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Forces Motion Vocab

This document defines key terms related to forces and motion, including motion, speed, velocity, acceleration, force, balanced force, unbalanced force, friction, gravity, and Newton's three laws of motion. It provides formulas for calculating speed, average speed, acceleration, momentum, and describes concepts like inertia. Examples are given to illustrate concepts like balanced vs unbalanced forces, Newton's three laws of motion, and how forces affect acceleration.

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EDWARD TORRES-BALDERAS
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44 views15 pages

Forces Motion Vocab

This document defines key terms related to forces and motion, including motion, speed, velocity, acceleration, force, balanced force, unbalanced force, friction, gravity, and Newton's three laws of motion. It provides formulas for calculating speed, average speed, acceleration, momentum, and describes concepts like inertia. Examples are given to illustrate concepts like balanced vs unbalanced forces, Newton's three laws of motion, and how forces affect acceleration.

Uploaded by

EDWARD TORRES-BALDERAS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Forces & Motion

Unit Vocabulary
Motion
 The state in which one object’s distance from
another is changing
 Must determine motion based on a
reference point
 An object is in motion if it changes
position relative to a reference point
Speed
 The distance an object travels in one unit of
time
◦ Speed =

 Constant speed when the speed of an


object is the same at all times during its
motion
 Average Speed =
Velocity
 Speed in a given direction
◦ Speed plus direction
 Example: 25 km/h Westward
 It’s the speed of an object with its
direction included
Acceleration
 The rate at which velocity changes
◦ Positive Acceleration = Speeding Up
◦ Negative Acceleration = Slowing Down
 All considered accelerating
◦ Speeding up
◦ Slowing down
◦ Turning
 Acceleration =
Force
 A push or pull exerted on an object
◦ Causes something to move or change
direction or speed
◦ Can be balanced or unbalanced
 Forces are described by how strong they
are and the direction they are in
 Unit = Newton (N)
Balanced Force
 Equal forces acting on an object in opposite
directions
 Net force = 0
 Will not change an object’s motion

10 N 10 N
Unbalanced Force
 A nonzero force that changes an object’s
motion
 Net force NOT 0
 Always causes motion

10 N 5N

Net Force = 5
Object will Move Right
Friction
 The force that one surface exerts on another
when the 2 rub against each other
◦ Opposes or slows down motion
 Depends on type of surface & how hard
they push together
 Changes Motion into Heat
Gravity
 The force that pulls objects toward Earth
◦ Opposes or slows down motion
 Gravity on Earth causes all objects to fall
9.8 meters/second (m/s)
 An object will increase its velocity by 9.8
m/s every second
◦ After 3 seconds, an object’s velocity is 29.4
m/s
Newton’s 1st Law of Motion
 An object at rest remains at rest unless
acted upon by an unbalanced force
 An object in motion remains in motion
unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
Consider the Following
 Inertia: tendency to resist a change in
motion
◦ Depends on Mass
◦ More Mass = More Inertia
Newton’s 1st Law of Motion
Consider the Following (Cont.)
 Once a force is applied, it will move at a
constant speed in a straight line until
another force causes it to slow down,
stop, or turn
◦ These graphs all represent the 1st Law!
Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
 Force = Mass X Acceleration
 Acceleration = Force
Mass
 These graphs go with the 2nd Law
Newton’s 2 nd Law of Motion
Consider the Following
 Objects with a large mass require more
force
◦ More force will create more acceleration
 Momentum
◦ Product of an object’s mass and velocity
 Momentum = Mass X Velocity
◦ Heavy objects have a lot of momentum
◦ Fast things have a lot of momentum
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
 For every action, there is an equal but
opposite reaction
 Examples
◦ Newton’s Cradle
◦ Rocket Ship
◦ Jumping on a Trampoline
◦ Punching a Wall

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