Fume hood monitors

2.0
Chapter 2.0

LabSystem
Fume hood monitors

Table of contents

Section Title Page

1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2.1 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2.1.1 Actual value and switching threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1.2 Acoustic and optical alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3.1 Two different measurement types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3.1.1 Static differential pressure transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3.1.2 Dynamic sensor, air flow sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

4.1 Functional diagram FM100 fume hood monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Functional description FM100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

5.1 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

6.1 Schematic diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

6.1.1 Power supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6.1.2 CPU set-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6.1.3 Two independent watchdog circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

7.1 Terminal diagram FM100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

8.1 Function display and control panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

9.1 Measuring devices for volume flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

10.1 Performance features fume hood monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

10.1.1 Performance features FM100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
10.1.2 Performance features FM500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
10.1.3 Performance features iM50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

11.1 Product overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

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1.1 Introduction

The SCHNEIDER FM100, FM500 and iM50 monitoring

systems are designed for the functional monitoring of
ventilation in fume hoods and extraction systems.

Suitable for all constructions

A monitoring system is mandatory for all fume hoods in

accordance with DIN EN 14175. The FM100, FM500 and
iM50 fume hood monitors are suitable for fitting in all fume
hood models and constructions and are thus ideally suited
for retrofitting.

Figure 2.1: FM100 fume hood controller

Standards-compliant requirements

The standards-compliant requirements for fume hood

monitoring appliances are:

Perfect functioning of the ventilation in all fume hoods

must be monitored with an appliance that functions
automatically and operates with a secure power
supply (e.g. back-up battery). In the case of errors, an Standards
optical and acoustic alarm must be activated. It must
not be possible to deactivate the optical signalling SCHNEIDER monitoring systems fulfil all European and
device (DIN 12924, part 1 and EN 14175). American standards, such as the British Standard, DIN,
DIN EN, Norm Francaise, ASHRAE, etc.
All SCHNEIDER monitoring systems fulfil these
requirements.
2.1 Functional description
Additional configurations for all areas of application The SCHNEIDER FM100 monitoring system controls
proper functioning of the ventilation in fume hoods or
The FM100 monitoring system is available in various extraction systems.
configurations, whereby monitoring is always fully
compliant with the DIN EN 14175 standard.
2.1.1 Actual value and switching threshold

Safety in the laboratory The actual value of the volume flow is measured in the
exhaust air outlet at regular intervals.
Safe operation of the laboratory makes high demands on
the monitoring components: After internal linearisation of the actual value, an arithmetic
mean value is calculated. This ensures accurate analysis,
 Monitoring with optical and acoustic alarm when the since disturbance variables, such as air turbulence, are
minimum air volume is underrun, in accordance with eliminated to a very large degree.
DIN EN 14175
 Monitoring and malfunction notification of the internal The linearised actual value is now constantly compared
device functions and the sensor with a freely programmable setpoint volume flow.
 Volume flow measurement in exhaust air outlets,
therefore independent of the construction and model
of the sash or the fume hood
 All system parameters are saved mains voltage failure-
safe (in the EEPROM)
 Monitoring of reduced operation (night-time operation)
 Recognition and optical alarm in the case of a mains
voltage failure (operating LED flashes)
 Relay outputs with potential-free contacts for external
signalling of malfunction and operating notifications

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2.1.2 Acoustic and optical malfunction alarm Okay Fault Okay Overflow

If the measured exhaust air volume flow (actual value)

is less than the setpoint volume flow for longer than the green red green yellow

preset minimum malfunction period (standard value =

10 sec.), an acoustic and optical alarm is activated. The
red LED on the function display lights up and the piezo
buzzer signals the malfunction. The acoustic alarm can be oberer Grenzwert

acknowledged with the in-built RESET button. Actual value

If the threshold value of a second switching threshold is

exceeded, the air volume is too high. This condition is unterer Grenzwert
signalled by a yellow LED (optional). This signal is to be
considered as a warning, because in certain conditions,
an exhaust air volume flow that is too high can lead to the
escape of contaminants.

Mains voltage failure, i.e. operation via a back-up battery, Time

is signalled for example by a flashing operating or alarm
Figure 2.2: Functional diagram FM100
LED.

3.1 Two different measurement types

The difference between the heating and cooling value is
The ventilation function of a fume hood can be monitored the direct measure of the speed of the air that flows by.
with one of two different measurement methods:

Measurement of volume flow with a static differential

 Advantages and disadvantages of the various
pressure sensor measurement types
Recording of a face velocity speed with an air flow

sensor Measurement with a static differential pressure sensor is
generally more precise and more robust with regard to
disturbance variables. Due to the membrane measuring
3.1.1 Static differential pressure sensor principle, the sensor is not permeated by the air that is to be
measured and is therefore very resistant to contaminants
A static differential pressure sensor either measures via in the air. However, sufficient inflow and outflow of air
a measuring device in the exhaust air pipe or measures on the measuring tube must be ensured. The best
negative pressure in the exhaust air pipe against the room measurement results are achieved with a SCHNEIDER
pressure and provides a constant measurement signal, M-xxx maintenance-free measuring device. In this case,
independent of the volume flow. The measuring principle inflow and outflow routes are not necessary.
of the differential pressure sensor works with a membrane
which, according to the differential pressure Δp that is The air flow sensor is easier to install, but disturbance
present, acts on a bending beam. The displacement of variables such as air turbulence have a more profound
the bending beam is the direct measure of the differential effect on the measurement result. The air that is to be
pressure that is present. measured flows around the air flow sensor and the sensor
is therefore not resistant to contaminants in the air. Proper
mounting of the air flow sensor in the correct position
3.1.2 Dynamic sensor, air flow sensor significantly facilitates a reproducible measuring result.

Monitoring of a face velocity speed in the front area of the The SCHEIDER FM100 and FM500 monitoring systems
fume hood is done with an air flow sensor. Measurement work perfectly with both measuring systems and safely
takes place in the bypass, i.e. an air flow sensor mounted and reliably monitor fume hoods and extraction systems
in the fume hood roof measures the speed of the air flowing with variable or constant volume flows.
into the fume hood, which corresponds to the speed of the
air flow in the sash area. The dynamic sensor operates The iM50 monitoring system includes an integrated flow
in accordance with the calorimetric measuring principle. sensor and is therefore only suitable for monitoring the
A thermal element is heated to a specific temperature, constant face velocity.
which, depending on the air speed, is cooled more or less
by the air that flows by.

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4.1 Functional diagram FM100 fume hood

monitor

The functional diagram in figure 2.3 shows how the

SCHNEIDER FM100 fume hood monitor works.

Battery backup
Exhaust
air

2
1 Fume hood 230 VAC Power
- monitor Day/Night operation
p
+ FM100 Digital In-/Outputs 4

3
Analogue Output 5
Functional
Fume hood display Air volume display
High
m3 6
Okay h
Low
Reset

RS 232

Monitoring according to
EN 14175

Supply Service module

air SVM-100

1 Maintenance-free measuring system F1 F2 F3

2 Static differential pressure transmitter 1 2 3 Laptop

or alternate
3 Air flow sensor 4 5 6

4 Digital In-/Outputs for special application 7 8 9

5 Analogue Output (0...10 VDC) for room group controller * 0 ,

6 Optional air volume (m3/h) or air flow (m/s) display

Figure 2.3: Functional diagram FM100

1.4.1 Functional description FM100

With the SVM100 service module or a laptop with the signalled by the LEDs on the function display. Thus all
PC2500 software installed, all parameters, such as valid standards are fulfilled.
setpoint volume flows (normal operation, night-time
operation, etc.), alarm delay time, alarm threshold, etc.,
can be programmed. 5.1 Interfaces

The exhaust air volume flow or optionally the face The potential-free relay contacts for malfunction and
velocity is continuously measured and compared with the operating notifications make it possible to easily connect
programmed setpoints. When the exhaust air setpoint to the building services management (BMS).
is underrun, an optical and acoustic alarm is activated.
The acoustic alarm can be acknowledged with the Reset Analogue actual value outputs of the exhaust air volume
button, while the optical alarm is only switched off when flow make it possible to integrate with the supply and
the exhaust air setpoint is either reached or exceeded. exhaust air controller for one or more laboratories.

The Close sash LED flashes when the fume hood sash is FM100 and FM500 also have a serial or LON interface
opened more than 50 cm (working height exceeded). (optional) for BMS monitoring/control as well as a standards-
compliant analogue output 2 ...10V (corresponds to 0m3/
The emergency power pack guarantees a supply of power h...1000m3/h).
in the case of a mains voltage failure. This status is
All system data are freely programmable via the SVM100
service module.

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6.1 Schematic diagram FM100

Figure 2.4 shows the schematic diagram of the entire Output-Ports and an A/D (Analogue/Digital converter).
FM100 fume hood controller.
In addition to a CPU kernel, there is also a D/A (Digital/
Analogue converter) as well as an input and an output
1.6.1 Power supply interface on the control board. The peripheral sensors are
connected to the corresponding port cables.
All SCHNEIDER products have their own 230V AC power
supply, which eliminates the need for a 24V AC power The parameters are saved mains voltage failure-free in
supply via an external transformer. The integrated power the EE-PROM.
supply makes planning easier, generates no additional
costs and considerably improves system safety and
stability of the electronics. With an external 24 V power 1.6.3 Two independent watchdogs circuits
supply the entire supply line would fail in the case of a
short circuit or other defect. The FM100 fume hood monitor has two independent
watchdog circuits. The microcontroller is checked for errors
The external emergency power pack is installed when the at regular intervals and in the case of an error in the CPU,
mains supply does not provide an uninterrupted power one or both of the watchdog circuits trigger a hardware
supply (UPS). In the case of a mains voltage failure, this is reset, which restarts the CPU. This extended watchdog
reported and the monitoring function is maintained via the concept additionally increases operating safety.
emergency power pack.

1.6.2 CPU set-up

The CPU consists of a microcontroller with integrated

RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only
Memory) for the application software, a UART (Universal
Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter), internal timers, Input/

Figure 2.4: Schematic diagram FM100

Watchdog 2 EE-PROM

Relay Relay: Light

Operation
Alarme
Output
TTL: Display
TTL

Analogue output
for room control D/A ROM/RAM
I/O
CPU
Differential pressure transmitter
or A/D Timer
Air velocity sensor
TTL TTL: Display
Night
Watchdog 1 UART
Input
GND +5V +12V
OC: On/Off
Optocoupler

RS 232
Voltage supply

Main voltage

230/115 V AC Battery
backup
Power supply

Serial interface

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7.1 Terminal diagram FM100

Figure 2.5 shows the terminal diagram of an FM100 fume
hood monitor as well as the wiring plan and the hose
connection to a static differential pressure transmitter.

All cables are pre-assembled and ready to plug in. This

ensures that wiring is easy, cost-efficient and error-free.

The following points must be completed when carrying out

the wiring:

1. Connection of the function display cable to X7 (FAZ1).

2. Connection of the external power pack, if an

uninterrupted power supply (UPS) is not available.

3. Connection of the hoses of the differential pressure

transmitter (+) = positive pressure (red hose) and
(-) = negative pressure (blue hose)
Note: If no measuring device is available,
only attach the (-) = negative pressure hose

4. Connection of the 230 VAC power supply to terminal

X1.

5. Connection of a fluorescent tube (with electronic

ballast) for lighting the fume hood interior (optional) to
terminal X3 LIGHT FUME HOOD ON/OFF.

6. When the function display is carried out with the LED

CLOSE SASH, connect the contact to terminals X9.13
and X9.14 (contact closed = LED flashes, contact open
= LED is out).

When the parameters have been entered the set-up

is complete and the fume hood controller functions
automatically.

Technical data sheets, further information and tender

specifications for the FM100, FM500 and iM50 fume hood
monitors are available for download on the Internet at
www.schneider-elektronik.de.

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Figure 2.5: Terminal diagram FM100

Measuring tube

FLOW SENSOR
- (optional)

+
Monitoring FUNCTIONAL
according DISPLAY
to EN 14175 standard or
Fume hood customer version
High

Okay

Low

Reset Servicemodule
SVM-100

F1 F2 F3
1 2 3
4 5 6 Laptop
7 8 9
Supply air * 0 ,

- = underpressure Battery backup

+ = overpressure

STATIC DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE

TRANSMITTER
Measuring range: 5...240 Pa

X10
In1
In2
JP2 Exhaust air actual value
X7 FAZ 1 X8 2...10V DC ANALOGUE OUTPUT
GND 2...10V DC, 10mA
0...5/10V DC ANALOGUE INPUT
X6 FAZ 2
GND 0...5/10V DC, 1mA

JP1 In 1 On/Off
X5
Serial
Parallel Day/Night DIGITAL INPUTS
X4 - (black) In 2 monitoring Max. cable length <5m
Operation NO
FAULT LED-Sash
+ (red) In 3
K1: max. 3A/250V AC Fault NC position >50cm
K1
COM X9 Run
X2
3
VENTILATOR ON/OFF MOTOR ON NO
K2: max. 3A/250V AC
NC 2 TRANSFORMER
K2
COM PRIM: 230 VAC, 50/60Hz
1
LIGHT FUME HOOD SEK I: 9 V~/5 VA
ON/OFF K3 L
K3: max. 12A/250V AC L N N
X1
MAKE SURE TO EARTH X3
USE THE RIGHT
FUSES EARTH

N L

N L

FUME HOOD MONITOR

according to EN 14175

Terminal diagram FM100

Rev.: Date:
0.2 15. December 2005

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8.1 Function display and control panel

A typical function display is shown in Figure 2.6. We also provide customer-specific function displays which
SCHNEIDER offers various standard versions (see harmonise with the design of the fume hood.
Technical data sheets, Function displays on the Internet).

Figure 2.6: Function display and control panel

LED HIGH Vmax ON/OFF

This yellow LED shows that the
With the Vmax button the exhaust air
programmed exhaust air volume flow
volume flow is increased to the maximum
has been exceeded. This LED is an
value. The yellow LED HIGH flashes to
indicator that the fume hood is being
indicate that this is switched on.
operated with an exhaust air volume
flow that is too high.

RESET button
LED OK The acoustic alarm (malfunction due
This green LED lights up in the normal to insufficient exhaust air volume flow)
operating state, i.e. the fume hood is can be acknowledged by pressing the
operating with sufficient exhaust air Reset button. The optical alarm cannot
volume flow and is therefore within a be acknowledged and is only switched off
safe range. when sufficient exhaust air volume flow
can be regulated and the fume hood is
operated in a safe range.

LED LOW
This red LED lights up to signal a
malfunction, i.e. the fume hood is
operating with insufficient exhaust
LED close sash
This LED flashes as a warning signal
air volume flow and is therefore not
when the sash is open (> 50 cm). When
containment-safe.
the sash is shut the LED goes out.

Vmin with LED

With the Vmin button the exhaust air
volume flow is reduced to the minimum
value (night-time reduction). The yellow
LED shows that this is switched on.
SERVICE PLUG
Via the programming plug all
parameters, setpoints and actual values
can be programmed and displayed Light ON/OFF
locally. With this button the light in the fume hood
is switched on and off.

I/O button with LED ON

The I/O button can be deactivated via
the software, if the minimum room air
exchange done is via the fume hoods. In
this case it must not be possible to switch
off the controller.

Figure 2.7: Fume hoods with function monitoring

in accordance with DIN EN 14175
Factory picture: Wesemann

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9.1 Measuring devices for volume flow

Figure 2.7: Maintenance-free measuring device,
A suitable measurement system is vital for precise and
Model PPs, socket/socket
safe monitoring of the volume flow. For safe operation with
the static differential pressure transmitter and reproducible DN
and exact measurement results we recommend the
SCHNEIDER maintenance-free measuring device or
measuring tube.

The maintenance-free measuring device M-xxx (xxx

stands for the standard diameter) is shown in figure 2.7
and is available in the standard diameters DN160, DN200,
DN250 and DN315. The pipe connection is socket/socket
or flange/flange.

Pressure nipple

Air direction
L
The valid shield factor for the installation size used must be

-
programmed in the FM100 or FM500 monitoring system.

The measuring tube MT-xxx (xxx stands for the length) is

+
shown in Figure 2.8 and is available in lengths from 160 to
800 mm. It is suitable for fitting in pipes or angled air ducts.
The appropriate shield factor S, which is dependent on the
fitting situation, must be determined.

Both measuring devices are well suited to retrofitting. The

measuring accuracy of the maintenance-free measuring
device is better than that of the measuring tube.
Figure 2.8: Measuring tube, Model PP

10.1 Performance features fume hood

monitors

The FM100 fume hood monitor is the standard device

for volume flow monitoring. The FM500 device has an
additional relay output.

The iM50 fume hood monitor is the standard device

for monitoring face velocity and has an integrated flow
sensor.

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10.1.1 Performance features FM100

 Microprocessor controlled monitoring system Figure 2.9: FM100 fume hood monitor
    Low cost system
 Integrated power supply 230V AC
 All system data are saved mains voltage failure-safe
in the EEPROM
 Programming of all system values via service module
SVM100 or laptop computer software PC2500
 Monitoring of supply air and exhaust air systems
 Static differential pressure transmitter with long-
term stability. Measuring range: 6...240 pascal or
20...640 pascal. Optionally with air flow sensor (face
velocity)
 Monitoring of fume hood operation in accordance
with EN 14175 with acoustic and optical alarms
 Optional monitoring of exceedance of a
programmable volume flow with optical alarm
 Optical and optionally acoustic alarm for the
operating status “Sash > 50cm”
 Programming of a second monitoring value (reduced
volume flow during night-time operation)
 Emergency power pack (optional) for mains voltage
failure-safe operation
 Suitable for all fume hood constructions

10.1.2 Peformance features FM500

 Microprocessor controlled monitoring system Figure 2.10: FM500 fume hood monitor
 Integrated power supply 230V AC
 All system data are saved mains voltage failure-safe
in the EEPROM
 Separate terminal board for fast, simple cable
connection
 Pluggable mainboard for easy setup and servicing
 Programming and retrieval of all system values via
the service module SVM100 or software PC2500
 Monitoring of supply air and exhaust air systems
 static differential pressure transmitter with long-
term stability. Measuring range: 6...240 pascal or
20...640 pascal. Optionally with air flow sensor (face
velocity)
 Monitoring of fume hood operation in accordance
with
 Monitoring of fume hood operation to EN 14175 with
acoustic and optical alarms
 Optional monitoring of exceedance of a
programmable volume flow with optical alarm
 Optical and optionally acoustic alarm for the
operating status “Sash > 50cm”
 Programming of a second monitoring value (reduced
volume flow during night-time operation)
 Emergency power pack (optional) for mains voltage
failure-safe operation
 Integrated battery pack charging connection with low
voltage disconnect
 Suitable for all fume hood constructions

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10.1.3 Performance features iM50

 Microprocessor controlled monitoring system Figure 2.11: iM50 fume hood monitor
    Low cost airflow monitor as a compact fitted version
 External mains adapter 100...230V AC/24V DC
 All system data are saved mains voltage failure-safe
in the EEPROM
 Integrated password protected operating interface for
programming the face velocity alarm values (daytime
and night-time operation) and the alarm delay time
 Programming of all system values via laptop with
PC2500 software
 Monitoring of supply air and exhaust air systems
 Integrated air flow sensor 0.2...1 m/s for measuring
the face velocity
 Monitoring of fume hood operation in accordance
with EN 14175 with acoustic and optical alarms
 LED bar graph for displaying the actual value of the
face velocity in m/s and ft/min
 Optical and optionally acoustic alarm for the
operating status “Sash > 50cm”
 Programming of a second monitoring value (reduced
face velocity during night-time operation)
 Button light ON/OFF (fume hood interior)
 ON/OFF button for direct actuation of a fan
 Suitable for all fume hood constructions

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11.1 Product overview fume hood

monitors

The diagram shows an overview of the products that are Technical data sheets, further information and tender
available from SCHNEIDER in the product group Fume specifications for the FM100, FM500 and iM50 fume hood
hood controllers. controllers are available for download on the Internet at
www.schneider-elektronik.de.
See Chapter 1, Section 6.1 for the full LabSystem product
overview.

Product group Product Short description Chapter

Fume hood moni- FM100 Volume flow monitor with static differential pressure transmitter, 2.0
tors in accordance optionally face velocity control with a flow sensor
with DIN EN 14175 FM500 Volume flow monitor with static differential pressure transmitter, 2.0
optionally face velocity control with a flow sensor
iM50 Face velocity monitor with integrated flow sensor 2.0

Measuring device M-xxx Maintenance-free, self-cleaning measuring device with annuli that form 2.0
for volume flow the mean value for volume flow measurement.
MT-xxx Measuring tube, suitable for retrofitting in pipes and rectangular ducts 2.0

12 LabSystem Planning Manual ● Air technology for laboratories