Fundamental of Counting Principle
Fundamental of Counting Principle
Concept of Function
FUNDAMENTAL
COUNTING PRINCIPLE
2
FUNDAMENTAL COUNTING
PRINCIPLE
Definition
If you can choose one item from a group of M items and a second
item from a group of N items, then the total number of two-item
choices is M*N.
Tree Diagram
A representation of all possible choices. This tree diagram shows
that there are 2*3 = 6 different outfits from 2 pairs of jeans and
3
three T-shirts.
EXAMPLE 1
APPLYING THE FUNDAMENTAL
COUNTING PRINCIPLE
Solution:
6 *14 = 84
4
THE FUNDAMENTAL COUNTING
PRINCIPLE WITH MORE THAN TWO
GROUPS OF ITEMS
Definition
The number of different ways you can answer the questions is:
4*4*4*4*4*4*4*4*4*4 = 410 = 1,048,576 7
EXAMPLE 4
TELEPHONE NUMBERS IN THE UNITED
STATES
Telephone numbers in the United States begin with three- digit
area codes followed by seven-digit local telephone numbers. Area
codes and local telephone numbers cannot begin with 0 or 1. How
many different telephone numbers are possible?
Solution:
This situation involves making choices with ten groups of items.
Here are the choices for each of the ten groups of items:
Area Code Local Telephone Number
8 10 10 8 10 10 10 10 10 10
The total number of different telephone numbers is: 8
8 * 10 * 10 * 8 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10 * 10 = 6,400,000,000