C++ Overloading (Operator and Function)
C++ Overloading (Operator and Function)
More than one definition for a function name or an operator in the same scope ,
which is called function overloading and operator overloading respectively.
An overloaded declaration is a declaration that is declared with the same name as a
previously declared declaration in the same scope, except that both declarations have
different arguments and obviously different definition (implementation).
When you call an overloaded function or operator, the compiler determines the most
appropriate definition to use, by comparing the argument types you have used to call
the function or operator with the parameter types specified in the definitions. The
process of selecting the most appropriate overloaded function or operator is
called overload resolution.
class printData {
public:
void print(int i) {
cout << "Printing int: " << i << endl;
}
void print(double f) {
cout << "Printing float: " << f << endl;
}
void print(char* c) {
cout << "Printing character: " << c << endl;
}
};
int main(void) {
printData pd;
return 0;
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
Printing int: 5
Printing float: 500.263
Printing character: Hello C++
class Box {
public:
double getVolume(void) {
return length * breadth * height;
}
void setLength( double len ) {
length = len;
}
void setBreadth( double bre ) {
breadth = bre;
}
void setHeight( double hei ) {
height = hei;
}
private:
double length; // Length of a box
double breadth; // Breadth of a box
double height; // Height of a box
};
// box 1 specification
Box1.setLength(6.0);
Box1.setBreadth(7.0);
Box1.setHeight(5.0);
// box 2 specification
Box2.setLength(12.0);
Box2.setBreadth(13.0);
Box2.setHeight(10.0);
// volume of box 1
volume = Box1.getVolume();
cout << "Volume of Box1 : " << volume <<endl;
// volume of box 2
volume = Box2.getVolume();
cout << "Volume of Box2 : " << volume <<endl;
// volume of box 3
volume = Box3.getVolume();
cout << "Volume of Box3 : " << volume <<endl;
return 0;
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
Volume of Box1 : 210
Volume of Box2 : 1560
Volume of Box3 : 5400
Overloadable / Non-overloadable Operators
Following is the list of operators which can be overloaded −
+ - * / % ^
& | ~ ! , =
+= -= /= %= ^= &=
|= *= <<= >>= [] ()