YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 11 (April 27-May

01)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 8)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

VOCABULARY

A) Match the vocabulary with the definitions.

1) charge _f__ a) money that is made in a business, through investing, etc., after all the
costs and expenses are paid: a financial gain.
2) competitor _d__ b) failure to keep or to continue to have something.
3) entrepreneur _g__ c) somebody who sells in small quantities directly to the ultimate
consumer.
4) loss _b__ d) someone who is trying to win or do better than all others especially in
business or sports: someone who is competing.
5) manufacturer _j__ e) payment for labor or services to a worker, especially payment on an
hourly, daily, or weekly basis or by the price.
6) profit _a__ f) to give a job or responsibility to (a person or group) : to make (a person
or group) responsible for something.
7) retailer _c__ g) a person who starts a business and is willing to risk loss in order to
make money.
8) supplier _i__ h) someone who buys large quantities of goods and resells to
9) wage _e__ i) someone whose business is to supply a particular service or commodity.
10) wholesaler _h__ j) a company that makes a product.
KEY LANGUAGE: negotiating
A) Match the questions with the answers.

1) Where is the caller based? _d__ a) From their catalogue.

2) Where did he find out about Prima’s products?_a__ b) Three hundred.
3) What kind of company does the caller work for?_f__ c) 50% of the payment before delivery.
4) What is he particularly interested in?_h__ d) The United States.
5) How many does he want?_b__ e) It reduces shipping costs.
6) Why is that a problem?_g__ f) A supplier of furniture stores.
7) What is the advantage of ordering a large amount?_e__ g) They don’t have that amount in stock.
8) What does the caller offer?_c__ h) Their Fatima lamps.
B) One word is missing from each sentence. Write it in.
1) How many would you like to order?
2) We are thinking of placing a large order.
3) I’m afraid that would be a bit difficult.
4) What about if we paid earlier?
5) How do you feel about that?
6) Let me check if I understand you.
7) Would you be able to do that?
8) That sounds fine.

1
YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 11 (April 27-May
01)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 8)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

GRAMMAR
A) Read the article and choose the correct words in italics.
Steve Fossett
Steve Fossett was always looking for adventure even as a boy in the 1950s. After some years in business,
he began / was beginning his well-known adventures, from swimming the English Channel to sailing
round the world. But Fossett is best-known for his adventures in the air –in hot- air balloons, gliders and
light aircraft. In 2005 he broke / was breaking the record for non-stop flying when he flew round the
world in 67 hours without stopping for fuel. A year later, as he attempted / was attempting to break the
record for the longest flight, he had to stop because part of his engine had failed – but he broke the
record, anyway.
Fossett’s adventures often put him in danger – in 1998, while he travelled / was travelling around the
world in a balloon, he almost died while / when the balloon fell from the sky. In the end, it was a routine
flight that took / was taking his life – he was flying a small plane across the Nevada Desert in September
2007 when he disappeared / was disappearing. No one could find him, then, some months later, a hiker
walked / was walking through the mountains in Southern California when he noticed / was noticing
some personal items which belonged / were belonging to the adventurer, and soon afterwards a search
party found / was finding the wreckage of the plane. Some time later, Fossett’s body was found – his
adventures were over.
B) Complete the text with the past simple or past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
The Vikings in America
According to Viking records, around the year 1000, while some Viking sailors (1)_were looking
for____ (look for) the coast of Greenland, they (2)_reached_____ (reach) the eastern coast of America.
While they (3)_were living______ (live) there, they (4) _tried______ (try) to trade with the local Native
Americans, known by the Vikings as Skraelings, but in the end the Native Americas (5) _fought____
(fight) them and (6) _drove_____ (drive) them out. After several attempts to return, the Vikings (7)
__gave up___ (give up). In 1968, while some archeologists (8) __were working___ (work) in
Newfoundland, they (9) _discovered_____ (discover) the remains of one of the Viking settlements, and
(10) _proved_____ (prove) that this story was true.
Charles-Marie de le Condamine
In 1735 Charles-Marie de la Condamine (11) _sailed___ (sail) to South America. At that time, scientists
(12) _were arguing___ (argue) about the shape of the Earth. The French Academy (13) _wanted____
(want) him to take measurements on the Equator, along with two other scientists. The work (14)
__took____ (take) them eight years and in the end, another scientific team (15) _found_____ (find) the
answer they (16) _were looking for____ (look for). While de la Condamine (17) _was travelling_____
(travel) home along the River Amazon, he (18) __learned___ (learn) many interesting things about the
local people and their way of life. When he (19) __arrived___ (arrive) in Paris in 1745, he (20)
__received____ (receive) a hero’s welcome.
2
YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 11 (April 27-May
01)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 8)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

C) Read the story of Archimedes and his bath. Then complete the text with the correct form of the
verb in brackets.
Archimedes, the Greek mathematician, is probably most famous for the story of King Hieron II of
Syracuse and the gold crown. The king (1) _wanted____ (want) to give a gold crown as a gift to the
gods, and (2) _gave____ (give) a carefully weighed amount of gold to a goldsmith. The man (3)
_produced_____ (produce) a beautiful crown, but the king was worried that the craftsman (4) __had
not used___ (not use) all the gold to make the crown. Dishonest craftsman often (5) __mixed_____
(mix) gold with silver, which was cheaper, but the king could not find a way of proving that the man (6)
_had done____ (do) this. He (7) __asked_____ (ask). Archimedes to solve the problem. Archimedes (8)
_knew______ (know) that gold and silver have different densities. The problem was that nobody could
calculate the mass of an object like a crown. While Archimedes (9) _was thinking_____ (think) about
this problem, he decided to go to the public baths to relax. While he (10) _was climbing_____ (climb)
into the bath, he (11) _noticed_____ (notice) some water on the floor. It (12) _spilled____ (spill) over
the side of the bath, and he (13) __realized____ (realize) that he (14) _had solved_____ (solve) the
problem by accident. The total amount of water that (15) _had spilled____ (spill) out of the bath must
be the same as the volume of his body. He could use a piece of pure gold and calculate its volume, and
then test the crown and see if it was the same. According to the story, he (16) ___jumped___ (jump)
straight out of the bath and (17) __ran____ (run) down the street calling ‘Eureka – I’ve found it’. The
goldsmith soon (18) __admitted____ (admit) that he (19) __had cheated____ (cheat) the king, and was
punished. Archimedes (20) __had discovered___ (discover) a principle of buoyancy.

D) Choose the correct form A, B or C, to complete the sentence.

On 26 December 2004, Tilly Smith, a 10-year old British schoolgirl, (1) ________ on the beach with her
family. They (2) _________ Christmas in Thailand. Suddenly Tilly (3) ________ that something was
wrong. She could see that the water (4) _________ and waves (5) ________ up the beach. The beach (6)
__________ smaller and smaller. She (7) _________ that there had been an earthquake in Sumatra that
morning, but she (8) ________ a geography lesson she (9) _________ at school just two weeks before.
So she (10) _________ her mother what she (11) ________ about earthquakes and giant waves. Luckily
for the Smith family, Tilly’s teacher Andrew Kearney (12) _________ the class about earthquakes and
(13) _________ them a video of a tsunami in Hawaii. Tilly (14) ________ screaming at her parents to
get off the beach. They (15) _________ Tilly back to their hotel, which was not too close to the shore,
and (16) ________ the alarm. One of the staff, who was Japanese, (17) _________ the word tsunami,
and (18) __________ everyone to leave the beach. From their room on the third floor, the Smiths (19)
___________ the terrible effects of the tsunami on the area. Thanks to Tilly, everybody from that beach
(20) _________ that terrible day.

1) a) walked b) had walked c) was walking

2) a) spent b) had spent c) were spending
3
YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 11 (April 27-May
01)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 8)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

3) a) felt b) had felt c) was feeling

4) a) rose b) had risen c) was rising
5) a) came b) had come c) were coming
6) a) got b) had got c) was getting
7) a) did not know b) had not known c) was not knowing
8) a) suddenly remembered b) had remembered suddenly c) was suddenly remembering
9) a) had b) had had c) was having
10 a) told b) had told c) was telling
)
11 a) learnt b) had learnt c) was learning
)
12 a) taught b) had taught c) was teaching
)
13 a) showed b) had shown c) was showing
)
14 a) started b) had started c) was starting
)
15 a) took b) had taken c) were taking
)
16 a) raised b) had raised c) were raising
)
17 a) understood b) had understood c) was understanding
)
18 a) ordered b) had ordered c) was ordering
)
19 a) watched b) had watched c) were watching
)
20 a) survived b) had survived c) was surviving
)
E) Rewrite the sentences. Use the words in brackets. Do not change the meaning of the original
sentences.
1) I put on ten pounds and then I decided to go on a diet. (by the time)
__By the time I decided to go on a diet, I had put on ten pounds._______________________
2) I bought a new English book. Later, I enrolled for English at night school. (before)
_I had bought a new English book before I enrolled for English at night school.____________
3) The prisoners ate breakfast. They went to the exercise area. (after)
_After they had eaten breakfast, they went to the exercise area.___________________________
4) We packed our suitcases and then left for the airport. (as soon as)
_As soon as we (had) packed out suitcases, we left for the airport.________________________
5) They first met in France and, three years later, they got married. (had)
_They got married three years after they had met in France._____________________________
NEW GRAMMAR
USED TO & WOULD
4
YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 11 (April 27-May
01)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 8)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

 We use used to / didn’t use to + infinitive to talk about past habits or repeated actions or situations /
states which have changed, e.g. I used to sleep for eight hours every night, but now I only sleep for
six.
 Used to doesn’t exist in the present tense. For present habits, use usually + the present simple, e.g. I
usually walk to work. NOT I use to walk to work.
 We can also use ‘would’ to refer to repeated actions in the past. However, we don’t use would for
non-action verbs (e.g. be, have, know, like, etc.). NOT I didn’t recognize him. He wouldn’t have
a beard.

I didn’t recognize him. He didn’t use to have a beard. √

When I lived in France as a child we used to have croissants for breakfast. We would buy them every
morning from the local baker. √
‘Have’ is a non-action verb, so we cannot use it with ‘would’. When we talk about a repeated action
(we would buy…), we can use would instead of used to. !! We can also say ‘we used to buy…’!!!

A) Which of the verb forms can complete the sentences below? Tick (√) all possible answers.

1) I I _____________ long blonde hair when I was first married.

a. had b. used to have c. would have
√ √
2) We _____________ Auntie Jean every time we went to London.
a. visited b. used to visit c. would visit
√
√ √
3) Pam _____________ out with Andy for six months but then she left him.
a. went b. used to go c. would go
√
4) We _____________ coffee and croissants every morning for breakfast.
a. had b. used to have c. would have
√ √
√
5) We _____________ to each other every day when we were apart.
a. wrote b. used to write c. would write
√ √ √
6) He ____________ to me for 25 years and then stopped.
a. wrote b. used to write c. would write
√
7) In the old days people ____________ you if you were in trouble.
a. helped √
b. used to help √
c. would help √
8) I _____________ living so close to the sea.
a. loved b. used to love c. would love
√ √
9) Dave _____________ Molly three times if she wanted to go out with him.
a. asked b. used to ask c. would ask
√ 5
YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 11 (April 27-May
01)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 8)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

10) I _____________ questions in class. I was too shy.

a. never asked √ b. never used to ask √ c. would never ask √

B) Complete the text with the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple, used to or would. (Remember
not to repeat used to too much.)
Reinhold Messner is often called ‘the greatest mountain climber of all time’; he was the first person
to climb all fourteen peaks of over 8,000 metres.
Messner was born near Bolzano, Italy, in 1944. This area (0)__used to belong___ (belong) to the
Austrian Empire, and is still German-speaking. When Reinhold was a child, he (1) __used to /
would go__ (go) climbing in the Dolomite Mountains with his father and brothers. He (2)
_became_____ (become) a very good climber at a young age. He first (3) _climbed___ (climb) the
Himalayas in 1970, though this expedition was a tragedy because his brother (4) _died_____ (die) on
the way down.
Messner was well-known for his attitude to the mountains: he (5) _used to climb_____ (climb) with
only light equipment, he (6) __wouldn’t request___ (not request) any outside support and he (7)
__wouldn’t take________ (not take) any extra oxygen. Apart from mountaineering, Messner (8)
_made______ (make) a number of Arctic and Antarctic crossings.
EXTRA PRACTICE
A) Complete the paragraphs with the most appropriate sentences.
1) Squirrels live mostly in the forests of Europe and north America. ___________. That is the size of two
of your hands. Behind them and often suspended over their backs are their tails, wide, upright and furry,
and almost the same size as their length. Thanks to this long tail, a squirrel can jump from one tree to
another without losing its balance.

A) It can readily run along branches

B) They are about 25 centimeters long
C) It’s an interesting method of communication
D) Some squirrel species can also fly
E) Sleeping is a great threat to squirrels

2) Snoring cures usually involve clearing the blockage in the breathing passage. This is the reason snorers
are advised to lose weight. _____________. They are also advised to stop smoking (smoking weakens
and clogs the throat), and to sleep on their side (to prevent the tongue from blocking the throat). But for
many snorers those pieces of advice are not enough.

A) This stops fat from pressing on the throat.

B) Surgery is the only option to cure snoring
C) Snoring is usually an involuntary act, but may also be produced
D) Most of the time snoring is not a health risk to the snorer
6
YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 11 (April 27-May
01)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 8)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

E) Snoring is known to ruin the lives of many people.

3) People believe that cell phones cause cancer, especially brain cancer. A few studies suggested a link with
certain rare types of brain tumors. ________ . These studies didn’t receive front-page coverage.
Therefore, most consumers could not notice them.

A) Electronic devices, like cell phones, can cause cancer in the people who use them.
B) Using a cell phone while driving increases the risk of having a car accident.
C) Keeping your hands free and your eyes on the road is a more significant issue.
D) Lower frequency radiation has not been proven to cause these DNAS changes.
E) But most studies show that there is no link between cell phone use and brain cancer.

B) Choose the correct sentence with the closest meaning to the given sentence.

1) I have persuaded Tom to become the new secretary of the club.

A) I am considering Tom for the job of secretary.

B) I asked Tom to be the secretary of the club and Tom agreed.
C) Tom is wondering whether to accept to be the secretary.
D) Tom begged to become secretary of the club.
E) I offered Tom to take the job but he didn’t accept it.

2) The only members of the cat family that can roar are lions, leopards, tigers, and jaguars but lions are by
far the loudest.

A) Like leopards, tigers, and jaguars, lions are among the members of the cat family that can roar.
B) Since lions come from the same cat family as leopards, tigers and jaguars do, they can roar as loud as
the others.
C) Lions, leopards, tigers, and jaguars are the only four cats that can roar: however, the others
can’t roar as loudly as lions do.
D) The roar of a lion is enough to make other animals, such as leopards, frightened.
E) Lions, leopards, tigers, and jaguars can roar, however, the roar of a lion is not as frightening as the
roar of the others.

3) Swimming with the dolphins was something that only a few could ever experience in their lifetime.

A) Swimming with the dolphins in an event that everybody should at least experience once in their
lifetime.
B) Although swimming with the dolphins is an unforgettable experience, only a few have the chance to
experience it.
7
YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Week 11 (April 27-May
01)
2014-2015 Supplementary Material (New Language Leader Intermediate Unit 8)

A Level Teachers’ Copy

C) Swimming with the dolphins was an event that not many had the chance to experience
throughout their lives.
D) Swimming with the dolphins was and is still something that only a few can experience it in their
lifetime.
E) Swimming with the dolphins was such an expensive experience that it could be experienced only
once in a lifetime.