Creating A List: Create List Using List Comprehension

List
A list is a data structure in Python that is a mutable or changeable, ordered

sequence of elements. Each element or value that is inside of a list is called an item. List
can be written as a comma-separated values between square brackets.
Creating a List
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]
list3 = ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
list4 = [] #empty list
list5 = list() #creates empty list using list function
list() accepts either a sequence or tuple as the argument and converts into a Python list.
Create List Using List Comprehension
Python supports a concept known as “List Comprehension.” It helps in

constructing lists in a completely natural and easy way.
Syntax
theList = [expression(iter) for iter in oldList if filter(iter)]
Example
theList=[val for val in range(5)]
print(theList) #creates[0,1,2,3,4]
countries=["India","America","England","Germany"]
firstLetters=[country[0] for country in countries]
print(firstLetters) #Prints[‘I’,’A’,’E’,’G’]
PY_5 List Page 1

print ([x+y for x in 'get' for y in 'set']) #Prints['gs', 'ge', 'gt', 'es', 'ee', 'et', 'ts', 'te', 'tt']
Accessing List Elements

To access values in lists, use the square brackets for slicing along with the index or
indices to obtain value available at that index. Any attempt to access an item beyond the
range would result in an IndexError. The index is always an integer. Using any other type
of value will lead to TypeError.
Syntax
List[indexposition]
List(Startingindex,endingindex]
Example
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ];
print ("list1[0]: ", list1[0]) #Prints list1[0]: physics
print ("list2[1:5]: ", list2[1:5]) #Prints list2[1:5]: [2, 3, 4, 5]
Reverse Indexing
Python enables reverse (or negative) indexing for the sequence data type. So, for
Python list to index in the opposite order, you need to set the index using the minus (-)
sign. Indexing the list with “-1” will return the last element of the list, -2 the second last
and so on.
Example
my_list = ['p','r','o','b','e']
print(my_list[-1]) #Prints ‘e’
print(my_list[-5]) #Prints ‘p’
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Reverse a List using slice operator
We can reverse a list using slice operator.
Syntax
theList[::-1]
The ‘-1’ after the second colon intends to increment the index every time by -1 and
directs to traverse in the backward direction.
Example
theList=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
print(theList[::-1])
Slicing a List
A slice is a subset of list elements. In the case of lists, a single slice will always be of
contiguous elements.
Syntax
list[start:end:step]
start (optional) - Starting integer where the slicing of the object starts. Default to None
if not provided.
stop - Integer until which the slicing takes place. The slicing stops at index stop -1 (last
element).
step (optional) - Integer value which determines the increment between each index
for slicing.
Example
theList=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
print(theList[2:5])
PY_5 List Page 3
print(theList[2:-1])
print(theList[:2])
print(theList[2:])
print(theList[2:5:2])
List Iteration
Python provides a traditional for-in loop for iterating the list. The for statement
makes it super easy to process the elements of a list one by one.
Using for loop

Syntax
For element in list:
Print(element)
Example
list1=[1,2,3,4,5]
for element in list1:
print(element)
Using enumerate function in for loop
Syntax
For index, element in enumerate list:
Print(index,element)
Example
list1=[1,2,3,4,5]
for index,element in enumerate(list1):
PY_5 List Page 4

print(index,element)
Using iter function
Syntax
Variable=iter(list)
Variable1=next(Variable)
Variable1=next(Variable) etc....
Example
list1=[1,2,3,4,5]
i=iter(list1)
element=next(i)
print(element)
element=next(i)
print(element)
Update Elements in a List

Python list is a mutable object, so the values at each index can be modified. You
can use the assignment operator (=) to update an element or a range of items.
Syntax
List[indexvalue]=newvalue
Example
theList = ['Python', 'C', 'C++', 'Java', 'CSharp']
theList[4]='C#'
print(theList)
theList[1:4]=['Perl', 'DotNet', 'JS'] print(theList)
PY_5 List Page 5

Creating A List: Create List Using List Comprehension

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List

A list is a data structure in Python that is a mutable or changeable, ordered

list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]

list3 = ["a", "b", "c", "d"]

list4 = [] #empty list

list5 = list() #creates empty list using list function

Create List Using List Comprehension

Python supports a concept known as “List Comprehension.” It helps in

theList = [expression(iter) for iter in oldList if filter(iter)]

theList=[val for val in range(5)]

firstLetters=[country[0] for country in countries]

PY_5 List Page 1

Accessing List Elements

list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];

print ("list1[0]: ", list1[0]) #Prints list1[0]: physics

print ("list2[1:5]: ", list2[1:5]) #Prints list2[1:5]: [2, 3, 4, 5]

print(my_list[-1]) #Prints ‘e’

print(my_list[-5]) #Prints ‘p’

PY_5 List Page 2

We can reverse a list using slice operator.

Using for loop

For element in list:

for element in list1:

Using enumerate function in for loop

For index, element in enumerate list:

for index,element in enumerate(list1):

PY_5 List Page 4

Using iter function

Update Elements in a List

theList = ['Python', 'C', 'C++', 'Java', 'CSharp']

theList[1:4]=['Perl', 'DotNet', 'JS'] print(theList)

PY_5 List Page 5

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