ǻǟ ƪǬưƦǻơȁ
ƔƢǼƴǈǳơ ǝƢǓȁƗ ƨǇơǁƽ ƢȀƬǸȀǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơȁ .ƨȈǸǴǠǳơ Ʃơǁȁƾǳơ ƾǬǟȁ śǧȂǫȂǸǴǳ ƨƸǏƢǼŭơ
ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǝƢǓȁȋơ ǅǁƾƫ ƨưǳƢưǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơȁ ǽƢȇơȂǻ ǺǈƷ ƪƦƯ ǺǷ ƵơǂǇ ǩȐǗƜƥ ƨȈǏȂƬǳơȁ
.ǶȀǴǯƢǌǷ ǲƷ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠƫȁ ƔƢǼƴǈǴǳ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ
ƨȈǷȐǟȍơȁ ƨȇȂƥǂƬǳơ ƢēǄȀƳƗȁ ƢēƢǈǇƚǷ ǦǴƬƼŠ ƨȈǷȂǰūơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƧȂǟƽ ƪŤȁ
ƢȀƟƢǼƥƗ ȄǴǟ ƨǜǧƢƄơ Ŀ ǃǁƢƦǳơ ƧǂǇȋơ ǁȁƽ ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ǞǷ ȅǂǰǨǳơ ǥơǂŴȏơ ǂǘş ǦȇǂǠƬǴǳ
ȅƽƚƫ ƾǫ ƩƢǜƷȐǷ ƨȇƗ Ǻǟ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǡȐƥƛ ńƛ ƧǁƽƢƦŭƢƥ ƢēƢƦƳơȂƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơȁ ǶȀƬǠƥƢƬǷȁ
ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ) .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǺƯơǂƥ Ŀ ǝȂǫȂǳơ ńƛ ƔƢǼƥȋƢƥ
.(S/2007/67 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ ÍÍÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ô ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǺǷȋơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȁ ǹƢŪ ƔƢǌǻƛ Õ

ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ǪǴǠƬƫ ǞȈǓơȂǷ ǺǷ Ƣǿƽǂȇ ƢǷ ƨǇơǁƾǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƢȈǴǟ ƨǼŪ ƪƠǌǻƌƗ
ƽơƾǟƛ Ľ ǺǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǸƟơƾǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǺǷ ƢȀȈǳƛ Ǟǧǂƫ ńƛ ǂȇǁƢǬƬǳơ ƨǇơǁƽȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǂȇǂǬƫ) .ƨȈǷƢǜǻ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǺǷ ƢĔƘǌƥ ǵǄǴȇ ƢǷ ƿƢţȏ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢȀƴǴǳ ƢȀŻƾǬƫȁ ƢȀǼǟ ǂȇǁƢǬƫ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ (ÎÖÖÖ) ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ ȐƆ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ
.(S/AC.37/2003/1455/42/ADD.1
ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƩƢƦǴǘǳơ ȆǬǴƫ ƢȀǷƢȀǷ ǺǸǓ ǺǷ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǸƟơƽ ƨǼŪ" ƪƠǌǻƌƗ
ƿƢţơȁ ƢȀƬǇơǁƽȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǝȂǓȂŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢƠȈŮơȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƨǰǴǸǸǴǳ
ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů Ʃơǁơǂǫ ǀȈǨǼƫ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƢŮƢȈƷ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǺǷ Ó ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǾȈǴǟ ƪǐǻ Ƣŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀđ ǂȇǁƢǬƫ ƽơƾǟƛȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
.(ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ Ǻǟ śǴưŲ ǺǷ ǦǳƘƬƫȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ Ŀ ƨǼƴǴǳ ǶƟơƾǳơ ǂǬŭơ ǞǬȇȁ
ƾǬǼǳơ ƨǈǇƚŠ ƨǴưŲ ƨȈǳƢŭơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩơǁƢƦƼƬǇȏơ ƨǇƢƟǁ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ
ƨǼƴǴǳơ Ŀ ȃǂƻƗ ƨȈǷȂǰƷ ƩƢȀƳ ǭƢǼǿȁ ƨȇȂǔǠǳơ ƨǸƟơƽ ƩƢȀƳ ǽǀǿȁ ȅƽȂǠǈǳơ ĺǂǠǳơ
:ļȉơ Ŀ ƢȀǷƢȀǷ ǎƼǴƬƫȁ .śǸƟơƽ ƔƢǔǟƘǯ ǆȈǳ Ǻǰǳȁ ƨǴưŲ
53
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǝȂǓȂǷ ǹƘǌƥ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢƠȈŮơȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƢȀǷƾǬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢƦǴǘǳơ ƨǇơǁƽ •
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ
.ƨǰǴǸŭơ ȃȂƬǈǷ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǞȈǓơȂŭơ ƨǇơǁƽ •
ƩƢȇȂƬǈŭơ ȄǴǟ ǾǴȇȂŤȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƩơƔƢǬǴǳơȁ ƩơǂŤƚŭơ Ŀ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ •
.Ņȁƾǳơȁ ȆǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ȆǴƄơ
"ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǸƟơƾǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ"ȁ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǽǀǿ śƥ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ ȅǂŸȁ
ȃȂƬǈǷ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǹȏƽƢƦƬƫ ƮȈƷ
Ŀ ƨǴưŲ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ ƨȈǼǠǷ ƨȈǷȂǰƷ ƩƢȀƳ ǭƢǼǿȁ .ƨǰǴǸŭơ
.ƢǠǷ śƬǼƴǴǳơ
Ľ ƢǿƽƢǸƬǟȏ" ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ" ńƛ ƢēƢȈǏȂƫ ƨǸƟơƾǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǵƾǬƫȁ
.ƢŮƢȈƷ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƨȈǷƢǜǼǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƿƢţȏ ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƩƢȀƴǴǳ ǵƾǬƫ
ǞǷȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢƠȈŮơȁ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ǞǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǴǳ ǱƢǐƫơ ƢƬǘǬǻ ƪƠǌǻƌƗ ǩƢȈǈǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀȁ
ȃƾǳ ǶƟơƾǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƾǧȁȁ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ Ƨǁơǃȁ Ŀ ǲưǸƬƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ
.ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ
ƩơǁƢƦƼƬǇȏơ ǃƢȀƳ Ƣŷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƢǸđ ǕƢǼƫ ǹơǃƢȀƳ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀȁ
Ǿƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǾƬȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ ƽƾŹ ǃƢȀƳ ǲǯȁ .ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƮƷƢƦŭơ Ŀ ƨǴưŲ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ
ȅǀǳơ ǞȇǃȂƬǳơȁ ǺȇǃƢȀƴǴǳ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ƢȀũǂȇ Ŗǳơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨǇƢȈǈǳơ ƔȂǓ Ŀ ǲǬƬǈǷ ǲǰǌƥ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ǃƢȀƳ ǲǰƥ ƨǗȂǼŭơ ǵƢȀǸǴǳ ǾǠǔȇ
(ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÕÒ) ǑƢȇǂǳơ :ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ –Ö

ƨǼȇƾǷ Ŀ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ" ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƪǧƢǔƬǇơ
ƨȀƳơȂŭ ƨƥȁƙƾǳơ ȆǟƢǈŭơ ǄȇǄǠƫ ǥƾđ ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ ńƛ Ï ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ Ŀ ǑƢȇǂǳơ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƨǇơǁƽ ǱȂƷ ǽǁȁƢŰ Ʃǁơƽȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
.ǽǂǰǧȁ ǾƬǧƢǬƯȁ ǽǁȁǀƥȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǁȁǀƳ •
.ƩơǁƾƼŭơ Ƥȇǂēȁ ƵȐǈǳơ Ƥȇǂēȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ śƥ ƨǫȐǠǳơ •
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƣǁƢš ǺǷ ƧƽƢǨƬǈŭơ ǅȁǁƾǳơ •
.ƢēȐȈǰǌƫȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơ •
ǂŤƚǸǴǳ ƨȈƷƢƬƬǧȏơ ǾƬǸǴǯ Ŀ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƾȀǟ Ņȁ ȆǰǴŭơ ȂǸǈǳơ ƤƷƢǏ ǍǂƷ ƾǫȁ
ǹƢȇƽƗȁ ƨǨǴƬű ƩơǁƢǔƷ ńƛ ȆǸƬǼƫ ȏƆ ȁƽ Ƕǔȇ ȅǀǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ ơǀǿ ƽƢǬǠǻơ" ǹƘƥ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ȄǴǟ
śƥ ǩǂǨȇ ȏ ǽƢȇƢƸǓ ǁƢƬź ƢǷƾǼǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯȋơ ǹƢǿŐǳơ ȂŮ ƨǨǴƬű ƨǸǜǻƗȁ ƨǨǴƬű
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ńƛ ƤǈƬǼȇ ȏȁ ƧǁƢǔƷ ńƛ ȆǸƬǼȇ ȏ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƗ Ȃǿ ƤƦǈǳơȁ ƨǸǜǻȋơȁ ǹƢȇƽȋơȁ ƩơǁƢǔūơ

ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƽ ǄǯǂǷ" ƨǷƢǫƛ ńƛ Ȃǟƾƫ ƧǁƽƢƦŠ ƾȀǠǳơ Ņȁ ǵƾǬƫȁ ."ǵƢǜǼǳ Ɣȏȁ ǥǂǠȇ ȏȁ Ǻȇƽ
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ Ǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ƩơŐŬơȁ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ƩƢȈǳƕ ǂȇȂǘƫ ǥƾđ Ǯǳƿȁ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǹƗ ǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ǁơǂǸƬǇƢƥ ƢȀưȇƾŢ ǺǰŻ ƩƢǻƢȈƥ ƧƾǟƢǬƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ Ǆǯơǂŭơ ǖƥǁȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
Ǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơȁ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ ƩƢƳǁƽ ȄǴǟƗ ƤǴǘƬƫ ƨǯǂƬǌǷ ƨȈǳȁƚǈǷ Ȇǿ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
ƧǄȀƳȋơ śƥ ǺǰŻ ƢǷ ǝǂǇƘƥ ƨȈǼǷȋơȁ ƨȇǁƢƦƼƬǇȏơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƬǳ ǲǷƢǰǳơ ƽơƾǠƬǇȏơȁ
.ƨǼǷƕ ǲƟƢǇȁ Őǟ ƨǐƬƼŭơ
ƤȈǳƢǇȋơ ǂȇȂǘƫ ǲƦǇ ǱȂƷ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ǪȈǬŢ Ǯǳǀǯ ǄǯǂŭƢƥ ǕƢǼȇȁ
ƩơǁƾǬǳơ ǶȈǟƾƫ ƢĔƘǋ ǺǷ Ŗǳơ ƨǘǌǻȋơȁ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơȁ ƩƢȈǼǬƬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƩƢƦȇǁƾƬǳơȁ
ƿƢǨǻƛ ƧǄȀƳƗ ǄȇǄǠƫȁ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ǀȈǨǼƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ
.ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƽƢȈǇȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ȄǴǟ ǙƢǨūơ ǞǷ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ ǲȈǠǨƬǳ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ ǹƗ ǂǯǀǳƢƥ ǂȇƾƳȁ
ƪǼǸǔƫ ƾǫ ÏÍÍÓ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ Ó Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǄǯǂǷ ƔƢǌǻƛ ƨǳƘǈǷ ǁƢƦƬǟơ ǺǰŻ ǾǻƘƥ ǥơǂƬǟȏơ" ńƛ ƧǁƢǋȍơ ƢȈǻƢƯ ƾǼƦǳơ ǺǷ (Ö) ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ
."ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǄȇǄǠƫ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ ǺǷ ơƆƔǄƳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƽ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƢǿǃǂƥƗ ǺǷ ƨȈǏȂƫ śǈŨȁ ƢǈŨ Ƣǿƽƾǟ ǢǴƥ ƩƢȈǏȂƬƥ ǹȁǂŤƚŭơ Ʊǂƻȁ
ǲǷƢǠƬǴǳ ƨǴǷƢǌǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ƨŭȂǟȁ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨŭȂǟ ǽƢǼǠǷ ƢŠ ȆǟƢǸŪơ ǲǸǠǳơ ȄǴǟ ǄȈǯǂƬǳơ •
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀđ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơ ǵơǂƬƷơ ƨȈŷƗ ȄǴǟ ǄȈǯǂƬǳơȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǷ
ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƨǏƢƻ ƨǴƫƢǬǳơȁ ƧǁƢǔǳơ ƽơȂŭơ ǱƢǬƬǻƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǲȈǠǨƫ •
ǹȁƽ ƨǳȂǴȈƸǴǳ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ǲǯ ƿƢţơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ Ŀ ƨǴǸǠƬǈŭơ ƨưȇƾūơ ƩƢȈǼǬƬǳơȁ
.śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƾȈǳ ƽơȂŭơ ǽǀǿ ǱȂǏȁ
ƨȈǸǼƬǳƢƥ ǵƢǸƬǿȏơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ňƾŭơ ǞǸƬĐơ ƩƢǈǇƚǷ ǲǸǟ ǲȈǠǨƫ •
ƨƠȈƦǳơ ƭȂǴƫ ǂǏƢǼǟ ǲǰǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơȁ ƨȈǷȋơȁ ǂǬǨǳơ ƨƥǁƢŰȁ ƽƢǐƬǫȏơ śǈŢȁ ƨǷơƾƬǈŭơ
.ǥǂǘƬŭơ ǂǰǨǳơȁ ǦǼǠǳơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ ȄǴǟ Ǟƴǌƫ Ŗǳơ
ǺǷ ȂȀǧ ƣƢǿǁȍơ Ǻǟ ȅƾƟƢǬǟ ȁƗ ȆƳȂǳȂȇƾȇƛ ȁƗ řȇƽ ǞƥƢǗ ǲǯ ȂŰ ȄǴǟ ǄȈǯǂƬǳơ •
.ƣȂǠǌǳơȁ ƩƢǧƢǬưǳơȁ ǹƢȇƽȋơ ǲǯ ǽǁǂǓ Ŀ ǱƢǘȇ ƧƾȈǬǟ ȁƗ ǹȂǳ ȁƗ Ǻȇƽ Śǣ
ȄǴǟ ƾǟƢǈƫ Ŗǳơ ǂǿơȂǜǳơ ƨŪƢǠŭ ƨƸǓơȂǳơ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ŚȇƢǠŭơ ǞǓȁȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǂȇȂǘƫ •
:ƢȀǼǷȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ
ƾȈǼƴƬƥ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƾǟƢǈƫ Ŗǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ȄǓơǁƗ ǵơƾƼƬǇơȁ ƧǂƴŮơȁ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ǂǿƢǜǷ (Ɨ)
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ǲȇȂŤȁ Ƥȇǁƾƫȁ
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ƨȈǻȂǻƢǫ ǖƥơȂǓ Śǣ ǺǷ ƨȈŞǂǳơ Śǣ ƨȈǻƢǈǻȍơȁ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ ƧǂǿƢǛ (ƣ)

.ǺǼǬǷ ňƢǈǻƛ ƔƢǘǤƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ǲȇȂŤ ǲȀǈȇ ƢŲ ƨȈƥƢǫǁ ȁƗ
.ƨǠȇǁƿ ȅƘƥ ƣȂǠǌǳơ śƥ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ ƧǂǿƢǛ (Ʊ)
Ƨǁơƽƛ Ŀ ƢǿƽȂȀƳ ǂȇȂǘƫ ǲȈƦǇ Ŀ ƨƳƢƬƄơ ǱȁƾǴǳ ȅƽƢŭơȁ ȅȂǼǠŭơ Ƕǟƾǳơ ŉƾǬƫ •
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨǐǐƼƬǷ ƨȈǼǗȁ ǄǯơǂǷ ƔƢǌǻƛ ȄǴǟ ƢȀǠȈƴǌƫȁ ƩƢǷǃȋơ
(ºǿÎÑÏÖ/Ô/ÎÒ–ÎÐ) (ÏÍÍÕ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÎÕÎÓ ƾȇǁƾǷ) ǁơȂƸǴǳ ȆŭƢǠǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ

ǮǴŭơ śǨȇǂǌǳơ śǷǂūơ ǵƽƢƻ ǾȈǳƛ Ƣǟƽ ȅǀǳơ ǁơȂƸǴǳ ȆŭƢǠǳơ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ Ǻǟ ǁƾǏ
ƾǯƗ ȅǀǳơ "ƨǰǷ Ɣơƾǻ" ÏÍÍÕ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ŃƢǠǳơ ƨǘƥơǁ ǾƬǸǜǻȁ ǄȇǄǠǳơ ƾƦǟ Ǻƥ ƅ ơƾƦǟ
ǮǈǸƬǳơ ńƛ Ȃǟƾƫ Ŗǳơ ƨǯǂƬǌŭơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬǳơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ƢȀȇƾǳ ƩơǁƢǔūơȁ ǹƢȇƽȋơ ǲǯ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ
ńƛ ǂŤƚŭơ ȄȀƬǻơȁ .ƨƠȈƦǳƢƥ ǁơǂǓȍơȁ ȆǫȐƻȋơ ƽƢǈǨǳơȁ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ ǶǴǜǳơ ǒǧǂƫȁ ƨȈǫȐƻȋơ ǶȈǬǳƢƥ
ƧǂǿƢǛ ƨȀƳơȂǷ" ƢȀǼǷ ƨȈǇƢǇƗ ǞȈǓơȂŠ ŘǠȇ ǁơȂƷ ńƛ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ƧȂǟƽ
ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ ǶǴǜǳơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ"ȁ "ƢȀƬȀƳơȂŭ Ņȁƽ ǹȁƢǠƫ ǆȈǇƘƫ ńƛ ƨƳƢūơȁ ǦǼǠǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
."ȅƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ƮȇƾƸƬǳơȁ ǵƾǬƬǳơ ƨƴƷ ƪŢ ƧŚǬǨǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǱȐǤƬǇơȁ ǹƢȈǤǘǳơȁ
Ŀ ƾȇǁƾǷ Ŀ ƾǬǟ ƢȈǻƢƦǇƛ ǮǴǷ ǺǷ ƨǧƢǔƬǇƢƥȁ śǨȇǂǌǳơ śǷǂūơ ǵƽƢƻ ƧȂǟƾǳ ƨȈƦǴƫȁ
ǝƢƦƫƗ ǾȈǧ ǭǁƢǋȁ "ǹƢȇƽȋơ ǁơȂū ȆŭƢǠǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ" ÏÍÍÕ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÎÕ ÎÓ ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ
ƨȇǂǌƦǳơ ƧƾƷȁ" :ǹƗ Ȇǿȁ ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭơ ȄǴǟ ǾǻƢȈƥ Ŀ ǂŤƚŭơ ƾǯƗȁ .ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƩƢǧƢǬưǳơȁ ƩƢǻƢȇƾǳơ
ƨȈŷƗ" ȄǴǟȁ "ǶȀƬǧƢǬƯȁ ǶȀǫơǂǟƗȁ ǶĔơȂǳƗ ǥȐƬƻơ ȄǴǟ ǅƢǼǳơ śƥ ƧơȁƢǈŭơȁ ƾƷơȁ ƢȀǴǏƗ ǹƗȁ
ƩơǁƾƼŭơȁ ƽƢǈǨǳơȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ǶȀǬǳƢƻ ńƛ ǂǌƦǳơ ǝȂƳǁȁ ƨǴǓƢǨǳơ ǶȈǬǳơȁ Ǻȇƾǳơ
."ƩƢǧơǂŴȏơ ǺǷ ƩƢǠǸƬĐơ ƨȇƢŧȁ ƧǂǇȋơ ǮǇƢŤȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ
ǺǷ ǂȇǀƸƬǳơȁ ƩƢǧƢǬưǳơȁ ƩơǁƢǔūơ śƥ ǝơǂǐǳơ ƨȈǸƬƷ ƨȇǂǜǻ ǒǧǁ" ńƛ ǹƢȈƦǳơ Ƣǟƽȁ
ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ"ȁ "ǊȇƢǠƬǳơȁ ǶǴǈǳơ ǒȇȂǬƫȁ ǥȐŬơ ǪȈǸǠƫ ńƛ ȄǠǈƫ Ŗǳơ ƩȐǸūơ ƧǁȂǘƻ
ǵơǂƬƷơȁ ǹƢȇƽȋơ ǵơǂƬƷơ ǺǸǔƬƫ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơȁ ƨȈũǂǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƨǬȈƯȁ ǁơƾǏƛ
."ƢȀȈǳƛ śƠȈǈŭơ ŉǂšȁ Ƣđ ǅƢǈŭơ ǵƾǟȁ ƢǿǃȂǷǁ
ƶȈƸǏ ǲǰǌƥȁ ƨȇƾŝ ƢȀƬƥǁƢŰ ȆǤƦǼȇ ƨȈǻȂǯ ƧǂǿƢǛ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƗ ǹƢȈƦǳơ ǂǯƿȁ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǵȂȀǨǷ ƾȇƾŢ ȄǴǟ ƢƆȈǳȁƽ ƢǫƢǨƫơ ƤǴǘƬȇ ơǀǿ ǹƗȁ .ǭǂƬǌǷ Ņȁƽ ƾȀŝ ǱȁƚǈǷȁ
.ŃƢǠǳơ Ŀ ǁơǂǬƬǇȏơ ńƛ ǲǏȂƬǳơ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ƨǬȈǸǠǳơ ǾƥƢƦǇȋ ȅƾǐƬǳơȁ
ǺǷ ǂƻȊǳ Ǫȇǂǘǳơ ǹȂǰȈǇ" ǾºǳȂǫ ǂŤƚŭơ ńƛ śǨȇǂǌǳơ śǷǂūơ ǵƽƢƻ ƣƢǘƻ Ŀ ƔƢƳȁ
Ƣŭ ǲƳȁ Ǆǟ ƣǂǳơ ǺǷ ƪǳǄǻƗ Ŗǳơȁ ƨȈŮȍơ ƩȏƢǇǂǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǟƽ Ŗǳơ ƨǯǂƬǌŭơ ǶȈǬǳơ ǱȐƻ
ǶȈǬƬǈƫ ȏ Ŗǳơ ƩȐǷƢǠƬǳơȁ ǩȐƻȋơ ǶȈǫ ǄȇǄǠƫȁ ǾƬǷơǂǯ ȄǴǟ ǙƢǨūơȁ ǹƢǈǻȎǳ Śƻ ǾȈǧ
." ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƣǁƢŢȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǺǷ ǂǨǼƫȁ ƨǻƢȈŬơ ǀƦǼƫ Ŗǳơ ǶȈǬǳơ ǮǴƫ ǝơƾŬơȁ
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ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ
ÎÖÖÏ ǵƢǟ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǶǰƸǴǳ ȆǇƢǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ •
ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
.ÎÖÔÒ ǵƢǠǳ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǶȈǜǼƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩƢǸǯƢƄơ ǱȂǏƗ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ÎÕ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÐÖ Ƕǫǁ ȆǰǴŭơ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ) ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǵƢǜǻ
(.ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǾƬƸƟȏȁ ÏÍÍÐ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ
ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ‫ه‬ÎÑÏÍ/Î/ÎÔ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ
ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍƢƥ řǠŭơ ŅƢŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǫȇǂǧ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ śǠƥǁȋơ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǟ Ŀ
.ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǾƬƸƟȏȁ ÎÖÔÑ ǵƢǠǳ ƽȁƾūơ ǺǷƗ ǵƢǜǻ
.ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǾƬƸƟȏȁ ÎÖÕÎ ǵƢǠǳ ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǻ
"ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƨȇŚŬơ ǱƢǸǟȋơȁ ƨƯƢǣȎǳ ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ" ƔƢǌǻƛ ǁơǂǫ
.ÏÍÍÑ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÓ
Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǬƥ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ƨƸƟȏ
ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơ ǁơǂǬƥ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨƸƟȐǳơȁ ÎÖÖÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÍÔ
.ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÔÓÍ Ƕǫǁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ
.ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǠǳ ƨȇŚŬơ ǽȂƳȂǴǳ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞŦ ƨƸƟȏ
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ňƢưǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ
ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ
Ʃơƿ ƨǳȁƾǯ ÎÖÔÎ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ Ŀ ƨȇƽƢŢȏơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǈǇƘƫ
ǺȇȂȈǬǳơ ǵƗȁ ƨǸȈŬơ ǅƗǁȁ ƧŚƴǨǳơȁ ƨǫǁƢǌǳơȁ ĺƽȁ œǛ ȂƥƗ :Ȇǿ ƩơǁƢǷƛ ǞƦǇ Ƕǔƫ ȅƽƢŢơ ǵƢǜǻ
ƗƾƦǷ ǂǫƗȁ .ÎÖÔÎ ǵƢǟ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ǺǷ ňƢưǳơ Ŀ ƪǫƚŭơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳƢƥ ǲǸǠǳơ Ɨƾƥȁ .ǹƢǸƴǟȁ
ǲǯ ǙƢǨƬƷơ ǞǷ ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƫȁ ƔƢǔǟȋơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ŚƫƢǇƽ ȄǴǟ ƧƽƢȈǈǳơ Ǿǳ ƩǁǂǬƫȁ ƨȇƽƢŢȏơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
Ȃǿ ǵȐǇȍơȁ .ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ƢǿƽƾŹ Ń Ŗǳơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ ǞȈŦ Ŀ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƧƽƢȈǈǳơ ƨǇǁƢǸŠ ƧǁƢǷƛ
ǞƦǈǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ȆǴưŲ ǺǷ ǹȂǰŭơ ȄǴǟȋơ ǆǴĐơ ǮǴŻȁ .ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƨȈǈȈƟǂǳơ ǁƽƢǐŭơ ƾƷƗȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ǻȇƽ
ǆȈƟǁȁ ƽƢŢȐǳ ȄǴǟȋơ ǆǴĐơ ǺǷ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǹȂǰƬƫȁ .ƨǠǇơȁ ƩƢǘǴǇ ƽƢŢȏơ Ŀ ƔƢǔǟȋơ
Ŀ ƔƢǔǟȋơ ǞƦǈǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƔơǂǷƗ ƽƢŢȐǳ ȄǴǟȋơ ǆǴĐơ Ƕǔȇȁ .ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴůȁ ǾƦƟƢǻȁ ƽƢŢȏơ
ƨȇƽƢŢȏơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǧƢǯ ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ ƢȀǼǷ ƨǠǇơȁ ƨȇƽƢŢơ ƩƢǘǴǈƥ ǆǴĐơ ǞƬǸƬȇȁ .ƽƢŢȏơ
.ƝǁơȂǘǳơ ƨǳƢƷ ȁƗ ƣǂūơ ǹȐǟƛȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơȁ ǾƦƟƢǻȁ ǾǈȈƟǁ ƣƢƼƬǻơȁ
řǗȂǳơ ǆǴĐơ ȄǴǟ ƢȀǓǂǟȁ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ śǻơȂǬǳơ ƨǧƢǯ ǞȇǁƢǌǷ ƨǣƢȈǐƥ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǎƬźȁ
.ƨȇǁơƽȍơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ǞȈŦ ȄǴǟ ǥǂǌȇȁ ƽƢŢȐǳ ƨȇȂǼǈǳơ ƨǻǃơȂŭơ ƾǠȇ ƢǸǯ ƨǌǫƢǼǸǴǳ ȅƽƢŢȏơ
ǁƢȈƬƻơ ǶƬȇȁ ƽƢŢȏơ ǲƻơƽ ȆǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǆǴĐơ ƨƥƢưŠ ȅƽƢŢȏơ řǗȂǳơ ǆǴĐơ ŐƬǠȇȁ
ǶƬȇ ơƆȂǔǟ śǠƥǁƗ ǆǴĐơ Ƕǔȇȁ .ǞƦǈǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ǺǷ ƧǁƢǷƛ ǲǯ (ǶǯƢƷ) ŚǷƗ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ǾƟƢǔǟƗ
.śǷƢǟ Ƨƾŭ ǶǿǁƢȈƬƻơ
ǾǼǰǳ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ƢȀǷƾǬȇ Ŗǳơ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ƩƢȈǏȂƫ ǁơƾǏƛ ƨǘǴǈƥ ǆǴĐơ ǞƬǸƬȇȁ
ƩƢƷơǂƬǫȏƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ǾǼǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳƢƥ ǀƻƚȇ ȏ ƾǫȁ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈƥ ǞƬǸƬȇ ȏ
.ȄǴǟȋơ ǆǴĐơ ǺǷ ȁƗ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǺǷ ǾȈǴǟ ƨǓȁǂǠŭơ
ƪǸƬǿơ ƾǫȁ .ÎÖÔÎ ǵƢǟ ƽƢŢȏơ ǵƢȈǫ ǞǷ Ƙǌǻ ƮȇƾƷ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ Ŀ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơȁ
.ƾƷȂǷ ȆƟƢǔǫȁ ȆǠȇǂǌƫ ǵƢǜǻ ǞǓȂƥ ƢȀƟȂǌǼǳ ńȁȋơ ƩơȂǼǈǳơ ǀǼǷ ƨȇƽƢŢȏơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
ƨȇƽƢŢȏơ ƨǸǰƄơ) ƧƢǔǫ ƨƯȐƯ Ƕǔƫ ȃŐǯ ƨȈƟơƾƬƥơ ƨǸǰŰȁ ƨȈƟơƾƬƥơ ƨǸǰŰ ǭƢǼǿȁ
.ǄȈȈŤ ƨǸǰƸǸǯ ǲǸǠƫ ƢȈǴǟ ƨȇƽƢŢơ ƨǸǰŰ Ǯǳǀǯȁ (ƨȈǧƢǼƠƬǇȏơ
ǹƗ Ǿǳ ƢǸǯ ǺǠǘǳơ ǥƢǘǷ ǂƻƕ Ŀ ƶǨǐǳơ ƶǼŻ ǹƗ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƽƢŢơ ǆȈƟǂǳ ǃȂŸȁ
.ǵơƾǟȍƢƥ ǶǰƷ ȅƗ ǀȈǨǼƫ ǲƦǫ ƢƆǷơǄǳƛ ǁƢǌƬǈȇ ǹƗ ƤŸȁ ȆƟǄŪơ ȁƗ ȆǴǰǳơ ȂǨǠǳơȁ ƶǨǐǳơ ƶǼŻ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ

ńƛ ƢȀǷƢǸǔǻơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǂǿƢǜǷ ǝơȂǻƗ ƨǧƢǰǳ ƢȀƬǻơƽƛ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǺǴǠƫ
ƩǁƾǏƗ ÏÍÍÑ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÏÕ ƺȇǁƢƫ ȆǨǧ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƾǓ ȆǸȈǴǫȍơȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǦǳƢƸƬǳơ
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ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ƨǸǔǼǷ Ȇǿȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƢǏƢƻ ƢƆǻȂǻƢǫ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ
ƨǷĈǂů ƨǘǌǻƗ ǺǷ Ǿƥ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ Î

ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǾƬǴǇǁƗ ȅǀǳơ Ǳȁȋơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ǺǸǔƫ
ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǹȐǟƛ (S/2002/239 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ňƢǈǻȍơ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ƢȀǷơǄƬǳơ
ƢēǂǫƗ Ŗǳơ ƨǬƥƢǈǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭơ ǁƢƦƬǟȏơ Ŀ ǀƻȋơ ǞǷ ǾǳƢǰǋƗȁ ǽǁȂǏ ƨǧƢǰƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƢȀƬǻơƽƛȁ
.ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƨǷȁƢǬǷȁ Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ǪƷ ƢȀǼǷȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƾȈǨȇ ǩƢȈǈǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀȁ
ƢǷ ǱȂƷ ǱơƚǇ ȄǴǟ ơƆƽǁ (S/2003/280 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǬǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ƧƘǌǼŭơ
ǶȈǴǈƫ ƩƢƦǴǗ ǒǧǁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƤƳȂŠ ǺǰǸŭơ ǺǷ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ
ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ śǻơȂǫ Ŀ ƾƳȂȇ ȏ" ǾǻƘƥ ƩơǁƢƦƬǟȏ ǶȀȈǴǟ Ȅǟƾŭơ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ÐÕ ƧƽƢŭơ ǁƢƦƬǟȏơ Ŀ ǀƻȋơ ǞǷ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ǆǇƗ ȄǴǟ ǶȀȈǴǟ Ȅǟƾŭơ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ǞǼŻ ƢǷ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǁȂƬǇƽ ǺǷ
."ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÖ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ƨǠǇƢƬǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ð ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫȁ
ơƿƛ" ƣȂǴǘŭơ ǎƼǌǳơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ǃȂŸ ȏ ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
ơǀǿ ǺǷ ƾǠȇ ȏȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ƨŻǂŝ ƨǘƦƫǂǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ƨŻǂƳ ƤǴǘǳơ ǝȂǓȂǷ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǻƢǯ
ȄǴǟ ȅƾǠƬǳơ ǶƟơǂƳȁ ȅǂǌƦǳơ ǆǼŪơ ƧƽƢƥƛ ǶƟơǂƳȁ ƣǂūơ ǶƟơǂƳȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ǲȈƦǬǳơ
ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǂƟƢǇ ȁƗ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆȈƟǁ ȁƗ ǾƬǴƟƢǟ ƽơǂǧƗ ƾƷƗ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǆȈƟǁ
."ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƢȀūƢǐǷȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǪǧơǂǷ ȄǴǟ ƔơƾƬǟȏơ ǶƟơǂƳ ơǀǯȁ ƨȈǳȁƽ
ǺǷ ƨǷȂǜǼǷ ƽơƾǟƛ ȄǴǟ ļơǁƢǷȍơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǍǂƷ ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ǁȂǜǼŭơ ơǀǿ ƔȂǓ Ŀȁ
ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳƢƥ ƢȀŸȂƬƫ ǹƢǯȁ ǽƾǧơȁǁ ǲǰƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
.ÏÍÍÑ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÏÕ Ŀ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ƨǼǈǳ (Î) Ƕǫǁ
ƧƽƢŭơ ÎÖÕÔ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ǺĆǸǓ ƾǫ ǝǂǌŭơ ǹƢǯȁ
ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǁƾǏƗ Ľ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǠǧƗ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƢȀȈǧ ǵǂƳȁ (ÏÎ)
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ (Î) Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵȂǇǂǷ ƤƳȂŠȁ
.ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ œǰƫǂǷ ȄǴǟ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ƾȇƾǌƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǰǋƗ ǞȈŦ ŉǂš Ļ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ňƢŪơ ǾȈǳƛ ƘƴǴȇ ǲǠǧ Ǻǟ ǝƢǼƬǷơ ȁƗ ǲǠǧ ǲǯ" ǾǻƘƥ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲǸǠǳơ" ǾǼǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǥǂǠƫȁ
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‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‐ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ‬
ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫ ȁƗ ǅƢǼǳơ śƥ Ƥǟǂǳơ ǝƢǬȇƛ ǥƾđ ȆǟƢŦ ȁƗ ȅƽǂǧ ȆǷơǂƳƛ ǝȁǂǌŭ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ
Ɣơǀȇƛ ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǾǼǷƗȁ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨǷȐǇ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳƢƥ ǱȐƻȍơ Ǯǳƿ ǹƘǋ ǺǷ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ƔƢǇƙǁȁ ǭȂǴǷ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ǺŠ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǶȀǼǷƗ ȁƗ ǶēƢȇǂƷ ȁƗ ǶēƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋȋơ
Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳ Ȇũǁ ǦǛȂǷ ȁƗ ǲưŲ ȅƗȁ ǶēȐƟƢǟ ƽơǂǧƗȁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơȁ ƩƢǷȂǰūơȁ
ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨȇƢǸūơ ǶŮ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ǶȀǨǼǯ Ŀ ǹȂǌȈǠȇ Ǻȇǀǳơ ǶǿǂǇƗ ƽơǂǧƗȁ ƨȈǷȂǰƷ ƨǨǏ
ȁƗ ƢŮȐƬƷơ ȁƗ ƨǏƢŬơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǭȐǷȋơ ȁƗ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ƾƷƘƥ ȁƗ ƨƠȈƦǳƢƥ ǁǂǔǳơ ǩƢūƛ ȁƗ Ņȁƾǳơ
."ǂǘƼǴǳ ƨȈǠȈƦǘǳơ ƽǁơȂŭơ ƾƷƗ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ
ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǱƾǠǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ǥơǂǋƜƥ ƩƾǟƌƗ Ŗǳơ ƧǂǯǀǸǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁȁ
ƨǷȐǈǳơ ƽƾē Ŗǳơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ȄǴǟ ǂǐƬǬȇ ȏ ǽȐǟƗ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ ǹƜǧ ǥƢǫȁȋơȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ
.śȈǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷȋơȁ ǶǴǈǳơ ƽƾē ǹƗ ǺǰŻ Ŗǳơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǲǸǌȈǳ ƾƬŻ ǲƥ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ
ǲǸǠǳơ ǹȂǰȇ ǹƗ ĺƢǿǁȍơ ǲǸǠǳơ ǹƢǯǁƗ ǶǿƗ ǺǷ ǝǂǌŭơ ǲǠƳ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫ ȁƗ ǅƢǼǳơ śƥ Ƥǟǂǳơ ǝƢǬȇƛ ǹȂǰȇ ȏȁ ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫ ȁƗ ǅƢǼǳơ śƥ Ƥǟǂǳơ ǝƢǬȇƛ ǥƾđ
.ĺƢǿǁȍơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƲƟƢƬǻ ƾƷƗ ƽǂů
ǺǷ (ÏÎ) ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǐǻ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁƾǐȇ ǹƗ ǲƦǫ ǺǷȁ
ǺǷ ǲǯ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ȅǂǈȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÎÖÕÔ ƨǼǈǳ (Ð) Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ǲȈǘǠƫ ȁƗ Ƥȇǂţ ƨŻǂƳ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ȁƗ Ȑ Ɔ ǟƢǧ ǾǨǏȂƥ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ Ƥǰƫǁơ ǹƗ ƾǠƥ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƾƳȁ
ǶƟơǂƳ ȁƗ ǁƢǤǐǳơ ȁƗ ƔƢǈǼǳơ Ŀ ȁƗ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ Ŀ ǁƢšȏơ ǶƟơǂƳ ȁƗ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǱƢǐƫȏơ ǲƟƢǇȁ
ńƛ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ƨȈǴƄơ ǶǯƢƸǸǴǳ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȂǳơ ƾƬŤ ơǀǰǿȁ ."Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ƨǼǏǂǬǳơ
ƨǳȁƾƥ Ǯǳƿ ƾǠƥ ǶȀȈǴǟ ǁȂưǠǳơ ǶƬȇ ǍƢƼǋƗ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
.ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ Ï

ǺǷ ǂǌǟ ȅƽƢūơ ƭơƾƷƗ ƾǠƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ ǞǷ ƢƆǼǷƢǔƫ
Ʃơǁơǂǫ ǁơƾǏƜƥ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ǵƢǫ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƩơǁơǂǬǳ ơƆƿƢǨǻƛȁ ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ
ƤǴǗ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƨǴǷƢǠǳơ ȃǂƻȋơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƖǌǼŭơȁ ƩƢǧơǂǐǳơȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ńƛ ǶȈǷƢǠƫȁ
ƩơǁƢǸưƬǇơ ȁƗ ǞƟơƽȁ ȁƗ ƩƢƥƢǈƷ ƨȇƗ ƾȈǸšȁ ƮŞ ƨȈǴǸǟ ƔơǂƳƛ ƩƢȀŪơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ƢȀƦƳȂŠ
ǶǿƙƢũƗ ƨƳǁƾŭơ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ơȁƾǟƢǇ Ǻȇǀǳơ ƔƢũƘƥ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƩƢǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ śȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƧƽƢǫ ƔƢũƘƥ
ǞƥƢƬǳơ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ǱȂǏȋơ ƨƦǫơǂǷ ƤƬǰǷ ȁƗ Ņȁƾǳơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǺǷ ƔơȂǇ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ǶƟơȂǬǳơ Ŀ
ƩƢǘǴǈǴǳ ƢȀŻƾǬƫȁ ƩƢǻƢȈƦǳơ ǽǀǿ ǞȈǸš Ļ ƾǫȁ .ƨȈǰȇǂǷȋơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƩƢȇȏȂǳơ Ŀ ƨǻơǄŬơ ƧǁơǃȂǳ
Ņȁƾǳơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ńƛ ƢȀŻƾǬƬƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ Ƣǿǁȁƾƥ ƪǷƢǫ Ŗǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ
ȄǴǟ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƩƢȇȏȂǳơ Ŀ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǽǀǿ ƩƾǟƢǇȁ .ƨȈǰȇǂǷȋơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơȁ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ Ŀ ǶȀǟȂǴǓ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ƧƽƢǬǳơ ǒǠƥ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǳơ ƔƢǬǳƛ
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ȄǴǟ ǩƢǼŬơ ǪȈȈǔƫ ǥƾđ ƶƟơȂǴǳơȁ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǺǷ ƾȇƾǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪĈǼǇ ƾǫȁ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ÏÍÍÏ ǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÏÏ Ŀ ƩǁƾǏƘǧ ǶŮơȂǷƗ ƨǯǂƷ ȄǴǟȁ Ƕđ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ǲǬǼƫ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ŉǂš ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ
ƨǸǰƄơȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơȁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐǸǴǳ ǹȂǰȇ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ƨȇƗ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌȇ Ŗǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƾȈǸƴƬƥ ǂǷȋơ ǁơƾǏƛ ƨǐƬƼŭơ
.ƢȀȈǴǟ ǚǨƸƬǳơȁ ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǰƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǎǼƫ ǶƟơǂƳ
ƧƽƾŰ ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǷ ƨȈƫƘƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǱƢǠǧƗ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵĈǂƳ ƢǸǯ
ƢȀȈǳƛ ǶǔǼƫ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ Ŀ Ƨƽǁơȁ ȃǂƻƗ ǶƟơǂƳ ȅƗ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƢȀŷƗ ǺǷ
.ƨǳȁƾǳơ
ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭƢƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǷȐǠƬǇȐǳ ƧƾƷȁ ƔƢǌǻƛ ȄǴǟ ǾȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǎǻȁ
ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ƢȀȈǧ ǾƦƬǌƫ Ŗǳơ ƩȏƢūơ Ǻǟ ǂȇǁƢǬƬǳơ ƨǧƢǯ ȆǬǴƫ ƢēƢǏƢǐƬƻơ Ŀ ƱǁƾǼȇ
.ƩȏƢūơ ǮǴƫ ǱƢȈƷ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƿƢţơȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơȁ ƨȇǁƢƴƬǳơȁ
ǶƬȇ ǵƢȇƗ ƨǠƦǇ ƢǿƢǐǫƗ Ƨƾŭ ƢȀȈǧ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƾȈǸš ƨǘǴǇ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǱĈȂƻȁ
.ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢȀƴǴǳ ƢŮȐƻ ǂǷȋơ Ǟǧǁ
ǲȇȂŤ Ǧǫȁȁ ǞǼǷ ǹƘǌƥ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ǺǷ ƨǴǇǂŭơ ƩơǂǌǼǳơ ǹƗ ńƛ ƧǁƢǋȍơ ǁƾšȁ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƢǿƢǨǓƗ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧȂǬǳơ ȄǴǟ ƢƆǈȈǇƘƫ Ǯǳƿȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧȂǫ ȆǈƬǰƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƨǼȀŭơ ǶȈǜǼƫȁ ȅƾǬǼǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơȁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ȄǴǟ ÎÖÕÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÍ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ
.(ƩơǂǌǼǳơ ǽǀŮ ÎÐÎȁÎÏÎ ǹƢƫƽƢŭơ)
ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ Î Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢơ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǸǔƫ Ǿƫơƿ ǩƢȈǈǳơ Ŀȁ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǾǼǸǔƫ ƢǷ ƔȂǓ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǱƢǠǧȋ ƢƆŻǂš ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ƢȀȈǳƛ ǶǔǼƫ ǹƗ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ŕƷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗȁ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ
ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƨǸǜǻȋơȁ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƢȀǏǂƷ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǴǠƫȁ .ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ
ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ Ŀ ƔƢƳ ƢǷ ǀȈǨǼƫ ȄǴǟ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ǎƻȋƢƥȁ ƨǨǴƬƼŭơ ƢēƢǘǴǇ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ
ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơȁ FATF ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ řǠŭơ ŅƢŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǫȇǂǧ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ śǠƥǁȋơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǞǈƬǳơ
ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ (Î) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǷ ÎÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ȁƗ ǂǋƢƦǷ Ǫȇǂǘƥ ƆȏơȂǷƗ ǱĈȂƷ ȁƗ ǲǬǻ ȁƗ ǞŦ ȁƗ ǵƾǫ ȁƗ ƤǈƬǯơ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƪǫƚŭơ ȁƗ ƾƥƚŭơ
ȅƗ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ƢȀǔǠƥ ȁƗ ƢȀǴǯ ǵƾƼƬǈƫ ǥȂǇ ƢĔƘƥ ǶǴǠǳơ ǞǷ ȁƗ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ ƾǐǬƥ ǂǋƢƦǷ Śǣ
ƔơȂǇ ƢȀƳǁƢƻ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǲƻơƽ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ
.ǞǬȇ Ń ȁƗ ǁȂǯǀŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǟǫȁ
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ǱƽƢǠƫ ƩƢǰǴƬŲ ȁƗ ƢēȐǐƸƬǷȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǲŰ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƧǁƽƢǐŠ ǶǰŹȁ

ǁƽƢǐǷ ǺǷ ƪƦǈƬǯơ ȃǂƻƗ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŠ ƪǘǴƬƻơ ȁƗ ƢƆȈƟǄƳ ȁƗ ƢƆȈǴǯ ƪǳƾƥ ȁƗ ƪǳĈȂƷ ơƿƛ ƢȀƬǸȈǫ
."ƨǟȁǂǌǷ
ƢȀǴǠƴǧ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǱƢǠǧȋ ǞǇȂǷ ǱȂǳƾŠ ǀƻƗ ļơǁƢǷȍơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǹƗ ƶǓơȂǳơ ǺǷȁ
.ǲȇȂƸƬǳơ ȁƗ ǲǬǼǳơ ȁƗ ǞǸŪơ ȁƗ ŉƾǬƬǳơ ȁƗ ƣƢǈƬǯȏơ ǲǸǌƫ
ǲǯ ƪǫƚŭơ ȁƗ ƾƥƚŭơ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǎǼǳơ ÎÐ ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ǝǂǌŭơ ǥƢǓƗȁ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǽǀǿ ƨǠȈƦǗ ǽĈȂǷ ȁƗ ȆǨƻƗ ȁƗ ǂƻƕ ǎƼǋ ƣƢǈū ȏƆ ơȂǷƗ ǝƽȁƗ ȁƗ ǱȂƷ ȁƗ ǲǬǻ ǺǷ
ǂǋƢƦǷ Ǫȇǂǘƥ ƢȀǠǷ ǲǷƢǠƫ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǽǀǿ ǃƢƷ ǺǷ ǲǯ ơǀǯȁ ƢĔƢǰǷ ȁƗ ƢǿǁƾǐǷ ƨǬȈǬƷ ȁƗ
ȁƗ ƢȀǴǯ ǵƾƼƬǈƫ ǥȂǇ ƢĔƘƥ ǶǴǠǳơ ǞǷ ȁƗ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ ƾǐǬƥ Ǯǳƿ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ǂǋƢƦǷ Śǣ ȁƗ
ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǲƻơƽ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ȅƗ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ƢȀǔǠƥ
".ǞǬȇ Ń ȁƗ ǁȂǯǀŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǟǫȁ ƔơȂǇ ƢȀƳǁƢƻ
ƪǳĈȂƷ ơƿƛ ƢȀƬǸȈǫ ǱƽƢǠƫ ƩƢǰǴƬŲ ȁƗ ƢēȐǐƸƬǷȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǲŰ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƧǁƽƢǐŠ" ǶǰŹȁ
."ƨǟȁǂǌǷ ǁƽƢǐǷ ǺǷ ƪƦǈƬǯơ ȃǂƻƗ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŠ ƪǘǴƬƻơ ȁƗ ƢƆȈƟǄƳ ȁƗ ƢƆȈǴǯ ƪǳƾƥ ȁƗ
ǹȂȈǇƢǇȋơ ǹȂǳȂǸŭơ ƢȀƦǰƫǂȇ Ŗǳơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ƾǼǟ ǦǬƫ ȏ ŉǂƴƬǳơ ƧǂƟơƽ ǹƗ ǚƷȐȇȁ
ǮǴƫ ǲưǷ ǲǬǻ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ƔơȂǇ Ǯǳƿ ǲȈȀǈƫ ȄǴǟ ƾǟƢǈȇ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǲǸǌƫ ǲƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƴǴǳ
ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǽǀǿ ƨǠȈƦǗ ǾȇȂŤ ȁƗ ƔƢǨƻƛ ȁƗ ǂƻƕ ǎƼǋ ƣƢǈū ƢȀǟơƾȇƛ ȁƗ ƢȀǴȇȂŢ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ
ȁƗ ǂǋƢƦǷ Ǫȇǂǘƥ ƢȀǠǷ ǲǷƢǠƫ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǽǀǿ ǃƢƷ ǺǷ ǲǯ ơǀǯȁ ƢĔƢǰǷ ȁƗ ƢǿǁƾǐǷ ƨǬȈǬƷ
ǹƘƥ ǶǴǠǳơ Ŀ ǲưǸƬŭơ ȆƟƢǼŪơ ƾǐǬǳơ ƪƦưȇ ǹƗ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨȈǳȁƚǈŭơ ƽƢǬǠǻȏ ǕǂƬǌȇȁ .ǂǋƢƦǷ Śǣ
ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ȅƗ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ǵƾƼƬǈƫ ǥȂǇ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǮǴƫ
.ǞǬȇ Ń ȁƗ ĺƢǿǁȍơ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǟǫȁ ƔơȂǇ ƢȀƳǁƢƻ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǲƻơƽ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
Ƥǰƫǁơ ȅȂǼǠǷ ǎƼǋ ǲǯ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨȈǳȁƚǈŭơ ǲǸǌƫ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǷ ÏÒ ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ȁƗ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȃƾƷƛ ǽƙȐǯȁ ȁƗ ǽȁǂȇƾǷ ȁƗ ǽȂǴưŲ
."ǾƥƢǈū ȁƗ ǾũƢƥ ƪǠǫȁ ơƿƛ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ơȂŷƢǇ
Ǻǟ Ǧǌǰǳơ ƩƢȈǳƕ ŀƢǠƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈƟơǂƳȍơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǾǼǷ ÐÏ ńƛ ÐÍ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ ǶǜǼƫȁ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǚǨƸƬǳơȁ ƾȈǸƴƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌȇ Ŗǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ
Ŗǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơ ǁơƾǏƛ ƨǟǂǇ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈƥƢǫǂǳơ ƩƢȀƴǴǳ ƶȈƬȇ ȂŴ ȄǴǟ
ƩƢǘǴǈǳ ƶȈƬƫ ƢǸǯ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ǵƾƼƬǈƫ ǥȂǇ ȁƗ ƨǷƾƼƬǈǷ ƢĔƗ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌȇ
ǱơȂǷƗ ƾȈǸš ǹƘǌƥ ǾǼǟ ƨǬưƦǼŭơ ǹƢƴǴǳơȁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ śǠǳƢǔǳơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ
ǚǨƸƬǳơ ƨǘǴǇ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǂǜǼǳƢƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǸǰƄơ ǾǼǷ ÐÑ ƧƽƢŭơ ǱȂţȁ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ƾƷƗ Ǻǟ ƨšƢǼǳơ ƩȐǐƸƬŭơ ȁƗ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ȄǴǟ
63
ȃƾǳ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƾȈǸš ȁƗ ǚǨƸƬǳơ Ʃơǁơǂǫ ǀȈǨǼƫ ǶƬȇȁ .ƨǸǯƢƄơ ǺǷ ƔƢȀƬǻȏơ śū ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ŀ
.ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Śǌȇȁ
ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ǾǻƗ ńƛ (S/2003/280 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǂǷƘȇ ǹƗ ƨǳȁƾǳƢƥ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐǸǴǳ ǹȂǰȇ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ Ñ
ƽȂƳȁ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀȁ ǲǸǟ ǵƢȇƗ ƨǠƦǇ ȄǴǟ ƾȇǄƫ ȏ Ƨƾŭ ƢȀȈǧ ǾƦƬǌȇ Ŗǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƾȈǸƴƬƥ ơƆǁȂǧ
ȁƗ ƾȈǸƴƬǳơ Ŀ ǁơǂǸƬǇȏƢƥ ǂǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ńƛ ǾƬǳƢƷƛ ǶƬȇ ǽƢƦƬǋȏơ Ǯǳƿ ƧȂǫ ȄǴǟ ǲƟȏƽ
ơƿƛ ƢǷ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀȁ .ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ Ŀ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƢȀǫǂǤƬǈȇ Ŗǳơ ƧƾǸǴǳ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǮǴƫ ȄǴǟ ǚǨƸƬǳơ
ǮǴƬǳ ǹȂǰȇ ǂǷȋơ ǹƜǧ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǸǰƄơ ńƛ ƢȀƬǳƢƷƜƥ ȃȂǟƾǳơ Ŀ Śǈǳơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ Ʃǁǂǫ
.Ǆƴūơ ƔƢǤǳƜƥ ȁƗ ƧƽƾŰ Śǣ Ƨƾŭ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǮǴƫ ȄǴǟ ȆǜǨƸƬǳơ Ǆƴūơ Ŀ ǂǜǼǳƢƥ ƨǸǰƄơ
ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Õ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ǾǻƗ ńƛ ƧǁƢǋȍơ ǁƾš ƢǸǯ
ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơ Ƨǂūơ ǪǗƢǼŭơ ǵǄƬǴƫ ÏÍÍÑ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ ÎÑ Ŀ ǁƾǏ ȅǀǳơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ Ƨǂūơ ǪǗƢǼŭơ
ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏơ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ŉǂš ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ǻǟ ƨƠǋƢǼǳơ ȃǂƻȋơ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ)
.(S/2005/573 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ
ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ǺǷ ƾȇƾǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ Ʃǀţơ
ǀǧƢǼǷȁ ƽȁƾūơ ȄǴǟ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƨȈƫơǁƢǷȍơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ƽƾǌƫ ƿƛ .ƽȁƾūơȁ ǀǧƢǼŭơ ƨƦǫơǂŠ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ
ǲǸǠƫȁ ƨǫƽ ǲǰƥ ƧǂƴŮơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ƨƦǫơǂǷ ȄǴǟ ǍǂŢȁ .ƨǳȁƾǳơ ńƛȁ ǺǷ ǱȂƻƾǳơȁ ƱȁǂŬơ
ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƔƢũƗ ƾǏǁ Ļ ƾǫȁ .ƢŮȐƻ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ȁƗ ƨǧǂǘƬǷ ǂǏƢǼǟ ƨȇƗ ǲǴǈƫ ǞǼǷ ȄǴǟ
ȄǴǟ ƢȀǸȈǸǠƫȁ ƔơƽȂǈǳơ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ Ŀ ǶǿƙƢũƗ Ʃƽǁȁ Ǻȇǀǳơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ Ŀ śǗǁȂƬŭơ
ȄǴǟ ȅȂƬŹ ƨǳȁƾǳơ řǗơȂŭ ƾȇƾƳ ǂǨǇ ǃơȂƳ ǁƾǏƌƗȁ .ƨȇƽȁƾūơ ǀǧƢǼŭơȁ ƞǻơȂŭơȁ ƩơǁƢǘŭơ
ǂǨǈǳơ ƩơǃơȂƳ ƾǬǧ Ǻǟ ǡȐƥȍơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ƾȇƾǌƫȁ Ǿƥ ƮƦǠǳơ ȁƗ ǽǂȇȁǄƫ ǞǼŭ ƨȈǳƢǟ ƨȈǼǬƫ
ǺǷȉơ ƿȐŭơ ŚǧȂƫ ǵƾǟ ȄǴǟ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǍǂƷ ǵƾǬƫ ƢǷ ńƛ ǥƢǔȇ .ƢĔƘǌƥ ǵǁƢǏ ǲǰǌƥ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơȁ
.śȈƥƢǿǁȎǳ ǺǷȉơ ƿȐŭơ ǹȁǂǧȂȇ ȁƗ ƢĔȂƦǰƫǂȇ ȁƗ ƢĔȁǂȇƾȇ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǹȂǳȂŻ Ǻŭ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳƢƥ ǱƾǠŭơ ÎÖÔÐ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ǽǀǿ ȄǴǟ ǎǻ ƾǫȁ
ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÏÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǐǻ ƢǸǯ .ǶȀƬǷƢǫƛȁ ƤǻƢƳȋơ ǱȂƻƽ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ
ƨȇǂƸǴǳ ƧƾȈǬǷ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ œǼƳƗ ȄǴǟ ǶǰƷ ơƿƛ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ÎÖÕÔ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ
ƽƢǠƥȍƢƥ ǂǷȋơ ƤŸȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ǻǟ ǽƽƢǠƥƜƥ ƢȀǸǰƷ Ŀ ǂǷƘƫ ǹƗ ƨǸǰƸǸǴǳ ǃƢƳ ƨƸǼƳ ȁƗ ƨȇƢǼƳ Ŀ
64
ǺǷ ȏƾƥ ƽƢǠƥȍƢƥ Ƕǰūơ ƶǼŪơ ƽơȂǷ Ŀ ƨǸǰƸǸǴǳ ǃȂŸȁ .ǑǂǠǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨǠǫơȂǳơ ƩƢȇƢǼŪơ Ŀ
."ƨƸǼƴǴǳ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƨȇǂƸǴǳ ƧƾȈǬŭơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳƢƥ ǾȈǴǟ Ƕǰūơ
ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Śǌȇȁ
ƩơȂǫ ǪƫƢǟ ȄǴǟ ǞǬƫ ƽȁƾūơ ƨǇơǂƷ ƨȈǳȁƚǈǷ ǹƗ ńƛ (S/2003/1211 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ
ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ǵƢǜǻ ǞǓȂƥ ƪǷƢǫ ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ǽǀǿ ǹƗȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǞǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǳƢƥ ƽȁƾūơ ǅǂƷ
ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƩƢǻƢȈƦǳơȁ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ȄǴǟ ȅȂƬŹ ƱȁǂŬơȁ ǱȂƻƾǳơ ǕƢǬǻ ǞȈŦ Ŀ ƾƷȂǷ
ǢǴƦȇȁ .ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǶƟơȂǬǳơ ǵƢǜǻ ǀȈǨǼƫ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ǺȇǁƽƢǤŭơȁ śǷƽƢǬǳƢƥȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ śǸȈǬŭơ ǞȈǸŝ
.ƾȇƾŪơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǳȂǸǌǷ ƢȀǠȈŦȁ ƨǘǬǻ ÏÔ ƨǳȁƾǳƢƥ ƱȁǂŬơȁ ǱȂƻƾǳơ ǕƢǬǻ ƽƾǟ
ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷȁ ƩƢǻƢȈƥ ƧƾǟƢǫ ƔƢǌǻƛ

ǶƬē ƧǁȂǘƬǷ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ƧƾǟƢǫ ƨȈƫơǁƢǷȍơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ƩƘǌǻƗ ǵƾǬƫ ƢǷ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ
Ŗǳơ ƢȇȐŬơȁ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ƨǧǂǠǷȁ ƱǁƢŬơȁ ǲƻơƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơȁ ƨǧǂǘƬŭơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ǂǐŞ
.ƢēƢǘǘűȁ ƢȀǧơƾǿƗȁ ƢȀǸǟƾƫ
śƥ ƨȇǂǇȁ ƨǴƳƢǟ ƨǨǐƥ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǲȈȀǈƫ ȄǴǟ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǲǸǠƫȁ
ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƭȂƸƦǳơ ǞȈƴǌƫȁ Ƕǟƽ ǞǷ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơȁ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƧƾǠǏȋơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƧǄȀƳȋơ
ǾƦȈǳƢǇƗȁ ǾƥƢƦǇƗ ȄǴǟ ǥǂǠƬǴǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȈǴŢȁ ƨǇơǁƽ ȄǴǟ ƢȀưƷȁ ƩƢǇơǁƾǳơȁ ƭȂƸƦǳơ ǄǯơǂǷȁ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǺǷ ǞǬȇ ƢǷ ǲȈǴŢȁ ƨǇơǁƽȁ ǾƬȀƳơȂǷ ƨȈǨȈǯȁ ǾǼǟ ƨŦƢǼǳơ ǁƢƯȉơȁ ǾǴƟƢǇȁȁ
.ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǂǸƬǈǷ ǁȂǘƫ ǪȈǬŢȁ ƢȀȈǧȐƬǳ ƨȀƳơȂŭơ ȁƗ ƽơƾǠƬǇȏơ Ŀ ǁȂǐǬǳơ ǾƳȁƗ ǍȐƼƬǇơȁ
ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ƽƾǌƫ ơȂǻƢǯ ƢǸǼȇƗ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ńƛ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǺǷ ǝȂǻ ȅƗ ǱƢǬƬǻơ ǞǼǷ ȄǴǟ ƢƆǏǂƷ
ƽơȂŭơ ǂƟƢǇȁ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋƢƥ śǴǷƢǠƬŭơ ȄǴǟ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƨȈƫơǁƢǷȍơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ
Ļ ƢǸǯ .ƢȀȈǧ ǁƢšȏơȁ ǱȁơƾƬǳơȁ ǱƢǸǠƬǇȏơȁ ǲǬǼǳơȁ ǂȇƾǐƬǳơȁ ƽơŚƬǇȏơ ƮȈƷ ǺǷ ƧǂǘŬơ
ƨƸǴǇƗ ǂȇȂǘƫ Ŀ ǵƾƼƬǈƫ ǹƗ ǺǰŻ Ŗǳơ ƨȇȁƢǸȈǰǳơ ƽơȂŭơ ǂȇƾǐƫȁ ƽơŚƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƾȇƾǌƫ
.ǲǷƢǌǳơ ǁƢǷƾǳơ
ƨȇǁƢǼǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ǾƫȐȇƾǠƫȁ ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƩǁƾǏƗ ƾǫȁ
ƢȀǴǬǻȁ ƢȀǼȇǄţȁ Ƣǿǂȇƾǐƫȁ ƢǿƽơŚƬǇȏ ǖƥơȂǓ ǾǼȈǸǔƫ Ȇǟȁǁȁ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ
.ƢēǃƢȈƷȁ Ƣđ ǁƢšȏơȁ ƢŮƢǸǠƬǇơȁ
ȁƗ ȅǁƢǻ ƵȐǇ ȅƗ řƬǬȇ ǹƗ ȅȂǼǠǷ ȁƗ ȆǠȈƦǗ ǎƼǋ ȅȋ ǃȂŸ ȏ ơǀŮ ƢǬƦǗȁ
Ȑ
Ɔ ǏƢƷ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ȏƐ ƛ ǁȂǐǳơ ǺǷ ƧǁȂǏ ƨȇƘƥ ǾȈǧ ǥǂǐƬȇ ȁƗ ǂƴƬȇ ȁƗ ƧǂƴǨƬǷ ƽơȂǷ ȁƗ ǂƟƢƻƿ
.ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬƦǗ ǎȈƻǂƬǳơ ƶǼǷ ƨǳȂƼŭơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǺǷ Ǯǳǀƥ ǎȈƻǂƫ ȄǴǟ
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ƨƸǴǇȌǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ǺǷȋơȁ ƨǗǂǌǳơȁ ǝƢǧƾǳơ ƩơȂǫ ǵƾǬƬŭơ Ƕǰūơ ǺǷ ŘưƬǈƫȁ
.ǶȀǴǸǠǳ ƨǐǐƼŭơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨȇǁƢǼǳơ
ƨƸǴǇȋơ ƧǃƢȈƷ ȄǴǟ ƨǷǁƢǏ ƨƥƢǫǁ Ǒǂǧ ƨȇǁƢǼǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǎȈƻơǂƫ ƶǼǷ ǵƢǈǫƗ ńȂƬƫȁ
Ƣđ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơȁ ǎȈƻơǂƬǳơ ǺǷ ǝȂǼǳơ ơǀŮ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ǍȂǐǼǳơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿȁ ƢŮȁơƾƫȁ
.śǨǳƢƼŭơ ǖƦǓȁ
ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƧǂǘŬơ ƽơȂŭơ ǞȈŦ ƾȈȈǬƬǳ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ʃǀţơ ƾǫ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǹƘƥ (S/2005/573 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ
ƨǼƸǋ ƨȇƗ Ǻǟ ƱǂǨȇ ȏȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ǭǁƢǸŪơ ƩƢǘǴǇ ȃƾǳ ƢŮƢǰǋƗ ǞȈǸŝ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ
ƽơŚƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƾȇƾǌƫ Ǯǳǀǯ ǶƬȇȁ .ƨǠƦƬŭơ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǱƢǸǰƬǇơ ƾǠƥ ȏƐ ƛ
ƾȇƾǌƫȁ ǲǷƢǌǳơ ǁƢǷƾǳơ ƨƸǴǇƗ ǂȇȂǘƫ Ŀ ǵƾƼƬǈƫ ǹƗ ǺǰŻ Ŗǳơ ƨȇȁƢǸȈǰǳơ ƽơȂŭơ ǂȇƾǐƫȁ
ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ƩƢǟƽȂƬǈǷ ƨǇơǂƷȁ ǂȇƾǐƬǳơȁ ƽơŚƬǇȏơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳ ƨȇƽȁƾūơ ǀǧƢǼŭơ ȄǴǟ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ
ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǹǃƢƼŭ ƧǂǸƬǈǷ ǊȈƬǨƫ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƔơǂƳƛȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǺǷ ǂǏƢǼǟ ƨǘǇơȂƥ
.ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơȁ ƢȀǴǬǻȁ ƢȀǠȈǼǐƫȁ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ƔƢǼƬǫơ ȄǴǟ ƨǷǁƢǏ ƨƥƢǫǁ Ǒǂǧȁ
ƨǷȐǈǳơȁ ƨȈǻƾŭơ ƨȇƢǫȂǳơ ǶǈǬǳ ǞƥƢƬǳơ ƧǂǘŬơ ƽơȂŭơȁ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ƨƦǫơǂǷ ǝǂǧ ńȂƬȇȁ
ǺȇǄţȁ ǵơƾƼƬǇơȁ Ǳȁơƾƫȁ ǲǬǻ ƩƢǗơǂƬǋơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ȄǴǟ ǥơǂǋȍơ ňƾŭơ ǝƢǧƾǴǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ Ƨǁơƽȍơ
.ƢǿǀȈǨǼƫ ƨǠƥƢƬǷȁ ƨȈǸǴǈǳơ ǑơǂǣȌǳ ƧǂƴǨƬŭơ ƽơȂŭơ
ƨƸǴǇȋơ ƽơŚƬǇƢƥ ƨǴǏ Ʃơƿ ƩƢȀƳ ƾƳȂƫ ȏ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ƽơŚƬǇƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ
ȁƗ ǱȂƻƾƥ ƶǸǈȇ ȏȁ .ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǺǷȋơȁ ƨƸǴǈŭơ ƩơȂǬǴǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƧƽƢȈǬǳơ ȃȂǇ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ
.ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǺǷ ǹƿƜƥ ȏƛ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ȆǓơǁƗ Őǟ ƨȀƳ ȅƗ ńƛ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǺǷ ǝȂǻ ȅƗ ǁȁǂǷ
ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǲǇǂŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƾȈǨȇ
ǞŦ ǞǼŭ ƨȇǁơƽƛ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ Ʃǀţơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǹƘƥ (S/2003/1211 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ Ŀ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇȏ ƪǻƢǯ ƨǴȈǇȁ ƨȇƘƥ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ȄǴǟ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǼǗơȂǷ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ǱơȂǷȋơ
ƨǨǴƬƼŭơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀƴǴǳ ƢǬƥƢǇ ƪƸǼǷ Ŗǳơ ƶȇǁƢǐƬǳơ ƨǧƢǯ ƔƢǤǳƛ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ
ƢǷƗ .ǂŧȋơ ǱȐŮơ ƨƠȈȀǯ ƨǷȂǰūơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǥǂǌƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ȄǴǟ Ǯǳƿ Ʃǂǐǫȁ
Ð ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǐǻ ƾǬǧ ƨȈǼȀŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ȁƗ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ȁƗ ƨȈǻȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢȈǠǸƴǴǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ
ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ÏÍÍÍ/ÏÑ Ƕǫǁ ǶȈǸǠƬǳơ Ŀ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨȀƳơȂǷ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǵƢǜǻ ǺǷ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ȄǴǟ ÏÍÍÍ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÎÑ
ƨȈǴǏƗ ƧƽƢȀǋ ǵƾǬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǮǴƬǳ ȏƐ ƛ ƩƢƥƢǈūơ ƶƬǧ ǵƾǟ ǮǼƦǳơ ȄǴǟ ƤŸ"
ƢŮ ƵƢǸǈǳơȁ ƢȀƬȈǐƼǋ ƾǯƚƫ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ŅƢǠǷ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƨǠǫȂǷ
."ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƩƢƥƢǈūơ ƶƬǨƥ
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ÎÖÔÑ ǵƢǠǳ (Ó) Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǶǜǼȇȁ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǞǸŝ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸƴǴǳ ƶȇǂǐƬǳơ ÎÖÖÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÑÕ Ƕǫǁ ȅǁơǃȂǳơ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǶǜǼȇȁ
ƢƆǬƦǗȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ Ǻǟ ǁƽƢǏ ǎȈƻǂƫ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơ Ǯǳǀǳ ǕǂƬǌȇȁ
Ǻǟ ƱǁƢƼǴǳ ƩơƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫ ƨȇŚŬơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ǺǷ ƤǴǘȇ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÐÕ Ƕǫǁ ȅǁơǃȂǳơ ǁơǂǬǴǳ
.ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈũǂǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƢǿƽƾŢ Ŗǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ȁƗ ǂŧȋơ ǱȐŮơ ƨƠȈǿ ǪȇǂǗ
ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƨǐƻǂǷ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǹƘƥ (S/2005/573 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ÏÍÍÒ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ Ï ƹǁƚŭơȁ ǺǷȋơ
ƢƆǬǧȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƨƦǫơǂǷȁ
ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƶƟơȂǴǳơȁ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÔÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋ
ƨǨǏ Ǿǳ ǶȈǜǼƫ Ʃơƿ ƨǟƢŦ ǲǯ" ƢĔƘƥ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ Î ƧƽƢŭơ ǥǂǠƫȁ .Ǿƥ ƨǏƢŬơ
ǪȈǬŢ ƾǐǬƥ śȇǁƢƦƬǟơ ȁƗ śȈǠȈƦǗ ǍƢƼǋƗ ǺǷ Ǧǳƚƫ ƨǼȈǠǷ Śǣ ȁƗ ƨǼȈǠǷ Ƨƾŭ ǁơǂǸƬǇȏơ
Ǒǂǣ ǪȈǬŢ ȁƗ ƨȈǻƢǈǻƛ ƩƢǷƾƻ ŉƾǬƫ ȁƗ řǧ ȁƗ ȅȂƥǂƫ ȁƗ ĿƢǬƯ ȁƗ řȇƽ ȁƗ ȆǟƢǸƬƳơ ǕƢǌǻ
ƨȇȂǼǠŭơ ȁƗ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨǻȁƢǠŭơ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ Ǯǳƿ ǹƢǯ ƔơȂǇ ƨȇƢǟǂǳơ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿ Śǣ ȁƗ Őǳơ ǑơǂǣƗ ǺǷ
ǞȈŦ Ŀ ȄǠǈƫȁ ƨȈǼǨǳơ ƧŐŬơ ȁƗ ƨȇȂǼǠŭơ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ ńƛ ƢȀƬǘǌǻƗ ǞȈŦ Ŀ ȄǠǈƫȁ ƧŐŬơ ȁƗ
."ȅƽƢǷ ƶƥǁ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơ ǹȁƽ ǽƾƷȁ ǵƢǠǳơ ŁƢǐǴǳ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǮǴƫ Ŀ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ ńƛ ƢȀƬǘǌǻƗ
ƾƷƗ Ŀ ƢȀũƢƥ ƨȇƾǬǼǳơ ƢŮơȂǷƗ ǝƽȂƫ ǹƗ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ȄǴǟ" ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÏÖ ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ǃȂŸ ȏ" ǾǻƘƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÐÒ ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫȁ ." Ǯǳǀƥ ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ǂǘţ ǹƗȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ǥǁƢǐŭơ
.ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ǺǷ Ǯǳǀƥ ǪƥƢǇ ǎȈƻǂƫ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơ ƾǠƥ ȏƛ ƨǴȈǇȁ ƨȇƘƥ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞŦ ƨȈǠǸƴǴǳ
ƨǳȁƽ ƱǁƢƻ ǺǷ ƨȀƳ ȁƗ ǎƼǋ ȅƗ ǺǷ ƩƢǻƢǟƛ ȁƗ ǞǧƢǼǷ ȁƗ ƩƢƦǿ ǱȂƦǫ ƢŮ ǃȂŸ ȏ ƢǸǯ
."ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ǺǷ Ǯǳǀƥ ǎȈƻǂƫ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơ ǲƦǫ ƢȀƸǼǷ ȁƗ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ
ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ǽƾǟƗ ȅǀǳơ" ƨǳơȂūơ ƔƢǘǇȁ" ǲȈƴǈƫ ǵƢǜǼǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ Ǿƫơƿ ǩƢȈǈǳơ Ŀȁ
Ǻǟ ǲȈǏƢǨƬƥ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ƾȇȁǄƬƥ ƔƢǘǇȂǳơ ǮƠǳȁƗ ǵǄƬǴȇ ÏÍÍÐ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ Î Ŀ
ƧƾǠŭơ ƱƿƢǸǼǳơ Ǫǧȁ ƨǿȂƦǌǷ ƩȏơȂƷ ƨȇƗ Ǻǟ ǡȐƥȍơȁ ǶȀƬǧǂǠŠ ƧƽǁơȂǳơȁ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩȏơȂūơ
ƩƢȈǴǸǠƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơȁ ƩƢǻƢȈƦǳơȁ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭƢƥ ǙƢǨƬƷȏơ śǠƬȇȁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ǺǷ
ƨƳƢūơ ƾǼǟ ƢȀŻƾǬƫ ǥƾđ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ȄǔƬǬŠ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏ Ƨƾŭ "ƨǳơȂūơ ƔƢǘǇȁ"
ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ) .Ǯǳƿ ǂǷȋơ ȄǔƬǫơ ŕǷ ƩƢƦƯƛ ǲȈǳƾǯ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơȁ
.(S/2005/573 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ ÏÍÍÒ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ Ï ƹǁƚŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ó
Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǸǔǻơ
.ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƽƾǠǳ ƢȀǷơǂƥƛ Ǻǟ Ȑ
Ɔ ǔǧ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǫȐǠǳơ
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‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬

:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǫĈƾǏ
.ÎÖÖÕ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÏÏ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
.(ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳÎÍÐ Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ) ÎÖÖÖ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ Ô Ŀ ǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǄȈƷ ƪǴƻƽȁ
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ
(ÏÍÍÑ) ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ
.ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÑ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǩĈƾǐŭơȁ
.(ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÐ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢơ ǵȂǇǂǷ) ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ǑƢȇǂǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩȏƢů Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǼƯ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ Ƨƾǟ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǷǂƥƗ
ƨǰǴǸŭơȁ (ÎÖÔÒ ǵƢǠǳ "ÐÏ" Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ) ǆǻȂƫ Ȅǿȁ ƨȈƦǼƳƗȁ ƨȈƥǂǟ Ǳȁƽ ǞǷ Ņȁƾǳơ
"ÎÏ" Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ) ƨȇǁȂǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơȁ (ÎÖÔÕ ǵƢǠǳ "ÕÍ" Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ)ƨȈƥǂǤŭơ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ǂǐǷ ƨȇǁȂȀŦȁ (ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ "ÎÍÓ" Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ) ƨȈǻƽǁȋơ ƨǰǴǸŭơȁ (ÎÖÕÍ ǵƢǠǳ
(ÏÍÍÍ ǵƢǠǳ "ÐÐ" Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ) ƾǼŮơ ƨȇǁȂȀŦȁ (ÏÍÍÍ ǵƢǠǳ "ÕÐ" Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ)
Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ) ƨȇǂƟơǄŪơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ȁ (ÎÖÕÏ ǵƢǠǳ "ÖÒ" Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ) ƨȈǳƢǷȂǐǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơȁ
ǁƾǏ ƢǸǯ (ÎÖÖÏ ǵƢǠǳ "ÐÎ" Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂǷ) ƨȈǈǻǂǨǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ȁ (ÎÖÕÑ ǵƢǠǳ "ÎÏ"
ƢȇǁȂǇ ǞǷ ňȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÓÍ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
śǐǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀŦ ǞǷ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÒ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơȁ
ƨȇǁȂȀŦ ǞǷ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÓ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơȁ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơ
ƨǳƽƢƦƬŭơ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ǱȂƷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ Õ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơȁ ƢȈǼȈǷǁƗ
ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÏ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơȁ ǹơƽȂǈǳơ ǞǷ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ
.ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ǹƢƬǈǯƢƥ ƨȇǁȂȀŦ ƨǷȂǰƷ ǞǷ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǹƘǌƥ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ)
.(S/2005/573 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺝ‬

ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǸǔǻơ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
.ÎÖÕÎ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÎÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ .(ÎÖÓÐ ȂȈǯȂǗ)
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Ļ (ÎÖÔÍ ȅƢǿȏ) ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

.ÎÖÕÎ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÎÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ
ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ð
.ÎÖÕÎ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÎÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÔÎ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ)
ǹơŚǘǳơ ǵƾţ Ŗǳơ ƩơǁƢǘŭơ Ŀ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Ñ
ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫƢƥ ǪƸǴŭơ Ņȁƾǳơ
.ÎÖÕÖ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Ö ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǾȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ .ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ
Ļ (ÎÖÖÎ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ) ƢȀǨǌǯ ǑǂǤƥ ƨȈǰȈƬǇȐƦǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǄȈȈŤ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ò
.ÎÖÖÏ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÏÎ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ
ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ó
ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÔÐ) ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨƦǫƢǠŭơȁ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ
.ÏÍÍÐ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÒ
ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǩĈƾǏ (ÎÖÔÖ) ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ô
ÏÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļȁ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÓÔ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ÏÍÍÐ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ
ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǩĈƾǏ (ÎÖÔÖ) ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Õ
/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÎÓ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļȁ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÓÓ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ
.ÏÍÍÐ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ
ǵƢǠǳ ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ö
.ÎÖÕÕ
ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƢǐǼŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ ÎÍ
ǱȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ǩĈƾǏ ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǠǳ ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ
ǄȈƷ Ȑƻƽȁ ÏÍÍÒ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÐÍ Ŀ ÔÒ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ
.ÏÍÍÒ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÑ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ƿƢǨǼǳơ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǩĈƾǏ ÎÖÖÔ ǵƢǠǳ ǲƥƢǼǬǳƢƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÎ
ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ ÎÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÖÏ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ
.ÏÍÍÒ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļȁ ÏÍÍÒ
ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÏ
ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ ÎÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ (ÖÎ) Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ÏÍÍÒ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÐ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļȁ ÏÍÍÒ
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ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ ȅȁȂǼǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÐ
ÏÍÍÕ ǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÍ
ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ
ńȂƬȇ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǁȂƬǇƽ ǺǷ ÑÔ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ñ ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫ
Ŀ ǁƾǐȇ ǵȂǇǂǷ ƤƳȂŠ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ ƽƢŢȐǳ ȄǴǟȋơ ǆǴĐơ
śǻơȂǬǳơ ƽƢŢȏơ ǆȈƟǁ ǞǫȂȇ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÒÑ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ñ ƧǂǬǨǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ .ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ
.ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơȁ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ǶȈǇơǂŭơ ƢȀǼǷȁ Ƣǿǁƾǐȇȁ ǶȈǇơǂŭơȁ
ƾȈǠǏ ȄǴǟ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƿƢǨǻƜƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ
ƢȀȈǧ ǹȂǰȇ Ŗǳơ ƩȏƢūơ Ŀ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ Ǯǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƿƢǨǻƛ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ Ʊǁƽ ƾǬǧ "ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ"
ƤǴǘƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩȏƢūơ Ŀ ƢǷƗ řǗȂǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǲƻƾƫ ńƛ ƨƳƢƷ ǹȁƽ ǪȈƦǘƬǴǳ ơƆǄǿƢƳ Ņȁƾǳơ Ǯǐǳơ
ǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǞǓȂǷ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǍȂǐǼǳơ ǞǓȂǳ ƨƦǇƢǼŭơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ Ǻǈȇ řǗȂǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǹƜǧ ǲƻƾƬǳơ ơǀǿ
.ȆƟơǄŪơ ǞƥƢǘǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǍȂǐǼǳơ Ŀ ǍƢƻ ǾƳȂƥ Ǯǳƿ ȄǴƴƬȇȁ
.(S/2003/1211 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǲǇǂŭơ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ǂǜǻơ
ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǒǠƥ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǺǼǫ ļơǁƢǷȍơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǹƗ ǚăƷȐĄȇȁ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǩĈƾǐƫ ǹƗ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ Śǌȇȁ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Î Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹƗ ńƛ (S/2005/573
ǶǔǼƫ ǹƗ ǲƦǫ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ƨǴǐƬŭơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƨǧƢǯ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǵĈǂš ƢƆǏȂǐǻ ǺǸǔƫ ƾǫ
.ƢȀȈǳƛ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢȈǳƕ

ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÖ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ƩǁƾǏƗ
ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ńƛ ǾƬƳƢƦȇƽ Ŀ Śǌȇ Ȃǿȁ .ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ
ǲǈǣ ŉǂš ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƢȀǼǷȁ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Î Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢơ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ
ǵƾǟ ǞǷ" ǾǻƘƥ ȆǔǬƬǧ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǇƢǇƗ ƧƾǟƢǫ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǇǂƫȁ
ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠŭơ Ǖǂǌƥȁ ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǰƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ǱȐƻȍơ
ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǞǷ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǱƽƢƦƬƫ
."ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬƦǗ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ
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ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ Ǖȁǂǋ ƮȈƷ ǺǷ ƔƢȈǋȋơȁ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǱȁƢǼƬȇȁ

ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ŀƢǠȇȁ .Ƣēơǁơǂǫ Ŀ ǺǠǘǳơȁ Ǿƥ ǂǷȋƢƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢȀŪơȁ ǾƫơƔơǂƳƛȁ Ǿǔǧǁ ƩȏƢƷȁ
Ŀ ƨǳƽƢƦƬŭơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơȁ ƔƢȈǋȋơ ƽơƽǂƬǇơȁ ǶȈǴǈƫȁ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƽơƽǂƬǇơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƢǔȇƗ
.ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ƨǳȁƽ ńƛ ǶȀȈǴǟ ǵȂǰƄơ ǲǬǻ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ǟƥơǂǳơ ƣƢƦǳơ ŀƢǠȇȁ .ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ
ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƱƿƢǸǼǳơ ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ǵơǄƬǳȏơ ȄǴǟ ļơǁƢǷȍơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǍǂŹȁ
ơǀǿ Ŀ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢǻƢǸǔǳơ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍ ǂǧȂȇȁ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ Ņȁƾǳơ
.ǹƘǌǳơ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ Śǌȇȁ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ƾȈǸƴƬƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǲƟƢǈŠ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ǾǻƗ ńƛ (S/2005/573)
ǶƟơǂƳ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǍȂǐǼǳơ ȄǴǟ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ǱȂǠȇ ƢēǁƽƢǐǷȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǚǨƸƬǳơȁ
ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ňȂǻƢǫ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ
.ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơȁ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Ô

ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁƾǏƗ
ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǽǀǿ ƪȈǘǟƗ ƾǫȁ .(ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Î Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ǞǇȁƗ ƩƢǏƢǐƬƻơ
ƨǴǐƬŭơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǶȈȈǬƫȁ ƨǠƥƢƬǷȁ ƨǳȁƾǳƢƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ śƥ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ ƪǴǸǌǧ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ǖǘŬơ ǞǓȂƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơȁ ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǎƻȋƢƥȁ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů Ʃơǁơǂǫ ǀȈǨǼƬƥ
Ŀ ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơȁ ƨȇǁơƽȍơȁ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨǸǜǻȋơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƵơǂƬǫơȁ ƩơǁȂǐƬǳơȁ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ƾȈǠǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨǳȁǀƦŭơ ƽȂȀŪơ ƾȈƷȂƫ ǲȈƦǇ
71
ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ

ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ
ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ƨǳȁƽ ǁȂƬǇƽ
ÎÖÔÎ ǁȂƬǇƽ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ (Î) Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ÎÖÕÔ ǵƢǠǳ (Ð) Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÖ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ
ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳƢƥ ǱƾǠŭơ ÎÖÔÐ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ƤǻƢƳȋơ ƨǷƢǫƛȁ ǱȂƻƽ
ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨȇǁƢǼǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ǾƫȐȇƾǠƫȁ ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÎ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơȁ
.ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÔÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ŉƾǬƬƥ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸƴǴǳ ƶȇǂǐƬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ƨǼǈǳ ÒÐÕ Ƕǫǁ ȅǁơǃȂǳơ ǁơǂǬǳơ
.ƱǁƢƼǴǳ ƩơƾǟƢǈǷ
ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ Î Ŀ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ǽƾǟƗ ȅǀǳơ" ƨǳơȂūơ ƔƢǘǇȁ" ǲȈƴǈƫ ǵƢǜǻ
.ÏÍÍÐ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳƢƥ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳÎÍÐ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳƢƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÑ Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ
Ƕǫǁ ȅƽƢŢȏơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ǑƢȇǂǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÐ
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ƮǳƢưǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ
ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ
ŉƾǬƫ
ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƾǳ ǶƟơƾǳơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ŚǷƗ ǁƾǏƗ ÏÍÍÑ ǾȈǻȂȇ /ǹơǂȇǄƷ Õ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ
ǺǸǔȇȁ ǁơǂǬǳơ ƿƢţơ Ŀ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ ƾǈŸȁ ǞǸƬƴǸǴǳ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ǶƟƢǟƾǳơ ȆǇǂȇ" ºǳ
ƨȈƦǳƢǣ ƨǬǧơȂǷ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ơǀǿ ǁƾǏȁ ." ƔƢǘǠŭơ ǺǗȂǳơ ơǀǿ ƔƢǼƥȋ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ ǩȂǬūơ
ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ƤƳȂŠȁ .ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǟ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÏÖ ǵȂȇ ȅǂƳƗ œǠǋ ƔƢƬǨƬǇơ Ŀ śǼǗơȂŭơ
ÎÖ Ŀ ǁƽƢǐǳơȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ Ǿƥ ȏȂǸǠǷ ǹƢǯ ȅǀǳơ ǱƾǠŭơ ƪǫƚŭơ ȆǇƢǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ȆǤǳƌƗ ƾȇƾŪơ
.ÎÖÔÏ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ
ƢȀǼȇƽ ƧƽƢȈǇ Ʃơƿ ƨǴǬƬǈǷ ƨȈƥǂǟ ƨǳȁƽ ǂǘǫ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ńȁȋơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ǶǰƷ" ǹƜǧ ƨǼǷƢưǳơ ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ ." ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƬǳ ȆǈȈƟǁ ǁƾǐǷ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơȁ ǵȐǇȍơ
ǺǷ ǶǇƢƳ Ǻƥ ƅ ơƾƦǟ ƾŧ Ǻƥ ƨǨȈǴƻ Ǻƥ ƾŧ ƨȇǁƿ Ŀȁ ňƢƯ Ǳƕ ƨǴƟƢǟ Ŀ ȆƯơǁȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
." ǁȂǯǀǳơ
ǽƽơȂǷ ǱȁƢǼƬƫȁ" ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢƦƳơȂǳơȁ ǩȂǬūơ" ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ƮǳƢưǳơ ƣƢƦǳơ ŀƢǠȇȁ
ǂǜƷ ȄǴǟ ÒÕ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƩƢȇǂƷȁ ǩȂǬƷ ƨǳƢǨǯȁ ƨǳƽƢǠǳơ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƩƢǻƢǸǓ
.śȈǇƢȈǈǳơ śƠƳȐǳơ ǶȈǴǈƫ
ǁƾǐǷ ƤǠǌǳơ" ǹȂǰȇ "ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǶȈǜǼƫ" ǾǻơȂǼǟȁ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ Ǟƥơǂǳơ ƣƢƦǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ǆǴů ńȂƬȇȁ .ƢĔȁƢǠƫ ǞǷ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǲǐǧ ǅƢǇƗ ȄǴǟ Ƕǰūơ ǵƢǜǻ ǵȂǬȇȁ ." ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ
ǆǴů Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ǾǻȁƢǠȇȁ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ŚǷȋơ ńȂƬȇ śƷ Ŀ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ȃǁȂǌǳơ
ƨǘǴǈǳơ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÎÐÍ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ .ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ńȂƬƫȁ .ƔơǁǃȂǳơ
Ǫǧȁ ƢȀǷƢǰƷƗ ǁƾǐƫȁ ƢēƢƳǁƽȁ ƢȀǟơȂǻƗ ǥȐƬƻơ ȄǴǟ ǶǯƢƄơ ƢǿȏȂƬƫȁ ƨǴǬƬǈǷ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ
ƢȀǟơȂǻƗ ǥȐƬƻơ ȄǴǟ ǶǯƢƄơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ƥƫǂȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÎÐÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ ." ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
Śǣ Ŀ ƨȇǂǰǈǠǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ǍƢǐƬƻơ ǂǐƬǬȇȁ ƢēƢǏƢǐƬƻơȁ ƢēƢȈƷȐǏ śƦȇȁ ƢēƢƳǁƽȁ
Ǯǳƿȁ ǺǷȋơ ƩơȂǫȁ ƨƸǴǈŭơ ƩơȂǬǳơ ƽơǂǧƗ ǺǷ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǧǂǠǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ƨǳƢƷ
ƔƢǔǬǴǳ ǹȂǰȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÎÐÔ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ ." ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƢǿǁǂǬȇ Ŗǳơ ƽȁƾūơ Ŀ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ śƦȇȁ ƢŮ ƨǻȁƢǠŭơ ƧǄȀƳȋơȁ ǶǯƢƄơ Ŀ ǲǸǠǳơ ŚǇ ǺǈƷ ȄǴǟ ǥǂǌȇ ȄǴǟƗ ǆǴů
." ǾƫƢǏƢǐƬƻơȁ ǾƫƢȈƷȐǏȁ ǾǴȈǰǌƫ
ÎÑÓ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ ǩȂǬūơ ƨȇƢŧ ȄǴǟ ȅǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǍǂƷ ȄǴǟ ơƆƾȈǯƘƫȁ
Ŀ ȏƐ ƛ ƢȀǴȇƾǠƫ ƤǴǗ ǃȂŸ ȏ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ ǩȂǬūƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ
."ǺǗơȂŭơ ŁƢǐǳ ƩƢǻƢǸǔǳơȁ ǩȂǬūơ ǺǷ ơƆƾȇǄǷ ƢȀǼǷ ǑǂǤǳơ ǹȂǰȇ Ŗǳơ ƽȁƾūơ
73
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴůȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨǸǜǼǷ Ŀ Ȃǔǟ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽȁ
.ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠǷƢƳȁ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǵǂš ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ Î
ǵƢǠǳ ÎÎÖ Ƕǫǁ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǂǘǫ ƩǁƾǏƗ ÏÍÍÑ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÎÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ
.ÎÖÔÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǂǘǫ ƩƢƥȂǬǟ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƔƢǤǳƛ ȄǴǟ ǎǻȁ ÏÍÍÑ
ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ȅǂǈƫ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ńȁȋơ ǾƫƽƢǷ Ŀ ƾȇƾŪơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǎǼȇȁ
:ƢƆǸǴǈǷ ǾȈǴǟ řĐơ ȁƗ ǶȀƬŭơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ƨȈƫȉơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ
.Ƨƽǂǳơȁ ǁȂǸŬơ ƣǂǋȁ ƢǻǄǳơȁ" ƨƥơǂūơȁ" ƨǫǂǈǳƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƽȁƾūơ ǶƟơǂƳ (Ɨ)
.ƨȇƾǳơȁ ǍƢǐǬǳơ ǶƟơǂƳ (ƣ)
."ǂƻƕ ǹȂǻƢǫ ȅƗȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƽƾŢ Ǯǳƿ ơƾǟ ƢǸȈǧȁ
ÏÍÍÑ ǂȇơŐǧ / ǕƢƦǋ ÎÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƾǏ ƾȇƾŪơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁȁƾǏ ǲƦǫȁ
ŅƢƬǳơ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ ȄǴǟ Î ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ǎǼȇȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩƢȇƢǼŪơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǪȈƦǘƫ Ŀ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ŐƬǠƫ" ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂƴǴǳ
.ƢƆȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ǺǷ ǑǂǤǳơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ǂƻƕ ǹȂǻƢǫ ȅƗ Ŀ ȁƗ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ŀ
ȁƗ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ȁƗ ǦǼǠǳơ ȁƗ ƧȂǬǳơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ńƛ Ǟǧơƾǳơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ƢƆȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳơ ǹȂǰȇȁ
ǵƢǜǼǳƢƥ ǱȐƻȍơ ȁƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ȁƗ ǱƾǠŭơ ƪǫƚŭơ ȆǇƢǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǘǠƫ Ȃǿ ǞȇȁǂƬǳơ
ȁƗ Ǯǳƿ ȃƽƗȁ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƧƾƷȂǳƢƥ ǁơǂǓȍơ ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǾǼǷƗȁ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨǷȐǇ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ
ǶēƢȇǂƷ ȁƗ ǶēƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǶŮ Ƥǟǂǳơ ƤȈƦǈƫ ȁƗ ǅƢǼǳơ Ɣơǀȇƛ ńƛ ȅƽƚȇ ǹƗ ǾǻƘǋ ǺǷ ǹƢǯ
Ǫǧơǂŭơ ȁƗ řǗȂǳơ ƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƸǐǳơ ȁƗ ƨƠȈƦǳƢƥ ǁǂǔǳơ ǩƢūƛ ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǶȀǼǷƗ ȁƗ
ȁƗ ƢŮƢǸǟȋ ƢȀƟơƽƗ ƨǴǫǂǟ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ȁƗ ƨǏƢŬơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ ȁƗ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ȁƗ
."ƢŮƢǸǟƗ ƨǇǁƢŲ Ǻǟ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ƨǴǫǂǟ ȁƗ ǞǼǷ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƽƾǠǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ǵơƾǟȍơ ńƛ ǲǐƫ ƩƢƥȂǬǟ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǥȐƻ ȄǴǟ ǶȈǜǼƫ ȁƗ ƨǟƢŦ Ƨǁơƽƛ ȁƗ ǶȈǜǼƫ ȁƗ ǆȈǇƘƫ ǲǠǧ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ ǵǂšȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ȃƾƷƛ ńƛ Ƕǔǻơ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƾƥƚŭơ ǆƦūƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ"ȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁȏ ǽƢǸǈǷ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ
.ƢȀǓơǂǣƘƥ ǶǴǠȇ Ȃǿȁ ƧǁȂǏ ƨȇƘƥ ƢŮƢǸǟƗ Ŀ ǭǁƢǋ ȁƗ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơ ȁƗ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ǽǀǿ
Ð ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ȃƾƷƛ ƾǷƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƾƥƚŭơ ǆƦūƢƥ Ñ ƧƽƢŭơ ƤǫƢǠƫȁ
ȁƗ ǂƟƢƻƿ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇƘƥ "ƢȀǓơǂǣƘƥ ǶǴǠȇ Ȃǿȁ ƢǿƾǷƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ȁƗ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭƢƥ
ƢŮ ƮǠƥ ȁƗ Ʃȏƕ ȁƗ ƩƢǸȀǷ ȁƗ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǳƢǷ ȁƗ ƨȇƽƢǷ ƩƢǻȂǠǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǼǬƫ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ
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‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‐ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻗﻄﺮ‬
ǺǷ Ǯǳƿ Śǣ ȁƗ ǾȈǧ ǝƢǸƬƳȐǳ ƢƆǻƢǰǷ ȁƗ ȃȁƘǷ Ƣǿƽơǂǧȋ ǵƾǫ ȁƗ ƆȏơȂǷƗ ƢŮ ǞŦ ȁƗ ǹƚŭơ

ȃƾƷƛ ńƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȄǴǟ ƢƆǐƼǋ ǽǂǯƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ" ȄǴǟ Ƣēơƿ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ȅǂǈƫȁ ." ƩȐȈȀǈƬǳơ
(Ò ƧƽƢŭơ) ."ƢȀǼǟ ǱƢǐǨǻȏơ ǺǷ ǾǠǼǷ ȁƗ ƧǁȂǯǀŭơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơ ȁƗ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ
ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ ȁƗ ƢƆǻƢȈǯ ǁơƽƗ ǺǷ" ǲǰǳ ƾƥƚŭơ ǆƦūơ ȁƗ ǵơƾǟȍơ ƨƥȂǬǟ ȄǴǟ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ńƛ ƧȂǟƾǳơ Ŀ ƢŮ Ǿƫǁơƽƛ ǲǤƬǇơȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ ƪƠǌǻƗ ƨǏƢƻ ƨǈǇƚǷ
."ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ
ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ǞǷ śǻȁƢǠƬŭơ śȇǂǘǬǳơ śǼǗơȂŭơ ƨǬƷȐŠ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ
Ƨǂǌǟ ǆŨ ǃȁƢš ȏȁ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ Ô ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
ƪǻƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ƨǟƢŦ ȁƗ ǶȈǜǼƫ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ƨƠȈǿ ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ ȅƘƥ ǪƸƬǳơ ȁƗ ǹȁƢǠƫ ȅǂǘǫ ǲǯƨǼǇ
Śǣ ƪǻƢǯ Ȃǳȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƪǧƾȀƬǇơ ơƿƛ ƽȐƦǳơ ƱǁƢƻ ƢǿǂǬǷ ǹȂǰȇ ƢȀƬȈǸǈƫ
ǃȁƢƴƬƫ ȏȁ ƩơȂǼǇ ǂǌǟ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ .ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ńƛ ƨȀƳȂǷ
ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ȃƾƷƛ Ŀ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ ƩƢƦȇǁƾƫ ňƢŪơ ȄǬǴƫ ơƿƛ ƨǼǇ Ƨǂǌǟ ǆŨ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƾǐǬƥ ƨȇǂǰǈǠǳơ ƩƢƦȇǁƾƬǳơ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ ǵơƾǟȍơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ ƨǬƥƢǈǳơ
."ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ƾǓ
ƣǁƾƬǳơ ȄǬǴƬȇ ǺǷȁ ƵȐǈǳơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ƣǁƾȇ ǺǷ ƨƦǫƢǠǷ ȄǴǟ Õ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƣƢǰƫǁơ ȄǴǟ ŚǤǳơ ǒȇǂŢ ȄǴǟ Ö ƧƽƢŭơ ƤǫƢǠƫȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ Ǿƥ ƨǻƢǠƬǇȏơ ƾǐǬƥ
Ʃȏƕ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇƗ ȁƗ ȏƆ ơȂǷƗ ȁƗ ƔƢȈǋƗ ǦǴƫƗ ȁƗ ȄǨƻƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ" ÎÍ ƧƽƢŭơ ƤǫƢǠƫȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ
." Ǯǳǀƥ ǾǸǴǟ ǞǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǱƢǸǠƬǇȐǳ ƩƾǟƗ ȁƗ ƪǴǸǠƬǇơ ȁƗ ƪǴǐŢ
.(S/2006/421 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǞƳơǁ)
(ÎÖÖÖ)ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƢēƾǟƗ Ŗǳơ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ Ʃǀţơ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǹƗ (S/AC.37/2003/(1455/)/66) ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ (ÎÖÖÖ)ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ
.ƨȈƥƢǫǂǳơȁ ƨȇǁơƽȍơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ȄǴǟ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ ǶȈǸǠƫ (Î )
.ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƩƢȀŪơ ȄǴǟ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ ǶȈǸǠƫ (Ï )
ƧǄȀƳƗ ǺǷ ǲǰǳ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƶȈƬȇ ȅǀǳơ ƔơƽȂǈǳơ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǻ ǺǸǓ ƢƆȈǳƕ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ Ʊơǁƽƛ (Ð )
.ƨȈǴǐǼǬǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơȁ ǀǧƢǼŭơȁ ƧǂƴŮơ
ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ǶƟơǂƳ ƢǿǁƢƦƬǟơ ǃơȂƳ ȃƾǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ

(A/2006/171 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ńƛ ƢǿǂȇǂǬƫ ńƛ ơƽƢǼƬǇơ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ȃǂƫ
ƢēƽƢǷ ǺǷ (ƣ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫ Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ńƛ ƪǸǔǻơ ǂǘǫ ǹƗ
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Ƣēơƿ ƧƾǟƢǬǳơ ȅǂǈƫȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǸǓ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ŐƬǠƫ ȏ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ
ǂǘǫ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơ ȃǂƻȋơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƨǷǂĐơ ǱƢǠǧȌǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ
Ǯǳƿ ȄǴǟ ƤƫǂƬȇ ƢǷ ǲǰƥ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ƨŻǂŪơ ǞƥƢǗ ƢȀƦƳȂŠ ƨǷǂĐơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂŪơ Ǻǟ ȆǨǼƫ ƿƛ
.ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳƔƢǈŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍ ȁƗ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǃơȂŪ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ƔơȂǇ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǫ ƲƟƢƬǻ ǺǷ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǬƷȐŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ

ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨǬƷȐŠ ƨǏƢƻ ƨȈƟơǂƳƛ ƢǷƢǰƷƗ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǸǔƫ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƢȀǼǷȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ǪȈǬƸƬǴǳ ƢēǂǋƢƦǷ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ƾȈǬƬƫ :ȏƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÎÔ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
Ŀ ƢǸȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƤǴǘǳơ ȁƗ ȃȂǰǌǳơ ƾȈǬƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ȃȂǟƾǳơ ǮȇǂŢȁ
."ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ǆƦūƢƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǂǷȋơ ǹȂǰȇ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǺǷ ƔƢǼưƬǇơȁ"
ƾǠƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪƦǘǼƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ǺǷ ȆǗƢȈƬƷȏơ
ƪǔƬǫơ ơƿƛ ƨǴƯƢŲ ȃǂƻƗ ƽƾŭ ƢǿƾȇƾŤ ǃȂŸ ƆƢǷȂȇ ǂǌǟ ƨǈŨ Ƨƾŭ ǶȀƬŭơ ƣơȂƴƬǇơ
ǂǷƘƥ ȏƛ Ƨƾŭơ ǽǀǿ ƾǷ ǃȂŸ ȏȁ ǂȀǋƗ ƨƬǇ ǃȁƢƴƬƫ ȏƗ ȄǴǟ Ǯǳƿ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƨƸǴǐǷ
(ÎÕ ƧƽƢŭơ) ."ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǸǰƄơ ǺǷ
ǹƗ śǷƢǠǳơ śǷƢƄơ ǺǷ ǾƥƾǼȇ ǺǷ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǳơ Ƣǿǁƾǐȇ Ŗǳơ ǂǷơȁȋơ Ŀ ǕǂƬǌȇȁ
ƨƦǫơǂǷȁ ƩƢȈǫŐǳơȁ ƽȁǂǘǳơȁ ƩƢǟȂƦǘŭơȁ ƢȀǟơȂǻƗ ǞȈǸŝ ǲƟƢǇǂǳơ ǖƦǔƥ ǂǷƘȇ
ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗ ƨǏƢŬơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǺǯƢǷȋơ Ŀ ȃǂŸ ƢǷ ǲȈƴǈƫȁ ƢȀǴƟƢǇȁ ǞȈǸŝ ƩȏƢǐƫȏơ
.ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǸǰƄơ ǂǷƘƥ ȏƐ ƛ Ƨƾŭơ ǽǀǿ ƾĈ Ƿ ǃȂŸ ȏȁ ƢƆǷȂȇ śǠǈƫ ǃȁƢš ȏ Ƨƾŭȁ ƨƦƦǈǷ
(ÎÖ ƧƽƢŭơ)
śǷƢǠǳơ śǷƢƄơ ǺǷ ǾƥƾǼȇ ǺǷ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÏÎȁ ÏÍ ǹƢƫƽƢŭơ ƪǳȂƻȁ
Ŀ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȁƗ ƩƢǻƢȈƥ ƨȇƗ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơȁ ǝȐǗȏơ ƨȈƷȐǏ
Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ƨǬȈǬūơ Ǧǌǯ Ǯǳƿ ȄǔƬǫơ ơƿƛ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣ ȁƗ ǭȂǼƦǳơ
ȄǴǟ ƨȈǧƢǯ ǲƟȏƽ ǂǧơȂƫ ǱƢƷ Ŀ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǴǳȁ .ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪƦǘǼƫ
Ǯǳƿ Śǣ ȁƗ Ƣēǁơƽƛ ȁƗ ǾǳơȂǷƗ Ŀ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ǺǷ ǶȀƬŭơ ǞǼŠ ƢƆƬǫƚǷ ǂǷƘȇ ǹƗ ǵƢēȏơ ƨȇƾƳ
.ƨȈǜǨƸƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǺǷ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ Śǌȇȁ
ƢƆǬǧȁ ƧǁȂǯǀŭơ ǾƫƢǘǴǈǳ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǳơ ƨǇǁƢŲ ƪǟƾƬǇơ ƨǳƢƷ ƭƾŢ Ń ǾǻƗ ńƛ (S/2006/171
.ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÏÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǵƢǰƷȋ
76
ǹȂƦƟƢƬǳơ :ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǺǷ ƔƢǨǟȍơ ƩȏƢƷ

ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÎÑ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
ǡȐƥƜƥ ƧƢǼŪơ ǺǷ ǁƽƢƥ ǺǷ ǲǯ" Ǻǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǺǷ ƔƢǨǟȍơ
ǺǰǷ ơƿƛ" ňƢŪơ ƔƢǨǟƛ ǃơȂƳ ȄǴǟ Ǯǳǀǯȁ"ƨŻǂŪơ ǀȈǨǼƫ Ŀ ƔƾƦǳơ ǲƦǫ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ
."ƨŻǂŪơ œǰƫǂǷ ǺǷ ǽŚǣ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǳơ ǺǷ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ Ɣƾƥ ƾǠƥ ȁƗ ǲƦǫ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ
ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ȃȂǟƾǳơ ƔƢǔǬǻơȁ ǵƽƢǬƬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǹƢȇǂǇ ǵƾǟ

ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÎÓ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ǺǷ ƔƢǼưƬǇơ
ǖǬǈƫ ȏȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪƦǘǼƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ȃȂǟƾǳơ ȆǔǬǼƫ ȏ"
." Ƨƾŭơ ȆǔŠ ƢȀȈǧ Ƣđ ǵȂǰƄơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ

ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ȅǂǘǬǳơ ǝĈǂǌŭơ ǺĈ Ǉ
ǺǷ ƨǳƾǠŭơ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ .ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǱƾǠŭơ
ȁƗ ǁơƽƗ ȁƗ ǥǂǐƫ ȁƗ ǃƢƷ ȁƗ ƤǈƬǯơ ǺǷ ǲǯ" ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨŻǂŪ ƢƆƦǰƫǂǷ ƾǠȇ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ƩơǁƾƼŭơ ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǷ Ȑ Ɔ ǐƸƬǷ ȏƆ ƢǷ ǱĈȂƷ ȁƗ ǲǬǻ ȁƗ ǂǸưƬǇơ ȁƗ ǥƢǓƗ ȁƗ ǝƽȁƗ ȁƗ ǱƾƦƬǇơ
ǩơǁȁƗ ƾȈǴǬƫȁ ǦȈȇǄƫȁ ǂȇȁǄƫ ǶƟơǂƳ ȁƗ ƤǴǈǳơȁ ǃơǄƬƥȏơ ǶƟơǂƳ ȁƗ ƧǂǘŬơ ƨȈǴǬǠǳơ ƩơǂƯƚŭơȁ
ȁƗ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ Ŀ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǁƢšȏơ ǶƟơǂƳ ȁƗ ƩƢǯȂǰǈŭơȁ ƾǬǼǳơ
ƢǿŐƬǠȇ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȁƗ ǱƢǨǗȋơ ȁƗ ƔƢǈǼǳơ Ŀ ǁƢšȏơ ǶƟơǂƳ ȁƗ ƨƠȈƦǳơ ƨȇƢǸŞ ƨǬǴǠƬǷ ǶƟơǂƳ
ǹƗ ǁƢȀǛƛȁ ǱƢǸǴǳ ȆǬȈǬūơ ǁƾǐŭơ ƔƢǨƻƛ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷ ƾǐǬǳơ ǹƢǯ ŕǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǶƟơǂƳ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
." ǝȁǂǌǷ ǽǁƾǐǷ
ƤƳȂŠ ǽơǂƳƗ ȅǀǳơ ǲȇƾǠƬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ "ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ" ȄǴǟ ǎǼǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ƽƢǟƗ ƾǫȁ
ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ" ǆȈǇƘƫ ǾǼǷ Õ ƧƽƢŭơ ȄǔƬǬŠ Ļ ơǀǰǿȁ .ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ǚǧƢŰ ƤƟƢǻ ƨǇƢƟǂƥ ÏÍÍÏ ƨǼǇ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ǺǷ ǞǇƢƬǳơ Ŀ "ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
"ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ƧƾƷȁ" ǆȈǇƘƫ Ŀ ŚƦǯ ǁȁƽ ǥǂǐŭơ ơǀŮ ǹƢǯȁ .ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǂǘǫ ǥǂǐǷ
Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ȄǴǟ ǥơǂǋȍơ Ƣđ ǕƢǼȇ Ŗǳơ ƨȀŪơ Ȅǿȁ
ǁơǂǫ) ƢĔƘǌƥ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƿƢţơȁ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ Ǻǟ ƩơǁƢǘƻȍơ ȆǬǴƫȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
.(ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Î Ƕǫǁ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ
ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ʃơǁơǃȁ Ǻǟ śǴưŲ ǺǷ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǲǰǌƬƫȁ
ǂǘǫ ǥǂǐǷȁ ǹƢǰǇȍơȁ ƨȈǻƾŭơ ƨǷƾŬơ ǹȁƚǋȁ ǱƾǠǳơȁ ƧǁƢƴƬǳơȁ ƽƢǐƬǫȏơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơȁ
.ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ ǃƢȀƳ ǺǷ Ȃǔǟ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ƞǻơȂŭơȁ ǭǁƢǸƴǴǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƠȈŮơȁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ
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ƢǿǀȈǨǼƫ ƨǠƥƢƬǷȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƲǷơǂƥȁ ǖǘƻ ǁơǂǫƛȁ ǞǓȂƥ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǎƬţȁ
ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǀȈǨǼƬƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǞǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơȁ
.ƢĔƘǌƥ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƵơǂƬǫơȁ ƢȀǗƢǌǻ ǱƢů Ŀ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƩơƾƴƬǈŭơ ƨǠƥƢƬǷȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ
ƪǏǂƷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ƔȂǓ Ŀȁ
ǞǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǫ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ ƩƢƦǴǘƬǷ ǞǷ ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƫ ƨǷƔơȂǷ ȄǴǟ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ
ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ȅǂǘǬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǹƗ ǶǴǠǳơ
.ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƩƢƦǴǘƬŠ ƔƢǧȂǳƢƥ ƢƆȈƦǈǻ ƪǴǨǰƫ ƾǫ ǂǘǫ Ŀ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ
ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ Ŀ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ŀ Ʃƽǁȁ ƢǸǯ (ƨȈǷơǂƳȍơ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ) ǭơǂƬǋȏơ ƾǟơȂǬǧ
ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀȁ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ Öȁ Õȁ Ô ƽơȂŭơ Ŀȁ ÑÓ ńƛ ÐÕ
Ǯǳƿ ńƛ ǥƢǔȇ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƩƢȈǔƬǬŠ ȆǨƫ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÕ Ƕǫǁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÐ
.ȅǂǘǬǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ Ö ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǻ
ǵơǄǳƛ ȄǴǟ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ǁƢưƫȁ ƢȀȇǂš Ŗǳơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ Ǻǟ ǲǐǨǷ ǂȇǂǬƬƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȀŪơ ƧƢǧơȂŠ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ
.ƢȀǼǷ ƾǐǬǳơ ȁƗ ƢȀƬǠȈƦǗ ǱȂƷ ƩƢȀƦǌǳơ
ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫơ ȁƗ ƨȇǁƢš ȏƆ ƢǸǟƗ ȅƽƚƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǯǂǌǳơ ǲǯ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƨǈǇƚŭơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ǲǸǌȇȁ
ǵȂǬƫ ƨȈƥƢǫǂǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǹƗ ƢǸǯ .ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ƩƢǟƢǘǬǳơ ǲǯ ǲǸǌȇ ǵơǄƬǳȏƢǧ śȈǼȀŭơ Ǯǳǀǯȁ
.ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ƩƢƫȂȈƦǳơ ǲǰǳ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƩƢƦǴǘƬǸǴǳ ĿơȂǳơ Ƶǂǌǳơȁ ǱƢǐƫȏƢƥ
ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ ǥǂǠĄƫ (ÏÍÍÒ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ) ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǂǘǫ ǥǂǐǷ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ȁƗ Ǯǋ ȅƗ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƨǈǇƚŭơ ȃƾǳ ƾǳȂƬȇ Ŗǳơ ƨȇƽƢȈƬǟȏơ Śǣ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ ƢĔƘƥ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ
ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǤƥ ǖƦƫǂƫ ȁƗ Ŀ ǲǤƬǈƫ ƢȀȈǧ ƨǷƾƼƬǈŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǹƗ Ŀ ǮǌǴǳ ƨǳȂǬǠǷ ƩơǁŐǷ
ƧƾƷȁ ǎƬţȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ŁƢǐǳ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ ȁƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ
ǲȈǴŢȁ ǽƢƦƬǋȏơ ƩȏƢƷ ǵȐƬǇƢƥ ÏÍÍÑ/Î ǁơǂǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƿƢǨǻƛ ƩƢȀƳ ńƛ ƢȀǴȇȂƸƬƥ ȁƗ ǚǨūƢƥ ƔơȂǇ ƤǇƢǼŭơ ǁơǂǬǳơ ƿƢţơȁ ƩơǁƢǘƻȍơ
ƾǠƥ ƪǻȂǸǤȇƛ ƨǟȂǸů ńƛ ÏÍÍÒ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÏÖ Ŀ ƧƾƷȂǳơ ǽǀǿ ƪǸǔǻơ ƾǫȁ .ƨƥƢȈǼǳơȁ
.ÏÍÍÒ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ǂȀǋ Ŀ ǺǘǼǋơȁ Ŀ ƨǟȂǸĐơ ǝƢǸƬƳơ Ŀ ƢƆȈũǁ ƢǿƽƢǸƬǟơ Ļ ǹƗ
ǆȈǳ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǹƘƥ (S/2006/171 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ńƛ ƱƢƬŢ ȏ ŅƢƬǳƢƥȁ ƢȀƬǳȁơǄŠ ƶǸǈƫ ȏ Ȇǿȁ ƨǳơȂūƢǯ ƨȈũǁ Śǣ ƨǴȇƾƥ ǲȇȂŢ ƨǸǜǻƗ ƢŮ
.ƨȈũǂǳơ Śǣ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ ǽǀǿ ǲưǷ ǶȈǜǼƬǳ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǂǘǫ ǥǂǐǷ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƫ ǁơƾǏƛ
ǺǷ ƢȀǴǷƢū ǲȇȂƸƬǴǳ ƨǴƥƢǬǳơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩơƾǼƬǈŭơȁ ƨȇƾǬǼǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ŐƬǠƫ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ȅǂǘǬǳơ ǭǁƢǸŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ŀ ƽǁơȂǳơ ǦȇǂǠƬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨǠǴǈǳơ/ƨǟƢǔƦǳơ ǲȈƦǫ
ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ńƛ ƽơŚƬǇȏơ ƾǼǟ ƔơȂǇ ƽȁƾūơ Őǟ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǽǀǿ ǲǬǻȁ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÑÍ Ƕǫǁ
78
śǻơȂǬǳơȁ ǭǁƢǸŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƢǿƽƾƷ Ŗǳơ Ǖȁǂǌǳơȁ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǞȈŦ ǝƢƦƫơ ƤǴǘƬȇ ƢȀǼǷ ǂȇƾǐƬǳơ
ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǶǜǼȇ ȅǀǳơ ÎÖÖÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÓ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǲưǷ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ
ƆƢǰǼƥ ƢŮ ǎƻǂŭơ ƨǈǇƚŭơ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǂǘǫ ǥǂǐǷ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÎÖÖÐ ǵƢǠǳ
ǹƘǌƥ ƞǻơȂŭơȁ ǭǁƢǸƴǴǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ ǵƢǟ ǂȇƾǷ ǽǁƾǏƗ ȅǀǳơ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ Ò Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơȁ
.ǶȀȈǳƛ ƽȂǠȇ ȁƗ ǹȁǂǧƢǈŭơ ǾƦƸǘǐȇ Ƣŭ ƨǼȇƢǠŭơȁ ƶȇǂǐƬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫȁ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ
/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÏÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƪǻȂǸǤȇƛ ƨǟȂǸů ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƪǸǔǻơ ƾǫȁ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƢȈǬȇǂǧƗ ǱƢſȁ ǖǇȁȋơ ǩǂǌǴǳ ŅƢŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǟȂǸů ńƛȁ ÏÍÍÒ ǾȈǻȂȇ
.ÏÍÍÒ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ
ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ð

ȆǔǬƬǧ ȅǂǘǬǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǹƢȇǂǇ ǁƢǗƛ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÓ ƧƽƢŭơ ǶǇǂƫ
:ǺǷ ǲǯ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ȅǂǈƫ" ǹƘƥ
ȁƗ ƢȀǴǯ ƪǠǫȁ ƨŻǂƳ Ŀ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ȁƗ Ȑ
Ɔ ǟƢǧ ǾǴǠŸ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǡǧ ǂǘǫ ƱǁƢƻ Ƥǰƫǁơ Î
.ǂǘǫ ǲƻơƽ ƢȀǔǠƥ
ȁƗ ƢȀǴǯ ƪǠǫȁ ƨŻǂƳ Ŀ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ȁƗ Ȑ Ɔ ǟƢǧ ǾǴǠŸ Ȑ Ɔ Ǡǧ ǂǘǫ ǲƻơƽ Ƥǰƫǁơ Ï
ƾǴƦǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ȄǔƬǬŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ ǹƢǯ ŕǷ ǂǘǫ ƱǁƢƻ ƢȀǔǠƥ
.ǾȈǧ ƪǠǫȁ ȅǀǳơ
ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ǂǘǫ ƱǁƢƻ ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ǭǁƢǋ ȁƗ Ƥǰƫǁơ Ð
ȁƗ ǦȈȇǄƫ ȁƗ ǂȇȁǄƬƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȁƗ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ȁƗ ȆƳǁƢŬơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ
ȁƗ ƨȈǷȂǰūơ ǞƥơȂǘǳơ ȁƗ ƩƢǷȐǠǳơ ȁƗ ǵƢƬƻȋơ ȁƗ ƨȈũǂǳơ ƩơǁǂƄơ ƾȈǴǬƫ
ǂǘǫ Ŀ ƢƆǻȂǻƢǫ ƨǳȁơƾƬǷ ƨȈǻƾǠǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǫǁȁ ƨǴǸǟ ȅƗ ƾȈǴǬƫ ȁƗ ǦȈȇǄƫ ȁƗ ǂȇȁǄƫ
."ƧƾǴǬŭơ ȁƗ ƨǨȇǄŭơ ȁƗ ƧǁȁǄŭơ ƩȐǸǠǳơ ǽǀǿ Ʋȇȁǂƫ ȁƗ ƧǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ
ǲǯ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ȅǂǈƫ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÔ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǷ ƢȇƗ ƆƢǰȇǂǋ ȁƗ Ȑ
Ɔ ǟƢǧ ǾǨǏȂƥ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ Ƥǰƫǁơ ǹƗ ƾǠƥ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƾƳȁ ǺǷ
." Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ȁƗ ƨǼǏǂǬǳơ ǶƟơǂƳ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋȋơ Ŀ ȁƗ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ Ŀ ǁƢšȏơ
ȄǴǟ ȅǂǈƫ ƢĔƗ ȅƗ ǾƬȈǈǼƳ Ǻǟ ǂǜǼǳơ ǒǤƥ ǎƼǋ ȅƗ ȄǴǟ ƧƾǟƢǬǳơ ǽǀǿ ȅǂǈƫȁ
.ƤǻƢƳȋơȁ śǸȈǬŭơȁ śȇǂǘǬǳơ
ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÕ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ĺƢŸȍơ ȆǐƼǌǳơ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ƾǟơȂǬǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛȁ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨƸǼƳ ȁƗ ƨȇƢǼƳ ŐƬǠȇ Ȑ Ɔ Ǡǧ ǂǘǫ ƱǁƢƻ Ŀ Ȃǿȁ Ƥǰƫǁơ ȅǂǘǫ ǲǯ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ
ȅǀǳơ ƾǴƦǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ȄǔƬǬŠ ǾȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ ǲǠǨǳơ ǹƢǯȁ ǂǘǫ ńƛ ƽƢǟ ơƿƛ ǾǷƢǰƷƗ ȄǔƬǬŠ ƤǫƢǠȇ
."ǾȈǧ Ƥǰƫǁơ
79
řǗȂǳơ ȆƟƢǼŪơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȁ ǶǇǁ Ŀ ȅǂǘǬǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǞǇȂƫ Ǻǟ ƽơȂŭơ ǽǀǿ Ǧǌǰƫȁ
ȆǸȈǴǫȍơ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ŚȇƢǠǷ ńƛ ǥƢǓƘǧ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨǬƷȐǷ Ŀ
ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƨŻǂŪơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ļ Ȃǳȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ Ŀ ǎƼǌǳơ ƾƳơȂƫ ƽǂů řȈǠǳơȁ ȆǐƼǌǳơȁ
.ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳƢƥ ƨǴǐǳơ ƨƬƦǼǷ ƪǻƢǯ Ȃǳȁ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ǂǘǫ Ŀ ƤǻƢƳȋơ ƨǷƢǫƛȁ ǱȂƻƽ ǶȈǜǼƬƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÎÖÓÐ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǸǔƬȇ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǠǧƗ Ŀ ƢȀǗǁȂƫ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ƩƢƠǨǳơ ǱȂƻƽ ƨȈǴǸǟ ǖƦǔƫ ǹƗ ƢĔƘǋ ǺǷ Ƨƾȇƾǟ ƢƆǷƢǰƷƗ
ǺǷƗ ƽƾȀȇ ƢǷ ǽƽȂƳȁ Ŀ ǹƗ ƪƦƯ ơƿƛ œǼƳȋơ ƽƢǠƥƛ ƨǘǴǇ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǱȂƻ ƾǫȁ
ńƛ ƧƽȂǠǳơ ǽƽƢǠƥƜƥ ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ȅǀǳơ œǼƳȌǳ ǃȂŸ ȏȁ ƱǁƢŬơȁ ǲƻơƾǳơ Ŀ ƢȀƬǷȐǇȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
.ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȀŪơ ǺǷ ǁơǂǬƥ ȏƐ ƛ ǂǘǫ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ȄǴǟ ǍǂŢ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǹƘƥ (S/2002/1211
ȆǔǬƫ Ŗǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ƣȂƸǐŭơ ǥǂǘƬǳơ
ǲǴǈƫ ǞǼŭ ƨȇǂƸƦǳơȁ ƨȇŐǳơȁ ƨȇȂŪơ ǀǧƢǼŭơȁ ƽȁƾūơ śǷƘƬǳ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ Śƥơƾƫ ƾȇƾǌƬƥ"
ǲƻơƽ ƢȀǼȇǄţ ȁƗ ƢǿǁȁǂŠ ƵƢǸǈǳơ ǵƾǟȁ ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ Ƥȇǂē ǞǼǷȁ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ śǧǂǘƬŭơ
ȅƗ ǀȈǨǼƫ ȁƗ ǶȈǜǼƫ ȁƗ ǖȈǘƼƬǳ ƢƆƷǂǈǷ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ȆǓơǁƗ ǵơƾƼƬǇơ ǹȁƽ ƨǳȂǴȈūơȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ȆǓơǁƗ
ǶȀƸȈǴǈƫ ȁƗ ǶȀƦȇǁƾƫ ȁƗ ǶȀƟơȂȇƛ ǞǼǷ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơȁ ƨǧǂǘƬŭơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ǲǸǟ
ǃȂŤ/ǹơǂȇǄƷÏÎ Ŀ ƹǁƚŭơ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǦȈǔȇȁ ."ǶŮ ƩȐȈȀǈƫ ȅƗ ŉƾǬƫ ȁƗ ǶȀǴȇȂŤ ȁƗ
ǲȈǿƘƫȁ ƢȀǼǟ ǢǴƦŭơ ƧǁȁǄŭơ ǂǨǈǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂƥ ǶƟơȂǫ ƽơƾǟƛ Ļ ǾǻƗ (S/2006/421ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ÏÍÍÓ
.ƨȈǼǨǳơ ƩƢȈǻƢǰǷȍơ ŚǧȂƫȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ Ŀ ƨǴǷƢǠǳơ ƨȇǂǌƦǳơ ǁƽơȂǰǳơ
Ȇǿȁ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÏ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ (ƢȇȂŬ) ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǺǷȋơ ƧȂǫ ƪƠǌǻƌƗ ƾǫȁ
ǺǷȋƢƥ ƨǴƼŭơ ǱƢǸǟȋơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȌǳ ȅƾǐƬǳƢƥ ƢƆǇƢǇƗ ǎƬţ ƨƸǴǈǷ ƨȈǷƢǜǻ ƧȂǫ
.ƢȀǼǷ ƨȇƢǫȂǴǳ ƨƦǇƢǼŭơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ƨǧƢǯ ƿƢţơȁ ƧǂƴǨƬŭơ ƽơȂŭơ ǞǷ ǲǷƢǠƬǳơȁ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ
ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò

ƧǃƢȈƷ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǶǜǼȇ
ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǺǷ śǟȂǻ śƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǄĈȈŻȁ .Ƣǿǂȇƾǐƫȁ ƢǿƽơŚƬǇơȁ Ƣđ ǁƢšȏơȁ ƨȇǁƢǼǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǸǯ ƨȇǁƢǼǳơ
ǃȂŸ ȏȁ Ƣǿǂȇƾǐƫ ȁƗ ƢǿƽơŚƬǇơ ȁƗ ƢēǃƢȈƷ ƢƆȈƟƢĔ ǞǼŻ ƨȇǁƢǻ ƨƸǴǇƗ (Î )
ǽǀǿ Ɣơǂǌǳ ƾǫƢǠƬǳƢƥ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơȁ ǝƢǧƾǳơ ļǁơǃȂǳ ȏƛ ƶǸǈĄȇ ȏȁ Ƣđ ǎȈƻǂƬǳơ
.ƢēơȂǫ ƶȈǴǈƫ ǑǂǤƥ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǺǷ ǝơȂǻȋơ
80
ȁƗ Ƣđ ǁƢšȏơ ȁƗ Ƣǿǂȇƾǐƫ ȁƗ ƢǿƽơŚƬǇơ ȁƗ ƢēǃƢȈƷ ǂǜŹ ƨȇǁƢǻ ƨƸǴǇƗ (Ï )

ǺǸǓ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǽǁƾǐƫ ǪƥƢǇ ǎȈƻǂƫ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơ ƾǠƥ ȏƐ ƛ ƢǿǂƟƢƻǀƥ
.ƩƢǇƾǈŭơȁ ƨǨȈǨŬơ ƾȈǐǳơ ƨƸǴǇƘƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ǽǀǿȁ ƧƽƾŰ ǖƥơȂǓȁ Ǖȁǂǋ
ƩƢƥȂǬǟ ƢŮ ǁǂǫȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƗ ƾǠƫ Ŗǳơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǺǷ ƾȇƾǠǳơ ŉǂš ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǸǔƫȁ
.Ƣđ ǁƢšȏơ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇȋƢƥ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƽơƾǷƛ Ǎǂǧ ǺǷ ƾŹ ƢŲ ǵơƾǟȍơ ƾƷ ńƛ ǲǐƫ ƾǫ
Ŀ ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ ǵƾǟ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǸǔǻơ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ǺȇǄţȁ ƱƢƬǻƛȁ ƭơƾƸƬǇơ ǂǜƷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ȄǴǟ ÎÖÖÔ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƪǫƽƢǏ ƢǸǯ ÎÖÕÖ ǵƢǟ
ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ƢȀƬǫƽƢǐǷ Ǻǟ Ȑǔǧ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǮǴƫ ŚǷƾƫȁ ƨȇȁƢǸȈǰǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơȁ
.ÎÖÔÒ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƨȈƳȂǳȂȈƦǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǺȇǄţȁ ǂȇȂǘƫȁ ŉǂƸƬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǵƾǬŭơ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ÏÒ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁĈǂǫ ȅǂǘǬǳơ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǹƘƥ (S/AC.37/2003/(1455)/66 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÎÖÖÖ)
ǀȈǨǼƫ ƨǠƥƢƬǷ ƢȀƬǸȀǷ ǹȂǰƫ ǝƢǧƾǳơ ƧǁơǃȂǳ ƨǠƥƢƫ ƨȈǼǗȁ ƨǼŪ ƔƢǌǻƛ ÏÍÍÏŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ
ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơȁ ǺȇǄţȁ ƱƢƬǻƛȁ ƭơƾƸƬǇơ ǂǜƷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ
ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǂǜƷ ƨǸǜǼŠ ǱƐƢǠǨǳơ ǱƢǐƫȏơ śǷƘƫ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǮǴƫ ŚǷƾƫȁ ƨȇȁƢǸȈǰǳơ
.ƨȇȁƢǸȈǰǳơ
ƨǼƴǴǳơ" ȄǸǈƫ ƨǼŪ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÓ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ƾǫȁ
ƩƢȀŪơ Ǻǟȁ ƧǁơǃȂǳơ Ǻǟ śǴưŲ ǺǷ ǦǳƘƬƫȁ ǝƢǧƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ Ŀ "ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǂǜū ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ
ǲƟƢǈŭƢƥ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷ ǲǯ ǹƘǌƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȈǷȂǰūơ ƩƢȀŪơ ńƛ ƧǁȂǌŭơ ŉƾǬƫ ȄƐǳȂƬƫȁ ƨǐƬƼŭơ
ƨǷƢǈǳơȁ ƨȈƳȂǳȂȈƦǳơ ȁƗ ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ƢȀǟơȂǻƗ ǞȈǸŝ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǂǜŞ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ
.ƨȇƾȈǴǬƬǳơȁ ƨȈƟƢǸȈǰǳơȁ
ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒÑÍ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ƤƳȂŠ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ)
.(S/AC.44.2004/02/75/Add1 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ
ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ó

ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ "ƨȇŚŬơ ǱƢǸǟȌǳ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ" ƔƢǌǻȍ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǁƾǏ
Ŗǳơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ȄǴǟ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơȁ ǥơǂǋȍơ ƨǇǁƢǸŭ Ǯǳƿȁ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǬǳ
ȄǴǟȁ ƽơǂǧȋơȁ ƨȈǻƢǈǻȍơȁ ƨȇŚŬơ Ǒơǂǣȋơ Ʃơƿ ƨǏƢŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ Ƣđ ǵȂǬƫ
ǞǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǳƢƥ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨȈǻƢǈǻȍơȁ ƨȇŚŬơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ ǽǀđ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƱǁƢƼǴǳ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩȐȇȂƸƬǳơ
.Ǿǳ ƨǐǐƼŭơ ňƢǈǻȍơȁ ȅŚŬơ ǑǂǤǳơ Śǣ Ŀ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ ǞǼŭ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ
ƨȇƗ ńƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȁƗ ƣƢǈƬǻȏơ ƩƢƦǴǗ Ǻǟ ǾƦƴƷ ȁƗ ǎȈƻǂƬǳơ ƶǼŠ ƨƠȈŮơ ǎƬţȁ
ƶƬǧ ƤǴǗ Ŀ ǂǜǼǳƢƥ ǎƬţ ƢǸǯ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƱǁƢƻ ǽǂǬǷ ǞǬȇ ƽƢǻ ȁƗ ƨƠȈǿ ȁƗ ƨǈǇƚǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ
81
ȄǴǟ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǥƾđ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƱǁƢƻ ƨǏƢƻ ƨǈǇƚǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ ȅȋ ĿǂǐǷ ƣƢǈƷ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ǲȇȂŤ ǁƽƢǐǷ
ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ǀǼǷ ƪǷƢǫ ǂǘǫ Ŀ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǹƘƥ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƧƘǌǼŭơȁ ǺǷȋơ
ȅƗ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ Śǣ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞŦ ǦǫȂƥ ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÎÎ ƭơƾƷƗ
ǁơǂǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ǆȈƟǁ ƧǂǯǀǷ Ŀ ƔƢƳ Ƣŭ ơǀȈǨǼƫȁ .ǂǘǫ ƱǁƢƻ ƨǴƴǈŭơ
ǮǴƬƥ ƨǬǧǂŭơ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ ǺǸǓ ƱǁƽƗ ǺǷ ǞȈŦ ǱȂƻƽ ȄǴǟ ǂǜūơ Ǒǂƌǧ (ÎÖÖÖ)ÎÏÓÔ
ǺǷ ơȂǠǼĄǷȁ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ńƛ ǹƢƦǳƢǗ ȁƗ ƧƾǟƢǬǳơ ǶȈǜǼƬƥ ƨǘƦƫǂǷ ƩƢǻƢȈǯ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋƗ ǺǷ Ƨǂǯǀŭơ
.(S/2002/1211 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨǴǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ǱơȂǷƗ ƨȇƗ ȆǬǴƫ ȁƗ ǞŦ
(ÎÖÖÖ)ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƨǷƾŬơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǵȂǬȇ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǥǂǐŭơ ǹƘƥ (S/AC.37/2003/(1455)/66 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
ƾǠƥ ȏƐ ƛ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸƴǴǳ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƱǁƢƻ ǢǳƢƦǷ ȅƗ ǲȇȂŢ ǵƾǠƥ ǹƢǰǇȍơȁ ƨȈǻƾŭơ
ƧƽƢŭơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƤƳȂŠ Ǯǳƿȁ ǹƢǰǇȍơȁ ƨȈǻƾŭơ ƨǷƾŬơ ǹȁƚǋ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǺǷ ƶȇǂǐƫ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơ
.ƨǏƢŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ǍƢŬơ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ Õ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÏÖ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ô

‫)ﺃ( ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬
:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǸǔǻơ
.ÎÖÕÎ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ Ó Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ (ÎÖÓÐ ȂȈǯȂǗ)
(ÎÖÔÍ ȅƢǿȏ) ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
ÎÖÕÎ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ ÏÓ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ
.ÎÖÕÎ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ ÏÓ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ (ÎÖÔÎ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ)
ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ñ
Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ (ÎÖÔÐ) ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨƦǫƢǠŭơȁ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ
.ÎÖÖÔ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ
ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ (ÎÖÖÎ) ƢȀǨǌǯ ǑǂǤƥ ƨȈǰȈƬǇȐƦǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǄȈȈŤ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ò
.ÎÖÖÕŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ Ö Ŀ
82
(ÎÖÔÖ) ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƢǼȈȈǧ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ó

.(ÏÍÍÐ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Ö Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ
ǹơŚǘǳơ ǵƾţ Ŗǳơ ƩơǁƢǘŭơ Ŀ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Ô
ÎÖÕÕ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÑ ǵȂȇ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ǞǫȂŭơȁ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ
ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ ÎÖ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ƨǬȈƯȁ ƤƳȂŠ ǂǘǫ ǾȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ
.ÏÍÍÐ
ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Õ
.ÎÖÕÕ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ ÎÍ ƢǷȁǁ Ŀ ƨǷŐŭơ
ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Ö
.ÎÖÕÕ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ ÎÍ ƢǷȁǁ ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽȂƳȂŭơ
ǭǁȂȇȂȈǻ Ŀ ƩƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ ǲƥƢǼǬǳƢƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÍ
ÎÖÖÔ ǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯÎÒ Ŀ
ǹȂǻƢǯ Ö Ŀ ǭǁȂȇȂȈǻ Ŀ ƩƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÎ
.ƨǇơǁƾǳơ ƾȈǫ ǱơǄƫ ȏ ÎÖÖÖ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ
ƨǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪǠƐǫȁ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ ȅȁȂǼǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÏ
.ǂǘǫ
ŚǷƾƫȁ ƨȇȁƢǸȈǰǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơȁ ǺȇǄţȁ ƱƢƬǻƛȁ ƭơƾƸƬǇơ ǂǜƷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ÎÐ
ǵƢǠǳ (ÒÕ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǂǘǫ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪǫĈƾǏ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǮǴƫ
.ÏÍÍÐ
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬

ÎÍ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î
.ÏÍÍÐ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ
ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
.ÏÍÍÑ
Ļ ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð
.ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ
83
‫)ﺝ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

ǵƢǠǳ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǞǷ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫȁ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Î
.ÎÖÕÏ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ ÎÖÕÏ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ ÏÍÍÍ ǵƢǠǳ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ð
.ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǟ Ŀ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ ÎÖÖÔ ǵƢǠǳ ǆǻȂƫ ǞǷ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ð
.ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǟ Ŀ
ÎÖÖÔ ǵƢǠǳ ƨȈſƢŮơ ƨȈǻƽǁȋơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǞǷ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ñ
.ÎÖÖÔ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ
ǵƢǟ ƪǠƐǫȁ ƨȈǈǻǂǨǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ǶǿƢǨƫ ƧǂǯǀǷ Ò
.ÎÖÖÓ
Ƣǈǻǂǧ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǞǷ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƨȈƟƢǼƯ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ Ƨƾǟ ǅǁƾǳơ ƾȈǫ ƾƳȂƫȁ
.ǹơƽȂǈǳơȁ ǂƟơǄŪơȁ ǩơǂǠǳơȁ ǹƢƬǈǯƢƥȁ ƾǼŮơȁ ǹƢǼƦǳȁ ƣǂǤŭơȁ ƢȇǁȂǇȁ ǂǐǷȁ
ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƾǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ

ȏƗ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÏÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơȁ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏƢƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲţ"
."ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǰƫ
ÏÍÍÑ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ Ó Ŀ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƾǳ ǶƟơƾǳơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÓÕ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƢŠ ƨǟȂǨǌǷ ȃǁȂǌǳơ ǆǴĐ ƢȀǤǴƦȇȁ ǵȂǇǂŠ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ŚǷȋơ ǵŐȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ
Ŀ Ƣǿǂǌǻȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ ƾǠƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧȂǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȁƗ ƧƾǿƢǠǸǴǳ ǹȂǰƫȁ .ǹƢȈƦǳơ ǺǷ ƤǇƢǼȇ
ƧƽƢȈǈǳơ ǩȂǬŞ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƜƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơȁ ƶǴǐǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠǷ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈũǂǳơ ƧƾȇǂŪơ
ǹƗ ƢǿƿƢǨǼǳ ƤŸ ƨǳȁƾǳơ śǻơȂǬǳ Ȑ Ɔ ȇƾǠƫ ǺǸǔƬƫ Ŗǳơ ȁƗ ƨǏƢŬơȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ śǼǗơȂŭơ ǩȂǬƷ ȁƗ
."ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǁƾǐƫ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ȆǴȈǸǰƬǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Śǌȇȁ
ơǂǜǻȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ǽǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǒǠƥ ǀȈǨǼƫ ǹƗ ńƛ (S/2004/179 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ
ǲȇƾǠƫȁ ƧƾȇƾƳ ƨȈǴƻơƽ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǁơƾǏƛ ƤǴǘƬȇ ƨȈǼǧȁ ƨȈƟơǂƳƛ ƤǻơȂƳ ǺǷ ǾȈǴǟ ȅȂǘǼƫ Ƣŭ
ƩǁƾǏ ƾǬǧ Ľ ǺǷȁ .ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ǽǀǿ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǎǼƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ǺǸǔȇ ƢŠ ƢȀǼǷ ǶƟƢǬǳơ
ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƢȀǼǷ ǲȈƦǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ
ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
.ƨȇŚŬơ ǱƢǸǟȌǳ
84
ǺǸǔƫȁ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǁƾǏ ǱƢưŭơ ǲȈƦǇ ȄǴǠǧ
œǰƫǂǷ ƨƦǫƢǠǷȁ ŉǂƴƬǳ ƨǇǂǰǷ ƢȀǠȈŦȁ ÎÍÔÎÍÓȁ ÎÍÎÖÐ ƽơȂŭơ ƢȀŷƗ ƢƆǷƢǰƷƗ
Ŗǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȐǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ƩơƔơƾƬǟȏơ
ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǠǳ ȅƢǿȏ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ȁ ÎÖÓÐ ǵƢǠǳ ȂȈǯȂǗ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ȇǿȁ ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƩƾǸƬǟơ
Ǯǳƿ ȄǴǟ ƧȁȐǟȁ .Ƣđ ǪƸǴŭơ ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǟ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥȁ ÎÖÔÎ ǵƢǠǳ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơȁ
ǵƢǠǳ ȂǣƢǰȈǋ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏơ ǀȈǨǼƬƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƢǷƢǰƷƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǸǔƫ
.ƢēȐȇƾǠƫȁ ƢȀǬƷȐǷȁÎÖÑÑ
ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ

ǵƢǠǳ ÏÐ Ƕǫǁ ȅǂǘǬǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÑÐÐ ńƛ ÑÍÔ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ ǶǜǼƫ
ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢȀŪơȁ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ śƥ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ÏÍÍÑ
.ȆƟƢǼŪơ ǱƢĐơ Ŀ
ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơȁ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ǆǷƢŬơ ƣƢƬǰǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǲȀƬǇơ ƾǫȁ
Ŀ Ƣđ ǱȂǸǠŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ǱȐƻȍơ ǵƾǟ ǞǷ" ǾǻƘƥ ȆǔǬƫȁ ÑÍÔ ƧƽƢŭƢƥ Ņȁƾǳơ
ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǞǷ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǹȁƢǠƬƫ ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠŭơ Ǖǂǌƥȁ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ
ǺǷ ÑÎÍ ƧƽƢŭơ ǹƗ ǚƷȐȇȁ ."ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬƦǗ ȆƟƢǼŪơ ǱƢĐơ Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ
ńƛ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀȈǧ ǃȂŸ ȏ Ŗǳơ ƩȏƢūơ Ò ńƛ Î ǺǷ ƩơǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ Ʃƽƾǟ ǹƗ ƾǠƥ ƩƾǸǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ǾǸȈǴǈƫ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǸǯƢŰ ȅǂǘǬǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƢȀȈǧ ǄȈŸ Ŗǳơ ƨǳƢūơ Ǻǟ ƨǇƽƢǈǳơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ Ʈȇƾūơ
ǍƢǐƬƻơ ǹȂǰȇ ƮȈŞ ƢȀǴƳƗ ǺǷ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨŻǂŪơ Ǻǟ ǂǘǫ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǵƢǷƗ
.ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƨƦǳƢǗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶǯƢŰ ǍƢǐƬƻȏ ƢƆƦƳƢƷ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǸǯƢƄƢƥ ȅǂǘǬǳơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ
(ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨȈǬȈǈǼƬǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Õ

ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ÏÍÍÏ ǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƾǏ
ƩƢȀŪơ ƨǧƢǯ śƥ ƽȂȀŪơ ǪȈǈǼƫ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨȈǬȈǈǼƬǳơ
ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ Ð ƺȇǁƢƬƥȁ .ǾȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ǁơǂǬǳơ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ
ƨǧƢǯ śƥ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ ǲǸǌȈǳ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǽǀǿ ƩƢǏƢǐƬƻơ ǞȈǇȂƬƥ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ÏÍÍÐ
ƽơƾǟƛȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ Ʃơǁơǂǫ ǞȈŦ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǆǴƴǸǴǳ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ǂȇǁƢǬƬǳơ
.ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ńƛ ƢŮƢǸǟƗ Ǻǟ ƨȇǁȁƽ ǂȇǁƢǬƫ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǽǀǿ Ǟǧǂƫȁ
Ŀ ƩƢȀƳ Ƨƾǟ ǍƢǐƬƻơ Ŀ ǁơǂǬǳơ ơǀŮ ƢƆǬƦǗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǴǸǟ ǲƻƾƫȁ
:Ȇǿ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
85
.ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩơǂƥƢƼŭơ ǃƢȀƳ •

.ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ ƮƷƢƦǷ ǃƢȀƳ •
.ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƧǁơǃȂƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǺǷȋơ ƩơȂǫ Ƨǁơƽƛ •
.ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƨƸǴǈŭơ ƩơȂǬǳƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƩơȂǬǳơ ƧƾƷȁ •
.ƞǻơȂŭơȁ ǭǁƢǸƴǴǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ •
.ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǂǘǫ ǥǂǐǷ •
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Ö

ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÔ ǵƢǠǳ (Ô) Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ ǃƢȀƳȁ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƨƸǴǈŭơ ƩơȂǬǳơȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ Ǻǟ śǴưŲ ǺǷ ǦǳƘƬƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
Ƨǁơǃȁȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ Ƨǁơǃȁȁ ǹƢǰǇȍơȁ ƨȈǻƾŭơ ƨǷƾŬơ ǹȁƚǋ Ƨǁơǃȁȁ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǺǷȋơ ƩơȂǫȁ
ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨǻƢǷȋơȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǥƢǫȁȋơ Ƨǁơǃȁȁ ǱƾǠǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁȁ ƧǁƢƴƬǳơȁ ƽƢǐƬǫȏơ
ƨǟƢǼǏȁ ƧǁƢš ƨǧǂǣȁ ƞǻơȂŭơȁ ǭǁƢǸƴǴǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƠȈŮơȁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǂǘǫ ǥǂǐǷȁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴĐ
ǪȈǈǼƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǏƢŬơ ƲǷơŐǳơȁ ǖǘŬơȁ ƩƢǇƢȈǈǳơ ǞǓȁ ƨǼƴǴǳƢƥ ǕƢǼȇȁ .ǂǘǫ
Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƨǧƢǯ śƥ ƽȂȀŪơ
Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ǥơƾǿȋơ ǡȂǴƥ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐÔÐ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪǫƽƢǏ ȁƗ ǂǘǫ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
.Ǿǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơ Ŀ ǺǗơȂŭơ ƨŷƢǈǷ ǄȇǄǠƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǂǗƢƼŠ ƨȈǟȂƬǳơȁ
ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ȅǁơǂǬƥ ƨǴǰǌŭơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǤǳƛ ȄǴǟ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǺǷ ƧǂǋƢǠǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƨǧƢǯ śƥ ƽȂȀŪơ ǪȈǈǼƬǳ ƨǯǂƬǌǷ ƨǼŪ ǲȈǰǌƫ ǹƘǌƥ ǺȇǁƽƢǐǳơ
ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ǪǴǠƬŭơȁ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ
(Î) Ƕǫǁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǆȈƟǁ ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ Ǿƫơƿ ǩƢȈǈǳơ Ŀȁ
ƩƢǟȂǸů ńƛ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǶȈǈǬƬƥȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǲǸǟ ǵƢǜǼǳ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ƨƸƟȐǳƢƥ
:ŅƢƬǳơ ȂƸǼǳơ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǟ
.ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǟȂǸů (Î )
.Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǟȂǸů (Ï )
.ƨȈǟȂƬǳơȁ ǵȐǟȍƢƥ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǟȂǸů (Ð )
ǦǴƬű ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƨǨǴƬƼŭơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ ƨȈǘǤƫ ƩƢǟȂǸĐơ ǽǀđ ǕƢǼȇȁ
.ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƧƾǠǏȋơ
86
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗȁ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ

ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ
ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ
.ÏÍÍÑ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ Õ Ŀ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǶƟơƾǳơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ
.ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÎ Ƕǫǁ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÐ Ƕǫǁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
ƤƳȂŠ ǱƾǠŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.(ƢȇȂŬ) ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǺǷȋơ ƧȂǫ ƔƢǌǻȍ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÏ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ǭǁƢǸŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÑÍ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
."ƨȇŚŬơ ǱƢǸǟȌǳ ƨȇǂǘǬǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ" ƔƢǌǻȍ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ǂǘǫ Ŀ ƤǻƢƳȋơ ƨǷƢǫƛȁ ǱȂƻƽ ǶȈǜǼƬǳ ÎÖÓÐ ǵƢǠǳ Ð Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ƨǏƢŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ Õ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
87
Ǟƥơǂǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ
ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ
ŉƾǬƫ
ƪǐǻȁ ÎÖÓÏ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÎÎ Ŀ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ǶƟơƾǳơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǁƾǏ
.ǞȇǂǌƬǴǳ ȆǈȈƟǁ ǁƾǐǷ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǹƗȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ǻȇƽ Ȃǿ ǵȐǇȍơ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ǾƫƽƢǷ
ǆǼƳ ǺǷ ƵƢƦǐǳơ ǭǁƢƦǷ ƨȇǁƿ Ŀ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƧǁƢǷƛ ǶǰƷ ǂǐƸǼȇ ǁȂƬǇƾǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁȁ
ǭƢǼǿȁ .ƨǸǯƢūơ ƧǂǇȋơ ƔƢǼƥƗ ǺǷ ƾȀǠǴǳ ƢƆȈǳȁ ǾȈǳȂƫ ǺǷ ƨǼǇ ǱȐƻ ŚǷȋơ śǠȇȁ ǁȂǯǀǳơ
.ƤƼƬǼǷ ƨǷƗ ǆǴůȁ ŚǷȋơ ǾǼȈǠȇ ƔơǁǃȂǴǳ ǆǴů
ƢƆȈƯơǁȁ ŚǷȋơ ǁƢƬźȁ .ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴůȁ ŚǷȋơ ǺǷ ƪȇȂǰǳơ Ŀ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǹȂǰƬƫȁ
ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ śȈǠƫȁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆȈƟǁ śȈǠƫ ƢȀǼǷ ƨǠǇơȁ ƩƢǘǴǈƥ ǞƬǸƬȇȁ ƵƢƦǐǳơ Ǳƕ ǺǷ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơȁ śǻơȂǬǳơ ƵơǂƬǫơ ŚǷȌǳ ǪŹȁ .ǶȀƦǏƢǼǷ ǺǷ ǶǿƙƢǨǟƛȁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆȈƟǁ ƵơǂƬǫơ
ǆǴů ƽƢǬǠǻơ ǁơȁƽƗ śƥ ƢǸȈǧ ƭƾƷ ơƿƛ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧȂǫ ƢŮ ǶȈǇơǂǷ ǁơƾǏƛ Ǿǳ ǪŹ ƢǸǯ ƢǿǁơƾǏƛȁ
ǽǀǿ Ǒǂǟ ƣȂƳȁ ǞǷ ŚƻƘƬǳơ ǲǸƬŢ ȏ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ƿƢţơ ƤƳȂȇ ƢǷ ǾǴƷ ƧǂƬǧ Ŀ ȁƗ ƨǷȋơ
.ǆǴĐơ ȄǴǟ ǶȈǇơǂŭơ
.ÎÖÓÐ ǵƢǟ ƧǂǷ Ǳȁȋ ƤƼƬǻơ ȅǀǳơ ƨǷȋơ ǆǴů ǺǷ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǹȂǰƬƫȁ
ǵƢǜǼǳơ ƨǸǫ ǄȈȈǸƬǳơ ƨǸǰŰ ƗȂƦƬƫȁ .ÎÖÒÖ ǵƢǟ ǀǼǷ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ƪǈǇƘƫȁ
ǶǯƢŰ ǲȈǰǌƫ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǃƢƳƗȁ .ƨƳǁƽ ǱȁƗ ǶǯƢŰ Ľ ǥƢǼƠƬǇȏơ ǶǯƢŰ ƢȀȈǴƫ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ
.ƨǗǂǌǳơ ƩơȂǫȁ ƨƸǴǈŭơ ƩơȂǬǳơ ƽơǂǧƗ ǺǷ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȇǂǰǈǠǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǂǜǼǴǳ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ
ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠǷƢƳȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨǸǜǼǷ Ŀ Ȃǔǟ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽȁ
.ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴůȁ ȆǷȐǇȍơ
ƪȇȂǰǳơ Ŀ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǜǴǳ ǲȈǴŢ

ǎȈƼǌƬǳ Ƨȁƾǻ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƾƥ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ƾȀǠǷ Ƕǜǻ ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ô Ŀ
ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƤǻƢŪơ Ǻǟ ƭƾƸƬŭơ ǂǯƿȁ .ƪȇȂǰǳơ Ŀ ƢđƢƦǇƗ Ǒǂǟ ƨǳȁƢŰȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨǴǰǌǷ
ǱƾǠǳơ ļǁơǃȂǳ ƾǟƢǈŭơ ǲȈǯȂǳơȁ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ śǷƢƄơ ƨȈǠŦ Ȃǔǟ ƣƢȀǋ ǱƢŦ ƿƢƬǇȋơ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƣƢƦǇƗ ǺǷ ǹƗ ƆƢǬƥƢǇ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơȁ
.ǞǸƬƴǸǴǳ ƨȈǻƢǰǈǳơ ƨƦȈǯǂƬǳơ ǱȐƬƻơ Î
ȆǫơǂǠǳơ ȁǄǤǳơ ƩƢȈǟơƾƫ ƨƴȈƬǻ Ƣđ ǲǷƢǠƬǳơ ƨƦǿǁ Ǳơȁǃȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ Ï
.ƪȇȂǰǴǳ
89
.ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƧǄȀƳȋơ Ŀ ǒǠƦǳơ ȃƾǳ ƨǬưǳơ ǵơƾǠǻơ Ð

Ŀ Ƣǿǁȁƾƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơ Ǻǟ ƢȀǨǴţȁ ƣƢƦǌǳơ ȃƾǳ ƨȈǼȇƾǳơȁ ƨȇǂǰǨǳơ ƨȈǠƳǂŭơ ƣƢȈǣ Ñ
ǂƯƘƬǳơ ȄǴǟ ƾǟƢǇ ȅǀǳơ ǂǷȋơ ƣƢƦǌǳơ Ʃơǁƾǫ ǱȐǤƬǇơ ǵƾǟȁ ǾȈƳȂƬǳơ
ƨȈǳƢǠǨƥ ƨǟƢǼǬǳơ ǵƾǟȁ ǥǂƸǼŭơ ǂǰǨǳơ ǺǷ ƨȈƳǁƢƻ ƩƢȈƳȂǳȂȇƾȇƘƥ
.ƨȈũǂǳơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ
ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ ƩƢǇƢȈǈǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ǒǠƦǳơ ȃƾǳ ƨȇƙǂǳơ ƵȂǓȁ ǵƾǟ Ò
.ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƩƢǨǳƢƸƬǳơȁ
.ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƧǄȀƳƗ ǒǠƥ Ŀ ȅǁơƽȍơ ƽƢǈǨǳơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ŀ ǵǄūơ ǵƾǟ Ó
ƨǳơƾǠǳơȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƽƢȈǇ ǄȇǄǠƬƥ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƨƦȈǿ ƺȈǇǂƫ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ ƭƾƸƬŭơ ƵǂƬǫơ ƾǫȁ
ƨȈǨƟƢǘǳơ ǁȁǀƥ ƨƥǁƢŰȁ ǁơȂūơ ƨǧƢǬưǳ ǲǿƚƫ ƨȈǷȐǟƛȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǠƫ ƲǿƢǼǷ ƽơƾǟƛȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ
ƨȈǨȈǛȁ ǖǘƻ ǀȈǨǼƫȁ ǞǓȁȁ śǼǗơȂŭơ ƧƢǻƢǠŠ ǵƢǸƬǿȏơȁ ȆƳȂǳȂȇƾȇȋơ ƿȁǀǌǳơȁ ƨȈǴƦǬǳơȁ
.ƣƢƦǌǳơ ƣƢǠȈƬǇȏ
ǑƢȇǂǳơ Ŀ ƾǬǠǼŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ ȃƾǳ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƾǧȂǳơ ǆȈƟǁ ǹƢǯȁ
ǹȂǰǻ ƢǷ ƱȂƷƗ ǵȂȈǳơ ǺŴ" ǾȈǧ ƔƢƳ ǹƢȈƦƥ ńƽƗ ƾǫ ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ ńƛ Ò ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ Ŀ
ǾȈǴǟ ǵȂǬȇȁ ǁƢǰǧȋơ ǮǴƬƥ ǱȂǬǠǳơ ȃǀǤȇ ȅǀǳơ ǾƬǧƢǬƯȁ ǥǂǘƬŭơ ǂǰǨǳơ ǞƥƢǼǷ ǦȈǨš ńƛ
ƨǷƾŬ ǶǿƾȈǼš ǲȈƦǇ Ŀ ƣƢƦǌǳơ śƥ Ƣǿǂǌǻ ńƛ ǥƾȀȇ ȅǀǳơȁ ǂǓƢūơ ƢǼƬǫȁ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǲǴŬơ ƤǻƢƳ ńƛȁ .ǶēƢǠǸƬů ƨȈǸǼƫ Ŀ ƨǳƐƢǠǨǳơ ǶēƢŷƢǈǷ ǺǷ ȏƆ ƾƥ ƨȈǷơǂƳȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǽǀǿ
ƨƷƢǈǳơ Ŀ śǳƢȈǰŠ ǲȈǰǳơ ƨǇƢȈǇ ǺǷ ƞǋƢǼǳơ ǕƢƦƷȍƢƥ ǅƢǈƷȍơ ǭƢǼǿ ȅȂƥǂƬǳơȁ ĿƢǬưǳơ
."ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
ǺǷ ĿƢǬưǳơ ƾȇƾƴƬǳơ ƧǁȁǂǓ ȄǴǟ ǂŤƚŭơ ńƛ ƨǷƾǬŭơ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǫǁȁ ƩƾǯƗ ƾǫȁ
ƨȈǸǴǠǳơ ǶȈǬǳơ ƔȐǟƛȁ ƶǷƢǈƬǳơ ńƛ ƧȂǟƾǳơȁ řȇƾǳơ ƣƢǘŬơ ƾȇƾšȁ ǽǂȇȂǘƫȁ ǶȈǴǠƬǳơ ƮȇƾŢ
ƨǠƳơǂǷ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ǶƟȐŭơ ĿƢǬưǳơ ƹƢǼŭơ ŚǧȂƫȁ ȆǷȐǟȍơ ƨƠȈē Ǻǟ Ȑ Ɔ ǔǧ ǂƯƚƫȁ ǝƾƦƫ Ŗǳơ
(řȇƽ) ȆǷȐǇƛ ƣƢǘƻ ƨǣƢȈǏȁ œǴǇ ŚƯƘƫ ƢŮ ǹƢǯ Ŗǳơ ȃȁƢƬǨǳơȁ ƩƢǧǂǐƬǳơȁ ǱơȂǫȋơ
.ǥǁƢǠŭơ ǞȈŦ Ŀ ǀƻƖŭơȁ ǪǳơǄŭơ ǲǯ ȄǴǟ ƽǂǴǳ ƾȇƾƳ
ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ "ǂǰǨǳƢƥ ǂǰǨǳơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ" ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǆȈƟǁ ƨǳȂǬŭ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫȁ
ǥơǂŴȏơ ǂǿƢǜǷ ǺǷ ǶȀƬȇƢǫȁȁ ƣƢƦǌǳơ ƨȇƢǸū ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÑ/ÕÐÐ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ
Ʃơǁơǃȁ Ǻǟ śǴưŲ ƢȀƬȇȂǔǟ Ŀ Ƕǔƫȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǥƢǫȁȋơ ǂȇǃȁ ƢȀǇƗǂƬȇ ƤǐǠƬǳơȁ
ƨȇƢǸŞ ƨǴȈǨǰǳơȁ ƨƦǇƢǼŭơ ǖǘŬơ ǞǔƬǳ ƨȈƥǂƬǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǵȐǟȍơȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ
ƨƯȐƯ ȄǴǟ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǲǸǠƫȁ .řȇƾǳơ ǥǂǘƬǳơȁ ƤǐǠƬǳơȁ ǥơǂŴȏơ ǂǿƢǜǷ ǺǷ ǶȀƬȇƢǫȁȁ ƣƢƦǌǳơ
.ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ƤǻơȂŪơȁ ƧƾƴƬǈŭơ ƨȈǯȂǴǈǳơ ǂǿơȂǜǳơ ƨǇơǁƽȁ ǥǂǘƬǳơ ƨŪƢǠǷ :ǁȁƢŰ
90
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‐ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ

ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ƨǔǿƢǼŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨǷǂĐơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǹƗ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ȃǂƫ
ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ śǻơȂǬǳơ Ŀ ƢǔȇƗ ƨǷǂů ƨǻǁƢǬŭơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ȁƗ
ǺǷƗ ǶƟơǂŝ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ÎÖÓÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÓ Ƕǫǁ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǶƟơǂŝ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÎÖÕÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ
ƨǷȐǈƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƪǸǔǻơ Ǯǳƿ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥȁ .ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ
ȆƟƢǼŪơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ơƆƔǄƳ ƪƸƦǏƗ Ŗǳơ ȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǺǷ ƨǟȂǸů ǵĈǂš Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
.ŖȇȂǰǳơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÔÎ ƧƽƢŭơ Ƕǰū ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ŖȇȂǰǳơ
Ǿǳ ƨǳƾǠŭơ śǻơȂǬǳơȁ ÎÖÓÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÓ Ƕǫǁ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ

ÎÓ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ƨǫǂǨƬǷ ǍȂǐǻ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ŀƢǟ
ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÍÓȁ ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÓÏȁ ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÎ) ǵƢǫǁƗ śǻơȂǬǳƢƥ ǱƾǠŭơ ÎÖÓÍ ǵƢǠǳ
ƨŻǂƳ ȄǴǟ ƤǫƢǠƫ ǾǼǷ Ñ ƧƽƢŭơ ǹƗ Ȑ
Ɔ ưǷ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷȁ .(ÎÖÖÔ ǵƢǠǳ Ñȁ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÔÖȁ
ǵƢǜǻ ƤǴǫ ȄǴǟ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ ƨŻǂƳ ȄǴǟ ƤǫƢǠƫ ÏÖ ƧƽƢŭơȁ ƨǷȂǰūơ ǺǷ ǹƿƛ ŚǤƥ ƾǼŪơ ǞŦ
ÐÑ ƧƽƢŭơȁ ƧǁȂǜƄơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơ Ŀ ǭơǂƬǋȏơ ƨŻǂƳ ȄǴǟ ƤǫƢǠƫ ÐÍ ƧƽƢŭơȁ ƧȂǬǳƢƥ Ƕǰūơ
ǵƢǠǳơ ǺǷȋƢƥ ǱȐƻȍơ ȁƗ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ǑǂǤƥ ǂȀǸš Ŀ ǭơǂƬǋȏơ ƨŻǂƳ ȄǴǟ ƤǫƢǠƫ
.ƤȇǂƼƬǳơ ȁƗ ǂǟǀǳơ ƨǟƢǋƛ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǲƬǫ Ŀ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ƤǫƢǠƫ ÐÒ ƧƽƢŭơȁ
ǱƾǠŭơ ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ñ ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǂǜŹȁ
ȁƗ ƣǂūơ ǂǘŬ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǑĈǂǠȇ ǹƗ ǾǻƘǋ ǺǷ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ƨǳȁƽ ƾǓ ȆƟơƾǟ ǲǸǟ ȅƘƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơ
.ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ƩƢǫȐǠǳơ Ǟǘǫ
ǒȇǂǠƫȁ (ÎÓÒÎÑÖ ƽơȂŭơ) Ɣơǀȇȍơȁ ƵǂŪơȁ ǲƬǬǳơ ǶƟơǂƳ ŉǂš ǎǼǳơ ǺǸǔƫȁ
ȁƗ ǵơƾǟȍơ ƢȀƬƥȂǬǟ ǲǠƳȁ (ÎÔÏÎÔÎ ǹƢƫƽƢŭơ) ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǩǂǘǳơ Őǟ ǲǬƬǼƫ ƔƢȈǋƗ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋƗ
ǲƬǫ ƾǐǬƥ ƨǴȈūơ ȁƗ ƾȇƾȀƬǳƢƥ ȁƗ ƧȂǬǳƢƥ ǦǘŬơ ǶƟơǂƳȁ ƧƢǧȂǳơ ƢȀȈǴǟ Ƥƫǂƫ ơƿƛ ƾƥƚŭơ ǆƦūơ
ƢȀƬƥȂǬǟ ǲǠƳȁ (ÎÕÍ ƧƽƢŭơ) ǽŚǣ ǺǷ ȁƗ ǾǼǷ ƔȆǋ ǃơǄƬƥơ ȁƗ Ǿƥ ȃƿƗ ǩƢūƛ ȁƗ ǥȂǘƼŭơ
ƢǓǁ ŚǤƥ ƢŮȂƻƽȁ ƢȀƬǷǂƷ ǭƢȀƬǻơȁ ŚǤǳơ ǭȐǷƗ ǥȐƫƛȁ ƨǼǏǂǬǳơ ǱƢǠǧƗ ǵĈǂƳ ƢǸǯ .ǵơƾǟȍơ
ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƾǐǬƥ ȁƗ ƧǃƢȈūơ ǺǷ ǾǠǼŭ Ǯǳƿ ǹƢǯ ƔơȂǇ ƧȂǬǳơȁ ǦǼǠǳơ ǵơƾƼƬǇơȁ ƢǿǄƟƢƷ
ǲȈǏƢƄơ ȁƗ ŘǰǈǴǳ ƧƾǠŭơ ȁƗ ƨǻȂǰǈŭơ ǺǯƢǷȋơ Ŀ ǪƟơǂūơ ǱƢǠǋƛȁ (ÏÒÓÏÑÖ ƽơȂŭơ)
.(ÏÑÕÏÑÏ ƽơȂŭơ) ŚǤǴǳ ƨǯȂǴǸŭơ ƔƢȈǋȋơȁ ƨȈǟơǁǄǳơ
91
ǩƢǘǻ Ŀ ǲƻƾƫ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÔÍ ƧƽƢŭơ ǹƗ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ȃǂƫȁ
ȁƗ Ɣơƾǻ ǾƳȁ ȁƗ ƨǴǴǔǷ ƧǁƢǋƛ ȄǘǟƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ" ƤǫƢǠƫ ȆȀǧ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ǒǠƥ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋȋƢƥ ǁơǂǓȍơ ơƆƾǏƢǫ ƧǂƟƢǗ ȁƗ ƨǼȈǨǇ ǲȈǴǔƫ ƢĔƘǋ ǺǷ ƩơǂȇǀŢ ȁƗ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƫ ǁƾǏƗ
ǚǴǤƫȁ ƨǷơǂǤǳƢƥȁ "ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ ǃȁƢƴƬƫ ȏ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūƢƥ ǲǬǼǳơ ƨǴȈǇȁ ǥȐƫƛ ȁƗ ƔƢȈǋȋƢƥ
ȁƗ ǎƼǋ ƨƥƢǏƛ ńƛ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǔǧƗ ơƿƛ ƨǷơǂǤǳơȁ ƨǼǇ Ƨǂǌǟ ǆŨ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūơ ńƛ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ
."ƾƥƚŭơ ǆƦūơ ȁƗ ǵơƾǟȍơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ƪǻƢǯ ǹƢǈǻƛ ƧƢǧȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ Ƥƫǂƫ ơƿƛȁ" ƨǤȈǴƥ Ƶȁǂŝ ǂưǯƗ
ǪƥƢǈǳơ Ǯȇǂǌǳơȁ ǲǟƢǨǴǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ƨǧƢǯ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨŷƢǈŭơ ǁȂǏ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǱȁƢǼƫȁ
.ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÑÖ ńƛ ÑÔ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ Ŀ Ǯǳƿȁ ǪƷȐǳơ Ǯȇǂǌǳơȁ
ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ ǺȇǂǌƫÎÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƶǓȂȇȁ
ƨȈǼƥ ǎƼǌǳơ ǶǴǟ ƽǂů ŐƬǟơ ƾǫ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǹƗ (S/2006/903 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ÏÍÍÓ
ȅƗ ǾȈǳƛ ǵƾǫ ƢǷ ơƿƛ ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ǾǴǠŸ ȆƳǁƢŬơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƘƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ňƢŪơ
.ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ǝơȂǻƗ ǺǷ ǝȂǻ
ǹȂǻƢǫ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǒǠƥ ǲȇƾǠƫ ȄǴǟ ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ÏÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǐǻ ƾǫȁ
ƨȈǼƥ ƢƆŭƢǟ ǹƢǯ ǺǷ ǲǯ ȆƳǁƢŬơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƘƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ƾǠȇ ǾǻƗ ȏƛ ƔơǄŪơ
Ǯǳƿ Śǣ ȁƗ ǝƢǸƬƳȐǳ ƢƆǻƢǰǷ ȁƗ ȃȁƘǷ ȁƗ Řǰǈǳơ ȁƗ ǊȈǠƬǴǳ ƨǴȈǇȁ ȁƗ ƨǻƢǟƛ ǾȈǳƛ ǵƾǫȁ ňƢŪơ
.ƩȐȈȀǈƬǳơ ǺǷ
ÎÖÖÖ/ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƾǏǁ ǁƢǗƛ Ŀ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹƘƥ (S/AC.37/2003/1455 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
ƾǏǁ Ǻǟ ƩǂǨǇƗ ǹƢƦǳƢǗ ƨǯǂƷȁ ƧƾǟƢǬǳơ ǶȈǜǼƫȁ ǹƽȏ Ǻƥ ƨǷƢǇƗ ƨǟƢǸŪ ƩƢǯǂŢ ȅƗ
ƢŮƢǇǁƛȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǞǸŝ ƽơǂǧȋơ ǒǠƥ ǵƢȈǫ ƾǏǁ Ļ ƮȈƷ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ǽǀǿ ƢȀǇǁƢŤ ƨǘǌǻƗ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƨȇǂǰǈǠǳơ ƩƢȈǐƼǌǳơ ƾǓ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǵơƾƼƬǇƢƥ ƽơǂǧȋơ ǒǠƥ ǵƢȈǫȁ ƱǁƢƼǴǳ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ǽǀǿ ƾǓ ƧǀƼƬŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƾǸƬǈĄƫȁ .ƽȐƦǳơ Ŀ ǺȇƾƳơȂƬŭơ ǺǷȁ ƨǬȇƾǐǳơ
:ƨȈƫȉơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǵǂš Ŗǳơ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǺǷ
Ǯǳƿ ǹƘǋ ǺǷ ǹƢǯȁ ƢȀƬƸǴǐŭ ǹȂǴǸǠȇ ǺǷ ȃƾǳȁ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ƨǳȁƽ ȃƾǳ ȆǠǈǳơ (Ɨ)
.ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǄǯǂŠ ǁơǂǓȍơ
ƩơȂǬƥ ǩƢƸƬǳȏơȁ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ƨǳȁƽ ƾǓ ȆƟơƾǟ ǲǸǠƥ ƨǷȂǰūơ ǺǷ ǹƿƛ ŚǤƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơ (ƣ)
.ȃǂƻƗ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ƨǳȁƾǳ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ
ǪȈǬŢ ƾǐǬƥ ƧŚƻǀǳơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơȁ ƵȐǈǳơ ǲŧȁ ƨȈƥǂūơ ǹȂǼǨǳơ ȄǴǟ ƣǁƾƬǳơ (Ʊ)
.ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ ǑơǂǣƗ
.ƨǷȂǰūơ ǺǷ ǹƿƛ ŚǤƥ ƤȇǁƾƬǳơ ƩơǂǰǈǠǷ ƔƢǌǻƛ ǲȇȂŤ (ƽ )
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ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÎ Ƕǫǁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ ǹȂǻƢǫ

ǲǘǟ ȁƗ ƤȈǟ ȁƗ ǦǴƫƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƾƥƚŭơ ǆƦūƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǾǼǷ Õ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
ȁƗ ƨǷƢǟ ǪǧơǂǷ ȁƗ ƩȐǏơȂǷ ǲƟƢǇȁ ȁƗ ƩƖǌǼǷ ȁƗ ƩƢǸȀǷ ȁƗ ƩơǂƟƢǗ ȁƗ ƢƆǼǨǇ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇƗ
.Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ǲǸǠƬǈȇ ƢŲ ȁƗ ƽȐƦǳơ Ǻǟ ǝƢǧƾǴǳ ƾǟƗ ƢŲ Ǯǳƿ Śǣ ȁƗ ƨȇȁƽƗ ȁƗ ƢƆǻƚǷ ȁƗ ǂƟƢƻƿ
ǺǷ ȐƆ Ǹǟ ơƆƾǸǟ ȄƫƗ ǺǷ ǲǯȁ .ƢȀƷȐǏƛ ȁƗ ƢȀǠǼǏ ơƆƾǸǟ ƔƢǇƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ Ƣēơƿ ƨƥȂǬǠǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ
.ƭƽƢƷ ƢȀǼǟ ƘǌǼȇ ȁƗ Ǿǳ ƩƾǟƗ ƢǸȈǧ Ƣđ ǝƢǨƬǻȐǳ ƢƆƬǫƚǷ Ȃǳȁ ƨūƢǏ Śǣ ƢȀǴǠŸ ǹƗ ǾǻƘǋ
."ƣǂūơ ǺǷǃ Ŀ ƪǠǫȁ ơƿƛ ǵơƾǟȍơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ
Ŗǳơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ȁƗ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ȁƗ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǂǜŢ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÐÍ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ȁƗ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ ǩǂǘƥ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ǶǜǼǳơ ǵƾǿ ńƛ ȄǷǂƫ ƝƽƢƦǷ ǂǌǻ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ ƢȀǓǂǣ ǹȂǰȇ
ǆƦūƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ ƽȐƦǳơ Ŀ ǶƟƢǬǳơ ȅƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ȁƗ ȆǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ȄǴǟ ƧȂǬǳƢƥ ǑƢǔǬǻȏơ
ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ńƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȐǳ ǹȂǟơƾǳơȁ ǹȂǸǜǼŭơ ƨǼǇ Ƨǂǌǟ ǆŨ ǃȁƢš ȏ ƧƾǷ
ŃƢǟ Ȃǿȁ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ǭǂƬǋơ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƩơȂǼǇ ǂǌǟ ǃȁƢš ȏ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ
."Ǿǳ ǲǸǠƫ ȅǀǳơ ǑǂǤǳƢƥ
ƨǼǇ Ƨǂǌǟ ǆŨ ǃȁƢš ȏ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÐÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ȁƗ ƵȐǈǳơ ǲŧ ȄǴǟ ǂưǯƗ ȁƗ ƢƆǐƼǋ ƣǁƽ ȁƗ ǹƐ ǂǷ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƩơȂǼǇ ƭȐƯ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏȁ
śƥǁƾŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋƢƥ ƨǻƢǠƬǇȏơ ơƆƾǏƢǫ ƪǻƢǯ ƢȇƗ ƨȈƥǂƷ ƢǻȂǼǧ ǾǼǬǳ ȁƗ ƧŚƻǀǳơ ǵơƾƼƬǇơ
ƣǁƾƫ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ ǃȁƢš ȏ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ .ǝȁǂǌǷ Śǣ Ǒǂǣ ǪȈǬƸƬǳ
ǺǷ ǹƗ ŃƢǟ Ȃǿȁ ƨȈƥǂƷ ƢǻȂǼǧ ȄǬǴƫ ǺǷ ǲǯȁ ƧŚƻǀǳơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ȁƗ ƵȐǈǳơ ǲŧ ȄǴǟ
."ǝȁǂǌǷ Śǣ Ǒǂǣ ǪȈǬŢ Ŀ Ǿƥ ƨǻƢǠƬǇȏơ ƾǐǬȇ ǾǼǬǴȇ ȁƗ Ǿƥǁƾȇ
śƦƟƢƬǳơ Ǻǟ ȂǨǠǳơ
ơƿƛ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩƢǸǯƢƄơȁ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÓÍ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
Ǯǳƿ ǺǷ ƾǋƗ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ȁƗ ƩơȂǼǇ ǞƦǇ ȄǴǟ ƾȇǄƫ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūƢƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǻƢǯ
ƾǓ ȁƗ ǶǿƾǓ ƨȈǧƢǯ ƨǳƽƗ ńƛ ƨƳƢƷ Ŀ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ǹƢǯȁ ǎƼǋ ǺǷ ǂưǯƗ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ǭǂƬǋơȁ
ǎƼǋ ȅȋ ơƆȂǨǟ ƶǼŻ ǹƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ƤǴǗ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ǵƢǠǳơ ǺǷȋơȁ ƨǗǂǌǳơ ǆȈƟǂǴǧ ǶȀǔǠƥ
ȆǨǰƫ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŠ Ņƾȇ ǹƗ Ǖǂǋ ȄǴǟ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ƢƆǸȀƬǷ ǹƢǯ Ȃǳȁ ƨŻǂŪƢƥ ƨǫȐǟ Ǿǳ ǹƗ Ǻǜȇ
ŐƬǠȇȁ ǶȀƬǻơƽƛ ȄǴǟ ƾǟƢǈƫ ƨǳƽƗ ǺǷ Ǿȇƾǳ ƢǷ ǲǯ ǵƾǬȇ ǹƗȁ Ǻȇǂƻȉơ śǸȀƬŭơ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǴǳ
ǺǷ Ô ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ǎǼǳơ ơǀǿ ǁǂǰƫȁ ."śǸȈǳơ ǦǴŹ ȏ ǾǼǰǳȁ ơƆƾǿƢǋ ƨǳƢūơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ǶȀƬŭơ
Ƕǫǁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÏÏ ƧƽƢŭơȁ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǶƟơǂŝ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÎÖÕÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÎ
ƨǷȐǈƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǡȐƥƜƥ ƧƢǼŪơ ƾƷƗ ǵƢȈǫ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǺǷ ƔƢǨǟȍơ ȄǴǟ ƨȇȂŪơ ƨƷȐŭơȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ
93
ǁƢƦƻƜƥ ňƢŪơ ǵƢǫ ơƿƛ ƨŻǂŪơ ǝȂǫȁ ƾǠƥ ŕƷ ƔƢǨǟȍơ ơǀǿ ƾƬŻȁ .ƨŻǂŪơ ǀȈǨǼƫ Ŀ ƔƾƦǳơ ǲƦǫ
.ǊȈƬǨƬǳơȁ ƮƸƦǳƢƥ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵƢȈǫ ǲƦǫ ƢȀȈǧ ǶǿƢǇ ǺŠȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǝȂǫȂƥ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ
ǭǁơƾƬȇ ƮȈŞ ŉȂǬǳơ ǭȂǴǈǳơ Ǻǟ ǥǂŴơ Ǻŭ ƨƥȂƬǳơ ƣƢƥ ƵƢƫƗ ƾǫ ǝǂǌŭơ ǹȂǰȇ Ǯǳǀƥȁ
.ǵơǂƳȍơ ƧƽƢƳ Ǻǟ ƣơȂǐǳơȁ Ǫūơ ƧƽƢƳ ńƛ ǝȂƳǂǴǳ ȏƆ Ƣů Ǿǳ ǭǂƬǧ ǾȈǴǟ ǵƾǬȇ ȅǀǳơ ǂǷȋơ ƧǁȂǘƻ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǍƢƻ Ǟȇǂǌƫ ǺǇ ńƛ ƨƳƢūơ ȃƾǷ ǱȂƷ ǱƾŪơ

ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǍƢƻ Ǟȇǂǌƫ ǺǇ ńƛ ƨƳƢūơ ȃƾǷ ǱȂƷ ƪȇȂǰǳơ Ŀ ǱƾŪơ ǁȁƾȇ
ƨǳȁƢŰ ƢǿǂȀǋƗ ǹƢǯ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƭơƾƷƗ Ƨƾǟ ƩƾȀǋ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǹƗ ńƛ ǒǠƦǳơ Śǌȇȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǂǠǌȇ Ńȁ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơ ȆǿƢǬŭơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ŚƴǨƫȁ ÎÖÕÓ ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ŚǷƗ ǱƢȈƬǣơ
ǱƢǸǟȋơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǍƢƻ Ǟȇǂǌƫ ǺǇȁ ǲƻƾƬǳơ ƤƳȂƬǈƫ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƫ ƩơǂǤƯ ǭƢǼǿ ǹƗ ŖȇȂǰǳơ
ǶȈǜǼƫ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÔÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƾǠȇ ƔƢǔǬǴǳ ȄǴǟȋơ ǆǴĐơ ǹƗ ǦȈǔȇȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
Ǯǳǀǳ ƧǁȁǂǓ ȃƗǁ ƢǸǴǯ ȁƗ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ǂȀǋ ǲǯ ƨȇơƾƥ Ŀ ƢȇȂǼǇ ơƆǂȇǂǬƫ ƔƢǔǬǳơ
ǺǷ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ǚǨūơ Ʃơǁơǂǫȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǾǼǟ ƪǻƢƥƗ ƢǷ ǺǸǔƬȇ
ǂȇǃȁ ńȂƬȇȁ .ƨǳơƾǠǳơ Śǈƥ ǑȂȀǼǴǳ ƢƆǷǃȏ ǽơǂȇ ƢǷȁ ǾȈǧ ǑȂǸǣ ȁƗ ǶƟƢǬǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ Ŀ ƩơǂǤƯ
ƔƢǔǬǴǳ ȄǴǟȋơ ǆǴĐơ ǵƾǬƫ ǹƗ ƭƾŹ Ń Ǯǳƿ ǞǷȁ .ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ńƛ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ơǀǿ Ǟǧǁ ǱƾǠǳơ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȌǳ ƨǷǂĐơ ǍȂǐǼǳơ Ŀ ƩơǂǤƯ ƾǈǳ ȆǠȇǂǌƫ ǲȇƾǠƫ ƔơǂƳȍ ƤǴǘƥ
ǃǁƢƥ ǂƯƗ ƨŭȂǠǴǳ ǹƢǯ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳơ ƧǂǿƢǛ Ȇǿ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƧǂǿƢǛ ǹƗ ńƛ ǂƻƕ ȅƗǁ Ƥǿǀȇȁ
ȆǇƢȈǈǳơȁ řȇƾǳơȁ ȆǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ ĿƢǬưǳơ ǲƻơƾƬǳơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƨȈǷơǂƳƛ ƧǂǿƢǛ ńƛ ƢȀǴȇȂŢ Ŀ
ǹƜǧ Ǯǳǀǳȁ .ŃƢǠǳơ ƩƢǠǸƬů śƥ ǾǴǫƢǼƫ ƪǴȀǇȁ ǾǫơǁȁƗ ƨŭȂǠǳơ ƪǘǴƻ ȅǀǳơ ȅƽƢǐƬǫȏơȁ
ǲǯ Ŀ ǂǜǼǳơ ƧƽƢǟƛ ƤŸ ǲƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǽƾƷȂǳ ȆǨǰȇ ȏ ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǲȇƾǠƫ
ǲǯ ǲȈǠǨƫ śǠƬȇȁ .ƨŭȂǠǴǳ ƨȈƦǴǈǳơ ƩƢȈǟơƾƬǳơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǡơǂǨǳơ ƔǲǷȁ śǻơȂǬǳơ
ƪǠƐǫȁ Ŗǳơ ƽȁƾƸǴǳ ƧǂƥƢǠǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
Ǯǳǀǳ ȏƆ ƢưǷ ǩƢǈȇȁ .ƢȀǸȈǿƢǨǷ ǱƢǸǟȍ ƨȇǁȁǂǔǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǣƢȈǏ ƧƽƢǟƛȁ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƢȀȈǴǟ
ǱƢǐƫȏơ ǲƟƢǇȁȁ ƨȈƫƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǲǔǨƥ ǾǳȂŢȁ ǹƢȈƷȋơ ǒǠƥ Ŀ ƨŻǂŪơ ǲŰ ǥȐƬƻƢƥ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷ
ǱȁƾǴǳ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ƽȁƾūơ ȄǘƼƬƫ ƨǰƦǋ ȄǴǟ ȅȂǼǠǷ ƽȂƳȁ ƽǂů ńƛ ǅȂǸǴǷ ȅƽƢǷ ǹƢȈǯ ǺǷ
ǆǨǻ Őǟ ƩƢǻƢȈƦǳơ ƨǫǂǇ ȁƗ ƪǻǂƬǻȍơ ȄǴǟ ǞǫȂǷ Őǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂƳ ȄǴǟ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ ǲưǷ
ƨȇǂǈǬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƿƢţơ śƥ ƨǻǃơȂŭơ ƧǁȁǂǓ ƧƢǟơǂǷ ƤŸ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ .ƢȀǼǷȁ ƨǰƦǌǳơ
.ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ǾƫƢȇǂƷȁ ǺǗơȂŭơȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǵơǂƬƷơ ƩơǁȁǂǓȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǺǷ ǲǇǂŭơ ǆǷƢŬơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ǍƢƻ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǝȁǂǌǷ ƽơƾǟƛ ƽƾǐƥ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǹƘƥ (S/2006/903 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ
Ŗǳơ ȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǸǬƥ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƩƢȈǔƬǬǷ ǁƢƦƬǟȏơ Ŀ ǀƻƘȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
.ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů Ʃơǁơǂǫ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪǫĈƾǏ
94
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ï

ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ Ǳȁȋơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƾȈǨȇ
ǽǀƼƬƫ ƢǷ ǹƘƥ (S/2001/1221 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ƧƘǌǼŭơȁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ
ƩơƾǿƢǠŭƢƥ ǕƢƦƫǁȏơ Ŀ ǲưǸƬȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǫȁ ǞǼŭ Śƥơƾƫ ǺǷ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ
Ʃơƿ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵơǂƥƛȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǝȂǓȂŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ
ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƩƢȇȏȂǳơ Ŀ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ǺǷ ǂǌǟ ȅƽƢūơ ƩơƔơƾƬǟơ ƣƢǬǟƗ Ŀȁ řǷȋơ ǞƥƢǘǳơ
ÏÍÍÎ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ Ô ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÕÓÔ Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁƾǏƗ ƨȈǰȇǂǷȋơ
ƨǼŪ ǲȈǰǌƫ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ƱǁƢŬơȁ ǲƻơƾǳơ Ŀ ȅŚŬơ ǲǸǠǳơ ǶȈǜǼƬǳ ƢȈǴǟ ƨȇǁơǃȁ ƨǼŪ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ
.ƨȇŚŬơ ǹƢƴǴǳơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǲǸǟ ǶȈǜǼƬǳ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƨǇƢƟǂƥ ƨȈǟǂǧ
ƢȇƢǟǂǳ ƽȂǠƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǱȂǏȋơ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ȄǴǟ ǂǜūơ ǑǂǨƥ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǵȂǬȇȁ
Ǻȇǀǳơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ Ɣȏƚǿ ƢȀǷƾƼƬǈȇ ǹƗ ǺǰŻ Ŗǳơȁ ƩƢǻƢȈǯ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋƗ ȁƗ Ǳȁƽ
ƽȂǠƫ ȁƗ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ǹȂǯǁƢǌȇ ȁƗ ǹȂǴȀǈȇ ȁƗ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ǹȂǳȁƢŹ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƗ ǹȂƦǰƫǂȇ
ƾǫȁ .ǍƢƼǋȋơ Ɣȏƚǿ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ Śǣ ȁƗ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ ƧǁȂǐƥ ƢȀȈǧ ǶǰƸƬȇ ȁƗ ƢȀǰǴƬŻ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǻƢȈǰǴǳ
ǶȈǸǠƬǳơ ǱƢưŭơ ǲȈƦǇ ȄǴǟ ƢȀǼǷ ǝȂǓȂŭơ ơǀđ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǶȈǷƢǠƬǳơ ǺǷ ơƆƽƾǟ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǁƾǏƗ
ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƽǁơȂŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƾȈǸƴƬƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÎÖÖÖ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ Ŀ ƹǁƚŭơ
Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǬǳ ƢƆǬȈƦǘƫ Ǯǳƿȁ ǹƢƦǳƢǗ ƨǯǂū ǂǋƢƦǷ Śǣ ȁƗ ǂǋƢƦǷ ǲǰǌƥ ƧƾƟƢǠǳơ
.(ÎÖÖÖ)ÎÏÓÔ
ǺǸǔƫȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ǍƢŬơ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǁƾǏȁ
ǲǸǰȇ Ȃǿȁ .ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ǺǷ ƨǴǐƸƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǄƴƷȁ ƧǁƽƢǐŠ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƢƆǷƢǰƷƗ
ńƛ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ Śǌƫȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǹƘǌƥ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ŀ ƽǁơȂǳơ ŉǂƴƬǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƢǧǂǠƫ Ń ǹƛȁ ǕƢǌǼǳơ ơǀǿ ǹƢǷĈǂš Śƻȋơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ ÒÏȁ ÑÕ śƫƽƢŭơ ǹƗ
.ƶȇǂǏ ǲǰǌƥ
:ƢȀǟȂǫȁ ǲƦǫ ƨŻǂŪơ Ŀ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ƾǠȇ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ÑÕ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
.ƨŻǂƴǴǳ ǹȂǰŭơ ǲǠǨǳơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ȄǴǟ ǑĈǂƷ ǺǷ :ȏƆ ȁƗ
ơǀǿ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ƪǠǫȂǧ ƨŻǂƴǴǳ ǹȂǰŭơ ǲǠǨǳơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ȄǴǟ ǽŚǣ ǞǷ ǪǨƫơ ǺǷ :ƢƆȈǻƢƯ
."ǩƢǨƫȏơ
ǾǸǴǟ ǞǷ ƨŻǂƴǴǳ ƧǄȀĐơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ Ŀ ƪǻƢǯ ƨǬȇǂǗ ƨȇƘƥ ǲǟƢǨǳơ ƾǟƢǇ ǺǷ :ƢƆưǳƢƯ
."ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ǽǀǿ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ƪǠǫȂǧ Ǯǳǀƥ
ƢȀǟȂǫȁ ǲƦǫ ƨŻǂƳ Ŀ ǭǂƬǋơ ǺǷ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÒÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Î ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫȁ
."Ǯǳƿ ǥȐş ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ȅǔǫ ơƿƛ ȏƐ ƛ ƢȀƬƥȂǬǟ ǾȈǴǠǧ
95
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪƦǘƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǸǓ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ Ʊơǁƽƛ ǺǰŻ śǐǼǳơ Ǻȇǀǿ ƤƳȂŠȁ
ȁƗ ǩƢǨƫȏơ ȁƗ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ Ǫȇǂǘƥ ƨŻǂŪơ Ŀ ǭơǂƬǋȏơ ǁȂǏ ȃƾƷƛ ƢǿǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǽǀǿ
.ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ
ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơ ǺǷ ơƆƽƾǟ ƨȈǳƢŭơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƩǁƾǏƗ ƾǫȁ
ǪǴǠƬŭơȁ ÏÍÍÏ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÎÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ÏÍÍÏ/ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơ ƢȀŷƗ ǺǷȁ
Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǝȂǓȂŭ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ƨǠƦƬŭơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍƢƥ
ƢȀǟƢƦƫơ ƤƳơȂǳơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÏ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ÏÍÍÏ/ÏÒÏ
Ô ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ÏÍÍÐ/Ö Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
ƩȐǸǟ ǺǷ ǶēǃȂŞ ƢǸǟ ƽȐƦǳơ ńƛ śǷƽƢǬǳơȁ ǺȇǂǧƢǈŭơ ǡȐƥƛ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ
.ŖȇȂǯ ǁƢǼȇƽ ǥȏƕ ƨƯȐƯ ǢǴƦǷ ƢȀƬǸȈǫ ǩȂǨƫ ƨǸȈǫ ǞƟƢǔƥ ȁƗ ƨȈƦǿƿ ǮƟƢƦǇ ȁƗ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ȁƗ ƨȈǼǗȁ
ƧƾƷȁ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÎÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÏÍÍÐ/ÎÍ Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǁƾǏȁ
ơƆǁơǂǫ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǮǼƥ ǁƾǏƗȁ .ȅǄǯǂŭơ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǮǼƥ Ŀ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢȇǂƸƬǳơ
ǺǷ ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ƢǸǯ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ÏÍÍÐ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÏÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǮǼƦǳơ ǚǧƢŰ ǺǷ ƢƆȇǀȈǨǼƫ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ǹƘǌƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǩơǁȁȌǳ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǩȂǇ ǂȇƾǷ
ƨƦǠǋ ƾǠƫ Ŗǳơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ǞǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǳƢƥ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢȇǂƸƬǳơ ƧƾƷȁ ǲǸǠƫȁ
ÒÐ ǹƢƫƽƢŭơȁ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÎÓÔ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƥ Ȑ Ɔ Ǹǟ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ƤǠǋ ǺǷ ƨǴȈǏƗ
ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǕƢǻƗ ƾǫȁ .ǱƾǠŭơ ÎÖÖÍ/ÏÐ Ƕǫǁ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǶȈǜǼƫ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÒÑȁ
ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ Ǻǟ ƩƢǣȐƦǳơ ȆǬǴƫ ƨȈǳȁƚǈǷ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳƢƥ ÏÍÍÏ/ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǱơȂǷȋơ
ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ǵƢȈǫ Ŀ ǲưǸƬƫȁ ǍȂǐŬơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơȁ ƧƾƷȂǳơ śƥ ƨǷŐŭơ ǶǿƢǨƬǳơ Ƨǂǯǀŭ
ƧŚƻȋơ ǵȂǬƬǳ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢȇǂƸƬǳơ ƧƾƷȁ ńƛ ƢȀƬǳƢƷƜƥ ƩƢǣȐƦǳơ ȆǬǴƫ ǁȂǧ ƨǷƢǠǳơ
řǨǳơ ȅƗǂǳƢƥ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ƧƽƢǧƛȁ ƧǂǧơȂƬŭơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơȁ ƩƢǻƢȈƦǳơ ǲȈǴŢȁ ǞŦȁ ƔƢǐǬƬǇȏƢƥ
ƧǁƽƢǐǷȁ ƤǬǠƫ Śƥơƾƫ ƿƢţơ ǹƢǰǷƛ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ǂǜǼƫȁ .ƩƢǻƢȈƦǳơ ǲȈǴŢ ǺǷ ǎǴƼƬǈŭơ
ƔƢǼƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǷ ƨǴǐƸƬŭơ ȁƗ ƨǴǸǠƬǈŭơ ǱȂǏȋơȁ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ
Ǖǂǌƥ ȁƗ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǺǷ ƤǴǗ ȄǴǟ
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀđ ǎǳƢƻ ȆƟơǄƳ Ǟȇǂǌƫ ǁȁƾǏ śƷ ńƛ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨǬȇƾǐǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞǷ ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠŭơ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ÎÖÖÖ/ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƧƾƟƢǠǳơ ǱȂǏȋơȁ ƩƢƥƢǈūơ ƾȈǸƴƬƥ ǵȂǬȇ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǮǼƥ ǹƘƥ (S/AC.37/2003/1455/31
ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů Ʃơǁơǂǫ ƤƳȂŠ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƾȈǸƴƬǳơ ƨǸƟƢǫ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƩƢȀŪơȁ ƔƢũȌǳ
ƾȈǸƴƬƥ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ńƛ ƽǂȇ ƶȇǂǏ ƤǴǗ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ Ǯǳƿȁ
Ŀ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ǆǴů ǆȈƟǂǳ ƨǠƥƢƫ ƩơƾƷȁ ƨȈǴƄơ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ƨǧƢǯ ƩƘǌǻƗ ƾǫȁ .ǱȂǏȋơȁ ƩƢƥƢǈūơ ǮǴƫ
ǮǼƥ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƫȁ ƨȇǁơǃȂǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǪȈƦǘƬƥ ǵơǄƬǳȏơ ȃƾǷ ǺǷ ǪǬƸƬǳƢƥ ǵȂǬƫ Ȇǰǳ ƢȀǼǷ ǲǯ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ƪȇȂǰǳơ
96
ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ò ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǐǻ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ƩȏƢūơ Ǻǟ ƩƢǣȐƦǳơ ȄǬǴƫ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ńȂƬƫ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ
ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ǢǴƦȇȁ ƩƢȀƦǌǳơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǴǳ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǀƼƬȇȁ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ
ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩƢǯǂǋȁ ǁƢǸưƬǇȏơ ƩƢǯǂǋ ȄǴǟ Ǯǳǀǯ ƽȂȈǬǳơ ǽǀǿ ȅǂǈƫȁ .ƢȀǴȈǏƢǨƬƥ ƨǷƢǠǳơ
.śǷƘƬǳơ ƩƢǯǂǋȁ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩƢǈǇƚǷȁ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Ð

"ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȁ ƨǼŪ" ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƩƘǌǻƗ
ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ŚȇƢǠǷ ǪȈƦǘƫ Ŀ ƧƔƢǨǰǳơ Ǟǧǁ ƢȀǧƾǿ ƩƢȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ ƨǼŪ ƢȀǨǏȂƥ
ŉƾǬƫȁ ƢȀǴưŻ Ŗǳơ ƨȀŪơ ȅƗǁ ǥƢǨǌƬǇơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǔǟƗ ǺǷ Ȃǔǟ ǲǯ ńȂƬȇȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǍȂǐŬơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ Ǻǟ ǁƾǐȇ ƾǫ ƢǷ ǀȈǨǼƫȁ ǪȈƦǘƫ ƨȈǳƖƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ
ȁƗ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƫ ȁƗ śǻơȂǫ ȅƗ ƿƢǨǻƛ ƲǷơǂƥȁ ƩƢȈǳƕȁ ǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǂǗƗ ǞǓȂƥ ƨȀƳ ǲǯ ǞǴǘǔƫ ƮȈŞ
ƩơŐŬơ ǱƽƢƦƫȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǁƢǗƛ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǫȐǟ Ʃơƿ Ʃơǁơǂǫ
ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ) .ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǔǟƗ śƥ
.(S/2006/903 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ ÏÍÍÓ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ ǺȇǂǌƫÎÔ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ
ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ȁƗ ƽȐƦǳơ œǼƳƗ ȅƗ ǲƻƾȇ ȏƗ ȄǴǟ ÎÖÒÖ/ÎÔ Ƕǫǁ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƨǷƢǫȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǎǼȇ
ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǎǼȇȁ .ǱȂǠǨŭơ ȅǁƢǇ ǂǨǇ ǃơȂƳȁ ƨūƢǏ ƧŚǋƘƫ ǹȁƽ ƢȀȈǧ ǶȈǬȇ ȁƗ ƢȀǼǷ Ʊǂź
ǪǴǠƬƫ ƣƢƦǇȋ ȁƗ ǽƽƢǠƥƜƥ ȆǔǬȇ ȆƟƢǔǫ ǶǰƷ ǁȁƾǏ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ƽȐƦǳơ Ǻǟ œǼƳȋơ ƽƢǠƥƛ ǃơȂƳ
ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƣơƽȉơ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ǺǷȋơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƸǴǐŭƢƥ
ǆƦūƢƥ ǶǰƷ ǲǯ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟÎÖÓÍ/ÎÓ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÔÖ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
."ǾƬƥȂǬǟ ǀȈǨǼƫ ǺǷ ƔƢȀƬǻȏơ ƾǠƥ ƪȇȂǰǳơ Ǻǟ ǽƽƢǠƥƜƥ ǂǷƘȇ ǹƗ ȆǓƢǬǴǳ ǄȈŸ œǼƳƗ ȄǴǟ
ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǖƥơȂǔǳơ ÎÖÓÏ/ÎÎ Ƕǫǁ ǂǨǈǳơ ƩơǃơȂƳ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ƕǜǻ ƾǫȁ
ƽȐƦǴǳ ƤǻƢƳƗ ǵƗ ơȂǻƢǯ śǼǗơȂǷ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǱȂƻƽȁ śȈƬȇȂǰǴǳ ƨȈũǂǳơ ǂǨǈǳơ ƩơǃơȂƳ
ǽǀŮ ǦȈȇǄƫ ȁƗ ǂȇȁǄƫ ǱƢǸǟƗ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ǺǷ ǪƷ Ŀ ǀƼƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơȁ ƢȀǼǷ ǶȀƳȁǂƻȁ
.ƨǷƢŮơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ
ÎÖÖÖ/ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ǾǳȐƻ ǺǷ ǶƬȇ ȅǀǳơ ǁƾǐŭơ Ȇǿ ŐƬǠƫ ƧƾǸƬǠŭơ ƨǸƟƢǬǳơ ǹƘƥ (S/AC.37/2003/1455/31 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
ƮȈƷ ƢȀǸȈǸǠƫȁ ƢȀȈǧ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ƔƢũȋơ Ʊơǁƽƛ ǱƢů Ŀ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ śƥ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ
ǹȂǰȇȁ Ǿƥ śǘƦƫǂǷ ȁƗ ǶȈǜǼƬǳơ ǺǷ ƽơǂǧƗ ǱȂƻƽ ǞǼŭ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ƿƢţƢƥ ƩƢȀŪơ ǽǀǿ ǵȂǬƫ
97
ǹƢƦǳƢǗ ƨǯǂƷȁ ƧƾǟƢǬǳơ ǶȈǜǼƫȁ ǹƽȏ Ǻƥ ƨǷƢǇƗ ƨǟƢǸŝ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơ ƔƢũȋơ ǞȈŦ ƱơǁƽƜƥ Ǯǳƿ
.ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ǞȈŦ ȄǴǟ ƢȀǸȈǸǠƫȁ ǱȂƻƾǳơ ǺǷ śǟȂǼǸŭơ ƨǸƟƢǫ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǐƼǌǳơ ƢēƢǻƢȈƥȁ
ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơ ƩƢƦǴǗ ǹƗ (S/2006/903 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƶǓȂȇȁ
ǾǻƘǌƥ ǂǧơȂƬƫ Ǻŭ ǱȂƻƽ ƧŚǋƘƫ ƶǼǸĄƫ ȏȁ řǷȋơ ǪȈǫƾƬǴǳ Ǟǔţ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǱȂƻƾǳ ƩơŚǋƘƫ
.řǗȂǳơ ǺǷȌǳ ơƆƾȇƾē ǲǰǌȇ ǽǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ǾǟȂǴǓ ƾǯƚƫ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ
ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò

ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫ
ƩƢŤƢǯȁ ƨǋƢǋǂǳơ Ǟǧơƾŭơȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ȁƗ ǃơǂƷƛ ȁƗ ƧǃƢȈƷ ǃơȂƳ ǵƾǠƥ
ǹƗ ȅƗ ƧŚƻǀǳơ ȁƗ ȅǁƢǼǳơ ƵȐǈǳơ ƧǃƢȈƷ ƨŻǂƳ Ŀ ȅƽƢŭơ Ǻǯǂǳơ ǂǧơȂƬǳ ȆǨǰȇȁ ƩȂǐǳơ
.ƧǃƢȈūơ ǺǷ ǥƾŮơ ȁƗ ƮǟƢƦǳơ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ǽƾƷȂǳ ȆǨǰȇ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƧǃƢȈūơ ƽǂů
ǪǗƢǼŭơ Ŀ ƨǐƻǂǷ ƪǻƢǯ Ȃǳȁ ƧŚƻǀǳơ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ǾǼǷ ÎÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǂǜŢȁ
ƨȈǘǨǼǳơ ǪǗƢǼŭơȁ ƩƢǸȈƼŭơȁ ǅơǂǟȋơȁ ƩȐǨūơ ȁƗ ƩƢǠǸƴƬǳơ ȁƗ ǺǰǈǴǳ ƧƾǠŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈǼǰǈǳơ
.ǂȇǃȂǳơ ƢǿƽƾŹ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǬǘǼǷ ȅƗ ȁƗ
ǎȈƻǂƬǳơ ƶǼǷ Ǖȁǂǋ ÎÖÖÏ ǵƢǠǳ (ÎÑ) Ƕǫǁ ȅǁơǃȂǳơ ǁơǂǬǳơȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƽƾƷ ƾǫȁ
.ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨƸƟȐǳơ Ŀ ƵȐǈǳƢƥ
Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƨǷȋơ ǆǴů ǺǷ ǝƢŦƜƥ ǁƾǏ ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÎÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥȁ
ǁȂǜƄơ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǖƦǔƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǊȈƬǨƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ
ǁƾǏȁ .ŖȇȂǰǳơ ǞǸƬĐơ ƩǄǿ Ŗǳơ ƩơǁƢƴǨǻȏơ ƭƽơȂƷ ǂƯƛ ȄǴǟ Ǯǳƿȁ ƢǿǃơǂƷƛȁ ƢēǃƢȈƷ
/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÎÒ Ŀ ÎÖÖÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÖÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǲǸǠǳơ ƧǂƬǧ ƔƢȀƬǻơ ƾǠƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ
ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨȇǁƢǼǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ƧǃƢȈƷ ǁƢǌƬǻơ ƧǂǿƢǛ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ǿƥ ƾǐǫ ȅǀǳơȁ ÎÖÖÑ ŐǸƬƦǇ
ǦǴƻ ƿƛ ƪȇȂǰǴǳ ȆǫơǂǠǳơ ȁǄǤǳơ Ǻǟ ƨŦƢǼǳơ ǁƢƯȉơ ǺǷ ƧƾƷơȂǯ ǎȈƻǂƫ ŚǤƥ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơȁ
ȁƗ ǶǿǂǐƷ ƤǠǐȇ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǺǷ ŚƦǯ ƽƾǟ ȅƾȇƗ Ŀ ƪǠǫȁ ƢȀǼǷ ƨǴƟƢǿ ƩƢȈǸǯ ǽƔơǁȁ
.śǼǗơȂŭơȁ ǺǗȂǳơ ǺǷƗ ƾȇƾē Ǯǳƿ ǹƘǋ ǺǷȁ ǶȀƬȇȂǿ ƾȇƾŢ
ƵȐǈǳơ Ǻǟ ƢƆưŞ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǊȈƬǨƫ ǖƥǁ ƾǬǧ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƢǷƗ
ǾǼǷ Ñ ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǠƴǋ ƢǸǯ ǺǯƢǈŭơ ƩƢǷǂƷȁ ƽơǂǧȋơ ƩƢȇǂū ƨƊÅ ȇƢŧ ƩƢǻƢǸǔǳơ ǺǷ ƾȇƾǠǳƢƥ
ƣƢǬǠǳơ ǺǷ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ńƛ ǾǸȈǴǈƬƥ ǵȂǬȇ ǺǷ ƔƢǨǟƜƥ ƵȐǈǳơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ńƛ ƧǁƽƢƦŭơ ȄǴǟ
ƨȈǻȂǻƢǫ ǖƥơȂǓ Ïȁ Î ǹƢƫƽƢŭơ ƪǠǓȁȁ .ÏÍÍÒ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ ÏÍ Ŀ ȆȀƬǼƫ ƨǴȀǷ ǱȐƻ Ǯǳƿȁ
ǽǀđ ǲǸǠǳơ ƧƾǷ ƢƫƽƾƷȁ ǾƟơǂƳƛ ƨȈǨȈǯȁ ǊȈƬǨƬǳƢƥ ǹƿȍơ ǁơƾǏƛ ƨǘǴǇ ƢƫƽƾƸǧ ǊȈƬǨƬǳơ ƔơǂƳȍ
.ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋÏÍ Ŀ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹƢȇǂǇ ƺȇǁƢƫ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ śǷƢǟ Ŀ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ
98
Ñ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǊȈƬǨƬǳƢƥ ƨǗǂǌǳơ ǱƢƳǂǳ ǹƿȍơ ƶǼǷ Ŀ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ƤƷƢǏ ǹƗ Ȑ Ɔ ưǷ ǚƷȐȇȁ
ÎÖÖÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÖÑ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ŀ ǪƥƢǈǳơ ǎǼǳơ ǹƗȁ ǾǓȂǨȇ ǺǷ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǳơ Ȃǿ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ
ƽƾƷȁ .ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ǆȈƟǁ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ȆǷƢƄơ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǴǳ ǹƿȍơ ǁơƾǏƛ Ŀ Ǫūơ ȆǘǠȇ ǹƢǯ
ǎƼǌǳơ ńƛ ƨŻǂŪơ ƨƦǈǻ ǹƘǌƥ ƩƢȇǂƸƬǳơ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƘƥ ǹƿȍơ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐƸǴǳ ƨȈǳƕ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ǁƾǐȇȁ ǾǓȂǨȇ ǺǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ńƛ ƧƽƢŪơ ƩƢȇǂƸƬǳơ Ǟǧǂƫȁ ƨȇƾƳ ǾǌȈƬǨƬƥ ǹȁƿƘŭơ
.ǾǓȂǨȇ ǺŲ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǳơ ǺǷ ǹƿȍơ
ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÕÒ ƨǼǈǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ

:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƢȀǼǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǺǷ ƾȇƾǠǳơ ŉǂš ǺǸǔƫ
ňƢƦŭơ Ƥȇǂţ ƾǐǬƥ ȁƗ ǂǟǀǳơ ƨǟƢǋƛ ƾǐǬƥ ȁƗ ǎƼǋ ǲƬǫ ƾǐǬƥ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ
ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƢȀȈǧ ǶǿƢǈƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǯǂǌǳơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ȁƗ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ȁƗ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ȁƗ
ƧƽƢƦǠǳơ ǁȁƽ ȁƗ ǞǻƢǐŭơ ȁƗ ňƢƦŭơ ȁƗ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ǞǨǼǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ
ƢȀȈǧ ǞǸƴƬȇ Ŗǳơ ȁƗ ǁȂȀǸŪơ ƽƢȈƫǁȏ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǟƢǸƬƳȐǳ ƧƾǠŭơ ǺǯƢǷȋơ ȁƗ
ƨƥȂǬǟȁ (Î ƧƽƢǷ) Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ǝȁǂǌǳơ ȁƗ ǹȂǰǈǷ ǹƢǰǷ ȅƗ ȁƗ ƨǧƽƢǐŭƢƥ ǁȂȀǸŪơ
Ǯǳƿ Ǻǟ ƲƬǻ ơƿƛ ǖǬǧ ǵơƾǟȍơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ ƾƥƚŭơ ǆƦūơ ȁƗ ǵơƾǟȍơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǽǀǿ
.ǎƼǋ ƩȂǷ
ÎÒ ńƛ ƩơȂǼǇ Ð ǺǷ ǆƦūƢƥ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǵơƾƼƬǇơ Ŀ ǝȁǂǌǳơ
.ƾƥƚŭơ ǆƦūơ ŕƷ ǁƢƴǨǻȏơ ƨƴȈƬǻ ƤǈŞ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǚǴǤƫȁ ƨǼǇ
Ŀ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ ƾǐǬƥ ƢȀȈǧ ǁƢšȏơ ȁƗ ƢȀǴǬǻ ȁƗ ƢȀƦǴƳ ȁƗ ƢȀǠǼǏ ȁƗ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǃơǂƷƛ
.ƨǼǇ ÎÒ ńƛ ÎÍ ǺǷ ǆƦūơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ (Ï ƧƽƢŭơ) ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁơ
Ƕđ ƨǻƢǠƬǇȏơ ƾǐǬƥ ƢŮƢǸǠƬǇơ ȁƗ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǞǼǏ ȄǴǟ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǒȇǂŢ ȁƗ Ƥȇǁƾƫ
.Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ǝȁǂǌǳơ ȁƗ ǝȁǂǌǷ Śǣ Ǒǂǣ ǪȈǬŢ Ŀ
Ŀ ƨǼȈƦŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁȏ ǝȁǂǌǷ ƽȂƳȂƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǡȐƥƛ ǵƾǟ
ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ǾƳȁ ǺǷ ǁơǂǨǳơ ȄǴǟ ňƢŪơ ƨǻƢǟƛ ȁƗ ƢȀǟȂǫȂƥ ȁƗ ÎÖÕÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ƩƾǟƗ Ŗǳơ ȁƗ ƨǴǸǠƬǈŭơ ƔƢȈǋȋơ ƔƢǨƻƛ ȁƗ ƢȀǧȐƫƛ ȁƗ ƨŻǂŪơ ƨǳƽƗ ƔƢǨƻƛ ȁƗ ǾƟƢǨƻƜƥ
.ƢȀǼǷ ƪǴǐŢ ȁƗ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ǱƢǸǠƬǇȐǳ
ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ó

ƨȇȂŪơ ƨƷȐŭơȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ƨǷȐǈƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǁƾǏƗ
Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǸǫ ńƛ ƨȈǇƢǇƗ ƨǨǐƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǥƾȀȇȁ .ƨȇȂŪơ ƨƷȐŭơȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ
99
ǀȈǨǼƫ ńƛ ǥƾȀȇ ƢǸǯ .ǵƢǟ ǲǰǌƥ ȅȂŪơ ǲǬǼǳơ ƨǷȐǇȁ ǍƢƻ ǲǰǌƥ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ǥƾȀƬǈƫ
ƨǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǈƥ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǪȈƦǘƫȁ
.ÎÖÔÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÓÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƪȇȂǰǳơ
ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ô

ȅŚŬơ ǲǸǠǳơ ǶȈǜǼƬǳ ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ
ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǲƐǰǋ ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ǺǷ ǂǌǟ ȅƽƢūơ ƭơƾƷƗ ƣƢǬǟƗ Ŀ
ƨǠƳơǂǷ ńȂƬƬǳ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ǂȇǃȁȁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǆȈƟǁ ƤƟƢǻ ƨǇƢƟǂƥ ƨȇǁơǃȁ ƨǼŪ ŖȇȂǰǳơ
ǲǸǠǳơ ǶȈǜǼƬǳ ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ" ƪƠÊǌǻƌƗ ƢǸǯ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ƢǿǂǫƗ Ŗǳơ ƩƢƷǂƬǬŭơȁ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ
ȅŚŬơ ǲǸǠǳơ ǶȈǜǼƬǳ ƨƬƥƢƯ ƨȈǠƳǂǷ ǹȂǰƬǳ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ƨǇƢƟǂƥ "ȅŚŬơ
Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ƢǸǯ .ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞǸŪ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ƶƟơȂǴǳơȁ ƩƢǇƢȈǈǳơ ǞǓȁ Ƣđ ǕƢǼȇ
Ŀ ƨǴǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ǵƢǠǳơ ǞǨǼǳơ ƩƢȈǠŦ ƩȐȇȂŢ ǶȈǜǼƫ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÕÓÕ
ǲȇȂǸƬǳơ ƪȈƥȁ ƨȈǴƄơ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ƨǧƢǯ ȄǴǟ ǂǜŹ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ǾǼǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǐǻȁ ȅŚŬơ ǲǸǠǳơ ǱƢů
ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ƣƢǈū ƨȈƳǁƢƻ ƩȐȇȂŢ ȅƗ ƔơǂƳƛ ȁƗ ƢȀȇƾǳ ƩƢƥƢǈƷ ƶƬǨƥ ǵȂǬƫ ǹƗ ŖȇȂǰǳơ
ƪǐǻȁ ."ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ ƩȐȇȂƸƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƛȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǞǸŝ ƢŮ ƢƆǐƻǂǷ Ǻǰȇ Ń ƢǷ ƨȇŚŬơ ǹƢƴǴǳơȁ
.ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩƢǯǂǋ ȆǴǟ ǂǜūơ ǆǨǻ ȄǴǟ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ï ƧǂǬǨǳơ
(ÎÖÖÖ)ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ)
.(S/AC.37/2003/1455/31 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
ƨȇǂȀǋ ǂȇǁƢǬƬƥ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ƾȇȁǄƬƥ Ƣǿǁȁƾƥ ǵȂǬƫ ƨȈǴƄơ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǹƗ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ǦȈǔȇȁ
ƢǿǀȈǨǼƫ ǶƬȇ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩȐȇȂƸƬǳơ ƨǧƢǯ Ǻǟ ȆƳǁƢŬơ ƩƢƥƢǈūơ ƤǫơǂǷ ǺǷ ƧƾǸƬǠǷȁ ƨǬǫƾǷ
.ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƾƥ ȅŚŬơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǇǁƢǸŭ Ƣđ Ƶǂǐŭơ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ŁƢǐǳ
ǞǨǼǳơ ƩƢȈǠǸŝ ƨǏƢŬơ ƩƢǻȐǟȍơ ƨƦǫơǂǷ ǵȐǟȍơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ńȂƬƫ ǂƻƕ ƾȈǠǏ ȄǴǟȁ
.ƢȀǓơǂǣƗ Śǣ Ŀ ƢŮȐǤƬǇơ ǶƬȇ ȏ ŕƷ ǁȂȀǸŪơ ǺǷ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞǸŝ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ǹƢƴǴǳơ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ
ƢŮ ǎƻǂŭơ ƔƢǼưƬǇƢƥ ƧǁȂǜŰ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞǸŪ ƨǐǐƼŭơ ǭƢǌǯȋơȁ ǪȇƽƢǼǐǳơ ŐƬǠƫȁ
ǲǸǠǳơ ǕƢǌǻ ȄǴǟ ňơƾȈŭơ ǊȈƬǨƬǳơ ǱƢǸǟƘƥ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǺǷ ƨǼŪ ǵȂǬƫȁ
(ÏÑ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǞǸŝ ǎȈƻǂƬǳơ ǶȈǜǼƫ ǹȂǻƢǬǳ ƩƢǨǳƢű ȅƗ ǖƦǔƥ ǵȂǬƫȁ ȅŚŬơ
.ǵƢǠǳơ ǞǨǼǳơ ƩƢȈǠŦȁ ƨȇƾǻȋƢƥ ǍƢŬơ ÎÖÓÏ ǵƢǠǳ
ƤƳȂŠ "ƩơĈŐŭơȁ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ Ƨǁơƽƛ" ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƪƯƾƸƬǇơȁ
ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƧǂǋƢƦŭ Ǯǳƿȁ ÏÍÍÏ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ Ò ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÎÍÑ Ƕǫǁ ȅǁơǃȂǳơ ǁơǂǬǳơ
ƨǧƢǯ ȄǴǟ ǥơǂǋȍơȁ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ȅŚŬơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘǌǻƗ ƨǧƢǰǳ ƨǠƥƢƬŭơȁ ǊȈƬǨƬǳơȁ
.Ȑ
Ɔ ƦǬƬǈǷ ǂȀǌĄƫ ƾǫ Ŗǳơ ȁƗ ƢŮ ǎƻǂŭơ ƩơĈŐŭơȁ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ
100
ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǲƻơƽ ȅŚŬơ ǲǸǠǳơ ǕƢǌǻ ȄǴǟ ňơƾȈŭơ ǊȈƬǨƬǴǳ ƨǼŪ ƪǴǰǋȁ
ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÏÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÏÔÏÑ Ƕǫǁ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǲȈǯȁ ǁơǂǫ ƤƳȂŠ
.ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨȇƾǴƥȁ ƧǁƢƴƬǳơȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ļǁơǃȁ Ǻǟ śǴưŲ ǺǷ ǦǳƘƬƫ Ȇǿȁ ÏÍÍÐ
ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞǸŪ ƩƢǻȐǟƛ ȅƗ ǂǌǻ ǞǼŭ ǵȐǟȍơȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ļǁơǃȁ śƥ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ Ļ ƢǸǯ
ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ńƛ ǝȂƳǂǳơ ƾǠƥ ȏƐ ƛ ƨǟȂǸǈŭơ ȁƗ ƧƔȁǂǬŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈƟǂŭơ ǵȐǟȍơ ǲƟƢǇȁ Ŀ
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǝƢƦƫơȁ ƨǬƦǈŭơ ƢȀƬǬǧơȂǷ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐƸǴǳ
ÎÖÖÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÍÎ Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƩǁƾǏƗȁ
ǱȂǐūƢƥ ǁȂȀǸŪơ ǺǷ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞŦ Ŀ śƦǣơǂǳơ ǵǄǴĄƫ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞŦ ǶȈǜǼƫ ƨƸƟȏ ǺǸǔƬȇȁ
ǞǷ ƢȈǋƢǸƬǷ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ǞŦ ǺǷ ǑǂǤǳơ ǹȂǰȇ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ǺǷ Ǯǳǀƥ ƶȇǂǐƫ ȄǴǟ
Ŗǳơ ǑơǂǣȌǳ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǽǀǿ ǩƢǨǻƛ ǶƬȇ ǹƗȁ ƨƠȈŮơ ƢȀǴƳƗ ǺǷ ƪƠǌǻƗ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǴǏȋơ ǥơƾǿȋơ
.ƢŮ ƩƽƾƷ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ǹȂǻƢǯ Ñ ńƛ ÏÍÍÏ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÎÑ ǺǷ ƧǂƬǨǳơ ǱȐƻ ƪǬǴƫ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ǹƘƥ (S/2006/903
ƢȀȈǧ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƩǂǋƢƥȁ ǱơȂǷƗ ǲǈǣ ƨȀƦǋ ƽȂƳȁ Ǻǟ ƢƆǣȐƥ ÏÏ ÏÍÍÑ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ
ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǸǰƄơ ńƛ ƢȀǼǷ ƩƢǣȐƥ Ö ƨǳƢƷƛȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ƔƢǨƬǻȏ ƢȀǼǷ ƢǣȐƥ ÎÐ ǚǨƷ ńƛ ƪȀƬǻơȁ
ƢȀǼǷ ƢȇƢǔǫ Ô Ŀ ƨǸǰƄơ ƪǔǫȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ (ÐÒ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ
.Ǻȇǂƻȉơ śǣȐƦǳơ Ŀ ơȂǸȀĄƫơ ǺǷ ƧƔơŐƥȁ śǸȀƬŭơ ƨǻơƽƜƥ
ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Õ

ŖȇȂǰǳơ ǺǗơȂŭơ ƢȀƦǰƫǂȇ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǷơǂƳȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ȄǴǟ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ȆƟƢǼŪơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǪƦǘȇ
ÎÎ ƽơȂŭơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƾǟơȂǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƢȀƳǁƢƻ ȁƗ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǲƻơƽ œǼƳȋơ ȁƗ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǪƦǘȇ ǾȈǴǟ ƔƢǼƥȁ .ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÐ ȁ ÎÏȁ
ŖȇȂǰǳơ ȆƟƢǼŪơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǪƦǘȇ ƿƛ ƨȈƬȇȂǰǳơ ȆǓơǁȋơ ǲƻơƽ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ Î
ƨȈǸȈǴǫƛ ƧƾǟƢǬƥ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǹǟ Ǯǳƿȁ ƆƢȈƦǼƳƗ ȁƗ ƢƆȈƬȇȂǯ ǲǟƢǨǳơ ǹƢǯ ƔơȂǇ ƢƆǠȈŦ ƢȀȈǴǟ
.ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ (ÎÎ) ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ȆƟƢǼŪơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ȃǂǈȇȁ .ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ŖȇȂǯ ǺǗơȂǷ ƢȀƦǰƫǂȇ Ŗǳơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ Ï
ƽȐƦǳơ ńƛ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ǺǗơȂŭơ ƽƢǟ ơƿƛ ƨȈƟƢǼưƬǇơ ƨǨǐƥ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǽǀǿ ȄǴǟ ŖȇȂǰǳơ
ƾǫ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗ ǹȁƽ ȁƗ ǾȈǳƛ ƾǼǇƗ ƢŲ ǾƫƗǂƥ ƾǫ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ǶǯƢƄơ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗ ǹȁƽ
ǲǠǨǳơ ǹȂǰȇ ǹƗ Ǖǂǌƥ ǾƫƽȂǟ ǲƦǫ ƢǿƢǧȂƬǇơ ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ƢƆȈƟƢĔ ǾȈǴǟ ƪǸǰƷ
ƢȀȈǧ Ƥǰƫǁơ Ŗǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬƦǗ ǾȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ
.ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ (ÎÐȁ ÎÏ) śƫƽƢŭƢƥ Ȑ Ɔ Ǹǟ Ǯǳƿȁ ǲǠǨǳơ ơǀǿ
101
œǼƳƗ ƢȀƦǰƫǁơ ơƿƛ ȆƟƢǼŪơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪƦǘȇ ȏ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ Ð
.ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ǶȈǬǷ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ȃǂǈƫ" :ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ȄǴǟ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
.ǾȈǧ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƨŻǂƳ ƢȀǠƥơȂƫȁ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ Ŀ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ǎƼǋ ǲǯ ȄǴǟ
Ŀ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ȁƗ ƢƆȈǴǏƗ Ȑ
Ɔ ǟƢǧ ǾǴǠŝ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǡǧ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ǎƼǋ ǲǯ ȄǴǟ ȅǂǈƫȁ
."ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ Ŀ ƢȀǔǠƥ ȁƗ ƢȀǴǯ ƪǠǫȁ ƨŻǂƳ
ǎƼǋ ǲǯ ȄǴǟ ƢƆǔȇƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ȅǂǈƫ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƢȀǐǻ ÎÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǦȈǔƫȁ
ƢƆǬƦǗȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬƦǗ ǾȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǡǧ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƱǁƢƻ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ƨȈǈǼŪơ ŖȇȂǯ
ƪȇȂǰǳơ ńƛ ƽƢǟ ơƿƛ Ǯǳƿȁ ǲǠǨǳơ ơǀǿ ǾȈǧ Ƥǰƫǁơ ȅǀǳơ ǹƢǰŭơ Ŀ ȅǁƢǈǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋ
."ǾȈǳƛ ƾǼǇơ ƢŲ ǾƫƗǂƥ ƾǫ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ǶǯƢƄơ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗ ǹȁƽ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ö

‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬
ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ .(ÎÖÓÐ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÎÑ ȂȈǯȂǗ)
Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÔ ǀǼǷ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȅǂǈȇȁ ÎÖÔÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÓÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ
.ÎÖÔÖ ŐǸǧȂǻ /ňƢưǳơ
ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÓ ȅƢǿȏ) ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
ÎÖ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ .(ÎÖÔÍ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ
.ÎÖÔÖ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ ÏÒ ǀǼǷ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȅǂǈȇȁ .ÎÖÔÖ ǵƢǠǳ
ǵƢǠǳ ÓÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ .(ÎÖÔÎ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ)
ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÐ ǀǼǷ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȅǂǈȇȁ .ÎÖÔÖ
.ÎÖÔÖ
ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ñ
ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơȁ (ÎÖÔÐ) ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨƦǫƢǠŭơȁ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ .ÎÖÔÖ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ
ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȅǂǈȇȁ .ÎÖÔÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÔÏ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ
.ÎÖÔÖ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Î ǀǼǷ ƢȀȈǳƛ
ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ò
ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ .ÎÖÔÖ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÔ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ
102
ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȅǂǈȇȁ ÎÖÔÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ÎÖÔÖ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ó ǺǷ
ǹơŚǘǳơ ǵƾţ Ŗǳơ ƩơǁƢǘŭơ Ŀ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Ó
Ļ .ÎÖÕÕ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÑ ǵȂȇ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ǞǫȂŭơȁ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ
ȅǂǈȇȁ ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǠǳ ÔÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǾȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ
.ÎÖÕÖ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Õ ǀǼǷ ǾȈǳƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ
ƨǸǜǼǷ ǆǴů ƢǿǂǫƗ Ŗǳơȁ ƢȀǨǌǯ ǑǂǤƥ ƨȈǰȈƬǇȐƦǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǄȈȈŤ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ô
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ .ÎÖÖÎ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Î ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ
ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȅǂǈȇȁ .ÎÖÖÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÑÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ
.ÎÖÖÓ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ ÎÕ ǀǼǷ ƢȀȈǳƛ
ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Õ
.ÎÖÕÎ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ ÎÍ Ŀ ƢǷȁǁ Ŀ ǵŐŭơȁ ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽȂƳȂŭơ
ȅǂǈȇȁ .ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǾȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ
.ÏÍÍÐ ǃȂŤ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÐÍ ǀǼǷ ǾȈǳƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ
ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ö
ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ .ÎÖÕÕ ǅǁƢǷ/ ǁơƿƕ ÎÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢǷȁǁ Ŀ ƨǷŐŭơȁ
ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȅǂǈȇȁ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÓ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ÏÍÍÐ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÐÍ ǺǷ
ǭǁȂȇȂȈǻ Ŀ ƩƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ ǲƥƢǼǬǳƢƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÍ
ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ .ÎÖÖÔ ǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯÎÒ Ŀ
ǲȇǂƥƗ/ ǹƢǈȈǻ ÎÖ ǀǼǷ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȅǂǈȇȁ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÔ Ƕǫǁ
.ÏÍÍÑ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ .ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ÎÎ
ǲȇǂƥƗ/ ǹƢǈȈǻ ÏÐ ǀǼǷ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȅǂǈȇȁ ÏÍÍÑ/ÎÏ Ƕǫǁ
.ÏÍÍÑ
.ȅȁȂǼǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ȄǴǟ Ǯǳǀǯ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƪǠƐǫȁ ƢǸǯ
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

ƨǇơǁƾǳơ ƾȈǫ ǱơǄƫ ȏ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƾȇƾǠǳơ ȄǴǟ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǠƐǫȁ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǸǯ Ȇǿȁ
103
.ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ •

.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ •
.ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •
‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺝ‬

Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƢĔƘǌƥ ǁƾǏ ǂĐơ ƨȇǁȂȀŦ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƪǷǂƥƗ
ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǞǷ ƨŻǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ǶǿƢǨƫ ƧǂǯǀǷȁ ÎÖÖÕ/ÏÖÏ
ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǠǫȁ ƢǸǯ .ƢȇǁƢǤǴƥ ƨȇǁȂȀŦȁ ƨȈǻơǂȇȍơ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ
.ƢȇǁȂǇȁ ƢȈǯǂƫȁ ƢȇǁƢǤǴƥȁ ƣǂǤŭơȁ ǂǐǷȁ ǆǻȂƫ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǞǷ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ
ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ

ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ňƢưǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Śǌȇ
ƨƥƢưŠ ƢȀǴǠŸ ǹƗ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ ǹƘǋ ǺǷ ǾǻƗ ńƛ (S/2002/886 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
ǹȁƽ ǱȂŹȁ .ǪȈƦǘƬǳơ Ŀ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȐǳ ƨȇȂǳȁȋơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǞǷ ǵơǂƬƷȏơ ƤƳơȁ řǗȁ ǹȂǻƢǫ
ƨƠǋƢǼǳơ ǾƫƢǷơǄƬǳơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ǺǷ ǲǐǼƬǳƢƥ ǂƻȉơ ǥǂǘǳơ ǵƢȈǫ Ǻǟ ƘǌǼȇ ƢǷ ƢǿǀȈǨǼƫ Ŀ ǁơǂǸƬǇȏơ
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠŭơ ƗƾƦǷ ǪȈƦǘƫ ǀƟƾǼǟ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǁǂǬƫ ƮȈƷ ƢȀǼǟ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƶǓȂȇȁ
ƢǿƾǠƫ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ƨǧƢǯ ǹƘƥ (S/2004/945 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
Ǫȇƾǐƫ ƾǠƥ ƨȈǴƻơƽ śǻơȂǫ ƨƥƢưŠ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ ƤƳȂŠ ǹȂǰƫ Ľ ǺǷȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǶƟơǂƳ
.ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁƢǗƛ Ŀ ǪȈƦǘƬǳơȁ ǵơǂƬƷȏơ ƨƦƳơȁ ǹȂǰƫȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ
ƽơȂǷ ƨť ǹƘƥ (S/2006/903 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǆǷƢŬơ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƶǓȂȇȁ
ƨȈƫơƿ Śǣ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǒǠƥ Ŀ
ǾƬȈǳƕȁ ƢǿǀȈǨǼƫ ƨȈǨȈǯ śƦȇ ƢĔƘǌƥ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁȁƾǏ ƾǠƥ ȏƐ ƛ ƽơȂŭơ ǮǴƫ ǪȈƦǘƫ ǺǰŻ ȏ ŅƢƬǳƢƥȁ ǀȈǨǼƬǳơ
ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ Ʃǀţơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǹƜǧ ǾȈǴǟ ƔƢǼƥȁ .ǎǼƥ ȏƛ ƨƥȂǬǟ ȏȁ ƨŻǂƳ ȏ ǹƗ ǁǂǬŭơ ǺǷ ǾǻƗ ƮȈƷ
.ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏơ ǽǀǿ ǲǸǌȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁơƾǐƬǇȏ ƨǷǃȐǳơ
ǮǴƫ Ǻǟ ƢǿŚǈǨƫ ǦǴƬƻơ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ Ŀ ǍȂǐǻ ƽȂƳȁ ǱƢƷ Ŀ ǾǻƜǧ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȁƗ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ Ŀ ǍȂǐǻ ǺǷ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ǞǷ ǪǨƬȇ ȅǀǳơ ŚǈǨƬǳơ ǹƜǧ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ
.Ǿƥ ƾȈǬƬǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ȄǴǟ ƤƳơȂǳơ ŚǈǨƬǳơ Ȃǿ ƶƦǐȇ

ǭƢǼǿ Ǻǰǳȁ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ ƨǳƽƢƦƬŭơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭƢƥ ǍƢƻ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƪȇȂǰǳơ Ŀ ƾƳȂȇ ȏ
ƨǳȁƽ śƥ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫȁ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǶǇƢǬƬǳ ƨȈǴŰ ƩơƔơǂƳƛȁ ƩƢƦȈƫǂƫ
104
ǱƽƢƦƫȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƨȈǳȁƽ ȁƗ ƨȈǸȈǴǫƛ ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢǼƯ ƩƢǫƢǨƫơ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ƨǬȇƾǐǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǧƢǯȁ ƪȇȂǰǳơ
ȃǂƳ ȅǀǳơ ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠŭƢƥ ƾȀǠƬǳơ Ǖǂǋ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ȁƗ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ
ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞǷ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬƫȁ .ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǥǂǠǳơ ǾȈǴǟ
Ǳȁƽȁ ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴůȁ (ǱȂƥǂƬǻȍơ) ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǗǂǌǳơ ƨǸǜǼǸǯ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
.ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů
ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǃȂŸ ȏ ȃǂƻƗ Ǳȁƽȁ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ śƥ ƨǷŐŭơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ȐƆ Ǹǟȁ
ǺǷȁ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀǼǷ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǂȇƾǬƬǳ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƾǠȇ ƢǷ Ǟǔźȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ŐƬǠƫ ȏ" ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ƢȀǼǷ ƣȂǴǘŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƢǿƽƾŢ ƢǸǯ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ" ǹƗ ǁǂǬŭơ
ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƨƷơǂǏ Ǯǳƿ ȄǴǟ ǎ Ć Ąǻ ƾǫȁ ."ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǺǷ ƨǠǻƢŭơ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ
ƢȈǯǂƫȁ (ÐÔ ǵÎÖÕÖ) ƢȇǁƢǤǴƥȁ (ÐÖ ǵÎÖÔÔ) ǆǻȂƫȁ (ÐÖ ǵÎÖÔÔ) ǂǐǷ ǞǷ ƨǷŐŭơ
.(ÐÐ ǵÎÖÕÕ)
105
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ

ÎÖÓÏ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ ǺȇǂǌƫÎÎ Ŀ ǁƽƢǏ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ǶƟơƾǳơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗ
.ǾƫȐȇƾǠƫȁ ÎÖÓÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÓ Ƕǫǁ ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ ǶƟơǂŝ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ •
.ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÕÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ •
.ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ƨȇȂŪơ ƨƷȐŭơȁ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ƨǷȐǈƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ Õ Ƕǫǁ œǼƳȋơ ǱƢŭơ ǅƗǁ ǁƢǸưƬǇơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ǾƫȐȇƾǠƫȁ ÎÖÖÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÐ Ƕǫǁ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǶȈǜǼƫ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ŖȇȂǰǳơ ƨǷƢǫȍơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÒÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÔ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ǂǨǈǳơ ƩơǃơȂƳ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÓÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǖƦǔƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǊȈƬǨƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơȁ
.ǵƢǠǳơ ǞǨǼǳơ ƩƢȈǠŦȁ ƨȇƾǻȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÓÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ǲȈǰǌƫ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÔ Ƕǫǁ ȅǁơǃȁ ǁơǂǫ •
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ
ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƢǿƿƢţơ ƤƳơȂǳơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ Ƕǫǁ ȅǁơǃȁ ǁơǂǫ •
.ǱơȂǷȋơ
ƣƢƦǌǳơ ƨȇƢǸū ƢȈǴǠǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÕÐÐ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ •
.ƤǐǠƬǳơȁ ǥơǂŴȏơ ǂǿƢǜǷ ǺǷ ǶȀƬȇƢǫȁȁ
ǵƢǠǳơ ǞǨǼǳơ ƩƢȈǠŦ ƩȐȇȂŢ ǶȈǜǼƫ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÕÓÕ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ •
.ȅŚŬơ ǲǸǠǳơ ǱƢů Ŀ ƨǴǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ
ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÎÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǁơǂǫ •
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǝȂǓȂŠ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ƨǠƦƬŭơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ
106
ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÏ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÒÏ Ƕǫǁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǁơǂǫ •
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƢǿƿƢţơ ƤƳơȂǳơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬǳơ
ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨƸƟȐǳơ ǞǓȂƥ ÎÖÖÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÑ Ƕǫǁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ǁơǂǫ •
.ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÎ ƨǼǈǳ
Ƨǁơƽƛ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÍÑ Ƕǫǁ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ǁơǂǫ •
.ƩơĈŐŭơȁ ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ
ǞŦ ǶȈǜǼƬƥ ÎÖÖÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÍÎ Ƕǫǁ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ǁơǂǫ •
.ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ
107
ǆǷƢŬơ ǝǂǨǳơ
ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ
ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǁƢǗȍƢƥ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ
ǵƢǜǻ ƔƢǇǁƛ ƢƆȈƻȂƬǷ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǁȂƬǇƽ ÏÍÍÏ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÎÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƾǏ
ƨǴǬƬǈǷ ƨȈǷȐǇƛ ƨȈƥǂǟ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƨǰǴŲ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǾǼǷ Î ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǐǻȁ .ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ƨȈǰǴŭơ
ȆǰǴǷ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǶǰƷ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟȁ "ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǷȋơ ǺǷ ƔǄƳ ƢȀƦǠǋ ƨǷƢƫ ƧƽƢȈǇ Ʃơƿ
ƢȀƬǤǳȁ ǞȇǂǌƬǴǳ ǁƾǐǷ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơȁ ǵȐǇȍơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ǻȇƽ" ǹƗȁ "ȆƯơǁȁ ȅǁȂƬǇƽ
."ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǤǴǳơ Ȇǿ ƨȈũǂǳơ
ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǲǐǧ ǅƢǇƗ ȄǴǟ Ƕǰūơ ǵƢǜǻ ǵȂǬȇ" ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÐÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ńƛ ơƽƢǼƬǇơȁ
ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ"ȁ"ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƢĔȁƢǠƫ ǞǷ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơȁ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǞǷ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǮǴŭơ ńȂƬȇȁ ǁȂƬǇƾǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ řǗȂǳơ ǆǴĐơȁ ǮǴŭơ ƢǿȏȂƬȇ
."ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǾǴǯ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǁƾǐƫ ǾũƢƥȁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơȁ
ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ǾǼǷ ÒÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ Ð ǲǐǨǳơ ǱȁƢǼƬȇȁ
ȃǁȂǌǳơ ǆǴů ǦǳƘƬȇȁ ."ƣơȂǼǳơ ǆǴůȁ ȃǁȂǌǳơ ǆǴů :śǈǴů ǺǷ řǗȂǳơ ǆǴĐơ ǦǳƘƬȇ"
ơƆȂǔǟ śǠƥǁƗ ǺǷ ƣơȂǼǳơ ǆǴů ǦǳƘƬȇȁ (ÒÏ ƧƽƢŭơ) ȆǰǴǷ ǂǷƘƥ ǹȂǼȈǠȇ ơƆÈȂǔǟ śǠƥǁƗ ǺǷ
ƧƽƢŭơ) ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƢȀǼȈƦȇ Ŗǳơ ǵƢǰƷȌǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǂǋƢƦŭơ ǵƢǠǳơ ȅǂǈǳơ ǝơǂƬǫȏơ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ǹȂƦƼƬǼȇ
řǗȂǳơ ǆǴĐơ ȁƗ ƣơȂǼǳơȁ ȃǁȂǌǳơ ȆǈǴů ǺǷ ǲǯ ǽǂǫƗ ơƿƛ ȏƐ ƛ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁƾǐȇ ȏȁ .(ÒÐ
.(ÔÍ ƧƽƢŭơ) ǮǴŭơ ǾȈǴǟ ǩĈƾǏȁ ǱơȂƷȋơ ƤǈŞ
ǶŮƾǟȁ ƧƢǔǬǳơ ƨǿơǄǻȁ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǥǂǋ (Ɨ)" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÎÍÑ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
Ŀ ȆǓƢǬǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨȀƳ ƨȇȋ ǹƢǘǴǇ ȏ (ƣ)ȁ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ ǩȂǬƸǴǳ ǹƢǸǓȁ Ƕǰūơ ǅƢǇƗ
śƦȇȁ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǱȐǬƬǇơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǲǨǰȇȁ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ŚǇ Ŀ ǲƻƾƬǳơ ǱƢŞ ǃȂŸ ȏȁ ǾƟƢǔǫ
."Ƕđ ƨǏƢŬơ ǵƢǰƷȋơȁ ƧƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢǻƢǸǓ
ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ (ƣ) ƢēǂǬǧ Ŀ ÎÍÒ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ƨȇǂǰǈǠǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ǍƢǐƬƻơ ǹƘǋ Ŀȁ
ǝƢǧƾǳơ ƩơȂǫ ƽơǂǧƗ ǺǷ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȇǂǰǈǠǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƨȇǂǰǈǠǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ǍƢǐƬƻơ ǂǐƬǬȇ"
Ŀ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨȈǧǂǠǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǹȐǟƛ ƾǼǟ ȏƐ ƛ ǶǿŚǣ ńƛ ƾƬŻ ȏȁ ǵƢǠǳơ ǺǷȋơȁ řǗȂǳơ ǅǂūơȁ
."ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƢǿǁǂǬȇ Ŗǳơ ƽȁƾūơ
ƘǌǼĄȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÎÍÒ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (ƽ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ƧǄȀƳƗ ŚǇ Ǻǈū ơƆƾȈǯƘƫȁ
ƨǻȁƢǠŭơ ƧǄȀƳȋơ Ŀȁ ǶǯƢƄơ Ŀ ǲǸǠǳơ ŚǇ ǺǈƷ ȄǴǟ ǥǂǌȇȁ ƔƢǔǬǴǳ ȄǴǟƗ ǆǴů ǹȂǻƢǬƥ
."ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơȁ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǱƢƳǂǳ ƨȈǨȈǛȂǳơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ŀ ǾƫƢȈƷȐǏ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ śƦȇȁ ƢŮ
109
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ

ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ Ǳȁȋơ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇ
řȇǂƸƦǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǹƘƥ (S/2001/1210 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ
ȏƐ ƛ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋƢƥ ƢƆŹǂǏ ƢƆǐǻ ǺǸǔƬȇ Ń ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ
ƢȀǼǷȁ ǵƢǠǳơ ǂǘŬơ Ʃơƿ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ǍƢŬơ ǅƽƢǈǳơ ƣƢƦǳơ Ŀ ǍȂǐǼǳơ ǺǷ ƾȇƾǠǳơ ǺǸǔƬȇ ǾǻƗ
ƢƆǠȈŦ Ȇǿȁ ƩȐǏơȂŭơ ȄǴǟ ƔơƾƬǟȏơȁ ƭǁơȂǰǳơ ǶƟơǂƳ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơȁ Ǫȇǂūơ ǶƟơǂƳ
ǂǘƼǴǳ ǶŮơȂǷƗȁ ǅƢǼǳơ ƧƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫ ƢĔƘǋ ǺǷ ǹȋ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƽơƾǟ Ŀ ƱǁƾǼƫ
.ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫȁ
ÏÔÖȁ ÏÔÕȁ ÏÔÔȁ ÎÒÑȁ ÎÒÐȁ ÎÒÏȁ ÎÒÍȁ ÎÑÖȁ ÎÑÕȁ ÎÐÔȁ ÎÏÖ ƽơȂŭơ ǂǜǻơ)
ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÏÖÎȁ ÏÖÍȁ ÏÕÖȁ ÏÕÔȁ ÏÕÓȁ ÏÕÒȁ ÏÕÑȁ ÏÕÐȁ ÏÕÏȁ ÏÕÎȁ ÏÕÍȁ
.(ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ
ǍƢŬơ ǶǈǬǳơ ǺǷ Ǳȁȋơ ƣƢƦǳơ Ŀ ƨǷĈǂĐơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǺǷ Śưǯ ǲƻƾȇ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
Ŀ "ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƘƥ ƨǇƢŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ" Ǯǳǀǯȁ "ȆƳǁƢŬơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƘƥ ƨǇƢŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ" ºƥ
ǺǷ ƪǫƚŭơ ȁƗ ƾƥƚŭơ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǎǼȇ ƮȈƷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƽơƾǟ
ȄǴǟ Ƣđ śǠƬǈƫ Ʃȏƕ ȁƗ ƩƢǸȀǷ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇƗ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƤǴƳ ȁƗ ƵȐǈǴǳ ƨǴǷƢƷ ƨƥƢǐǟ ȄǘǟƗ
ƩơǂƥƢű Ŀ ǲƻƽ ȁƗ ȏƆ ơȂǷƗ ƢŮ ǞŦ ȁƗ ǹƚŭƢƥ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƮǠƥ ȁƗ Ǯǳǀƥ ǶǴǠȇ Ȃǿȁ ƢȀǓǂǣ ǪȈǬŢ
ǶŮ ǵƾǫ ǺǷ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ƢǿǂȇƾǷ ȁƗ ƩƢƥƢǐǠǳơ ǮǴƫ ƔƢǇƙǁ ǞǷ ƪǻƢǯ ƨȈǨȈǯ ƨȇƘƥ ƨȈǷơǂƳƛ
."ǶȀƬǨǏȁ ǶȀƬȇƢǣ ǶǴǠȇ Ȃǿȁ ƢȀȈǧ ǹȂǠǸƬŸ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǹȁȁƘȇ ƩȐŰ ȁƗ ǺǯƢǈǷ
Ȇǿ ƢȀȈǧ ƨǼȈƦŭơ ǶƟơǂƴǴǳ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹƗ ǽȐǟƗ ƧǁȂǯǀŭơ ǍȂǐǼǳơ ǺǷ ƶǔƬȇȁ
.ǵơƾǟȍơ ńƛ ƢȀǔǠƥ Ŀ ǲǐƫȁ ƾƥƚŭơ Ǻƴǈǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ ǹƗ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƶǓȂȇȁ
ƽǁơȂǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ƪĈǼƦƫ ƾǫ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǹƗ řǠȇ ÎÖÕÕ (ÎÒ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ
ƨǨǏ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ǻǟ ȆǨǼƫ ƢȀǼǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛȁ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ńȁȋơ ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ
(S/2003/268 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ȆǴȈǸǰƬǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƶǓȁƗȁ .ȆǇƢȈǇ Ǟǧơƾƥ ƪǻƢǯ Ȃǳȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
ƢȇƗ ǾǳƢǰǋƗȁ ǽǁȂǏ ƨǧƢǰƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨǻơƽƛ ǹƘǌƥ ƪƥƢưǳơ ȆƟƾƦŭơ ƢȀǨǫȂǷ ƢŮ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǹƗ
.ǾƥƢƦǇƗ ƪǻƢǯ
Ŀ ƹǁƚŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǂȇǂǬƬǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǲǸů ǵǂƴĄƫ (S/2003/1043 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ÏÍÍÐ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÔ
ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǹƗ ƢǸǯ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠĄȇȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ
ǪǴǠƬƫ (ÐÕ ńƛ Ð ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ) ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƮǳƢưǳơȁ ňƢưǳơ śƥƢƦǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ
110
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‐ ﳑﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫȁ ǹơƾȈŭơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ĺǂǠǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǞǼǷ ŚƥơƾƬƥ
ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀǟƢƦƫơ ƤƳơȂǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơȁ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǷ ǲǯȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨƥƢǻȍơȁ
ƾǠƥ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ǂǋƢƦŭơ ǪȈƦǘƬǴǳ ƨǴƥƢǫ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǽǀǿ ǲǯȁ ǹƘǌǳơ
ÎÖÕÕ ƨǼǈǳ (ÎÒ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢǿǁơƾǏƛȁ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ ǹƗ
.ƩơƔơǂƳȍơȁ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ǽǀǿ ŀƢǠȇ ȆǴƻơƽ Ǟȇǂǌƫ ǁơƾǏƛ ńƛ ƨƳƢƷ ǹȁƽ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨȇƢŧ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀƴǴǳ ƢȀƬƦǯơȂǷ ƾȈǯƘƫ ȄǴǟ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǍǂŢ
ǝǂǌŭơ ǍǂƷ Ǻǟ Ȑǔǧ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ƢȀǷƢǸǔǻơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ŀ ǲưŤ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ǍƢƻ Ǟȇǂǌƫ ǺǇ ȄǴǟ řȇǂƸƦǳơ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨȇƢŧ ǹƘǌƥ
ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇƢƥ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ȁƗ ƧȂǬǴǳ ǵơƾƼƬǇơ" ǾǨǏȂƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǦȇǂǠƫ Î ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǼǸǔƫȁ
ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ ňƢŪơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƘƴǴȇ ƢƆǻȂǻƢǫ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠǷ ƨŻǂƳ ǲǰǌƫ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǴȈǇȁ ȅƗ ȁƗ
ƨǰǴǸŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳƢƥ ǱȐƻȍơ ǑǂǤƥ ȆǟƢŦ ȁƗ ȅƽǂǧ ȆǷơǂƳƛ ǝȁǂǌŭ
Ǯǳƿ ǹƘǋ ǺǷ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ Ņȁƾǳơ ǞǸƬĐơ ǺǷƗ ȁƗ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƧƾƷȂǳƢƥ ǁơǂǓȍơ ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ƢȀǼǷƗȁ
ǂǘƼǴǳ ǶȀǼǷƗ ȁƗ ǶēƢȇǂƷ ȁƗ ǶēƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫȁ ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫȁ ǶȀǼȈƥ Ƥǟǂǳơ Ʈƥȁ ǍƢƼǋȋơ Ɣơǀȇƛ
ȁƗ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ȁƗ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ȁƗ řǗȂǳơ ƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƸǐǳơ ȁƗ ƨƠȈƦǳƢƥ ǁǂǔǳơ ǩƢūƛ ȁƗ
ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ƨǴǫǂǟ ȁƗ ǞǼǷ ȁƗ ƢŮƢǸǟȋ ƢȀƟơƽƗ ƨǴǫǂǟȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ
".ƢŮƢǸǟƗ ƨǇǁƢŲ ǺǷ ǶǴǠǳơ ƾǿƢǠǷ ȁƗ ƧƽƢƦǠǳơ ǁȁƽ ȁƗ
ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩƢȇƢǼŪơ" ƢȀǨǏȂƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂŪơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ȄǴǟ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ï ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫȁ
".ƢƆȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ǺǷ ǑǂǤǳơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ǂƻƕ ǹȂǻƢǫ ȅƗ ȁƗ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ
ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǇ ƾǫ ǹƢǯ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǹƗ ńƛ ƧǁƢǋȍơ ǁƾšȁ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǂǜŞ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǒǠƥ ǲȇƾǠƫ ǹƘǌƥ
Ŀ ƽǁơȂǳơ ǦȇǂǠƬǳƢƥ ƆƢǈǻƘƬǈǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ȄǴǟ ǾǼǷ (Î) ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ǎǻȁ ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷȁ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǸǯ Ȃǿȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
ȁƗ ǾưǟơȂƥ ƪǻƢǯ ƢȇƗ Ǿƥ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ȁƗ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǠǧƗ ǺǷ ǲǠǧ ǲǯ" Ȃǿ ƣƢǿǁȍơ (Ɨ)
ǅƢǼǳơ śƥ Ƥǟǂǳơ ƔƢǬǳƛ ńƛ ǥƾȀȇȁ ȆǟƢŦ ȁƗ ȅƽǂǧ ȆǷơǂƳƛ ǝȁǂǌŭ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ ǞǬȇ ǾǓơǂǣƗ
ǶȀǫȂǬƷ ȁƗ ǶȀǼǷƗ ȁƗ ǶēƢȇǂƷ ȁƗ ǶȀǓơǂǟƗ ȁƗ ǶēƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǶȀƟơǀȇƜƥ ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫ ȁƗ
ȁƗ ƢŮȐƬƷơ ȁƗ ƨǏƢŬơȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǭȐǷȋơ ȁƗ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ƾƷƘƥ ȁƗ ƨƠȈƦǳƢƥ ǁǂǔǳơ ǩƢūƛ ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ
ǁơǂǬƬǇȏơ ƾȇƾē ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƽǁơȂŭơ ƾƷƗ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ
ǱȐƻȍơ ǹȁƽ ǾǴǯ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨǴǬƬǈŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƧƽƢȈǇ ȁƗ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ƧƾƷȂǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƨǷȐǈǳơ ȁƗ
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Ŀ ȁƗ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ŀ ƽǁơȂǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǦȇǂǠƬƥ
".ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ śǻơȂǬǳơ
ƾǓ ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ ƣȂǠǌǳơ ƵƢǨǯ ƩȏƢƷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ƾǠƫ ȏ" (ƣ)
Śǐŭơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ȁƗ ǁǂƸƬǳơ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƧǂǘȈǈǳơȁ ǁƢǸǠƬǇȏơȁ śȈƦǼƳȋơ ǹơȁƾǠǳơȁ ǱȐƬƷȏơ
."Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƝƽƢƦŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ
ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǍȂǐǼǳơ ǪǧơȂƫ ƾȈǯƘƫ ȄǴǟ ǍǂƷ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǹƗ ǚƷȐȇȁ
ȄǴǟ ǍǂƷ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ .ƢȀǼȈƥ ƢǸȈǧ ǂǧƢǼƫ ȅƗ ƾǠƦƬǈȇ ƢŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ
ƶǴǈŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơ ƨȈǟȁǂǌǷ ǲǠƳ ƮȈƷ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơȁ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ǪǧơȂƫ ƾȈǯƘƫ
.Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ƢƆǼǿǁ ƣȂǠǌǴǳ
ǑǂǤǳ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơȁ ƨǷǂĐơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ƽƾǠƫȁ
Ŗǳơ ƽơȂŭơ ǱȁƢǼƬƫȁ .ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƨǼȈƦŭơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ƢȀȈƦǰƫǂǷ ȄǴǟ ǞǫȂƫ ƮȈŞ ĺƢǿǁƛ
.ƢŮ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǂǯƿ ǞǷ ĺƢǿǁȍơ ǕƢǌǼǳơ ǺǷ ơƆǁȂǏ ƢȀȈǴƫ
ǺǷ ÎÔ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ" ǂǘŬơ ǶƟơǂƳ" ǺǷ ƢȀǨǏȂƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂŪơ ƨǠȈƦǘǳ ƧƢǟơǂǷȁ
ȄǴǟ ǽŚǣ ǑǂƷ ǺǷ ǲǯ" ƾǓ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ Ǻǟ ƾȇǄƫ ȏ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūơ ƨƥȂǬǟ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
."ǂƯƗ ǾǴǠǧ ȄǴǟ ƤƫǂƬȇ Ń Ȃǳȁ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁơ
ȅǁƢƦƬǟȏơ ǎƼǌǳơ ȄǴǟ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨȈǳȁƚǈŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÏÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ŀƢǠƫȁ
Ǯǳƿ ǹƢǯȁ ǾƥƢǈū ȁƗ ǾũƢƥ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȃƾƷƛ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ǾȈǳƛ ƣȂǈǼŭơ
.ƢȀǰǳƢǷ ȁƗ ƨǈǇƚŭơ ƣƢƸǏƗ ȁƗ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ǆǴů ƔƢǔǟƗ ǶǴǟ ȁƗ ǩƢǨƫơ ƨƴȈƬǻ
ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ œǰƫǂŭ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ "ƨƥȂƬǳơ" ƗƾƦŠ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǀƻƘȇȁ
ǲǯ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ǶƟơǂƴǴǳ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǺǷ ȄǨǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÏÐ
ƨǸǰƸǸǴǳ ǃȂŸȁ .ƨŻǂŪơ ǀȈǨǼƫ Ŀ ƔƾƦǳơ ǲƦǫ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǡȐƥƛ ńƛ ƧƢǼŪơ ǺǷ ǁƽƢƥ ǺǷ
ơƿƛ Ǯǳƿ ƢŮ ǹȂǰȇȁ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ Ŀ ƔƾƦǳơ ǲƦǫȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǵƢŤ ƾǠƥ ǡȐƦǳơ ǲǐƷ ơƿƛ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǦȈǨţ
ƨŻǂƳ œǰƫǂǷ ȁƗ Ǻȇǂƻȉơ ƨŻǂŪơ œǰƫǂǷ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǳơ ǺǷ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ Ŀ ňƢŪơ ǺƐǰǷ
."ƧǁȂǘŬơ Ŀȁ ǝȂǼǳơ Ŀ ƨǴƯƢŲ ȃǂƻƗ
ȅǂǈƫ ȏ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÏÒ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƧǁȂǘŬ ƧƢǟơǂǷȁ
Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ Ƨƾŭơ ȆǔŠ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǕȂǬǇȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ȃȂǟƾǳơ ƔƢǔǬǻƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ
."ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ǂƻƕ ǹȂǻƢǫ ȅƗ ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ

ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ (Ñ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǁƾǏ
ƩƢȀƴǴǳ ƨǠǇơȁ ƩƢȈƷȐǏ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƶǼǷȁ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǟ ǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÏÖ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ
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ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǲǸǌƫȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ŀ ƨǼȈƦŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǺǷ ƩƢǣȐƦǳơ ȆǬǴƬǳ Ǿǳ ƧǀǨǼŭơ ƧƾƷȂǳơȁ ƨǐƬƼŭơ
ǶƟơǂŝ ƨǘƦƫǂǷ ƪǻƢǯ ƔơȂǇ Ƣđ ǾƦƬǌȇ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƨȇƗ ǹƘǌƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ
.ȃǂƻƗ ǶƟơǂƳ ƨȇƗ ȁƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǥĈǂǟȁ ȆǷơǂƳƛ ǕƢǌǻ ȅƗ ǺǷ ƨǴǐƸƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵĈ ǂƳ ƾǬǧ
ȅƗ Ŀ ȁƗ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ŀ ƔơȂǇ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ ƨŻǂƳ ǲǰǌȇ ǕƢǌǻ ȅƗ ǾǻƘƥ ȆǷơǂƳȍơ ǕƢǌǼǳơ
.ȃǂƻƗ ƨǳȁƽ
ƢȀƟȐǸǟ ǺǷ śǠǨƬǼŭơȁ ƢȀƟȐǸǟ ƨȇȂŮ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨǈǇƚŭơ ƩƢƦƯƛ ƩƢƦǴǘƬǷ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƽƾƷȁ
ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ Ƨƾŭ ǙƢǨƬƷȏƢƥ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǞȈŦ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵǄǴȇȁ .ƨȇȂŮơ ǮǴƫ ǺǷ ǪǬƸƬǳơȁ
.ƧƾȇƾƳ ƨȈǴǸǟ ǲǯ Ǻǟ ǲǷƢǠƬǷ ǲǰƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨȇȂŮơ ƩơƾǼƬǈǷ ǺǷ ƨƼǈǼƥ
ƩƢȀŪơ ǞȈŦ ȃƾǳ ǂǧȂƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ȆǈƬǰƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǁƢǗƛ Ŀȁ
ǁƾǐǷ ȄǴǟ ǥǂǠƬǳơ ǱƢů Ŀ ȃŐǯ ƨȈŷƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǪȈƦǘƫ ƤƳȂŠ ƨǐƬƼŭơ
Ŀ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ǥơǂǗȋơ ȄǴǟ ơǀǯȁ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǕƢǌǻ ȁƗ ƨȈǴǸǟ ȅƘƥ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơȁ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ
.ƢŮ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲȇȂŢ Ļ Ŗǳơ ƩƢȀŪơȁ ĺƢǿǁȍơ ǶȀǗƢǌǻ
Ŀ ǶȈǷƢǠƫ (ƨǈǇƚŭơ) "ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƾǬǻ ƨǈǇƚǷ" ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƩǁƾǏƗȁ
ǵƢǟ ǺǷ ơƆƔƾƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǼǷ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ǱƢů
ǾƳȂǷ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ǱȂƷ ǶȈǸǠƫ ǁƾǏȁ .ÎÖÕÖ
ÏÍÍÎ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÎÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƿƢǨǼǳơ ǄȈƷ ǲƻƽȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơȁ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚǸǴǳ
Ǻǟ ǢȈǴƦƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛȁ ƩȐƴǈǳơ ǚǨƷȁ ƩȐȇȂƸƬǳơ ƨƦǫơǂŭ ƨǨưǰǷ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǺǸǔƬȇ Ȃǿȁ
ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǵơǄǳȍ ǶȈǷƢǠƫ ƨǈǇƚŭơ ƩǁƾǏƗ ƢǸǯ .ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ńƛ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƩȐȇȂƸƬǳơ
.ÎÐÐÐȁ ÎÏÓÔ ȆǸǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ȅǁơǂǫ ǪȈƦǘƬƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơȁ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ
(ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ƽȂǼƥ ǀȈǨǼƫ ǱȂƷ ƢǸȈǸǠƫ ƨǈǇƚŭơ ƩǁƾǏƗȁ
ƾȈǸšȁ śȈƥƢǿǁȎǳ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǞŦ ȁƗ ŚǧȂƫ ŉǂšȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ ǲȇȂŤ Ǧǫȁȁ ǞǼǷ ǱƢů Ŀ
.śȈƥƢǿǁȎǳ ƨȈǳƢǷ ƩƢǷƾƻ ȁƗ ƨȈǳƢǷ ǱȂǏƗ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷƗ ȅƗ ǂǜƷȁ ǶēƢǸǜǼǷȁ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱơȂǷƗ
ǲǨǰƫ Ŗǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƿƢţơ Ŀ "ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƾǬǻ ƨǈǇƚǷ" ǞǷ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǹȁƢǠƬƫȁ
ǵơƾƼƬǇơ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƩƢǟƢǸŝ ȁƗ ƨǘǌǻƘƥ ƢȀǗƢƦƫǁơ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌĄȇ ǂǏƢǼǟ ȅƗ śǰŤ ǵƾǟ
ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǳơȁ .ƨǿȂƦǌǷ ǹȂǰƫ ƾǫ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ȅƗ Ŀ ȅǁȂǨǳơ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơȁ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ƢȀǗƢƦƫǁơ ǵƾǟ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȈǼȇǂƸƦǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ȆǴȈǸǰƬǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƢŮ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƾǬǻ ƨǈǇƚǷ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ǶȈǷƢǠƬǳơ ǹƘƥ (S/2003/268 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ
ȅȂǻƢưǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ ǺǷ Ȑ
Ɔ ǰǋ ƢǿǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ǶŮ ǲǇǂƫ Ǻȇǀǳơ ǍƢƼǋȌǳ ƨǷǄǴǷ Ȇǿȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƨǨǏ
.ƨǈǇƚŭơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÑ Ƕǫǁ ƧǂǬǨǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ
113
ƨǧǁƢȈǐǳơȁ ƧǂǇƢǸǈǳơȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǞȈŦ ńƛ Ʃơǂǌǻȁ ǶȈǷƢǠƫ "ƨǈǇƚŭơ" ƪǴǇǁƗ ƾǫȁ

:ŅƢƬǳƢǯ Ȇǿȁ
.ǹƢƦǳƢǗ ƨǟƢǸŝ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơȁ ƨǓȁǂǨŭơ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ǶȈǸǠƫ •
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ Ǻǟ ŅƢŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨƠȈǿ ƩƢȈǏȂƫ ǹƘǌƥ ǶȈǸǠƫ •
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǹƘǌƥ ǶȈǸǠƫ •
.ǹƽȏ Ǻƥ ƨǷƢǇƗ ȄǴǟ ƨǓȁǂǨŭơ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ǶȈǸǠƫ •
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǼǷ ǱȂƷ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǹƘǌƥ ǶȈǸǠƫ •
ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÖÕ ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫ Ǯǳƿ Ǻǟ Ȑǔǧȁ
ȄǴǟ ƨȈǜǨŢ Śƥơƾƫ ƿƢţơ ȆǔƬǬȇ ǂǷȋơ ǹƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ƩǁĈƾǫ ơƿƛ" ǾǻƘƥ ƨȇǁƢŪơ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳƢƥ
ȄǴǟ ǂǷȋơ ǑǂǠƫ ǹƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤƳȁ Ƣēǁơƽƛ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǧ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ǺǷ ǾǠǼǷ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ ǶȀƬŭơ ǱơȂǷƗ
ȁƗ ƨǷơǂǣ ǺǷ Ǿƥ ȄǔǬȇ ǹƗ Ȅǈǟ ƢǷ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƢƆǻƢǸǓ Ǯǳǀƥ Ƕǰūơ ƨƦǳƢǗ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ȃŐǰǳơ ƨǸǰƄơ
ǶȀƬŭơ ǞǼŠ ƢƆƬǫƚǷ ǂǷƘȇ ǹƗ ǱƢƴǠƬǇȏơ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ȁƗ Ƨǁȁǂǔǳơ ƾǼǟ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǴǳȁ .ǒȇȂǠƫ ȁƗ ƽǁ
ǞȈŦ Ŀ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǳơ ȄǴǟȁ Ƣēǁơƽƛ ȁƗ ǶŮơȂǷƗ Ŀ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ǺǷ ǂǐǬǳơ ǽƽȏȁƗ ȁƗ ǾƳȁǃ ȁƗ
ǺǷ ǂưǯȋơ ȄǴǟ ǵƢȇƗ ƨǠƦǇ ǱȐƻ ȃŐǰǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǸǰƄơ ȄǴǟ ǞǼŭơ ǂǷƗ ǑǂǠȇ ǹƗ ǱơȂƷȋơ
.Ǻǰȇ Ń ǹƘǯ ǂǷȋơ ŐƬǟơ ȏƐ ƛȁ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ȁƗ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ǺǷ ǞǼŭƢƥ Ƕǰūơ ƤǴǗ ǁȁƾǏ ƺȇǁƢƫ
ȏ ƧƾǷ Ŀ ƢȀǸǰƷ ǹƘǌǳơ ƣƢƸǏƗ ńƛ ǝƢǸƬǇȏơ ƾǠƥ ȃŐǰǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǸǰƄơ ǁƾǐƫȁ
ƣƢƦǇȋơ ȄǴǟ Ƕǰūơ ǲǸƬǌȇ ǹƗ ƤŸȁ .ƢȀȈǴǟ ǂǷȋơ Ǒǂǟ ƺȇǁƢƫ ǺǷ ƢƆǷȂȇ ǂǌǟ ƨǈŨ ǃȁƢš
ǀƻƗ ƾǠƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǚǨƸƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǂȇƾȇ ǺǷ śȈǠƫ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ǺǷ ǞǼŭơ ǲǸǌȇ ǹƗȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ řƥ Ŗǳơ
.(ÖÖ ƧƽƢŭơ) ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ȅƗǁ
ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÐÎȁ ÐÍ śƫƽƢŭơ Ŀ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǺǼǫȁ
:ŅƢƬǳơ ȂƸǼǳơ ȄǴǟ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ƩƢȈƷȐǏ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨȇƢŧ
ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȁƗ ƩƢǻƢȈƥ ƨȇƗ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơ ȁƗ ǝȐǗȏƢƥ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ ǂǷƘƫ ǹƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǴǳ" :ÐÍ ƧƽƢŭơ
ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣ ȁƗ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ȃƾǳ ǺƟơǄŬơ ȁƗ ƩƢǻƢǷȋơ ȁƗ ǞƟơƽȂǳơ ȁƗ ƩƢƥƢǈūƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƨŻǂƳ Ŀ ƨǬȈǬūơ Ǧǌǯ Ǯǳƿ ȄǔƬǫơ ơƿƛ Ƣđ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈǳƢŭơ
ǹƿƛ ȄǴǟ ƢƆǬƦǈĄǷ ǱȂǐūơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǮǴƫ ƿƢţȏ ǕǂƬǌȇȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ
".ȃŐǰǳơ ƨǸǰƄơ ȆǓƢǫ ǺǷ ǁƽƢǏ
ǺǷ ȅƗ Ŀ ǵƢēȏơ ƨȇƾƳ ȄǴǟ ǲƟȏƽ ƪǷƢǫ ơƿƛ Ƨǁȁǂǔǳơ ƾǼǟ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǴǳ" :ÐÎ ƧƽƢŭơ
ǹƗ ȁƗ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƔƢǼƯƗ ǂǨǈǳơ ǺǷ ǶȀƬŭơ ǞǼŠ ǂǷƘȇ ǹƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
.ƨȈǜǨƸƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿ Śǣ ȁƗ Ƣēǁơƽƛ ȁƗ ǾǳơȂǷƗ Ŀ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ǺǷ ǾǠǼŠ ƢƆƬǫƚǷ ǂǷƘȇ
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ǽƽȏȁƗȁ ǶȀƬŭơ Ʊȁǃ ǱơȂǷƗ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ȁƗ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ǺǷ ǞǼŭơ ǂǷƗ ǲǸǌȇ ǹƗ ǃȂŸȁ
.ǞǼŭơ ǂǷƗ ǀȈǨǼƫ ƨǴǫǂǟ ƾǐǬƥ ǶȀƬŭơ ǺǷ ǶȀȈǳƛ ƪǳƕ ƾǫ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǽǀǿ ǹƗ ƪƦƯ ơƿƛ ǂǐǬǳơ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǚǨƸƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǂȇƾȇ ǺǷ śȈǠƫ ȄǴǟ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ǺǷ ǞǼŭơ ǂǷƗ ǲǸƬǌȇ ǹƗ ƤŸȁ
ǱȐƻ ȃŐǰǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǸǰƄơ ȄǴǟ ǞǼŭơ ǂǷƗ ǑǂǠȇ ǹƗ ǱơȂƷȋơ ǞȈŦ Ŀ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǳơ ȄǴǟȁ
ȏƛȁ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ȁƗ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ǺǷ ǞǼŭƢƥ Ƕǰūơ ƤǴǗ ǁȁƾǏ ƺȇǁƢƫ ǺǷ ǂưǯȋơ ȄǴǟ ǵƢȇƗ ƨǠƦǇ
".Ǻǰȇ Ń ǹƘǯ ǂǷȋơ ŐƬǟơ
ǂǜƷ ƩƢǇƢȈǇ ǞǓȁ ƨǼŪ ǱȐƻ" ǺǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơȁ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǶƬȇ řǗȂǳơ ȃȂƬǈŭơ ȄǴǟȁ
Ƨǁơǃȁ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ Ƨǁơǃȁ) ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȈǷȂǰūơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǺǷ ƨǴǰǌŭơ" ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ
.(ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƾǬǻ ƨǈǇƚǷ řǗȂǳơ ƽƢǐƬǫȏơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǱƾǠǳơ
ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ ǞȈŦȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ȆǬǴƫ ƨƦǫơǂǷ ƢȀƬǸȀǷ ƨǠƥƢƬǸǴǳ ƧƾƷȁ "ƨǈǇƚŭơ" ƩƘǌǻƗ ƾǫȁ
ǎƬţ ƢǸǯ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ǁǂŤ ƾǫ Ŗǳơ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ȃǂƻȋơ
ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ȄǴǟ śǠƬȇȁ .ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƩơǁơǂǬǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǪȈƦǘƬƥ ƧƾƷȂǳơ ǮǴƫ
śǻơȂǫ ƢȀȇƾǳ ǆȈǳ Ǳȁƾǳ śǸƬǼŭơ ǺƟƢƥǄǳơ ǞǷ ƩȐǷƢǠƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƛ ƾǼǟ ƨǏƢƻ ƨȇƢǼǠƥ ǲǷƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǳƢǠǧ ƩƢǬȈƦǘƫȁ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
Ŀ ǎȈƻǂƫ Śǣ ǺǷ Ƣđ ƶăǸǈĄȇ ȏ ƢǿŚǣȁ ƨǳơȂūƢǯ ƨǴȇƾƦǳơ Ǟǧƾǳơ ƨǸǜǻƗ ǹƘƥ (S/2001/1210
ƨǈǇƚǷ" ǹȂǻƢǬǳ ƢƆǨǳƢű ǎȈƻǂƫ Śǣ ǺǷ ƨǸǜǻȋơ ǽǀǿ ǅǁƢŻ ǺǷ ƾǠȇ ƮȈƷ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ
ƨǳơȂūơ ƩƢǷƾƻ ŉƾǬƫ Ǒơǂǣȋ ǎƼǋ ȅȋ ǎȈƻǂƬǳƢƥ "ƨǈǇƚŭơ" ǶǬƫ Ńȁ ."ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƾǬǻ
ƨǸǜǻƗ ǑǂǠƥ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩȐŰ ƢǸȈǇ ȏȁ ƢŮ ǎƻǂŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǒǠƦǳ ƶǸǈƫ Ȇǿȁ ƆơǂǐƷ
ǞǓƢƻ ĿǂǐǷ ǵƢǜǻ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ǱơȂǷȌǳ ȆǴǠǨǳơ ƨǳơȂūơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ǶƬȇ ǹƗ ƨǘȇǂǋ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲȇȂƸƬǳ
.ƨƥƢǫǂǴǳ
ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǒǠƥ ǲȇƾǠƬƥ ǪǴǠƬºŭơ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢºǠǳ ÒÑ Ƕºǫǁ ǹȂǻƢºǬǳơ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ
ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ȄǴǟ ƨƟǁƢǘǳơ ƩȐȇƾǠƬǳơ ǺǷ ƾȇƾǠǳơ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ǝȁǂǌŭơ ǺĈǼǫ
ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ
ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ȄǴǟ ǎǼǳơ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷȁ .ǾȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȇƾǠƬƥ
ǲǠǧ" ǾǻƘƥ "ƽȁƾūơ Őǟ ǱơȂǷȌǳ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǲǬǼǳơ" ǦȇǂǠƫ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ǵƾǬƫ ȅǀǳơ ȂƸǼǳơ
ƧǂǋƢƦǷ Śǣ ȁƗ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ ƪǻƢǯ ƨǴȈǇȁ ƨȇƘƥ ȅǁƢƦƬǟơ ȁƗ ȆǠȈƦǗ ǎƼǋ ȅƗ ǾƦǰƫǂȇ ȆǷơǂƳƛ
ǲǬǼǳơ ǹƢǯ ȁƗ ƵƢǐǧȍơ ǵƢǜǼǳ ƨǨǳƢƼŭƢƥ ƢȀǼǟ ƶǐǨȇ Ń ơƿƛ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȁƾūơ Őǟ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǬǼƥ
".ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǑǂǤƥ
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ƤƳȂŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ƪǫĈƾǏ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǹƗ ƢŠȁ
ÒÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Òȁ Ñ ǹƢƫǂǬǨǳơ ƪǐǻ ƾǬǧ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ Õ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ƽȁƾūơ Őǟ ǱơȂǷȌǳ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǲǬǼǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ" ƧǁƢƦǟ ƨǧƢǓƛ ȄǴǟ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ
ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǷ ÑÍ ƧƽƢŭƢƥ ÒÑȁ ÑÑ śƫǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ" ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ" ƧǁƢƦǟ ƤǬǟ"
"ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ȁ" ƧǁƢƦǟȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ
ǂǜƷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ Ŀ Ʃƽǁȁ ƢǸǼȇƗ "ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ" ƧǁƢƦǟ ƤǬǟ
Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ ÒÏȁ ÑÏȁ ÐÏȁ ÎÏ ƩơǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ơƾǟ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ
Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǷ Ñ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ ÒÑȁ ÑÑ śƫǂǬǨǳơȁ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ ÏÐ ƧǂǬǨǳơȁ
.ǾȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ
ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð

ǱȂƻƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ȄǴǟ ƧǂǘȈǈǳơ ǵƢǰƷƛ ȄǴǟ ǵȂǬƫ ƨȈǼǷƗ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǪƦǘƫ
ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ƨȈǳƢǠǧ ƧƽƢȇǄǳ ƧǁȂǘƬŭơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǺǷ ơƆƾȇǄǷ ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ƪǴƻƽƗȁ ƢȀǼǷ ƱȁǂŬơȁ ƽȐƦǳơ ńƛ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ǺǷȋơ ƧǄȀƳƗ ƽȁǄƫȁ .ǀǧƢǼŭơ Őǟ ƩƢǼƷƢǌǳơȁ ƩơǁƢȈǈǳơȁ ǺȇǂǧƢǈŭơ ǊȈƬǨƫ
ǾƦƬǌŭơ ǮǴƫ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƢǿƢǬǴƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǻƢȈƦǳơȁ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭƢƥ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǂǏƢǼǟ ȁƗ ƩƢǸǜǼǷ ǞǷ ƨǿȂƦǌǷ ƩƢǫȐǟ Ŀ ƢȀǗǁȂƫ Ŀ
Ŀ ǲƻƾȇ ȏ ǾǻƗ ǺǷȁ ǾƬȈǐƼǋ ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǳơ ƾǠƥ ȏƐ ƛ œǼƳƗ ƨǷƢǫƜƥ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ƶǸǈƫ ȏȁ
.śȈƥƢǿǁȎǳ ǺǷȉơ ƿȐŭơ ǂǧȂƫ ȁƗ ƢȀƦǰƫǂƫ ȁƗ Ƣǿǂȇƾƫ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǱȂŤ Ŗǳơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ƽơƾǟ
řǗȂǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ ƢǿƽƾƷ ƢǸǯ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ƤǰƫǂǷ ǑǂǠƬȇ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÒÑȁ ÎÐÔ ǹƢƫƽƢŭơ ƩǂǜƷ ƾǫȁ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǍȂǐǼǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƨǳƔƢǈǸǴǳ
ǊȈǠǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ ȁƗ ȃȁƘŭơ ȁƗ Ǻǰǈǳơ Ŀ ǶŮ ǹȂǟ ȁƗ ƧƾǟƢǈǷ ȅƗ ŉƾǬƫ ȁƗ śǷǂĐơ ƔơȂȇƛ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ
ƢƆǬƦǗȁ .ƨŻǂŪơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƔƢǯǂǋ ƢĔȂǸǟƾȇ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǹȂǳȂŻ ǺǷ ƾǠȇ ƢǸǯ .Ǯǳƿ Śǣ ȁƗ
ǩĈƾǐŭơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (ƣ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǺǷ (Ò) ƾǼƦǳơ Ƕǰū
Ǟǧơƾƥ ƪǻƢǯ Ȃǳȁ ŕƷ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǲȈƦǫ ǺǷ ŐƬǠƫ ȏ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ǹƜǧ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƢȀȈǴǟ
.ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ǪƷ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ǶǿƢǇ ǺǷ ƶǼǷ ǃȂŸ ȏ ǾǻƜǧ Ľ ǺǷȁ ȆǇƢȈǇ
ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ÎÖÖÓ ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǱƾǠŭơ ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǠǳ (ÎÓ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǁƾǏ
ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÏÕÎ ńƛ ÏÔÔ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ ƢƆǔȇƗȁ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơȁ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǹƘǌƥ
ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǱƾǠŭơȁ ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ
ƪǓǂǧȁ ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ȁƗ ƧǃƢȈƷ ȄǴǟ ƨǷǁƢǏ ơƆƽȂȈǫ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǽǀǿ ƪǼǸǔƫȁ
.ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ǺǷ ȄǴǟ Ƨƾȇƾǋ ƩƢƥȂǬǟ
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ǞǸƬĐơ ƨȇƢŧ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ò ƾǼƦǳơ Ʊǁƾȇȁ
ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ȁƗ Ʋȇȁǂƫ ȁƗ ǲǬǻ ȁƗ ƧǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ ƽơŚƬǇơ ȁƗ ǞǼǏ" ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ
ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǧȐƻ ƧŚƻǀǳơ ȁƗ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ȁƗ ƨȇƾȈǴǬƬǳơ Śǣȁ ƨȇƾȈǴǬƬǳơ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ƢŮ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǸǓ" ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơȁ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ
."ĺƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ ơƆƾǸǟ ƪƦǰƫǁơ ơƿƛ" ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ
ȅǀǳơ Ǻƴǈǳơ ȁƗ ƾƥƚŭơ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƢȀǐǻ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Õ ƧƽƢŭơ ǦȈǔƫȁ
ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ǂưǯƗ ȁƗ ƢƆǐƼǋ ƣĈǁƽ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƩơȂǼǇ ǞƦǇ Ǻǟ ǲǬȇ ȏ
.ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȃƾƷƛ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ Ǿƥ ƨǻƢǠƬǇȏơ ƾǐǬƥ ƢǿŚǣȁ
ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǱƢǸǠƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ƣǁƾƫ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ ȄǴǟ ƾȇǄƫ ȏ ƧƾǷ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ
ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ȅƗ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƾǐǬƥ ƩƢƦȇǁƾƬǳơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣ ȁƗ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ
".ƨǬƥƢǈǳơ
ȁƗ ƔƢȈǋƗ ǦǴƫƗ ȁƗ ǆǴƬƻơ ȁƗ ȄǨƻƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ" ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÎÑ ƧƽƢŭơ ƤǫƢǠƫȁ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ȅƗ Ŀ ǱƢǸǠƬǇȐǳ ƩƾǟƗ ȁƗ ƪǴǸǠƬǇơ Ʃȏƕ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇƗ ȁƗ ȏơȂǷƗ
."Ǯǳǀƥ ǾǸǴǟ ǞǷ ƢȀǼǷ ƪǴǐŢ ȁƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ
ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò

ƨȈǧǂǐŭơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǩƢǘǻ ƱǁƢƻ ƨȇŚŬơ ǱơȂǷȋơȁ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ƨƦǫơǂǷ Ǟǔţ
ǎǼƫȁ .ÎÖÕÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ƨȇƾǻȋơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳ
ƨȀƳ ȁƗ œǼƳƗ ǎƼǋ ǺǷ ǱơȂǷƗ ȄǴǟ ǲǐŢ ǹƗ ƨȈǠŦ ƨȇȋ ǃȂŸ ȏ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ÏÍ ƧƽƢŭơ
ƨȀŪơ ǺǷ ǹƿƜƥ ȏƐ ƛ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƩƢǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋƗ ńƛ ǂǯƿ ƢŲ ƢƆƠȈǋ ǲǇǂƫ ȏȁ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ
ǖƥǁ ȄǴǟ ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ǽǀǿ ǲǸǠƫȁ .ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơȁ ǲǸǠǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ȅƗ "ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨȇǁơƽȍơ
ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǁȂǷȋơ ƨǧƢǯ ȄǴǟ ǝȐǗȏơȁ ǱƢǐƫȏơ ǲȈȀǈƬǳ ƨȈƫƢǷȂǴǠǷ ƨǰƦǌƥ ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ƨǧƢǯ
.ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǽǀŮ ƨȇǁơƽȍơ ǁȂǷȋƢƥȁ ƨȈǻơǄȈŭƢƥ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǞŦ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÒÑȁ ÎÐÔ ǹƢƫƽƢŭơ ƩǂǜƷ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ƢȀǼǷȁ ƨȈǷơǂƳȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋƢƥ ǹȂǷȂǬȇ Ǻŭ ǝȂǻ ȅƗ ǺǷ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫ ȁƗ
.ƾƥƚŭơ Ǻƴǈǳơ ȁƗ ǵơƾǟȍơ ńƛ ǲǐƫ ƾǫ Ǯǳǀƥ ǵȂǬȇ ǺǷ ȄǴǟ ƨƥȂǬǟ ƢƬǓǂǧȁ ǱƢūơ ƨǠȈƦǘƥ
ǞǬƫ ǹƗ ŅƢƬǳƢƥ ǵǄǴȇ ȏȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ŀ ǝȁǂǌǳơ ƽǂů ȄǴǟ ƣƢǬǠǳơȁ ŉǂƴƬǳơ ơǀǿ ȅǂǈȇȁ
ǲǨǰȇ ȅǀǳơ ǂǷȋơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÐÔȁ ÐÓ ǹƢƫƽƢŭơ Ǿƥ ȆǔǬƫ ƢǸƦǈƷ ƨǷƢƬǳơ ƨŻǂŪơ
ǂǯƿ ƢǸƦǈƷ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǺǷ (ƣ /Î) ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƽǁơȂǳơ ƤǴǘŭơ ǪȈǬŢ
.ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǲǇǂŭơ ƨȈǼȇǂƸƦǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ
ǱȁƢǼƬȇ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨȇƢŧ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ
ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǾǼǷ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ .ĺƢǿǁƛ ǞƥƢǘƥ ƨǸǈƬŭơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ƨǘǌǻƗ ŉǂƴƬǳƢƥ
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ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǥȐƻ ȄǴǟ ǁơƽƗȁ Ƕǜǻ ȁƗ ǆǇƗ ȁƗ ƘǌǻƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƾƥƚŭơ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ
ǹȂǰȇ ƢȀȈǧ ƧƽƢȈǫ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǟǃ ńȂƫ ȁƗ ƢǿơƾƷȍ ƢƆǟǂǧ ȁƗ ƨƥƢǐǟ ȁƗ ƨǟƢŦ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ƨƠȈǿ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǈǇƚǷ ȃƾƷƛ ǞǼǷ ȁƗ śǻơȂǬǳơ ȁƗ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǘǠƫ Ņƛ ƧȂǟƾǳơ ƢȀǼǷ ǑǂǤǳơ
ȁƗ ǺǗơȂǸǴǳ ƨȈǐƼǌǳơ ƨȇǂūơ ȄǴǟ ƔơƾƬǟȏơ ȁƗ ƢŮƢǸǟƗ ƨǇǁƢŲ ǺǷ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ȃƾƷƛ ȁƗ
ƧƾƷȂǳƢƥ ǁơǂǓȍơ ȁƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ƢȀǴǨǯ Ŗǳơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǩȂǬūơȁ ƩƢȇǂūơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣ
Ȃǟƾƫ Ŗǳơ Ǒơǂǣȋơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ȁƗ ǪȈǬŢ Ŀ ǵƾƼƬǈƫ Ŗǳơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ǺǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ
.ƢȀǟȁǂǧ ƾƷƗ ȁƗ ƨƥƢǐǠǳơ ȁƗ ƨǟƢǸŪơ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ȁƗ ƨƠȈŮơ ȁƗ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢȀȈǳƛ
ȁƗ ǂƟƢƻƿ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǇƘƥ ƢǿƾǷƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƩơȂǼǇ ǂǌǟ Ǻǟ ǲǬȇ ȏ ȅǀǳơ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ
ȁƗ ǂƬǈƬǴǳ ǱƢŰ ȁƗ ǺǯƢǈǷ ȁƗ ǺǯƢǷƗ ƢŮ ǂƥƽ ȁƗ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȁƗ Ʃȏƕ ȁƗ ƩƢǸȀĄǷ ȁƗ ƩƢǠǫǂǨǷ
ƾǫ ǹȂǰƫ ƨƸǴǇƗ ȁƗ ȏơȂǷƗ ȁƗ ƔƢȈǋƗ ƢŮ ǦǴƫƗ ȁƗ ȆǨƻƗ ȁƗ ǊȈǠƬǴǳ ǲƟƢǇȁ ȁƗ ƔơȂȇȍơ
ȁƗ ǾȈǳƛ Ȃǟƾƫ ƢŠ ǾǸǴǟ ǞǷ ƢȀǼǷ ƪǴǐŢ ȁƗ ƢȀƬǘǌǻƗ Ŀ ǱƢǸǠƬǇȐǳ ƩƾǟƗ ȁƗ ƪǴǸǠƬǇơ
.Ǯǳƿ ǀȈǨǼƫ ȁƗ ǪȈǬŢ Ŀ ƢȀǴƟƢǇȂƥ
ȃƾƷƛ ńƛ Ƕǔǻơ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ Ǻǟ ǾƫƾǷ ǲǬƫ ȏ ȅǀǳơ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ
ǭǁƢǋ ȁƗ ǝȁǂǨǳơ ƾƷƗ ȁƗ ƩƢƥƢǐǠǳơ ȁƗ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ȁƗ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ȁƗ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ȁƗ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǽǀǿ
".ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƢȀǓơǂǣƘƥ ǶǴǠȇ Ȃǿȁ ƧǁȂǏ ƨȇƘƥ ƢŮƢǸǟƗ Ŀ
ǽǂǯƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ Ǻǟ ǲǬȇ ȏ ȅǀǳơ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ" ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ô ƧƽƢŭơ ƤǫƢǠƫȁ
ǺǷ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơ ȁƗ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ȃƾƷƛ ńƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȄǴǟ ƢƆǐƼǋ
".ƢȀǼǟ ǱƢǐǨǻȏơ ǺǷ ǾǠǼǷ ȁƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ
ƨǏƢƻ ƨƠȈǿ ȁƗ ƨǈǇƚǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǼǷ ǁơƽƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ" ǺƴǈǳƢƥ Ö ƧƽƢŭơ ƤǫƢǠƫȁ
ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ȅƗ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ńƛ ƧȂǟƽ Ŀ ƢŮ Ǿƫǁơƽƛ ǲǤƬǇơȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ ƪƠǌǻƌƗ
".ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ
ƱǁƢƻ ƨǼƟƢǰǳơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ƨǘǌǻƗ ǲǸǌȈǳ ŉǂƴƬǳơ ǩƢǘǻ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǖǈƥȁ
ÎÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ƿƛ .ƢȀȈǳƛ ƨƥȂǈǼŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ œǰƫǂǷ ƨǬƷȐŠ ƶǸǈȇ ƢŠ řǗȂǳơ ǶȈǴǫȍơ
ƨǟƢŦ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ƨƠȈǿ ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ ȃƾǳ ȄǠǇ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ
ǺŲ ƾƷƗ ǞǷ ȁƗ ƢȀǠǷ ǂƥƢţ ȁƗ ƽȐƦǳơ ƱǁƢƻ ƢǿǂǬǷ ǹȂǰȇ ƆƢȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƢƆǗƢǌǻ ǅǁƢŤ ƨƥƢǐǟ ȁƗ
ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ƾǓ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƘƥ ǽŚǣ ƨǘǇơȂƥ ȁƗ ǾǈǨǼƥ ǵƢȈǬǴǳ ƢȀǼǷ ȅƗ ƨƸǴǐŭ ǹȂǴǸǠȇ
ȁƗ ƽȐƦǳơ ƩƢǰǴƬŲ ƾǓ ȁƗ ƽȐƦǳơ ǲƻơƽ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ƨǳȁƽ ŁƢǐǷ ƾǓ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǕƢǌǻ ȅƘƥ ǵƢȈǬǴǳ ȁƗ
ȁƗ śȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ƢȀȈǴưŲ ȁƗ ƢēƢưǠƥ ȁƗ ƢǿƽȂǧȁ ȁƗ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƢēƖǌǼǷ ȁƗ ƢēƢǈǇƚǷ ȁƗ ƢǿƽǁơȂǷ
.ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ǶǿƽȂƳȁ ƔƢǼƯƗ ƢȀȈǼǗơȂǷ
ƤǫƢǠȇȁ .ǂƥƢƼƬǳơ ȁƗ ȆǠǈǳơ ǝȂǓȂǷ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǠǫȁ ơƿƛ ƾƥƚŭơ Ǻƴǈǳơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ
ƾȇǄƫ ȏȁ ǁƢǼȇƽ ǥȏƕ ƨƯȐƯ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏ Ŗǳơ ƨǷơǂǤǳƢƥȁ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƧƾǷ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ
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ȁƗ ƨȇǄǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǘǟ ƨȇƗ ǽŚǤǳ ȁƗ ǾǈǨǼǳ ǲƦǫ ȁƗ ƤǴǗ ǺǷ ǲǯ Ǿƥ ƾǟȁ ȁƗ ǲƦǫ ȁƗ ƤǴǗ ƢǷ ȄǴǟ
ǵƢȈǬǴǳ ƢȀƬƸǴǐŭ ǹȂǴǸǠȇ ǺŲ ƾƷƗ ȁƗ ƩƢȀŪơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ƨǗƢǇȂǳƢƥ Ȃǳȁ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷ ƔȆǌƥ ơƆƾǟȁ
ƢƆǷƢǟ ƢƆǨǛȂǷ ňƢŪơ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǦǟƢǔƫȁ ńȁȋơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǺǷ ȅƘƥ
ȄǴǟ ƾȇǄƫ ȏȁ ǁƢǼȇƽ ǦǳƗ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏ Ŗǳơ ƨǷơǂǤǳƢƥȁ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ .ƨǷƢǟ ƨǷƾş ƢƆǨǴǰǷ ȁƗ
ǂǯƿ ƢŲ ƢƠȈǋ Ǒǂǟ ȁƗ ǲƦǫ ȁƗ ƾǟȁ ȁƗ ȄǘǟƗ ǺǷ ǲǯ Ǒǂǟ ȁƗ ǲƦǫ ȁƗ Ǿƥ ƾǟȁ ȁƗ ȄǘǟƗ ƢǷ
."ǾǓǂǟ ǾǼǷ ǲƦǬȇ ǹƗ ǹȁƽ ńȁȋơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ȃƾƷƛ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƾǐǬƥ
ǺǗơȂǷ ǲǯ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ ȄǴǟ ƾȇǄƫ ȏ ƧƾǷ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƘƥ ÎÐ ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫȁ
ƽȐƦǳơ ƱǁƢƻ ƢǿǂǬǷ ǹȂǰȇ ƨǟƢŦ ȁƗ ƨƥƢǐǟ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ƨƠȈǿ ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ ƨȇƘƥ ǪƸƬǳơ ȁƗ ǹȁƢǠƫ
ƨȀƳȂǷ Śǣ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƗ ƪǻƢǯ ơƿƛ ƢȀǓơǂǣƗ ǪȈǬƸƬǳ ƨǴȈǇȁ ǾȈǴǟ ƤȇǁƾƬǳơ ȁƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǺǷ ǀƼƬƫȁ
ƩƢƦȇǁƾƫ ȄǬǴƫ ơƿƛ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƧƾǷ Ǻƴǈǳơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ .ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ńƛ
."ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƢēƢȈǴǸǟ Ŀ ǭǁƢǋ ȁƗ ȃǂƻƗ ƩƢƦȇǁƾƫ ƨȇƗ ȁƗ ƨȈƫơǂƥƢű ȁƗ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ
ƨǴǐƬŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ ŉǂƴƬǳƢƥ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǱȁƢǼƫ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ǒǠƥ ǲȇƾǠƬƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ŀ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǵƢǰƷƗ
ȁƗ ƾƥƚŭơ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơƿ ǺǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ ÎÐ ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫȁ
ǃȁƢš ȏȁ ǁƢǼȇƽ ǦǳƗ ƨƟƢǷ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏ Ŗǳơ ƨǷơǂǤǳƢƥȁ ƩơȂǼǇ ǂǌǟ Ǻǟ ǲǬȇ ȏ ȅǀǳơ Ǻƴǈǳơ
ƨȈǠǸŪ ƢēơƾƟƢǟ ȁƗ ȏƆ ơȂǷƗ ȁƗ ƢƆǯȐǷƗ ǎǐƻ ȁƗ ȆǘǟƗ ȁƗ ǞŦ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǁƢǼȇƽ ǦǳƗ ƨƟƢǸǈŨ
ȁƗ ƽȐƦǳơ ǲƻơƽ ƢǿǂǬǷ ǹȂǰȇ ƆƢȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƢƆǗƢǌǻ ǅǁƢŤ ƨƥƢǐǟ ȁƗ ƨƠȈǿ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƨǟƢŦ ȁƗ
ȅƘƥ Ȑ
Ɔ ȇȂŤ ȁƗ ƢƆǸǟƽ ƢŮ ǵƾǫ ȁƗ ƨȈǴǸǟ ȅƘƥ ƢȀƬƸǴǐŭ ǵƢǫ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǳƛ śǸƬǼŭơ ƾƷȋ ȁƗ ƢȀƳǁƢƻ
ƧǂǋƢƦǷ ǶǴǈƫ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ Ʃơǀƥ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ .ĺƢǿǁƛ ǕƢǌǼǳ ƢȀƬǇǁƢǸŠ ǶǴǠȇ ǹƢǯȁ ƨǴȈǇȁ
ƩƢȀŪơ ǮǴƫ ǺǷ ȅƗ ǺǷ ƢȀǟȂǻ ǹƢǯ ƢȇƗ ȏƆ ơȂǷƗ ȁƗ ƢƆǯȐǷƗ ƪǻƢǯ ƨǬȇǂǗ ƨȇƘƥ ƨǘǇơȂǳƢƥ ȁƗ
".ƢȀƬƸǴǐŭ ƢŮȐǤƬǇơ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨǜǧƢƸǸǴǳ
śƬǬƥƢǈǳơ śƫǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȃƾƷƛ Ŀ ǝȁǂǌǳơ ȄǴǟ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ"
" ƨǷƢƬǳơ ƨŻǂƴǴǳ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ Ʃơǀƥ
ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ó

ƮȈƷ ǺǷ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǪȈƦǘƬƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ǵƢǠǳơ ǶǈǬǳơ ǺǷ ňƢưǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ ǺǷ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
ƨǳȁƽ ƱǁƢƻ Ƥǰƫǁơ "œǼƳƗ ȁƗ ǺǗơȂǷ" ǲǯ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ ȅǂǈƫ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹƢǰŭơ
ȁƗ ȆƳǁƢŬơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƘƥ ƨǇƢŭơ ƩƢȇƢǼŪơ ǺǷ ƨȇƢǼƳ Ŀ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ȁƗ Ȑ Ɔ ǟƢǧ ǾǴǠŸ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǹǟ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ
Ŗǳơ ȁƗ ǍƢŬơ ǶǈǬǳơ ǺǷ Ǳȁȋơ ƣƢƦǳơ ǺǷ ňƢưǳơȁ Ǳȁȋơ śǴǐǨǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ
ȁƗ (Ô ƧƽƢŭơ) ƢȀƦƦǈƥ ȁƗ ǶŮƢǸǟƗ ƨȇƽƘƫ ƔƢǼƯƗ ƨǷƢǟ ƨǷƾş śǨǴǰŭơ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ȆǨǛȂǷ ǺǷ ǞǬƫ
ƾƳȁ ơƿƛ řǗȂǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ȄǔƬǬŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠǷ ƨŻǂƳ Ŀ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ȁƗ Ȑ Ɔ ǟƢǧ ƢȀƦǰƫǂǷ ǹȂǰȇ Ŗǳơ
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ƾǴƦǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ȄǔƬǬŠ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ ƢȀƦǰƫǁơ Ŗǳơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ƪǻƢǯȁ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ Ŀ ǎƼǌǳơ ơǀǿ
(Õ ƧƽƢŭơ) .ǾȈǧ ƪǠǫȁ ȅǀǳơ
ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǷ ƨŻǂƳ ǲǰǌƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǵǂš ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǹƗ śƦƬȇ ƢǼǿ ǺǷȁ
ȁƗ ǺǗơȂǷ ǺǷ ƢȀƳǁƢƻ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǲƻơƽ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǠǫȁ ƔơȂǇ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ȁƗ ȆƳǁƢŬơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ
.ƨŻǂŪơ Ŀ ƢƆǰȇǂǋ ȁƗ ƢƆȈǴǏƗ Ȑ
Ɔ ǟƢǧ ǎƼǌǳơ ǹƢǯ ƔơȂǇ œǼƳƗ
ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ƾƬŻ ǹƘƥ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ Ö ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ǺȇƽȂƳȂŭơ ƤǻƢƳȋơ ǺǷ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǲǸǌȈǳ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ǶǯƢƄ ȆƟƢǼŪơ
.ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ǾǸȈǴǈƫ ƤƊǴǘĄȇ Ń ơƿƛ Ǯǳƿȁ ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ȄǴǟ
ȅǀǳơ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ǺǗơȂŭơ ǹƘƥ (S/2003/1043 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƶǓȂȇȁ
ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǺǷ (Ʊ) ƨȈǟǂǨǳơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƢȀȈǧ ƢŠ ƨŻǂƳ ȅƗ Ƥǰƫǂȇ
ǽǀǿ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ȅǀǳơ œǼƳȋơ ƢǷƗ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ Ǻǟ ǾƬǸǯƢƸŠ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ǶǯƢŰ ǎƬţ ǺǷȋơ
ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƤǴǘƫ Ń ơƿƛ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǬƦǗ ǶǯƢŹ ǹƗ ƢǷƜǧ ǶƟơǂŪơ
.Ǯǳƿ ƪƦǴǗ ǱƢƷ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǾǸȈǴǈƫ ǶƬȇ ǹƗ ƢǷƛȁ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǾǸȈǴǈƫ
ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÎÐȁ ÎÏ śƫƽƢŭơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ńƛ ƧǁƢǋȍơ ƪǬƦǇ ƾǫȁ
ƨȈǼȇǂƸƦǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ ǺǷ ǞǇȂƫ Ŗǳơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨȇƢŧ ǹƘǌƥ
.ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴǸŠ ƨǴǐǳơ ƨƬƦưŭơ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǒǠƥ ǲǸǌƬǳ
ȅǀǳơ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÑÎÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǻ ńƛ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Śǌȇȁ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧȂǫ ƢŮ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ǵƢǰƷƘƥ ǱȐƻȍơ ǵƾǟ ǞǷ" :ǾǻƘƥ ȆǔǬȇ
Ŗǳơ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ńƛ śǸȀƬŭơ ȁƗ ǶȀȈǴǟ ǵȂǰƄơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ǹȂǰȇ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ Ŀ
ǵƢǰƷȌǳ ƢƆǬƦǗ ƆƢȈƟƢǼƳ ǶȀƬǸǯƢƄ ȁƗ ǶȀȈǴǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ǶȀǷȐƬǇơ ƤǴǘƫ
."ǍƢƻ ǎǻ ǾǻƘǋ Ŀ ƽǂȇ Ń ƢǸȈǧ ǵƢǠǳơ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǬǳȁ ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ô

Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ŔǷ ȄǴǟ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǱƢǠǧȋơȁ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î
ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏƢƥ ǁƾǏ .ÎÖÓÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ȂȈǯȂǗ
.ÎÖÕÑ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ö Ŀ ƢȇǁƢǇ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ƶƦǏƗȁ ÎÖÕÐ
ȅƢǿȏ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ .ÎÖÔÍ ǵƢǟ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÓ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ
Ŀ ƢȇǁƢǇ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ƶƦǏƗȁ .ÎÖÕÐ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ
.ÎÖÕÑ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÍ
120
ƨǠƐǫȂŭơ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ð

ƤƳȂŠ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ ÎÖÔÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÐ Ŀ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ
/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÍ Ŀ ƢȇǁƢǇ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ƶƦǏƗȁ ÎÖÕÐǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ÎÖÕÑ ǂȇơŐǧ
.(ÎÖÕÕ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÏÑ ǵȂȇ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ǞǫȂŭơȁ ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ
ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǱȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơ ơǀŮ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǸǔǻơ
.ÎÖÖÓ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÎÏ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƢȇǁƢǇ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ƶƦǏƗȁ .ÎÖÕÐ ǵƢǠǳ
Ŀ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƢȀǨǌǯ ǑǂǤƥ ƨȈǰȈƬǇȐƦǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǄȈȈŤ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ò
Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ ÎÖÖÎ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ
/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÐÍ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƢȇǁƢǇ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ƶƦǏƗȁ .ÎÖÖÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ
.ÎÖÖÓ ǂȇƢǼȇ
ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ó
ƢȇǁƢǇ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ƶƦǏƗ .ÎÖÔÐ ǵƢǠǳ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨƦǫƢǠŭơȁ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ
.ÏÍÍÒ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÎÓ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ
ƨǰǴŲ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȃǂǇ .ÎÖÔÖ ǵƢǠǳ ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ô
.ÏÍÍÒ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÎÓ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ
ǵƢǠǳ ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Õ
ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÎ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ȃǂǇ ÎÖÕÕ
.ÏÍÍÒ
ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Ö
ǾȈǳƛ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ƶƦǏƗ .ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǠǳ ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽȂƳȂŭơ
.ÏÍÍÒ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÎ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƢȇǁƢǇ
ƶƦǏƗ .ÎÖÖÔ ǵƢǠǳ ǲƥƢǼǬǳƢƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÍ
.ÏÍÍÑ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÎ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƢȇǁƢǇ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ
ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ǵƢǸǔǻơ ƶƦǏƗ .ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ÎÎ
.ÏÍÍÑ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÎ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ƢȇǁƢǇ ƢȀȈǳƛ
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ƪǫĈƾǏ
121
ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ Ǯǳƿȁ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

.ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ
ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
.ÏÍÍÑ
Ļ) ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð
.(ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ
ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ

ńƛ ƢȀǤǴƦȇȁ ǵȂǇǂŠ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ǮǴŭơ ǵŐȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÐÔ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧȂǫ ƧƾǿƢǠǸǴǳ ǹȂǰƫȁ ǹƢȈƦǳơ ǺǷ ƤǇƢǼȇ ƢŠ ƨǟȂǨǌǷ ơƆǁȂǧ ƣơȂǼǳơȁ ȃǁȂǌǳơ ǆǴů
."ƨȈũǂǳơ ƧƾȇǂŪơ Ŀ Ƣǿǂǌǻȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơȁ ƢȀǷơǂƥƛ ƾǠƥ
ǩȂǬŞ" ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƧƽƢȈǈƥ ƨǴǐƬŭơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ǺǷ ƨǨƟƢǗ ƿƢǨǼǳ ƤŸ ǵƾǬƫ ƢŲ ƔƢǼưƬǇơȁ
.ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǁƾǏ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǁƾǐƫ ǹƗ "ƨǏƢŬơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ śǼǗơȂŭơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȈǼȇǂƸƦǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ȆǴȈǸǰƬǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƬƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ǾǻƘƥ (S/2003/1043 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǲǸů ǹƗ ǚƷȐȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǞǼǷ ŚƥơƾƬƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ƢǷƗ .ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƤƳȂŠ
ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǷ ǲǯȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨƥƢǻȍơȁ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫȁ ǹơƾȈŭơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơȁ
ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ Ļ ǹƗ ƾǠƥ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ŀ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ǂǋƢƦŭơ ǪȈƦǘƬǴǳ ƨǴƥƢǫ ƢȀǴǰǧ
ǁȁƾǐƥ ƔƢǨƬǯơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơȁ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ǽǀǿ ŀƢǠȇ ȆǴƻơƽ Ǟȇǂǌƫ ǁơƾǏƛ ńƛ ƨƳƢƷ ǹȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
.ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ

ǵƢǠǳ ÑÓ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ řȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǸǔƫ
ÑÏÕ ŕƷ ÑÎÏ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ Ŀ Ȑ Ɔ ǷƢǰƬǷ ƢƆǸȈǜǼƫ ǅƽƢǈǳơ ƣƢƬǰǳơ ǺǷ ňƢưǳơ ƣƢƦǳơ Ŀ ÏÍÍÏ
.ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨƥƢǻȍơȁ ǶȀȈǴǟ ǵȂǰƄơȁ śǸȀƬŭơ ǶȈǴǈƬǳ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ǺǷ ơƆƽƾǟ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƪǷǂƥƗ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƢȀǼǷȁ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ ǱƽƢƦƬŭơ
ƤƳȂŠ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǠǷƢŪơ Ǳȁƽ śƥ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •
.ÎÖÔÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÎ Ƕǫǁ ȅŚǷȋơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
122
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ǂǐǷ ƨȇǁȂȀŦȁ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǳȁƽ śƥ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •

.ÎÖÕÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÍ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ǁƾǏ Ŗǳơ
ƩơǂƯƚŭơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ Ŀ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǁƢšȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •
ǵƢǠǳ ÎÔ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳƢƥ ǁƾǏ Ŗǳơ ÎÖÕÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƨȈǴǬǠǳơ
.ÎÖÕÖ
ȁƗ ƨȈǇƢǬǳơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ȁƗ ƨǴǷƢǠŭơ ƣȁǂǓ ǺǷ ǽŚǣȁ ƤȇǀǠƬǳơ ƨǔǿƢǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •
ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ǁƾǏ Ŗǳơ ÎÖÕÑ ǵƢǠǳ ƨǼȈȀŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈǻƢǈǻƛȐǳơ
.ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ (Ñ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳƢƥ ǁƾǏ Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ •
.ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ
ǪȇƾǐƬǳƢƥ ǁƾǏ Ŗǳơ ÎÖÕÐ ǵƢǠǳ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ǑƢȇǂǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÑÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƢȀȈǴǟ
ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ǁƾǏ Ŗǳơ ƢȇǁȂǇȁ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ śƥ ňȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •
.ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÍ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƢȀȈǴǟ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƾǳ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƩƢǻȐǟȍơȁ ƩƢƥƢǻȍơȁ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǀȈǨǼƫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •
ǵƢǠǳ Ö Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳƢƥ ǁƾǏ Ŗǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ
.ÎÖÖÓ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ƩƢǇƢȈǇ ǞǓȂǳ ƨǼŪ ƔƢǌǻƛ Õ

ƽƢǐƬǫȏơȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơȁ ǱƾǠǳơȁ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ Ʃơǁơǃȁ ȆǴưŲ ǺǷ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ǽǀǿ ǲǰǌƬƫ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ƩƢǇƢȈǇ ǞǓȁ Ƣđ ǕƢǼȇȁ "ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƾǬǻ ƨǈǇƚǷ"ȁ řǗȂǳơ
ǺǷ ǺǷȋơ ƧǄȀƳƗ śƥ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơȁ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ ȅǂŸ ȆǸȈǴǫȍơ ȃȂƬǈŭơ ȄǴǟȁ .řǗȂǳơ ƾȈǠǐǳơ ȄǴǟ
ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ƣǂǠǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ɣơǁǃȁ ǆǴůȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů ǱȐƻ
.ƨǬȇƾǐǳơ ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ
123
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ

ÏÍÍÏ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÎÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƽƢǏ ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǁȂƬǇƽ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗ
ƤƳȂŠ ǱƾǠŭơȁ ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÎ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ Ñ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
ǵƢǠǳ Ó Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǱƾǠŭơ ÎÖÔÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÓ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơȁ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÓ
(Ñ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǒǠƥ ǲȇƾǠƫ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ǂǜƷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ǞǸƬĐơ ƨȇƢŧ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÓ ǵƢǠǳ ÒÕ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
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ǅƽƢǈǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ
ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ
ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǈǳ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǁƢǗȍƢƥ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ
ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ǂȀǋ Ŀ ǹƢǸǟ ǹƢǘǴǇ ƾȈǠǇ Ǻƥơ ǅȂƥƢǫ ǹƢǘǴǈǳơ ǁƾǏƗ
.ƽȐƦǴǳ ǁȂƬǇƽ ƨƥƢưŠ ƾǠȇȁ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ȆǇƢǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ÎÖÖÓ
Ȇǿ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǹƗȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ǻȇƽ ǵȐǇȍơ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
.ƽȐƦǳơ Ŀ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ ǅƢǇƗ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴůȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠǷƢƳȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨǸǜǼǷ Ŀ Ȃǔǟ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇȁ
.ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ

ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ ǞǷ ƢȀǼǷƢǔƫ ƾǯƚƫ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǻƢǸǠǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ƪǏǂƷ
Ǳȁȋơ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƔƢƳ ƾǬǧ ."ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƧƽƢȈǈǳơ ƩƢǸǴǈǷ" ǽơǂƫ ƢǷ ǁƢǗƛ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƢȀƬǻơƽƛ ƽƾš" ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ǹƗ (S/2002/87 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǹȂǸǔǷ ǀȈǨǼƬƥȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳƢƥ ƪƥƢưǳơ ƢȀǷơǄƬǳơȁ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ƨǧƢǰƥ ƣƢǿǁȎǳ
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƢǿƽơƾǠƬǇơ Ǻǟ Ƣđơǂǟƛ ƽƾš ƢǸǯ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ
ǄȈȈǸƬǳơ ƢȀƬǷƾǬǷ Ŀȁ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƧƽƢȈǈǳơ ƩƢǸǴǈǷȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ Ǫǧȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
Ǫūơ ƝƽƢƦǷ ǪȈǬŢ ǲƳƗ ǺǷ ƢƆǷȁƽ ǲǸǠǴǳȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƨǷȁƢǬǷ śƥȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ śƥ
ÎÖÖÖ/ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ Ȑ Ɔ Ǹǟ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ) ."ǱƾǠǳơȁ
.(S/AC.37/2004/(1455)/37 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
ƩơǁơǂǬǳơ ǾȈǴǟ ƩƾǯƗ ƢǷ ńƛ ƢȀǨǫȂǷ Ŀ ƾǼƬǈƫ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǹƗ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ƶǓȂȇȁ
ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ȄǴǟȁ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷȁ
ȏƆ ƢǠǧƗ ƾǠȇ ƢǷ ǵǂš ƢƆǏȂǐǻ ƪǼǸǔƫ ƾǫȁ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƪǸǔǻơ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
.ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ

ȄǴǟ ǾƫȐȇƾǠƫȁ ÔÎ/Ô Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭƢƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ňƢǸǠǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǎǻ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ƨƦǫƢǠǷȁ ŉǂš
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ńȂƫ ȁƗ ƨƸǴǈǷ ƨƥƢǐǟ ǅƗǁ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǵơƾǟȍƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" :ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÎÐÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
:ǲȈƬǬƬǳơ ȁƗ ƤȀǼǳơ ȁƗ ƤȇǂƼƬǳơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƢđƗƽ ƨȇƽƢȈǫ ƨǨȈǛȁ ƢȀȈǧ
.ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨǷȐǈǳơ ȄǴǟ ƔơƾƬǟȏơ ƽǂĐ Î
ǺǷƗ ȄǴǟ ƨǠǫơȂǳơ ƩƢȇƢǼŪơ œǰƫǂǷ ƾǓ ƨǴǷƢǠǳơ ƧȂǬǳơ ƨǷȁƢǬǷ ȁƗ ƨŦƢȀǷ ƽǂĐ Ï
.ƨǳȁƾǳơ
śǬƥƢǈǳơ ǺȇƾǼƦǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ƨȇƢǤǴǳ ƨǨǳƚŭơ ƨƥƢǐǠǳơ Ŀ śǯǂƬǌŭơ ǂƟƢǇ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ
ȄǟƾƬǈƫ ƨŻǂƳ śǯǂƬǌŭơ Ɣȏƚǿ ƾƷƗ ǲǠǧ Ǻǟ ƲƬǼƫ Ń ơƿƛ ƨǼǇ Ƨǂǌǟ ǆŨ ŕƷ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ
."ƾǋƗ ƨƥȂǬǟ
ȄǴǟ ǵƾǫƗ ǺǷ ǲǫȋơ ȄǴǟ ƩơȂǼǇ ǞƦǇ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÎÐÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ȁƗ ƨƦȀƬǴŭơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǈǳơ ƽơȂŭơ ȁƗ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ƨǘǇơȂƥ ǂǟƿ ƨǳƢƷ ƽƢŸƛ ńƛ ȄǷǂȇ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǲǸǟ
.ƢƆǷƢǟ ơƆǂǘƻ ƭƾŢ ǹƗ ƢĔƘǋ ǺǷ ǲƟƢǇȁ ƨȇƗ ȁƗ ƨȈƟƢƥȂǳơ
ǲǫȋơ ȄǴǟ ƩơȂǼǇ ǂǌǟ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǲǸǟ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƧǂǷơƚŭơ ƤƊǫƢǠƫȁ
ƨȇƗ ȁƗ ƧǂƟƢǗ ȁƗ ƨǼȈǨǇ Ŀ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǟ ƨǈǇƚǷ Ŀ ȁƗ ǵƢǟ ƔƢǼƥ Ŀ Ƥȇǂţ ǲǠǨǳơ Ǻǟ ƲƬǻ ơƿƛ
.ƾƥƚŭơ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ǲǟƢǨǳơ ƤǫƢǠȇ ǲǬǼǳơȁ ƩȐǏơȂŭơȁ ƩơǂƥƢƼǸǴǳ ȃǂƻƗ ƩƖǌǼǷ
ǹƢǯ ƢȀǼǷ ƔǄƳ ȁƗ ƨȇƢǼƥ ǵƾǿ ȁƗ ǆǨǻ ǭȐǿ ńƛ ǲǠǨǳơ ȃƽƗ ơƿƛ ǵơƾǟȍƢƥ ȄǔǬȇȁ
."ȏƆ ȂǿƘǷ
ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ƨǴǐƬŭơ ƨȈǷơǂƳȍơ ƨǘǌǻȌǳ ňƢǸǠǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ȃƾǐƫ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ǎǼǧ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ Ŀ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ȁƗ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ȁƗ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ǶǜǼǴǳ ƨǔǿƢǼǷ ƩƢǸǜǼǷ
ǥơƾǿȋơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơȁ ƣơǄƷȋơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǦȈǳƘƫ ǂǜŹ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÐÑ
ǝǂǧ ƔƢǌǻƛ ƢǔȇƗ ǂǜŹȁ .ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ Ŀ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ȁƗ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ȁƗ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ǶǜǼǴǳ ƨǔǿƢǼŭơ
.ƨǬƥƢǈǳơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ǶǜǼǳơ ǾǧơƾǿƗ ǒǿƢǼƫ œǼƳƗ ƣǄƷ ȅȋ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ȄǓơǁƗ ǺǸǓ
ǲƸƬǧ śƬǬƥƢǈǳơ śƫǂǬǨǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋ ƢƆǧȐƻ ǝǂǧ ƢŮ ƞǌǻƗ ȁƗ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ȃƾƷƛ ƪǨǳƗ ơƿƛ
ƤǫƢǠȇȁ ƩơȂǼǇ ǂǌǟ ńƛ ƭȐƯ ǺǷ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ǹȁǂȇƾŭơȁ ǹȂǈǇƚŭơ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ ƢŮơȂǷƗ ǁƽƢǐƫȁ
."ƩơȂǼǇ ƭȐƯ ńƛ ƨǼǇ ǺǷ ǺƴǈǳƢƥ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǹȂǸƬǼŭơ
Ǫȇǂǘƥ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨŷƢǈŭơ ǱƢǰǋƗ ȄǴǟ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÖÓȁ ÖÒȁ ÖÐ ƽơȂŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ȄǴǟ ǾƫƾǟƢǈǷ ȁƗ ǎƼǋ ƔƢǨƻƛ ǲǠǧ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÖÔ ƧƽƢŭơ ǵǂšȁ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơȁ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ
.Ƣēơǀƥ ƨǸƟƢǫ ƨŻǂŪ ƢƆȈǴǏƗ Ȑ
Ɔ ǟƢǧ ǽŐƬǠƫȁ ƨŻǂŪ ǾƥƢǰƫǁƢƥ ǶǴǠǳơ ƾǠƥ ǁƢǜǻȋơ Ǻǟ ȅǁơȂƬǳơ
ƾȈǠǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƪƳĈȂƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ŀ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ƽȂȀƳ ƪǴǏơȂƫȁ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁơƾǏƜƥ ǵ ÏÍÍÔ/Õ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǁȁƾǐƥ ȆǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
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‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‐ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‬
ÏÍÍÔ/Õ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ

ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁơƾǏƜƥ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ÏÍÍÔ ǵƢǟ ǂȇƢǼȇ/ňƢưǳơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÏÏ Ŀ ǁƾǏ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǦȇǂǠƫ ƢȀǼǷ ƩƢǨȇǂǠƬǳơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ȄǴǟ ńȁȋơ ǾƫƽƢǷ Ŀ ǎǼȇȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
ȆǟƢŦ ȁƗ ȃƽǂǧ ȆǷơǂƳƛ ǝȁǂǌŭ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ ǞǬȇ Ǿƥ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ȁƗ ǦǼǠǳơ ǱƢǠǧƗ ǺǷ ǲǠǧ ǲǯ" ǾǻƘƥ
ȁƗ ǅƢǼǳơ śƥ Ƥǟǂǳơ ƔƢǬǳƛ ńƛ ǥƾȀȇ ǹƢǯ ơƿƛ ƢƆȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳơ ǹȂǰȇȁ ĺƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳȁ
ǩƢūƛ ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ǶȀǫȂǬƷ ȁƗ ǶȀǓơǂǟƗ ȁƗ ǶȀǼǷƗ ȁƗ ǶēƢȈƷ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ǶȀƟơǀȇƜƥ ǶȀǠȇȁǂƫ
ƾƷƗ ǒȇǂǠƫ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ȁƗ ƨǏƢŬơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǭȐǷȋơ ȁƗ Ǫǧơǂŭơ ƾƷƘƥ ȁƗ ƨƠȈƦǳƢƥ ǁǂǔǳơ
ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ƢēƾƷȁ ȁƗ ƨǼǘǴǈǴǳ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƨǷȐǈǳơ ȁƗ ǁơǂǬƬǇȏơ ƾȇƾē ȁƗ ǂǘƼǴǳ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƽǁơȂŭơ
ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǪȈƦǘƫ ǲȈǘǠƫ ȁƗ ƢŮƢǸǟƗ ƨǇǁƢŲ Ǻǟ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƢēƢǘǴǇ ƨǴǫǂǟ ȁƗ ƶǼǷ ȁƗ ƢēƽƢȈǇ ȁƗ
ǝȁǂǋ ȁƗ ǲǠǧ ǲǯ" ƢĔƘƥ" ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨŻǂŪơ" ǥǂǠƫȁ ."ƶƟơȂǴǳơ ȁƗ śǻơȂǬǳơ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ȆǇƢǇȋơ
ƨƠȈǿ ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ ǲǯ" ȂȀǧ "ĺƢǿǁȍơ ǶȈǜǼƬǳơ" ƢǷƗ." ĺƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ Ƥǰƫǂȇ ǾȈǧ ǭơǂƬǋơ ȁƗ
ȅƗȁ ƢȀǴǰǋ ȁƗ ƢȀƬȈǸǈƫ ƪǻƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ƢȀđƢǋ ƢǷ ȁƗ ƨƥƢǐǟ ȁƗ ƨǟƢŦ ȁƗ ǄǯǂǷ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ
." ƣƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳ ƘǌǼƫ ƢŮ ǝǂǧ
śƥ ƵȁơǂƬƫȁ "ƢēƢƥȂǬǟȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ" ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǷ ňƢưǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ ǱȁƢǼƫȁ
.ƨŻǂŪơ ƨǷƢǈŪ ƢƆǠƦƫ ƧǁƽƢǐŭơȁ ƪǫƚŭơ ȁƗ ǪǴǘŭơ Ǻƴǈǳơȁ ǵơƾǟȍơ
ȆƟƢǼƳ ǩƢǨƫơ Ŀ ǭơǂƬǋȏơ ǲǠǧ ŉǂš ȄǴǟ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǷ ÎÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ȄǴǟ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ ơǀǯȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ƨŻǂƳ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ǾǼǷ ǑǂǤǳơ
ƔƢǨǟȍơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ ƨưǳƢưǳơȁ ƨȈǻƢưǳơ ǹƢƫǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫȁ .ǩƢǨƫȏơ ơǀǿ ƨǯǂƷ Ƨǁơƽƛ ȁƗ ǭơǂƬǋȏơ
ơȂǯǂƬǋơ ǺŠȁ ǩƢǨƫȏơ ƽȂƳȂƥ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǡȐƥƛ ńƛ ƧǁƽƢƦŭơ ƾǼǟ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǺǷ
.ǀȈǨǼƬǳơ Ŀ ƔƾƦǳơ ǲƦǫ ǾȈǧ
ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩƢȇƢǼŪơ" ǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÎÕ ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫȁ
ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǚȈǴǤƫ ǞǷ "ĺƢǿǁƛ ǑǂǤǳ ƪƦǰƫǁơ ơƿƛ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǶƟơǂƳ ǂƻƕ ǹȂǻƢǫ ȅƗ ȁƗ ňƢǸǠǳơ
.ƧǁǂǬŭơ

ǺǷȁ .ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǶƟơǂƳ ȄǴǟ ƤǫƢǠƫ ƢƆǏȂǐǻ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǺǸǔƬƫ
ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȈǴǬǠǳơ ƩơǂƯƚŭơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǾȈǴǟ ǎǼȇ ƢǷ Ǯǳƿ
ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǺǷ ƔƢǼưƬǇơ" ǾǻƘƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ÑÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫȁ .ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÔ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ
ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǡȐƥƜƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǵǄƬǴƫ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ ƨȇǂǈƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ
.ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ƢǿƽƾŹ Ŗǳơ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƨȇƾǬǼǳơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ Ǻǟ ňƢǸǠǳơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơȁ ƨǐƬƼŭơ
ƨȇƗ ŉƾǬƬƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǦȈǴǰƫ ǥƢǼƠƬǇȏơ ƨǸǰŰ ǺǷ ǂǷƘƥ ǃȂŸȁ
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ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ƨƥȂǴǘŭơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ŉƾǬƫ ǶƬȇȁ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƨȇƾǬǼǳơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƨȈǧƢǓƛ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ
."ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ
ƧǁƽƢǐŠ" ƨǷơǂǤǳơȁ ƨȇǂƸǴǳ ƨƦǳƢǈǳơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ Ǻǟ Ȑ Ɔ ǔǧ ǶǰƸĄȇ ÓÍ ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ǱơȂǷƘƥ ƪǳĈƾƥ ȁƗ ƪǳȂƷ Ȃǳȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ǺǷ ƨŻǂƳ ƨȇƗ ǺǷ ƧƾǸƬǈŭơ ƩȐǐƸƬŭơȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ
ǎƼǋ ńƛ ƢȀƬȈǰǴǷ ƪǳȂƷ ȁƗ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ ǁƽƢǐǷ ǺǷ ƪƦǈƬǯơ ǱơȂǷƘƥ ƪǘǴƬƻơ ȁƗ ȃǂƻƗ
."ƨȈǼǳơ řǈƷ ŚǤǳơ ǩȂǬŞ ǱȐƻƛ ǹȁƽ Ǯǳƿȁ ǂƻƕ
ǎǼƫȁ ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÑ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁƾǏȁ
ƨȇȂǿ ǺǷ ǪǬƸƬǳƢƥ ƨȇȂǼǠŭơȁ ƨȈǠȈƦǘǳơ ǍƢƼǋȋơȁ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǵǄƬǴƫ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǾǼǷ Ñ ƧƽƢŭơ
ƶƬǧ ǲƦǫ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƨȀƳ Ƣǿǁƾǐƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǶȀǼȇȁƢǼǟȁ ƔȐǸǠǳơ
Ǯǳǀǯȁ ƔȐǸǠǳƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǩơǁȁȋơ ȁƗ ǹȁƿȋơ ȁƗ ƩơƾǼǈǳơ ǚǨƷ ȁƗ ƔȐǸǠǴǳ ƩƢƥƢǈƷ
."ǶȀǠǷ ǲǸǟ ƩƢǫȐǟ ƨȇƗ ƨǷƢǫƛ ȁƗ ǶŮ ǺƟơǄƻ ǎȈǐţ ǲƦǫ
ǕƢƦƷƛȁ Ǧǌǰǳ ƨȈǴƻơƽ ƨȈƥƢǫǁ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǞǓȁ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ȄǴǟ" ǾǻƘƥ Ó ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫȁ
."ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƨȀƳ Ƣǿǁƾǐƫ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƫ ȅƘƥ ǵơǄƬǳȏơȁ ƢȀǼǷ ǃơǂƬƷȎǳ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨŻǂƳ
ǵǄƬǴƫ ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ ƨȇǂǈƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ǺǷ ƔƢǼưƬǇơ" ǾǻƘƥ Ö ƧƽƢŭơ ǦȈǔƫȁ
ƨȀƳȁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơȁ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǡȐƥƜƥ ƨȇȂǼǠŭơ ȁƗ ƨȈǠȈƦǘǳơ ǍƢƼǋȋơȁ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ
ȄǴǟ ǡȐƥȍơ ǲǸƬǌȇ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀŮ ƢȀƬǨǳƢƼŠ ǾƦƬǌȇ Ŗǳơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ Ǻǟ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ
ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǵǄǴȇ ǹƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ƔƢǟƽȎǳ ǃȂŸ ƢǸǯ .ƨǴǷƢǠŭơ Ǻǟ ƧǂǧȂƬŭơ ƩơƾǼƬǈŭơȁ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǞȈŦ
ŉƾǬƫ ǶƬȇȁ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƨȈǧƢǓƛ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ƨȇƗ ŉƾǬƬƥ śǷǄǴŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ
ǺǷ Ï ƧǂǬǨǳơ) ."ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƨȀƳ ȁƗ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ƨƥȂǴǘŭơ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ
(Ö ƧƽƢŭơ
ǞȈŦ ƿƢţƢƥ ǂǷȋơ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǺǷ ƤǴǗ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ" ǵƢǠǳơ ƔƢǟƽȎǳ ǹȂǰȇȁ
ȁƗ ƨŻǂŪƢƥ ƨǴǐƬŭơ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǖƦǓ Ǯǳƿ ǲǸǌȇȁ ƨǷǃȐǳơ ƨȈǜǨƸƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ
ƨǸǰƸǸǴǳȁ .ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǮǴƫ ƾȇƾŢ ǺǰǸŭơ ǺǷ ǲǠš ƾǫ ƨǳƽƗ ƨȇƗȁ ƢēơƾƟƢǟ
ǺǷ ÎÐ ƧƽƢŭơ) ."ƨŻǂŪơ ǝȂǓȂǷ Ŀ ǶǰƷ ǁȁƾǏ śƷ ńƛ ƾȈǸƴƬǳƢƥ ǂǷȋơ ƨǐƬƼŭơ
.(ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ǵƢǠǳ ÔÏ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƨǴǷƢǌǳơ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨƸƟȐǳơ ƩǁƾǏȁ
.ÏÍÍÑ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƾǫȁ
ƩǀƻƗ ƨȈǻƢǸǠǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǹƗ (S/2005/466) ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ
ǱȂǏȋơ ƾȈǸƴƬƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷÎÐ ƧƽƢŭơ" ǹƘƥ ƾȈǨƫ Ŗǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƨǜƷȐŠ
128
ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ƨȇƢǼǟ ǾȈƳȂƫ Ļȁ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂǸƬƥ ǆȈǳȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨǘǌǻƘƥ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơ
.ǂǷȋơ ơǀǿ ƨŪƢǠǷ Ŀ ǂǜǼǴǳ
ǺǷ ƪƫƘƫ ƢĔƗ ƪƦưȇ Ŗǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƧǁƽƢǐǷ ȄǴǟ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǎǼƫ ȃǂƻƗ ƨȀƳ ǺǷȁ
ǱơȂǷƘƥ ƪǳƾƥ ȁƗ ƪǳȂƷ Ȃǳȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǠǧƗ ƣƢǰƫǁȏ ƧǂƼǈǷ ƪǻƢǯ ȁƗ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟƗ
ǎƼǋ ńƛ ƢȀƬȈǰǴǷ ƪǳȂƷ ȁƗ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ ǁƽƢǐǷ ǺǷ ƪƦǈƬǯơ ǱơȂǷƘƥ ƪǘǴƬƻơȁ ȃǂƻƗ
ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÓÍ ƧƽƢŭơ ǾȈǴǟ ǎǼƫ Ƣŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨȈǼǳơ řǈƷ ŚǤǳơ ǩȂǬŞ ǱȐƻƛ ǹȁƽ Ǯǳƿȁ ǂƻƗ
ÒÑȁ ÒÐȁ ÒÏ ƽơȂŭơ Ŀ ƔƢƳ ƢǷ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ ƨȈǴǬǠǳơ ƩơǂƯƚŭơȁ ňƢǸǠǳơ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
.ňƢǸǠǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁơƾǏƜƥ ÏÍÍÔ/Õ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǷ ÏÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƨȇƗ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūƢƥ ǂǷƘȇ ǹƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƗ ƢȇƢǔǬǳ ǽƾǟƢǈǷ ȁƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ȆǟƾǸǴǳ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ȃǂƻƗ ƨǴǷƢǠǷ ƨȇƗ ȁƗ ǺƟơǄŬơ ȁƗ ƩƢǻƢǷȋơ ȁƗ ǞƟơƽȂǳơ ȁƗ ƩƢƥƢǈūƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȁƗ ƩƢǻƢȈƥ
ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ƨǬȈǬūơ Ǧǌǯ Ǯǳƿ ȄǔƬǫơ ơƿƛ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣ ȁƗ ǥǁƢǐŭơ Ŀ
."ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ
ƨȇƾƳ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǧƢǯ ǲƟȏƽ ƪǷƢǫ ơƿƛ ǵƢǠǳơ ȆǟĈƾǸǴǳ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ǎǼǳơ ÏÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǦȈǔƫȁ
Ŀ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ǺǷ ǶȀƬŭơ ǞǼŠ ƢƆƬǫƚǷ ǂǷƘȇ ǹƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǵƢēȏơ
Ʊȁǃ ǱơȂǷƗ ǂǷȋơ ǲǸǌȇ ǹƗ ǃȂŸȁ .ƨȈǜǨƸƬǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿ Śǣȁ Ƣēǁơƽƛȁ ǾǳơȂǷƗ
Ƨǁơƽƛ ǹƘǋ Ŀ ǞƦƬȇȁ .ǶȀƬŭơ ǺǷ ǶȀȈǳƛ ƪǳƕ ƾǫ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǽǀǿ ǹƗ ƪƦƯ ơƿƛ ǂǐǬǳơ ǽƽȏȁƗȁ ǶȀƬŭơ
."ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǚǨƸƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫȁ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ śǷƘƬǳơ ǝƢǘǫȁ ŅƢŭơȁ Ŀǂǐŭơ ǝƢǘǬǳơ ǀţơ ƾǫȁ
ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ƩȐȈȀǈƬǳơ ǱȐǤƬǇơ ƧƔƢǇƛ ǹȁƽ ƨǳȂǴȈūơ ńƛ ǥƾēȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂǸƬƥ ƨǴǐƬŭơ
.ǺǷȋơ ńƛ ƔȆǈƫ ǥơƾǿƗȁ ƩƢȇƢǣ ǪȈǬŢ Ŀ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ Ƣđ ǶǈƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǧƢǨǌǳơȁ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǯǀȇȁ
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƨǴưǷȋơ (S/2002/87/add.1
ÐÎ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƨǟƢǼǐǳơȁ ƧǁƢƴƬǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ Ǻǟ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ÏÍÍÎ/ÏÓ Ƕǫǁ ǶȈǸǠƬǳơ •
.śǷƘƬǳơ ƩƢǯǂǌǳ ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ
ÐÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǱƢŭơ ǩȂǈǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ Ǻǟ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ÏÍÍÎ/ÐÕ Ƕǫǁ ǶȈǸǠƬǳơ •
.ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǩơǁȁȋơ ǱƢů Ŀ ƨǴǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǯǂǌǴǳ ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ
Ŀ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ȄǴǟ FATF ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǶȈǸǠƫ •
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǵǄǴȇ ƢǷ ƿƢţȏ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ
129
/ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ºƥ ƨȀȈƦǌǳơ ƨǴȇƾƦǳơ ŅƢŭơ ǲȇȂƸƬǳơ Ƕǜǻ ǹƘƥ (S/AC.37/2004/(1455)/37 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ÎÖÖÖ
ƢŮ ƵȂǸǈŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǹƘƥ ƢƆǸǴǟ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ Ŀ ƢȀƬǇǁƢǸŠ Ƶǂǐȇ ȏȁ Ƣđ ƵȂǸǈǷ Śǣ "ƨǳơȂūơ"
ǮǼƦǳơ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƨǐƻǂŭơ ƨǧŚǐǳơ ƩƢǯǂǋȁ ǥǁƢǐŭơ Ȇǿ ŅƢŭơ ǲȇȂƸƬǳơ ƨǘǌǻƗ ƨǇǁƢǸŠ
.ňƢǸǠǳơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ǮǼƦǳơ Ǻǟ ǁƽƢǐǳơȁ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩƢǯǂǌƥ ǍƢŬơ 18/ME Ƕǫǁ ǶȈǸǠƬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ǾǻƘƥ (S/2005/466
ƶƬǨƫ ǹƗ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩƢǯǂǋ ǹƢǰǷƜƥ ƶƦǏƗ ÏÍÍÐ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÏÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ňƢǸǠǳơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ
ƨƥƢƴƬǇơ ǁơǂǬǳơ ơǀǿ ƔƢƳ ƾǫȁ .ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƨǷƾƻ ǾȈǧ ǂǧȂƬƫ ȏ ǹƢǰǷ ȅƗ Ŀ ƢƆǟȁǂǧ ǹȉơ
ǹƢǸǔǳȁ ƨȈƟƢǼǳơȁ ƧƾȈǠƦǳơ ǪǗƢǼŭơ Ŀ ŕƷ ƧǂǧȂƬǷ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩƢǷƾƻ ǲǠŪȁ ǩȂǈǳơ ƩƢƳƢȈƬƷȏ
ƩơȂǼǫȁ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ Śǣ ƩƢǗƢǌǼǳơ Ǧǌǯȁ ǞǼŠ ƨȈǓƢǬǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀƴǴǳ ƨȈǴƄơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơ ƨƦǯơȂǷ
Ŀ ƢȀǴǠƳȁ ƨǧŚǐǳơ ƩƢǷƾƻ ŚǧȂƫ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿȁ ƢȀǸȈƴŢȁ ǱơȂǷȌǳ ƨȈũǂǳơ Śǣ ǲȇȂǸƬǳơ
.ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ƔƢŴƗ ƨǧƢǯ Ŀ ƨƥƢǫǂǴǳ ƨǠǓƢŬơȁ ƨǐƻǂŭơ ƨȈũǂǳơ ƩơȂǼǬǳơ Őǟ Ǻǰǳȁ ǞȈǸŪơ ǱȁƢǼƬǷ
/ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ǥǂǠƬǴǳ ŅƢŭơȁ Ŀǂǐŭơ śǴǬūơ Ŀ ƨǠƦƬŭơ ƨȈǳȉơ ǹƘƥ (S/AC.37/2004/1455/32 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ÎÖÖÖ
ƩƢǰƦǌǳơ ȁƗ ǹƢƦǳƢǗ ƨǯǂƷ ȁƗ ƧƾǟƢǬǳơ ǶȈǜǼƫ ȁƗ ǹƽȏ Ǻƥ ƨǷƢǇȋ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǰƦǌǳơ ȄǴǟ
Ŗǳơ ǆǴĐơ ƨǼŪ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƧƾƷȂŭơ ǶƟơȂǬǳơ ȄǴǟ ƾǸƬǠƫ Ƕđ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơȁ
ȅƗ ƨƦǫơǂŠ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ǥǁƢǐŭơ ǵȂǬƫȁ .ƩƢǸǜǼŭơȁ ƽơǂǧȋơ ƔƢũƗ ƢȀȈǧ ƪƳǁƽƌƗ
ƨȈƥƢǫǂǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǡȐƥƛȁ ƩƢǰƦǌǳơ ǮǴƫ ƔƢũƘƥ ƨǬǴǠƬǷ ƨȈǧǂǐǷ ƩƢǗƢǌǻ ȁƗ ƨȈǳƢǷ ƩƢǯǂŢ
ƨǠƥƢƫ ƧƾǸů ǱȂǏƗ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ Ŀ ƾƳȂƫ ȏ ǾǻƘƥ ƢƆǸǴǟ .ƢȀǧƢǌƬǯơ ǁȂǧ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǘǴǈǳơȁ
.ǶƟơȂǬǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǁƢǌǷ ƩƢǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ƽơǂǧȋ
ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ Ǻǟ Ǧǌǰǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ǥǁƢǐŭơ ƾǸƬǠƫ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ƨƦǫơǂǷȁ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ȃȁƾŪơ ƨǷƾǠǼŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ ƨƦǫơǂǷȁ "ǮǴȈǸǟ ǥǂǟƛ" ƗƾƦǷ ȄǴǟ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ
ƩƢƥȂƸǈǷȁ ƩƢǟơƾȇƜƥ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ ƨǠƥƢƬǷȁ ƨǇơǁƽ ơǀǯȁ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ƨǏȂǬǼǷ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ
.ǲȈǸǠǳơ ǲƻƽ ǞǷ ƤǇƢǼƬƫ ȏ ƧǁǂǰƬǷ ȁƗ ƧŚƦǯ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǴǳ ƿȐŭơ ƶǼǷ ǵƾǟȁ ǀǧƢǼŭơ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð

ƤǻơȂŪơ ƧǁȁƢĐơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟȁ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ śƥ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƽȁƾūơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ ƪǳȁƢǼƫ
ƨǷƢǫƛ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÐÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ńƛ ơƽƢǼƬǇơȁ Ǯǳǀƥ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷȁ ƤȇǂȀƬǳơȁ ǲǴǈƬǳơ ǞǼŠ ƨǴǐƬŭơ
ƨǷƢǫƛ ȆǤǴȇ ǹƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ǊƬǨǸǴǳ ǃȂŸ" ÖÒ/ÎÓ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƤǻƢƳȋơ
.ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƩȏƢūơ Ŀ "ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ǺǷ ǽƽƢǠƥƜƥ ǂǷƘȇȁ œǼƳȋơ
130
ǲǴǈƫ ȅƗ ǞǼŭ ƨȈǼǷƗ ƩƢȇǁȁƽ ŚȈǈƫ Őǟ ƽȐƦǳơ ǱȂƻƽȁ ǭǂƸƬǳơ ǺǷ ǹȂȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼǸĄȇȁ
ǾǳȐƻ ǺǷ ǺǰŻ Ņȉơ ƤǇƢƸǴǳ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨȇȂŪơȁ ƨȇǂƸƦǳơȁ ƨȇŐǳơ ǀǧƢǼŭơ ǖƦƫǂƫȁ .ƽȐƦǳơ ǲƻơƽ ńƛ
.ǲǴǈƬǴǳ ƨǳȁƢŰ ȅƗ ǑƢȀƳƛȁ śƳǁƢŬơȁ śǴƻơƾǳơ ƩƢȇȂǿ Ŀ ǪȈǫƾƬǳơ
ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƤǻơȂŪơ ǦǴƬű ƤǻƢƳȋơ ƨǷƢǫƛ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÏÔ ńƛ ÏÑ ǺǷ ƽơȂŭơ ƪǳȁƢǼƫȁ
Ǫǧȁȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ƣƢƦǇȋ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ǪƷ ƶǼŻ Ǯǳǀǳ ƢƆǠƦƫȁ .ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ǝȂǓȂŠ
ǕƢǌǻ ȅƗ ƨǇǁƢǸŠ ǵȂǬȇ ǹƗ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ǪƷ ƶǼĄǷ Ǻŭ ǃȂŸ ȏ ƢǸǯ ƧƽƾŰ ǖƥơȂǓ
Ŀ ƔȂƴǴǳơ œǳƢǗ ǕǁȂƫ ǵƾǟ ǹƢǸǔǳ ƨǠƦƬŭơ ƩƢȈǳȉơ ƢǷƗ ƨǼǘǴǈǳƢƥ ǾƬǷƢǫƛ ƨǴȈǗ ȆǇƢȈǇ
ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ ƨǘǇơȂƥ Ɣȏƚǿ ȄǴǟ ȅǂƸƬǳơȁ ǪȈǫƾƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƛ Ŀ ǲưǸƬƬǧ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨǘǌǻƗ Ŀ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀđ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǥǁƢǠƬŭơ ǩǂǘǳơȁ
ǁơǂǬǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ)
.(S/2005/466/ADD.1 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁơƾǏƜƥ ÏÍÍÔ/Õ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ǺǷ ÏÓ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ȃƾƷƛ Ŀ ǾȈǴǟ ǶǰƷ ơƿƛ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ǺǷ ƢƆȈƟƢĔ œǼƳȋơ ƽǂǘƥ ƨǸǰƄơ ǶǰŢ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
."ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
ÏÍÔȁ ÏÍÓȁ ÏÍÒȁ ÏÍÑȁ ÏÍÐȁ ÏÍÏȁ ÏÍÎȁ ÏÍÍȁ ÎÖÖ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ňƢǸǠǳơ ǂǨǈǳơ ǃơȂƳ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÓ ƧƽƢŭơȁ ňƢǸǠǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÏÍÕȁ
ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ǵĆǂƴĄƫ ƨȈǐƼǌǳơ ƨǫƢǘƦǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÒ ƧƽƢŭơȁ ÖÔ/ÓÖ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ
.ƨƦǇƢǼǷ ƩƢƥȂǬǟ ƢŮ ǁǂǬƫȁ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ ǂȇȁǄƫ
ňƢǸǠǳơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ñ

ƔƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȂǳ ȆǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ȆǐƼǌǳơ ǍƢǐƬƻȏơ ƾǟơȂǫ ǱƢǸǟƛ Ǒȁǂǧ ńƛ ƨǧƢǓȍƢƥ
ȅƗ Ŀ ǂǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǻƢǸǠǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ǍƢǐƬƻơ ňƢǸǠǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÎÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǳȁƢǼƫ ňƢǸǠǳơ
:ǹƘƥ ȆǔǬƬǧ ǹƢǸǟ Ŀ ƾƳȂȇ œǼƳƗ ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ƱǁƢƻ Ƥǰƫǁơ ǲǸǟ
ǥǂƬǫơ ƆȐƻƾƬǷ ȁƗ ƢƆǓǂŰ ȁƗ ǹƢǯ Ȑ Ɔ ǟƢǧ œǼƳƗ ǲǯ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǻƢǸǠǳơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ǪƦǘƫ"
Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼǷ Śǣȁ ƨȈǻƢǸǠǳơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ ƨƸǼƳ ȁƗ ƨȇƢǼƳ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ
ǕǂƬǌȇȁ ƨȈǻƢǸǠǳơ ȆǓơǁȋơ Ŀ ƢȀǧơǂƬǫơ ƾǠƥ ƾƳȁȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ ÎÎȁÎÍȁ Õ ƽơȂŭơ
:ƨǳƢūơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ
ƨƥȂǬǠƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠƫ ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ Ŀ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǧǂƬǫơ Ŗǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƨǠȇǂǋ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗ Î
.ƩơȂǼǇ ƭȐưǳơ ǢǴƦƫ ǺƴǇ
.ǲƦǫ ȁƗ ƤǴǗ ƾǫ œǼƳȋơ ƽơƽǂƬǇơ ǹȂǰȇ ȏ ǹƗ Ï
131
ǹƗ ǾȈǴǟ Ƕǰūơ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀȁ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ƢƆȈƟƢĔ ǶǯȂƷ ƾǫ œǼƳȋơ ǹȂǰȇ ȏ ǹƗ Ð

ȁƗ ǍƢƻ ȁƗ ǵƢǟ ȂǨǠƥ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ȁƗ ƨŻǂŪơ ƪǘǬǇ ȁƗ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǀǨǻ ǹȂǰȇ ȏ
.ǺǷǄǳơ ǁȁǂŠ
Ȅǟơǂȇ ǹƗ ňƢǸǠǳơ ȆǓƢǬǴǴǧ ƨŻǂŪơ ǹƢǰǷ ƨǠȇǂǋȁ ƨȈǻƢǸǠǳơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ ƪǨǴƬƻơ ơƿƛȁ
.ǾȈǴǟ Ȅǟƾŭơ ƨƸǴǐŭ ǥȐƬƻȏơ ơǀǿ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ)
.(S/2005/466
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ò

:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ƪǸǔǻơ
.ÎÖÔÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ö Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÓÐ ȂȈǯȂǗ)
Ļ (ÎÖÔÍ) ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
.ÎÖÔÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ï Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ
.ÎÖÔÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ï Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÔÎ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ)
Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÔ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÕÕ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ) Ņȁƾǳơ ňƾŭơ
.ÎÖÖÏ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ
ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ò
.ÎÖÕÕ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ ÏÏ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÔÐ) ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ
ÏÏ Ŀ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÔÖ) ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ó
.ÎÖÕÕ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ
ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ô
.ÎÖÖÍ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÑ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÕÕ)
ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǬƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ǱȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơ Õ
ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÕÕ ƢǷȁǁ) ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽȂƳȂŭơ ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơ
.ÎÖÖÍ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÑ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ
132
Ļ (ÎÖÖÎ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ) ƢȀǨǌǯ ǑǂǤƥ ƨȈǰȈƬǇȐƦǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǄȈȈŤ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ö

.ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÎÐ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ
ÎÎ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ (ÎÖÔÖ) ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ÎÍ
.ÏÍÍÐ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬

.ÖÖ/ÒÒ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ •
ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ •
.ÏÍÍÏ/ÏÏ Ƕǫǁ
ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •
.ÏÍÍÒ/ÎÍÒ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ
.ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ǑƢȇǂǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ •
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ Śǌȇȁ
ȄǴǟ ƢȀǼǷ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ƨȈƟƢǼƯ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫơ ƧƾǠƥ ǖƦƫǂƫ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǹƗ ńƛ (S/2005/466
.ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ǂǐǷ ƨȇǁȂȀŦ ǞǷ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǱƢưŭơ ǲȈƦǇ
ňƢǸǠǳơ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ

ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ơƆƔǄƳ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǩƽƢǐƫ ȁƗ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǶǔǼƫ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ ǲǯ ǵƢǰƷƗ ƶƦǐƫ
ƿƛ ȆǇƢǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ ǺǷ ÔÓ ƧƽƢŭơ Ǯǳƿ ȄǴǟ ƪǐǻ ƾǫȁ .ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧȂǫ ǆǨǻ ƢŮ ǹȂǰȇȁ ƽȐƦǳơ
ǃȂŸ ȏȁ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǳơ ƾǠƥ ȏƈ ƛ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧȂǫ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠǸǴǳ ǹȂǰƫ ȏ" ǹƘƥ ȆǔǬƫ
."ƨȈǼǴǠǳơ ƢȀǗȁǂǋ ǒǫƢǼƫ ƨȇǂǇ ƢƆǗȁǂǋ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȁƗ ƧƾǿƢǠŭơ ǺǸǔƬƫ ǹƗ ǱƢƷ ȅƗ Ŀ
ȁƗ ƶƟơȂǳ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǻƗ ǁơƾǏƛ ƨǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨȀƳ ƨȇȋ ǃȂŸ ȏ" ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ÕÍ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ȁƗ ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ ǶȈǇơǂŭơȁ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǦǳƢţ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƫ ȁƗ Ʃơǁơǂǫ
."ƽȐƦǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ƔǄƳ Ȇǿ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Ŀ ŘǠŭơ ơǀǿ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ƩƾǯƗȁ
ǹƗ Ʃǂǯƿȁ .(S/2005/466 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǴǳ ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ
ǹƗ ǭǁƾƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǺǷ ƨǴŦ ńƛ ƪǸǔǻơ ƿƛ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ
ƢȀƦǰƫǂǷ ƾȈǨƬǈȇ ȏ ŅƢƬǳƢƥȁ ƨȈǇƢȈǇ ǶƟơǂƳ ŐƬǠƫ ȏ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ
.ƨŻǂƴǴǳ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǞƥƢǘǳơ ǅƢǇƗ ȄǴǟ ƩƢǻƢǐƷ ȁƗ ƔƢǼưƬǇơ ȅƗ ǺǷ
133
ǞǷ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǦȈȈǰƬǳ ƧȂǟƾǷ ƨȈǻƢǸǠǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǹȂǰƫ ǵƾǬƫ ƢǷ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥȁ
Ŗǳơ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏƢƥ ƔƢǧȂǳơ ǲǨǰȇ ƢŠ ƢȀȇƾǳ ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ
ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ Ŀ ƨǰȇǂǋ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ ƪǷǂƥƗ śƷ ƢȀƬǔƫǁơ
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ Ǫǧȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
ƨȈǼǨǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ
ƢȀǠǴǘƫ ńƛ (S/2005/466 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ńƛ ƢǿǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ƩǁƢǋƗ
ǝǂǧ" ƨŻǂŪơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭƢƥ ŘǠŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƤƬǰǷ ƢȀǷƾǬȇ Ŗǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ǺǷ ƧƽƢǨƬǇȏơ ńƛ
ƩƢƳƢȈƬƷơ ǶȈȈǬƫ ƾǠƥ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨǐǐƼƬŭơ ƧǄȀƳȋơȁ ƩȏƢǯȂǳơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼǷ
ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǴǫ ǂǈǨȇ ƢǷ Ȃǿȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ȏƆ ƢǠǧƗ ƾȀǌƫ Ń ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ ǹƘƥ ƢƆǸǴǟ ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƨǼǘǴǈǳơ
ƧǁȂǘƻ ƩǂǠǌƬǇơ ȁƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǺǷ ƪǻƢǟ Ǳȁƽ ǞǷ ƨǻǁƢǬŭƢƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ
.ĺƢǿǁȍơ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ
(S/AC.37/2004/1455/37 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
134

ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ
ǵƢǠǳ ÎÍÎ Ƕǫǁ ÎÖÖÓ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ Ŀ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ȆǇƢǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ
.ÎÖÖÓ
ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗ

.ǾƫȐȇƾǠƫȁ ÔÑÔ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ňƢǸǠǳơ ƔơǄŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȈǴǬǠǳơ ƩơǂƯƚŭơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ÎÖÖÖ/ÎÔ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁơƾǏƜƥ ÏÍÍÔ/Õ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ •
.ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÑ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
ÔÏ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǹȂǻƢǬǳ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨƸƟȐǳơ •
.ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ
.ÎÖÖÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÓ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ÖÒ/ÎÓ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƤǻƢƳȋơ ƨǷƢǫƛ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȇǁƢƴƬǳơȁ ƨȈǻƾŭơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ÏÍÍÏ/ÏÖ
.ÎÖÖÔ/ÓÖ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ňƢǸǠǳơ ǂǨǈǳơ ǃơȂƳ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÖÍ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÖÏ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǵƢǠǳơ ƔƢǟƽȏơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ ÖÔ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ •
.řǗȂǳơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÓÐ Ƕǫǁ ňƢǘǴǈǳơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ •
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ǞƥƢǈǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ
ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ
ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸƴǴǳ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǁƢǗȍƢƥ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǷȋơ ǺǷ ƔǄƳ řǸȈǳơ ƤǠǌǳơ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǁȂƬǇƽ ǎǼȇ
."ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǞȈŦ ǁƾǐǷ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ ƨǠȇǂǌǳơ" ǹƗȁ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơȁ
ǺǷȋơȁ ƨǗǂǌǳơȁ ƨƸǴǈŭơ ƩơȂǬǳơ ƞǌǼƫ Ŗǳơ Ȇǿ ƨǳȁƾǳơ" ǹƘƥ ǾǼǷ ÐÓ ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫȁ
ƢȀȈǓơǁƗ ƨǷȐǇȁ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ƨȇƢŧ ƢȀƬǸȀǷȁ ǾǴǯ ƤǠǌǳơ ǮǴǷ Ȅǿȁ ȃǂƻƗ ƩơȂǫ ƨȇƗȁ
ȁƗ ƩơȂǫ ƔƢǌǻƛ ȆǇƢȈǇ ƣǄƷ ȁƗ ǶȈǜǼƫ ȁƗ ƨǟƢŦ ȁƗ ƽǂǧƗ ȁƗ ƨƠȈǿ ƨȇȋ ǃȂŸ ȏȁ ƢȀǼǷƗȁ
."ȄǸǈǷ ȅƗ ƪŢ ȁƗ ǹƢǯ Ǒǂǣ ȅȋ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ ǾƦǋ ȁƗ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ ƩȐȈǰǌƫ
Ó ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơȁ ƣơǄƷȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÓÓ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǂǜŹ ƢǸǯ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶȈǜǼƬǳơ ȁƗ ƣǄūơ ȄǴǟ Õ ƧƽƢŭơ
.ƢȀƬǷƢǫƛ Ŀ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ȁƗ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ ǾƦǋ ȁƗ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ ƩȐȈǰǌƫ ƨǷƢǫƛ (Ɨ)
.ǾȈǴǟ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ ȁƗ Ǿƥ ƾȇƾȀƬǳơ ȁƗ ǾǳƢǰǋƗ ǲǰƥ ǦǼǠǳơ ǵơƾƼƬǇơ (ƣ)
ƨǷƢǫƛ ȁƗ ǦǼǠǳơ ȄǴǟ ǑǂŹ ƢǷ ǾƫƢǟȂƦǘǷ ȁƗ Ǿƫơǂǌǻ ȁƗ Ǿůơǂƥ ǺǸǔƬƫ ǹƗ (Ʊ)
.ƨȇǂǇ ȁƗ ƨȈǼǴǟ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ ǾƦǋ ȁƗ ƨȇǂǰǈǟ ƩȐȈǰǌƫ
ƣơȂǼǳơ ǆǴů" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÓÏ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǘǴǇ ǶȈǜǼƫ ǹƢȈƥ Ŀȁ
ÓÐ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ ."ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨƠȈŮơ ǱƢǸǟƗ ȄǴǟ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ǅǁƢŻȁ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǘǴǈǳơ Ȃǿ
ǂǋƢƦŭơ ǂūơ ǵƢǠǳơ ȅǂǈǳơ ǝơǂƬǫȏơ Ǫȇǂǘƥ ǹȂƦƼƬǼĄȇ" ƔƢǔǟƗ ǺǷ ǦǳƘƬȇ ƣơȂǼǳơ ǆǴů ǹƗ ȄǴǟ
."ȅȁƢǈƬŭơ
ȏ ǹȂǴǬƬǈǷ ƧƢǔǬǳơȁ ǾǷƢȀǷ ƔơƽƗ Ŀ ƨǴǬƬǈǷ ƨǘǴǇ ƔƢǔǬǳơ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǎǼȇȁ
ȁƗ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ Ŀ ǲƻƾƬǳơ ƧǁȂǏ ƨȇƘƥȁ ƨȀƳ ƨȇȋ ǃȂŸ ȏȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ŚǤǳ ǶȀƟƢǔǫ Ŀ ǶȀȈǴǟ ǹƢǘǴǇ
.ƨȈƟƢǼưƬǇơ ǶǯƢŰ ƔƢǌǻƛ ǃȂŸ ȏ ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ (Õ) ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ ."ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ǹȁƚǋ ǺǷ ǹƘǋ Ŀ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ

ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƢǿǂȇǂǬƫ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ƪǴȀƬǇơ
ƮȈƷȁ ƾǠƥ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǵȂȀǨǷ ƾȇƾŢ ǶƬȇ Ń" Ǿǻȋ ơƆǂǜǻ ǾǻƗ ńƛ ƧǁƢǋȍƢƥ (S/2002/240 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
Ń ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÕ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǁƽƢǐǳơ (ÎÐÔÐ) Ƕǫǁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǹƗ
Ŗǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏơ ńƛ ƾǼƬǈȇ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ơǀǿ ƽơƾǟƛ ǹƜǧ Ǯǳǀǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǵȂȀǨǷ ƾȇƾŢ ǺǸǔƬȇ
Ŗǳơȁ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƤƳȂŠȁ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ Ƣđ ƪǘƦƫǁơ
137
ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƢǔȇƗȁ œǼƳȋơ ǱȐƬƷȏơ ƾǓ ǝȁǂǌŭơ ƵƢǨǰǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ śƥ ƩǄċȈǷ

ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƪǫƽƢǏ Ŗǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ
".ÏÍÍÍ ǵƢǠǳ (ÎÐÐÐ) Ƕǫǁ Ņȁƾǳơ
ǥƢǘƬƻȏơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǸȈǳơ ƩǁƾǏƗȁ
.ǾƦƳȂŠ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ œǰƫǂǷ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ǶǯȂƷ ƾǫȁ ǞǘǬƬǳơȁ
ǥƢǘƬƻȏơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ (ÏÑ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ńȁȋơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ ƤĔ ȁƗ ǞǘǬƬǳơȁ ǥƢǘƬƻȐǳ ƨƥƢǐǟ ǶǟǄƫ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǵơƾǟȍƢƥ ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǞǘǬƬǳơȁ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƽơȂŭơ ƪǷċǂƳȁ "ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǆǨǼƥ Ǯȇǂǌǳơ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ ƧȂǬǳƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ
ƤǫƢǠȇ" ǹƘƥ ȆǔǬȇ ȅǀǳơ Ñ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǻ Ȑ Ɔ ưǷ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǽǀǿ ƣƢǰƫǁȏ ƨǨǴƬƼŭơ ƩƢǓơǂƬǧȏơ
ǺǷ ƨǴȈǇȁ ǦǘƬƻơ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƨǼǇ Ƨǂǌǟ ŖǼƯơ Ǻǟ ƾȇǄƫ ȏȁ ƩơȂǼǇ ǂǌǟ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ ȏ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūƢƥ
Ƥƫǂƫ ơƿƛ ƨǼǇ Ƨǂǌǟ ǆŨ ƧƾǷ ǆƦūơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ ȅǂƸƦǳơ ȁƗ ȃŐǳơ ȁƗ ȃȂŪơ ǲǬǼǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ
ƧȂǬǳƢƥ ňƢŪơ ǵȁƢǫ ơƿƛ ȁƗ ƢȀƳǁƢƻ ȁƗ ƨǴȈǇȂǳơ ǲƻơƽ ǹƢǯ ƔơȂǇ ǎƼǋ ȅȋ ƵǂƳ ǥƢǘƬƻȏơ ȄǴǟ
ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǰƫȁ ǾƫǂǘȈǇ ǺǷ ƨǴȈǇȂǳơ ƧƽƢǠƬǇơ Ŀ ƢȀƬǨȈǛȁ ƔơƽƗ ƔƢǼƯƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǦǼǠǳơ ȁƗ
".ƢȀƳǁƢƻ ȁƗ ƨǴȈǇȂǳơ ǲƻơƽ ǎƼǋ ƩȂǷ ǥƢǘƬƻȏơ Ǻǟ Ƙǌǻ ơƿƛ ǵơƾǟȍơ
ȁƗ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ƨǳȁƽ ǺǷ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ȁƗ ǎƼǌǳơ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǲǐŹ Ŗǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ŉǂš Ļ ƢǸǯ
.ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǃƢƴƬƷơȁ ǥƢǘƬƻơ ƾǐǬƥ ƨǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ƨƥƢǐǟ
ǩƢǨƫơ Ŀ ǭǂƬǋơ ȁƗ ǑǂƷ ǺǷ ǲǯ" ƨŻǂƴǴǳ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ Ʃơǀƥ Ö ƧƽƢŭơ ƤǫƢǠƫȁ
ǝȁǂǌǳơ ȄǴǟ ƤǫƢǠȇȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȃƾƷƛ ƣƢǰƫǁȏ ȆƟƢǼƳ
."ǂƯƗ ȅƗ ǾȈǴǟ ƤƫǂƬȇ Ń Ȃǳȁ ŕƷ ƨŻǂƴǴǳ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ Ʃơǀƥ
ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÎÎ ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ǎǼȈǧ ƨŻǂŪơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ śǗǁȂƬǸǴǳ ƨƥȂƬǳơ ƣƢƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƶȈƬȇȁ
ƧƢǼŪơ ǺǷ ǁƽƢƥ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂƴǴǳ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǺǷ ȄǨǠȇ"
ǹƗ ƨǸǰƸǸǴǳ ǃȂŸȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǀȈǨǼƫ Ŀ ƔƾƦǳơ ǲƦǫ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ȁƗ ƨȇǁơƽȍơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǡȐƥƛ ńƛ
ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƔƢǼƯƗ ňƢŪơ ǺĈ ǰǷ ơƿƛ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨŻǂŪơ ǵƢŤ ƾǠƥ ǡȐƦǳơ ǲǐƷ ơƿƛ ƨƥȂǬǠǳơ ǺǷ ǢǴƦŭơ ȆǨǠƫ
."Ǻȇǂƻȉơ ƨŻǂŪơ œǰƫǂǷ ȄǴǟ ǒƦǬǳơ ǺǷ ȆƟơƾƬƥȏơ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Śǌȇȁ
Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ńƛ ơƽƢǼƬǇơ ơȂǸǯȂƷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ œǰƫǂǷ ǺǷ ơƆƽƾǟ ǹƗ ńƛ (S/2002/240
.Ǻƴǈǳơȁ ǵơƾǟȍơ śƥ ƪƷȁơǂƫ ƩƢƥȂǬǟ ǶȀǬŞ ƩǁƾǏȁ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ (ÏÑ)
ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÏ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ

ǶƟơǂƴǴǳ ƢƆǏƢƻ ƢƆƥƢƥ ƽǂǧƗȁ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ƽƾǟ ƢǸǯ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǝơȂǻƗ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ƽĈƾƷ
ƨƥƢǐǟ Ŀ ǭơǂƬǋȏơȁ ƶǴǈŭơ ǹƢȈǐǠǳƢǯ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǺǷȋƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƘƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ
138
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‐ ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻨﻴﺔ‬
ǒȇǂǠƫȁ ŚƴǨƬǳơȁ Ǫȇǂūơ ǲưǷ ǵƢǠǳơ ǂǘŬơ Ʃơƿ ǶƟơǂƴǴǳ ƢƆƥƢƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǎǐƻȁ ƨƸǴǈǷ
ǶƟơǂŪơȁ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ǲǬǻȁ Ƣđ ǁƢšȏơȁ ƩƢǠǫǂǨŭơ ƧǃƢȈƷȁ ǂǘƼǴǳ ƩȐǏơȂŭơȁ ǲǬǼǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ
ƢǿŚǣȁ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ Śǈƥ ƨǴƼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨǨȈǛȂǳƢƥ ƨǇƢŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơȁ ȆǷȂǬǳơ ƽƢǐƬǫȏƢƥ ƨǇƢŭơ
.ƨȇƽƢǟ ǶƟơǂƳ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƢǿŐƬǠȇȁ
.(S/2004/829 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǂǜǻơ)
ƨȈŷƗ ǃơǂƥƜƥ ƢǷƢǸƬǿơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƽȂȀƳ Ɣơǃƛ řǸȈǳơ ǦǫȂŭơ Ŀ ǥƽƢǐǻȁ
.ƢȈǠȇǂǌƫ Ǿǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơ ƧơǃơȂŠ ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ȅǂǰǨǳơ ȅƾǐƬǳơ
ƣƢǿǁȎǳ ȅǂǰǨǳơ ȅƾǐƬǳơ Î

(S/2006/329 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇ
ǲǸǠƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ǥǂǘƬǳơ ƩƢȇƾŢ ƨȀƳơȂŭ ƢƆȈǇƢǇƗ ƗƾƦǷ ǁơȂūơ ŐƬǠƫ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǹƘƥ
ǁơȂū ǺȇǂŤƚǷ ƾǬǟ ńƛ ƩǁƽƢƥ ƾǫȁ .ƩƢǧƢǬưǳơȁ ƩơǁƢǔūơ śƥ ǶǿƢǨƬǳơȁ ǁơȂūơ ǶȈǫ ǄȇǄǠƫ ȄǴǟ
ƾǫȁ .ǹȂȈƥǂǣȁ ƣǂǟ ƔƢƥƽƗȁ ǹȁǂǰǨǷ ƢǸȀȈǧ ǭǁƢǋ ÏÍÍÑȁ ÏÍÍÐ śǷƢǠǳơ Ŀ ƩơǁƢǔūơ
ǩȂǘǼǷ ńƛ ƧǂǬǧ ƨǧƢǓƛ ǺǸǔƬȇ ƵǂƬǬŠ ƨȈǷȐǇȍơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƨǟȂǸů Ǻǟ ƨƥƢȈǻ ǺǸȈǳơ ƪǷƾǬƫ
.ƩƢǇƾǬŭơȁ ǹƢȇƽȋƢƥ ǅƢǈŭơ ǵǂŹ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǆǴů ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ǪǴǠƬŭơ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǝȁǂǌǷ
Ǟǧơƾƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ȄǴǟ ǒȇǂƸƬǴǳ ȅƾǐƬǴǳ ƩơȂǘƻ Ƨƾǟ ǺǸȈǳơ ǀƼƬƫȁ
ǝƢƦƫơȁ ǹƢȇƽȋơ ǵơǂƬƷơ ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ȆǸȈǴǠƬǳơȁ ȅȂƥǂƬǳơ ƾȈǠǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƤǐǠƬǳơȁ ǥǂǘƬǳơ
ǲƟƢǇȁ Ŀ ƨȈǼȇƽ ƲǷơǂƥ ƽơƾǟƛ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ĿƢǬưǳơȁ řȇƾǳơ ƾȈǠǐǳơ ȄǴǟȁ ǱơƾƬǟȏơȁ ƨȈǘǇȂǳơ ƲȀǼǷ
ǺǷ ȃȁƢƬǨǳơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ǁƾǏȁ .ǥǂǘƬǳơ ǂǿƢǜǷ ƾǬǻȁ ƶǷƢǈƬǳơ ǶȈǫ ǂǌǼǳ ƨǟȂǸǈŭơȁ ƨȈƟǂŭơ ǵȐǟȍơ
ǵȐǇȍơ ƝƽƢƦǷ ȂŴ ǾȈƳȂƬǳơ ǥƾđ ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ǥǂǘƬǳơȁ ƽƾǌƬǳơ ǀƦǻ ǹƘǌƥ ǺǸȈǳơ ƔƢǸǴǟ ƨȈǠŦ
.ƢƆƦȈǗ ƢƆƷƢų ƨƥǂƴƬǳơ ǽǀǿ ƪǬǬƷ ƾǫȁ .Ǻȇƾǳơ Ŀ ǥǂǘƬǳơȁ ȂǴǤǳơ ƤǼƴƬƥ ǝƢǼǫȍơȁ ƨƸǸǈǳơ
ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēǂǫƗ Ŗǳơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ Ŀ ƔƢƳ ƢǷ ǞǷ ǾƳȂƬǳơ ơǀǿ ȆǬƬǴȇȁ
ǥȁǂǜǳơ ƨŪƢǠǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ" ȏƆ ȁƗ ƾǼƦǳơ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ
ƨǳơƾǠǳơȁ ǵȐǈǳơ ƨǧƢǬưǳ ƲȇȁǂƬǳơ" ńƛ ǾǼǷ ƨưǳƢưǳơ ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ȃǟƾƫ ƮȈƷ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǁƢǌƬǻơ ńƛ ƨȇƽƚŭơ
ƨȈǼȇƾǳơ ǶȈǬǳơ ȁƗ ǹƢȇƽȋơ ǞȈŦ ǵơǂƬƷȏȁ řȇƾǳơȁ řǗȂǳơȁ ȆǫǂǠǳơ ƶǷƢǈƬǴǳȁ ƨȇǂǌƦǳơ ƨȈǸǼƬǳơȁ
ƲǷơǂƥ ǞȈƴǌƫȁ ǞǓȂƥ ƔƢǔƬǫȏơ ƤǈƷ ǵƢȈǬǳơ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ƩƢǧƢǬưǳơ ȁƗ ƩơƾǬƬǠŭơ ȁƗ
".ǞǸƬĐơ ƩƢǟƢǘǫ ǞȈŦ ǲǸǌƫ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǟȂƬǳơȁ ǦȈǬưƬǴǳ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Śƥơƾƫ Ï

ƧƾƸƬŭơ ƩƢȇȏȂǳơ Ŀ ÏÍÍÎ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ǺǷ ǂǌǟ ȅƽƢūơ ƭơƾƷƗ ƤǬǟ
ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ Ð ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǆȈƟǁ ǺǷ ƨǳƢǇǁ ńƛ ơƽƢǼƬǇơȁ ƨȈǰȇǂǷȋơ
139
.ǶȀǼǟ ŅƢŭơ Ƕǟƾǳơ Ǧǫȁ ƤŸ Ǻȇǀǳơ ƽơǂǧȋơȁ ƩƢǻƢȈǰǳơ ƾȇƾŢ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ńȂƫ ÏÍÍÎ
ǍƢƼǋȋơȁ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǡȐƥƛ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ Ǻǟ ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩƢȀȈƳȂƬǳơ ƪǼǸǔƫȁ
ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ƨȇƗȁ ƢǿƾȈǸš ǶƬȇ ƧƾǏǁƗ ƨȇƗ Ǻǟ ǡȐƥȍơȁ ǶēƢƥƢǈƷ ƾȈǸš ǶȀȈǴǟ śǠƬȇ Ǻȇǀǳơ
.ǶȀȈǧ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ƽơǂǧȋơȁ ƩƢǻƢȈǰǳơ ƔƢũƗ ƨǼǸǔƬŭơ ƨǸƟƢǬǳƢƥ ƽǁȁ ǶǇơ ȅƗ Ǻǟ ȃǂƻƗ
Ŀ ƨǴǷƢǠǳơ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩƖǌǼǷȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ƨǧƢǯ ńƛ řǸȈǳơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ǥǂǟơ" ƗƾƦŠ ƨǴǐƬŭơ ǖƥơȂǔǳơ ǱƢǸǟƛ śǠƬȇ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ
."ǮƫȐƴǇ ǚǨƷơ" ƗƾƦǷȁ "ǮǴȈǸǟ
Ò ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǁƾǏȁ
ȄǴǟ ȅȂǘǼȇ ǲǸǟ ǲǯ" ǾǻƘƥ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǾǼǷ Ï ƧƽƢŭơ ƪǧĈǂǟ ƾǫȁ ÏÍÍÐ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ
ƢȀǴȇȂŢ ȁƗ ƢǿǁƢǸưƬǇơ ȁƗ ƢŮơƾƦƬǇơ ȁƗ ƢȀǟơƾȇƛ ȁƗ ƢȀȈǧ ǥǂǐƬǳơ ȁƗ ƢēǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷƗ ƣƢǈƬǯơ
ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ǻǟ ƨǴǐƸƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǮǴƬǳ ȆǬȈǬūơ ǁƾǐŭơ ƔƢǨƻƛ ƾǐǬƥ
ȁƗ ƾǟƢǇ ȁƗ ǭǂƬǋơ ȁƗ ǵƢǫ ǺǷ ǲǯ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨŻǂŪ ƢƦǰƫǂǷ ƾǠȇȁ ".ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ (Ð)
:ƣƢǰƫǁơ ȄǴǟ ǂƬǈƫ ȁƗ ǑǂƷ
ǶƟơǂŪơ ȃƾƷƛ ƣƢǰƫǁơ Ǻǟ ƨšƢǼǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ƨǧƢǯ ȄǴǟ ƨǠǫơȂǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ȅƗ (Ɨ)
:ƨȈƫȉơ
.ǞǘǬƬǳơȁ ǥƢǘƬƻȏơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Î
ȁƗ ƨȈǳƢȈƬƷơ ǲƟƢǇȂƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǅȐƬƻơ ȁƗ ƨǫǂǈǳơ Ï
.ƨǻƢǷȋơ ƨǻƢȈƻȁ ƧȂǋǂǳơ
.ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƽƢǼǇȋơȁ ƩȐǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈũǂǳơ ǵƢƬƻȋơ ǦȈȇǄƫȁ ǂȇȁǄƫ Ð
.ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤǫƢǠǷ ƨǏƢƻ ǱơȂǷƗ ȄǴǟ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ Ñ
.ȆǯǂǸŪơ ƤȇǂȀƬǳơ Ò
.ƨƸǴǇȌǳ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǁƢšȏơȁ ƽơŚƬǇȏơ Ó
ǁƢšȏơ ȁƗ ǁȂǸŬơ ƨǟƢǼǏ ơǀǯȁ Ƣđ ǁƢšȏơ ȁƗ ƢȀǠȈǼǐƫ ȁƗ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ ƨǟơǁǃ Ô
.Ƣǟǂǋ ƨǷǂƄơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ Ƣđ
:(Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǺǷ ȅƗ Ǻǟ ƨŦƢǼǳơȁ ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǺǷ ǲǠǧ ȅƗ (ƣ)
ơǀǿ Ǻǟ ƣƿƢǯ ǂȇŐƫ ƔƢǘǟƛ ȁƗ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱơȂǷȌǳ ȆǬȈǬūơ ǁƾǐŭơ ƔƢǨƻƛ Î
.ǁƾǐŭơ
ǾȇȂŤ ȁƗ ƔƢǨƻƛ ǑǂǤǳ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ ƢĔƘƥ ǶǴǠǳơ ǞǷ ƢŮơƾƦƬǇơ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲȇȂŢ Ï
.ƨȈǳȁƚǈŭơ ȁƗ ƣƢǬǠǳơ ǺǷ ƩȐǧȍơ ȄǴǟ ǎƼǋ ƧƾǟƢǈǷ ȁƗ ƢǿǁƾǐǷ
140
Ɣơǂǌǳ ƢȀǨȈǛȂƫ ȁƗ ƢȀǷơƾƼƬǇơ ȁƗ ƢēǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǮǴŤ Ð

.ƨǳȂǬǼǷ Śǣ ȁƗ ƨǳȂǬǼǷ ǱơȂǷƗ
ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǵǄǳƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨŻǂŪ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ ơǀǿ ǞǷ ȅǃơȂƬǳƢƥȁ
ǺǷ ǩƢưȈƬǇȏơ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǺǷ ƽƾǠƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭƢƥ ƨǴǏ ƢŮ Ŗǳơ ȃǂƻȋơ ǺȀŭơȁ
ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ ƨǧƢǰƥ ǙƢǨƬƷȏơ ǞǷ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǞǷ ƢȀǬǧơȂƫȁ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǶēƢǧǂǐƫ ƨǷȐǇȁ ƔȐǸǠǳơ
ȏ Ƨƾŭ ƢƆȈƳǁƢƻ ȁƗ ƢƆȈǴŰ ǶƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȇƾǬǼǳơ ȁƗ ƨȇǁƢƴƬǳơ ƩƢǬǨǐǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ǶēƢȈǴǸǟȁ śǴǷƢǠƬŭƢƥ
.ǲǷƢǠƬǳơ ƔƢȀƬǻơ ƺȇǁƢƫ ǀǼǷ ƩơȂǼǇ ǆŨ Ǻǟ ǲǬƫ
ǵƢǠǳ ÑÕ Ƕǫǁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǚǧƢŰ ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ÏÍÍÐ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÎÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƥȁ
ƩƢǏƢǐƬƻơ ǾȈǧ ƽƾƷȁ "ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǞŦ ƧƾƷȁ" ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÐ
ÎÍÏ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ƢǸǯ .ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢƆȈǳȁƽ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ǖƥơȂǔǳơ Ǫǧȁ ƧƾƷȂǳơ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ
(S/2004/899) ǺǷȋơǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ Śǌȇȁ
ǺǷ ǆȈǳ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǱƢů Ŀ ǱƢūơ ǆǰǟ ȄǴǟȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ǱƢů Ŀ ǾǻƗ" ńƛ
ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ ǱƢǠǧƗ Ǻǟ ƨšƢǻ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ƨǷƾƼƬǈŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗ ȅǁȁǂǔǳơ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ǲǐŹ Ŗǳơ ǱơȂǷȋƢǧ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǮǴƫ ǲǈǣ Ļ ƾǫ ǹȂǰȇ ǹƗ ȅǁȁǂǔǳơ ǺǷ ǆȈǳ ǾǻƗ ƢǸǯ
ǺǷ ǆȈǳ ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǃƢƴƬƷơȁ ǥƢǘƬƻȏơ ƾǐǬƥ ƨƥƢǐǟ ȁƗ ƨǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ƨǳȁƽ ǺǷ ǎƼǌǳơ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǮǴƫ ǲǈǣ Ļ ƾǫ ǹȂǰȇ ǹƗ ȁƗ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ ǱƢǠǧƗ Ǻǟ ƨšƢǻ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗ ȅǁȁǂǔǳơ
ȁƗ ǥƢǘƬƻơ ƨŻǂƳ ǺǷ ƪǬǬŢ ơƿƛ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǶƟơǂƳ ǺǷ ƨȈƫƘƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ŐƬǟơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳƢǧ
ǵơƽ ƢǷ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǁƾǐǷ Ǻǟ ǂǜǼǳơ ǥǂǐƥ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǽǀǿ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƨȈǻ ŚǧȂƬƥ ȁƗ ǺƟƢǿǁ ǃƢƴƬƷơ
."ƨȈǷơǂƳƛ ǱƢǠǧƗ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ǑǂǤǳ ǵƾƼƬǈƫ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǽǀǿ ǹƗ
ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ ȄǴǟ Ƣǿƽǁ Ŀ Ʃǂǯƿ ƾǫ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ƪǻƢǯȁ
ǵǂš ȏ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ ǹƘƥ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǾƬǷƾǫ ȅǀǳơ Ǟƥơǂǳơ
ƢŠ ǥơȁ Śǣ řǸȈǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ ǹȂǰȇ Ľ ǺǷȁ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ Śǣ ǁƽƢǐǷ ǺǷ ƨȈƫƘƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ȃȂǇ
ǺǸȈǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƪưƷȁ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǺǷ (ƣ) ƨȈǟǂǨǳơ ƧǂǬǨǴǳ ǱƐƢǠǨǳơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳƢƥ ƶǸǈȇ
ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƨǜƷȐŭơ ǽǀǿ ȄǴǟ ơƆƽĈ ǁȁ .ƨǳƘǈŭơ ǽǀǿ ǍȂǐş ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƫ ƨǠƳơǂǷ ȄǴǟ
Ŀ ƪǬǧơȁ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨǷȂǰūơ ǹƗ (S/2006/329 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǆǷƢŬơ
ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƾƷȂǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǝȁǂǌǷ ƽơƾǟƛ ȄǴǟ ÏÍÍÒ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ Ï ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀƬǈǴƳ
Śǣ ȁƗ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ ǁƽƢǐǷ ǺǷ ƨȈƫƘƬŭơ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǺǷ ȅƗ ŉǂš ȄǴǟ ǎǼȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ
Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǺǷ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ƪƦǴǗȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ƣƢǰƫǁȏ ƧƾǠǷ ƨǟȁǂǌǷ
Ŀ ƨȈǼǨǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫ ƢǼȈȈǧ Ŀ ƨŻǂŪơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭƢƥ řǠŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƤƬǰǷ ƢȀǼǷȁ ƨǴǐǳơ
.ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƧǁǂǬŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ŚȇƢǠŭơȁ ƝƽƢƦŭơ ǞǷ ǶƴǈǼȇ ƢŠ ƾƷȂŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǝȁǂǌǷ ƽơƾǟƛ
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Ǟǧƾǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ ƨƦǫơǂǷ Śƥơƾƫ Ð

(S/2002/1213 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇ
:Ŀ ƨǴưǸƬŭơ ƨȇƾȈǴǬƬǳơ ǲƟƢǇȂǳơ Ȇǿ ǺǸȈǳơ Ŀ ƨȈǳƢūơ Ǟǧƾǳơ ǲƟƢǇȁ ǹƗ
.ƽȂǬǼǳơ Î
.ƩƢǰȈǌǳơ Ï
.ƩȏơȂūơ Ð
:ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ śǻơȂǬǳơ ƢȀǸǜǼƫȁ
.ÏÍÍÍ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÑ Ƕǫǁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Î
.ÎÖÖÍ ǵƢǠǳ Õ Ƕǫǁ ŅƢŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ï
.ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÏ Ƕǫǁ ȅǁƢƴƬǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ð
.ÏÍÍÏ ǵƢǠǳ (ÎÑ) Ƕǫǁ ňƾŭơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ñ
.ÎÖÖÒ ƨǼǈǳ (ÏÍ) Ƕǫǁ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ò
.ƨȈǧǂǐŭơ ǥơǂǟȋơ Ó
ǾǻƘƥ (S/2006/329) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ǲȇȂƸƬǳơ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ ǺǸȈǳơ Ŀ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩƢǯǂǋȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǱȁơǄƫ ƩȐȇȂƸƬǳơ ƨǸǜǻȋ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ"
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲȇȂƸƬƥ ǵȂǬƫȁ ƆƢȈŭƢǟ ƧƾǸƬǠŭơ ƨȈƦǇƢƄơȁ ƨȈǻȁǂƬǰǳȍơ ƨǸǜǻȋơ Őǟ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈǴƄơ
Ǻǟ ǡȐƥȍơȁ ƔȐǸǠǳơ ƨǧǂǠǷȁ ƩȐƴǈǳơ ǚǨŞ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬƥ ǵǄƬǴƫȁ
ǺǷ ƢƆǔǠƥ ǲǸǠǳƢƥ ƢŮ Ƶǂǐŭơ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩƢǯǂǋ ǅǁƢŤ Ǯǳƿ ƤǻƢƳ ńƛȁ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳơ
ȄǴǟ ȅǁȁƾǳơ ǊȈƬǨƬǳơ ǶƬȇȁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƫȁ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳ ƢǬǧȁ ǲȇȂƸƬǳơ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ
ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǈȈƟǂǳơ ƩƢƦǴǘƬŭơ ƨȈƦǴƫ ǲǨǰȇ ƢŠ ƩƢǯǂǌǳơ ǮǴƫ ǱƢǸǟƗ
".ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƨȈǳƢǷ ǢǳƢƦǷ ƱơǂƻƜƥ ƨȇƾǬǼǳơ ȆǴǷƢū ƶǸǈȇ ǾǻƜǧ ƨȇƾǬǼǳơ ƩȐȇȂƸƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ
ƩƢǻƢȈƥ ǀƻƗ ƾǠƥ řǸȈǳơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǺǷ ƨȈũǁ ƶȇǁƢǐƫ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ƨǧǁƢȈǐǳơȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ƨǏƢƻȁ
.ǲȇȂƸƬǳơ ǺǷ ǑǂǤǳơ ƨǧǂǠǷȁ Ʃơǁơǂǫƛȁ
ƩȐŰȁ ƩƢǯǂǌǳơȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ƨǧƢǰǳ ĿǂǐǷ ǁȂǌǼǷ ǾȈƳȂƬƥ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǵƢǫȁ
ƤǴǗȁ ƱǁƢŬơ ńƛ ǂưǯƗȁ ǁȏȁƽ ǥȏƕ ÎÍ ǲȇȂŢ ƾǼǟ ƩƢȇǂƸƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƜƥ ǺǸȈǳơ Ŀ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ
.ǲȇȂƸƬǳơ ǺǷ ƾȈǨƬǈŭơ Ǻǟ ƨǴǷƢǯ ƩƢǻƢȈƥ Ǯǳǀǯȁ ǲȇȂƸƬǳơ ƤƷƢǏ Ǻǟ ƨǴǷƢǯ ƩƢǻƢȈƥ
Ǻǟ ǡȐƥȍơ ƾǼǟ ƢȀǟƢƦƫơ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ǥǁƢǐŭơ ȄǴǟ ƤƳơȂǳơ ƩƢǸȈǴǠƬǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧȁ
ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǪȈƦǘƫ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ȄǴǟ ƤƳơȂǳơ ǹƜǧ ƨǿȂƦǌŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ
142
ƩƢȈǴǸǟ Ǻǟ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǞŦ ƧƾƷȁ ǡȐƥƛ ǪȇǂǗ Ǻǟ ƨǧơǂǐǳơ ƩȐŰȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ƢȀǼǸǓ ǺǷȁ
ǲȇȂŤ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǥƾȀƬǈƫ ƨȈǴǸǟ ȅƘƥ řǸȈǳơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ Ŀ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ
ǞȈŦ Ǻǟ ǹȂǰȇ ǡȐƥȍơ ǹƗ Ǯǳƿ ǺǷ ƶǔƬȇȁ .Ǯǳƿ ƾǯƚȇ ƢǷ ƢȀȇƾǳ ǪǬŢ ơƿƛ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
Ŗǳơ ǶƟơȂǬǳơ Ŀ ǶǿƙƢũƗ ƨƳǁƾŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǎţ ƪǻƢǯ ƔơȂǇ ƢȀȈǧ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ
ƩǂǧȂƫ ơƿƛ ȃǂƻȋơ ƩȐǷƢǠŭơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣ ȁƗ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ǥǁƢǐŭơ ńƛ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ƢȀǴȈŹ
.ǽƢƦƬǋȏơ ƩȏƢƷ
ƨǼȀǷ ǹƘǌƥ ǵÎÖÖÖ ƨǼǈǳ (ÏÓ) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǸǔƫ ƾǬǧ śƦǇƢƄơ ǲưǷ ƔƢǘǇȂǳơ ƢǷƗ
Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ƨǧƢǯ Ǻǟ ǡȐƥȍƢƥ ƤǇƢƄơ ǵơǄǳƛ (ÒÍ) ƧƽƢŭơ Ŀ ƩƢƥƢǈūơ ƨǠƳơǂǷȁ ǪȈǫƾƫ
.ǾǷƢȀǷ ƨȇƽƘƫ ƔƢǼƯƗ ƢȀǨǌƬǰȇ Ŗǳơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ
ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ǥǁƢǐŭơ ȃƾǳ ƨǟƽȂŭơ ǞƟơƽȂǳơ ƾȈǸš ƾǟơȂǫ

Ȑ
Ɔ ǐǧ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ǆǷƢŬơ ƣƢƦǳơ ǎǐƻ
ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼƴǴǳ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǃƢƳƗ ƾǫȁ .ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ
ƩƢȀŪơ ǺǷ ƤǴǘƫ ǹƗ Ǯǳƿ ǶǜǼƫ ƨȈƟƢǼƯ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ƤƳȂŠ ȃǂƻƗ ƨǳȁƽ ǺǷ ǁƽƢǏ ƩƢƥ ȆƟƢǔǫ ǶǰƷ
ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƢǿƾƟơȂǟȁ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǄƴƷ ȁƗ ƾȈǸš ȁƗ ƤǬǠƫ ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ śǻơȂǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ
.ƤǴǘǳơ Ŀ ƪƦǳƢƥ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȀŪơ ǵȂǬƫ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ǶƟơǂŝ ƨǘƦƫǂŭơȁ
ƨƦǳƢǘǳơ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǺǷ ǁƽƢǐǳơ Ǆƴūơ ȁƗ ƾȈǸƴƬǳơ ƤǴǗ Ŀ ǂǧơȂƬȇ ǹƗ ƤŸȁ
ȁƗ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǮǴƫ ǹƘƥȁ ǲȈƦǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ Śƥơƾƫ ƿƢţȏ ƨȈǧƢǯ ƢƆƥƢƦǇƗ ǭƢǼǿ ǹƘƥ ȏƆ ȂǬǠǷ ƢƆǇƢǇƗ
.ƧǁƽƢǐǸǴǳ ǞǔƼƬǇ ƩƢǰǴƬǸŭơ
ƨǘƦƫǂǷ ǱȂǏƗ ȁƗ ǱơȂǷƗ ƾȈǸƴƬƥ řǸȈǳơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ Ǻǟ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ǂǷȌǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥȁ
ǾƦƳȂŠȁ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǳơ ńƛ ǡȐƦǳơ ŉƾǬƫ ńƛ ǮǼƦǳơ ǁƽƢƦȇ ƧƽȂƳȂǷ ƨȈǳƢǷ ƨǈǇƚǷ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ
ƢǸǯ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƨǸǰƄơ ǆȈƟǁ ǺǷ ȆǜǨƸƬǳơ ǄƴūƢƥ ƨǔȇǂǟ ȄǴǟ ơƆǂǷƗ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǳơ ǁƾǐƬǈȇ
.ƨǸǯƢƄơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛȁ ƩƢǬȈǬƸƬǳƢƥ ǵƢȈǬǳơ śƷ ńƛ ƨȈǜǨŢ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ƿƢţơ ǵƢǠǳơ ƤƟƢǼǴǳ ǪŹ
ǝȁǂǌǷ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÑÕ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ƾǫȁ
ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨƸƟȐǳơ ǁơƾǏƜƥ ǍƢŬơ ȅǁȂȀǸŪơ ǁơǂǬǳơ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
ƧǁơǃȂƥ ƧƾƷȁ ƢƆǔȇƗ ƪǴǰĄǋ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÑÔ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ńƛ ơƽƢǼƬǇơȁ
ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ ǞǷ ǲǷƢǠƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƧǄȀƳȋơ ǦǴƬű śƥ ǪȈǈǼƬǳƢƥ ŘǠƫ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ
.ƢƆǔȇƗ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǞǷȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ
ÎÖÖÖ/ÎÏÓÔ ǁơǂǬǳƢƥ ƧƘǌǼŭơ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀŦ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƢƆǔȇƗ ǂǜǻơ)
.(S/AC.37/2003/(1455)/72 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ
143
ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ńƛ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ Śǌƫ śȈƥƢǿǁȎǳ ǺǷȉơ ƿȐŭơ ŚǧȂƫ ǞǼǷ ŚƥơƾƬƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ
Ñ Ƕǫǁ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǾƬƸƟȏȁ ƤǻƢƳȋơ ƨǷƢǫƛȁ ǱȂƻƽ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÑÔ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǰƷƗ
ǹȂǰƫ ȏƐ Ƙƥȁ ǪƦǈǷ ǹƿƜƥ ȏƛ ƽȐƦǳơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ǱȂƻƽ ǵƾǠƥ ǾǼǷ Ð ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫȁ .ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ
Ń ƢǷ śȈǼǸȈǳơ ŚǤǳ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ȆǓơǁȋơ ǱȂƻƾƥ ƶǸǈȇ ȏƗȁ śǟȂǼǸŭơ ƨǸƟƢǫ Ŀ ƨƳǁƾǷ ǶǿƙƢũƗ
ƤǻƢƳȋơ ǲȈƴǈƫ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǶƐǜǻȁ .ȆǴǏȋơ ǾǼǗȂǷ ǺǷ ƧŚǋƘƫ ȄǴǟ ǲǐƷ ƾǫ Ǻǰȇ
ƨǘǴǇ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ǂȇǃȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǱĈȂƻȁ .ƨǷƢǫȍơ ƾǟơȂǫȁ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ȆǓơǁƗ ǶŮȂƻƽ ƾǠƥ
.ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ Ŀ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǍȂǐǼŭơ ƽƢǠƥȍơ ƨǼŪ ǺǷ ǁơǂǫ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ œǼƳƗ ȅƗ ƽƢǠƥƛ
ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƩƢǈǇƚǷ ȃƾƷƛ Ȅǿȁ ƩơǃơȂŪơȁ ƧǂƴŮơ ƨƸǴǐǷ ńȂƬƫȁ
ǹȁƽ ƨǳȂǴȈƸǴǳ ƨȇǂƸƦǳơȁ ƨȇȂŪơȁ ƨȇŐǳơ ƽȁƾūơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨƦǫơǂǷ ȃǂƻȋơ ƨȈǼǷȋơ Ʃơǁơƽȍơ ǞǷ
ƔƢǌǻƜƥ řǗȂǳơ ǝƢǧƾǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏȁ .ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ȆǓơǁȋơ ńƛȁ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǟƢǸŪơ ǭǂŢ
ȁƗ ǂȇȁǄƫ ǞǼŭ ƨȈƟƢǫȁ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ Ʃǀţơȁ ƨƦǫơǂŭơ Śƥơƾƫ ǄȇǄǠƬǳ ƽȁƾūơ ƵȐǈǳ ƨǏƢƻ ƨƠȈǿ
ǺǷ ǹƢǯ ƢŲ ÎÖÖÔ ǵƢǟ Ŀ Ņȉơ ǃơȂŪơ ǁơƾǏƛ Ļ ƾǫȁ .ǂǨǈǳơ ǪƟƢƯȁȁ ƨȇȂŮơ ǪƟƢƯȁ ǦȈȇǄƫ
.ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳƛ ǄȇǄǠƫ ǾǻƘǋ
ƨƸǴǐǷ ńƛ ǶȀȈǧ ǾƦƬǌŭơ ȁƗ śƥȂǴǘŭơ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǹƘǌƥ ǾȈƦǼƬǳơ ƩơǁƢǠǋƛ ǢȈǴƦƫ ǶƬȇȁ
ƞǻơȂŭơȁ ƩơǁƢǘŭơ Ƣđ ǖƦƫǂƫ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȉơ ƨǰƦǌǳơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ Ǯǳƿȁ ƨȈǈǼŪơȁ ƩơǃơȂŪơȁ ƧǂƴŮơ
.śƥȂǴǘŭơ śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǹƘǌƥ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǗǂǌǴǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ǵȐǟƛ ǶƬȇ ƢǸǯ ǱȂƻƾǳơ ǕƢǬǻȁ
ƨȈǓȂǨǷ ƤƬǰǷȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ śƥ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǺǸȈǳơ Ŀ śƠƳȐǳơ ǞǷ ǲǷƢǠƬǳơ ǶƬȇȁ
ƢƆǬǧȁ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ƨǨǏ ƶǼŭ ƨȈǓȂǨŭơ ƢȀƬǠǓȁ Ŗǳơ ŚȇƢǠŭơ ƔȂǓ Ŀ śƠƳȐǳơ ǹȁƚǌǳ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ
.ÎÖÓÔ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥȁ (ÒÎ) ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏ
ȄǴǟ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ƢȀƬǠǫȁ Ŗǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǎǼƫ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
ȆǬȇǂǧȋơ ǹǂǬǳơ ǺǷ śƠƳȐǳơ ǲȈƴǈƫ ǶƬȇȁ .ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨǘǌǻƘƥ ǹȂǷȂǬȇ Ǻŭ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ǪƷ ƶǼǷ ǵƾǟ
ǪȈǫƾƫ ǶƬȇ ƢǸǯ śƠƳȐǳơ ǹȁƚǌǳ ƨȈǷƢǈǳơ ƨȈǓȂǨŭơ ǞǷ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ ǲǸǠƫ Ŗǳơ ǲȈƴǈƬǳơ ǄǯơǂǷ Ŀ
ǶƬȇȁ śƠƳȐǳơ ƨȈǈǼƳ Ǻǟ ȅǂƸƬǳơȁ ƨȈǐƼǌǳơ ƩȐƥƢǬŭơ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ƩƢƦǴǗ ǎƸǧ
.Ƣđ ǪƸǴŭơ ǱȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ ÎÖÒÎ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ŀ ƽƾƄơ ǁƢȈǠŭơ ƤǈƷ śƠƳȐǳơ ǄǯơǂǷ ƾȇƾŢ
ƨȈǓȂǨǷ ƤƬǰǷ śƥ ǶǿƢǨƫ ƧǂǯǀǷ ȄǴǟ ǞȈǫȂƬǳơ Ļ ÏÍÍÒ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ Ñ ƺȇǁƢƬƥȁ
ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ƔƢǌǻȍ ƨȈǈǼŪơȁ ƩơǃơȂŪơȁ ƧǂƴŮơ ƨƸǴǐŠ ƨǴưŲ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁȁ śƠƳȐǳơ
.ƨȈǼŻ ƩƢǜǧƢŰ ƪǇ Ŀ ǲȈƴǈƬǳơ ǄǯơǂǷ
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ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò

،‫ ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﲪﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﺧﺎﺋﺮ ﻭﺍﻻﲡﺎﺭ ﻬﺑﺎ‬١٩٩٢ ‫ ﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬٤٠ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
١٩٩٤ ‫ ﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬١ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻼﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﲟﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﳉﻤﻬﻮﺭﻱ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
ǽǁƾǐȇ ǎȈƻǂƬǳ Ƣđ ǁƢšȏơ ƨȈǴǸǟ ǞǔƻƗȁ ƨȇǁƢǼǳơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǲŧ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ Ƕǜǻ
.ƨƸƟȐǳơȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƨǨǳƢƼŭơ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ƧǁƽƢǐǷ ȄǴǟ ǎǻȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ ǂȇǃȁ
(S/2002/1213 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ǹȁƽ ƨǳȂǴȈƸǴǳ ƨȇŐǳơ ǀǧƢǼŭơȁ ƩơǁƢǘŭơȁ ƞǻơȂŭơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽƾǌǷ ƨƥƢǫǁ ǑǂǨƫ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǹƘƥ
ǞȈƥ ǺǯƢǷƗ ƨƦǫơǂǷ ǶƬƫȁ .ƨȈǳȉơ ƨƥƢǫǂǳơ ƧǄȀƳƘƥ ǀǧƢǼŭơ ǽǀǿ ƾȇȁǄƫ Ļ ƾǫȁ .ƨƸǴǇƗ ƨȇƗ ƣǂǈƫ
ƢǿƽơŚƬǇƢƥ Ƶǂǐȇ Ŗǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǲǬǻȁ ƽơŚƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ƨǷǁƢǏ ƨƥƢǫǁ ǑǂǨƫȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ
.ƨȇǂǰǈǠǳơȁ ƨȈǻƾŭơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ Ƣđ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷȁ ƨȈǸǼƬǳơ ƩƢǟȁǂǌǷ ǀȈǨǼƫ Ǒơǂǣȋ
ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ó

ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǆȈǇƘƫȁ ǵƢȈǫ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ (Î) Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǶǜǼȇ
ƩƢǟŐƬǳơ ȄǴǟ ơǀǯȁ ƢȀƬǘǌǻƗȁ ƢǿƽǁơȂǷȁ ƢȀƟƢǌǻƛ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǷȂǰƷ ƨƥƢǫǁ ǑǂǨȇȁ ƢȀƬǘǌǻƗȁ
ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǳơ ƾǠƥ ƨǬƦǈǷ ƨǬǧơȂǷ ȄǴǟ ǱȂǐūơ ǕǂƬǋơȁ .ƢǿƢǬǴƬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩơƾǟƢǈŭơȁ ƩƢƦŮơȁ
.ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ƢǿǁƾǐǷ
ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǞȈƴǌƫȁ ƨȇƢǟǁ ńƛ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǥƾȀȇ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
śǻơȂǬǳơȁ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǥơƾǿƗ ǦǳƢţ ȏƗ ȄǴǟȁ ƨǴǷƢǌǳơ ƨȈǸǼƬǳơ ǱƢů Ŀ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǴǿȋơ
.ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ
ǾǻƗ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ÏÐ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ (Ɨ) ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǎǼƫȁ
ǺǷ ǱơȂǷƗȁ ƨȈǼȈǟ ƩơƾǟƢǈǷ ȄǴǟ ǲǐŢ ǹƗ ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ǶǴǠƥ ƨȈǴǿƗ ƨǈǇƚǷ ȁƗ ƨȈǠŦ ȅȋ ǃȂŸ"
ƢŮ ǃȂŸ ƢǸǯ ǲƻơƾǳơ ǺǷ ƢǸȀǼǷ ƢȇƗ ǲưŻ ǺǷ ȁƗ ƨȈƦǼƳƗ ƨȀƳ ǺǷ ȁƗ œǼƳƗ ǎƼǋ ǺǷ ƱǁƢŬơ
."ƨȈǻƢǈǻƛ Ǒơǂǣȋ ƱǁƢŬơ ǺǷ ƩƢǸǜǼǷ ȁƗ ǍƢƼǋȋ ǂǯƿ ƢŲ ƢƆƠȈǋ ǲǇǂƫ ǹƗ ƧǁơǃȂǳơ ǶǴǠƥ
ǃƢȀŪơ ƨǠƳơǂŭ ƨǠǓƢŬơ ƩƢȀŪơ ǺǷ ƨȇŚŬơ ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ŐƬǠƫ ǂƻƕ ƤǻƢƳ ǺǷȁ
Ľ ǺǷȁ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǾƬƸƟȏȁ ÎÖÖÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÖ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳƢƥ Ȑ Ɔ Ǹǟ ƨƦǇƢƄơȁ ƨƥƢǫǂǴǳ ȅǄǯǂŭơ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ ƢŮ ǵƾǬƫ Ŗǳơ ƩơƾƷȂǴǳ ƨȈǷƢƬŬơ ƩƢƥƢǈūơȁ ƨȈǷȂǸǠǳơ ƩƢȈǻơǄȈŭơ ƨǠƳơǂŠ ǃƢȀŪơ ǎƬź
ƩƢƦŮơȁ ƶǼŭơ ƨƦǫơǂŠ ǃƢȀŪơ ǵȂǬȇ ƢǸǯ .ȃǂƻƗ ƧǄȈǷ ȅƗ ȁƗ ƨȈǼȈǟ ȁƗ ƨȇƾǬǻ ƧƾǟƢǈǷ ȁƗ ƨǻƢǟƛ
ƶƟơȂǴǳơȁ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǞǷ ƢȀǫƢǨƫơ ǺǷ ƾǯƘƬǴǳ ƨȈƳǁƢƻ ȁƗ ƨȈǴŰ ƩƢȀƳ ńƛ ȁƗ ǺǷ ƨǷƾǬŭơ ƩƢǟŐƬǳơȁ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƽȂǬǠǳơ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ Ǖȁǂǌǳơȁ Ƣđ ǱȂǸǠŭơ ƾǟơȂǬǴǳ ƢēƢǟơǂǷȁ ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ
.Ƣđ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ
145
ȅȂǼǇ ǂȇǂǬƫ ŉƾǬƬƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƢēơƾƷȁ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǵȂǬƫȁ
ƢȀƦƫƢǰǷ ƾƷƗ ȁƗ ǲǸǠǳơȁ ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơ ǹȁƚǌǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ńƛ ƨȈƟƢǬǴƫ ƧǁȂǐƥ ƨȈǳƢŭơ ƢēƢƥƢǈƷ Ǻǟ
.ƨȇȂǼǈǳơ ƢȀǴȈƴǈƫ ƧƽƢȀǋ ƾȇƾš ƤǴǗ ƾǼǟ
/ǹơǂȇǄƷ Î ƺȇǁƢƬƥ (ÐÐÖÕÖ) Ƕǫǁ ŘǸȈǳơ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ƢŷǁƾǏƗ śǸȈǸǠƬǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
ǮǼƦǳơ ǵȂǬȇ ÏÍÍÑ ŐǸǧȂǻ/ňƢưǳơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ ÏÑ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ (ÖÎÔÐÔ) Ƕǫǁȁ ÏÍÍÏ ǾȈǻȂȇ
ǞǼŤ Ŗǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǽǀđ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǵơǄƬǳơ ȃƾǷ ǺǷ ȅǁȁƾǳơ ǪǬƸƬǳƢƥ ǾȈǌƬǨǷ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ȅǄǯǂŭơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ Ŀ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơ ǽǀǿ ǱȐǤƬǇơ
ƩƢƥȂǬǟ ǞȈǫȂƫ ȄǴǟ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǟ ÎÏ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǎǻȁ
ǺǷ ƪƠǌǻƗ Ŗǳơ ǵƢȀŭơȁ ǥơƾǿȌǳ ƢȀƬǨǳƢű ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽƾǌǷ
.ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ śǻơȂǬǴǳ ƨǨǳƢű ǱƢǸǟƗ Ŀ ƢǿƽǁơȂǷ ǱȐǤƬǇơ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀ ȁƗ ƢȀǴƳƗ
ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ô

ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÏ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ǺǷ ƨưǳƢưǳơ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ
ƢȀƦǰƫǂǷ ƨȈǈǼƳ ƪǻƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ȄǴǟ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƨǧƢǯ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ȅǂǈȇ"
ƪǠǫȁ ŕǷȁ ƢŮ ƨǻȂǰŭơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǺǷ ǲǸǟ ǾȈǧ Ǟǫȁ ơƿƛ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ Ŀ ƨǧǂƬǬǷ ƨŻǂŪơ ƾǠƫȁ
ƪǠǫȁ Ȃǳȁ ƢȀȈǧ ǶǿƢǇ ǺǷ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ȅǂǈȇ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ Ŀ ƢȀǔǠƥ ȁƗ ƢȀǴǯ ƨŻǂŪơ
.ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ǾƬŷƢǈǷ
ǶǯƢƄơ ǎƬţȁ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ơǀǿ ȅǂǈȇ ƢǸǯ
."ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ Ƣđ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ
ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǲǐǨǳơ Ŀ řǸȈǳơ ǝǂǌŭơ ǱȁƢǼƫ ƾǫȁ
ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơȁ ǺǨǈǳơ ȄǴǟ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ǍƢǐƬƻơ ƾǟơȂǫ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ
ȆǐƼǌǳơ ǁƢȈǠŭơȁ ȆǸȈǴǫȍơ ǁƢȈǠŭơ ǹƘǌǳơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ǲǸǟƗ ƾǫȁ .ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơȁ
ǎƬţ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ÏÑÓ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫ ƱǁƢŬơ Ŀ ǞǬƫ Ŗǳơ ǶƟơǂƴǴǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƦǧ .řȈǠǳơ ǁƢȈǠŭơȁ
ƨŻǂƳ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ȄǔƬǬŠ ƾǠȇ Ȑ Ɔ Ǡǧ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ Ƥǰƫǁơ řŻ ǲǯ ƨǸǯƢƸŠ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ
."ǾȈǧ ƪƦǰƫǁơ ȅǀǳơ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ȄǔƬǬŠ ǾȈǴǟ ƢƆƦǫƢǠǷ ǲǠǨǳơ ǹƢǯȁ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ńƛ ƽƢǟ ơƿƛ
ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǶȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ Ƥǰƫǁơ ǺǷ ǲǯ ƨǸǯƢƸŠ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ǎƬţ" ǹƘƥ ÏÑÔ ƧƽƢŭơ ȆǔǬƫȁ
ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫ ǺǷ (ňƢưǳơ ƣƢƬǰǳơ ǺǷ Ǳȁȋơ ƣƢƦǳơ) Ŀ ǾȈǴǟ ǎǻ ƢŲ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǺǷƘƥ ƨǴű ƨŻǂƳ
ƨǳȁơƾƬǷ ƨȈǼǗȁ ƨǴǸǟ ǂȇȁǄƫ ȁƗ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢƠȈŮơ ȃƾƷƛ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǵƢƬƻƗ ǦȈȇǄƫ ȁƗ ƾȈǴǬƫ ƨŻǂƳ ȁƗ
."Ƣđ ǲǷƢǠƬǳơ ȁƗ ƲȇȁǂƬǳơ ƾǐǬƥ ƢēǃƢȈƷ ȁƗ ƢȀŸȁǂƫ ȁƗ ƢȀƳơǂƻƛ ȁƗ ƢƆǻȂǻƢǫ
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ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Õ

‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬
ÎÖÕÓ ǆǘǈǣƗ/ƣƕ ÏÒ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƪŤ (ÎÖÓÐ ȂȈǯȂǗ)
.ÎÖÕÓ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÓ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȅǂǈȇȁ
ǹȂǻƢǯ ȅƢǿȏ) ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ ÎÒ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƪŤ (ÎÖÔÍ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ
.ÎÖÕÓ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÖ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȅǂǈȇȁ ÎÖÕÐ
.ÎÖÕÓ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ ÏÖ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƪŤ (ÎÖÔÎ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ)
ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ ÏÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ǾȈǴǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƪŤ (ÎÖÕÕ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ) Ņȁƾǳơ ňƾŭơ
.ÏÍÍÍ
ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ò
ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƪŤ (ÎÖÔÐ ǭǁȂȇȂȈǻ) ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨƦǫƢǠŭơȁ ǹȂȈǇƢǷȂǴƥƾǳơ ǹȂǨǛȂŭơ
ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȃǂǈȇȁ ÎÖÕÓ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÏÎ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ
.ÎÖÕÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Ö ǺǷ
ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƪŤ (ÎÖÔÖ ǭǁȂȇȂȈǻ) ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ó
/ǃȂŤ ÎÑ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȅǂǈȇȁ ÏÍÍÍ ȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ ÏÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ
.ÏÍÍÍ ǾȈǳȂȇ
ƨȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨƷȐŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ô
ȅǂǈȇȁ ÏÍÍÍȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ ÏÍ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƪŤ (ÎÖÕÕ ƢǷȁǁ)
.ÏÍÍÍ ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÐÍ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ
ƨƬƥƢưǳơ ƩƖǌǼŭơ ƨǷȐǇ ƾǓ ƨȀƳȂŭơ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǞǸǫ ǱȂǯȂƫȁǂƥ Õ
ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƪŤ (ÎÖÕÕ ƢǷȁǁ) ȅǁƢǬǳơ ǥǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ƧƽȂƳȂŭơ
ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷ ÐÍ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȅǂǈȇȁ ÏÍÍÍȂȇƢǷ/ǁƢȇƗ ÏÍ
.ÏÍÍÍ
ƪŤ (ÎÖÖÔ ǭǁȂȇȂȈǻ) ǲƥƢǼǬǳƢƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƩƢǸƴŮơ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ö
ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȅǂǈȇȁ ÏÍÍÍ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ Ñ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢȀȈǴǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ
.ÏÍÍÎ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÏÐ ǺǷ ơǁƢƦƬǟơ
147
ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǳƢƬǳơ ƭȐưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ńƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȄǴǟ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů Ǫǧơȁȁ
ƽǁȁ ƢǸƦǈƷ [(ÐÖ) Ƕǫǁ ƨȇƽƢȈƬǟȏơ ƨǈǴŪơ] ÏÍÍÎ ǂƥȂƬǯƗ/Ǳȁȋơ Ǻȇǂǌƫ Ï ƨǈǴƳ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
:(S/2002/240 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ
ǲȇȂŤ ǞǸǬǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȐǳ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ÏÕÎ Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǫ Î
.(ÎÖÖÖ ǭǁȂȇȂȈǻ) ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ÏÕÏ Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǫ Ï
.(ÎÖÔÖ ƢǼȈȈǧ)
ƨȈǰȈƬǇȐƦǳơ ƩơǂƴǨƬŭơ ǄȈȈŤ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ ȄǴǟ ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ÏÕÐ Ƕǫǁ ǁơǂǫ Ð
.(ÎÖÖÎ ǱƢȇǂƬǻȂǷ) ƢȀǨǌǯ ǑǂǤƥ
.Ƣǿǁơǂǫȍ ƣơȂǼǳơ ǆǴů ǵƢǷƗ ƨǓȁǂǠǷ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ƪǳơǃ ȏȁ
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬

:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ƪǫĈƾǏ
Ƣŭ ƢƆǬǧȁȁ .ÎÖÖÖ Ŀ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ .ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ
ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƽǁȁ
ȄǴǟ ǪȇƾǐƬǴǳ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǱƢǸǰƬǇơ ȄǴǟ ƢƆȈǳƢƷ ǺǸȈǳơ ǲǸǠƫ (S/2006/329
ǶƟơǂŪơ ȄǴǟ ǒȇǂƸƬǳơ ŉǂš ƨǼǸǔƬŭơȁ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǺǷ Î ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ Ð ƧǂǬǨǳơ ǲȇƾǠƫ
ƢǿǀȈƦŢ ȁƗ ƢŮ ƲȇȁǂƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ƾȈǫ ǱơǄƫ ȏ .ÎÖÖÖ ǵƢǠǳ Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ
.ƨǇơǁƾǳơ
.(ÎÖÕÑ Ŀ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ļ) ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǴǳ ǑƢȇǂǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ
‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺝ‬

ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ƤǈŞ Ȇǿȁ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǸǯ (S/2002/1213
.(ƢƆǬƥƢǇ) ļƢȈǧȂǈǳơ ƽƢŢȏơȁ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ śƥ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Î
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơȁ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ śƥ ƩơǁƾƼŭơ ǱƢů Ŀ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï
.ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ
.ƢȈƦȈǳ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ð
.ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ñ
148
.ƢȈƥȂȈƯƛ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ò

.ǹƽǁȋơ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ó
.ǂǐǷ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ô
.ļȂƦȈƳ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Õ
.ǂƟơǄŪơ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ö
.ǂǘǫ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ÎÍ
.ƢȇǂƬȇǁƛ ǞǷ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ÎÎ
ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǱƽƢƦƫ ȄǴǟ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǎǼƫȁ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ
řǸȈǳơ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǵƢǜǼǳơ Ŀ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ

ǹƘƥ (S/2002/1213 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇ
ǺǷ ơƆƔǄƳ ŐƬǠƫ ŅƢƬǳƢƥȁ ǹȂǻƢǫ Ƣđ ǁƾǐȇ ƢȀȈǴǟ ǩƽƢǐƫ ȁƗ ǺǸȈǳơ ƢȀȈǳƛ ǶǔǼƫ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǲǯ
.ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ śǻơȂǬǳơ
ȄǴǟ" ƨǬǧơȂŭƢƥ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǵȂǬȇ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ (ƽ) ƧǂǬǧ ÎÐÒ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ǍƢǐƬƻơ Ǫǧȁ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǆȈƟǁ ȁƗ ƣơȂǼǳơ ǆǴů ȄǴǟ ƢȀǓǂǟ ǲƦǫ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ
."ƢǸȀǼǷ ǲǯ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ ȄǴǟ ƣơȂǼǳơ ǆǴů ǩƽƢǐȇ" ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÖÎ ƧƽƢŭơ ǎǼƫȁ
ƨǏƢƻ ƢǿơȂƬǈǷ ȁƗ ƢȀǴǰǋ ǹƢǯ ƢƆȇƗ ǵƢǠǳơ Ņȁƾǳơ ǞƥƢǘǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơȁ ƨǇƢȈǈǳơ
ƢȀȈǴǟ ƤƫǂƬƫ Ŗǳơ ȁƗ ƽȁƾūơ ǲȇƾǠƫ ȁƗ ǶǴǈǳơȁ ƶǴǐǳơ ȁƗ ǦǳƢƸƬǳơ ȁƗ ǝƢǧƾǳƢƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ǮǴƫ
."ǹȂǻƢǫ ǁơƾǏƛ ńƛ ƢǿǀȈǨǼƫ ƱƢƬŹ Ŗǳơ ȁƗ ƨǳȁƾǳơ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǳƢǷ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳơ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ȄǴǟ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǆȈƟǁ ǩƽƢǐȇ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǺǷ ÎÎÕ ƧƽƢŭơ ǺǷ ÎÐ ƧǂǬǨǴǳ ƢƆǬƦǗȁ
.ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ƨǬǧơȂǷ ƾǠƥ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů Ǫȇƾǐƫ ńƛ ƱƢƬŢ ȏ Ŗǳơ
ƢȀƬǷǂƥƗ Ŗǳơ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ƽȂǼƥ Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƧƽǁơȂǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ śǸǔƫ Ļ ƾǫȁ
ńƛ ƨȈǼǷȋơȁ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƢēƢǈǇƚǷ ǱȐƻ ǺǷ ǺǸȈǳơ ȄǠǈƫȁ .ȃǂƻƗ Ǳȁƽ ǞǷ ǺǸȈǳơ
.ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ǍȂǐǻȁ ǵƔơȂƬȇ ƢŠ ƢȀǔǠƥ ǲȇƾǠƫ ȁƗ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǺĈ Ǉ
ǺǸȈǳơ Ŀ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƬǳ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǅƢǇȋơ ǹȂǰȇ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǹƘǋ Ŀȁ
Ǿǻȋ ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ǺǸȈǳơ ƾǠȇ Ŗǳơ ǥơǂǗȋơ ƧƽƾǠƬǷȁ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƩơƾǿƢǠŭơ Ȃǿ
ǺǸȈǴǳ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ ǺǷ ƗǄƴƬȇ ȏ ơƆƔǄƳ ƶƦǐƫ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǽǀǿ ȄǴǟ ƨǫƽƢǐŭơ ƽǂƴŠ
.ƢǿǀȈǨǼƬƥ ƨǷǄǴǷ ǹȂǰƫȁ
149
ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫ ǶƬȈǧ ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ȅƗ Ŀ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƪǈȈǳ Ŗǳơ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ƢǷƗ
(S/2003/1037 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ ǂǜǻơ) (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǬǳ ơƆǀȈǨǼƫ ƨǳƽƢƦƬŭơ
ǺǷȋơȁ ǶǴǈǳơ ǪȈǬƸƬƥ ƨǗȂǼŭơ Ƨơƽȋơ Ȃǿ ǆǴĐơ ǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů Ʃơǁơǂǫȁ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǺǷ ƽƢǨƬǈȇȁ .śȈǳȁƾǳơ
ǲǷƢǠƬǳơ ǹȂǰȇ ƨȈƟƢǼƯ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ ǺǸȈǳƢƥ ƢȀǘƥǂƫ ȏ Ŗǳơ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ǾǻƗ (S/2004/899 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)
.ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳ ƢƆǬǧȁȁ ǲưŭƢƥ ƨǴǷƢǠŭơ ƗƾƦŭ ƢƆǬǧȁ
ȏƆ ƢǸǟƛ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǒǧǂƫ ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ǺǸȈǳơ ǹȂǰƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǁƢǗƛ Ŀȁ
ǒǧǂƫ ǺǸȈǳơ ǹƗ ǂǯǀǳƢƥ ǂȇƾƳȁ .ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ Ŀ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǵƾǠƥ ȆǔǬȇ ȅǀǳơ ǵƢǠǳơ ƗƾƦǸǴǳ
ȁƗ ǂǏƢǼǠǳƢƥ ǪǴǠƬȇ ƢǸȈǧ ƢǷƗ ƢǿǁȂƬǇƾǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨȈƳǁƢƻ ƨȀƳ ȅȋ řŻ ǺǗơȂǷ ȅƗ ǶȈǴǈƫ
ǍƢŬơ ÎÐÔÐ Ƕǫǁ ǺǷȋơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ Ŀ ƔƢƳ ƢŠ ƨǷǄǴǷ ƢĔƜǧ śȈǼǸȈǳơ Śǣ ǍƢƼǋȋơ
ƗƾƦǷ ǪȈƦǘƬƥ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨǷȂǰūơ ǵǄƬǴƫ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ ǵƾǟ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀȁ ǲƥƢǬŭơ Ŀȁ .Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢƥ
ǩƢǘǼǳơ Ŀ řŻ Śǣ ȁƗ ƢƆȈǼŻ ǹƢǯ ƔơȂǇ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ƨŻǂƳ ȅƗ Ŀ ǾǗǁȂƫ ƪƦƯ ǺǷ ǲǰǳ ƨǸǯƢƄơ
.řǸȈǳơ ȆǸȈǴǫȍơ
ǹƗ (S/2006/324 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇȁ
ȅǀǳơ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƬǳ ƧƾƷȂŭơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǝȁǂǌǷ ǶǴǈƫ ǁƢǜƬǻơ Ŀ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ
ȄǴǟ śǷǂĐơ ǶȈǴǈƫ ǹȂǻƢǬǳ řǸȈǳơ ǝȁǂǌŭơ ƽơƾǟȍ Ǿƥ ƽƢǋǂƬǇȏơ ǶƬȈǇȁ ƆƢȈǳƢƷ ǽƽơƾǟƛ ȃǂŸ
.ǾƟȂǓ
ƨȈǼǨǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ
ǺǷȋơ ǆǴĐ ƨǠƥƢƬǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƢǿǂȇǂǬƫ Ŀ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ƪƸǓȁƗ
ƤȇǁƾƬǳơ ŉƾǬƫ Ȇǿ ƨȈǼǬƬǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ǺǷ ƧƽƢǨƬǇȏơ Ƣđ ǺǰŻ Ŗǳơ ǩǂǘǳơ ǲǔǧƗ ǹƗ (S/2006/329)
ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƨǷƔơȂǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƿƢǨǻƛ ǱƢů Ŀ śǴǷƢǠǴǳ ȆƳǁƢŬơȁ ȆǴƄơ ǵǃȐǳơ
Ŀ řǨǳơ Ƕǟƾǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǱƢů Ŀ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǞǷ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ
ƧƾƷȂǳ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƲǷơŐǳơȁ ǂƫȂȈƦǸǰǳơ ƧǄȀƳƗ ŚǧȂƫ ǱƢů
.Ƣđ ǲǸǠǳơ ȄǴǟ śǐƬƼŭơ ǲȈǿƘƫȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǟ Ǻǟ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǞŦ
ƢȀǴǸǠǳ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ǺǷ ǂǓƢūơ ƪǫȂǳơ Ŀ řǨǳơ Ƕǟƾǳơ ơǀǿ ƤǴǘƥ ǺǸȈǳơ ȆǨƬǰƫȁ
ƪǻƢǯ ƨǷƾǬŭơ ƩơƾǟƢǈŭơ ǹƗ ȃǂƫ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƩƢǘǴǈǳơ ǹƘƥ ƢƆǸǴǟ ǾǴȇȂŤȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǏ
.ǺǸȈǳơ ƩƢƳƢȈƬƷơ ƨȈƦǴƫ Ǻǟ ƧǂǏƢǫ
ƨǷǃƗ Ƨǁơƽƛ Ǫȇǂǧ :ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƢŪ Ö

ǹƘƥ (S/2002/1213 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ) ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇ
ǃƢȀƳȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ƕǈǫȁ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǺǷȌǳ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǃƢȀŪơ Ŀ ǲưǸƬƫ ƧǄȀƳȋơ ǺǷ ơƆƽƾǟ
.ƨǷȂǰūơ ƢǿǁǂǬƫ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơȁ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƩƢǇƢȈǈǳơ Ǫǧȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ǞǴǘǔƫ ȆǷȂǬǳơ ǺǷȋơ
150
ƧǄȀƳȋơ śƥ ǪȈǈǼƬǴǳ ƨǷǃƗ Ƨǁơƽƛ Ǫȇǂǧ ǲȈǰǌƫ ǶƬȇ Ǯǳƿ ƨƳƢūơ ȆǟƾƬǈƫ ƢǷƾǼǟȁ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǷƢǠǳơ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒÖ Ƕǫǁ ȅǁȂȀŦ ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏȁ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ Ŀ ǾȈǳƛ ǁƢǌŭơ ǁơǂǬǴǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ǽǀǿ ƨǸȀǷ ǲưǸƬƫȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǞƦƬƫ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣȁ
.ƨǸǜǼŭơ ƨŻǂŪơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ
ǂǨǈǳơ ƩơǃơȂƳȁ ǹƢǸƬƟȏơ ƩƢǫƢǘƥȁ ƨǴǸǠǳơ ǂȇȁǄƫȁ ǦȈȇǄƫ ǶƟơǂƳ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ
.ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ ǺǷ ƢǿŚǣȁ ǦȇǂǠƬǳơ ƩƢǫƢǘƥȁ
.ƨǸǜǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ȆǬǴƫ
śǻơȂǬǳơȁ ƨǸǜǻȌǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ƨǬȇƾǐǳơȁ ƨǬȈǬǌǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ Ŀ ƨǐƬƼŭơ ƧǄȀƳȋơ ǞǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǳơ
.ƢȀȈǧ ƢƆǧǂǗ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǹȂǰƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƧǀǧƢǼǳơ
ǞǷ ǪȈǈǼƬǳƢƥ ƨǸǜǼŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƢȇƢǔǫ Ŀ ǶȀǗǁȂƫ Ŀ ǾƦƬǌŭơȁ śǷǂĐơ ƤǬǠƫ
.ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢȀŪơ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÑÔ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ ǁƾǏ ƢǸǯ
ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ƨǬƷȐŭ ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǖƥơȂǔǳơ ÎÍ

ǺǷȋơ ǆǴƴŠ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ǵƾǬŭơ ǆǷƢŬơ ǺǸȈǳơ ǂȇǂǬƫ ƾȈǨȇ
ǩȂǬŞ ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơȁ śǼǗơȂŭơ ǺǷ ƽƾǟ ǺǷ ƩƢǸǴǜƬǳơ ǒǠƥ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ǾǻƗ (S/2006/329)
ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƨǳƢƷ ǱȂƷ ǪƟƢǬūơ ȆǐǬƬǳ ƧǁȂǯǀŭơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƪǴǰǋ ƢȈƳǁƢƻȁ ƢȈǴƻơƽ ǹƢǈǻȍơ
:ļȉơ ƪǼǸǔƫ ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơȁ ƲƟƢƬǼǳơ ǺǷ ƾȇƾǠǳƢƥ ƪƳǂƻ ƾǫȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍƢƥ ǪǴǠƬƫ ǶȀƬƥ ǺȇǄƴƬƄơ
ǂȇǂǬƫȁ ǃƢƴƬƷȏơ ǺǯƢǷƗ ńƛ ǱƢǬƬǻȏơȁ ƢȇƢǔǬǳơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ Î
.ƨǳƢƷ ǲǯ ǹƘǌƥ ƢǻȂǻƢǫ ƤƳơȂǳơ
ƾǫ ƩȏƢǬƬǟȏơ ǹƗ ǹȂǟƾȇ Ǻȇǀǳơ śǬǴǠƬŭơ ȃȁƢǰǋ Ŀ ǪȈǬƸƬǳơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨƥƢȈǼǳơ ƧǂǋƢƦǷ Ï
.ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ƾǟơȂǫ ǁƢǗƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƪŤ
ǱȂƷ ǆǴĐơ ńƛ ǂȇǂǬƫ ŉƾǬƬƥ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǺǷȌǳ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǃƢȀŪơȁ ƨȈǴƻơƾǳơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǵơǄǳƛ Ð
.ƩƢȈǏȂƬǳơ ǽǀŮ ơǀȈǨǼƫ ǀƼƬƬǇ Ŗǳơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ
ǡȐƥƛȁ ȃǂƻȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơȁ ȂǷƢǻƢƬǻơȂǣ Ŀ śǴǬƬǠŭơ ƢȇƢǔǫ ƨǠƥƢƬŠ ƨȈƳǁƢŬơ Ƨǁơǃȁ ǵơǄǳƛ Ñ
.ǶĔƘǌƥ ǶƬȇ ƢŠ ǆǴĐơ
ǩȂǬƷ Ƨǁơǃȁ ƪƠǌǻƗ ƾǬǧ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬŞ ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǵƢǸƬǿȏ ơƆƾȈǈšȁ
.ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬū ƨȈǻȂǻƢǬǳơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨǳƢǨǯ ȄǴǟ ǂȀǈǴǳ ǹƢǈǻȍơ
151

ǺǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀŦ ǁȂƬǇƽ
ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǶǿƗ
.ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ƩƢǸȈǜǼƬǳơȁ ƣơǄƷȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÓÓ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ǞǘǬƬǳơȁ ǥƢǘƬƻȏơ ǶƟơǂƳ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÕ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÑ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ƩƢƥȂǬǠǳơȁ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÏ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ƨȈƟơǄŪơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÐ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
Ñ Ƕǫǁ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ǾƬƸƟȏȁ ƤǻƢƳȋơ ƨǷƢǫƛȁ ǱȂƻƽ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÎ ǵƢǠǳ ÑÔ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ÎÖÖÑ ǵƢǠǳ
.ƨȈǴǿȋơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÎ ǵƢǠǳ Î Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
.ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǹƘǌƥ ÎÖÖÏ ǵƢǠǳ ÑÍ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ƩƢǷȂǴǠŭơ ǞŦ ƧƾƷȁ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ" ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ ÑÕ Ƕǫǁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ ǚǧƢŰ ǁơǂǫ
."ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƩƢȈǴǸǠǳ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÍÏ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ
ÐÒ Ƕǫǁ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƨȇǀȈǨǼƬǳơ ƨƸƟȐǳơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÒ ǵƢǠǳ ÏÑÕ Ƕǫǁ ƔơǁǃȂǳơ ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÐ ǵƢǠǳ
ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǷƢǠǳơ Ƨǁơƽȍơ ƔƢǌǻƜƥ ÏÍÍÑ ǵƢǠǳ ÎÒÖ Ƕǫǁ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǆȈƟǁ ǁơǂǫ
.ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǾȈǻȂȇ/ǹơǂȇǄƷÎ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ÐÏÖÕÖ Ƕǫǁ ȅǄǯǂŭơ ǮǼƦǳơ Ǻǟ ǁƽƢǐǳơ ȅǁȁƾǳơ ƣƢƬǰǳơ
.ƨȈǷȂǰūơ Śǣ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸƴǴǳ ƨȈƦǇƢƄơ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǹƘǌƥ ÏÍÍÏ
152
ƨŤƢƻ
ƩǃȁƢš ǹƗ ƾǠƥ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƨǘǌǻȋơ ƧǁȂǘƻ ǁƢǠǌƬǇơ ȄǴǟ Ņȁƾǳơ ǝƢŦȍơ ƾǬǠǼȇ
ǵƾǿ ǱȂǠǷ ǲǰǌƫȁ ƨǧƢǯ ƩơǁƢǬǳơ ƽƾē ƨȈǼǗȁ Őǟ ƧǂǿƢǛ ƪƫƢƥȁ ȆǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ȆǴƄơ ǩƢǘǼǳơ
ƨȇƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ƢȀƬȈǸǼƫ ǪȈǬŢ Ŀ ƣȂǠǌǴǳ ƨǟȁǂǌŭơ ǱƢǷȊǳȁ ƧǂǬƬǈŭơ ƨȈǇƢȈǈǳơ ƨǸǜǻȌǳ
ƨȈǟƢǸƬƳȏơȁ
ƩƢƦǴǘƬŭơ ǺǷ ơƆƽƾǟ ǑǂǨȇ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƧǁȁǂǓ ǱȂƷ Ņȁƾǳơ ǝƢŦȍơ ƽƢǬǠǻơȁ
ƧƢȈūơ ȆƷƢǼǷ ƨǧƢǯ ǲǸǌƬǳ ǒƄơ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǁƢǗȍơ ǃȁƢƴƬƫ ƩƢƦǴǘƬǷ Ȇǿȁ ǾƫƢȇƢǣ ǡȂǴƦǳ
ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ" ǾƬǫƢǇ ƢǷ ȂŴ ȄǴǟ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǫȐǠǳơ ƩƢȇǂƴŠ ƨǬȈǐǳ ƧǁȂǐƥ ǖƦƫǂƫȁ
ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ Ó Ŀ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƧƾƸƬŭơ
.Ƣđ ƨǬƸǴŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻȁ ÏÍÍÓ
ǾǻƜǧ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƽȂȀŪ řǷȋơȁ ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤǻƢŪơ ǱȁƢǼƫ ȄǴǟ ƢǻǂǐƬǫơ ơƿƛȁ
ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƾǳ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȂƬǇƾǳơ ǪƟƢƯȂǳơ ƨǠǳƢǘǷ ǺǷ ƽƢǨƬǈȇ
ƢȀǰǈŤ ǺǴǠƫ ƢĔƗ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀŮ ƨǼǴǠŭơ ǦǫơȂŭơ ǺǷȁ ƢȀȈǳƛ ƨǸǔǼŭơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ǺǸȈǳơȁ
ƧǁƽƢǐǳơ ƩơǁơǂǬǳơȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ Ŀ ƨǴưǸƬŭơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ƣơƾǿƘƥ
Ŀ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ ȄǴǟ ƢȀǷǄǟ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ǺǴǠƫȁ .Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨǸǜǼǷ Ǻǟ
ńƛ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ǶǜǠǷ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ŀ Ǯǳƿ ǆǰǠǻơȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ
ǦȈȈǰƬǳ ƨƫȁƢǨƬǷ ƩƢƳǁƾƥ ƢȀȈǠǇ Ŀȁ Ƣǿǂǯƿ ǪƦǇ Ŗǳơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ƨȈƦǳƢǣ
ƢȀƬǷƾǫ Ŗǳơ ǂȇǁƢǬƬǳơ Ŀ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ǒǠƥ ƪƥǂǟƗ ƾǫȁ .ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǽǀǿ ǵƢǰƷƗ Ǫǧȁ ƢēƢǠȇǂǌƫ
ƪǈǸƬǳơȁ ƨȇǁȁǂǔǳơ ƨȈǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ƩȐȇƾǠƬǳơ ǱƢƻƽƛ Ŀ ƢȀƬƦǣǁ Ǻǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ
ŘǠŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƤƬǰǷ" ǲƦǫ ǺǷ ƢǸȈǇ ȏȁ ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ ƢŮ ƨȈǼǨǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫ
Ʃơǁȁƽ ǺǷ ǲǷƢǰƬǷ ƲǷƢǻŐƥ ȆǠȇǂǌƬǳơ ǂȇȂǘƬǳơ ơǀǿ ǲǸǰƬǈĄȇ ǹƗ ȄǴǟ "ƨŻǂŪơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭƢƥ
ļƘƫ ƮȈŞ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ řǷȋơ ǺȇƾȈǠǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨǨǴƬƼŭơ ƩƢȈǳȉơ ǲǸǌƫ ƨȈƦȇǁƾƫ
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆŭƢǠǳơ ǾƳȂƬǳơ ǞǷ ƨǸǣƢǼƬǷȁ ƧƾƷȂǷ ƢȀȈǴǠǨƫ ǲƟƢǇȁȁ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ
.ǾȈǼƦƫ ȄǴǟ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƪǬǧơȂƫ ȅǀǳơ
ƧŚƦǯ ƢƆǗơȂǋƗ ƪǠǘǫ Ǳȁƽ ƩơŐƻ ǺǷ ƽƢǨƬǈȇ ƢǷ ȂŴ ȄǴǟȁ ǥƾŮơ ơǀǿ ǪȈǬŢ ǹƛ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ ƢȀǼǷ ƨȈǇƢǇƗ ǁȁƢŰ Ƨƾǟ ǱȂƷ ƢƆǨưǰǷ Ȑ
Ɔ Ǹǟ ƤǴǘƬȇ ǱƢĐơ ơǀǿ Ŀ
ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơȁ ǁȂƬǇƾǳơ Ŀ ƧǂƯƢǼƬŭơ ǵƢǰƷȋơȁ ƾǟơȂǬǳơ ǂǐƷ
ƩƢǠȇǂǌƬǳơ Ŀ ƢēơŚǜǼƥ ƢȀƬǻǁƢǬŭ ơƾȈȀŤ ƨȈǷơǂƳƛ ƨǘǌǻƗ ǺǷ Ǿƥ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ǱƢů Ŀ ƩơƾƴƬǈŭơ ƨƦǯơȂŭ ƧŚƻȋơ ƨǻȁȉơ Ŀ ƩǁƾǏ Ŗǳơ ǮǴƫ ǎƻȋƢƥȁ ƨǻǁƢǬŭơ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ
153
ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ Ʃơǁơǂǫȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ƢȀƬǼǸǔƫ Ŗǳơ ǵƢǰƷȋơ ƨǇơǁƽ
ǽǀǿ ǶǰŢ Ŗǳơ ǖƥơȂǔǳơȁ ƨȈǷơǂƳƛ ƨǘǌǻƗ ǺǷ Ǿƥ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǹƘǌƥ
ƢȀǼȈƥ ƢǸȈǧ ǑǁƢǠƫ ȁƗ ǁȂǐǫ ǺǷ ƾƳȂȇ ƾǫ ƢǷ ƨǳơǃƛȁ řǗȂǳơ ǞȇǂǌƬǳơ Ŀ ƨƸǧƢǰŭơ
ǲȈǳƾǳơ ǹƗ Ŀ Ǯǋ ƨť ǆȈǳȁ .ƨȈǳȁƾǳơȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨȈǟǂǌǳơ ǺǷ Ȑǯ ǪǧơȂƬǳ
ƨǠƳƢǻ ƧơƽƗ ǲưŻ ƨŻǂŪơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭƢƥ řǠŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƤƬǰǷ ǽƾǟƗ ȅǀǳơ ȆǠȇǂǌƬǳơ
.ǁƢǸǔŭơ ơǀǿ Ŀ
ǲǨǰȇ ƢŠ ƨȈǼǠŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ śƥ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơȁ řǷȋơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ƨǷȂǜǼŠ ǍƢƻ ǵƢǸƬǿơ ƔȐƥƛ
ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ ŚǧȂƫ ƢȀǟȂǫȁ ƨǳƢƷ Ŀȁ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ƣƢǰƫǁơ ƩȏȁƢŰ ǑƢȀƳƛ
ƾȇǂš ƣȂƳȁ ǂǷȋơ ơǀđ ǲǐƬȇȁ .ƾƷơȁ ǹƕ Ŀ ƨǳƽƢǟȁ ƨǟƽơǁ ƨǸǯƢŰ ƔơǂƳȍ ƨǷǃȐǳơ
ƢǿǁƢƦƬǟƢƥ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳƔƢǈǸǴǳ ƢȀȈƦǰƫǂǷ Ǟǔź ƢŠ ȆǇƢȈǈǳơ ǞƥƢǘǳơ ǺǷ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǶƟơǂƳ
ƔơȂǇ ƾƷ ȄǴǟ Ņȁƾǳơ ǺǷȋơȁ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ǺǷȋơ ȄǴǟ ƧǁȂǘƻ ƨȇƽƢǠǳơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǂưǯƗ ǺǷ
ƩȐǧƛ ǹȁƽ ǱȂŹ ƢŠ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ǶǯƢƄơ ǍƢǐƬƻơ ƨȇȏȁ ǞȈǇȂƫ ȅǃơȂƬǳƢƥ Ǯǳƿ ǞƦƬƬǈȇȁ
ƧǀǧƢǻ "ƨǸǯƢƄơ ȁƗ ǶȈǴǈƬǳơ" ƧƾǟƢǫ ǹȂǰƫȁ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǸǯƢƄơ ǺǷ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǂǏƢǼǠǳơ
Ȇǿ ƢǸǯ ȆǸȈǴǫȍơ ǹȁƽ ƾȈǠǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ǶƟƢǬǳơ ǆǻƢƴƬǳơ ǲƐ Ǡǳȁ .ƔƢǼưƬǇơ ǲƦǬȇ ȏ ǲǰǌƥ
ƨȈǻƢǰǷƛ ǺǷ ǃǄǠȇ ǺǸȈǳơȁ ĺǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƾǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ǱƢūơ
ǶƟƢǫ Ȃǿ ƢǷ ǁơǂǣ ȄǴǟ "ǭǂƬǌŭơ ȆƟƢǔǬǳơ ǱƢĐơ"ºƥ ǾƬȈǸǈƫ ȄǴǟ ƶǴǘǏơ ƢǷ ƔƢǌǻƛ
.ĺȁǁȁȋơ ƽƢŢȏơ Ǳȁƾǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ
œǴȇ ƮȈŞ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǽǀǿ Ŀ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ǃƢȀŪ ƮȇƾƸƬƥ ǾǴǯ Ǯǳƿ ǹǂƬǬȇ ǹƗ śǠƬȇȁ
ƔơȂǇ ƨȈǫơƾǐŭơ Ʃơƿ ƧƾȈǋǂǳơ ƨǳơƾǠǴǳ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ŚȇƢǠŭơ ƩƢƦǴǘƬǷ ƢȀǼǷ ƨǳȁƽ ǲǯ Ŀ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ǪǧǂǷ
ƢȀǴǷƢǠƫ Ŀ ȁƗ ƨƦǇƢǼŭơ ƨƥƢƴƬǇȏơ ƢēƢƦǴǗ ȄǬǴƬǧ ƨȈƦǼƳȋơ ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƧǄȀƳȋơ ǞǷ ƢȀǴǷƢǠƫ Ŀ
Ŀ ƨȈƥƢŸȍơ ǾƫƢȈǟơƾƫ ǾǴǯ Ǯǳǀǳȁ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ƾǟơȂǫȁ ǶȈǫ ƾǯƚƬǧ ȆǴƻơƾǳơ ƾȈǠǐǳơ ȄǴǟ
.ƣƢǿǁȍơȁ ǦǼǠǳơ ǺǷ ǱƢƻ ƹƢǼǷ ǪǴƻ
ƽơǂǧȋơ ƩƢȇǂƷȁ ǞǸƬĐơ ǺǷƗ śƥ ǪȈǫƾǳơ ǹǃơȂƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨȇǂūơȁ ǺǷȋơ ƨȈƟƢǼƯ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ
ơƿƛ ƢǸǟ śȈƥȁǁȁȋơ śǳȁƚǈŭơ ǁƢƦǯ ƾƷƗ ǱƔƢǈƫ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƾǓ ƨǯǂǠŭơ ǵơƾƬƷơ Ƕǔƻ Ŀ
ǵƢǠǳơ śǷȋơ ǾǷĈƾǫ ǂȇǂǬƫ ǺǷ ǦǘƬǬǻ ǱƙƢǈƬǳơ ơǀǿ ȄǴǟ ơƆƽǁȁ ."śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƣƢǿǁƛ" śǠƬŭơ ǺǷ ǹƢǯ
ƨȀƳơȂǷ Ŀ ƽƢŢȏơ" ǾǻơȂǼǟ ÏÍÍÓ ǲȇǂƥƗ/ǹƢǈȈǻ ÏÔ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ńƛ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ
:ȆǴȇ ƢǷ (A/60/825 ƨǬȈƯȂǳơ)"ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǟ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏ ƩƢȈǏȂƫ :ƣƢǿǁȍơ
ƾǼǟ ƘƴǴƫ Ŗǳơ ƩƢǷȂǰūơ ǹƗ ȆǓƢŭơ Ŀ ƪƯƾƷ Ŗǳơ ƩȏƢūơ ǺǷ śƦƬȇ" :ÐÐ ƾǼƦǳơ
ǄȇǄǠƬƥ ǂǷƢǤƫ ƢŶƛ ƨȈƟơȂǌǠǳơ ǞǸǬǳơ ƩƢȈǴǸǟȁ ƧȂǬǴǳ ǕǂǨŭơ ǵơƾƼƬǇȏơ ńƛ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨȀƳơȂǷ
ǦǼǠǳơ ńƛ Ȃǟƾƫ ƨǷƢǟ ƨǨǐƥ ƩơƔơǂƳȍơ ǽǀȀǧ .śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ƾȇƚƫ Ŗǳơ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈƦǠǌǳơ ƧƾǟƢǬǳơ
154
‫ﺧﺎﲤﺔ‬
.śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ŁƢǏ Ŀ Ƥǐƫȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ǀƼƬƫ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ ƨȈǟǂǋ ǑĈȂǬƫȁ ƽƢǔŭơ
Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ǲưƬŤ ǹƗȁ ƧȂǬǴǳ ǕǂǨŭơ ǵơƾƼƬǇȏơ ȄǋƢƸƬƫ ǹƗ ƩƢǷȂǰūƢƥ ƤȈǿƗ řǻƜǧ ơǀǳȁ
".ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬū
Ȃǿ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƾǓ ǭǂƬǌŭơ ƢǼƷƢǨǰǳ ȆǇƢǇȋơ ƽƢǸǠǳơ ǹƛ" :ÔÔ ƾǼƦǳơ Ŀ ǦȈǔȇȁ
ňȂǻƢǬǳơ ǹƢȈǼƦǳơ ǄȇǄǠƫ ǹȂǰȇ ǹƗ ƤƳơȂǳơ ǺǷ ơǀǳȁ .ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƽƢȈǇȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǵơǂƬƷơ
ǆǴů ǶǿƢǇ ƾǫȁ .ƢǼǳ ƨƦǈǼǳƢƥ ƨȇȂǳȁƗ ǾƬƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǞǼŭ ǽǁƢǗƛ Ŀ ǲǓƢǼǻ ȅǀǳơ Ņȁƾǳơ
ǹƗ ȆǤƦǼȇ ƢȀǠȈŦ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǹƗ ǁǂǫ ƢǷƾǼǟ Ǯǳƿ ǪȈǬŢ Ŀ (ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǽǁơǂǫ Ŀ ǺǷȋơ
ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ Ƕǟƽ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ǭǁƢǌȇ ǎƼǋ ȅƗ ŉƾǬƫ ǲǨǰƫ
ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǽǀǿ ǁƢƦƬǟơ ǲǨǰƫ ǹƗȁ ƨǳơƾǠǴǳ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ȁƗ ƢŮ ŚǔƸƬǳơ ȁƗ ǲȈƦǬǳơ ơǀǿ ǺǷ ǱƢǸǟȋ
Ǳȁƾǳơ ǹȂǰƫ ǹƗ ǵǃȐǳơ ǺǷȁ .ƨȈǴƄơ ƢȀƸƟơȂǳȁ ƢȀǼȈǻơȂǫ Ŀ ƨǸȈǈƳ ƨȈƟƢǼƳ ǶƟơǂƳ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ
ǵơǂƬƷȏơ ƔȐȇƛ ǞǷ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ńƛ ƧƢǼŪơ ŉƾǬƫ ȄǴǟȁ ƢǿƿƢǨǻƛȁ śǻơȂǬǳơ ǽǀǿ ǪȈƦǘƫ ȄǴǟ ƧǁƽƢǫ
".ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬū ƤƳơȂǳơ
ơƾƥƗ ȆƸǔǻ ȏƗ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƾǼǟ ƤŸ Ǿƫơƿ ƪǫȂǳơ Ŀȁ" :ÎÎÏ ƾǼƦǳơ Ŀȁ
ƤŸ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳƢǧ .śȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ŚȇƢǠǷȁ ǶȈǫ Ɣơǃƛ ƢǻŚȇƢǠǷ ǺǷ ǖŴȁ ƢǼǸȈǬƥ
ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơȁ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǩƢưȈǷ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ƢŠ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǴǳ ƢǷƢŤ ƢǬƥƢǘǷ ǹȂǰȇ ǹƗ
ƢǿǀƼƬƫ Śƥơƾƫ ȅƗ ǱƢưƬǷơ ƨǳƢǨǯ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƤƳơȁ ǺǷȁ .ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƩȏȂǯȂƫȁŐǳơȁ
ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƢǸȈǇ ȏȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ ƢēƢǷơǄƬǳȏ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ
".Ņȁƾǳơ ňƢǈǻȍơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ śƠƳȐǳơ
ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ"ºƥ ƨǬǧǂŭơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ Ŀ ǱƙƢǈƬǳơ ơǀǿ ȄǴǟ ƨƥƢƳȍơ ļƘƫȁ
ƾǫȁ ÏÍÍÓ ŐǸƬƦǇ/ǱȂǴȇƗ Ŀ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ
ƧƽƢȈǇȁ ǞȈǸƴǴǳ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǵơǂƬƷơ ǹƢǸǓ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ"ºǳ ȐƆ ǷƢǯ ơƆƾǼƥ ƪǐǐƻ
ǹƗ ȄǴǟ ƾȈǯƘƬǳơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƩƽƢǟƗ ƾǫȁ ."ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƧǄȈǯǂǳơ ǾǨǏȂƥ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ
ǁƢǗȍơ ǂǧȂȇ ÏÍÍÒ ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÓ ƹǁƚŭơ ÎÒÕ/ÓÍ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ǁơǂǫ
ȆǔƬǬȇȁ .ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǩƢȈǇ Ŀ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ƨȇƢǸū ȆǇƢǇȋơ
:ƢȀŷƗ ǺǷ ǁȁƢŰ Ƨƾǟ ȄǴǟ ǲǸǠǳơ Ǯǳƿ
ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȏƢƥ ƔƢǧȂǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƢǿǀƼƬƫ Śƥơƾƫ ƨȇƗ Ŀ ǲǨǰƫ ǹƘƥ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǵơǄƬǳơ
śƠƳȐǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ǹȂǻƢǫ ƢǸȈǇ ȏȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ Ƣđ ƨǗȂǼŭơ
.Ņȁƾǳơ ňƢǈǻȍơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ
ǩȂǬƷ ǹȂǻƢǬƥ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ƔƢǘƥƛ ǹȁƽ ǵƢǸǔǻȏơ Ŀ ǂǜǼǳơ
Ŀ ǂǜǼǳơ Ǻǟ Ȑ
Ɔ ǔǧ ƢǿǀȈǨǼƫȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ňƢǈǻȍơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ śƠƳȐǳơ ǹȂǻƢǫȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ
.ƨȈǼǠŭơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ƾǏǁ ƩƢƠȈǿ ǍƢǐƬƻơ ǱȂƦǫ
155
ǵȂǬȇȁ ƨȈǳƢǠǨǳƢƥ ǶǈƬȇ ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ƨǳơƾǠǴǳ řǗȁ ǵƢǜǻ ƾȀǠƫȁ ƔƢǌǻȍ ƾȀƳ ȅƗ ǁƢƻƽơ ǵƾǟ
ƔƢǔǟȋơ ǱȁƾǳƢƥ ƨǗȂǼŭơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳȐǳ ƢƆǬǧȁ ǲǨǰȇ ǹƗ ǾǠǇȂƥ ǹȂǰȇ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƧƽƢȈǇ ȄǴǟ
ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁȍơ ǱƢǸǟȋơ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ǭǁƢǌȇ ǎƼǋ ȅƗ ŉƾǬƫ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƤƳȂŠ
ǶȈǴǈƫ ƗƾƦǷ ȄǴǟ ƔƢǼƥ ƨǳơƾǠǳơ ńƛ ƢȀǸǟƽ ȁƗ ƢđƢǰƫǁơ ȁƗ ƢǿŚƥƾƫ ȁƗ ƢŮ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ
ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬū ƤƳơȂǳơ ǵơǂƬƷȏơ ǲǛ Ŀȁ ǶȀƬǸǯƢŰ ȁƗ śƥȂǴǘŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ
Ŗǳơ ƨȈǼǬƬǳơ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ńƛ ƔȂƴǴǳơ ȄǴǟ Ǳȁƾǳơ ǞȈƴǌƫ ǶƬȇȁ .ƨȈǇƢǇȋơ ƩƢȇǂūơȁ
.ƨŻǂŪơȁ ƩơǁƾƼŭƢƥ řǠŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƤƬǰǷ ƢȀǼȈƥ ǺǷ ƩƢȀƳ ƢȀǷƾǬƫ
ǹƘǌƥ ƨǷƢǟ ƩƢȈǏȂƫ ŉƾǬƫ ȄǴǟ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬū ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈǓȂǨǷ ǞȈƴǌƫ
ƢǸȈǇ ȏȁ ǱȁƾǴǳ ƧǁȂǌŭơȁ ƧƾǟƢǈŭơ ŉƾǬƫȁ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬŞ ƨǴǐƬŭơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƩƢǷơǄƬǳơ
ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƿƢǨǻƛ ƩȏƢǯȁ ǕƢǇȁƗ Ŀ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬū Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳƢƥ ƨȈǟȂƬǳơ ǱƢů Ŀ
.ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ
ǱȂǬǳơ ƧȂǨǏ
ǩȂǬƷ ǹƘǌƥ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȌǳ ƨǷƢǠǳơ ƨȈǠǸŪơ ƢēƾǸƬǟơ Ŗǳơ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ǹƛ
ǞǸƬĐơ ǺǷƗ ƩƢƦǴǘƬŭ ƨƦǫƢƯ ƨǇơǁƽ "ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƾǓ ǦǳƢƸƬǳơ Ǳȁƽ" ǺǷ ƤǴǘƬȇ ǹƢǈǻȍơ
Ŗǳơȁ ƽȂȀǌǳơȁ ƢȇƢƸǔǳơȁ śǸȀƬŭơ ǩȂǬƷ Ǯǳƿ Ŀ ȅȂƬǈƫ ǹƢǈǻȍơ ǩȂǬƷ ƩƢǻƢǸǓȁ
Ŀ ǂǬƬǇơ ƢǷȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ňƢǈǻȍơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơȁ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȂǻƢǬǳơ ƾǟơȂǫȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ƢēǃǂǧƗ
.ƨȈƟƢǔǫ ǪƥơȂǇ ǺǷ ƢȀƟȂǓ
156
‫ﺧﺎﲤﺔ‬
ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳƢƥ ƨǸƟƢǫ

:Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ
http://www.oic-oci.org/oicnew/arabic/conventions/terrorism.htm
:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ

http://www.dc.gov.ae/pls/portal30/PCASES.RPT_LAWS_ 01.show?p_arg_names=law_
key&p_arg_values=577
:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ

http://www.nauss.edu.sa/NAUSS/Arabic/Menu/Elibrary/SecUniversalAgreements/
Irhab/erhab1.htm
:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǬǴǠƬŭơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ǍȂǐǻ

http://www.un.org/terrorism/instruments.shtml
***
157
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ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǱȂƷ ƨǇơǁƽ

ǲǸǟ ƨǬȈƯȁ
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ǺǸȈǳơȁ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǱȂƷ ƨǇơǁƽ

ÔÐ ........................................................................................... ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÕÖ ........................................................................................ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ǟƥơǂǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÍÖ ..................................................................................... ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǆǷƢŬơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÏÒ ...................................................................................... ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǅƽƢǈǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÐÔ ................................................................................... ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǞƥƢǈǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ ǱȂƷ ƨǇơǁƽ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƧƾƸƬŭơ ǶǷȋơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ :Ǳȁȋơ ƮƸƦŭơ

ƾȈǋǂǳơ Ƕǰūơȁ ȆŭƢǠǳơ ǁƢǿƽǃȏơȁ ƨǷơƾƬǈŭơ ƨȈǸǼƬǳơȁ ǲǏơȂƬŭơ ȅƽƢǐƬǫȏơ ȂǸǼǳơ

:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈŭƢǠǳơ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇȏơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ǲǸǠǳơ ƨǘƻ (ƣ)

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ (Ʊ)

ÎÖÕÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÕÍ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Ð ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢǼȈȈǧ Ŀ ƪǠƐǫȁ

ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ǦȈǼǐƫ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ǹȁƽȁ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢǸǜǼŭơ ǁȁƽ :ňƢưǳơ ƮƸƦŭơ

ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ Ŀ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈƴȈƫơǂƬǇơ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (Ɨ)

ŐǸǈȇƽ/Ǳȁȋơ ǹȂǻƢǯ ÎÔ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơȁ ǺƟƢǿǂǳơ ǀƻƗ ƨǔǿƢǼŭ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ (ºǿ)

(ÏÍÍÕ) ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ǻǟ śǳȁƚǈǸǴǳ ĺǂǠǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ

ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢƆǧơǂǗƗ ƾǠƥ ƶƦǐƫ Ń Ŗǳơ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ Ö

ǶȀȈǧ ǺŠ ƨȈǳȁƽ ƨȇƢǸŞ śǠƬǸƬŭơ ǍƢƼǋȋơ ƾǓ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ǶƟơǂŪơ ǞǼǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ (ȁ )

Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ (Ʊ)

ƨǷǂǰŭơ ƨǰǷ ǹƢȈƥ

Ņȁƾǳơ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǾǬǨǳơ ǞǸů ǆǴů ǁơǂǫ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǸȈǴǫȍơ ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ ǵƢǰƷƗ ǲȈǠǨƫ

ƨȈƟƢǔǬǳơ ƨȇȏȂǳơ ƮȈƷ ǺǷ (ƣ)

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

".ƢȀǸȈǴǫƛ ƱǁƢƻ ƨǳȁƾǴǳ ǵƢǟ ǪǧǂǷ ƾǓ ƨŻǂŪơ Ƥǰƫǂƫ ƢǷƾǼǟ (ƽ )

Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǁƢǗƛ (Ʊ)

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð

ƨȈƟƢǼŪơ ǲƟƢǈŭơ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ( ƽ)

ȁƗ ƢŮ ǖȈǘƼƬǳơ Ŀ ȁƗ ƨȈƥƢǿǁƛ ǱƢǸǟƗ ǲȇȂŤ Ŀ ƨǯǁƢǌŭơ Ŀ ǝǂǌȇ ȁƗ ǭǁƢǌȇ ȁƗ ǲȀǈȇ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð

ǺǷ ƧƢǔǬǳơȁ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ȄǴǟ ƢƆȈǧơǂǋƛ ƢǏƢǐƬƻơ ǱȁơǄȇ :ȄǴǟȋơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǆǴů Î

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ ƨȇƽȂǠǈǳơ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨǰǴǸŭơ Ƣēǀţơ Ŗǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ

ƧƽƢǸǴǳ ơƆƽƢǼƬǇơ ‫ه‬ÎÑÏÐ/Ô/ÏÐ ƺȇǁƢƬƥ (ÎÏÑÒ) Ƕǫǁ ȅǁơǃȂǳơ ǁơǂǬǳơ Ŀ ƽǁơȂǳơ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƾǓ ƨǳȁǀƦŭơ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ Ŀ ƨȈǳƢǠǨƥ ƢȀǷƢȀǇƛȁ ƢȀǷƢǸǔǻơȁ ƢĔȁƢǠƫ 

ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Śƥơƾƫ Î

ÎÕ Ŀ ÐÖǶǫǁ ȆǰǴŭơ ǵȂǇǂŭơ ƤƳȂŠ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ǵƢǜǻ ǁƾǏ

ǊȈƬǨƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƛ ƨȈƷȐǏ ƢŮ ǹƗ ƢǸǯ ƨȇǁȁǂǓ Ƣǿơǂƫ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȅƗ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǺǷ ƤǴǘƫ

ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ï

ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð

ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ò

‫ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ (‫)ﺃ‬

‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬

ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ŔǷ ȄǴǟ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ȃǂƻȋơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǒǠƥȁ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Ŀ Ņȁƾǳơ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ

ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨǼŪ ńƛ ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǺǷ ǵƾǬŭơ ȆǴȈǸǰƬǳơ ǂȇǂǬƬǳơ Ŀ ƽǁȁ ƢǷ ńƛ ơƽƢǼƬǇơȁ

ȅǂǰǨǳơ ǥơǂŴȐǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơȁ ƨȇǂǰǨǳơ ƨȈǟȂƬǳơ Ô

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȁ ǹƢŪ ƔƢǌǻƛ Õ

ÔÐ ........................................................................................... ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ƮǳƢưǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÕÖ ........................................................................................ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ǟƥơǂǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÍÖ ..................................................................................... ǺȇǂƸƦǳơ ƨǰǴŲ ǆǷƢŬơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÏÒ ...................................................................................... ǹƢǸǟ ƨǼǘǴǇ ǅƽƢǈǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÐÔ ................................................................................... ƨȈǼǸȈǳơ ƨȇǁȂȀǸŪơ ǞƥƢǈǳơ ǝǂǨǳơ

ÎÖÕÔ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ Õ Ŀ ƢǿƿƢǨǻ Ɨƾƥȁ ÎÖÕÍ ǅǁƢǷ/ǁơƿƕ Ð ƺȇǁƢƬƥ ƢǼȈȈǧ Ŀ ƪǠƐǫȁ

ƩƢȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Ŀ ƢƆǧơǂǗƗ ƾǠƥ ƶƦǐƫ Ń Ŗǳơ ƔƢǔǟȋơ Ǳȁƾǳơ ƧȂǟƽ Ö

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

:ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈƥǂǠǳơ ƲȈǴŬơ Ǳȁƾǳ ǹȁƢǠƬǳơ ǆǴů Ǳȁƽ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

Ņȁƾǳơ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ȆǷȐǇȍơ ǂŤƚŭơ ƨǸǜǼǷ ƧƾǿƢǠǷ Ð

ǺǷ ƧƢǔǬǳơȁ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ȄǴǟ ƢƆȈǧơǂǋƛ ƢǏƢǐƬƻơ ǱȁơǄȇ :ȄǴǟȋơ ƔƢǔǬǳơ ǆǴů Î

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƾǓ ƨǳȁǀƦŭơ ƨȈƟƢǼưǳơȁ ƨȈǳȁƾǳơ ƽȂȀŪơ Ŀ ƨȈǳƢǠǨƥ ƢȀǷƢȀǇƛȁ ƢȀǷƢǸǔǻơȁ ƢĔȁƢǠƫ

ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ Śƥơƾƫ Î

ǊȈƬǨƬǳơ ƔơǂƳƛ ƨȈƷȐǏ ƢŮ ǹƗ ƢǸǯ ƨȇǁȁǂǓ Ƣǿơǂƫ ƩƢǷȂǴǠǷ ȅƗ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǺǷ ƤǴǘƫ

ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ï

ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð

ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ò

ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ŔǷ ȄǴǟ ƨƦǰƫǂŭơ ȃǂƻȋơ ǱƢǠǧȋơ ǒǠƥȁ ǶƟơǂŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫȏơ Î

ȅǂǰǨǳơ ǥơǂŴȐǳ ȅƾǐƬǳơȁ ƨȇǂǰǨǳơ ƨȈǟȂƬǳơ Ô

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȁ ǹƢŪ ƔƢǌǻƛ Õ

(ÏÍÍÒ ǂȇơŐǧ/ǕƢƦǋ ÕÒ) ǑƢȇǂǳơ :ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Ņȁƾǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ –Ö

(ºǿÎÑÏÖ/Ô/ÎÒ–ÎÐ) (ÏÍÍÕ ǾȈǳȂȇ/ǃȂŤ ÎÕÎÓ ƾȇǁƾǷ) ǁơȂƸǴǳ ȆŭƢǠǳơ ǂŤƚŭơ

ƨǷĈǂů ƨǘǌǻƗ ǺǷ Ǿƥ ǲǐƬȇ ƢǷȁ ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƩƢǠȇǂǌƫ Î

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ Ï

ƩơǁƢǷȍơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð

ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò

Ļ (ÎÖÔÍ ȅƢǿȏ) ƩơǂƟƢǘǳơ ȄǴǟ ǝȁǂǌŭơ Śǣ ƔȐȈƬǇȏơ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ï

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Ô

ǺǷ Ǯǳƿ Śǣ ȁƗ ǾȈǧ ǝƢǸƬƳȐǳ ƢƆǻƢǰǷ ȁƗ ȃȁƘǷ Ƣǿƽơǂǧȋ ǵƾǫ ȁƗ ƆȏơȂǷƗ ƢŮ ǞŦ ȁƗ ǹƚŭơ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ Ï

ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Ð

ƨǳȁƾǳơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ǂƟƢƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò

ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢǈǇƚŭơȁ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ó

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ńƛ ǂǘǫ ƨǳȁƽ ǵƢǸǔǻơ Ô

(ÎÖÔÖ) ǵƢǟ Ŀ ƢǼȈȈǧ Ŀ ƨǠǫȂŭơ ƨȇȁȂǼǳơ ƽơȂǸǴǳ ƨȇƽƢŭơ ƨȇƢǸūơ ƨȈǫƢǨƫơ Ó

(ÏÍÍÎ) ÎÐÔÐ ǁơǂǬǳơ ǀȈǨǼƬǳ ƨȈǬȈǈǼƬǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Õ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Ö

.ƨȈǼǷȋơ ƧǄȀƳȋơ Ŀ ǒǠƦǳơ ȃƾǳ ƨǬưǳơ ǵơƾǠǻơ Ð

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰǷ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ï

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤȁ ǱơȂǷȋơ ǲǈǣ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ ƨȈǼǗȂǳơ ƨǼƴǴǳơ ƔƢǌǻƛ Ð

ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ

ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ò

ňƾŭơ ǹơŚǘǳơ ƨǷȐǇ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ó

ƨȇŚŬơ ƩƢȈǠǸŪƢƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ô

ǶǯƢƄơ ƨȇȏȁ ǩƢǘǻ Õ

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ƨƸǧƢǰŠ ƨǴǐǳơ Ʃơƿ ǭȂǰǐǳơ ȄǴǟ ƪȇȂǰǳơ ƨǳȁƽ Ǫȇƾǐƫ Ö

ƣƢǿǁȍơ ǲȇȂŤ ƨƸǧƢǰŭ Śƥơƾƫ Ï

ƨǧǁƢȈǐǳơȁ ƧǂǇƢǸǈǳơȁ ǭȂǼƦǳơ ǞȈŦ ńƛ Ʃơǂǌǻȁ ǶȈǷƢǠƫ "ƨǈǇƚŭơ" ƪǴǇǁƗ ƾǫȁ

ƨǰǴǸŭơ ǀǧƢǼǷ ƨȇƢŧ ńƛ ƨȈǷơǂǳơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ð

ƧŚƻǀǳơȁ ƨƸǴǇȋơ ǵƢǜǼƥ ƨǏƢŬơ ŚƥơƾƬǳơ Ñ