580N

580SN-WT
580SN
590SN
Loader Backhoe

OPERATOR’S MANUAL

Part number 84482502

2nd edition English
October 2011
Replaces part number 84261053
 Contents

1 GENERAL INFORMATION
Intended use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
CNH America LLC technical manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Note to the owner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Read the Operator's Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Manual storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Identification numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Component Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Right, left, front and rear of the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

2 SAFETY INFORMATION
Safety rules and signal word definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Proposition 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Safety rules - General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Safety rules - Air conditioning system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Safety rules - Basic operating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Safety rules - Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Safety rules - Electrical storm safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Safety rules - Fire or explosion prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Safety rules - Fuel handling precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Safety rules - Hazardous chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Safety rules - Lifting and overhead loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Safety rules - Maintenance precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Safety rules - Mounting and dismounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Safety rules - Operator precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Safety rules - Specific precautions to this machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Safety rules - Transporting precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Safety rules - Utility precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Safety rules - Wheels and tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Ductile iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Operator protective structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Seat belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Safety decals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Bucket and hydraulic coupler decals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
Hand signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
Do Not Operate hang tag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38

3 CONTROLS/INSTRUMENTS
ACCESS TO OPERATOR'S PLATFORM
Machine access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

OPERATOR'S SEAT
Operator seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

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 FORWARD CONTROLS
Front console - Left-hand switch panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Front console - Right-hand switch panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Steering column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Gear selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Pedal controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13

RIGHT-HAND SIDE CONTROLS

Loader functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Console controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Heating, ventilation or air-conditioning control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Instrument cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
Advanced instrument cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-30

REARWARD CONTROLS
Console controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38
Backhoe controls - Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
Backhoe controls - Pilot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47

OVERHEAD CONTROLS
Dome light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52

4 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
COMMISSIONING THE UNIT
Run in period of a new machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Engine speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

STARTING THE UNIT

Before starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Normal engine starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Cold temperature operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Hot temperature operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Booster battery procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

STOPPING THE UNIT

Shutting down the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

MOVING THE UNIT

Before operating the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Uniform braking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Transmission gears. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Machine direction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Traveling on a hill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Differential lock system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Ride control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

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5 TRANSPORT OPERATIONS
RECOVERY TRANSPORT
Towing the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Transporting on a trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

6 WORKING OPERATIONS
GENERAL INFORMATION
FNR shift sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Display brightness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Maximum throttle/Cold start idle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Brake enabled idle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Throttle sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

LOADER OPERATIONS
Personal safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Job layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Comfort Steer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Detent position for 4 in 1 bucket control switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Loader digging force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Bucket level, position and depth indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Return to dig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
Lifting with the loader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20
Changing loader attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20

BACKHOE OPERATIONS
Personal safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
Basic instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
Backhoe danger area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24
Swing lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
Extendahoe lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
Stabilizer pads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
Backhoe transport position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28
Before operating the backhoe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30
Filling the backhoe bucket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-32
Power lift. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-33
Moving the machine while digging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-34
Lifting with the backhoe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-35
Changing backhoe attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-37

7 MAINTENANCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
Safety rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
General safety before you service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

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 Hour meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Support strut for loader lift arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Hood latch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Fire extinguisher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
Welding on the machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
Battery access and care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12
Fuses and relays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Definition Fuse, Relay and Diode Icon definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17
Diagnostic/service tool port. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-22
Heater coolant shutoff valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-22

MAINTENANCE CHART
Maintenance Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23

At warning message display

Engine air filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25
Hydraulic filter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-27
Fuel system water separator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-28

Initial 10 hours
Air conditioning belt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-30
Wheel nut and bolt torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-32

Every 10 hours or daily

Engine oil level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-33
Loader, backhoe, extendahoe grease fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-35

Initial 20 hours
Transmission fluid level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-44
Front axle fluid level - Four wheel drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-45
Rear axle fluid level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-46

Every 50 hours
Fuel system water separator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-47
Coolant reservoir (deaeration reservoir) fluid level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-50
Hydraulic reservoir fluid level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-51
Front axle grease fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-52
Loader hydraulic coupler lock pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-53
4 in 1 bucket pivots and grease fittings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-53

Initial 100 hours

Hydraulic filter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-55
Transmission filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-57
Fuel filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-59
Service brakes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-62

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 Parking brake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-63

Every 100 hours

Backhoe swing control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-64
Extendable dipper control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-64
Spark arresting muffler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-65

Every 250 hours

Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-66
Air conditioning belt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-67
Front axle fluid level - Four wheel drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-69
Front axle breather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-70
Front axle drive shaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-70
Rear axle fluid level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-71
Rear axle breather. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-71
Rear axle drive shaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-71
Fuel tank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-72
Transmission fluid level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-73
Air conditioning compressor seals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-74

Every 500 hours

ROPS cab and seat mount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-75
Operator's seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-77
Fuel filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-78
Engine oil and filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-81

Every 600 hours

Battery fluid level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-82

Every 1000 hours

Hydraulic fluid and filter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-84
Hydraulic reservoir breather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-86
Cab intake filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-87
Engine valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-87
Crankcase ventilation filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-87
Front axle fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-88
Rear axle fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-90
Transmission fluid and filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-91
Engine air filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-93
Parking brake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-95

Every 2000 hours

Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-96

As required
Bleed air from the fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-99
Prime turbocharger lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-101

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 Hydraulic pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-102
Tire pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-103
Operator's seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-104
Grille screen and radiator area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-106
Fan belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-107
Ride control accumulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-108
Pilot control accumulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-108
Disable parking brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-109
Auxiliary hydraulic pressure and flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-111

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Stop, tail, flasher and turn signal lamps - Cab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-113
Stop, tail, flasher and turn signal lamps - ROPS canopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-116
Driving and flood lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-118
Dome lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-121
Instrument cluster lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-122

8 TROUBLESHOOTING
ALARM(S)
Seat switch alarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

9 SPECIFICATIONS
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Powertrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Hydraulics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Travel speeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
Machine overall dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9

Loader lift capacities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16

Backhoe/extendahoe lift capacities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16
Noise levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-26
Torque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-27
10 ACCESSORIES
General accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

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 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION

1 - GENERAL INFORMATION
Intended use
This loader backhoe, with standard equipment and authorized attachments, is intended for general earth moving pur-
poses, handling, ditch digging, etc. Use only approved accessories and attachments designed for your machine. This
Operator's Manual does not include instructions for attachments. Read the manual(s) provided with the authorized
attachment to learn safe maintenance and operation of the machine. Make sure the machine is suitably equipped for
the type of work to be performed. Contact your dealer if you have any questions concerning the use of attachments
for these machines.

All persons who will be operating this machine shall posses a valid local vehicle operating permit and/or other appli-
cable local age work permits.

Do not use this machine for any purpose or in any manner other than as described in the manual, decals, or other
product safety information provided with the machine. These materials define the machine's intended use.

Consult an authorized dealer or CNH America LLC on changes, additions, or modifications that can be required for
this machine to comply with various country regulations and safety requirements. Unauthorized modifications will
cause serious injury or death. Anyone making such unauthorized modifications is responsible for the consequences.
ATTENTION: The fuel system and engine on your machine are designed and built to government emissions stan-
dards. Tampering by dealers, customers, operators, and users is strictly prohibited by law. Failure to comply could
result in government fines, rework charges, invalid warranty, legal action, and possible confiscation of the machine
until rework to original condition is completed. Engine service and/or repairs must be done by a certified technician
only!

CNH America LLC technical manuals

Manuals are available from your dealer for the operation, service, and repair of your machine. For prompt convenient
service, contact your dealer for assistance in obtaining the manuals for your machine.

Your dealer can expedite your order for Operator's Manuals, Parts Catalogs, Service Manuals, and maintenance
records.

Always give the machine name, model, and product identification number (PIN) of your machine so your dealer can
provide the correct manuals for your machine.

The company is continually striving to improve its products and therefore reserves the right to make improvements
and changes when it becomes practical and possible to do so, without incurring any obligation to make changes or
additions to the equipment sold previously.

All data given in this manual is subject to production variations.

NOTICE: Operating and service messages displayed on the electronic operating panel may vary from what is shown
in the Operator's Manual. Should this occur, adhere to the latest instruction on the electronic operating panel.

Dimensions and weights are approximate only and the illustrations do not necessarily show the machine in standard
condition. For exact information about any particular machine, consult your dealer.

1-1

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 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION

Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)

Interference may arise as a result of add‐on equipment which may not necessarily meet the required standards. As
such interference can result in serious malfunction of the unit and/or create unsafe situations, you must observe
the following:
• The maximum power of emission equipment (radio, telephones, etc.) must not exceed the limits imposed by
the national authorities of the country where you use the machine.
• The electro‐magnetic field generated by the add‐on system should not exceed 24 V/mat any time and at any
location in the proximity of electronic components.
• The add‐on equipment must not interfere with the functioning of the onboard electronics. Failure to comply with
these rules will render the warranty null and void.

Note to the owner

This manual contains important information about the safe operation, adjustment, and maintenance of your loader
backhoe. This manual is divided into chapters as outlined in the table of contents. Refer to the index at the end of this
manual for locating specific items about your machine. The loader backhoe conforms to current safety regulations.

Use this manual as a guide. Your machine will remain a reliable working tool as long as it is kept in working condition
and serviced properly.

DO NOT operate or permit anyone to operate or service this machine until you or the other persons have read and
understand the safety, operation, and maintenance instructions in this manual. Use only trained operators who have
demonstrated the ability to operate and service this machine correctly and safely.

The information in this manual is provided on the basis of information that was available at the time that the manual
was written. Settings, procedures, part numbers, software, and other items can change. These changes can affect
the service that is given to the machine. Ensure that you have the complete and most current information from your
dealer before you start any machine operation.

The Operator's Manual is to be stored in the manual compartment equipped on this machine. Make sure this manual
is complete and in good condition. Consult your dealer to obtain additional manuals or manuals in other languages.
An AEM safety booklet is included with each machine. Take the time to read the booklet and understand its content.

Contact your dealer for any further information or assistance about your machine. Your dealer has Corporation ap-
proved service parts. Your dealer has technicians with special training that know the best methods of repair and
maintenance for your machine.

1-2

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 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION

Read the Operator's Manual

Improper operation of this machine can cause death or serious injury. Before using the machine, make certain
that every operator
• is instructed in safe and proper use of the machine.
• reads and understands the manual(s) pertaining to the machine.
• reads and understands all safety decals on the machine.
• clears the area of other persons and domestic animals.
• learns and practices safe use of machine controls in a safe, clear area before operating this machine on a job
site.

It is your responsibility to observe pertinent laws and regulations and follow CNH America LLC instructions on machine
operation and maintenance.

Manual storage
Keep the Operator's Manual and the AEM safety booklet
in the storage compartment provided on the loader back-
hoe. The Operator's Manual and the AEM safety booklet
must be available for use by all operators.

RCPH09TLB001AAF 1

1-3
 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION

Identification numbers
Record the machine and part identification numbers. If needed, give these numbers to your dealer when you need
parts or information for your machine. Keep a record of these numbers and your Manufacturer’s Statement of Origin
in a safe place. If the machine is stolen, report the numbers to your local law enforcement agency.
Machine identification
Model name

PIN

Model year

The PIN plate is located on the left-hand side beneath the

pivot for the loader lift cylinder. The PIN is 17 characters
long.
NOTE: Hoses removed for illustration clarity. RCPH09TLB007AAF 1

NOTE: The PIN is also stamped on the chassis.

RCPH10TLB325AAF 2

Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS)

RCPH09TLB002AAF 3

Engine - Mechanical (580N)

The PIN plate is on the oil pan.

RCPH10TLB407AAF 4

1-4
 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION

Engine - HPCR (580SN, 580SN-WT, 590SN)

The PIN plate is on the valve cover.

RCPH10TLB325AAF 5

Transmission

RCPH09TLB004AAF 6

Front drive axle (4WD)

RCPH10TLB394AAF 7

Rear axle

RCPH09TLB006AAF 8

1-5
 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION

Hydraulic pump
Not shown

Control valve
Not shown

Loader bucket
Not shown

Bucket type

PIN

Backhoe bucket
Not shown

Bucket type

PIN

1-6
 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION

Component Identification

RCPH10TLB008FAF 1

1. Loader bucket 6. Backhoe bucket

2. Bucket cylinders 7. Stabilizer (shown in transport position)
3. Cab 8. Fuel tank and operator's step
4. Boom 9. Loader lift cylinder
5. Dipper (Extendahoe shown) 10. Lift arm support strut

1-7
 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION

Right, left, front and rear of the machine

The terms right-hand and left-hand, when used in this manual, indicate the right and left sides of the machine as seen
from the operator's seat.

RCPH09TLB002FAF 1

1. Left 3. Front
2. Right 4. Rear

1-8
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

2 - SAFETY INFORMATION
Safety rules and signal word definitions

Personal safety

This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential personal injury hazards. Obey all
safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid possible death or injury.

Throughout this manual and on machine decals, you will find the signal words DANGER, WARNING, and CAUTION
followed by special instructions. These precautions are intended for the personal safety of you and those working
with you.

Read and understand all the safety messages in this manual before you operate or service the machine.

DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. The
color associated with DANGER is RED.

WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
The color associated with WARNING is ORANGE.

CAUTION, used with the safety alert symbol, indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result
in minor or moderate injury. The color associated with CAUTION is YELLOW.

FAILURE TO FOLLOW DANGER, WARNING, AND CAUTION MESSAGES COULD RESULT

IN DEATH OR SERIOUS INJURY.

Machine safety
NOTICE: Notice indicates a situation which, if not avoided, could result in machine or property damage. The color
associated with Notice is BLUE.

Throughout this manual you will find the signal word Notice followed by special instructions to prevent machine or
property damage. The word Notice is used to address practices not related to personal safety.

Information
NOTE: Note indicates additional information which clarifies steps, procedures, or other information in this manual.

Throughout this manual you will find the word Note followed by additional information about a step, procedure, or
other information in the manual. The word Note is not intended to address personal safety or property damage.

2-1
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Proposition 65

RCIL08CCH001EAA 1

2-2
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Safety rules - General

Understand that your safety and the safety of other workers or bystanders is measured by how you service and oper-
ate this machine. Know the positions and operation of all controls before you try to operate. CHECK ALL CONTROLS
IN A SAFE AREA BEFORE STARTING YOUR WORK.

READ THIS MANUAL COMPLETELY and make sure you understand the controls. All equipment has a limit. Make
sure you understand the speed, brakes, steering, stability, and load characteristics of this machine before you start
to operate.

Most accidents involving machine operation and maintenance can be avoided by following basic safety rules and
precautions. Read and understand all the safety messages in this manual, the safety manual and the safety decals
on the machine before you operate or service the machine. See your dealer if you have any questions.

The safety information given in this manual does not replace safety codes, insurance needs, or federal, state, and
local laws. Make sure your machine has the correct equipment according to these rules or laws.

CNH America LLC is continuing to work for your safety by making loader backhoes with better protection and by
providing rules for safe operation.

• Do not rush. Walk, do not run. • Wear the seat belt to maximize the protection ca-
pability of the cab or ROPS. Inspect the mounting
• Dirty or slippery steps, ladders, walkways and plat-
bolts for the seat belt and the ROPS, if equipped,
forms can cause falls. Make sure these surfaces
on a daily basis to ensure their integrity.
remain clean and clear of debris.
• Do not permit riders on the machine or attachments.
• Wear protective equipment when appropriate. Hard
hats, protective glasses, protective shoes, gloves, • Remove all loose objects stored in the machine.
reflector type vests, respirators, and ear protection Remove all objects which do not belong in or on the
are examples of equipment that may be required. machine and its equipment.
• Certain protective equipment should be replaced • Do not operate this machine or perform mainte-
and renewed upon age and wear. Old hard hats nance work if you have not had appropriate training,
may not afford the original user's intention. Faded and read and fully understand the instructions and
and soiled vest are no longer as highly visible as warnings in this manual.
original intent. See the manufacture’s recommen-
dation.

Safety rules - Air conditioning system

• The air conditioning system is under high pressure. • Always wear safety protection when working around
Do not disconnect any lines. The release of high the liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant can cause se-
pressure can cause serious injury. rious injury to eyes and skin.
• Only a trained service technician shall service, re-
pair, or recharge the air condition system.

2-3
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Safety rules - Basic operating

• Always check the operating and the road safety of • Make sure all guards and shields are in good con-
the machine before starting. dition and properly installed before operating ma-
Always make sure the working area is clear of other chine. Never operate the machine with the shields
•
persons, domestic animals, tools, etc. before you removed. Always close access doors or panel be-
start operating the machine. fore operating the machine.

Another worker or bystander within the operating • Before starting the engine, be sure all operating
•
controls are in the neutral or park lock position.
area of a machine can be struck or crushed by the
machine or its equipment. DO NOT allow anyone • Start the engine only from the operator’s seat.
to enter the work area. Operate controls only when seated in the operator's
•
• Always sound horn before starting the machine. seat, except for those controls expressly intended
for use from other locations.
• Never operate the engine in enclosed spaces as
harmful exhaust gases may build up. • Do not allow other persons to ride on the machine
or on an attachment/implement.
• Check brakes, steering, and other machine control
devices in accordance with maintenance instruc- • Operate and drive the machine with care and at
tions, prior to starting operation. Observe all gauges speed compatible with conditions. Use extra cau-
or warning instruments for proper operation. Oper- tion when operating over rough ground, on slopes,
ate all controls to ensure proper operation. If any and when turning.
malfunctions are found, remove the key and attach If your machine has a cab, make sure that all win-
•
a 'Do Not Operate' tag on the machine until the mal- dows are clean and that the windshield wipers work
function is corrected. correctly.
• If a failure that causes loss of control such as steer- Dust, fog, smoke, etc., can decrease your vision
•
ing, service brakes, or engine occurs, stop the ma- and cause an accident. Stop the machine or de-
chine motion as quickly as possible. Make sure the crease the speed until you can see.
machine is securely parked. Remove the key and
attach a 'Do Not Operate' tag on the machine until • Understand the machine limitations and keep the
the malfunction is corrected or the machine can be machine under control.
safely towed. • Before you operate at night, check that all lamps
• illuminate.
WARNING
• Select a gear that will prevent excessive speed
Escaping fluid!
when going downhill. Do not coast downhill.
Hydraulic fluid or diesel fuel leaking
under pressure can penetrate the skin • DO NOT attempt to remove material from any part
and cause infection or other injury. To of the machine while it is being operated or compo-
prevent personal injury: Relieve all pres- nents are in motion.
sure before disconnecting fluid lines or When using the backhoe:
•
performing work on the hydraulic sys-
tem. Before applying pressure, make • Position the stabilizer pads for maximum sta-
sure all connections are tight and all bility.
components are in good condition. • Install a guard rail and warning signs to keep
Never use your hand to check for sus- other persons away from the machine if oper-
pected leaks under pressure. Use a ating in an area with reduced visibility, such as
piece of cardboard or wood for this pur- a building.
pose. If injured by leaking fluid, see your
doctor immediately. • Place the direction control lever and the trans-
Failure to comply could result in death or mission in neutral and apply the parking brake
serious injury. before turning the operator's seat around to
W0178A the backhoe position.
• Ensure the seat is locked into position.

• Make sure all components are in good condition and • Know which control pattern is engaged be-
tighten all connections before starting the engine or fore actuating the hydraulics (pilot control ma-
pressurizing the system. chines only).

2-4
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

• Use caution when swinging the backhoe com-

pletely to the side to prevent contact with the
stabilizers.

2-5
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

• Before leaving the vehicle: • WARNING

• Park the vehicle on a hard, level surface. Some components may continue to
• Put all controls in neutral or park lock position. run down after disengaging drive
systems.
• Engage the parking brake; use wheel chocks
Make sure all drive systems are
if required.
fully disengaged.
• Lower all hydraulic equipment, attachments/ Failure to comply could result in
implements or tools, to the ground. death or serious injury.
W0113A

• Shut down the engine and remove the key.

Disengage all drive systems.
• In a rare circumstance when the engine must be
running without an operator in the cab, take these • Put the transmission in neutral.
precautions: Apply the parking brake.
•
• Reduce engine speed to low idle.

Safety rules - Battery

• Follow manufacturer's instructions when storing • Frozen electrolyte can cause the battery to explode.
and handling batteries. Do not charge a frozen battery or use a frozen bat-
tery to booster start the machine. Always keep the
• Always wear eye protection when working with a
battery at full charge to prevent the electrolyte from
battery.
freezing.
• Do not create sparks or have open flame near the
battery. • WARNING
• Do not weld, grind, or smoke near a battery. Battery acid causes burns. Batteries
contain sulfuric acid.
• Ventilate when charging or using a battery in an en-
Avoid contact with skin, eyes or cloth-
closed area.
ing. Antidote (external): Flush with wa-
• When disconnecting the battery terminals, remove ter. Antidote (eyes): flush with water for
the negative (-) cable first; then remove the positive 15 minutes and seek medical attention
(+) cable. When connecting the battery terminals, immediately. Antidote (internal): Drink
connect the positive (+) cable first; then connect the large quantities of water or milk. Do not
negative (-) cable. induce vomiting. Seek medical attention
Disconnect the battery (both terminals) before weld- immediately.
•
ing on any part of the machine. Failure to do so Failure to comply could result in death or
may cause damage to sensitive electrical compo- serious injury.
W0111A

nents. For additional welding precautions, refer to

page 7-7.
• When using auxiliary batteries or connecting • Keep batteries out of reach of children and other
booster cables to start the engine, use the proce- unauthorized persons.
dure shown in this manual. DO NOT short across Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories
•
terminals. contain lead and lead compounds. Wash hands
• When working around storage batteries, remember after handling.
that all of the exposed metal parts are “live”. Never
lay a metal object across the terminals because
a spark, short circuit, explosion, or personal injury
may result.

2-6
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Safety rules - Electrical storm safety

• Do no operate machine during an electrical storm. • If an electrical storm should strike during operation,
If you are on the ground during an electrical storm, remain in the cab. Do not leave cab or operator's
•
stay away from machinery and equipment. Seek platform. Do not make contact with the ground or
shelter in a permanent, protected structure. objects outside the machine.

Safety rules - Fire or explosion prevention

• Leaked or spilled fuel/oil on hot surfaces or electrical cleaning of the machine may be necessary depend-
components can cause a fire. ing on the operating environment and conditions.
• Sparks from the electrical system or engine ex- • If the machine has an oil, fuel, or hydraulic fluid leak,
haust can cause an explosion and fire. Before you always repair the leak and clean the area before
operate the machine in an area with flammable operating.
dust or vapors, use good ventilation to remove the Keep the cooling system clean and maintain the cor-
•
flammable dust or vapors. rect coolant level.
• Engine fuel can cause an explosion or fire. Do not Do not store oily rags or other flammable materials
•
fill the fuel tank with the engine running, if you are on the machine.
near an open fire, or if you are welding, smoking,
etc. • Inspect the electrical system for loose connections
or frayed insulation. Repair or replace loose or dam-
• Do not weld or flame cut any items that contain aged parts.
flammable material. Clean items thoroughly with
non-flammable solvent before welding or flame cut- • Promptly investigate any unusual smells or odors
ting. that may occur during operation of the machine.
• Always have a fire extinguisher near or on the ma- • If you weld, grind, or use a cutting torch on the ma-
chine. Make sure the fire extinguisher(s) is main- chine:
tained and serviced according to the manufacturer’s • Clean the area to be repaired.
instructions.
• Disconnect or isolate the drive train controller.
• If a fire extinguisher has been used, always
recharge or replace the fire extinguisher before • Keep the ground cable from the welder as
operating the machine. near to the work area as possible.

• Do not expose the machine to flames, burning • Sparks or flame can cause the hydrogen gas in a
brush, or explosives. battery to explode. To prevent an explosion:

• At least once each day, and at the end of the day, • Connect the negative (-) cable last.
remove all trash and debris from the machine espe- • When connecting booster cables to start the
cially around hot components such as engine, trans- engine, use the procedure shown in this man-
mission, exhaust, battery, etc. More frequent clean- ual.
ing of the machine may be necessary depending on
the operating environment and conditions. • Do not short circuit the battery posts with
metal items.
• At least once each day, remove debris accumulation
around moving components such as bearings, pul- • Do not weld, grind, or smoke near the battery.
leys, belts, gears, cleaning fan, etc. More frequent

2-7
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Safety rules - Fuel handling precautions

• Do not smoke or permit open flames while fueling • Tighten the fuel tank cap securely. Should the fuel
or near fueling operations. cap be lost, replace it only with the original manufac-
turer's approved cap. Use of a non-approved cap
• Do not fill the fuel tank completely to the top. Allow
without proper venting may result in pressurization
room for expansion.
of the tank.
• Clean up spilled fuel immediately and dispose of
• Never use fuel for cleaning purposes.
contaminated material in an environmentally correct
manner. • Use the correct fuel grade for the operating season.

Safety rules - Hazardous chemicals

• If you are exposed to, or come in contact with, haz- will help you service the machine safely. Follow the
ardous chemicals you can be seriously injured. The information in the MSDS, on manufacturer's con-
fluids, lubricants, paints, adhesives, coolants, etc. tainers, as well as the information in this manual
required for the function of the machine can be haz- when servicing the machine.
ardous. They may be attractive and harmful to do- Dispose of all fluids, filters, and containers in an en-
•
mestic animals as well as humans. vironmentally safe manner according to local laws
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provide infor- and regulations. Check with local environmental
mation about chemical substances within a prod- and recycling centers or your dealer for correct dis-
uct, safe handling procedures, first aid measures, posal information.
and procedures to be taken in the event of a spill or Store fluids and filter in accordance with local laws
•
accidental release. MSDS are available from your and regulations. Use only appropriate containers
dealer. for the storage of chemicals or petrochemical sub-
• Before you service the machine, check the MSDS stances.
for each lubricant, fluid, etc. used in the machine. Keep out of reach of children or other unauthorized
•
This information indicates the associated risks and persons.

Safety rules - Lifting and overhead loads

• Never lift loads in excess of capacity. • Never enter or permit anyone to enter the area
underneath raised equipment. Equipment and/or
• Carry loads in recommended positions for maxi-
loads can fall unexpectedly and crush persons
mum stability.
underneath it.
• Never use buckets, forks, etc. or other lifting, han-
• Do not leave equipment in raised position while
dling, or digging equipment to lift persons.
parked or during service, unless securely sup-
• Do not use raised equipment as a work platform. ported. Hydraulic cylinders must be mechanically
• Know the full area of movement of the machine and locked or supported if they are left in a raised posi-
equipment and do not enter or permit anyone to tion for service or access.
enter the area of movement while the machine is • Buckets, forks, etc. or other lifting, handling, or dig-
in operation. ging equipment and its load will change the center
of gravity of the machine. This can cause the ma-
chine to tip on slopes or uneven ground.

2-8
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

• Load items can fall off the bucket or lifting equipment • Equipment and associated loads can block visibility
and crush the operator. Care must be taken when and cause an accident. Do not operate with insuffi-
lifting a load. Use proper lifting equipment. cient visibility.
• Use the recommended machine ballast and coun-
terweighting.
• Do not lift load higher than necessary. Lower loads
to transport. Remember to leave appropriate clear-
ance to the ground or other obstacles.

Safety rules - Maintenance precautions

• Keep area used for servicing the machine clean and • Scalding can result from incorrect removal of
dry. Clean up spilled fluids. coolant caps. Cooling system operates under pres-
sure. Hot coolant can spray out if a cap is removed
• Service machine on firm level surface.
while the system is hot. Allow the system to cool
• Do not attempt service unless trained. Refer to before removing cap. When removing a cap, turn
manuals and experienced service personnel for it slowly to allow pressure to escape before com-
help. pletely removing the cap.
• Wear protective glasses and other required safety • Engine, transmission, exhaust components, and
equipment when servicing the machine. hydraulic lines may become hot during operation.
• Wear gloves to protect hands when handling ca- Take care when servicing such components. Allow
bles. surfaces to cool before handling or disconnecting
hot components. Wear protective equipment where
• Disconnect the battery before working on the elec- appropriate.
trical system. Know the consequences of discon-
necting any electronic or computer devices. • Continuous long term contact with hydraulic fluid
may case skin cancer. Avoid long term contact and
• Do not attempt to clean, lubricate, clear obstruc- wash the skin promptly with soap and water.
tions, or make adjustments to the machine while it
is in motion or while engine is running. • When replacing hardened pins, use a brass drift or
other suitable material between the hammer and
• If the engine must be in operation to make certain pin.
adjustments, place the transmission in neutral, ap-
ply the parking brake, place the equipment in a safe • When welding, follow the instructions in this man-
position, securely block the wheels, and use ex- ual. Always disconnect battery before welding on
treme caution. machine. Always wash your hands after handling
battery components.
• Unsupported hydraulic cylinders can lose pressure
and drop the equipment causing a crushing haz- • Keep the brakes and steering systems in good op-
ard. Do not leave equipment in a raised position erating condition.
while parked or during service, unless securely sup- • Replace all missing, illegible, or damaged safety
ported. signs. Keep all safety signs clean.
• Shut down the engine, remove the key, and re- • Install guards and shields after servicing the ma-
lieve the pressure before disconnecting or connect- chine.
ing fluid lines.
• Close all access doors and install all panels after
• Shut down the engine and remove the key before servicing the machine.
disconnecting or connecting electrical components.
• Always make sure working area is clear of tools,
• Replace damaged or worn tubes, hoses, electrical parts, other persons, and domestic animals before
wiring, etc. you start operating the machine.

2-9
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Safety rules - Mounting and dismounting

• Face the machine when mounting and dismounting. • Never mount or dismount from a moving machine.
• Mount and dismount the machine only at desig- • Do not use the steering wheel or other controls or
nated locations that have hand holds, steps, or lad- accessories as hand holds when entering or exiting
ders. the cab or operator's platform.
• Maintain a three-point contact with steps, ladders, • Make sure steps, ladders, and platforms remain
and hand holds. clean and clear of debris and foreign substances.
Injury may result from slippery surfaces.
• Do not jump off the machine.

Safety rules - Operator precautions

• Continuous long term contact with hydraulic fluid reflector type vests, respirators, and ear protection
may cause skin cancer. Avoid long term contact and are examples of equipment that may be required.
wash the skin promptly with soap and water. Walk around the work area before you start and
•
• Know and understand the job site traffic flow pat- look for hazards. Note and avoid all hazards and
terns and obey signalmen, road signs, and flagmen. obstructions such as ditches, underground lines,
trees, cliffs, overhead electrical wires, or areas
• Know and use the hand signals required for partic-
where there is danger of a slide.
ular jobs, and know who has the responsibility for
signaling. Refer to page 2-34. • Do not operate the machine if you do not feel well.
This can be dangerous for you and for the people
• Know and understand that job site conditions may
around you.
change on an hourly basis. Hills of dirt, debris, or
obstructions may grow and change from the time • Do not operate the machine while under the influ-
you began the day. It is your responsibility to mon- ence of alcohol, drugs, or while otherwise impaired.
itor the changes and keep the machine, tools, and OSHA requirements make it the employer’s respon-
•
attachments/implements, etc. a safe distance. sibility to fully instruct each operator in the proper
• Keep clear of moving parts. Loose clothing, jewelry, and safe operation of all operative equipment. Both
watches, long hair, and other loose or hanging items employer and employee should thoroughly familiar-
can become entangled in moving parts. ize themselves with this manual and the AEM safety
booklet.
• Wear protective equipment when appropriate. Hard
hats, protective glasses, protective shoes, gloves,

2 - 10
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Safety rules - Specific precautions to this machine

• Keep the load or tool as low as possible while mov- • Release all hydraulic pressure before servicing the
ing the machine around the work site. machine.
• Adjust the rear window before actuating the back- • You must know which circuits have accumulators
hoe hydraulics. The rear window could come into and how to release pressure properly.
contact with the control lever. Always use the lift arm support strut when servicing
•
• Pilot control machines are equipped with two back- the machine with lift arms up.
hoe control patterns. You must know which pattern
the machine is in, before operating the machine (ac-
tuating the hydraulics).

Safety rules - Transporting precautions

• Comply with local laws and regulations. • Lock the brake pedals together when roading to pro-
vide equalized brake application.
• Use appropriate lighting as defined by local regula-
tions. A rotating beacon is recommended. • Lift implements and attachments high enough
above ground to prevent accidental contact with
• Make sure the slow moving vehicle (SMV) and/or
road.
speed indicator symbol (SIS) is visible.
• Be aware of overhead structures or power lines
• Never transport the machine without the backhoe
and make sure the machine and/or attachments
in the transport position with the swing lock pin in-
can pass safely under.
stalled.
• Travel speed should be such that complete control
• Incorrect towing procedures can cause accidents.
and machine stability is maintained at all times.
When towing a disabled machine, follow the proce-
dure in this manual. Use only rigid tow bars. • Slow down and signal before turning.
• When absolutely necessary to tow the machine, do • Pull over to allow faster traffic to pass.
not exceed the recommended towing speed. Be Use approved drawbar and/or attachment point, (if
•
sure the towing machine has sufficient braking ca- equipped), if using your machine to tow another ma-
pacity to stop the towed load. If the towed machine chine. If a cable or chain is used, keep people away
cannot be braked, a towbar must be used or two from the tow line.
towing machines must be used - one in front pulling
and one in the rear to act as a brake. Avoid towing • Follow correct towing procedure for equipment with
over long distances. or without brakes.

2 - 11
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Safety rules - Utility precautions

• During operation it is likely that you will be working Water Blue

around or near buried utility lines which may include, Sewer Green/Brown
but are not limited to: Proposed excavation White
• Electrical power line Surveying Pink
Reclaimed water and slurry Purple
• Gas line
• Water line • Make sure the machine has sufficient clearance
Communication line - telephone or cable tele- to pass in all directions. Pay special attention to
•
vision overhead power lines and hanging obstacles. High
voltage lines may require significant clearance for
• Sewer line safety. Contact local authorities or utilities to obtain
• When digging or using ground engaging equipment, safe clearance distances from high voltage power
be aware of buried cables and other services. Con- lines.
tact your local utilities or authorities, as appropriate, • Retract raised or extended components, if neces-
to determine the locations of services. sary. Remove or lower radio antennas or other ac-
• In U.S.A. and Canada call one of many One Call cessories. Should contact occur between the ma-
System Director services. If you do not know the chine and an electric power source, the following
local number, call the national number (U.S.A. and precautions must be taken:
Canada only): 1-888-258-0808. This number will • Stop the machine movement immediately.
direct you to the state or regional utility that assists
with excavation activity. • Apply the parking brake, shut down the en-
gine, and remove the key.
• After locating any buried utility lines, carefully dig a
hole by hand and/or automatic vacuum equipment • Check if you can safely leave the cab or your
to the utility line to verify the location and depth of actual position without contact with electrical
the line. wires. If not, stay in your position and call for
help. If you can leave your position without
• Where applicable, know the utility color code. touching lines, jump clear of the machine to
make sure you do not make contact with the
Electric Red ground and machine at the same time.
Gas, oil, or petroleum Yellow
Communication, telephone, Orange • Do not permit anyone to touch the machine
television until power has been shut off to the power
lines.

Safety rules - Wheels and tires

• DANGER
Explosion hazard!
• Tires are heavy. Handling tires without the proper
Welding to a wheel can create an explo-
equipment could cause death or serious injury.
sive air and gas mixture. Removing air
from the tire or loosening the tire on the • Make sure tires are correctly inflated. Do not ex-
wheel (breaking the bead) will NOT elimi- ceed recommended load or pressure. Follow in-
nate the hazard. ALWAYS remove the tire structions in this manual for proper tire inflation.
completely from the wheel before weld- Always have a qualified tire technician service the
•
ing. tires and wheels. If a tire has lost all pressure, take
Failure to comply will result in death or the tire and wheel to a tire shop or your dealer for
serious injury. service. Explosive separation of the tire can cause
D0033A

serious injury.

2 - 12
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Ductile iron
Before you weld, cut, or drill holes on any part of this machine, make sure the part is not cast ductile iron. See your
dealer if you do not know if a part is cast ductile iron. The following are cast ductile iron parts:
• two wheel drive steering link
• dump links
• front axle
• stabilizers
• extendable dipper
• swing tower
• bucket linkage

Unauthorized modifications to cast ductile iron parts can cause injury or death. Welding, cutting, or drilling can cause
cast ductile iron to break. Do not weld, cut, or drill to repair or to attach items to cast ductile iron parts on this machine.

Operator protective structure

DANGER
Crushing hazard!
DO NOT operate the machine with the Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS) removed. Remove the
ROPS only for service or replacement.
Failure to comply will result in death or serious injury.
D0032A

Your machine is equipped with a ROPS (cab or canopy) protective structure.

A ROPS label is fastened to the protective structure and shows the ROPS PIN, the gross weight, approval, regulation,
and model numbers of the machine.

The protective structure is a special safety component of your machine.

DO NOT attach any device to the protective structure for pulling purposes. DO NOT drill holes into the protective
structure.

After an accident, fire, tip over, or roll over, the following MUST be performed by a qualified technician before
returning the machine to field or job side operation:
• The protective structure MUST be replaced.
• The mounting or suspension for the protective structure, operator's seat and suspension, seat belt and mounting
components, and wiring within the protective structure MUST be carefully inspected for damage.
• All damaged parts MUST be replaced.

DO NOT WELD, DRILL HOLES, ATTEMPT TO STRAIGHTEN, OR REPAIR THE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE. MOD-
IFICATION IN ANY WAY CAN REDUCE THE STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY OF THE STRUCTURE WHICH COULD
CAUSE DEATH OR SERIOUS INJURY IN THE EVENT OF FIRE, TIP OVER, ROLL OVER, COLLISION, OR ACCI-
DENT.

Seat belts are part of the protective system and must be worn at all times. The operator must be held to the seat
inside the frame in order for the protective system to work.

2 - 13
 2 - SAFETY INFORMATION

Seat belt
WARNING
Roll-over hazard!
Securely fasten the seat belt. Your machine is equipped with a Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS)
cab, ROPS canopy, or ROPS frame for your protection. The seat belt can help ensure your safety if it
is properly used and maintained. Never wear a seat belt loosely or with slack in the belt system.
Failure to comply could result in death or serious injury.
W0143A

Seat belts must be worn at all times.

• Keep seat belts in good condition.

• Keep sharp edges and items that can cause damage away from the belts.
• Periodically check belts, buckles, retractors, tethers, slack take-up system, and mounting bolts for damage.
• Replace all parts that have damage or wear.
• Replace belts that have cuts that can make the belt weak.
• Check that bolts are tight on the seat bracket or mounting.
• If belt is attached to seat, make sure seat or seat brackets are mounted securely.
• Keep seat belts clean and dry.
• Clean belts only with soap solution and warm water.
• Do not use bleach or dye on the belts, because this can make the belts weak.

Fasten/release
1. Pull the right-hand belt strap from the retractor.
2. Insert the metal end into the latch mechanism of the
left-hand side of the seat.

RCPH10TLB155AAF 1

3. To release, press the red button on the latch mech-

anism. The seat belt will automatically retract.

RCPH10TLB156AAF 2

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