RAUTARUUKKI OYJ

POIMU

Program for dimensioning load-bearing profile sheets

USER'S GUIDE
Version 3.00
User's Guide
Rautaruukki Oyj
Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001

Contents Version 3.00

1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION .....................................................................................................................................................1

1.1 GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................................1
1.2 DIMENSIONING BASICS ..........................................................................................................................................................1
1.3 DIMENSIONING N ORMS ..........................................................................................................................................................1
1.4 LOADS .....................................................................................................................................................................................1
1.4.1 Dead Load .....................................................................................................................................................................1
1.4.2 Snow Load .....................................................................................................................................................................1
1.4.3 Wind Load......................................................................................................................................................................2
1.4.4 Liveload .........................................................................................................................................................................2
1.5 CALCULATION P ROGRESS ......................................................................................................................................................2
2. FILE MENU................................................................................................................................................................................3
2.1 P ROJECT DIRECTORY..............................................................................................................................................................3
2.2 P ROJECT DATA .......................................................................................................................................................................3
2.3 NEW FILE ................................................................................................................................................................................3
2.4 COPY FILE...............................................................................................................................................................................3
2.5 EDIT O LD F ILES ......................................................................................................................................................................4
2.6 SAVE F ILE ...............................................................................................................................................................................4
2.7 SAVE AS..................................................................................................................................................................................4
2.8 COPYING SAFETY FACTORS ...................................................................................................................................................5
2.9 P RINTER S ETTINGS .................................................................................................................................................................5
2.10 MARGINS ..............................................................................................................................................................................6
2.11 P RINTER F ONTS ....................................................................................................................................................................6
2.12 P RINT S ELECTION.................................................................................................................................................................6
2.13 FILE HISTORY .......................................................................................................................................................................7
3. PARAMETERS MENU.............................................................................................................................................................7
3.1 BASIC STRUCTURE DATA .......................................................................................................................................................7
4. DIMENSIONING MENU .........................................................................................................................................................8
4.1 SPANS......................................................................................................................................................................................8
4.2 SHEET EFFECT DATA ..............................................................................................................................................................9
4.3 SUPPORTS AND J OINTS .........................................................................................................................................................10
4.3.1 Joint Types ...................................................................................................................................................................11
4.3.2 Simple Joint in the Span .............................................................................................................................................11
4.3.3 End Overlap.................................................................................................................................................................12
4.4 FASTENERS ...........................................................................................................................................................................12
4.5 LOADS ...................................................................................................................................................................................13
4.5.1 Feeding Form and Pressure Factors.........................................................................................................................14
4.5.2 Feeding Additional Loads ..........................................................................................................................................14
4.5.3 Combining Loads ........................................................................................................................................................16
4.6 DIMENSIONING......................................................................................................................................................................17
5. SHOW RESULTS MENU.......................................................................................................................................................18
5.1 STRUCTURAL MODEL...........................................................................................................................................................18
5.2 FORCE D ISTRIBUTION G RAPHS ............................................................................................................................................19
5.3 RESULTS................................................................................................................................................................................20
5.4 SHEET EFFECT FORCES ........................................................................................................................................................21
5.4.1 Preventing Top Flange Displacement .......................................................................................................................22
5.4.2 Transfer of Sheet Force to Main Beams ....................................................................................................................22
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Rautaruukki Oyj
Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001

5.5 FASTENER UTILIZATION.......................................................................................................................................................22

6. SETTINGS MENU...................................................................................................................................................................23
6.1 INTERFACE ............................................................................................................................................................................23
6.2 CALCULATION S ETTINGS .....................................................................................................................................................24
7. DEFAULT VALUE FILE MENU..........................................................................................................................................26
7.1.1 Name of Norm .............................................................................................................................................................26
7.1.2 Materials Safety Factors.............................................................................................................................................26
7.1.3 Load Safety Factors ....................................................................................................................................................27
7.2 FASTENER DATA ..................................................................................................................................................................27
7.3 SUPPORT STEEL STRENGTHS................................................................................................................................................28
7.3.1 Norm Filtering.............................................................................................................................................................28
7.4 P ROFILE DATA E DITING.......................................................................................................................................................29
7.5 EDITING BINARY F ILES ........................................................................................................................................................29
8. WINDOW MENU.....................................................................................................................................................................30
8.1 OPEN WINDOWS ...................................................................................................................................................................30
8.2 CLOSE WINDOWS .................................................................................................................................................................30
INDEX .............................................................................................................................................................................................31
User's Guide
Rautaruukki Oyj
Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 1

1. General Description

1.1 General
With the Poimu program the load-bearing profile plates produced by the Rautaruukki daughter companies
Rannila or Gasell. The profile plates are suitable as load-bearing constructions in both insulated and non-
insulated roofs and walls. The program can analyze both single- and multispan constructions. The profiles can
be continuous or they can be joined with different types of joints.

The program is in the first place designed for building constructors. Its use requires adequate theoretical
knowledge of the mechanics of constructions and of dimensioning thin sheet constructions. Also sufficient
knowledge of the selected dimensioning norm is needed.

1.2 Dimensioning Basics

In the Poimu-program the profile sheets are dimensioned in 1-meter wide strips as continuous beams. The type
of the profile sheet must be the same in the whole construction, but the thickness may change at a joint. The
following types of joint are used: continuous same sheet, end-to-end continuos joint, simple joint at a support,
simple joint in the span (so called Gerber-support). In the program you can easily with a few parameters give
basic load data, such as snow load and wind load. Additionally you can give more complicated loads, such as
snow drifts etc.

1.3 Dimensioning Norms

The program contains the following norms:
- Finland B6
- Sweden N5
- Germany DIN
- Euro EC3, basic NAD

The norms available in each case depend on the user group you belong to.

1.4 Loads
You can give four types of load, from which the load cases are combined, namely dead load, snow load, wind
load and live load.

1.4.1 Dead Load

As dead load are considered the constructions own weight and permanent installations, as insulation, roofing
and smoke hatches. The weight of the profile plate is not fed in, because the program adds the profile plate's
own weight automatically.

1.4.2 Snow Load

The snow load can be divided into two parts (depending on the selected norm):
1. permanent snow load
2. live snow load

The permanent snow load is handled as a load case affecting the whole length of the construction. This is taken
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Rautaruukki Oyj
Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 2

into consideration when calculating force entities and deflections only if the entity in question increases because
of the load.

The live snow load is handled as a separate load case for each span. This means, that the influence of the live
snow load on each span on the entity under consideration is separately calculated. For instance the greatest
field moment is found in a combination, where the live load is added in the calculated span and the adjoining
spans are without live snow load.

The division of the total snow load in permanent and live snow loads is given with the feed data mobility (%). If
the mobility is = 0%, all the snow is considered permanent. On the other hand, if the mobility is = 100%, the
entire snow load is considered a live load.

1.4.3 Wind Load

The wind load can at most consist of four load cases. Normally the two following cases suffice (the order has no
influence, case 1 can also be suction):
1. wind pressure
2. wind suction

Both cases are calculated as a wind load acting on the total length of the construction, where one is acting on
the profile sheet as a pressure against the supports, the other as a suction pulling the sheet from the support.

1.4.4 Liveload
There may be an arbitrary amount of liveloads. The dimensioning load (including the natural ones) is searched
for according to the norm regulations. The liveload can also be considered as moving along the spans (compare
live snow load).

1.5 Calculation Progress

Below is explained the main phases of a correct calculation progress:

1. Select the Project Directory and File:

Select or create a new project directory in which you will perform the calculations. Select an existing default
value file.

2. Giving calculation parameters:

Feed the constructions basic data.
Feed the sheet effect data.

3. Dimensioning:
Feed the span and cantilever lengths.
Feed the support data.
Select the screws to be used.
Give the loads.
Select the profile plates to be used on the spans and perform the dimensioning. Check that the dimensioning
has been correctly performed.

4. When the dimensioning is ready, print the results on the printer.

The order follows that of the program menus and quick selection buttons. The length of the spans must be given
before the feed boxes for other questions can be opened.
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 3

2. File Menu

2.1 Project Directory

Project Directory (Files/Project Directory...)

In the dimensioning program the calculations are always done in a project-defined directory, in which the
program will save the produced initial value file. Additionally each project directory may contain the partial safety
factors (load and material safety factor files).

When starting a new project, a new project directory should definitely be created with the menu function Project
Directory. With this function the program at the creation of the project directory will copy the wanted safety
factors. More about copying the safety factor files see copying safety factors.

After each calculation round the program will remember the project directory, so it has to be reselected only
when changing the project directory.

If the project directory already contains a project data file containing the project data, then the project data in the
file will be shown at the top of the window below the directory field. More details about the project data in the
passage project data.

2.2 Project Data

Project Data (Files/Project Data..)

A file containing the data about the project can be saved in the project directory (compare the titles on a
drawing). The project data consists of three lines of text, each with a maximum of 69 characters. The dialog box
in the directory shows the contents of this file. (This helps in the choice in the directory.)

The project data has no influence on the calculation proper. The data are printed along with the other
calculation identification when printing on paper.

2.3 New File

New File (Files/New Calculation)

Prepares a new calculation. The values for the previous calculation are removed, and the variables are set at
the default values.

NOTE!
If the values for the previous calculation have not been saved, the program will propose saving.

2.4 Copy File

Creating a New File through Copying (Files/Copy File..)

A new calculation file can be created by copying an old file to create a base. First the old file to be copied is
chosen. The file is chosen from the file window or its name is fed into the feed box (without file name extension).
Note: The directory can be changed in this connection. If you wish to view the calculation identification of the
calculation file before opening the file, click on the View-button on the right side of the window.
After accepting the name of the file to be copied with the OK-button and after the successful opening of the file,
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Rautaruukki Oyj
Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 4

a file control window named save as will open. The new name of the file is given in this window. More details
about naming in section Save As. If no new name is given at this stage, the file will not be saved in the project
directory; it will only remain in the computer memory. A new name can be given later on (later saving), with the
Save As command.

Only the (initial) calculation values are copied at the above explained copying. The settings for the actual project
and the safety factors are always read from the active project directory, therefore they are not transferred with
the file, if it has been copied from another project directory.

2.5 Edit Old Files

Edit Old Files (Files/Edit Old Files)

With the program you can use utilize existing old start up data. At the top of the window you will see the name of
the old project directory and the first line of the project data if the project file exists in that project directory).

Select the file to be used from the file window or give its name in the feed box (without extension). Note: You
cannot change directory in this connection. If you wish to see the heading data of the calculation file before
opening the file, click on the View-button at the right of the window.

2.6 Save File

Save File (Files/Save File)

The start up files are saved with the command Save File found in the Files scroll down menu. This function
saves the data in the file with the previously given name in the selected project directory. If you have not given a
name to the file, the program will ask for it before saving.

The program follows up the saving of the start up values in the following manners.

- If the program is finished without saving the start up values, or if these values are changed, and no saving
(or updating) has been done
- If a new calculation is selected and the start up values of the previous calculation have not been saved
(updated).

In these cases the program notifies you, that the data have not been saved and asks you to perform the save
action, after which you can decide if you wish to save or not.

2.7 Save As
Save As (Files/Save As...)

The file name is given in the Save As /File Name box. The program will automatically give the name the
extension .PMU. (Note. The file cannot be saved anywhere else than in the project directory).

NOTE!
The file name given by you must not contain the character period (.). It is also recommended not to use the
letters Å, Ä and Ö.
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Rautaruukki Oyj
Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 5

2.8 Copying Safety Factors

Copying Safety Factors (Files/Copying Safety Factors..)

The safety factors can be located in three possible places. Usually the safety factor files are located either in the
project directory or in the program directory. Additionally the factors are found in the program code.

Primarily the files found in the project directory are used; thereafter those situated in the program directory. If the
factors cannot be found in the above directories, the embedded safety factors are used.

The program directory contains originally saved factors according to EC3. The safety factor files in the program
directory can with the function copy safety factors be copied to the project directory, when a new directory is
created. (In export objects these factors can be edited according to the object in connection with the copy
command). (Note: Another copying operation to the same project directory is not possible later on).

If you wish to copy factors to the project directory, you should first decide according to which norm they should
be chosen. There are four possibilities:
1. EC3 (basic NAD)
2. Finnish B6
3. German DIN
4. Swedish N5
After this you select, if the factors shall be copied from the respective norm, or if you use your own values based
on that norm. If you select factors according to norm, you cannot change them later on. If you select your own
factors, these can be changed, but the calculation formulas are according to the norm.

After selecting the norm, the copying is started by pressing the OK button. The materials and load safety factors
are copied to the project directory.
__________
Additional information
Name of Norm
Material Safety factors
Load Safety Factors

2.9 Printer Settings

Printer Settings (Files/Printer settings...)

In the selection window for printers the printer to be used can be chosen. (Note: If the printer selection is
changed, the choice will be effective only during the use of the active program. A lasting preselection must be
done in the Windows control panel.)

Printer
Choose the printer to be used or accept the selected one. A list of all available printers is shown when an arrow
button on the right edge of the name field is pressed. The list shows only printers installed in Windows. You can
add new printers in the control panel.

Properties
Brings a selection window into view, which contains the selections available for the chosen printer. The
selection window contains at least the following alternatives:

- Orientation
Portrait prints in vertical position.
Landscape prints in horizontal position.
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 6

2.10 Margins
Margins (File/Page Settings/Margins...)

In the window for setting margins the margins for paper printouts are set. The size of the margins are given in
millimeters. Each printer has additionally its own minimum margins, below which you cannot set the margin.
The lines of text are not broken at the correct margin (the program does not hyphenate the printout). The
program tries to scale the line to be printed (in case of tabulations) according to the margin settings.

2.11 Printer Fonts

Print Fonts (Files/Page Settings/Print font...)

In the selection print fonts the fonts used in the printout and its size are chosen. The choice brings a selection
window into view, which shows all available fonts and their sizes suitable for the printout. The font selection
shows all fonts, which the selected printer can use.

The symbols in the font window have the following meanings:

TT, a Windows True type font, may in some printers be a very slow font (matrix printers).
A printer icon, stands for a font built into the printer (usually a very fast font).
No symbol stands for a Windows font.

The Font Style window is not active in this program. The program controls the settings (bold) internally and the
user cannot influence it.

In the Font size window the size is selected. The maximum size is determined by the greatest size available at
the time of making the program. A smaller font size can freely be chosen. (If printouts with the selected fonts do
not fit sidewise on the line, a smaller size should be selected).

At the bottom of the window, a sample text with the selected font type is shown.

(The selected font name and size are saved in the POIMU.INI file).

2.12 Print Selection

Print Selection (Files/Print...)

The printout selection window is divided onto two pages, results page and pictures page. The used language is
shown as the flag symbol on the bottom of the page. You can change the language to be used from
Settings/Interface/Language.

Results Selection Page

On the results selection page you select the data to be printed on paper.
The results are printed in 9 parts:

1 General data about the calculation. Project information, file name and the used norm are printed.
2 General information about the construction. The following information is printed: Construction type,
deflection limits, and inclination of the construction, support information, joint types and the used Poimu-
profile sheets.
2.1 The construction model. A picture with the construction model graph is printed.
2.2 The construction FEM model. The node- and element- numbers in the FEM calculation are printed.
2.3 Node data. Data on the nodes used in the Fem calculation are printed. (Coordinates and data on fixings
and torque support).
3 Loads. The construction loads as well as the used load safety factors are printed.
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 7

4 Node forces. A table is printed containing the following: The maximum and minimum forces obtained in the
FEM-calculation by combining loads as well as the deflections at each node.
5 Moment distribution. The distributions of the maximum and minimum moments in the construction are
printed (envelopes).
6 Shear force distribution. The distributions of the maximum and minimum shear force in the construction are
printed (envelopes).
7 Deflection. The distributions of the maximum and minimum deflection in the construction are printed
(envelopes).
8 The service ability state for each profile sheet. The maximum service ability states and the type of the most
dimensioning service ability state are printed.
9 The service ability state and dimensioning entities for the spans. The service ability states of the moments,
support strengths, interaction and of the deflections for the spans and the position of the dimensioning point
are printed. Printed are also the corresponding dimensioning entities and the capacity/allowed deflection.
10 Sheet effect. The force entities and service ability states for the sheet affect are printed. This selection is
possible only, if you have activated the acceptance of the sheet effect in the basic data window.
11 Fastener dimensioning. The number of fasteners and their service ability states for each fastener type are
printed.

Pictures Selection Page

On the picture settings you select the size of the graphs. The size is selected in proportion to the page height.
The scale 90 % will fill the whole page.

2.13 File History

File History (History)

The program lists the old files. The file is added to the list, when the (new) file is saved the first time. An old file
can be opened directly by selecting it from the list. If the file is in another project directory, than the active one,
you have to change to the project directory in question (you take into use the factors and default values of the
correct project directory).

The default length of the history list is the last 5 used files. If you wish to change the length of the list, it is done
by editing the programs INI-file. The setting is saved in the INI-file under the heading ResentFiles/ListSize. The
value can be set in the range 0...20. If you select 0, no list is made.

3. Parameters Menu

3.1 Basic Structure Data

Basic Structure Data (Parameters/Basic Structure Data..)

Structure Class
Select the structure class, this will influence i.a. the load safety factors. These selection boxes are shown only for
certain norms.

Construction type
Select the construction type. Influences in which way the profile sheets are positioned and on the deflection limit
values.
User's Guide
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 8

Sheet position
Select which way the sheets are turned (wide/narrow flange against the support). The construction type
determines if this selection can be done or not.

Deflection limits
Select, if you use the deflection limits given by the used norm for the selected construction type. If you select
free deflection, you have to give the allowed deflection into the feed box.

Roof slope
Give the constructions slope (in respect to the loads). The slope is given in degrees.

Support torsion
If a torsion-stiff beam, for instance a tube beam supports the sheet, the influence on the deflection by the
diminishing influence of the support widths can be taken into account. This is not recommended for lightweight
purlins. In version 3.00 this selection is not yet available.

Take sheet effect into account

Select if the sheet is used to stiffen the construction member. If the construction member is stiffened with the
sheet effect, the start values of the sheet effect are given in the window Sheet effect data. (With the DIN-norms
the sheet effect cannot so far be utilized).

Calculation information
The calculation information has no influence on the calculations. They are printed in connection with the paper
print out.

4. Dimensioning Menu

4.1 Spans
Spans (Dimensioning/Spans..)

You feed the constructions geometry-data (span widths) into the window Spans.

Span Length
The span length from the center of the support to the center of the next support.

Add
A new span is added to the construction. The span length is equal to the value fed into the span length field. If
no line on the list is selected, the new span is added as the last one, in other cases it is added in front of the
selected span.

Change
The dimensions of the selected spans are changed according to the new values.

Delete
Deletes the spans selected in the list.

List of spans
You can select one or more spans in the list for adding, changing or deleting.

Cantilever length (Left and right edge support)

Length of cantilever from edge support to the end of the respective cantilever. The dimensions are fed into the
boxes and accepted with the Change Cantilever Button. A cantilever is removed by giving it the length 0.
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 9

4.2 Sheet Effect Data

Sheet Effect Data (Dimensioning/Sheet Effect Data..)

The window is divided into two parts: A) Page with building dimensions and B) Page with Spring Constants. (In
this version it is not yet possible to dimension by calculating the combined influence of frames and sheets. Page
B is therefore protected).

Sheet effect factors cannot be fed in, unless the influence of the sheet effect is activated in Basic Structure Data.

A) Building Dimensions
On the page with building dimensions you feed the basic data needed for calculating the sheet effect.

- Calculation model: Select how the sheet effect forces are calculated. The calculation can either be made with
a simplified examination, in which case the profile sheet transfers the total wind force to the buildings stiffening
truss or you can take the flexibility of the steel sheet and frames into consideration. In the latter case the
buildings frames transfer part of the wind load to the foundations (this case is not possible to use in this
calculation model version). If you select the simplified version, the page with flexibility and spring factors is not
shown.

- Roof type: Select, if the profiled sheet is fixed directly to the main beams (the profiles in direction of the
buildings long side) or to purlins (profiles in direction of the buildings short side). If the sheet is fastened to
purlins, the program assumes that the Transferring of Sheet Effect to Main Beams is done continuously.

- Displacement of top flange on end support: Select, if the top flange of the profiled plate is prevented at the
end supports/edge purlin for instance with an edge stiffening plate. Usually the displacement of the top flange
becomes dimensioning in the sheet effect calculation, therefore it is recommended to prevent top flange
displacement with constructional methods (for instance by tying the top flange with a C-profile to the support).

- Number of frames: Feed the number of frames included in the construction. This information is required only if
the sheet is supported by the purlins.

- Length of building: Feed the data about the length of the building/sheet field. Based on this the force caused
wind load acting on the buildings long side is calculated. If the profile sheet is supported directly onto the main
beams, you cannot give this information. In this case the data is found in the Spans window information.

- Width of building: Feed the data about the width of the building. Based on this the force caused by the wind
on the buildings gable is calculated.

- Width of sheet field (side wind): Give the active width of the sheet field in respect to side wind (the wind acts
on the buildings long side). The dimension given is for gable roofs normally as the length of the roof slope. If the
profile sheet is supported on purlins, this information cannot be given. In this latter case the information is found
in the Spans window information.

- The distance from the frame span in hand to the gable: Feed the distance from the middle of the span to
the buildings left gable. This information is not required, if the sheet is supported from the main beams. (The
dimensioning place is usually the first span from the gable).

- The distance of the calculated sheet from the edge: Give the distance of the sheet at hand from the edge of
the construction. This data is not asked, if the sheet is supported from purlins. The dimensioning position is
normally the utmost sheet on the long side (on the gable support).
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 10

B) Spring factor
On the page spring factor you feed the information, which is needed to take the elasticity of the frames into
consideration. At the moment this program version does not support this calculation method.

4.3 Supports and Joints

Supports and Joints (Dimensioning/Supports and Joints..)

Data about the construction supports and sheet joints are given in the window Supports and Joints.

Support Table
The support table shows the widths of the supports, the type of joint on the support and if a support piece is
used or not. If you wish to change the values, you start by selecting the supports, where you want to change the
specifications. After this you give/select a new value/type. The supports are selected by clicking with the left
mouse button on the wanted feature. You can select several supports in a row by pressing Shift + left mouse
button. The whole column can be selected by clicking on the top heading.

Support Width
The support width is changed by first selecting the supports, whose widths have to be changed. Thereafter you
give the new width in the box above the support width column and accept the change by the Change button.

Joint Type
For intermediate supports you can select, if the sheet is continuous at the support or if there is a joint at the
support. The type of the joint is changed by first selecting the wanted supports from the table. Then you select
from the above pull-down menu the required type of joint. If you select free end overlap (End overlap ?/?) or a
node on the left or right, a dialog box will automatically open, into which you can feed the value/values. You can
change the given values by selecting the joint in question from the joints-list. A button will appear to the right of
the pull-down menu and by pressing this the dialog box will again be opened. See also Joint Types.

Support Piece
The support strength of the sheet can be improved at the support with a special support piece. Start by selecting
the supports were the pieces are to be placed. Then you open the pull-down menu above the column and select
Yes.

Left/Right End Support

Select the end support type:
Vertical support: - A normal end support, on which the plate may (slightly) twist.
Torsion fixed support: - Additionally to giving vertical support this support is also preventing torsion, which
means that a bending moment will be applied to the sheet. In practice this can only be done by for instance
casting the plate end into concrete or any equivalent solution. However, with reservations this can be applied
to some supports in symmetrical constructions (geometrical dimensions and loads). In this case only half the
construction is modeled up to the symmetrical support.

Simple joints, overlap data

Feed in the dimension, how much the sheets are overlapping in simple joints. The data is used only when
calculating the sheet cutting lengths, not in the strength calculations. The assumed overlap lengths are given in
the window Calculation settings. Feeding the new value into the feed box and accepting it with the Change
button changes the overlap dimension.
User's Guide
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 11

4.3.1 Joint Types

The following types of joints are used in the program:

- 1. Continuous, the sheets continue uniformly across the support.

- 2. Sheet joint, the sheet is exchanged at the support, hinge joint.
- 3. End overlapping joint, 0.1/0.0 and 0.0/0.1, stiff moment joint, overlapping length = 10 % of span length.
- 4. End overlapping joint, ?/?, stiff moment joint, overlapping on both sides, if needed [mm]
- 5. Left and right hinge joint, hinge joint in field.

See also window Supports and joints

4.3.2 Simple Joint in the Span

Give the distance from the joint in the span from the centerline of the support. You can not place the simple joint
further from the selected support than half the span.
__________
Additional information
Joint Types
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 12

4.3.3 End Overlap

Feed in the data about the sheet overlap. The overlap must coincide with the selected support (the dimensions
must be >=0). The overlap length cannot be greater than half the span length.
__________
Additional information
- Joint Types

4.4 Fasteners
Fasteners (Dimensioning/Fasteners..)
In the window fasteners you select the fasteners to be used in the construction (screws/rivets to be used).

Base Material
Select the profile support material. In this version the sheet can be fastened only to steel beams.

- Steel Beam:
Feed the support wall thickness and select the supports steel strength from the list. If you cannot find the correct
strength, you can add strengths to the list at Default Value Files / Support Steel Strengths.

The data are used when dimensioning the pull out strength of the support fasteners.

Fastener material
Select the fastener materials and sealing washer. (For screws with or without sealing washer). The sealing
washer influences the inclination and edge compression strength.

Support Screws
Select, if you fasten the sheet to the support with self-boring or self-threading screws. Then you select the screw
from the list of screws.

- Fastening Method:
Select according to which assumption the sheets are fastened to the supports. Are they fastened at the bottom
of each corrugation or at each other? The selection determines the minimum default value. The final number is
determined according to the fasteners utilization rate and the minimum assumed utilization rate of the selected
sheet (the minimum value of the sheet can be checked in Default Value Files/Updating Data Files/Editing Profile
Data (Min. number of fasteners in corrugation)).

Overlap and Splice Screws

The fasteners used in the end and side splices are selected from the list of fasteners. The minimum number of
fasteners in sideways splicing is determined according to the maximum interval for the profile sheet. (The
maximum interval for the sheet can be checked in Default Value Files / Updating Data Files / Editing Profile Data
(Maximum fastener interval)).

If you cannot find the fastener you need in the list, you can add it in Default Value files/Fasteners.

Dimension Button
If the construction has been dimensioned, you can change the fasteners and perform a strength calculation of
only the fasteners. The calculation is started with the Dimension-button. If the button is not visible, then the
loading entities of the construction have not yet been calculated.
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Fastener Selection (Screw/Rivet Selection List)

The needed fastener is selected from the list. The manufacturer of the selected fastener is shown above the list.
Below the list are shown limit values for the thickness of the materials to be fastened (KL minimum-maximum
total thickness) and the drill depth of the fastener (VL). The contents of each list depends on the selected
material and the type of fastener.

4.5 Loads
Loads (Dimensioning/Loads..)

In the window loads you feed data about the loads imposed on the construction.

You can give four types of loads to the construction: Dead, snow, wind and live loads. The type of load is
selected with buttons on top left of the window. On the right side of these buttons there are lights indicating if
loads have been selected for the load type in question.

A. Dead Load
Feed the weights of the constant constructions loading the profiled sheet without the weight of the profile sheet
itself. You can give a uniform load acting over the total area and additionally to this an arbitrary number of
additional loads. These latter ones might be uniform, trapezoidal or point loads.

B. Snow Loads
Feed the snow load acting on the construction. The snow load consists of the basic load and additional form
factors (Snow load = pressure factor (form factor) * Basic Snow Load) and possible additional loads. The loads
given by the form factor and the additional loads act simultaneously on the construction.

Basic Loads
Select from a list (if available) the (snow) area where the building is situated. (Not shown in all norms). With
the buttons Pressure- (Form-) factors/Additional Loads you select, if you wish to give basic snowload and form
factor in connection with the snow load or the possible additional snow loads.

Pressure/Form Factors
Basic snow load on the roof: Feed the basic value of the snow. (If you previously selected the snow area, you
cannot give this value, since it is automatically selected according to the area).
Mobility: This value is given in percentages, indicating how much on each span is moving in snowdrifts. This
information is not required in all norms.
The snow form factor can consist of trapezoidal or rectangular areas. More about feeding form factor values in
form- and pressure factors.

C. Wind Loads
Feed the windload acting on the construction. The wind load consists of the basic load and the pressure factor.
(Wind load = Pressure factor * Basic wind load), possible additional loads and loads due to the sheet effect.
Wind load can be given at most as 4 different cases (wind directions), from which the load combination will find
the dimensioning cases. The loads given via the pressure factors, via the additional loads and via the sheet
effect loads act simultaneously on the construction in each wind case.

Basic Loads
Case: Select the wind direction case (1...4), for which you study the pressure factors/additional loads/sheet
effect. With the button pressure factors/additional loads/sheet effect you select, if you wish to feed the values
attached to the basic load for pressure factors, to possible wind additional loads or to sheet effect loads.
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 14

Pressure Factors
Basic wind load: Feed the basic wind load value.
The wind loading pressure factor may consist of rectangular areas. More about pressure factors in form- and
pressure factors.

Sheet Effect
Give the values of the forces acting in the profile sheet plane (wind pressure on the building walls). The load
acts simultaneously with the other loads of the active wind case. You cannot feed the sheet effect loads, if you
haven't activated the sheet effect calculation in section basic structure data.

C. Live Loads
You feed the live loads acting in the construction. More about giving loads values in additional loads.

The given loads are combined according to the selected norm. More about load combination in combining loads.

4.5.1 Feeding Form and Pressure Factors

The form factor can consist of trapezoidal and rectangular areas (snow load) and the pressure factor
correspondingly only of rectangular areas (wind load). For the form and pressure factor the length of the area is
defined and the value of the form/pressure factor at the beginning and end of the area.

Processing Areas

Add Area
Give the length of the area and the value of the form/pressure factor at the beginning (and end) of the area.
Add the area to the end of the previous area with the Add button.

Change Area
Select the area to be changed from the area list. Change the area parameters and accept the change with the
Change button. If you change the area length, the border between areas is moved in such a way, that the total
length of joining areas remains unchanged. (You can also move the border between areas by dragging with
the mouse).

Remove area
Select the area to be removed from the area list. Accept the removal with the Delete button.

Add an area to the end of the construction

Give the value of the form/pressure factor at the beginning (and end) of the area. Add the area with the button
To End. The length of the area will be the distance between the end of the previous area and the endpoint of
the construction.

4.5.2 Feeding Additional Loads

You can feed an arbitrary number of additional loads for each type of load (dead-, snow-, wind- and live- loads).
More about load types in loads.

Handling Additional Loads

Adding Loads
Select the load form and give the load parameters associated to this form. Accept the given values with the
Add-button.
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Editing a Given Load

Select the load to be edited from the load list. Edit the necessary load parameters. Accept the changed values
with the Change-button.

Removing a Given Load

Select the load to be removed from the load list. Accept the removal by clicking the Delete-button.

In the list additional loads all the individual loads added to act on the construction are listed. The loads selected
from the list can be combined to be handled as a single live load. Combining the loads is done as follows:
Select the loads to be combined from the list with the mouse. Click the list with the right mouse button => the
combination menu will open. Select load combination in the menu. The selected loads are combined into the top
selected load. Correspondingly the combined load can be detached to form its own load by selecting the load to
be detached with the mouse. You thereafter click with the right mouse button on the list > the combination menu
will open. Select the position separate loads. The selected loads are detached and added to the end of the list
as their own load case.

Load Form
The additional loads can be uniform, trapezoidal or point loads.

Uniform load

A uniform load requires the following data:

- Support symbol, indicating where the load starts.
- Support symbol, indicating where the load ends.
- Load value (Q1)
Mobility, how great a share is mobile on each span.

Trapezoidal load

A trapezoidal load requires the following data:

- Support symbol, indicating where the load starts (A)
- The distance of the load graph from the support (L1 (2000)); this can be negative if the load starts on the left
side on the cantilever.
- Length of the load (L2 (4000))
- Load value at the start of the load (Q1)
- Load value at the end of the load (Q2)
Mobility, how great a share is mobile on each span.
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Point load

A point load requires the following data:

- Support symbol, at the right of which the load situates (A)
- Distance of load from support (L1 (2000))
- Load value (P)
- Load width, on which the load is distributed in the profile sheets length direction (load width in transverse
direction is assumed to be 1000 mm).

4.5.3 Combining Loads

Combining Loads

The loads are combined according to the selected norm using the following formulae:

Finnish Norm B6:

- Ultimate Limit State: Primary construction (when calculating the secondary construction you should replace the
factor 1.6 with 1.4)

- Service Ability State:

Where:
g is the permanent load
qk1 is the dimensioning live load, which is not snow- or wind load.
qk2 is the dimensioning natural load (snow- or wind load, the other of these is calculated as other live load)
qki is other live load

Eurocode

- Ultimate Limit State:

- Service Ability State:

Where:
Gkj is the permanent load
Qk1 is the dimensioning live load, which is can be snow-, wind or other live load.
Qki is other live load (snow-, wind- or other live load)
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German Norm DIN 18 800-1 [6], 7.2.2

- Ultimate Limit State

Fd = 1.35 × g + 1.5 × qk 1
or
n
Fd = 1.35 × g + 1.5 × ∑ 0.9 * qki
i =1

Where:
g is constant load
qk1 is dimensioning live load, which may be payload, snow- or wind load.
qki is live loads (payload, snow- or windload)

Swedish Norm N5
- Ultimate Limit State:
n m n
Fd = ∑ 1 .0 × G
j =1
kj + 1.3 × Qk 1 + ∑ 1.0 ×ψ 0 iQki ≥
i=2
∑1.15 × G
j =1
kj

- Service Ability State:

n m
Fd = ∑1.0 × Gkj + 1.0 × Qk1 + ∑1.0 ×ψ 0iQki
j =1 i=2
or
n m
Fd = ∑ 1.0 × Gkj + ∑1.0 × ψ 0iQ ki
j =1 i =1

Where:
Gkj is permanent load
Qk1 is dimensioning live load, which may be payload, snow- or wind load.
Qki is other live load (payload, snow- or windload)

4.6 Dimensioning
Dimensioning (Dimensioning/Dimensioning..)

Profile Filtering for the Product List

The filtering criteria to import profiles to the profile product list are selected on the Materials-, Perforation- and
Product Group pages. If no profile which fulfills the selection criteria is found in the profile database, a
notification will be shown in the selection list (dimensioning can not be performed).
- Material Page
On the material page you select the material to be used. The material may be 1) Construction Steel 2)
Stainless Steel or 3) Aluminum.
- Perforation Page
Some products are available with the webs/flanges perforated to improve the acoustic damping properties. The
following perforations are available: 1) no perforation 2) webs perforated 3) flanges perforated and 4) both
webs and flanges perforated.
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- Product Group Page

On the page product group you select the profiles type/form. The following types are available:
1) Show all, type has no significance. 2) Profile must have both web- and flange stiffeners. 3) Profile must have
flange stiffeners. 4) Profile must have no stiffeners.

Products
In the products list you select with the mouse the profile to be used in dimensioning.

Calculate Button
Solves the forces and the deflections acting in the structure and checks if the selected profile strength is ample
enough. More detailed results are shown in the windows force distribution graphs, utility rates, sheet effect
forces and fasteners.

Profile Sheet Table

The table shows a numbered list of profiled sheets. In the table you find the following columns:
- Thickness/Strength: The sheets nominal thickness [mm] and the steel strength [N/mm2]
- Overlap: How many full folds neighboring sheets are overlapping.
- Length : Theoretical sheet cutting length, at ends overlap support width/2, at least 75 mm.
- Field: Max. utilization rate % in the field, must be <=100 %
- Support: Max. utilization rate % at the support, must be <=100 %
- Deflection: Max. deflection utilization rate %, must be <=100 %
- Sheet Effect: Dimensioning utilization rate of sheet effect %, must be <=100 %, (- if the sheet effect is
not utilized, see basic structure data)
- Dimensioning
criteria: Critical dimensioning criteria from the above listed ones.

The thickness of the profile sheet is changed by selecting with the mouse. Choose the wanted sheet fields in the
thickness/strength column (the whole column can be selected by clicking on the top heading) and thereafter in
the above pull down menu the required thickness/strength. By selecting the profile (undefined), the program
searches the lightest possible profile (thinnest) from the alternatives in the list.

The sideways overlap is changed by selecting the column overlap and in its pull down menu choosing the
wanted overlap value.

Information Field at the Bottom of the Window

In the information field at the bottom of the window you find messages about the calculation performance.
If the message is one of the following: A) Calculated values are used in dimensioning or Test results used in
dimensioning, it means, that the dimensioning has been done with other values than those selected in
Calculation settings. See more about this in Calculation Settings.

5. Show Results Menu

5.1 Structural Model

Structural Model (Show results/Structural Model..)

The window shows the constructions structural model. The contents of the structural model can be edited in the
calculation settings choices.

You can dock the structural model window in the programs main window, either in its top or bottom part. You can
then adjust the height of the docked window with the main window splitter.

Double-clicking a span opens the window spans and activates the respective span in the window.
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Correspondingly double-clicking a support opens the supports and joints window and activates the fields
containing data about this support.

Explanation of symbols in the structural model:

a) Span number
b) Support Symbol
c) Span length from support center to next support center
d) Support width
e) Support piece used on support (if shown).
f) Material thickness and strength of selected profile sheet
g) Sheet cutting length
h) Joint symbol (overlap joint and overlap dimensions)

The figure can be copied directly to the Windows clipboard with the copy (to clipboard) button and then be
moved to another program (for instance a word processing program). The size of the figure to be copied can be
adjusted by adjusting the original window.

5.2 Force Distribution Graphs

Force Distribution Graphs (Show Results/Force Distribution Graphs..)

The window Force Distribution Graphs can be docked to the programs main window, either in its top or bottom
part. The height of the docked window can be adjusted with the splitter in the center of the main window.

The graphs show the moments, shear forces and deflections multiplied with the load safety factors. The forces
are in the ultimate limit state, the deflections in the service ability state. The graphs show the envelopes, which
are formed according to the combination of all load cases. This means, that the top- and bottom curves give the
variation interval for the entity in question. The graphs use the following measuring units:
- Moments kNm/m
- Shear force kN/m
- Deflection mm
Note. The values of moments and shear forces are given per meter width of profile sheet, in other words per
strip meter.

You select the force entity to be presented with selection buttons at the top of the window. The graph can be
copied directly to the window clipboard with the button Copy (to clipboard) and thus be moved to another
program (for instance a word processing program). The size of the picture to be copied to the clipboard can be
adjusted by adjusting the size of the cross section window.
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The forces acting in the calculation node can be brought to view by double clicking the left mouse button. If the
calculation nodes are not shown on the window, they can be brought to view from the calculation settings
window at window settings/Node symbols.

5.3 Results
Show Results (Show Results/Numerical Results..)

In the results table the forces both at the supports and in the fields are shown. Also the utility grades and field
deflections are on view. The row starting with a number contains the field (span) data; those beginning with a
letter (support symbol) give the support data. The table contains the following columns:

- Support and span symbols

- The type of joint and span lengths
- The profile sheet symbol
- The symbol for the sheets thickness/strength

A Forces:
-1. The value of the moment when the utilization rate is calculated solely for the moment [kNm/m]
-2. The value of the support reaction/shear force/point load when calculating the utilization rate solely for the
force [kN/m]
-3. The moment value when calculating the combined influence (7)
-4. The support reaction/shear force/point load value when calculating the combined influence (7)
B Utilization rates:
-5. Utilization rate in respect to the moment [%] (1)
-6. Utilization rate in respect to the support reaction/shear force/point load [%] (2)
-7. Utilization rate for the combined influence [%] (moment 3 and support reaction/shear force/point load 4)
C Deflection:
-8. Deflection [mm]
-9. Deflection in proportion to span width [L/?]
-10. The utilization rate for the deflection [%]

Results list

The list shows either

- the most dimensioning data about the field, support and deflection
or
- data on all dimensioned places
The data are, listed for each profile sheet:
- Number of span
- The distance of the dimensioned spot from the beginning of the span
- The moment used in the dimensioning [kNm/m]
- The support reaction/point load used in the dimensioning [kN/m]
- The deflection used in the dimensioning [mm]
- Utility rate [%]
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- Dimensioning criteria

5.4 Sheet Effect Forces

Sheet Effect Forces (Show Results/Sheet Effect..)

In the window sheet effect you can view the results of the sheet effect calculations. The results are divided into
two entireties: A) Forces and B) Utility Rates.

A) Forces
The window shows the calculation dimensions of the sheet field and the forces acting on the buildings wind
trusses and the forces acting on the edge beams and also the maximum shear flow in the sheet field. (The
maximum shear flow is found at the edges of the sheet field and in the building gable). The wind case to be
printed is selected in the wind case found at the bottom of the window.

B) Utility Rates.
The window shows the sheet utility rates caused by the sheet effect as calculated for the sheet field at hand. The
number of quantities to be printed depends on the used norm.

Quantities in the utility rate table

Vmax The sheet force caused in the sheet by the sheet effect and the dimensioning wind case
Vw,Rd Local buckling in the web caused by the sheet force.
Vf,Rd Local buckling caused in the dimensioning flange by the sheet force.
Vg,Rd Global buckling on the span. (Information on the dimensioning span, if the sheet reaches across
several spans).
M+Vw Combined influence of moment and web buckling (sheet effect).
M+Vf Combined influence of moment and buckling of dimensioning flange (sheet effect).
R+Vw Combined influence of support reaction and web shear forces (sheet effect).

Quantities in the gable support (if there is a cantilever at the gable, there are no gable quantities)
Rv,Sd Support reaction caused on the gable support by the sheet effect.
Rs.Rd The corresponding capacity.
Vsd The force originating from the sheet effect distorting the cross-section at the gable support (displacing
the top flange).
Vr.Rd The corresponding capacity.

Hint. If the cross section distortion (displacement of the top flange Vsd) becomes dimensioning on the gable
support, its influence can be removed by preventing top flange displacement by constructional methods. This
information is given in the window sheet effect data.

Note. If the sheet is fastened onto purlins, the sheet force acting in the profile sheet, the sheet force acting in
the sheet must be Transferred to Main Beams continuously along the whole sheet length (calculation
assumption, local stress concentrations not considered).
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5.4.1 Preventing Top Flange Displacement

If the sheet effect is utilized, the capacity of the construction can be increased by preventing the top flange
displacement at the end support. In most cases the displacement capacity of the top flange will become the
dimensioning factor unless it is prevented by the construction. The displacement can be prevented for instance
as in the following picture:

The top flange is tied to the support with a C-profile or it is tied to the constructions wall/eaves.

5.4.2 Transfer of Sheet Force to Main Beams

In the program it is assumed, that the sheet forces are transferred from the sheet to the main beams
"continuously". No local stress peaks appear in the sheets. The forces can be transferred to the beams for
instance with Z- or C- beams, which are situated between purlins at least at the end support.

A Main Beam
B Purlins
C "Assisting" beams for transferring the sheet force.

5.5 Fastener Utilization

Fastener Utilization Rates (Show Results/Fastener Utilization..)

The window shows the fasteners utilization rates and dimensioning criteria.

Fasteners onto Supports (Fasteners in lower Flange)

The table contains data about the fastenings to each support on each line. The table contains the following
columns:
- Fasteners on the support pieces/lower flange (flange against the support)
- Utilization rate [%]
- Dimensioning criteria
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Fasteners in end-to-end Joints (fasteners in web)

Overlapping joints and hinged joints in field (Joint types 3, 4 and 5)
The table rows contain data about the fasteners in each joint. The table contains the following columns:
- Number of fasteners in each joint number/web (0,5 = screw in each other web plate)
- Utilization rate [%]
- Dimensioning criteria

Fasteners in Sideways Joints

The table rows contain data about the sideways joint fasteners for each span. The table contains the following
columns:
- The fastening interval in the overlap, center to center [mm]
- Utilization rate [%]
- Dimensioning criteria

Number of Fasteners/meter
In this position there is given the total number of fasteners for a 1 meter wide calculation strip, given for each
type.

If the utilization rate is -, then the fastener is not loaded. In this case the number of fasteners is determined
according to the minimum values. If the utilization rate is exceeded (>100), you can exchange the fastener into
a greater one in the Fastener window and perform a new calculation of only the fasteners by clicking the
Dimension-button.

6. Settings Menu

6.1 Interface
Operating Environment Settings (Settings/Operating Environment..)

The window for Operating Environment (interface) settings is divided into four part windows: Sound, Color, Hint
and Language.

1. Use of Sound

On the page Sound you select, if you want the program to use sound or not. If you select Sound, the program
will give a sound signal in case of error indications and with certain remarks. (If you use a soundcard, this must
first be taken into use, Windows 3.1).
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If the program is used in Windows 95, 98, NT, and there is a sound card (multimedia card) in the computer, the
used sounds can be exchanged. The change is done in the Control Panel at the position Sound. In the window
you will see a selection list of events on the left and of available sound files on the right. (You can also add your
own sounds to the selection).

2. Color Settings in the Program

On the page Color you select the colors to be used by the program (such colors that are not defined by the
Windows default settings). The user can set the colors according to his own choice, as long as the color of the
graphs are not of the same colors as their background, in which case the graph cannot be seen).

The colors are selected in the following way:

1. The drawing element is chosen, for which a color should be chosen. The program shows the valid color
selection in the color definition window.
2. A new color is chosen with the slider color saturation control. (If the screen can show less than 256 colors,
note when selecting that the color is uniform so that the lines are shown evenly. This can be checked in the color
window).

If you wish to change the color back to the original one, this can be done with the Cancel button.

3. Hint Window

In the Hint window you select:

1 Do you want the program to show hints (Quick Help) in the Hint-window? The Hint window will open above
certain buttons and inquiry-fields when the mouse cursor is brought upon theses objects. This window contains
a short hint about the component or about the figure to be fed in.
2. How fast (after how long delay) after placing the cursor on the object the window will open.
3. What color the hint window background should be. The color of the hint background is selected from the
window for color selection.
4. Should the program also show the hint (help) in the info bar at the bottom of the main window? (The help in
the info bar is usually slightly more extensive than the one in the hint window).

4. Setting Language on the Screen and in the Print-Outs

In the Language window you select the language used in the user interface and in the paper print outs. These
languages need not be the same. The languages can be selected among the available ones. (In connection
with the program start-up the available languages are checked.) The available languages vary with the
programs. If the program does not support the wanted language, it is worth while to check if it is available from
the program supplier/retailer.

Note! Changed settings are valid only during this session. Changed settings have to be saved in the programs
INI-file with the Save Ini- button to be in force next time.

6.2 Calculation Settings

Calculation Settings (Settings/Calculation Settings..)

General
This window contains all selections which influence the program behavior. The changes can influence only the
active calculation (you close the window with the OK-button) or they can be saved to be permanent (Save-
button, save in the program Save.Ini-file). NOTE: neither of these files is saved in the construction models file.
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Window Settings Page

Details:
The picture is drawn showing the sheet joints in principle. This shows for instance in an overlapping end joint the
actual overlap.

Cutting Lengths:
The picture shows the theoretical cut lengths. The sheets are continued across the support at least a length
corresponding to half the support width, however at least 75 mm.

Profile Symbols:
The profile symbols are shown in the drawn picture. In an undimensioned construction the identification is
(unidentified), for a dimensioned one the profiles symbol, thickness/strength [mm]/[N/mm2] are given.

Support Widths:
The support widths are drawn on the graph.

Measuring Lines:
The span measuring lines from support center to center and to cantilever ends are drawn in the picture.

Span and Support symbols:

The symbols for spans and supports are shown on the picture. Numbers are used as span symbols, letters for
supports.

Node Symbols:
The FEM-model nodes are drawn and their node numbers and the elements sheet numbers.

Calculations Settings Page

In how many parts the span is divided:

The parameter influences the accuracy with which the turning points in the distribution graphs are found (number
of nodes on a span). The greater the number, the more accurate a result and correspondingly the longer the
calculation time.

The number of elements on a span is at least equal to the parameter. There might be even a greater number of
elements, if there is a profile sheet joint on the span. If the point of joint happens to situate in such a way, that
the nodes needed by the joint are far away from the basic node interval, the nodes needed for the joint are
added. If the position is close enough to the basic node distribution, the basic node is moved to the position of
the joint. In an overlapping joint there is always added additional nodes at the overlapping joint for the top/bottom
sheets. On both sides of the support there are always also help support nodes on the support area. These
helpnodes are not shown in the construction model.

Selecting the used cross section values:

Select which ones of the cross section values to be used in the calculations. The calculation can be done either
with the test results or with calculated values. All profiles do not have tested values available. If you try to
calculate with tested values, and these are not available, then the calculations will be done with calculated cross
section values. In this case there will appear a remark about this conflict at the bottom of the dimensioning
window.

Data influencing sheet length

Give the basic values for the end overlap lengths (overlap at supports and overlap in the field). The lengths
apply to simple joints. The values are default values, which are always applied when initializing new calculations.
If you wish to change these values after initializing, they have to be changed in Supports and Joints.
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7. Default Value File Menu

The default value files contain start up data needed by the program. A part of these files is permanently placed
in the program directory, and a part of these are copied to the project directory when needed to form project
specific data.

The basic data in the project/program-directory are in files with extensions .BIN, .RRT, .PLF or .PPF. (example
MATEVARM.rrt). The files are binary files, and they are always edited through program menu selections. The
safety factor files (.rrt) in the program directory should normally not be edited, because it would influence all
future project directories. (The files in the program directory are used as default files, which are copied when
needed to the project directory).

__________
Additional information
Name of Norm
Material Safety Factors
Load Safety Factors

7.1.1 Name of Norm

Name of Norm (Default Value Files/Safety factors/Name of Norm)

The norm name (identification text) is saved in the Materials- and Load Safety Factors files (MATEVARM.rrt and
OSAVARM.rrt). Editing the identification texts is possible only if you selected own values as dimensioning norm
when you created the project. In all other cases the identification text is projected for viewing only. When you
use an own norm, the edited text will be saved in the project directory. The changed text can be saved for each
project with the Save-Pro -function. If you wish the changed text to be valid only during the active session, you
can accept the change with the OK-button (the changed values are not saved in the calculation files, therefore
the next time you open the file the default name will again be used).

The norm identification text does not influence the calculation results. The identification text will be printed as
additional information when printing the results on paper.

_____________
Additional information
Copying Safety Factors
Default Value Files

7.1.2 Materials Safety Factors

Materials Safety Factors (Default Value Files/Partial Safety Factors/Material Safety Factors)

The safety factors for materials are found in the default value files MATEVARM.rrt. Editing the factors is
possible only, if the project was started with the choice own values as dimensioning norms. In other cases the
values in the windows are protected to be viewed only. When own norms are used, the edited files are saved in
the project directory, where the values influence all calculations done in that project directory. The factors can
be saved for each project with the Save-Pro -function. If you wish to use the changed values only in the active
calculation, the changes are accepted with the OK-function (the changed values are not saved in the calculation
files, therefore the next time the file is opened the default values are used).
_____________
Additional information:
Copying Safety Factor Files
Default Value Files
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7.1.3 Load Safety Factors

Load Safety Factors (Default Value Files/Safety Factors/Load Safety Factors)

The files with the Load Safety Factors are situated in the default value file OSAVARM.sbc. The values can be
edited only, if the project was started with the choice own values as dimensioning norms. In other cases the
values in the windows are protected to be viewed only. When own norms are used, the edited files can be
saved in the project directory, where the values influence all calculations done in that project directory. The
factors can be saved for each project with the Save-Pro -function. If you wish to use the changed values only in
the active calculations, the changes are accepted with the OK-function (the changed values are not saved in the
calculation files, therefore the next time you open the file, the default values will again be used).

_____________
Additional Information:
Copying Safety Factors
Default Value Files

7.2 Fastener Data

Fastener Data (Default Value Files/Fastener Data...)

Editing the fastener data file 'LEVYRUUV.BIN'.

The data on available fasteners are saved in a binary file, which is edited in a special editing window. The file
contains data on all fasteners that can be used in the program (screws and rivets). The contents of the file are
shown in connection with the selection of fasteners.

Data to be given about the fasteners:

Basic facts about the fastener

1. Fastener symbol. The name/symbol may contain at the most 30 characters, e.g. SL2-T-A14-4.8*20. The
fastener symbol is shown in the selection lists and paper printouts.
2. Manufacturer. The manufacturers name, at most 40 characters. Also shown in connection with the fastener
data.

Basic data page

1. Fastener type. The type of fastener is selected. The type may be any of the following: 1 Self-drilling screw
(self-drilling = does not need a pre-drilled hole), 2 Self-threading screw, sharp-ended (self-threading = needs
a prebored hole but not threads), 3 Self-threading screw, blunt-ended (needs a pre-bored hole, as no. 2) and
4 Rivet, needs a pre-bored hole.
2. Material. The fasteners material is selected. The materiel can be some of the following ones 1. Carbon
Steel, 2 Stainless steel, 3 Aluminum, and 4 Monel (rivet).
3. Use. The use of the fastener is selected. The fastener might be intended for sheet overlapping or fastening
to the support beam.
4. Sealing washer. The need for a sealing washer is selected.
5. Support material. Explanation of onto which support material the fastener can be used.

Dimensions- and Strength Page

On the page about dimensions and strengths the screw dimensions are listed as well as their strengths, see
picture on table.
1. Screw length. The total length L of the screws shaft.
2. Diameter of the screws head/washer. If the screw is provided with a sealing washer, its diameter is given, if
not then the head diameter.
3. Minimum thickness of parts. The minimum sum of the thicknesses of the parts to be joined.
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 28

4. Maximum thickness of parts. The maximum sum of the thicknesses of the parts to be joined. (How thick
materials might be joined together)?
5. Allowed drilling thickness. How thick a material can be drilled through before the threading begins. (The
support must not be thicker than the drilling thickness). This is of significance only in connection with self-
drilling screws.
6. Shear strength. The shear strength of the fasteners shaft (without safety factor).
7. Tension strength. The tension strength of the fasteners shaft (without safety factor).

__________
Additional information
Default Value Files
Editing Binary Files

7.3 Support Steel Strengths

Support Steel Strengths (Default Value Files/Support Steel Strengths...)

Editing the Support Steel Strengths file 'TUKITLUJ.BIN'.

The steel/material strengths are saved in a binary file, which is edited in a special editing window. All support
purlin/beam material strengths used in the program are saved in this file. The contents of the file are shown in
the dialog box when the fasteners are selected. The strength values are utilized when defining the pull out
strengths of the support fasteners.

Data on the material strengths:

Strength page:
1. Material symbol. The symbol may be at maximum 20 characters long. E.g. S235JRG2 (235/360)
2. Material. The used material. At the moment there are 3 alternatives available: A steel, B stainless steel and
C aluminum.
3. If the steel is hot- or coldrolled. Influences the form of the load-extension graph (only steel material).
4. The lower yield limit of the steel/material [N/mm2] .
5. The breaking point of the steel/material [N/mm2]

Norm Page
On the norm page the filtering for the selected steel/material strengths are set according to the norms. At the
moment this property is not applied in the program (not visible).
__________
Additional information
Default Value Files
Editing Binary files
Norm Filtering

7.3.1 Norm Filtering

Norm Filtering

Norm Filtering means a property of the program, which enables you to choose if the material/profile is shown in
the selected norm. This property influences on the contents of the selection lists (varies from one norm to
another).
Meaning of selection:
- No filtering: Material/profile used in all norms.
- Filtered: You select, in which norms the material/profile is available.
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 29

7.4 Profile Data Editing

Profile Data Editing (Default Value Files/Profile Data Files/Profile Data Editing..)

In the Profile Data Editing window you can change or view cross section values in selected profile data files.
Editing is possible only for SuperUser group members.

The window is divided into 5 parts: 1) File identification data (identification fields at top of window, cannot be
edited), 2) General Information, 3) Sheet Dimensions, 4) Cross Section Values and 5) Buttons at the bottom of
the window.

1) File identification data

Shows the identification data for the active profile (profile name/file name), and the individual file identification
needed to find the file. This is created automatically in connection with creating the file. The profile is identified
with the help of this file identification code. For this reason an earlier created profile file must never be changed
to another.

2) General Information
On the page with general information the following information about the profile are given: Profile name, last
revision date of file, comments associated to the saved values (seen only if editing is possible), the norm
according to which the values are saved. If the saved values contain the materials safety factor and if they do,
also the value of the safety factor and the material data for the profile.

3) Sheet Dimensions
The number of dimension fields in the sheet dimension page depends on the selected norm. The page contains
dimension and parameter data associated to the sheet form.

The support strength related support width means the following: The given value corresponds to the support
width for which the tables support strength is defined (tested/calculated). The value of the support width field 1
must always be given. The value of field 2 must be greater than the value of field 1. If the strength is defined only
on one support width, the value of field 2 must in that case be 0. The field 2 is not shown for all norms.
In the choice save cross section values is shown, which values have been saved in the data base (values tested
according to norm available, values calculated according to norm available).

4) Cross Section Values

The cross section values page gives the proper profiles strength related values, which will be used in checking
the capacities. The number of fields and choices depends on the selected norm.

5) Buttons
The number of available buttons depends on, if the window is in view- or edit state. In view state only the open
files, Help and window Close buttons are active.

7.5 Editing Binary Files

Editing Binary Files

If you see the text "Editing the values not possible", then you cannot change the saved values.

If the text is not visible, then the product/material values can be freely changed.

A. Changing existing data.

Select the wanted product/material from the left side of the edit window. The magnitudes of the selected
product/materials are printed in the edit fields. The wanted magnitudes are revised. The edited magnitudes
are accepted with the Accept button. If the revisions should be permanent, the values are saved in the file
with the Save-button.
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 30

B. Feeding new data.

A suitable existing product/material data is copied with the Copy-button, to form a base for editing. On the left
of the window in the selection list you will see the copy of the selected product/material and its magnitudes will
be copied into the edit fields. The Copy symbol will be the marked with +(C). Edit the symbol and correct the
magnitudes. Accept the changed data with the Accept-button. If the data should be permanent, save them
with the Save-button.

C. Removing existing data.

Select the data to be removed from the list on the left side of the edit window. The product/material is
removed with the Remove-button. If the change should be permanent, save the values with the Save-button.

Revision Date: If you wish to change the date of the revision, feed the date into the revision date field at the
bottom of the window. The date will be saved simultaneously with the save operation.

8. Window Menu

8.1 Open Windows

Open windows (Window/Open Windows..)

The window Open Windows contains a list of open results viewing windows. Results viewing window can be
selected (activated) by double-clicking it on the open windows list. You can also activate the window with the
PicWin button (the window selected in the list is activated). The selected window is brought on top of the
desktop. The number of windows in the list depends on how many windows are open at the moment. If no
window is open on the desktop, there will be nothing on list.

The window selected in the list can be closed with the DelWin button.

The Open Windows window is closed with the Close-button. Closing (or opening) this window does not affect the
conditions of the other windows.

8.2 Close Windows

Close Windows (Window/Close Windows)

The selection closes all open windows (Except the main program window).

If any viewing window is open, the close window selection is available. (Correspondingly if no viewing window is
open, the close windows selection is protected).
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 31

Index
B
Basic Structure Data..........................................................................................................................................................................7
C
Calculation Settings.........................................................................................................................................................................24
Close Windows ................................................................................................................................................................................30
Combining Loads.............................................................................................................................................................................16
Contents..............................................................................................................................................................................................1
Copy File............................................................................................................................................................................................3
Copying Safety Factors .....................................................................................................................................................................5
D
Default Value Files ..........................................................................................................................................................................26
Dimensioning...................................................................................................................................................................................17
E
Edit Old File.......................................................................................................................................................................................4
Editing Binary Files.........................................................................................................................................................................29
End Overlap......................................................................................................................................................................................12
F
Fastener Data....................................................................................................................................................................................27
Fastener Utilization .........................................................................................................................................................................22
Fasteners...........................................................................................................................................................................................12
Feeding Additional Loads ...............................................................................................................................................................14
Feeding Form and Pressure factors ................................................................................................................................................14
File History ........................................................................................................................................................................................7
Force Distribution Graphs ...............................................................................................................................................................19
G
General Description ........................................................................................................................................................................1
I
Interface............................................................................................................................................................................................23
J
Joint Types .......................................................................................................................................................................................11
L
Load Safety Factors .........................................................................................................................................................................27
Loads ................................................................................................................................................................................................13
M
Margins...............................................................................................................................................................................................6
Materials Safety Factors..................................................................................................................................................................26
N
Name of Norm.................................................................................................................................................................................26
New Calculation ................................................................................................................................................................................3
Norm Filtering .................................................................................................................................................................................28
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Dimensioning Program POIMU for load-bearing profile sheets 25.01.2001 32

O
Open Windows.................................................................................................................................................................................30
P
Prevent Top Flange Displacement..................................................................................................................................................22
Print Selection....................................................................................................................................................................................6
Printer Fonts.......................................................................................................................................................................................6
Printer Settings...................................................................................................................................................................................5
Profile Data Editing .........................................................................................................................................................................29
Project Data........................................................................................................................................................................................3
Project Directory................................................................................................................................................................................3
R
Results ..............................................................................................................................................................................................20
S
Save As ...............................................................................................................................................................................................4
Save File.............................................................................................................................................................................................4
Sheet Effect Data...............................................................................................................................................................................9
Sheet Effect Forces ..........................................................................................................................................................................21
Simple Joint in Span ........................................................................................................................................................................11
Spans...................................................................................................................................................................................................8
Structural Model ..............................................................................................................................................................................18
Support Steel Strengths ...................................................................................................................................................................28
Supports and Joints..........................................................................................................................................................................10
T
Transfer of Sheet Force to Main Beams ........................................................................................................................................22