NFPA 10 - Selection of Fire Extinguishers PDF

Selection of Portable Fire
Extinguishers
In Accordance with
NFPA 10,2010
Chapter- 05
Fire Fighting Design Course - Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

General Requirement, NFPA
10,CH.05, Cl.5.1
1. Type of fire most likely to occur

2. Size of fire most likely to occur
3. Hazards in the area where the fire is most likely to occur
4. Energized electrical equipment in the vicinity of the fire
5. Ambient temperature conditions

Classification of Hazard, NFPA
10,CH.05, Cl. 5.4
• Light Hazard
 These occupancies consist of fire hazards having normally expected quantities of Class A
combustible furnishings, and/or the total quantity of Class B flammables typically expected to be
present is less than 1 gal (3.8 L) in any room or area.
• Ordinary Hazard
 These occupancies consist of fire hazards that only occasionally contain Class A combustible
materials beyond normal anticipated furnishings, and/or the total quantity of Class B flammables
typically expected to be present is from 1 gal to 5 gal (3.8 L to 18.9 L) in any room or area.
• Extra Hazard
These occupancies consist of fire hazards involved with the storage, packaging, handling,
or manufacture of Class A combustibles, and/or the total quantity of Class B flammables
expected to be present is more than 5 gal (18.9 L) in any room or area.
Requirement of High Flow Fire Extinguisher
based on the special Hazard.
• When dealing with flammable liquids and flammable

gases you have the capability for a more violent fire that
is able to spread much more quickly than your standard
class A type of fire
• So not only do you have the possibility of a pressurized
flame- there can be obstacles and also three-
dimensional types of fire when dealing with these types
of hazards
• These types of scenarios require better flow ratings for
the novice user to have the best chance of total
extinguishment

Requirement of High Flow Fire Extinguisher
based on the special Hazard.
• It is not the intent of NFPA 10 to require high discharge

rate extinguishers simply due to the presence of
pressurized flammable liquids or gases, such as a fueling
stations or natural gas storage.
• Such extinguishers are only required where they are to be
provided specifically for the purpose of fighting a
pressurized fire, in accordance with the applicable
occupancy standard or the requirements of the authority
having jurisdiction

Selection for Specific Hazard, NFPA 10,CH.05, Cl. 5.5
Cl. 5.5.1
Attempting to suppress this type of
fire is undesirable unless there is
reasonable assurance that the
• Cl. 5.5.1.1 – Pressurized Flammable liquids and Gas Fire source of fuel can be promptly shut
off.
Flammable liquid or gas that is being released under pressure from a hose,  LPG tanks and transfer areas
pipe, flange, fitting, valve, pump, cylinder, tank, or any other storage and
transport devices
 Paint and solvent spray operations
 Pumps and piping networks
Pressurized Flammable liquids & Gas Example  Gasoline fuel pumps
Fire  Processing and distribution equipment
 Compressed gas cylinders and manifolds
 High-pressure hydraulic equipment
Cl. 5.5.1.1 - Selection of fire extinguishers for this type of hazard shall be made on the basis of
recommendations by manufacturer of this specialized equipment.
Cl. 5.5.1.2 - Large capacity dry chemical extinguishers of 10 lb (4.54 kg) or greater and a discharge rate of
1 lb/sec (0.45 kg/ sec) or more shall be used to protect these hazards.

Cl. 5.5.2
• Cl. 5.5.2 – Three Dimensional Fires

 Pumps and transfer equipment
 Flammable liquid storage cabinets
Flowing liquid fuels.  Electric power transformers
 Machinery and process equipment
Three Dimensional Fire Example  Coating operations and conveyors
 Tanker loading racks (highway or rail)
 Storage tanks and drum storage racks
 Tank trucks and off-loading points
 Vehicle fueling areas
Cl. 5.5.2 - Large capacity dry chemical extinguishers of 10 lb (4.54 kg) or greater and having a discharge
rate of 1 lb/sec (0.45 kg/sec) or more shall be used to protect these hazards.

Cl. 5.5.4
• Cl. 5.5.4 – Obstacle Fire

Obstacle type fires involve flammable liquid on a horizontal surface where a solid object
creates a barrier within the perimeter of the burning liquid. This can occur when a
flammable liquid is spilled on the floor around a solid object. A solid object can also  Drum storage areas
create a barrier within an open container of flammable liquid, such as a dip tank.
 Dip tank process areas
Obstacle Fire Example  Floor areas around machinery
 Flammable liquid storage cabinets
 Drums or other types of dispensing areas
 Solvent cleaning operations or areas
Cl. 5.5.4 - Selection of a fire extinguisher for this type of hazard shall be based on one of the following:
1. Extinguisher containing a vapor-suppressing foam agent

2. Multiple extinguishers containing non-vapor-suppressing Class B agents intended for simultaneous
application
3. Larger capacity extinguishers of 10 lb (4.54 kg) or greater and a minimum discharge rate of 1 lb/sec (0.45
kg/sec) Fire Fighting Design Course - Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)
Thank You

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Selection of Portable Fire

Fire Fighting Design Course - Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

1. Type of fire most likely to occur

Fire Fighting Design Course - Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

• When dealing with flammable liquids and flammable

Fire Fighting Design Course - Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

• It is not the intent of NFPA 10 to require high discharge

Fire Fighting Design Course - Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

Fire Fighting Design Course - Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

• Cl. 5.5.2 – Three Dimensional Fires

Fire Fighting Design Course - Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

• Cl. 5.5.4 – Obstacle Fire

1. Extinguisher containing a vapor-suppressing foam agent

Fire Fighting Design Course - Mehboob Shaikh(CFPS, CFI, AMIE)

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