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Spread Spectrum Modulation Unit 8

Spread spectrum modulation uses wide bandwidth signals to transmit information. It has three key characteristics: double modulation so it barely interferes with other signals, wide bandwidth and low peak power, and it is hard to detect and intercept without proper equipment. It has many applications including military operations, cordless phones, GPS, digital cellular, wireless LANs, wireless PANs, wireless MANs, and wireless WANs. Direct sequence spread spectrum spreads the data by chopping it into chips at a higher chip rate. Frequency hopping spread spectrum avoids interference by rapidly switching frequencies. Pseudorandom noise sequences are used to spread and recover the signal. Spread spectrum provides resistance to jamming and immunity to multipath interference

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39 views21 pages

Spread Spectrum Modulation Unit 8

Spread spectrum modulation uses wide bandwidth signals to transmit information. It has three key characteristics: double modulation so it barely interferes with other signals, wide bandwidth and low peak power, and it is hard to detect and intercept without proper equipment. It has many applications including military operations, cordless phones, GPS, digital cellular, wireless LANs, wireless PANs, wireless MANs, and wireless WANs. Direct sequence spread spectrum spreads the data by chopping it into chips at a higher chip rate. Frequency hopping spread spectrum avoids interference by rapidly switching frequencies. Pseudorandom noise sequences are used to spread and recover the signal. Spread spectrum provides resistance to jamming and immunity to multipath interference

Uploaded by

renuka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Spread Spectrum Modulation

Unit 8

1
Digital Communication System

2
DS Spread spectrum system

3
What is SS?
• Double modulated signal, so has to barely
interfere with any other operating signal of
same freq.
• Wide bandwidth and low peak power
• Hard to detect, even harder to intercept or
demodulate without the proper equipment

4
Uses of Spread spectrum: Applications
• Military operations
– Different modulation and encoding techniques
• Cordless Phones
• GPS global positioning systems
• Digital Cellular
• Personal Communications
• Wireless LANs-WLANs
• Wireless Personal Area Network-WPANs
• Wireless MANs-WMANs
• Wireless WANs-WMANs

5
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

Generation:
Bit rate fc is greater than fb.
g(t) “chops the bits of data into chips” rate of
g(t) is chip rate
Spread is increased by fc/fb.
Recovery:

6
Block diagram of DSSS

7
Spreading Spectrum

8
PN Sequence and Chopping

9
Single tone interference

10
Uses of SS
• Charateristics
– They are difficult to intercept for an unauthorised
person
– They are easily hidden.
– They are resistance to jamming
– They provide measure of immunity to disortion
due to multipath propagation
– They have Multiple access capability.

11
Ranging using DS spectrum

12
Frequency Hoping SS
• FH is FM/FSK technique
• DSSS is AM/BPSK technique
• Adv of FH is to avid in-band interfering signal
• Pe is more
– Hence need for coding
• Near far problem
– No near far problem
• Spectrum of FHSS
• Generation & Recovery
– Problem major is SYNCHRONISATION

13
Spectrum of FHSS

14
FHSS

15
Generation & Characteristics of PN
code
• Sequence length
• Properties of shifted sequence
• Auto correlation of PN sequence
• PSD

16
PN sequence generation

17
Autocorrelation

18
Synchronization of SS

19
TDMA

Need very good synchronization, and some time overheads.


No frequency guard bands, but need time slot guards , and
some framing overheads.
20
FDMA

Accurate Guard bands are required


21

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