Self -LearningActivity4.3.

a
Directions: Do as indicated.

A. 1.1) Evaluate the following:

If we pick the modulus 12, then our solutions are required to be in the set Z 12 = {0, 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11}. We have 2+1=3, 2+2=4, 2+3=5, 2+4=6, 2+7=9,
2+8=10, and 2+9=11 as usual. Then 2+12=12, which is not in our set, so it wraps
around giving 2+10=0. Then 2+11=13, which wraps around to be 1.

+ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0

5 + 11 = 16(mod 12) = 4 8 + 8 = 16(mod 12) = 4

10+ 11 = 21(mod 12) = 9 10 + 9 = 19(mod 12) = 7

1.2) Evaluate the following:

If we pick the modulus 6, then our solutions are required to be in the set Z 6 = {0, 1, 2,
3, 4, and 5}. We have 2 x 1=2, and 2 x 2=4 as usual. Then 2 x 3=6, which is not in our
set, so it wraps around giving 2 x 3=0. Then 2 x 4=8, which wraps around to be 2.

+ 1 2 3 4 5 0
 1 2 3 4 5 0 1
2 3 4 5 0 1 2
3 4 5 0 1 2 3
4 5 0 1 2 3 4
5 0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4 5 0

5 x 4 = 20(mod 6) = 2 4 x 2 = 8(mod 6) = 2
3 x 5 = 15(mod 6) = 3 5 x 5= 25(mod 6) = 1

Self -LearningActivity4.3.b

Directions: Solve the following problems.

1. The book entitled “The Equation that couldn’t be Solved” by Mario Livio has an
ISBN 978-0-7432-5820-? What is its check digit?

978-0-7432-5820-?

d13 = 10 – (d1 + 3d2 + d3 + 3d4 + d5 + 3d6 + d7 + 3d8 + d9 + 3d10 + d11 + 3d12)mod 10.

d13 = 10 – [9 + 3(7) + 8 + 3(0) + 7 + 3(4) + 3 + 3(2) + 5+ 3(8) + 2 + 3(0)] mod 10.

d13 = 10 – [9 + 21 + 8 + 0 + 7 + 12 + 3 + 6 + 5 + 24 + 2 + 0] mod 10.

d13 = 10 – 97mod 10 but 97 = (10)(9) + 7

d13 = 10 – 7 = 3. Since d13 = 3

Therefore, its check digit is 3.

2. A book “The Mathematical Tourist” by Ivars Peterson has an ISBN 978-0-716-

73250-5. Check whether if it is a valid or not valid number ISBN.

978-0-716- 73250-5

d13 = 10 – (d1 + 3d2 + d3 + 3d4 + d5 + 3d6 + d7 + 3d8 + d9 + 3d10 + d11 + 3d12)mod 10.

d13 = 10 – [9 + 3(7) + 8 + 3(0) + 7 + 3(1) + 6 + 3(7) + 3+ 3(2) + 5 + 3(0)] mod 10.

d13 = 10 – [9 + 21 + 8 + 0 + 7 + 3 + 6 + 21 + 3 + 6 + 5 + 0] mod 10.

d13 = 10 – 89mod 10 but 89 = (10)(8) + 9

d13 = 10 – 9 = 1. Since d13 = 1, then its check digit is 1.

Therefore, it is not a valid ISBN.

3. Is the ISBN: 978-971-9645-41-2 a valid number? Explain.

978-971-9645-41-2

d13 = 10 – (d1 + 3d2 + d3 + 3d4 + d5 + 3d6 + d7 + 3d8 + d9 + 3d10 + d11 + 3d12)mod 10.

d13 = 10 – [9 + 3(7) + 8 + 3(9) + 7 + 3(1) + 9 + 3(6) + 4+ 3(5) + 4 + 3(1)] mod 10.

d13 = 10 – [9 + 21 + 8 + 27 + 7 + 3 + 9 + 18 + 4 + 15 + 4 + 3] mod 10.

d13 = 10 – 128mod 10 but 128 = (10)(12) + 8

d13 = 10 – 8 = 2. Since d13 = 2, then its check digit is 2.

Therefore, it is a valid ISBN.

4. What is the check digit of this ISBN: 0-471-31055 – x?

0-471-31055 – x

(The digits of the ISBN information numbers are listed in order left to right and weighted
by counting down from 10 to 1.) The check digit is chosen to be a number from 0 to 10
so that this weighted sum is a multiple of 11. That is, the sum must be divisible by 11.

Let us see what sum we have so far with these particular nine information digits:

0(10) + 4(9) + 7(8) + 1(7) + 3(6) + 1(5) + 0(4) + 5(3) + 5(2)

= 0 + 36+ 56 + 7 + 18 + 5 + 0 + 15 + 10
= 147

The check digit is 7 was chosen because 147 + 7(1) = 154 and 154 is a multiple of 11.
147 is greater than 11(13) = 143 and 18 less than 11(15) = 165. The only possible number
from 0 to 10 to use as a check digit is 3.

Therefore, its check digit is 7.

Self -LearningActivity4.3.c

Direction: Answer the following questions. 

1. A certain product has a bar code 4-804888-9027-5. Is the product code valid? 
Explain.

d12 = 10 – (3d1 + d2 + 3d3 + d4 + 3d5 + d6 + 3d7 + d8 + 3d9 + d10 + 3d11)mod 10 

d12 = 10 – [3(4) + 8 + 3(0) + 4 + 3(8) + 8 + 3(8) + 9 + 3(0) + 2 + 3(7)] mod 10

d12 = 10 – (12 + 8 + 0 + 4 + 24 + 8 + 24 + 9 + 0 + 2 + 21) mod 10 

d12 = 10 – 112mod 10 but 112 = (10) (11) + 2

d12 = 10 – 2 = 8

Since the computed check digit is not the last digit in a given code, then the bar
code is not valid. 
2. Tell whether the given Universal Product Code 300450180186 is a
valid number. Explain. 

d12 = 10 – (3d1 + d2 + 3d3 + d4 + 3d5 + d6 + 3d7 + d8 + 3d9 + d10 + 3d11)mod 10 

d12 = 10 – [3(3) + 0 + 3(0) + 4 + 3(5) + 0 + 3(1) + 8 + 3(0) + 1 + 3(8)] mod 10

d12 = 10 – (9 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 15 + 0 + 3 + 8 + 0 + 1 + 24) mod 10 

d12 = 10 – 64mod 10 but 64 = (10) (6) + 4

d12 = 10 – 4 = 6

Since the computed check digit is the last digit in a given code, then the bar code is
valid. 

3. Find the check number of a certain product whose code number is 0-332334- 8272-
x. 

d12 = 10 – (3d1 + d2 + 3d3 + d4 + 3d5 + d6 + 3d7 + d8 + 3d9 + d10 + 3d11)mod 10 

d12 = 10 – [3(0) + 3 + 3(3) + 2 + 3(3) + 3 + 3(4) + 8 + 3(2) + 7 + 3(2)] mod 10

d12 = 10 – (0 + 3 + 9 + 2 + 9 + 3 + 12 + 8 + 6 + 7 + 6) mod 10 

d12 = 10 – 65mod 10 but 65 = (10) (6) + 5

d12 = 10 –5= 5
Since the computed check digit is 5

Then the check code is 5

4. Is 6011-0123-9145-2317 a valid card number? Why? 

6 0 1 1 0 1 2 3 9 1 4 5 2 3 1 7
x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2
12 0 2 1 0 1 4 3 18 1 8 5 4 3 2 7
Then;

(1+2) + 0 + 2 + 1 + 0 + 1 + 4 + 3 + (1+8) + 1 + 8 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 7=62

Since 62  2 mod 10, this is not a valid card number.

5. How about a credit card whose number is 5155-0123-4356-0080? Is this a valid
card number? Why? 

5 1 5 5 0 1 2 3 4 3 5 6 0 0 8 0
x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2
10 1 10 5 0 1 4 3 8 3 10 6 0 0 16 0

Then;

(1+0) + 1 + (1+0) + 5 + 0 + 1 + 4 + 3 + 8 + 3 + (1+0) + 6 + 0 + 0 + (1 + 6) + 0 = 41

Since 41  1 mod 10, this is not a valid card number.

6. Is the credit card number 4000001234567899 is a valid number? Explain. 

4 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9
x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2
8 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 6 4 10 6 14 8 18 9

Then;

8 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 2 + 6 + 4 + (1+0) + 6 + (1+4) + 8 + (1 + 8) + 9 = 60

Since 60  0 mod 10, this is a valid card number.