MODULE 2: MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING

COMPETENCIES (MELCs)

LESSON 1: BACKGROUND, RATIONALE, AND DEVELOPMENT OF MELCS

ACTIVITY 1.
Answer the following reflective questions in your Study Notebook:
1. The closure of schools around the world due to the global pandemic posed
serious challenges on the delivery of quality basic education. As a teacher,
what do you think are the fundamental concerns in terms of curriculum
standards that need to be addressed in order to ensure learning continuity?
Cite a specific example. Do you think these concerns could be solved by
teachers alone? Why or why not?

ANSWER:

With this global pandemic we have today, this makes education for children
more difficult to achieve. This also brings a big challenge to the department of
education to conduct education in this new normal situation. The best way to
address the problem is to adapt this new normal learning by shifting to
distance or modular learning. With this strategy, we can ensure learning
continuity. These concerns are not for teachers alone but also with the
collaboration of all the dead forces teaching and non-teaching staff. And of
course through parents’ learner’s and stakeholders support.

2. Even prior to the spread of COVID-19 that eventually led to the closure of
schools nationwide, the congested curriculum has been a perennial problem of
teachers (Andaya, 2018). This is perceived to be one of the hindering factors on
the poor performance of Filipino learners. Do you agree with this observation?
Why or why not?

ANSWER: Yes, I agree in the department of education several curriculums had

higher standard education and can produce a globally competitive learner. But
due to the congested curriculum ,we cant achieve our goals. Students cant
cope up with the content standard sometimes it takes time to finish a full
quarter subject with a limited time allotment.

ACTIVITY 2.
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on the Development and Design of
the MELCs. After going through the document, provide a brief and concise
response to the following guide questions. Write your answers in your Study
Notebook.

1. What are the general and specific purposes of the development of MELCs?

ANSWER:
The Department of Education’s Bureau of Curriculum Development developed
MELCs to cope with drastic change in the educational atmosphere due to

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COVID 19 pandemic .The focus of instruction was streamlined to the most
essential or the most indispensable learning competencies.
-MELCs is also developed in response to the UNESCO’s fourth sustainable
development goal and that is to develop resilient educational systems, most
especially during emergencies.
-MELCs can be used as a mechanism to ensure educational continuity.
- the MELCs intend to assist schools in navigating the limited number of school
days as they employ multiple delivery schemes by providing them ample
instructional space.

2. How does curriculum review aid in the identification of essential learning

competencies?

ANSWER:
- skills among the learning competencies for each subject area.
-Curriculum review mapped the essential and desirable learning competencies
within the curriculum .It helped in the identification of areas for improvement
that would enhance the learning engagement, experience and outcomes and
consequently recommend solutions. In addition it analyze the
interconnectedness of prerequisite knowledge and skills among the learning
competencies for each subject area.

3. What is the difference between essential learning competencies and

desirable learning competencies?

ANSWER:

Essential learning competencies are defined as what the student’s need,

considered indispensable, in the teaching-learning process to building skills to
equip learners for subsequent grade levels and subsequently for a lifelong
learning. On the other hand, desirable learning competencies were defined
as what may enhance education but may not be necessary in building
foundation skills.

4. How were the most essential learning competencies identified? What were
the decisions made in order to trim down the number of the essential learning
competencies further?

ANSWER:

Learning competencies are identified by knowing the following characteristics.

-it is applicable to real-life situations.
-it would be important for students to acquire the competency after she /he left
that particular grade level.
-it is aligned with national, state ,and /or local standards/frameworks(e.g.
Scientifically -literate Filipinos)

-it would not be expected that most students would learn this through their
parents/communities if not taught at school.
-it connects the content to higher concepts across content areas.

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5. What is the importance of the MELCs in ensuring the delivery of quality
instruction?
ANSWER:

-MELCs ensure delivery of quality instruction as it becomes the primary

reference in determining and implementing learning delivery approaches that
are suited to the local context and diversity of learners while adapting to the
challenges posed by COVID-19

ACTIVITY 3.
Prepare a copy of your learning area’s original K-12 Curriculum Guide and
corresponding list of MELCs.
Go to the sections of the curriculum guide and MELCs that are relevant to your
instructional needs. Copy and accomplish the following table in your Study
Notebook and compare the two documents to determine which learning
competencies were retained, dropped, or merged.
Kt
K to 12 Learning MELCs
Competencies
Merged/Clustered
Retained illustrates the illustrates the
different subsets of different subsets
real numbers. of
arranges real real numbers.
numbers in arranges real
increasing or numbers in
decreasing order increasing or
and on a number decreasing order
line and on a number
line
Dropped
o1

ACTIVITY 4.
In your LAC Session, discuss and share your answers to Activities 1-3 in this
lesson. Discuss any questions about the MELCs that need clarification as well.
Share your thoughts and let your co-teachers articulate their insights
regarding your questions. Jot down all the insights shared in the discussion,
including your own, in your Study Notebook.2

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MODULE 2: MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELCs)

LESSON 2: UNPACKING AND COMBINING MELCS INTO LEARNING

OBJECTIVES

ACTIVITY 1.
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on Unpacking and Combining the
MELCs. After reading the document, provide a brief and concise response to
the following guide questions in your Study Notebook:

1.What is the importance of unpacking and combining the MELCs?

ANSWER:

-We need to unpacked MELCs to help us systematize learning activities and

effectively address the varying needs of learners and the challenges of
instructional deliveries.

2. What considerations must be taken in unpacking and combining the

MELCs? Explain
each.

ANSWER:

- Alignment on the Content and Performance Standards-The MELCs are not a

departure from the standard- based design. We must consider this to achieve a
quality teaching output.
-Prerequisite knowledge and skills –curriculum objective must be hierarchy.
Mastering Fundamental Knowledge is a must before going to the other level of
learning
-Logical sequence of learning objectives-We cant give a better learning ideas to
our students if our objective is not logical sequence. Planning what are the
most important objective is key frame in achieving better understanding of our
learners.

3. Do all the MELCs need to be unpacked or combined? Why or why not?

ANSWER:

-The teacher may unpacked or combined the MELCS depends on sequence of

the lesson ,the progress and needs of learners as long as the content and
standard will be achieved.

ACTIVITY 2.
1. Form a group of four members within your LAC, preferably with fellow
teachers in your respective learning area.

2. Using the curriculum guide and a list of the MELCs, choose MELCs in the
first quarterand unpack these into learning objectives.
3. Each team will present their unpacked learning objectives. Discussion and
processing will follow each presentation. Suggestions and insights from each
group will be considered in

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enhancing the learning objectives.

ANSWER:
Unpacking MELCs Sample

L
SSaSSAMPLE MELCs LLearning Objectives

.>.Define subsets of real

M7NS-Ih-1 numbers,
illustrates the different subsets .Describe and illustrate subsets
of of real numbers, and
real numbers. .Differentiate the different
arranges real numbers in subsets of real numbers.
increasing or decreasing order . Arrange real numbers in
and on a number line. increasing and decreasing order
and on a number line.

COMBINING MELC SAMPLEarning

QUARTER CONTENT PERFORMANCE MELCs

STANDARD STANDARD
FIRST The learner The learner is able illustrates
demonstrates to the different
understanding of formulate subsets of
key challenging real
concepts of sets situations numbers.
and involving sets arranges
the real number and real real
system. numbers and numbers in
solve these in a increasing
variety of or
strategies. decreasing
order
and on a
number
line.