TORTS AND DAMAGES -Del Mar v.

Court of Appeals
c. Causation
I. TORTS -Proximate Cause; Immediate Cause
a. Etymology and Usage of Term -Vda. De Bataclan v. Medina
b. Difficulty in defining the term -Phoenix Construction v. IAC
c. Sources of Obligation; Article 1157-1162 NCC -Ramos v. C.O.L Realty
d. Classifications: -Belarmino v. ECC
1. Negligence; Articles 2176-2194 NCC -Fernando v. Court of Appeals
2. Intentional torts; Articles 19-35 NCC -Umali v. Bacani
3. Strict liability torts; Articles 694-707; 2183-2193 -Concurrence of Efficient Causes
e. Distinguished from a Crime -Tests of Causation
1. Articles 100-113; and 365 RPC -Causation in Fact
2. Rule 111, Section 1, Rules of Court -Substantial Factor
3. Civil Liability Arising from a Crime -But For” or “Sine Qua Non”
-Barredo v. Garcia -Forseeability
-Elcano v. Hill -Cause and Condition
-Virata v. Ochoa -Natural and Probable Consequences
-Banal v. Tadeo -Intervening Cause
-Occena v. Icamina -Rakes v. Atlantic Gulf & Pacific Co
-Pacis v. Morales -Taylor v. Manila Electric Co.
-Casupanan v. Laroya -Teague v. Fernandez
4. Reservation of Civil Action -McKee v. IAC
-People v. Amistad d. Persons Liable
-Jarantilla v. Court of Appeals -Tortfeasor/Joint tortfeasor
-Hun Hyung Park v. Eung Won Choi -Construction Development Corp. v. Estrella
-Salazar v. People e. Vicarious Liability; Article 2180
-Safeguard Security Agency v. Tangco -Parents/Guardians
5. Extinction/Survival of Civil Liability Ex-Delicto -Exconde v. Capuno
-Rule 120, Section 2, Rules of Court -Cuadra v. Monfort
-People v. Navoa -Employers
-People v. Badeo -Gutierrez v. Court of Appeals
-People v. Bayotas -Phil. Rabbit Lines Inc. v. Phil. Am. Forwarders
-Calang and Philtranco v. People -Pleyto, et al. v. Lomboy, et al.
f. Distinguished from a Contract; -YHT Realty Corporation v. CA
-Articles 1172-1173; 1314 NCC -Macalino v. Ong
-Cangco v. Manila Railroad Co. -Mercury Drug v. Huang
-Air France v. Carrascoso -State
-Singson v. BPI -Meritt v. Government of P.I.
-LRTA v. Navidad -Republic v. Palacios
-American Express v. Cordero -National Irrigation Adm. v. Fontanilla
-So Ping Bun v. Court of Appeals -Quezon City Govt. v. Dacara
-Consolidated Bank & Trust Co. v. CA -Municipality of San Juan v. CA
-Crisostomo v. Court of Appeals -Teachers/Heads of Establishments
-Mercado v. Court of Appeals
II. QUASI-DELICTS -Palisoc v. Brillantes
a. Elements; Articles 2176-2194 -Ylarde v. Aquino
b. Negligence -Salvosa v. IAC
-Concept, Test and Degrees; Article 1173 -Amadora v. Court of Appeals
-Picart v. Smith -Schools
-Smith Bell v. Borja -Pasco v. CFI-Bulacan, 160 SCRA 784
-Delsan Transport Lines v. C&A Construction -St. Mary’s Academy v. Carpitanos
-Standard of Care -Child Learning Center et. al. v. Tagario
-Burden of proof -Saludaga v. Court of Appeals
-Ong v. Metropolitan Water District -St. Francis High School v. CA
-Marikina Auto Line and Suelto v. People -PSBA v. Court of Appeals
-Exceptions: Articles 2184-2185; and 2188 -Soliman v. Tuazon
-Common carriers; Arts. 1732-33; and 1755-63 -Owner of Vehicle
-Res ipsa loquitur -Proprietor of Building or Structure
-Spouses Africa v. Caltex -Local Government Units
-Rodriguez v. Court of Appeals f. Defenses; Total and Partial
-FGU Insurance v. G.P Sarmiento Trucking -Plaintiff's Own Negligence
-Perla Compania de Seguros v. Sarangaya III -Exceptions:
-Respondeat superior -Theory of Implied Invitation
-Ramos v. Pepsi Cola -Doctrine of Attractive Nuisance
-Negligence of professionals -Contributory Negligence
-Batiquin v. Court of Appeals -Cabardo v. CA
-Garcia-Rueda v. Pascasio -Negros Navigation v. CA
-Ramos v. Court of Appeals -Exceptions; Conclusive presumption
-Nogales v. Capitol Medical Center -Assumption of Risk
-Professional Services, Inc. v. Natividad -Nikko Hotel v. Roberto Reyes
-Negligence of Attorneys -Cebu Country Club v. Elizagaque
 -Doctrine of Last Clear Chance -De Vera v. San Diego Construction
-Picart v. Smith -Meralco v. TEAM Electronics
-LADECO v. Angala -Pleyto v. Lomboy, et al.
-PLDT v. Court of Appeals -Nelen Lambert vs. Heirs of Ray Castillon
-Achevara v. Ramos -Equitable PCI Bank v. Ng Sheung Ngor
-Fortuitous Event -Attorney’s Fees
-Cipriano v. CA -Lagon v. Hooven Comalco Ind.
-Servando v. Phil. Steam Navigation -SCC Chemicals v. State Investment
-Schmitz Transport v. Transport Venture -Moral
-Exceptions; McKee v. IAC -Iringan v. Palao
-Prescription; Article 1146, NCC -City Trust v. Villanueva
-Diligence of Good Father of a Family -Filipinas Broadcasting Network v. Ago Medical
-Res Judicata -Nominal
-Waiver -Pedrosa v. Rodriguez
-Temperate
III. INTENTIONAL TORTS -BPI Investment v. DG Carreon Commercial
a. Articles 20-34; 309, NCC -Liquidated
b. Individual rights and family relations -Exemplary
c. Abuse of Rights; Article 19 -Producers Bank v. Chua
-Pe v. Pe
-Valenzuela v. CA
-Globe Mackay v. CA
-University of the East v. Jader
d. Contra Bonus Mores; Art. 21. NCC
-Breach of Promise to Marry
-Tanjanco v. CA
e. Deprivation of Property/Right
-Manila Gas v. CA
f. Public Humiliation
-Patricio v. Hon. Oscar Leviste
-American Express v. Cordero

g. Right to Privacy
-Socorro Ramirez v. Court of Appeals,
h. Interference with Family and Other relations
-Tenchavez v. Escaño,
-Lagon v. Court of Appeals
i. Sexual Harassment
-Villarama v. NLRC and Golden Donuts
j. Public officials
-Liwayway Vinzons-Chato v. Fortune Tobacco
-Silahis Hotel et al v. Soluta et al.
k. Defamation, Fraud and Physical Injuries
-MVRS Publications v. Islamic Da’wah Council

IV. STRICT LIABILITY TORTS

a. Death or Injuries to Employees; Article 1711, NCC
b. Possessor of Animals; Art. 2183, NCC
-Vestil v. Intermediate Appellate Court
c. Manufacturers and Processors; Article 2187, NCC
-RA 7394 or the Consumer Act of the Philippines
-Virgilio M. Del Rosario v. CA
-Coca-Cola Bottlers v. CA
d. Head of the Family; Article 2193, NCC

V. NUISANCE; Art. 694-707 NCC

-Nuisance per se and nuisance per accidens
-Public nuisance and private nuisance
-Attractive nuisance
-Velasco v. Meralco
-City of Manila v. Garcia
-Farrales v. Mayor of Baguio City
-Hidalgo Enterprises v. Balanda

VI. DAMAGES
a. Concept; Distinctions
-Heirs of Bolado v. Vda de Bulan
-Chiang Yia Min v. RCBC
b. Kinds of damages
-Actual or compensatory
-Producers Bank v. Chua