NOT

9
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Quarter 2, Wk.1-3 - Module 1
Draft Roof Plans

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Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
Technology and Livelihood Education- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2, Wk.1-3 - Module 1: Draft Roof Plans
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Iligan City

Schools Division Superintendent: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Author: Joelan L. Cañete
Reviewers: ( )
Illustrator and Layout Artist: ( )
Management Team
Chairperson: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
Co-Chairperson: Nimfa R. Lago,PhD, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Members Henry B. Abueva OIC-CID Chief

Blair D. Castillon, EPS-EPP/TLE
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Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
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 9
Technology and
Livelihood
Education
Quarter 2, Wk.1-3 - Module 1
Draft Roof Plans

d private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their fee

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

This page is intentionally blank

Table of Contents
What This Module is About................................................................................................. i
What I Need to Know.......................................................................................................... i
How to Learn from this Module.......................................................................................... ii
Icons of this Module........................................................................................................... ii

What I Know...................................................................................................................... iii

Lesson 1:
Types and Elements of Roofs............................................................................................
What I Need to Know.....................................................................................................
What I know ..................................................................................................................
What Is It ...........................................................................................................................
What’s In ..........................................................................................................................
What Is New .....................................................................................................................
What’s is It .......................................................................................................................
What’s More …. ..............................................................................................................

Lesson 2:
Roof Framing Plan ........................................................................................................................
What I Need to Know.....................................................................................................
What I know ..................................................................................................................
What Is It ...........................................................................................................................
What’s In ..........................................................................................................................
What Is New .....................................................................................................................
What’s is It .......................................................................................................................
What I Have Learned.....................................................................................................
What I Can Do .................................................................................................................

Summary
Assessment: (Post-Test)
Key to Answers ......................................................................................................................................
References ...............................................................................................................................................
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module is About
This lesson is designed to help you prepare a layout of a good roof plan design
using the same floor plan in the preceding lessons.

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

a. Indicate the dimensions of the roof plan based on the floor plan
b. Draw roof plans according to drafting standards
c. Use standard architectural symbols in drafting roof plans
d. Layout drawings according to sheet contents
e. Draw framing details of roof plan according to architectural drafting
standards
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that

Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

II
What I Know

Skills Assessment

Direction: Listed below are some of the most important skills that you
must gain in order to draft a quality floor plan. On the right side of the
matrix lists the skills expected of you to master. Rate yourself by
checking “Not much”, if you are not so familiar yet, “A little” and/or “A
lot”, if you are already familiar with the skills. Don’t feel bad if you
checked “Not Much” in all of the skills. Keep in mind that this is being
administered to determine your pre-entry knowledge of and skills on
the lesson to be presented.

Skills in Drafting Roof Plans Not Much A little A lot

I can indicate the dimensions of the roof
plan based on the floor plan.
I know how to draw roof plans
according to drafting standards.
I know how to use standard
architectural symbols in drafting roof
plans.
I know how to layout drawings
according to sheet contents.
I can draw framing details of roof plans
according to architectural drafting
standards
This page is intentionally blank
Lesson Types and Elements of Roofs
1
What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

a. Identify the different types of roofs

b. Recognize the elements of roof and framing plans

What I Know
Pre-Test (Multiple choice) – Encircle the letter of the correct
answer. (1 point each)

1. Is a roof type where the pitch is low and extends on the side of the building
perpendicular to the rafters direction. It should provide additional protection
from the sun and rain.
a. roof plan b. hip roofs c. overhang d. flat roofs

2. Are higher at one end than the other. They may be used effectively when
two levels exist where additional light is needed.
a. shed-type roofs b. overhang c. flat roofs d. roofing sheets

3. Has a pitch on two sides but no pitch on the gable ends. This type of roof is
used extensively on Philippines “bahaykubo” and raw houses in subdivision.
a. mansard b. gambrel c. hip roof d. gable roof

4. Are used when eave-line protection is desired around the entire perimeter
of the building.
a. flat roof b. hip roofs c. ridge roll d. gable roof

5. Are used to create a low silhouette on modern homes.

a. flat roofs b. ridge roll c. hip roof d. shed

6. Are materials laid to cover the total area of roofing space of the building.
a. gambrel roof b. ridge roll c. gable d. roofing sheets

7. Is a plain G.I. sheet is usually laid at the center top of ridge of the building
a. hip roof b. ridge roll c. roofing sheets d. eaves line

8. Is the material used when the roofing system is in the form of hip roof.
a. ridge cap b. ridge roll c. eaves line d. roofing sheets

9. Is shown in the form of imaginary line to indicate the gutter line.

 a. ridge roll b. roofing sheets c. eaves line d. ridge cap

10. Is one showing the outline of the roof and the major object lines indicating
ridges, valleys, hips and openings.
a. roof b. roofing sheets c. ridge roll d. roof plan

What’s In

In our previous lesson, you learned the elements of a floor plan and draw floor
plans that follow a given architectural design standards and requirements. The next step in
drafting architectural layout and details is roof framing plan. In this lesson you will be able to
identify the different types of roofs and recognize the elements of roofs and framing plans.

What’s New

Activity 1. Identification Test

Direction: Identify the different types of roofs shown in each number.

Choose your answers from the box below.

Hip Roof Flat Roof Overhang Mansard

Gambrel Roof Shed-Type Roof Gable Roof

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.
 What Is It

TECHNICAL TERMS ENCOUNTERED IN DRAFTING ROOF PLANS

Angle iron - is a structural piece of rolled steel shaped to form a 900 angle.
Butterfly roof- is a roof with two sides sloping down toward the interior of the house.
Dome- is a hemispherical roof form.
Dormer- is a structure projecting from a sloping roof to accommodate a window.
Eave- is a part of a roof that projects over a wall.
Fascia- is a surface finish material used to cover another surface.
Flashing- is the material used for covering exposed places outside the building like
firewalls.
Flat roof- is a roof with a minimum pitch for drainage.
Gable- is the triangular end of an exterior wall above the eaves.
Gable roof- is a roof that slopes from two sides only.
Galvanize- is a lead and zinc bath treatment to prevent rusting.
Gambrel roof- is a symmetrical roof with two different pitches or slopes on each
side. Hip rafter- is the diagonal rafter that extends from the plate to the ridge to form
the hip.
Hip roof- is a roof with four sloping sides.
Mansard roof- is a roof with two slopes on each sides with the lower slope much
steeper than the upper.
Overhang- is the horizontal distance that a roof projects beyond a wall.
Pitch- is the angle between the top plate and the ridge board. It is also referred to as
the rise over the run.
Purlin- is a horizontal structure member which hold rafters together.
Rafters- are structural members used to frame a roof.
Ridge- is the top edge of the roof where rafters meet.
Ridge cap- is a wood or metal cap used for roofing at the ridge.
Rise- is the vertical height of a roof.
Roll roofing- is a material of fiber and asphalt manufactured in rolls.
Shed roof- is a flat roof slanting in one direction.
Shingles- are thin pieces of wood or other materials that overlap each other in
covering a roof.
Truss- is a prefabricated triangular shaped unit used for supporting roof loads over
long spans.
Valley- is the internal angle formed by two slopes of a roof.
Valley rafter- is the diagonal rafter forming the intersection of two sloping roofs.

Roof

It is the external upper covering of a house or building. It shows the size, shape
and the type of materials that should be used in the roofing system.
Basic types of roofs:

There are different types of roofing system that are commonly used in the building
construction. The following are:

Gable – most common, built with “common” rafters

Hip – provides overhang on all four sides
Gambrel – provides more space on the second floor
Mansard – combination of Hip and Gambrel
Shed – frequently used to attach one structure to another

1. Gable Roof has a pitch on two sides but no pitch on the gable ends. This type of
roof is used extensively on Philippines bahay kubo and raw houses in subdivision.
The pitch or angle of a gable roof varies from the high pitch roofs found on chalet A-
frame style buildings to the low pitch roofs found on most ranch homes.
2. Hip roofs are used when eave-line protection is desired around the entire
perimeter of the building. Hip roofs are very popular in warm climates. They are
commonly used on Regency and French Provincial homes.

3. Flat roofs are used to create a low silhouette on modern homes. Slightly heavier
rafters are needed for flat roofs. Built-up asphalt construction is often used on flat
roofs.

4. Shed roofs are higher at one end than the other. They may be used effectively
when two levels exist where additional light is needed.
5. Overhang is a roof type where the pitch is low and extends on the side of the
building perpendicular to the rafters direction. It should provide additional protection
from the sun and rain.

These five roofing system are commonly used in the construction sector. However,
there are other types of roofs that are rarely used in the construction.

Roof Plan
A roof plan is one showing the outline of the roof and the major object lines
indicating ridges, valleys, hips and openings. The roof plan is not a framing plan, but
a plan view of the roof. To develop a roof framing plan, a roof must be stripped of its
covering to expose the position of each structural member and each header. The
roof plan can be used as the basic outline for the roof framing plan. Below are
samples of blueprint drawings of roof plans, roof framing plan and other informative
drawings.

The roof plan indicates the following:

a. Roofing sheets are materials laid to cover the total area of roofing space
of the building.
b. Ridge roll is a plain G.I. sheet is usually laid at the center top of ridge of
the building.
c. Ridge cap is the material used when the roofing system is in the form of
hip roof.
d. Eaves line or gutter line is shown in the form of imaginary line to indicate
the gutter line.

Different Types of Roofing Sheets:

1. Corrugated G.I Sheet

2. 4-V Corrugated Sheet
3. Ardex Corrugated Sheet
4. Kanalelas Corrugated Sheet.
5. Steel Bricks
6. Color bond Custom Orb
 What’s More

Post-Test (Multiple choice) – Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

(2 points each)

1. Has a pitch on two sides but no pitch on the gable ends. This type of roof is used
extensively on Philippines “bahaykubo” and raw houses in subdivision.
a. mansard b. gambrel c. hip roof d. gable roof

2. Are higher at one end than the other. They may be used effectively when two
levels exist where additional light is needed.
a. shed-type roofs b. overhang c. flat roofs d. roofing sheets

3. Is a roof type where the pitch is low and extends on the side of the building
perpendicular to the rafters direction. It should provide additional protection from the
sun and rain.
a. roof plan b. hip roofs c. overhang d. flat roofs

4. Are used when eave-line protection is desired around the entire perimeter of the
building.
a. flat roof b. hip roofs c. ridge roll d. gable roof

5. Are used to create a low silhouette on modern homes.

a. flat roofs b. ridge roll c. hip roof d. shed

6. Are materials laid to cover the total area of roofing space of the building.
a. gambrel roof b. ridge roll c. gable d. roofing sheets

7. Is one showing the outline of the roof and the major object lines indicating ridges,
valleys, hips and openings.
a. roof b. roofing sheets c. ridge roll d. roof plan
8. Is the material used when the roofing system is in the form of hip roof.
a. ridge cap b. ridge roll c. eaves line d. roofing sheets

9. Is shown in the form of imaginary line to indicate the gutter line.

a. ridge roll b. roofing sheets c. eaves line d. ridge cap

10. Is a plain G.I. sheet is usually laid at the center top of ridge of the building
a. hip roof b. ridge roll c. roofing sheets d. eaves line

Lesson Roof Framing Plans

2
What I Need to Know
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

a. Identify the different types of roof frame

b. Draw a roof plan

What I Know

(Pre-Test) Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the
best answer and write it on a separate sheet of paper.

1. A horizontal structural member which hold the rafters together.

a. Rafter b. Purlins c. Rise d. Run

2. A prefabricated triangular shaped unit supporting the roof loads over long
spans.
a. Truss b. Shingles c. Rise d. Ridge

3. The top edge of the roof where rafters meet

a. Ridge b. Rafter c. Overhang d. Purlins

4. The angle between the top plate and the ridge board referred to as the rise
over the run.
a. Pitch b. Slope c. Valley d. Truss

5. A roof with four sloping sides.

a. Shed b. Hip c. Gable d. Mansard
 6. The part of a roof that extends over the wall.
a. Overhang b. Eave c. Fascia d. Gutter

7. A surface finish material used to cover another surface.

a. Flashing b. Fascia c. Overhang d. Dormer

8.A flat roof slanting in one direction.

a. Gable b. Hip c. Dormer d. Shed

9. A diagonal rafter that extends from the plate to the ridge to form a hip roof
Type.
a. Purlins b. Hip Rafters c. Truss d. Flashing

10. The vertical height of a roof.

a. Rise b. Run c. Ridge d. Eave

What’s In

In our previous lesson, you learned the different types and elements of
roofs. Our next topic is all about the different types of roof frame and the steps on
how to draw a roof plan.

What’s New

Activity 1. Label the parts of a main truss. Choose your answer from the
box below.

King Post Diagonal Member Bottom Chord Vertical Member

Top ChordMid ChordHorizontal Post

3
4

5
1.

MAIN TRUSS
 What Is It

Roof Framing Plans

The following are the types of roof frame and the important elements that you
must be familiar in the roof framing plan. Each of these elements can be better
understood as you go on to the discussion particularly in the presentation of sample
illustrations in the preceding pages.

Types of roof frame:

Rafter Type
Truss Type

Rafter Type

Common Rafter – extended at right angles from the plate or girts to the ridge.
Hip Rafter – laid diagonally from the corner of the plate or girts to the ridge.
Valley Rafter – placed diagonally from the plate or girts at the intersection of gable
extension with the main roof.
Jack Rafter –any rafter which does not extend from the plate or girts to the ridge.
Hip Jack – framed between hip rafters and girts.
Valley Jack – framed between the ridge and valley rafter.
Cripple Jack – frame between the hip and the valley rafter.
Octagonal Rafter – placed on an octagonal shaped plate at the central apex or
ridge pole.

Truss Type

Is a built-up frame commonly employed on a long span roof unsupported by

intermediate columns and partitions.
Is a design of a series of triangles used to distribute load, stiffen the structure
and flexibility for the interior spacing as well as strength and rigidity.
 There are important elements that must be shown in the roof framing plan. They
are shown in the form of line symbols, such as:
a. Trusses
b. Purlins
c. Ridge roll line
d. Ridge cap line
e. Eaves or gutter line
f. Dimension

ROOF FRAMING SHOWING THE THICKNESS OF EACH MEMBER

Draft a roof plan

Roof plan is the upper part of the building. This can be drawn through the
following steps (see the operating steps):

1. Given: a scaled floor plan.

2. Draw or trace the given scale floor plan into a form of hidden lines without doors
and windows.

3. From end line of the floor plan, lay out a standard 1.00 m. eave lines around the
floor plan.

4. From eave lines, extend a 0.20 m. lines for gutter width, and analyze how many
and where to indicate a 0.10 m. circular holes for downspout.
5. Select roof types required. From rectangular form of floor plan, get the center and
project a line along the eave lines.

6. If hip roof types will be used, project a 450 angle in all corners of eave lines
intersecting the center line to create a hip roof. From drawn hip roof layout, draw two
lines at 0.10 m. width on both sides representing the ridge roll width.

7. Project a symbol (thin lines) for roof covering materials to be used, indicate from
the center of roof slopes a perpendicular arrowheads with word label of slopes.
8. Complete the drawings with proper dimensioning and labels, then finalize the
drawing.

What I Have Learned

Post- Test
Directions: Multiple Choice: Read each item carefully. Encircle the
letter of the best answer.

1. A horizontal structural member which hold rafters together

a. Rafter b. Purlin c. Rise d. Run

2. A prefabricated triangular shaped unit for supporting roof loads over long spans
a. Truss b. Shingles c. Rise d. Ridge

3. The top edge of the roof where rafters meet

a. Ridge b. Rafter c. Overhang d. Purlins

4. The internal angle formed by two slopes of a roof

a. Ridge b. Valley c. Purlin d. Overhang

5. The angle between the top plate and the ridge board referred to as the rise over
the run.
a. Pitch b. Slope c. Valley d. Truss

6. A roof with four sloping sides

a. Shed b. Hip c. Gable d. Mansard

7. The part of a roof that projects over a wall

a. Overhang b. Eave c. Fascia d. Gutter

8. A surface finish material used to cover another surface

a. Flashing b. Fascia c. Overhang d. Dormer
9. A flat roof slanting in one direction
a. Gable b. Hip c. Dormer d. Shed

10. A diagonal rafter that extends from the plate to the ridge to form a hip roof type
a. Purlins b. Hip Rafters c. Truss d. Flashing

11. The triangular end of an exterior wall above the eaves

a. Gable b. Hip c. Overhang d. Mansard

12. The vertical height of a roof

a. Rise b. Run c. Ridge d. Eave

What I Can Do

Problem Solving

Directions: Given a floor plan as shown below, to draft a roof plan appropriate to the
given sizes and shapes.

Note: All sides must have an overhang of 1.50m.

 Performance Assessment

Scoring Rubrics

Criteria Score
(Tick the corresponding pts.)
Accuracy
50
45
40
Speed
10
6
8
Neatness
25
20
15
Lettering/Labeling
15
12
10
8
Total

Performance Criteria:

Accuracy
50 pts - the output is accurately done
45 pts - two to five errors are observed on the output
40 pts. - six to ten errors are observed on the output

Speed
10 pts - the output is done 5 minutes before the time
8 pts - the output is done on time
6 pts. - the output is done after the allotted time

Neatness

25 pts. - has no error

20 pts - has two to three erasures
15 pts - has four or more erasures
 Lettering/Labeling
15 pts. - all pieces of information are completely indicated and
legibly printed.
12 pts. - all pieces of information are legibly printed but some are
missing.
10 pts. - all pieces of information are legibly printed but some are
missing and misspelled.
8 pts. - pieces of information are not legibly printed and words are missing
and misspelled.

Summary
Assessment: (Post-Test)

Key to Answers

Lesson 1
Pre-Test Activity 1 Post-Test
1. C 1. Hip Roof 1. D
2. A 2. Shed-Type Roof 2. A
3. D 3. Flat Roof 3. C
4. B 4. Overhang 4. B
5. A 5. Gable Roof 5. A
6. D 6. Gambrel Roof 6. D
7. B 7. D
8. A 8. A
9. C 9. C
10. D 10 B

Lesson 2
Pre-Test Activity 1 Post-Test
1. B 1. Vertical Member 1. B
2. A 2. Diagonal Member 2. A
3. A 3. King Post 3. A
4. A 4. Top Chord 4. B
5. B 5. Bottom Chord 5. A
6. A 6. B
7. B 7. A
8. D 8. B
9. B 9. D
10. A 10. B
11. A
12. A
References

Books and Articles and Printed Materials:

1. TESDA Training Regulations and Competency-Based Curriculum in Drafting

Architectural Lay-out and Details
2. Architectural Drafting and Design Handbook, Sunny Ojeda & Josephine
Obispo, Marikina Polytechnic College

Electronic Resources:

http://roofgenius.com
Roof Plan

http://www.homedesignersoftware.coml
Types of Roof

.http://www.google.com.ph/imgres
Basic Types of Roof

For your guide,

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/chicago_manual_17th_edition/cmos_formatting_an
d_style_guide/chicago_manual_of_style_17th_edition.html

you can also use citation machine generators: citethisforme.com and citefast.com
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

DepEd Division of Iligan City

Office Address: General Aguinaldo St., Iligan City
Telefax:(063)221-6069
E-mail Address:[email protected]