Activity 3.
6 Applied Statistics
Introduction
Today’s consumers are constantly trying to judge the quality of products. But what is
quality? How and by whom is quality determined? Some would say the designer
creates specifications, which in turn dictate the quality of a product. That quality is
also based on the acceptable value of a part within a whole product. Statistics are
commonly used in manufacturing processes to control and maintain quality. This
activity will allow you to apply statistics in order to analyze and determine the quality
of a set of wooded cubes.
In this activity you will collect data and then perform statistical analyses to determine
measures of central tendency and variation of the data. You will also represent the
data using a histogram.
Equipment
Engineering notebook
Pencil
Dial caliper
Procedure
1. Part of the manufacturing quality control testing for a toy is to measure the depth
of a connector piece that must fit into another part. The desired depth is 4.1 cm.
Every tenth part produced on the production line is measured. The following data
was collected during a two minute production period.
4.1, 4.0, 4.1, 3.9, 4.4, 3.9, 4.4, 4.0, 4.2, 4.0, 4.1
a. Calculate each of the following measures of central tendency. Show your
work.
Mean: _____________
Median: ____________
Mode: _____________
Is the data unimodal, bimodal, multimodal or no mode? _______________
b. Calculate the following measures of variation for the data set. Show your
work. A table has been provided to help you calculate the standard
deviations.
Range: _____________
c. Create a dot plot
2a. Mr. Igoe buys thousands of wooden blocks each year for his engineering
class. The box of blocks states they are ¾ inch cubes.
Measure two side lengths of the same cube using the dial caliper and record the
measurements to the nearest ten thousandth of an inch.
Side 1:__________________________
Side 2:__________________________
Are the wood blocks really cubes like the manufacturer claims? Explain:
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
b. Measure 14 wooden blocks, grain side to grain side, using the dial caliper.
The measurement should be to the ten thousandth of an inch. Record it in the
table below. Right each number vertically to fit.
Block 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Are these blocks exactly 3/4” like the manufacturer claims?__________________
c. Find the mean, mode, median and range. Show all work.
Mean = ___________ Median = ___________
Mode = ___________ Range = ___________
Is the data unimodal, bimodal, multimodal or no mode? _______________
c. Create a dot plot
Conclusion
1. How can statistics of a product’s dimensions be used to assess the quality of the
product?
2. In which phase(s) of the six step design process might statistics be most useful?
Why?
