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Formal Systems Logic Mathematics Empirical Methodology: Science - Formal Sciences Formal Sciences - Natural Sciences

The branches of science are divided into three major groups: formal sciences like mathematics and logic that use a priori reasoning; natural sciences that study natural phenomena through physical and life sciences; and social sciences that examine human behavior and culture. Natural and social sciences are empirical, relying on observable and verifiable evidence, though what constitutes verification can vary even within a discipline. Formal, natural, and social sciences form the basis of applied fields such as engineering and medicine. Some specialized sciences overlap multiple categories and have their own expertises.

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44 views1 page

Formal Systems Logic Mathematics Empirical Methodology: Science - Formal Sciences Formal Sciences - Natural Sciences

The branches of science are divided into three major groups: formal sciences like mathematics and logic that use a priori reasoning; natural sciences that study natural phenomena through physical and life sciences; and social sciences that examine human behavior and culture. Natural and social sciences are empirical, relying on observable and verifiable evidence, though what constitutes verification can vary even within a discipline. Formal, natural, and social sciences form the basis of applied fields such as engineering and medicine. Some specialized sciences overlap multiple categories and have their own expertises.

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Ruby Castillo
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© © All Rights Reserved
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The branches of science, also referred to as sciences, "scientific fields", or

"scientific disciplines," are commonly divided into three major groups:


• Formal sciences: the study of formal systems, such as those under the
branches of logic and mathematics, which use an a priori, as opposed
to empirical, methodology. Formal sciences include mathematics,
machine sciences (e.g. computer science), etc.
• Natural sciences: the study of natural phenomena (including
cosmological, geological, physical, chemical, and biological factors of
the universe). Natural science can be divided into two main branches:
physical science and life science (or biological science).
• Social sciences: the study of human behavior in its social and cultural
aspects.[1]
Natural and social sciences are empirical sciences, meaning that the
knowledge must be based on observable phenomena and must be capable of
being verified by other researchers working under the same conditions. [2] This
verifiability may well vary even within a scientific discipline[3][4]
Natural, social, and formal science make up the fundamental sciences, which
form the basis of interdisciplinary and applied sciences such as engineering
and medicine. Specialized scientific disciplines that exist in multiple
categories may include parts of other scientific disciplines but often possess
their own terminologies and expertises.[5]

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