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Fourier's Law: Module 2: Steady-State Heat Conduction

1) Fourier's law describes the rate of heat transfer through a material as proportional to the negative temperature gradient and thermal conductivity of the material. 2) For one-dimensional steady-state heat flow through a flat slab or cylinder, the heat flux is equal to the thermal conductivity times the temperature difference divided by the thickness or length. 3) For a hollow cylinder, the heat flux can be expressed using the logarithmic mean radius which provides a better approximation of the average resistance than the outer or inner radius alone.

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31 views3 pages

Fourier's Law: Module 2: Steady-State Heat Conduction

1) Fourier's law describes the rate of heat transfer through a material as proportional to the negative temperature gradient and thermal conductivity of the material. 2) For one-dimensional steady-state heat flow through a flat slab or cylinder, the heat flux is equal to the thermal conductivity times the temperature difference divided by the thickness or length. 3) For a hollow cylinder, the heat flux can be expressed using the logarithmic mean radius which provides a better approximation of the average resistance than the outer or inner radius alone.

Uploaded by

JohnAdistub
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Module 2: Steady-state heat conduction

 Fourier’s law
dq dT dq dT
=−kA ∨ =−kA
dt dx dA dx

A=area of the body perpendicular ¿ the direction of heat flow


q=rate of heat flow through thebody
T =temeparature
x=length of heat flow path
k = proportionality constant ∨thermal conductibity

o One dimensional steady-state heat flow


q dT
=−k
A dx
x2 T2
q
dx=−k ∫ dT
A∫x 1 T 1

q
( x −x )=−k ( T 2 −T 1 )
A 2 1
driving force
if rate of transfer process=
resistance

q T 1−T 2
heat flux= =
A x 2−x 1
k

where
T 1>T 2

driving force=T 1−T 2


x 2−x 1
Resistance=
kA

 Single resistance
o Flat slab or wall

o Hollow Cylinder
q dT
=−k
A dr

q dT
=−k
2 πrL dr
ro T2
q
r dr=−k ∫ dT
2 πL ∫
r i T 1

q ro
2 πL
ln
ri ( )
=k ( T 1−T 2 )

2 πL
q=k ( T 1−T 2 )
ro
ln
( )
ri

2 πL r −r
q=k ( T 1−T 2 ) × o i
r r 0 −r i
( )
ln o
ri

r o−r i ( T 1 −T 2 )
q=2 πLk ×
ro r o −r i
ln ( )
ri

2 πL r o −2 πL r i A o− A i
if logarithmic mean area= A L= =
2 πL r o A
2 πL r i
lnln o
(
Ai ) ( )
r −r
¿ logarithmic meanradius=r l= o i
r
ln o
ri ( )
T 1−T 2
q=k Al
r o −r i

r o−r i
Resistance=
k AL
r o−r i
For thin wall: r =
2

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