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Assignment 2 PDF

This document outlines 9 questions regarding gas dynamics and 2-D oblique waves and moving shocks. It includes questions about deriving equations relating shock angle, Mach number, and flow deflection. It also includes questions about analyzing normal and oblique shocks in aircraft intakes and nozzles, as well as analyzing flow over airfoils and in shock tubes. The questions cover a range of gas dynamics topics including deriving shock relations, analyzing normal and oblique shock properties, and interpreting x-t diagrams.

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225 views

Assignment 2 PDF

This document outlines 9 questions regarding gas dynamics and 2-D oblique waves and moving shocks. It includes questions about deriving equations relating shock angle, Mach number, and flow deflection. It also includes questions about analyzing normal and oblique shocks in aircraft intakes and nozzles, as well as analyzing flow over airfoils and in shock tubes. The questions cover a range of gas dynamics topics including deriving shock relations, analyzing normal and oblique shock properties, and interpreting x-t diagrams.

Uploaded by

susmitha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AS-2030 Gas Dynamics

Assignment-2: 2-D Oblique Waves and Moving Shock

Total Marks: 40

Total Weightage: 20%

1. Starting from the M-θ-β relation if a flow of Mach number M is turned by a very small
angle θ by a shock inclined at an angle of β to the flow show that
1
tan 𝛽 = . Give a simple interpretation of the result. (3)
√𝑀 2 −1

2. Find the maximum possible flow deflection for very large Mach number for gas with
specific heat ratio γ=1.4. (3)

3. For very large Mach number for gas with specific heat ratio γ, show that the relation
between deflection angle θ and shock angle β is independent of Mach number. Find the
expressions for the ratio of pressure, density and temperature in terms of Mach number M,
β and γ, and deduce which of these ratios are bound and which of these unbound as M tends
to infinity. Discuss what happens to these results if β is 90o (normal shock). (6)

4. Shown in the below figure is the intake of an aircraft flying at Mach 2.5 at an altitude of
15000 m (atmospheric pressure and temperature are 1.2 x 104 Pa and 216 K). A normal
shock appears at the inlet of the duct as sketched in the figure.

a. What are the conditions of the air (temperature, pressure, and entropy change) just after
it passes through the normal shock. Draw a reasonably detailed Ts diagram starting
from the freestream to the diffuser entrance just after the normal shock. (3)
b. If the single 15o wedge is replaced by two wedges of first 7o and second 8o (designed
in such a way that that the shocks don’t meet before the diffuser inlet), determine the
conditions of the air after it enters the diffuser. Compare the loss in total pressure with
that in the case of single wedge. (2)

5. Two A uniform flow of air has a Mach number of 3.3. The bottom of the duct is bent
upward at a 25° angle. At the point where the shock intersects the upper wall, the boundary
is bent 5° upward as shown below. Compute M3, β, p3/p1 and T3/T1. (2)

6. Air at total pressure of 22 bar exits a nozzle into atmosphere at 1 bar at a Mach number of
2.5. What waves are expected at nozzle exit? What is the flow Mach number and orientation
(angle relative to the nozzle axis) after encountering the waves? (3)

7. The following figure shows a half diamond airfoil of angle 10o in a Mach 2.4 freestream.
The various regions in the flow field are marked from the numbers 1-6, with 1 being the
freestream. If the airfoil is flying near sea level, where the atmospheric pressure is 1 bar,
find the lift and drag coefficients. Sketch the waves that you expect (including their
orientation relative to the horizontal direction). What is the flow direction after the trailing
edge? Find the Mach number and pressure in all the regions from 1-6. Find the entropy
change on the top and bottom sides of the air foil (from the freestream, to the after leaving
the trailing edge). (5)
8. Air enters a pipe of area ‘A’ with a Mach number of 0.6, with static pressure of 3 bar
and static temperature of 300 K. The pipe ends in a chocked converging nozzle whose
area is ‘An’. The throat area is suddenly contracted to 0.6An, which results in shock
propagation in the pipe. Find the flow velocity and pressure after the shock. (6)
Note: This is how the conditions change in the inlet of a nozzle when we reduce the
throat further after it chokes. The change in the inlet is not instantaneous but happens
after the wave informs of the change in throat and ‘instruct’ it to adjust accordingly by
reducing the mass flow (by changing Mach number and other inlet conditions).

9. A shock tube has pressure p4 in the driver section of length L1, and p1 in the driven
section of length L2, the sections being separated by a diaphragm at x=0. The
diaphragm ruptures at time t=0. Draw the x-t diagram of the shock, expansion and
contact surface until the shock reflects resulting in a pressure of p5 at the end of the
driven section. Don’t worry about the temperatures and specific heat ratios (this is not
a quantitative problem). Label each region with their respective pressures p1, p2, p3, p4
and p5. (4)
Why is p2=p3? Will T2 be equal to T3? (1)
Why does the shock and expansion waves reflect when they reach the end of the tube?
What are the boundary conditions at the tube ends? (1)

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