Concept of Child Health

PEDIATRIC NURSING
CONCEPT OF CHILD HEALTH
The term pediatric is derived from the Greek words- Pedia- child, iatrike- treatment, ics- branch
of science. Pediatric means the science of child care and scientific treatment of childhood
disease. Pediatric is synonymous with child health.
Abraham Jacobi
Pediatrics as a specialized field of medicine continued to develop in the mid-19th century;
German physician Abraham Jacobi (1830–1919) is known as the father of American pediatrics
because of his many contributions to the field.
The First Pediatrician
The Swedish physician Nils Rosén von Rosenstein (1706–1773) is considered to be the founder
of modern pediatrics as a medical specialty, while his work The diseases of children, and their
remedies (1764) is considered to be "the first modern textbook on the subject".
DEFINITION
Pediatric nursing can be defined as the branch of medical science that deals with the care of
childhood from conception to adolescent in health and illness. It concern with prevention,
promotion, curative and rehabilitative care of children.
TRENDS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING
The current trends in the practice are based on research that have taken place in the field of
pediatric nursing. The common trends are as following: Family centred care High technology
care Evidence –based practice Atraumatic care Cost containment Prevention and health
promotion.
ROLE OF THE PEDIATRIC NURSE
The role of pediatric nurse is both caring and curing. Caring is a continuous process in both
wellness and illness. It refers a helping, guiding and counseling. Curing refers to the act of
diagnosis and management, usually during illness.  Pediatric nurse have the responsibilities of
providing nursing care in hospital, home, clinical, school and community where children and
their parents have health and counseling needs.
Pediatric nurses are registered nurses who specialize in caring for patients from birth through
adolescence. They must have a deep knowledge of child growth and development as diseases
and conditions in children often present and are treated differently than in adults.
Name of the topic : Child Health situation in Bangladesh
Time : 1 hour
Objectives:
At the end of session participants will be able to:
 Discuss the mortality and morbidity rate in Bangladesh;
 Understand the child health problems in Bangladesh;
 Explain the future trend of pediatric nursing.
Lesson Structure
Time Contents Teaching approach/Notes
3 min Clear introduction about today’s Lead students to create interest
sesson objectives.
10 min Discuss the term mortality and Discuss & think the term with students’peer. 1
morbidity rate in Bangladesh. or 2 students will present what they discussed.
20 min Explain the child health Explain & think the child health problems,
problems in Bangladesh. Discuss what students thought.
15 min Discuss the future trend of Discuss the future trend of pediatric nursing,
pediatric nursing. Student will paid attention & writing for 5 min.
12 min Knowledge check Question 1 or Each 3 min X 2
2 & answer,summery Give answers & summery based on answer.
Materials: Hand out after session.

Assingment/homework: Receive a child on admission.
Global Scenario
Every year more than 10 million children below 5 years die throughout the world. The causes of these
deaths remain ARI (mostly pneumonia), diarrhoea, malaria, malnutrition & high perinatal deaths. Most of
these deaths occur in Asia region particularly South-East Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Bangladesh Scenario
In Bangladesh the major illnesses contributing to under 5 children mortality and neonatal deaths i.e
pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria, malnutrition & high perinatal deaths.
Mortality Rate in Bangladesh

Child Health Indicators:
 Neonatal mortality rate ----------- 18.4/1000 live births in 2017
 Infant mortality rate ----------- 31.7/1000 live births.
 Under-5 mortality rate -------- 32.4/1000 live births in 2017.
Child Health Problems in Bangladesh
Major causes of death in children under five:
 Pneumonia
 Diarrhea
 Malaria
 Measles
 Malnutrition
The Government of Bangladesh has taken various steps to reduce IMR:
 EPI program
 DDCP-ORS, Rice water, cholera saline are used to combat dehydration
 ARI Program
 Under five clinic
 Antenatal clinic
 Breast feeding Program
 Feeding and nutritional program
 MCH institute and hospitals
 Baby friendly hospital
 Highly specialized course for doctors
 Specialized course of nurses
 Extensive public awareness program through all sorts of medias, seminars, workshops, rally,
drama etc
Name of the topic : Roles and functions of the Pediatric nurse.
Time : 1 hour
Objectives:
At the end of session participants will be able to:
 Enrich knowledge regarding different types of roles as a pediatric nurse ;
 Understand the roles & functions of pediatric nurse;
 Discuss the future trend of pediatric nursing.
Methods of Instruction:
 Lecture;
 Participatory discussion;
 Brain storming;
Materials: Hand out after session.
Assingment/homework: Receive a child on admission.
Roles of the Pediatric Nures:
The pediatric nurse is the vital person to perform any role with the pediatric patients. The pediatric nurses
have to perform the different roles. The different roles as a pediatric nurse are as following:
Primary Roles:
 Caregiver
 Advocate
 Educator
 Researcher
 Manager/Leader
Secondary roles:
 Coordinator
 Communicator
 Consultant
Differentiated practice roles:
 Clinical care coordinator
 Care Manager
 Clinical nurse
Advanced Practical Roles:

 Nurse practitioner
 Clinical Nurse Specialist
 Case Manager
Function of the Pediatric Nurse:

1. Encouragement to children and parents participation in child care.
2. Support psychologically and emotionally to the child and family to adapt with illness.
3. Allow child to express feelings about illness and hospitalization.
4. Preparation of children and parents for procedure and surgery (incase of surgery).
5. Provide information about illness, hospital procedures, treatment plan, discharge plan and
possible outcome of the illness.
6. Delicate family members during illness of child and hospitalization.
7. Promotion of therapeutic relationship.
8. Counseling the child and family about health, illness, prevention of disease and promotion of
healthful practices.
9. Provide economical support for child care.
10. Strengthening the coping mechanism and monitoring emotional reactions of child and parents.
11. Provide information about community resources, health care facilities and referral services.
12. Clinical rounds, case study, case discussion etc. are essential aspects to the solution of Childs
problems.
13. Promotion of growth and development of children.
14. Ensure safety measure for prevention of injury and illness.
15. Meet the health needs and rehabilitation of the child, family and community.
16. Provide physical care of the children through rest, comfort, diet arrangement, administration of
medication and other therapies.
17. Maintenance of safe and supportive environment.
18. Cooperation and coordinate towards better child care.
Future Trend of Pediatric Nursing
Focus on health promotion:

 Nursing practice changes from care provider to manager of care (perform to collaborative)
 Nurses roles.
 Ambulatory care (prevention and health teaching).
 Home care
 Community care.

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PEDIATRIC NURSING

CONCEPT OF CHILD HEALTH

The First Pediatrician

TRENDS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING

ROLE OF THE PEDIATRIC NURSE

Materials: Hand out after session.

Mortality Rate in Bangladesh

Advanced Practical Roles:

Function of the Pediatric Nurse:

Future Trend of Pediatric Nursing

Focus on health promotion:

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