th!;J rh!

;jpuk;;

ghFjp ? 08 kidfspd; mikg;g[

jiyth; :

jpU/ S.M. rjhrptk;

<nuh; jpU/ T.V.A. ehuhazd;
ehfh;

jp U/ bfshpr’;fh;
R. fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS
mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp &
n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp
[email protected]
 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 2 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp & n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp kpd;d”;ry;: [email protected]

Xk;
_ FUnt Jiz
vy;yhk; ty;y bja;tkJ! mtdpy;jhd; eP. cd;dpy; mtd;;!

Kd;Diu

md;ghd cyf mwpthspfns! tzf;fk;

,iwtd; cyifg; gilj;jhd;/ gw;gy el;rj;jpu’;fisa[k;. fpuf’;fisa[k;. mit xt;bthd;Wk; xt;bthU tpjkhd rf;jpia cilajhft[k;.
mit midj;Jk; xd;Wf;bfhd;W bjhlh;g[ila jhft[k;. xnu epajpg;go rpwpJk; jtwhky; RHyr; bra;jhd;/ gpd; kdpj caph;fisg;
gilj;jhd;. kdpjDila brhy;Yf;Fk;. braYf;Fk;. thH;tf
[ ;Fk; fpuf’;fs; bjhlh;t[ cilajhf bra;jhd;/

g{h;t b$d;k tpjpapd;go mtd; gpwf;Fk; neuj;jpnyna tpz;zpy; cs;s fpuf r”;rhu’;fisg; bghWj;J mtdJ thH;tk
[ ; vjph;fhyKk;
eph;zapf;fg;gLfpwJ/ mtdJ tpjpg;gaid khw;w ahuhYk; KoahJ/

xUtd; gpwe;j neuj;jpy; cr;rj;jpypUf;Fk; fpuf’;fshy; mtdJ thH;t[ vt;tpjk; ,Uf;Fk; vd;W ekJ Kd;ndhh;fs; jkJ
mDgt’;fspdhYk; jkJ nguwpthYk; Muha;e;J TwpapUg;gJ jhd; n$hjplf; fiyahFk;/ "Maf;fiyfs; mWgj;jp ehd;F" vd;gh;/
mtw;wpy; n$hjplf; fiya[k; xd;W vd;gjhy; ,r; n$hjplf;fiy kdpj thH;tpy; Kf;fpa m’;fk; vd;gJ bjhpatUk;/

"fw;wJ ifkz;zst[. fy;yhjJ cyfst[" Mfnt gw;gy E}y;fisf; fw;W. rpe;jpj;J jdJ mDgt’;fisf; bfhz;L Muha;r;rp bra;J
,f;fiyia bjhpe;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;/ gog;gjdhy; kl;Lk; xUth; n$hjpluhfptpl KoahJ/ cyf mDgt’;fSlDk; $hjf’;fisg; ghh;j;J
mtw;iwg; gw;wp rpe;jpj;jhy;jhd; gy cz;ikfs; bjhpa tUk;/ mjdhy; mwpit mgptpUj;jp bra;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;/

n$hjplk; vd;gJ kdpjdpd; vjph;fhyj;ija[k;. thH;f;ifiaa[k;. Mnuhf;fpak; kw;Wk; ,d;g. Jd;g’;fisa[k; TWtjhFk;/ ,jw;Fnky;
kdpjdpd; jiybaGj;Jk;. tpjp vd;gJk; ,Uf;fpwJ/ mtdJ g{h;t b$d;k gyhgyd;fSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd/ ,it ,iwtdhy;
bfhLf;fg;gl;lit/ ,jpy; mnef bja;t ,ufrpa’;fSk; cz;L/ xUtUila tpjpia kw;wth; brhy;y ,ayhJ/ Mfnt ekf;F ,iwtdpd;
nky; ek;gpf;ifa[k;. gf;jpa[k; ntz;Lk;/

bghJthf itj;jpah; xUth; xUtUila tpahjpiaf; fz;Lgpof;f nehahspia mUfpy; itj;J mtiu gytpjkhf ghPl;irak; bra;J.
tpahjpahy; mtd; Jd;gg;gLtijg; ghh;j;Jk;. czh;j;Jk; mtDf;F vd;d tpahjp. ve;j ghfj;jpy; tpahjp njhd;wpaJ. mjw;F vd;d
epth;j;J vd;W fhz;Lgpof;f Koahky; lhf;lh;fs; tpHpf;fpd;wdh;/

Mdhy; xUtDila thH;f;ifiaa[k;. vjph;fhyj;ija[k;. ehk; epidj;Jg; ghh;f;fKoahj mstpy; mtuJ tpjpiaa[k;. jiybaGj;ija[k;
vt;thW Tw Koa[k;> ,e;j b$d;kj;ij gw;wpna ekf;F bjhpahjpUf;f. g{h;tb$d;k ufrpa’;fs; vt;thW bjhpa[k;> ,tw;wpw;fhf ek; Kd;ndhh;fs;
j’;fs; mDgt’;fshYk; ekJ Muha;r;rpapd; gadhft[k; rpy bghJthd tpjpKiwfis ekf;F je;jUspa[s;sdh;. mJjhd; n$hjplk;
vd;gjhFk;/

,e;J kjj;ij rhh;e;j bgw;nwhh;fs; bgUk;ghYk; $hjfg;bghUj;jk; ed;whf mike;jhy; kl;Lnk j’;fs; gps;isfSf;F jpUkzk; bra;fpwhh;fs;.
ntW kjj;ij rhh;e;jth;fspYk; xUrpyh; jpUkzj;jpw;F Kd; $hjfg; bghUj;jk;. thH;f;ifapd; epfH;fhyk;. vjph;fhyj;ij gw;wp mwptija[k;
tHf;fkhf bfhz;Ls;sdh;/ nkYk; j’;fspd; tPl;od; Rg?fhhpa’;fs;. FLk;gj;jpw;fhd Rg?mRg ghpfhu g{i$fs;. nfhtpy; jpUtpHhf;fs;
nghd;wtw;iw elj;Jtjw;fhd jUz’;fis nfl;fpd;wdh;/ ,jd; K:yk; $hjfg; gyd;; ghh;f;f ntz;oajpd; mtrpaj;ij czu KofpwJ/

th!;J rh!;jpuk; thdpaYf;Fk; epyj;jw;Fk; cs;s bjhlh;ig tpsf;FfpwJ/ fl;llk; fl;lf;Toa kidapd; tot’;fs; trpf;fj;jf;fit.
tpyf;fj;jf;fit nghd;wtw;iwa[k;. kidapd; totj;ij rPh;jpUj;Jk; Kiwfisa[k; ,g;gFjpapd; thapyhf bjhpe;Jbfhz;L kidapd;
gyid Kiwahft[k;. rhpahft[k; Twp. mth;fsJ md;iga[k;. ek;gpf;ifiaa[k; bgWnthk;/

R. fUzhfud;. MA DTA DPCS

mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp &
n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl th!;J rh!;jpu “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 3 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp & n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp kpd;d”;ry;: [email protected]

th!;J rh!;jpuk;;

ghFjp ? 08 kidfspd; mikg;g[

bghUslf;fk;

nehf;fk; ..........................................................................................................................................4

Kd;Diu.......................................................................................................................................4

kidfspd; mikg;g[ ..................................................................................................................4

nfhz tot kidfspd; mikg;g[ ............................................................................................5

kidfspd; totj;ij rPh;jpUj;jk; bra;jy; ..............................................................................6

Koa[iu.........................................................................................................................................6

tpdhf;fs; ......................................................................................................................................6

ghh;it E}y;fs; .............................................................................................................................6

fiyr; brhw;fs;..............................................................................................................................6

Prepared By R.Karunakaran, MA DTA DPCS

Ariviyal Jothida Mamani & Jyothisha Chironmani

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl th!;J rh!;jpu “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 4 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp & n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp kpd;d”;ry;: [email protected]

kidfspd; mikg;g[

nehf;fk;
fl;llj;jpid rhpahd Kiwapy; fl;Ltjw;F kidapd; mikg;gpid ed;F g[hpe;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;/ kidfspd; totk; Rg?mRg
gyd;fis mspf;fj;jf;fitahf ,Uf;fpd;wd/ kidfspd; tot mikg;g[fisg; gw;wp fw;Wf; bfhs;tnj ,e;jgFjpapd;
nehf;fkhFk;/

Kd;Diu
fl;olk; fl;lf;Toa kidahdJ rhpahd totikg;gpy; ,Ue;jhy;jhd; mjpy; fl;lg;gLk; tPl;oy; trpg;gth;fSf;F. Mnuhf;fpak;. kfpH;r;rp.
tskhd thH;f;ifia mspf;Fk;/ kidfspd; gy;ntW tot mikg;g[fis ,dp fhz;nghk;/

kidfspd; mikg;g[
bjhd;ikahd th!;J E}y;fspy; gjpdhWtpjkhd kidfspd; tot’;fSk;. mtw;wpy; tPLfl;Ltjhy; cz;lhFk; Rg?mRg gyd;fSk;
Twg;gl;Ls;sd/ mit

kidapd; totak; tot mikg;g[ ,e;j tif kidapd; gyd;

1) rJu tot kiz: ehd;F g[wKk; rk ePs. mfyKk; ? ehd;F bry;t tsj;ij mspf;Fk;/
K:iyfSk; xnu mstpy; mike;jpUg;gJ rJu
tot kidahFk;

2) brt;tf tot kid: kidapd; fpHf;F?nkw;F gFjp rk msthft[k;. midj;jpYk; btw;wpiaj; jUk;/
tlf;F?bjw;F gFjp rk msthft[k; ,Ue; brt;tf
totpy; ,Ug;gJ brt;tf tot kidahFk;/

3) tl;l tot kid: tl;l totkhf mike;jpUf;Fk; kidahdJ tl;l fy;tp. bry;yt tsh;r;rpiaj; jUk;/ Mya’;fs;.
kid vdg;gLk;/ jpUkz kz;lg’;fs;. gs;sp. fy;Y}hpfs;
mikf;f ,t;tif kidahdJ rpwg;ghdjhFk;/

4) gj;uhrd tot kiz: kidapd; fpHf;F?nkw;F (m) tlf;F?bjw;F ,U midj;J trjpfisa[k; mspf;Fk;/
jpirfspd; ePsk; rkkhf ,Ue;J ,U jpirfspy;
xnu mstpy; cl;gw [ k; Ftpe;J ,Ug;gJ gj;uhrd
g{kp vdg;gLk;/

5) rf;fu tot kid: kidfSld; Toa rf;fu toapy; mike;jpUg;gJ VH;ik. ftiy. tk;r tpUj;jpapd;ik nahd; jPa
rf;fu kidahFk;/ gyd;fis mspf;Fk;/

6) fj;jp tot kid: ehd;F g[wKk; rkkw;w brt;tf totpy; ftiy. Jf;fk; nghd;w jPa gyd;fis mspf;Fk;/
mike;jpUg;gJ. nkYk; xU Kid ePz;oUg;gJ tlfpHf;fpy; <rhd;aj;jpy; ,t;thW ePz;oUg;gJ
fj;jp tot kidahFk;/ rpwg;g[ vd jw;fhy th!;J ty;Ydh;fs; rpyh;
TWfpwhh;fs;/ Mdhy; bjhd;ikahd n$hjpl
E}y;fspy; ,J jPa gyidna jUk; vdf;
fzg;gLfpwJ
7) Kf;nfhz tot kid: K:d;W gf;fKk; rk mstpy; ePs?mfyj;Jld; cah; mjpfhhpfsplk; ,Ue;J bjhy;iy. muR
mike;jpUg;gJ Kf;nfhz kidahFk;/ tifapy; bjhe;jut[. gak;. tk;r tpUj;jpapd;ik
nghd;w jPa gyd;fisj; jUk;/

8) tz;o tot kid: K:d;W tifahd mst[fisf; bfhz;l tz;o kfpH;r;rpapd;ik. ftiy. VH;ik nghd;w jPa
totpy; mike;jpUg;gJ tz;o tot kidahFk;/ gyd;fis mspf;Fk;/

9) cUis tot kid: ,uz;L vjpbujph; jpirfspd; ePsk; rkkhft[k;. bry;tk; kw;Wk; fhy;eilfis ,Hj;jy; nghd; jPa
,uz;L vjpbujph; jpirfspd; mfyk; rkkhft[k; gyd;fisj; jUk;/
bgWnthk;; n$hjpl th!;J rh!;jpu “hdk;;
 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 5 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp & n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp kpd;d”;ry;: [email protected]

kpf kpf ePz;l brt;tf totpy; ,Ug;gJ cUis

tot kidahFk;
10) brz;il tot kid: xU brt;tfj;jpd; eLg;gFjpapy; ,uz;L g[wKk; fz; nehia jUk;/ nkYk; FHe;ijfs; FUlhf
,uz;L rJu’;fis xl;o itj;jJ nghy; gpwg;gjw;Fk; tha;gg
; [fs; cz;L/
mike;jpUg;gJ brz;il tot kidahFk;/

10) cLf;if tot kid: cLf;if nghd;w totj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;/ kid trpg;gjw;F ey;yjy;y/ ,e;jtif
kidahdJ bgz;fshy; bjhy;iy. g[j;jpu
ghf;fpakpd;ik nghd;w jPa gyd;fisj; jUk;/

11) gpuz;Kf tot kid: rJuk; my;yJ brt;tf totpy; K:d;W gf;fKk; bry;t ,Hg;g[. cwtpdh;fSld; gif nghd;w jPa
mike;jpUe;J xU gf;fk; cl;gw
[ k; Ftpe;jpUg;gJ gyd;fs; jUk;/
gpuz;Kf tot kidahFk;/

13) L tot kid: L totpy; mikag;bgw;wpUf;Fk;/ bry;t ,Hg;g[. cj;nahf ,Hg;g[ nghd;w jPa
gyd;fisj; jUk;

14) Mik tot kid: ePs;tl;lj;jpy; eLtpy; nfhL nghl;lJ nghd;w bjhy;iyfs;. fc&;lk;. jz;lid. rpiwthrk;
mikg;gpy; ,Uf;Fk; kid Mik tot nghd;w jPa gyd;fisj; jUk;/
kidahFk;/

15) thsp tot kid: thsp nghd;w mikg;gpy; ,Uf;Fk;/ VH;ik. bjhG neha; nghd;w jPa gyd;fisj;
jUk;/

16) ghid tot kid: ghid nghd;w totpy; mike;jpUf;Fk;/ bjhGneha; nghd;w jPa gyd;fisj; jUk;/

nfhz tot kidfspd; mikg;g[

gytpjkhd tot mikg;g[fspy; ,Uf;fToa kidfspy; nfhz tot kidfs; trpg;gjw;F Vw;wit my;y vd bjhd;ikahd th!;J
E}y;fs; TWfpd;wd// mit

kidapd; totak; tot mikg;g[ ,e;j tif kidapd; gyd;

1) I’;nfhz kizfs;:

2) mWnfhz kidfs;;:

3) VGnfhz kidfs;;:

4) vz;nfhz kidfs;;:

5) etnfhz kidfs;;:

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl th!;J rh!;jpu “hdk;;

 Mh;/ fUzhfud;. MA, DTA, DPCS 6 jpahfuha efh;. brd;id ? 17/
mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp & n$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp kpd;d”;ry;: [email protected]

kidfspd; totj;ij rPh;jpUj;jk; bra;jy;

rk rJukhd kidfs; kl;Lnk mjpy; mikf;fg;gLk; tPl;oy; trpg;gth;fSf;F ew;gyid jUk; vd;Wk;. totikg;gpy; tpj;jpahrk; ,Uf;Fk;
kidfs; ew;gyidj; jUtjpy;iy vd;Wk; Twg;gLfpwJ/ nfhz tot kidfs; jPh;jpUj;jk; bra;J fl;llk; mikf;fyhk; vd;Wk;
Twg;gLfpwJ/

tpyf;fj;jf;f kid rPh;jpUj;jk; bra;j kid

nkw;fz;lthW rPh;jpUj;jk; bra;j gpwF fl;llk; fl;lyhk;/

Koa[iu
fl;llk; fl;lf;Toa kidapd; tot’;fs; trpf;fj;jf;fit. tpyf;fj;jf;fit nghd;wtw;iwa[k;. kidapd; totj;ij rPh;jpUj;Jk;
Kiwfisa[k; ,g;gFjpapd; thapyhf bjhpe;Jbfhz;Lnlhk;;/
thH;f ,e;jpa n$hjplk;
thH;f th!;J rh!;jpuk;!
tzf;fj;Jld;.

R. fUzhfud;
mwptpay; n$hjpl khkzp &
$hjpc& rpnuhd;kzp/

tpdhf;fs;
 fl;llk; fl;l Vw;w kidfspd; tot’;fis TWf
 fl;llk; fl;l tpyf;fj;jf;f kidfspd; tot’;fis TWf
 kidfis rPh;jpUj;jk; bra;a[k; Kiwfis TWf

ghh;it E}y;fs;
K.S. Rg;gpukzpa rh!;jphpfs;. ka kjk;. ruRtjp k\hy; E}yfk;. j”;rht{h;
ciu: S. fpUc&;zK:h;j;jp rh!;jphpfs;. th!;J tpj;ij. ruRtjp k\hy; E}yfk;. j”;rht{h;
nfhtpe;jrhkp bul;oahh;. fhf;ifah; rpw;gk;. rz;Kfhde;jh g[f; og;ngh. brd;id
mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; MA ghl g[j;jfk;
bghl;o _ uhKY bjY’;F gy;fiyf;fHfj;jpd; M.A. ghl g[j;jfk;
R.G. uht. D.N. fpUizah brl;o. th!;J rh!;jpuh. bg’;fS:h;/
kad;. kad; vGjpa kidao rh!;jpuk;. rz;Kfhde;jh g[f; og;ngh. brd;id/
gy tifahd n$hjpl ,iza js’;fs;

fiyr; brhw;fs;
nrhlr ? gjpdhW

bgWnthk;; n$hjpl th!;J rh!;jpu “hdk;;