Review Paper

The Application of Object-Oriented

Method in the Development of Large and
Complex Test Projects
by Li Chen, Hui Peng, Lin Jiang

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PROF. SANDEEP KUMAR

ADITYA RAI 19114004

GAGAN SHARMA 19114032

GAJANAN SUNIL GITTE 19114033

RAGHAV SOMANI 19114068

SHLOK GOYAL 19114078

25th October 2020

ABSTRACT

The paper presents an object-oriented test project development while

simultaneously analyzing the nuance of the object-oriented method. The
report peruses through the object-oriented design and various object-
oriented models, risk-reduction, test identification, and project development.
The report reviews the basics of the object-oriented methodology and
proposes a development method for object-oriented testing.

The project enlists six stages in the developmental and implementational

area of the test project. The three main elements in the test project
development play a very crucial role in the development. The elements are
methods, available resources, and processes.

The new process tackles test risk control and standardization of the
development process in the testing phase. The paper finally proposes a
development process for large scale complex test projects using Object-
Oriented Methodology.

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INTRODUCTION
This paper presents a test project based on the object-oriented method. It
puts forward a better solution for standardizing the design and controlling
the risk of large and complex test tasks. This paper involves the process of
test project design, basics of engineering methods, and concepts for test
projects such as complexity and risk control.

The proposed risk reduction is based on the hierarchical decomposition of

the problem complexity. This decomposition gives a result-oriented tree
structure of the test project.

The idea is to use object-oriented design beforehand for categorizing the

tree-wise decomposition of the project :

● Object
● Dynamic
● Functional models.

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DISCUSSION
Object-Oriented Methodology, Analysis, and Models:

The Object-Oriented Method is based on epistemology and methodology. It is

used to understand and analyze the problem domain and develop a solution
space by understanding the problem space[1].

The object model is the most basic model formed by understanding the problem
space. It gives a static, structured, and systematic overview.

The dynamic model covers the objects’ behavioral aspects and represents the
control processes of the object model.

The functional model involves the functions and the services the objects provide.
The realization of the functional models will be very important in the test project
decomposition.

The object model lays the foundation for the other two models. Firstly, the object-
oriented methodology establishes the object model for solving the problem
domain; then, the dynamic model describes objects’ behavior based on the
definition, dependency relations, and behavior rules of different classes of objects.

Finally, the function model of object classes is built according to the services that
can be provided by the object class during the change process.

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Challenges in the testing of Object-Oriented Software:

The object-oriented paradigm has a set of testing and maintenance problems. The
inheritance, aggregation, and association relationships among the object classes
make an OO program difficult to test. The encapsulation and information hiding
features result in chains of member function invocations that often involve objects
of more than one class. The problems for software testing are:

1. It is difficult to understand the code and prepare the test cases.

2. It is not cost-effective to construct test stubs for member functions since most of
them consist of one to two statements. Rather, one would just use them provided
that they have been tested.

3. It is necessary to determine and limit the required regression tests when a

function or a class is changed.

4. It requires a fresh look into the traditional coverage criteria and to extend them
to include not just coverage of individual functions, but also invocation sequence,
object stated and state sequences, and data definition and use path across
functions and objects.

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The Process of Test Project Design

The test work during the testing phase is divided into six major stages:
requirement analysis, overall design, support needs, detailed design, test
implementation, analysis, and summary.

1. Requirement Analysis:
The stage involves an
analysis of the
technical capabilities
of the product and
organization of higher
authorities, product
users, argumentation,
and development
units.
2. Overall Design stage:
It is the process of
planning and
constructing the test
plan and outline for
the project. It is
developed over stage
one and it begins with the realization of the basic methods in the project.
3. Support Needs: After the overall design’s test project outline, we determine
the framework, division of work, and internal organization of the project
support.
4. The Detailed Design: The detailed design is made either using the
functional (achieved by using a fuzzer) or data-oriented approach. It

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 discusses the security of individual test units and the outline. It details and
divides modules into independent parts.
5. Test Implementation: Test implementation involves dealing with all kinds of
classifiable problems and then recording these issues. It is also about
organizing the final complex test plan of individual units.
6. Analysis and Summary: Test Implementation is done at the end of each test
and it is mostly, analyzing and developing collected test data, test reports,
and test summaries.

The Engineering concepts and methods for test project:

A test project is a project that is well organized and managed and coordinated by
all kinds of personnel. The test project mainly consists of three basic elements (i.e.
method, available resources, and process).

The method is to complete all kinds of technologies adopted in the test project,
and the available resources are the various environments and conditions that
must be used in the test project. The motive behind designing and managing test
items by engineering methods is to control the complexity and risk involved in the
test.

1. The time complexity control: For test engineering, reducing complexity and
decomposing problems is the process of decomposing test objectives,
metrics, and test methods. The hierarchical decomposition is a result-
oriented tree structure composed of various parts of the test project, which
determines the whole contents of the test project. On the one hand, it is
easy to analyze and evaluate the decomposition process and ensure

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 scientific integrity. On the other hand, it facilitates communication between
test items.

2. Test risk control: Risk control is the primary problem in engineering design.
Because product testing is a highly innovative project of great importance,
the risk of testing should be first controlled.

The test item project is a sub-project in the major project of product

development. The risks of understanding technical metrics in task demand
are mainly avoided by communicating with the overall demonstration unit
and the superior authorities in the preparation process. Organize seminars
if necessary.

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The Object-Oriented Analysis method in the test project

A. The Object-oriented decomposition in the test Project

The test project is more suitable to use the object-oriented method to

design the test project.

The implementation process decomposes and coordinates between the

different departments in the test implementation unit. The main aim is to
reduce the risk and ensure the successful implementation of the tasks.

Now, the classification is done based on the coordination relationship of the

test organization. The classification involves content and responsibilities in
the whole test project. The dynamic model carries out the test work and
obtains the test data according to the test workflow and the tasks
undertaken. The test projects’ function model is the functions provided by
the existing function departments, specific implementation units, etc.

The whole process of the test project is realized by the completion of

general work and support work (function models) according to the working
process (dynamic models) by testing units(object models).

The object model and dynamic model are determined by the test unit’s
organizational structure and the division of functions among different
departments.

B. The analysis of the test item function model

Based on risk-control, the overall work can be divided into three aspects: 1.
Pre-research of crucial technology of the test; 2. Analysis of the test
demand and the plan; 3. The judgment of the test result, a compilation of
the report, and data reuse. The most critical work is to control and reduce
the risk.

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 There are three ways to research the key technology of the test: 1.
Communicate with the equipment demo unit before leading the test task. 2.
we should strengthen the analysis of scientific and technological
information, track the direction of the technical development of tested
equipment, 3. Plenty of our equipment is copying the foreign equipment to
research the foreign equipment, a technologically advanced and successful
application in local wars.

SHORTCOMINGS
1. The outlined procedure is not feasible for small to medium projects

2. Some paths can remain untested as it is challenging to look into every nook
and corner to find out hidden errors in a large project.

3. Large capital requirements

CONCLUSION
In this paper, an object-oriented analysis and design method is proposed for large
and complex test projects. The key points of each stage of the test project are
described. The test complexity control and risk control methods are introduced.

Software testing is the activity that executes software with an intention of finding
errors in it. Software testing can provide an independent view of the software to
allow the business to appreciate and understand the risk of software
implementation. To carry out software testing in a more effective manner, this
paper discusses the application of testing based on Object-oriented design for
large applications.

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2. Tauro, Clarence & Ganesan, N & Ghosh, Anupam & Ghosh, Nirupam. (2012).
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Challenges. International Journal of Computer Applications. 42. 16-20.
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