Philippine National

Research Center for Teacher Quality

Prototype Syllabi for Pre-service Teacher Education

Compendium Series

Professional Education Courses

 Table of Contents
Acknowledgments.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2
List of Acronyms..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Project Background ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6
Partner Institutions in the Development of the PPST-based Prototype Syllabi ............................................................................................................................
8
PPST-based Prototype Syllabi Priority Programs ...........................................................................................................................................................................10
PPST-based Prototype Syllabi Intended Audience ........................................................................................................................................................................10
Guide to the Prototype Syllabi Compendium ..................................................................................................................................................................................11
Guide to Reading and Understanding the PPST-based Prototype Syllabi..................................................................................................................................13
Features of the Prototype Syllabi ......................................................................................................................................................................................................16
References ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................17
The Beginning Teacher Indicators ....................................................................................................................................................................................................18
The PPST-based Professional Education Courses Prototype Syllabi
.........................................................................................................................................
2. Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching ……………………………………………………………….…………….….…. .20 34
3. The Teaching Profession ………………………………………………………………………….………………….….….. 45
4. Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 ……………………………………………………………………………..……. 54
5. Assessment in Learning 1 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….…... 64
6. Assessment in Learning 2 …………………………………………………………………………….…………….….……. 72
7. The Teacher and the School Curriculum ……………………………………………………………………………….….. 82
8. The Teacher and the Community, School Culture and Organizational Leadership ……………..……………….…….
90
9. Foundation of Inclusive and Special Education …………………………………………………….………………….…..
98
10. Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum ……………………………………………………….
105

© 2019. Teacher Education Council and Research Center for Teacher

Quality

1
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
S
Philippine National Research Center for University of New England - Teacher Education Council Secretariat
Teacher Education Council
Teacher Quality (RCTQ) SiMERR National Research Center (TECS)
The Research Team
John Pegg, PhD Leonor M. Briones Runvi V. Manguerra, PhD
Jennie V. Jocson, PhD Director Secretary, Department of Education Executive Director II
Deputy Director and Project Leader
Joy Hardy, PhD Allan B. De Guzman, PhD Donnabel B. Bihasa
Ma. Izella D. Lampos Deputy Director Luzon Zonal Representative Senior Education Program Specialist
Senior Research Officer
Ken Vine, PhD Rita May P. Tagalog, PhD Jayson A. Peñafiel
Mariam Jayne M. Agonos Principal Research Adviser Visayas Zonal Representative Education Program Specialist II
Research Officer
RCTQ Support Staff Evelyn G. Chavez, PhD Rosanna Marie B. Balbuena
Academic Staff Mindanao Zonal Representative Administrative Officer II
Dyna Mariel B. Bade
Gina O. Gonong, PhD Gerald P. Santos Lourdes R. Baetiong, PhD Maricel B. Flores
Director Donnadette S. Belza Language Subject Representative Rex Augus M. Fernandez
Part-time Research Officers Administrative Assistants
Allan S. Reyes, PhD Myrna B. Libutaque, PhD
Beverly E. Estocapio
Senior Program Manager Mathematics Subject Representative
Executive Assistant

Philip Jay N. Alcoberes, PhD Pamela L. Lamparas Lorina Y. Calingasan, PhD

Senior Program Manager Executive Officer Social Studies Subject Representative

Emille Christianne B. Magbanua

PPST-based Prototype Syllabi
Nikki Boie B. Pino
Technical Working Group
Sarah Joy T. Alimboyong
Administrative Assistants
Rosario I. Alonzo, PhD
Allen U. Bautista, PhD
Corazon B. Sigua, PhD Ruby Ann G. Gantalao
Twila G. Punsalan, PhD Emil Marco A. Munar
Stella Marie M. Urbiztondo, PhD Administrative Officers - Finance

2
2
Prototype Syllabi Writers
Filipino Social Studies Ateneo de Zamboanga University
Professional Education
Southern Leyte State University Pangasinan State University Fr. Karel S. San Juan, SJ,
Lead Writer for Professional Education PhD
President
Analiza M. Nares, Belinda S. Velasquez, PhD
Courses
PhD
Claire B. Goda, EdD Cheryl C. Mendoza, PhD Fr. Marcos Louis D. Catalan Jr., SJ
Byron B. Go Silk, PhD, Western Mindanao Norlyn L. Borong, PhD Rudjane C. Tunac Vice President for Higher
State University
Education
Leyte Normal University University of the Cordilleras Evelyn G. Chavez,
Bukidnon State University Gilbert C. Galit David Y. Camiwet, Dean, School of
Ann Sheila C. Del Rosario, PhD
PhD Janet P. Espada, PhD PhD Education
Ritchelle B. Alugar Rowena N. Ariaso, EdD Values Education Benguet State University
Rachel Joan T. Toledo, PhD
Benguet State University Dr. Feliciano G. Calora Jr.,
Philippine Normal University-Manila Mathematics President
Celia M. Ilanan, PhD PhD Arnulfo C. Capili, PhD
Ateneo de Zamboanga State University Jingle P. Cuevas, PhD Dr. Kenneth A. Laruan,
Nancy S. Ramores, PhD PhD
Anita R. Tagadiad, PhD Erlyn Honeylette C. Marquez Vice President for Academic Affairs
Evelyn G. Chavez, PhD Saint Louis University - Baguio Dr. Imelda G. Parcasio, EdD
Western Mindanao State University Daisy M. Quisel
Bernardita G. Bacang, Maureen Jane O. Bandoc, Dean, College of Teacher
PhD Marjorie S. Emmanuel, PhD PhD Education
Carmelita B. Caramto, PhD
Early Childhood Education Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan Geraldine S. Wakat, PhD Bicol University
Melpe J. Cavales, PhD Arnulfo M. Mascariñas, PhD
Centro Escolar University
Maria Rita D. Lucas,
Pejie C. Santillan,
PhD
Partner Institution President
PhD Ronald M. Quileste Helen M. Llenaresas, EdD
Rose Aira Mae R. Tayag
Milagros L. Borabo, PhD Administrators Vice President for Academic
Physical Education Affairs
University of Asia and the Pacific Angeles University Foundation Lorna M. Miña, PhD
Angelito Z. Antonio, PhD Angeles University Foundation Joseph Emmanuel L. Angeles, PhD Dean, College of
Jennifer P. Santillan, Education
PhD Jonar T. Martin, President Bukidnon State University
Elementary Education
PhD
Ateneo de Naga University Joel G. Tubera, PhD Archimedes T. David, PhD Oscar B. Cabaňelez,
Philippine Normal University-Manila Vice President for Academic Affairs President
Paolo Jose R. Silang Estela C. Itaas, PhD
Bicol
PhD University SalveLordinio
A. Favila,A.PhD
Vergara, PhD Dean, Elvira
CollegeS. of
Balinas, PhD Vice President for Academic
Education Affairs
Marcia Corazon P. Rico, PhD
Sixto O. Orzales, PhD Science Mercidita
Dean, S. Villamayor,
College of TeacherPhD
Ateneo de Naga University
Education
De La Salle
Voltaire University
C. Mistades, - Manila
PhD Fr. Roberto Exequiel N. Rivera, SJ
President
English Cebu Normal University
Lelani C. Dapat,
Cebu Normal University Vice President for Higher
Arlene L. Tabaquero,
Saint Mary's PhD- Bayombong
University Alfredo C. Fabay, PhD President
Filomena T. Dayagbil,
PhD Education
PhD Gloria Vicky A. Antonio, Maria Luz T. Badiola, MA
RivikaRemedios C. Bacus, PhD
C. Alda, PhD Daisy R. Palompon,
PhD PhD
University of San Jose - Zayda S. Asuncion, PhD Dean, College of Education Vice President for Academic Affairs
Recoletos
Helmae E. Tapanan, EdD Ethel L. Abao, PhD
Ionell Jay R. Terogo Dean, College of Teacher Education

3
Centro Escolar University Philippine Normal University – Manila University of Asia and the Pacific Western Mindanao State
University Ma. Cristina D. Padolina, PhD Ma. Antoinette C. Montealegre, DA Winston Conrad B. Padojinog, DBA Milabel Enriquez-Ho,
RN, EdD President OIC- Office of the President President President
Teresa R. Perez, PhD Rosemarievic V. Diaz, PhD Amado P. Saquido, PhD
Vice President for Academic Vice President for Research, Planning Vice President for Academic Affairs Ma. Carla A. Ochotorena,
Affairs and PhD
Vice President for Academic Affairs
Maria Rita D. Lucas, PhD Quality Assurance Celerino C. Tiongco, EdD
Dean, School of Education-Liberal Arts- Rita B. Ruscoe, PhD Dean, School of Education and Human Nolan S. Iglesia, EdD
Music-Social Work Dean, College of Teacher Development Dean, College of Teacher
Development Education
De La Salle University – Manila Saint Louis University – Baguio University of the Cordilleras
Br. Raymundo B. Suplido FSC, Rev. Fr. Gilbert B. Sales, CICM, PhD Ray Dean D. Salvosa, AB, MPh
President President President Other Partners in Pre-service
Roberto M. Arguelles, PhD Nancy M. Flores Projects
Robert C. Roleda, PhD Vice President for Academic Affairs Executive Vice President
Vice Chancellor for Academics Adamson University
Felina P. Espique, Rhodora A. Ngolob, PhD Central Luzon State University
Raymund C. Sison, PhD PhD Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University
Dean, Br. Andrew Gonzalez Dean, School of Teacher Education and Former OIC- Vice President for Academic Far Eastern University
Liberal Arts Affairs
FSC Negros Oriental State University
College of Education (BAGCED) Palawan State University
Leyte Normal University Saint Mary’s University – Bayombong Ramir Austria, PhD Tarlac Agricultural University
Rev. Fr. Fernold G. Denna, Dean, College of Teacher
Jude A. Duarte, DPA CICM Education
President President TEC and RCTQ also acknowledge all
University of San Jose –
Evelyn B. Aguirre, DA Vice Moises Alexander
President T. Asuncion, PhD
for Academic Rev. Fr. Cristopher C. Maspara, course teachers, deans,
Affairs Recoletos OAR,
Dr. Ma. Teresa B.
Vice President for Academic Affairs Tayaban President administrators and personnel from
Dean, College of
Prof. Lina G. Fabian Humanities Vice President for Academics DepEd teachers, principals/school
Education Dean, School of Teacher Education and Rev. Fr. Leo G. Alaras, OAR
teacher education institutions,
Pangasinan State University Southern Leyte State University Jestoni P. Babia, LPT,
EdD heads, supervisors, superintendents
President President development and validation works.
Dexter R. Buted, DBA and educators who took part in the
Prose Ivy G. Yepes, EdD Dean, College of Education
Former OIC-Office of the Vice President for Academic Fr. Roberto C. Yap, SJ Education Sector Transformation
Paulo V. Cenas, EdD
President Affairs
Juanita M. Costillas, PhD Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan We also acknowledge the Basic
Vice President for Academic Dean, College of Teacher President activities that supported the project.
Manolito
Affairs C. Manuel, EdD Education
Frederick C. Aniga, PhD (BEST) program for funding
Vice President of Higher
Dean, College of Education
Education
Fr. Rene Tacastacas,
(Bayambang)
Roy C. Ferrer, PhD
Dean, School of
Dean, College of Education
Education
Jovelyn G Delosa,
(Lingayen)
SJ Rosario DL. Valencerina EdD

PhD
4
 List of Acronyms
BTI beginning teacher indicator
CLO Course learning outcome
CMO CHED Memorandum Order
COD Center of Development
COE Center of Excellence
ILO Intended learning outcome
IM Instructional material
OBE Outcome-based Education
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PPST Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers
PSG Policies, Standards and Guidelines
PST pre-service teacher
TEI teacher education institution
TLA teaching and learning activity
TOS table of specifications

5
45
 Development of PPST-based Prototype Syllabi on Priority Programs in Pre-Service Teacher Education
PROJECT BACKGROUND
Rationale
This compendium is one of ten in the series of Prototype Syllabi on Priority Programs in "Teacher
Pre-service Teacher Education developed through the Philippine National Research qualifications,
Center for Teacher Quality (RCTQ), with the Teacher Education Council (TEC) as lead, in
teacher's
partnership with select Centers of Excellence and Centers of Development in Teacher
Education. The Development of PPST-based Prototype Syllabi on Priority Programs in Pre-
knowledge and
Service Teacher Education Project aims to further align current teacher education curricula skills, make more
with the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST) to ensure that the future difference for
educators are geared student learning
than any other
The PPST-based prototype syllabi aim to provide a benchmark that TEIs can adopt or adapt single factor."
to enhance their curricula. This promotes shared understanding and expections of quality (Darling-Hammond, 2011)
pre- service training throughout the country.

The Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers

(PPST)
The National Adoption and Implementation of the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST) (DepEd Order
No.
42, S. 2017) sets clear expectations of teachers along well-defined career stages. In adopting it, DepEd integrates PPST
in all its professional development programs, learning and delivery systems, and HR systems. The DepEd adoption and
integration of the PPST necessitate that Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) align their curricula with what the
department needs. The new CHED-issued PSGs on teacher education (2017) are based on PPST to ensure that every
graduate of pre- service teacher education programs can cope with the demands of DepEd. The development of

6
6
Linking Theory to Practice
The developed prototype syllabi do not only respond to the curricular requirements of the PPST and CHED's PSGs. A
key feature of the syllabi is the inclusion of activities that give opportunities for pre-service teachers to put their learnings
into practice. This supports international studies on linking theory to practice. According to Darling-Hammond (George
Lucas Educational Foundation, 2001):

"It's hard to learn theoretical ideas in isolation, try to remember them for two years until you get to
student
teaching, and then all of sudden be put in a situation where you're supposed to implement
something you've never seen in practice. That doesn't work. That's the old model of teacher education."
The prototype syllabi were anchored on the core principles of the Pre-service Teachers' Practice-based Training
(PSTePT) framework, developed by RCTQ, with TEC as lead, and select COEs and CODs in teacher education. In this
framework, practice-based teacher education training is described as experiential, developmental, formative, integrative
and system-based. It is an attempt to integrate practicum into the course work of pre-service teachers starting from
their professional education courses, by recommending the inclusion of experiential activities in the field like
observations,

Partnerships Towards Quality Pre-service Teacher

Education
RCTQ and TEC partnered with select teacher education institutions on the development of 10 compendiums of prototype
syllabi. Two to three TEIs collaboratively worked on one compendium/priority program. Three to four writers per institution
were sent to attend a series of writeshops, reviews and validation to finalize the outputs.

7
7
 Partner institutions in the development of the PPST-based Prototype Syllabi

CORDILLERA
ADMINISTRATIVE REGION I
REGION Pangasinan State
Benguet State University of the Saint Louis
University University
Cordilleras University

Values Education Social Studi es Values Social Studies

Education

REGION II REGION III

Saint Mary's Angeles University

University Foundation
Science Physical Education

REGION V

Ateneo De Naga Bicol University

University
8
Elementary Education Elementary Education 8
 REGION VIII

Leyte Normal Southern Leyte

University State University
Filipino Filipino

REGION VII

Jose-Recoletos
University of San
University
Cebu Normal
REGION IX
@ ..

Ateneo De Zamboanga Western Mindanao

University State University

English English Mathematics Professional Education

REGION X

Bukidnon State Xavier

University University
Professional Education Mathematics

NATIONAL
CAPITAL Centro Escolar De La Salle Philippine Normal University of Asia
REGION
University University - Manila University and the Pacific 9
Early Childhood Education Professional cation
Physical EduEducation Early Childhood Education 9
Science
 PPST-BASED PROTOTYPE SYLLABI PRIORITY PROGRAMS

The priority programs were selected based on various consultations. The prototype syllabi are on the following
programs:

• Early Childhood Education • Physical Education

• Elementary Education • Science
• English • Social Studies
• Filipino • Values Education
• Mathematics

PPST-BASED PROTOTYPE SYLLABI INTENDED AUDIENCE

The developed prototype syllabi are intended to assist all TEIs in
the country. Specifically, they were developed to assist
community colleges, colleges in remote areas, and other teacher
education institutions to have further guidance in enhancing
their teacher education curriculum.

Through established partnerships with COEs and CODs in

teacher
Education Council, the continuity of the usability and impact of the Community Colleges •i!i•
education across the country and the guidance of the Teacher ~

the PPST-based prototype syllabi is ensured.

in Small Communities CnC
••Iettna c Community Colleges
- in Small Communities

TEis in Remote Areas fi'@ • =

fed . i•

10
 THE PROTOTYPE SYLLABI DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

The development followed three key

phases:

Activities
Select partner
•• Develop the keyinstitutions
features ofand
thesyllabi writers
prototype syllabi
• Benchmark the syllabi template
Planning
• Map the pre-service teacher education curriculum to the K to 12 curriculum

Activities
enhancement
• Review of the Beginning Teacher Indicators of PPST
Reviewthe
• • Review andCurriculum
validation Quality
of interim outputs
Audit (though
(CQA) thefor
Process TWG, the
curriculum
Upskilling the writing
Writers • Writeshops

group and other specialists)

Review and Convention
Activities
Review of
•• Review and validation
interim withduring
outputs various
the 2018 Teacher Education Council
stakeholders

Validation of • Review of alignment to the PPST through CQA process

Outputs - December 6, 2018 - Review of interim outputs during the Teacher

Education Council Convention with representatives from COEs and CODs
- December-February 2018 – Review of the Technical Working group11
- January-February 2019 – Reviews from Partner Institutions
- January 30-February 1 – Review from Non-Partner Institutions
- February 13-16, 2019 – Curriculum Quality Audit review
 GUIDE TO THE PROTOTYPE SYLLABI COMPENDIUM
This compendium is one of 10 in the PPST-based Prototype Syllabi in Pre-service Teacher Education Compendium
Series:
Compendium 1: Professional Education Courses
Compendium 2: Early Childhood Education Specialization
Courses Compendium 3: Elementary Education Specialization
Courses Compendium 4: English Specialization Courses
Compendium 5: Filipino Specialization Courses
Compendium 6: Mathematics Specialization Courses
Compendium 7: Physical Education Specialization
Courses Compendium 8: Science Specialization Courses
Compendium 9: Social Studies Specialization Courses
Compendium 10: Values Education Specialization Courses

Each compendium contains prototype syllabi that Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) could either adapt or adopt. Parts of t
he
prototype syllabi template were benchmarked from local and international sources and were agreed upon by the Technical
Working

12
12
 GUIDE TO READING AND
UNDERSTANDING THE PPST-BASED
PROTOTYPE SYLLABI
Each prototype syllabi contains the common parts like:

• Institutional Logo and other information -

• Vision, Mission and College Goals

-~- -. ·-, ·. .. _
- -·
- · ·---
~-
• Class Information/Schedule
• Instructor's Information n-

• Course Information
·..-... - ·-...·.
,

.- - -.............
,- - - ~--
.,.,..
.... ..-..

~- """-
_ _ ....
. ~
These parts were intentionally left blank and will be up to
...........................
;.; . ...... ..: ....... ...
. ._._. ......... . . ....,.,,.,..... ......,.. .~~.,. . ,...~ ....

" " - " '-

..,
.,.,, .........,.,..
the µ~ ""~ ~ ..................
............ ~ ...... . . .. ..,.. .~
ULULUL

teacher education institution, college of education and/or the

,,...,.~ ....
......._ ...............
UI

"A"-.".,",;-f! """"-
faculty handling the course to fill in. Il l .
.
P l .w .... ..., ...
l-,.~lfl'#fl"'#1't.0.,...,,-,,_,.,._.,..
,,,,.~ ..... Nic ..... MCll~ ............ 111.Ul

.
......_.. .. .. ........ _,...... . . ..._.,,........ ........ •U

. , __....
... .. .. . . . ~

............ ~,,,
................. _ _ .....
...
.. . . .. ....,...,. ..... . .,...... . . . . .... ....,..................... UJ
UJ

.......,.. . .. ., 13

•
Pl ........ ~ ......... -~ ......................... ,,,,,......... .., ...........
... . 1.:.. :.,.~~
i~ ii:::::t ..:..:'*"~~~1::::::::::t1~""".a~'""'iiiii::::::1t:i:i;,~a;:ii:iiiii;:iiiiiiiiiiiiii:iiiC:::::::1
,.,.......,.."""
The remaining parts have been filled in by the technical working group, research team and writers. They are designed to be
adopted
or to serve as a benchmark and model that may be adapted by teacher education institutions, colleges of education and/or the
faculty handling the course.
C""'1elnfonnollon
COU<seName I "'-t In,........,, 1 I COU<se Code I Course
I COU<W Credit
Pre4.,.li<itec;,"*"'
COU<se """'•rem«tl<I
I I Description
r"""""'Sv<tem The course descriptions are enhanced versions of the
Course Description BTlsCOl*ed
course descriptions in the Policies, Standards and
This is a course that focuses on the princip!H. cll!WIOpfMnt and ublizallon of COtWMtlonal assessmeflt tools to Improve the 1 u.s.u
Guidelines (PSGs). Enhancements include additional inputs
tMChong INrning process. It emphasizes on tlw use of assessment of,as. and for !Mmong on mMSUflng ~.compr~.comprehension
and other thinking slcilts In tlw cogn1tive, psychomotor or afffdiv. domllons. It allows studeflts to go tlvough tlw standa<d steps
53.1 and/or elaboration using the language of the PPST to
In the test constructlOl'I and deWlopmtn~ and the appllClltlOl'I of gradlng system on ord« to pro.kit timely. accurate. and
constl\lCIM fHdbKk to Improve lfffflff's perfoonanc:e Trends and issues related to assessment Wiii also be addtessed
clarify the intent of the course and make the alignment to
the PPST more explicit.
Course Out- Bllseow<td Course Learning
At the end of the cOU<se. the pre ~ .. t~s can; 111.12.1 Outcomes
I 11 demonstrate undetstandong of tlw basic concepts and pnncipk!s of assessnwnt based on rtunt dewlopnwnts and
r~ch and how they Ole applled In t-"'ng and l..aming 5.1.1 The course outcomes use the language of the standards
121 demonstrate~ in desigrong. deYeloplng. selecting and US1f19 appropnote diagnostic. founatM and
summatlw assessment strategies in line with K to 12 s~ds. guidelines and rtqu•tments; 5.5.1 to make alignment to the standards more explicit. The
131 demonstrate undetstand•ng the role of assessment in molang instruchon~ decisions; 5.3.1
l•I demonstrate~ of prOYidong hmely. acC\lfate and constl\lCIM fHdback to ""PfOV<' lfffflf< ptffonnance;and SA 1 course outcomes are constructively aligned with the
151 c!NnomtfAlt famollOlity With strategies for comnu>ic4tong studeflts· IHfnlng netds. progress and ~t to key
St4keholclefs. course description, content and assessment.

Beginning Teacher Indicator (BTI) coverage

The column for Beginning Teacher Indicators (BTIs) is a new feature in pre-service teacher education syllabi. It shows which BTIs
are
addressed/covered by a course. It also shows where BTIs are covered, specifically in the description, course learning outcomes,
content and assessment. Mapping course components to BTIs promotes constructive alignment, that is the intentional alignment of
course content, assessment and feedback to achieve course learning outcomes (Biggs, 2003; Biggs & Tang, 2011). Examining
alignment of outcomes, content and assessment supports constructive alignment in outcomes-based pre-service teacher
education.

14
14
Time Allotment
- .. lntm>dod 1.-ning Outa>mm OLD<)

WHkl·2 "1.. the~ of the unit. the pre-service

~
a.os
Unit
Cotw.nt
1-lmic Concopll
~Teodling 1..-ning
AclMtios s._...i-
~
ClOI

or-
t•od><f(PST) can:
The Time Allotment column indicates oxpl01n tho basic concopts relatod LU(l) A. Do&mons of (]<Id ond Fditai.ddiscustKlnusing .si.mm.ewq<m. 1.1.1(1)
-i.--.
the recommended duration to cover 10 child and -•n•
devolopmenc;•nd L DefiNIJOnSfrom UNESCO.
compll'Ollw study. A
comparaliW diSC\lssionof the
11.1 (2)

the content. b. txpl111n how current rHe¥ch ind L2 I (2)

UNlCU and WHO definition and
dliracloristicsof child and
Int '-nltig log
joum.t
U.1(1)
ll.l (2)
lheories on chold ind idolescent idolescent leamen c0tn4ng
from Y1rious soorces or
deYflopment con1ribute 10
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) leaching and leaming within and .. ~ ond Dowlopnwot
NollnetNurlLn?
Advonc:ed'91ding/-0.. Topta
on growih and developmenl may
~The PST, lnc!Mduallyet in LU Ill
across different uHs sman groups. wo1 vp/Mn!ht
be gl\len in advance 10 PSTs in bis.cconcepts rNted to ct.kt and
C.~ot~
The ILOs column presents outcomes smaU groups 10 p<epa<e lhtm fet
dtbalt and f\Kther doscusslon~
adoltsctnl learMR' dewlopment
and growth UMft9 1ext and
D. Dowiopo•ltllT-ond
which are specific to the content EOIQtlon~
graplloc presenmion et
inlographic. The output wol be
covered. It presents what pre-service E. Domlb of Dowlopnw!t Explidtlrnuction. Tht>shall
presented in dass et exhobned in a
gantry
teachers should be able to know or do l 8""ogl<ll irwotve modelling,guiMd
learner practice and independen1
Dobola.Debale may also be used
tc essess PSTs·u~~ of
1.1.1(11
2. C09'"-
after covering the topics. 3. Soao-emollOnll le•mer pr..ctke. Current research
shall be used 10 highlight key
the ·Nture or nurture· rssuebawd
on thew research. Grouptngs Wiii
F. ~ ond Dowlopnw!t concepts, be pre-<let.,,,..ned to guode PSTs on
~th emphasis on the int~ration thew reseltd\. Premium ... 1 be
The ILOs are learner-centered rather G.Dowlopnw!t ond "*logogy: of tMorysearchstrategJH
jour~ wi•
into practiceO. nt1ne gi-. on tho )UStlfiulJOnS •nd
dor1ly of pconts
~ond- also bt introduced to promote
than content-centered. They provide l Theories ond hypolheses
2. Mothodology
PSTs' ac:Mtemic hterM.Y.
Ul(2J
guidance on the focus and intent of 3 lnltgrltlng thoory ond
ptacllU
Llbrwy~ - This
inYolYes tho systemotlc gothonng of
inforrn1uon 1n Otdtf to wnte a
the papt<, c.. alt a P'Htn .. bon. "'
complele a prOJKt.As used 1n
content to be covered. lh<s context. pre-seMct 1eachen
shall galhof meaKh
Content informallOnon
odenlJfled lopes from journal~ The
--•••-shall""'~ on

The Content column outlines topics to

be covered. Suggested Teaching Suggested
Mapping to the CLOs Learning Assessment
Activities (TLAs) The Suggested Assessment column
Aside from the BTI coverage, the The Suggested TLAs column indicates indicates recommended formative or
prototype syllabi also map ILOs recommended activities to deliver the summative activities to measure the
and the Suggested Assessment to content and help facilitate the pre- achievement of the ILOs and/or mastery of
the corresponsing CLO/s, to ensure service teachers’ achievement of the the content covered.
constructive alignment. ILOs.
Example:1.1.1 [2]

15
14
15
 FEATURES OF THE PROTOTYPE SYLLABI

OTHER REQUIREMENTS

Outcome-based Education

Philippine Qualifications Framework

ASEAN Qualifications Reference

Framework

PROTOTYPE SYLLABI

• Outcome-based
• PPST-aligned
• 21st Century
Learning grounded
• PQF- and AQF-
compliant

COMPETENCIES

Beginning Teacher Indicators from the

Philippine Professional Standards for CONTENT KNOWLEDGE
Teachers
K to 12 Curricula
Program Outcomes and Performance
Indicators from the CHED Policies,
Standards and Guidelines on Teacher
Education Programs
16
16
 REFERENCES
Commission on Higher Education. (2017). CMO No. 74, s. 2017: Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Bachelor in Elementary Education
(BEed). Commission on Higher Education. (2017). CMO No. 75, s. 2017: Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Bachelor in Secondary
Education (BSEd). Commission on Higher Education. (2017). CMO No. 76, s. 2017: Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Bachelor in Early
Childhood Education
(BECEd).
Commission on Higher Education. (2017). CMO No. 80, s. 2017: Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Bachelor in Physical Education
(BPEd).

Department of Education. (2017). Philippine Professional Standards for

Teachers.

George Lucas Educational Foundation. (2001). Linda Darling-Hammond: Thoughts on Teacher

Preparation.
https://www.edutopia.org/linda-darling-hammond-teacher-preparation

George Lucas Educational Foundation. (2007).What it Means to be a Skillful Teacher: Experts Share Their
Thoughts. https://www.edutopia.org/what-it-means-be-skillful-teacher

Readings on constructive alignment:

Biggs, J. (2003). Aligning Teaching and Assessment to Curriculum Objectives. Imaginative Curriculum Project, LTSN Generic
Centre.
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Aligning%20Teaching%20and%20Assessment%20to%20Curriculum%20Objectives%22

Biggs, J. and Tang, C. (2011). Teaching for quality learning at university. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill and Open University
Press.
 THE BEGINNING TEACHER INDICATORS
Domain 1: Content Knowledge Domain 2: Learning Environment Domain 3: Diversity of Learners
and Pedagogy
1.1.1 Demonstrate content knowledge and its 2.1.1 Demonstrate knowledge of policies, guidelines 3.1.1 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of
application within and/or across curriculum and procedures that provide safe and secure differentiated teaching to suit the learners’ gender,
teaching areas. learning environments. needs, strengths, interests and experiences.

1.2.1 Demonstrate an understanding of research-based 2.2.1 Demonstrate understanding of learning 3.2.1 Implement teaching strategies that are responsive
knowledge and principles of teaching and environments that promote fairness, respect and to the learners’ linguistic, cultural, socio-economic
learning. care to encourage learning. and religious backgrounds.

1.3.1 Show skills in the positive use of ICT to facilitate 2.3.1 Demonstrate knowledge of managing classroom 3.3.1 Use strategies responsive to learners with
the teaching and learning process. structure that engages learners, individually or in disabilities, giftedness and talents.
groups, in meaningful exploration, discovery and
hands-on activities within the available physical
learning environments
1.4.1 Demonstrate knowledge of teaching strategies 2.4.1 Demonstrate understanding of supportive learning 3.4.1 Demonstrate understanding of the special
that promote literacy and numeracy skills. environments that nurture and inspire learner educational needs of learners in difficult
participation. circumstances, including: geographic isolation;
chronic illness; displacement due to armed
conflict, urban resettlement or disasters; child
abuse and child labor practices.
1.5.1 Apply teaching strategies that develop critical and 2.5.1 Demonstrate knowledge of learning environments 3.5.1 Demonstrate knowledge of teaching strategies
creative thinking, and/or other higher-order that motivate learners to work productively by that are inclusive of learners from indigenous
thinking skills. assuming responsibility for their own learning. groups.

1.6.1 Use Mother Tongue, Filipino and English to 2.6.1 Demonstrate knowledge of positive and non-
facilitate teaching and learning. violent discipline in the management of learner
behavior.

1.7.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the range of

verbal and non-verbal classroom communication
strategies that support learner understanding,
participation, engagement and achievement.

18
 Domain 4: Curriculum and Domain 5: Assessment and Domain 6: Community Linkages Domain 7: Personal Growth and
Planning Reporting and Professional Engagement Professional Development
4.1.1 Prepare developmentally 5.1.1 Demonstrate knowledge of the 6.1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of 7.1.1 Articulate a personal philosophy of
sequenced teaching and learning design, selection, organization and knowledge of learning environments teaching that is learner-centered.
processes to meet curriculum use of diagnostic, formative and that are responsive to community
requirements. summative assessment strategies contexts.
consistent with curriculum
requirements.

4.2.1 Identify learning outcomes that are 5.2.1 Demonstrate knowledge of 6.2.1 Seek advice concerning strategies 7.2.1 Demonstrate behaviors that uphold
aligned with learning competencies. monitoring and evaluation of learner that build relationships with the dignity of teaching as a
progress and achievement using parents/guardians and the wider profession by exhibiting qualities
learner attainment data. community. such as caring attitude, respect and
integrity.
4.3.1 Demonstrate knowledge in the 5.3.1 Demonstrate knowledge of 6.3.1 Demonstrate awareness of existing 7.3.1 Seek opportunities to establish
implementation of relevant and providing timely, accurate and laws and regulations that apply to professional links with colleagues.
responsive learning programs. constructive feedback to improve the teaching profession, and
learner performance. become familiar with the
responsibilities specified in the
Code of Ethics for Professional
Teachers.

4.4.1 Seek advice concerning strategies 5.4.1 Demonstrate familiarity with a range 6.4.1 Demonstrate knowledge and 7.4.1 Demonstrate an understanding of
that can enrich teaching practice. of strategies for communicating understanding of school policies how professional reflection and
learner needs, progress and and procedures to foster learning can be used to improve
achievement. harmonious relationships with the practice.
wider school community.

4.5.1 Show skills in the selection, 5.5.1 Demonstrate an understanding of 7.5.1 Demonstrate motivation to realize
development and use of a variety of the role of assessment data as professional development goals
teaching and learning resources, feedback in teaching and learning based on the Philippine
including ICT, to address learning practices and programs. Professional Standards for
goals. Teachers.

19
THE PPST-BASED PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
COURSES
PROTOTYPE SYLLABI
Document Bases:
CMO No. 74, s. 2017: Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Bachelor of Elementary Education
(BEEd) CMO No. 75, s. 2017: Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Bachelor of Secondary Education
(BSEd)
CMO No. 76, s. 2017: Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Bachelor of Early Childhood Education
(BECEd) CMO No. 80, s. 2017: Policies, Standards, and Guidelines for Bachelor of Physical Education
(BPEd)
K to 12 Curriculum Guide English (Grade 1 to Grade 10) [May 2016], K to 12 Gabay Pangkurikulum Filipino (Baitang 1 - 10) [May 2016],
K to 12 Curriculum Guide Mathematics (Grade 1 to Grade 10) [May 2016], K to 12 Curriculum Guide Science (G rade 3 to Grade 10) [May
2016] K to 12 Gabay Pangkurikulum Araling Panlipunan (Baitang 1 - 10) [May 2016], 2017

Total Number of Available Specialization Total Number of Available Elective Course

Specialization Courses Course Outputs Elective Courses Outputs
13 10 N/A N/A
Lead Writers:

Secondary Writers/ Reviewers:

•
Xavier Univcr ity

20
 The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles

Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised

Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted

Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes:
(This course covers the following minimum standards for Teacher Education programs as stipulated in the PSGs)
6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline
6.2.f. Demonstrate a variety of thinking skills in planning, monitoring, assessing, and reporting learning processes and outcomes
Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's
Name
Schedule Office
Designation
Time Office Hours

Venue Office
Telephone
Term E-mail Address

21
 Course Information
Course Name The Child and Adolescent Learners and Course Code
Learning Principles
Pre-requisite Subject Course Credit 3 units, 3 hrs./wk. (18 weeks, 54 hrs. total)
Course Requirements
• Major Exams
• Summative quizzes
• Per unit outputs as specified in the assessment
• End of course learning log (reflective journal) and portfolio (compilation of outputs) on the different learning theories and research with reflections on
their applications and implications to teaching child and adolescent learners.
Grading System

Course Description BTIs covered

This course focuses on child and adolescent development with emphasis on current research and theories on biological, linguistic, cognitive,
social and emotional dimensions of development. Further, this includes factors that affect the progress of development of the learners and 1.1.1; 1.2.1, 2.2.1,
appropriate pedagogical principles applicable for each developmental level of the learners. The course also addresses laws, policies, guidelines 2.6.1, 3.1.1, 6.3.1
and procedures that provide safe and secure learning environments, and the use of positive and non-violent discipline in the management of
learner behavior.
Course Learning Outcomes BTIs covered

At the end of the course, the pre-service teachers can:

[1] demonstrate content knowledge and its application within and /or across curriculum teaching areas; 1.1.1
[2] demonstrate an understanding of the different research-based theories related to the broad dimensions of child and adolescent 1.2.1
development and their application to each particular developmental level of the learners;
[3] demonstrate understanding of pedagogical principles suited to diverse learners’ needs and experiences at different developmental levels; 3.1.1
[4] demonstrate knowledge of laws, policies, guidelines and procedures that provide safe and secure learning environments; and 6.3.1, 2.1.1
[5] demonstrate knowledge of positive and non-violent discipline in the management of learner behavior. 2.6.1

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 22

 Time Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) BTIs/ Suggested Teaching Learning BTIs/
Content Suggested Assessment
Allotment CLOs Activities CLOs
Week 1-2 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 1 – Basic Concepts
teacher (PST) can:

a. explain the basic concepts related 1.1.1 [1] A. Definitions of Child and Facilitated discussion using Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
to child and adolescent Adolescent Learners comparative study. A comparative 1.2.1 [2]
development; and 1. Definitions from UNESCO, discussion of the definition and
UNICEF and WHO characteristics of child and Unit learning log or
1.1.1 [1]
reflective journal.
b. explain how current research and 1.2.1 [2] adolescent learners coming from 1.2.1 [2]
theories on child and adolescent various sources or authorities.
development contribute to
teaching and learning within and B. Growth and Development: Advanced reading/research. Infographic. The PST, individually 1.1.1 [1]
across different areas. Nature or Nurture? Topics on growth and or in small groups, will explain the
development may be given in basic concepts related to child and
C. Periods of Development advance to PSTs in small groups to adolescent learners’ development
prepare them for debate and and growth using text and graphic
D. Developmental Tasks and further discussions.
Education (Havighurst) presentation or infographic. The
output will be presented in class or
exhibited in a gallery.
E. Domains of Development
Explicit Instruction. This shall Debate. Debate may also be used 1.1.1 [1]
1. Biological
involve modelling, guided learner to assess PSTs’ understanding of
2. Cognitive
practice and independent learner the “nature or nurture” issue based
3. Socio-emotional
practice. Current research shall be on their research. Groupings will be
F. Context and Development used to highlight key concepts, pre-determined to guide PSTs in
with emphasis on the integration their research. Premium will be
G. Development and Pedagogy: of theory into practice. Online given on the justifications and
Theory and Research journal search strategies will also clarity of points.
1. Theories and hypotheses be introduced to promote PSTs’
2. Methodology academic literacy. Library/Online research. This 1.2.1 [2]
3. Integrating theory and involves the systematic gathering of
practice information in order to write a
paper, create a presentation, or
complete a project. As used in this
context, pre-service teachers shall
gather research information on
identified topics from journals. The
preservice teachers shall focus on
the research Problem, Theories,
Methodology, Findings and

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 23

 Discussion of Results. Insights,
reflections and discussions
regarding integrating theory into
teaching and learning based on
research knowledge shall be given
emphasis.
Output: Matrix or poster of the
research material.
Week 3-5 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 2 – Biological Development
teacher (PST) can:

a. discuss the concepts and theories 1.1.1 [1] A. Biological Beginnings Interactive instruction and Concept Maps. PSTs, in small 1.1.1 [1]
related to the biological/physical facilitated discussion. A historical groups, illustrate the mental
development of children and B. Physical and Motor overview on biological connections they make between 1.2.1 [2]
adolescents; and Development development of children and major concepts or other concepts
adolescents may introduced. they have learned about a topic.
b. make connections, using C. Neuroscience and Brain Timelines focusing on major
1.2.1 [2] Other organizers may be used
development contributors/contributions to the whenever appropriate.
knowledge on current research 3.1.1 [3]
literature, between biological field of biological psychology will Output: The concept map will be
D. Factors Affecting Biological/
development theories and be useful in the discussion of the presented and used to discuss
Physical Development
developmentally appropriate concepts and theories. research-based
the concepts and
teaching approaches suited to Video clips and multimedia theories related to the
E. Theories
learners’ gender, needs, strengths, 1. Developmental Milestones presentations may be used to biological/physical development of
interests and experiences. supplement the discussion of children and adolescents.
(Gesell)
concepts on biological Assessment shall be based on detail
2. Ecological Systems Theory
development. of content, relationship of concepts,
(Bronfenbrenner)
discussion and presentation.
F. Current Research and 1.1.1 [1]
Pedagogical Applications Library/Online research. This Simulations. This presents cases,
involves the systematic gathering problems, scenarios, etc. in which
of information in order to write a the students must role play. A
paper, create a presentation, or critical situation is discussed and
complete a project. As used in this analyzed, and decisions are made
context, preservice teachers shall about how to resolve the situation
gather research information on using knowledge derived from
identified topics from journals. The library or online research. A
preservice teachers shall focus on problem solving organizer (refer to
the research Problem, Theories, Annex B) may be used to aid in the
Methodology, Findings and decision making.
Discussion of Results, as well as, 1.1.1 [1]
applications and implications of 3.1.1 [3]

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 24

 biological development theories to Poster presentations. Poster
teaching child and adolescent presentations may be an alternative
learners. to simulations. Knowledge and
information derived from
library/online research may be
presented explaining the
connections of biological
development theories to teaching
approaches suited to learners’
gender, needs, strengths, interests
and experiences. An alternative to
poster presentation is the Research
Literature Matrix (refer to Annex C).
Week 6-9 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 3 – Cognitive Development
teacher (PST) can:

a. discuss the concepts and theories 1.1.1 [1] A. Cognitive Development Interactive instruction and Concept Maps. PSTs, in small 1.1.1 [1]
related to the cognitive Theories facilitated discussion. A historical groups, illustrate the mental
development of children and 1. Piaget overview on cognitive connections they make between 1.2.1 [2]
adolescents; and 2. Vygotsky development of children and major concepts or other concepts
adolescents may introduced. they have learned or researched on
b. make connections, using 1.2.1 [2] B. Intelligence and Individual Timelines focusing on major about a topic. Other organizers may
knowledge on current research 3.1.1 [3] Differences contributors/contributions to the be used whenever appropriate.
literature, between cognitive 1. Concept of Intelligence field of cognitive psychology will Output: The concept map will be
development theories and (Binet) be useful in the discussion of the presented and used to discuss the
developmentally appropriate 2. General Intelligence concepts and theories. concepts and theories related to
teaching approaches suited to (Spearman) Video clips and multimedia the cognitive development of
learners' gender, needs, strengths, 3. Primary Mental Abilities presentations may be used to children and adolescents.
interests and experiences. (Thurstone) supplement the discussion of Assessment shall be based on detail
4. Multiple Intelligences concepts on cognitive of content, relationship of concepts,
(Gardner) development. discussion and presentation.
5. Triarchic Theory of
Intelligence (Sternberg)
6. Cognitive Information
Processing Theory
(Atkinson and Shiffrin) Library/Online research. This Simulations. This presents cases,
involves the systematic gathering problems, scenarios, etc. in which 1.1.1 [1]
C. Factors Affecting Cognitive of information in order to write a the students must role play. A
Development paper, create a presentation, or critical situation is discussed and
complete a project. As used in this analyzed, and decisions are made
D. Language Development
context, preservice teachers shall about how to resolve the situation

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 25

 gather research information on using knowledge derived from
E. Factors Affecting Cognitive and identified topics from journals. The library or online research. A
Language Development preservice teachers shall focus on problem solving organizer (refer to
the research Problem, Theories, Annex B) may be used to aid in the
F. Current Research and Methodology, Findings and decision making.
Pedagogical Applications Discussion of Results, as well as,
applications and implications of
cognitive development theories to
teaching child and adolescent
learners. Poster presentations. Poster
presentations may be an alternative
to simulations. Knowledge and 1.1.1 [1]
information derived from 3.1.1 [3]
library/online research may be
presented explaining the
connections of cognitive
development theories to teaching
approaches suited to learners’
gender, needs, strengths, interests
and experiences. An alternative to
poster presentation is the Research
Literature Matrix (refer to Annex C)
Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 4 – Social and Emotional
10-13 teacher (PST) can: Development

a. discuss the concepts and theories 1.1.1 [1] A.Socio-emotional Development Interactive instruction and Concept Maps. PSTs, in small 1.1.1 [1]
related to the socio-emotional B. Development of Self and Social facilitated discussion. A historical groups, illustrate the mental
development of children and Understandings overview on socio-emotional connections they make between
adolescents; 1. Psychoanalytic Theory development of children and major concepts or other concepts
(Freud) adolescents may introduced. they have learned about a topic.
b. make connections, using 1.2.1 [2] 2. Psychosocial Theory Timelines focusing on major Other organizers may be used
knowledge on current research 3.1.1 [3] (Erikson) contributors/ contributions to the whenever appropriate.
literature, between socio- 3. Social Learning Theory field of social psychology will be Output: The concept map will be
emotional development theories (Bandura) useful in the discussion of the presented and used to discuss the
and developmentally appropriate concepts and theories. concepts and theories related to
teaching approaches suited to Video clips and multimedia the socio-emotional development
learners’ gender, needs, strengths, C. Development of presentations may be used to of children and adolescents.
interests and experiences. Motivation and Self- supplement the discussion of Assessment shall be based on detail
Regulation concepts on socio-emotional of content, relationship of concepts,
1. Content Theories
development. discussion and presentation.
- Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow)
- ERG Theory (Alderfer)

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 26

 - Theory of Needs Library/Online research. This
(McClelland) involves the systematic gathering Simulations. This presents cases, 1.2.1 [1]
- Two Factors Theory of information in order to write a problems, scenarios, etc. in which 3.1.1 [3]
(Herzberg) paper, create a presentation, or the students must role play. A
2. Process Theories complete a project. As used in this critical situation is discussed and
- Reinforcement Theory context, preservice teachers shall analyzed, and decisions are made
(Skinner) gather research information on about how to resolve the situation
- Expectancy Theory (Vroom) identified topics from journals. The using knowledge derived library or
- Goal Setting Theory (Locke) preservice teachers shall focus on online research. A problem solving
- Self-determination Theory the research Problem, Theories, organizer (refer to Annex B) may be
(Deci & Ryan) Methodology, Findings and used to aid in the decision making.
Discussion of Results, as well as,
D. Moral Development Theories applications and implications of Poster presentations. Research 1.1.1 [1]
1. Piaget socio-emotional development poster presentations may be an 3.1.1 [3]
2. Kohlberg theories to teaching child and alternative to simulations.
3. Turiel adolescent learners. Knowledge and information derived
4. Gilligan from library/online research may be
presented explaining the
E. Current Research and
connections of socio-emotional
Pedagogical Applications
development theories to teaching
approaches suited to learners’
gender, needs, strengths, interests
and experiences. An alternative to
poster presentation is the Research
Literature Matrix (refer to Annex C)
Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 5 – Behavioral Learning
14-16 teacher (PST) can: Theories and Approaches to
Learning

a. compare and contrast various 1.1.1 [1] A. What is Learning? Think-Pair-Share activity. Pairs Comparative Matrix 1.1.1 [1]
approaches to learning and exchange ideas and insights on PSTs will compare and contrast
describe how they are manifested B. Approaches to Learning “what learning is” and “what “What learning is” and “What
in the classroom; 1.1.1 [1] 1. Behavioral learning is not”. KWHL chart may learning is not”, as well as, the
b. apply behavior analysis in 2. Social cognitive be used to organize class various approaches to learning
teaching child and adolescent 3. Information processing discussion. PSTs will note: What using a Comparative Matrix. In
1.2.1 [2]
learners across curriculum areas; 3.1.1 [3] 4. Cognitive constructivist they Know, what they Want to addition, PSTs will describe actual
c. make connections, using 5. Social constructivist know, How will they know and classroom situations (based on
knowledge on current research what they Learned. experience or observation)
literature, between behavioral C. manifesting the corresponding
learning theories and Connectionism approach to learning. Outputs shall
Interactive instruction and
D. Conditioning
developmentally appropriate facilitated discussion. Timelines
1. Classical

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 27

 teaching approaches suited to 2. Contiguous focusing on major contributors and be presented in class and will be
learners’ gender, needs, strengths, 3. Operant their contributions to the field of rated using a rubric.
interests and experiences. behavioral psychology will be
E. Behavior Analysis in Education useful in the discussion of the
concepts and theories. Video clips
F. Gestalt-Insight Learning and multimedia presentations will
greatly supplement the discussion
G. Experiential Learning Theory of concepts on behaviorism and
other learning theories.

H. Current Research and

Library/Online research. This 1.1.1 [1]
Pedagogical Applications
involves the systematic gathering Interview on Field Experience of 1.2.1 [2]
of information in order to write a Teachers 3.1.1 [3]
paper, create a presentation, or PSTs (individually or in small
complete a project. As used in this groups) will interview at least 2
context, preservice teachers shall teachers of different grade levels.
gather research information on PSTs will ask: (1) what are the
identified topics from journals. The challenges, especially behavioral,
preservice teachers shall focus on the teachers usually encountered in
the research the Problem, Theories, teaching, and (2) what course of
Methodology, Findings and action did the teachers take to
Discussion of Results, as well as, overcome these challenges? The
applications and implications of PSTs will then summarize the results
behavioral learning theories to in a matrix, apply behavior analysis
teaching child and adolescent and determine the effectiveness of
learners. the course of action of the teacher
using the learning principles and
related research literature, and
recommend a better course of
action, if any.
Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 7 – Safety and Security in
17-18 teacher (PST) can: the Learning Environment

a. discuss the laws, policies, 2.1.1 [4] A. UN Convention on the Rights Advanced reading/research. Panel discussion. PSTs, in small 2.1.1 [4]
guidelines and procedures 6.3.1 [4] of the Child and PD 603 Topics on laws, policies, and groups, will present a panel 6.3.1 [4]
that protect children’s rights procedures that protect children’s discussion to the class. Panel
B. Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 rights and assure their safety and
and assure their safety and discussions will address laws,
(Republic Act 10627)
security in school; and security in school may be given policies and issues on the rights of
b. explain and draw 2.6.1 [5] ahead to PSTs in small groups to child and adolescent learners as
C. Child Protection Policy
implications of policies and prepare them for panel discussion. well as on their safety and security
procedures on child in school.

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 28

 protection, and D. Positive Discipline
positive/non-violent Seminar/Colloquium with a Written narrative. 2.6.1 [5]
discipline in the resource person from the field. A PSTs will be asked to write a
management of behavior. basic education master teacher, a narrative on their insights from the
school head or a colleague may be panel discussions and the
invited to discuss on laws, policies, colloquium capped with insights on
and procedures that protect the different purposes of
children’s rights and assure their professional reflection.
safety and security in school, as Output: A written narrative with
well as, policies and procedures on discussions on the implications of
child protection, and positive/non- policies and procedures on child
violent discipline in the protection, and positive/non-violent
management of behavior. discipline in the management of
behavior.

List of References

Corpuz, B.B., Lucas, M.R.D., Borabo, H.G.L., & Lucido, P.I. (2018) The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles. Lorimar Publishing, Inc, Quezon City,

Philippines. Corpuz, B.B., Lucas, M.R.D., Borabo, H.G.L., & Lucido, P.I. (2015) Child and Adolescent Development. Lorimar Publishing, Inc, Quezon City, Philippines.

Lucas, Ma. Rita D. & Corpuz, Brenda B. (2014) Facilitating Learning: A metacognitive process. Lorimar Publishing, Inc, Quezon City,

Philippines. Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K. & Wyse, D. (2010) A Guide to Teaching Practice, 5e. Routeledge, 270 Madison Ave., New York,

NY.

Santrock, J.W. (2011) Educational Psychology, 5e. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. New York, NY.

Schunk, Dale H. (2012) Learning Theories: An educational perspective, 6e. Pearson Education, Inc. Boston, MA

Higher Education Commission (2012) Child Development: Faculty Resource. Higher Education Commission, Pakistan.

UN-OHCHR (n.d.) 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child. UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Retrieved
from https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/crc.pdf

Presidential Decree No. 603 (1974) The Child and Youth Welfare Code of the Philippines. Retrieved from https://www.pcw.gov.ph/law/presidential -decree-no-603

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 29

Republic Act No. 7610 (1992) Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act. Available online:
https://www.pcw.gov.ph/ sites/default/files/documents/laws/republic_act_7610.pdf

Department Order No. 40, series of 2012 – Child Protection Policy. Available online: http://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/ DO_s2012_40.pdf

Department of Education (2015) – Positive discipline in everyday teaching: A primer for Filipino teachers. Available online: https://bulacandeped.com/wp-
content/uploads/ 2016/08/POSITIVE- DISCIPLINE-IN-EVERYDAY-TEACHING-A-Primer-for-Filipino-Teachers.pdf

Supplementary readings:

UNHCR (2001) Child and Adolescent Development. UNHCR – Action for the Rights of Children Programme. Retrieved from
https://www.unhcr.org/protection/children/3bb81bad4/action- rights-children-arc-foundations-child-adolescent-development.html

David L (2019), "Summaries of Learning Theories and Models," in Learning Theories. Retrieved from, https://www.learning-

theories.com/ Verywell Mind (2019) Theories of Psychology. Retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/theories-of-psychology-

4157184

Descriptions of Assessment Methods Employed (Sridharan & Mustard, 2015)

Assessment Method Description

Concept map A concept map is a visualization that helps viewers to understand relationships between concepts and build new
knowledge through the connections. Concept maps have been identified as an effective tool for evaluating critical thinking
skills in analyzing, evaluating, reasoning and establishing links between concepts. Example evidence criteria include:
concept visualization, organization of links between concepts, representation of knowledge, evaluation and reasoning, etc.

Infographic An infographic is a collection of images, graphs and tables, etc., with minimal text, that gives an easy-to-understand overview
of a topic. An effective infographic communicates information quickly and clearly (https://venngage.com/blog/what-is-an-
infographic/#1). Example evidence criteria include: accuracy of information, clear presentation of complex information, logical
organization, etc.

Learning Log A learning log requires a student to keep track of their learning process by providing log entries for each learning activity or
session. They could document how a student solved problems, any mistakes or false starts they encountered, highlights of
their learning, how they closed gaps in their knowledge, and strategies or approaches that were useful. Students could be
asked to submit the original version of a log or a refined version of a log for summative assessment.

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 30

Portfolio A portfolio is a collection of self-chosen work that exhibits a student’s effort, progress and achievement. Examples of
evidence criteria include: selection, organization, reflection, alignment, connection with learning outcomes, creativity, and
reflection exhibiting depth, breadth and growth of student’s cognitive and emotional skills.

Problem solving organizer A problem solving organizer can be used to help students develop the problem-solving skills that they need throughout
their lives. Problem solving organizers train PSTs to pose and evaluate possible solutions to problems. See:
https://pt.slideshare.net/hayriyesakarya/organizing-thinking-thr ough-visual-diagrams/14?smtNoRedir=1

Reflective Journal A reflective journal requires students to critically analyze their progress and identify behavioral, attitudinal and/or other
changes that could promote their future development. A reflective journal involves writing regular (weekly or fortnightly)
journal entries. In order to move beyond purely descriptive reflections, pre-service teachers could relate the content of their
entries to the course learning outcomes, the Beginning Teacher Indicators, research literature or other frames of reference.
Examples of evidence criteria for reflective journals include: breadth and/or depth of reflection; critical thinking; focus,
coherence and flow of ideas; etc. Example artefacts could include: research notes, personal comments, quotes, insights,
mistakes, incidences, sketches, photos, etc.

Research Poster A research poster requires students to communicate their research succinctly and effectively using a combination of text,
graphs, tables and other graphic elements. The conceptualization, design and construction of a research poster require
students to demonstrate critical thinking skills in synthesizing their research outcomes, and creative communication skills to
accurately, appropriately and adequately convey research ideas to the target audience. Examples of evidence criteria include:
clarity of purpose: accuracy and clarity of research methods and findings, organization, self-explanatory representation, etc.

Simulations Simulations enable students to encounter and respond to real-world cases, problems, scenarios, etc., in a safe and
controlled environment. A critical situation is discussed and analyzed, and decisions are made about how to resolve the
situation using knowledge derived library or online research or concepts and principles discussed. Simulations may also
involve role play, computer modelling or virtual reality, etc.

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 31

 Annex B – Problem Solving Organizer

Description:
This problem solving organizer can be used to help students
develop the problem-solving skills that they need throughout
their lives. With this organizer students are trained to pose and
evaluate possible solutions to problems.

Procedures:
1. Students identify a problem and write in the ‘problem’ box.
2. Students need to think about what specially makes this a
problem.
3. Students list all possible solutions, and the pros and cons of
each of them, in the appropriate box and choose the one they
think is the best.
4. Students need to consider all possible consequences of the
selected solution.
5. Students then write a persuasive paragraph arguing how the
selected one could be modified to make it the best solution.

Source: https://pt.slideshare.net/hayriyesakarya/organizing-
thinking-through-visual-diagrams/14?smtNoRedir=1

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 32

 Annex C – Research Literature Matrix

Description: The Problem Methodology

This involves the systematic gathering of information from a
research article in order to write a paper, create a presentation, or
complete a project. Pre-service teachers shall gather information
on the selected article from research journals. The pre-service
teachers identify the Problem, Theories, Methodology, Findings
Theories Findings/ Discusssion
and Discussion of Results, as well as, Applications to teaching and
a Sample real-life situation.

The matrix may be re-oganised in MS Word or Excel to clearly

summarise and enable comparison of multiple research articles.
Source/Reference (Research article)

Applications to Teaching

Sample situation

The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles 33

 Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching

Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised

Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted

Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes: (This course covers the following minimum standards for Teacher Education programs as stipulated in the PSGs)
6.2.a. Articulate the rootedness of education in philosophical, socio-cultural, historical, psychological and political contexts
6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline
6.2.c. Facilitate learning using a wide range of teaching methodologies and delivery modes appropriate to specific learners and their environments
6.2.d. Develop innovative curricula, instructional plans, teaching approaches, and resources for diverse learners
Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's
Name
Schedule Office
Designation
Time Office Hours

Venue Office
Telephone
Term E-mail Address

34
Course Information
Course Name Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching Course Code
Pre-requisite Subject Course Credit 3 units, 3 hrs./wk. (18 weeks, 54 hrs. total)
Course Requirements:
• Major Exams
• Summative quizzes
• Per unit outputs as specified in the assessment
• End of course learning log (reflective journal) and portfolio (compilation of outputs) of each unit.
Grading System

Course Description BTIs covered

This course is designed to explore and equip pre-service teachers with the fundamental principles, processes, and practices anchored on
learner-centeredness and other educational psychologies supportive of learning environments as these apply to facilitate various teac hing- 1.1.1; 1.2.1; 2.2.1; 2.3.1;
learning delivery modes to enhance learning. It also includes the demonstration of knowledge and understanding of diff erentiated teaching 2.4.1; 2.5.1; 2.6.1; 3.1.1;
to suit the learners’ gender, needs, strengths, interests and experiences. Further, pre-service teachers will be trained to implement teaching 3.2.1
strategies that are responsive to learners’ linguistic, cultural, socio-economic and religious backgrounds.
Course Learning Outcomes BTIs covered

At the end of the course, pre-service teachers should be able to:

[1] demonstrate understanding of the concepts and principles of learner-centered teaching based on educational philosophies and 1.1.1
research and their application in actual teaching and learning; 1.2.1
[2] demonstrate understanding of learning environments that promote fairness, respect and care to encourage learning; 2.2.1
[3] demonstrate knowledge of managing classroom structure that engages learners, individually or in groups, in meaningful 2.3.1
exploration, discovery and hands-on activities within the available physical learning environments;
[4] demonstrate understanding of supportive learning environment that nurture and inspire learner participation; 2.4.1
[5] demonstrate knowledge of learning environments that motivate learners to work productively by assuming responsibility for the ir 2.5.1
own learning; 2.6.1
[6] demonstrate knowledge of positive and non-violent discipline in the management of learner behavior; 3.1.1
[7] demonstrate knowledge and understanding of differentiated teaching to suit the learners’ gender, needs, strengths, interests 3.2.1
and experiences; 3.4.1
[8] implement teaching strategies that are responsive to learners’ linguistic, cultural, socio-economic and religious backgrounds;
[9] demonstrate understanding of the special educational needs of learners who have been displaced due to urban resettlement, cal 6.3.1
amities and armed conflict; and
[10] demonstrate knowledge of laws and policy documents that promote learner-centered teaching.

Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching 35

 Time Intended Learning Outcomes
BTIs Suggested Teaching Learning BTIs
Allotmen (ILOs) Content Suggested Assessment
CLOs Activities CLOs
t
Week 1-2 At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 1 Learner-centered teaching: Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
service teacher (PST) can: Foundations and characteristics

a. differentiate learner-centered A. Learner-centered teaching Interactive instruction and Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
1. Definition facilitated discussion. A KWL chart reflective journal.
teaching from other teaching 1.1.1 [1]
approaches (e.g. teacher- 3.1.1 [7] 2. Description/Characteristics may be used to organize class
centered approach) as applied discussion. PSTs will note: What they
in various teaching areas; Know, what they Want to know, and
what they Learned.
b. discuss the need to shift from 1.1.1 [1]
B. Paradigm shift: From teacher- Small group presentation of
teacher-centered teaching to Think-Pair-Share activity. Pairs 3.1.1 [7]
centered to learner-centered outputs. Groups choose an
learner-centered teaching 1.2.1 [1] exchange ideas on educational
teaching philosophies related to teacher- appropriate graphic organizer to
based on philosophical
1. Philosophical perspectives capture the essence of learner-
foundations, teaching centered and learner-centered
- Teacher-centered centered teaching.
principles and current teaching while the teacher guides the
philosophies Process: discussion of learner-
research; and discussion through prompts, clarifies
o Essentialism centered teaching concepts through
misconceptions and reinforces prior
o Perennialism effective use of charts and/or
c. discuss the varied roles of the knowledge.
- Learner-centered diagrams
teacher in learner-centered 1.1.1 [1]
philosophies Output: appropriate graphic
teaching and learning. Library/Online research. This
o Progressivism organizer 1.2.1 [1]
1.1.1 [1] involves the systematic gathering of
o Humanism
Constructivism information in order to write a paper,
o Panel discussion. This may be used
2. Supporting research create a presentation, or complete a
project. As used in this context, to process PST learning. This would
3. Resistance to change: be particularly useful in processing
Managing the shift preservice teachers shall gather
research information on a selected the outputs of the research activity
where the PSTs will present to the
article (supporting learner-
centeredness) from research journals class and discuss the need to shift
from teacher-centered teaching to
focusing on the Problem, Theories,
Methodology, Findings and learner-centered teaching based on
their analysis of the research
Discussion of Results.
article(s).
Process: Rubrics should be
formulated separately for the
research output and the panel
discussion.
Product: Annotated bibliography of
library/ online research.
1.1.1 [1]

Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching 36

 C. Dimensions of learner-centered Interactive instruction and
teaching facilitated discussion using Infographic. The PST, individually or
1. The function of content PowerPoint presentation. in small groups, will discuss the
2. The role of the instructor varied roles of the teacher in learner-
3. The responsibility for learning centered teaching and learning using
4. The purposes and processes text and graphic presentation or
of assessment infographic. The output will be
5. The balance of power presented in class or exhibited in a
gallery.

Week 3-6 At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 2 – Learner-centered Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
service teacher (PST) can: Psychological Principles
1.1.1 [1]
a. discuss the psychological 1.1.1 [1] A.Cognitive and Metacognitive Active PST-led class discussion: Unit learning log or reflective
principles of learner- 3.1.1 [7] Factors The PSTs will provide a brief overview journal.
centeredness as a basis for 1. Nature of the learning of learner-centered psychological
differentiated teaching to suit process principles.
learner’s gender, needs, 2. Goals of the learning 1.1.1 [1]
process Question and Answer: Class observation & portfolio.
strengths, interests and 3.1.1 [7]
3. Construction of knowledge Using an observation guide, PSTs will
experiences; The PSTs will write questions 2.5.1 [5]
4. Strategic thinking compile and submit a classroom
concerning various psychological
5. Thinking about thinking observation portfolio highlighting
b. identify factors that promote 2.5.1 [5] factors on metacards. The teacher
6. Context of learning will then draw the metacards from a the learner-centered principles and
learner-centeredness and
differentiated teaching practices
motivate learners to work ‘fishbowl’ and the PSTs will actively
B. Motivational and Affective participate by answering the employed by master/senior teachers
productively and be
Factors questions on the metacards . to suit learners’ gender, needs,
accountable for their own
1. Motivational and emotional strengths, interests and experiences.
learning;
influences Learning Centers. In addition, PSTs will identify the
2. Intrinsic motivation to learn The classroom walls will be filled with factors that promote learner-
3. Effects of motivation on classroom scenarios reflective of the centeredness and motivate learners
c. reflect on how developmental 2.2.1 [2]
effort factors relevant to psychological to work productively and be
and social factors can
principles of learner-centered accountable for their own learning in
influence learning
C. Developmental and Social teaching. The PSTs will work on the the actual setting.
environments to promote
Factors different activities in triads and, after
fairness, respect and care; and 2.2.1 [2]
1. Developmental influences a set time, the PSTs will rotate to a Reflective research. PSTs will
on learning new activity. undertake individual library or online
2. Social influences on research and write a reflective paper
d. relate RA 10533 and the K-to- 1.1.1 [1]
learning on teachers’ learner-centeredness
12 framework to the principles 6.3.1 [10]
practices that promote fairness,
of learner-centeredness. D. Individual Differences Field-based Class observation: respect and caring attitude in the
1. Individual differences in classroom.
learning

Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching 37

 2. Learning and diversity PSTs undertake field-based
3. Standards and assessment observations of learner-centered 1.1.1 [1]
E. Legal and Policy Frameworks classroom practices of teachers. Annotated document. PSTs will 6.3.1
and Learner-centered Teaching Document analysis. identify provisions in RA 10533 that [10]
1. RA 10533 PSTs will analyze the Basic Education highlight learner-centeredness and
2. K-to-12 Framework Act of 2013 (RA 10533) framework discuss their implications for
vis-à-vis the principles of learner- teaching.
centeredness.
Week 7-9 At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 3 – Organization and Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
service teacher (PST) can: Management of Learner-Centered
Classrooms
a. identify various forms of learner 1.1.1 [1]
centered classroom organization A.Forms of learner-centered Brainstorming: Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
classroom organization, reflective journal.
based on learners’ needs; The PSTs will be guided in identifying
procedures and physical learner-centered classroom
structure
b. formulate classroom 2.2.1 [2] organizations leading to their own
1. Room structuring
procedures and routines that design of a learner-centered
- For individualized
promote discipline, fairness, classroom. 1.1.1 [1]
learning Field-based reflective report on
respect and care among 2.4.1 [4]
- For group learning teachers’ organization and
learners and encourage
- Activity-oriented management of learner-centered
learning;
classroom classrooms based on a learner-
2. Classroom routines and developed checklist reflective of the
c. design, organize and explain 2.3.1 [3] Cooperative learning and
procedures various elements of organization and
the significance of the layout participatory discussion:
3. The social environment: management of learner-centered
of the physical structure of the In small groups, the PSTs will design
Fairness, respect, care and classrooms (e.g. forms of L-C
classroom for active a learner-centered classroom and
encouraging learning classroom organization, roles and
engagement of learners, present this to the class through the
4. Creating motivating responsibilities of teachers and
individually or in groups, in use of PowerPoint or other form of
learning environment learners for a supportive, inspiring,
exploration, discovery, hands- technology. The group will explain
on and self-learning activities; and justify their design by relating its motivating and productive learner-
B. Learner-centered centered classroom).
features to principles of learner-
classroom: Roles and
d. describe the roles and 2.4.1 [4] centered classrooms.
responsibilities
responsibilities of the teacher 2.5.1 [5] 2.2.1 [2]
1. Of teachers Physical map. PSTs will design and
and the learners for a 2.3.1 [3]
2. Of learners layout the physical structure/
supportive, inspiring, Case-analysis. 2.4.1 [4]
arrangement of an ideal classroom
motivating and productive In small groups, the PSTs will work
C. The role of discipline in
learner-centered classroom; on a classroom-based scenario of a based on the principles of learner-
learner- centered classrooms centeredness for active engagement
and 1. Collaborative class norms disciplinary action case of learners.
The PSTs will decide the kind of of learners, individually or in groups,
2. Logical consequences in exploration, discovery, hands-on
e. evaluate which disciplinary 2.6.1 [6] 3. Consistent application learner-centered discipline to be
actions are positive and non- utilized to each case. and self-learning activities. This will
4. Student-specific be supplemented by an explanation
5. Time for resolution

Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching 38

 violent in the management of 6. Calm spaces of the layout and classroom routines
learner behavior. and procedures that promote
discipline, fairness, respect and care
among learners and encourage
learning.

Short research-based essay on the

role of positive discipline in a 2.6.1 [6]
learner-centered classroom.

Small group presentation. The

group output of the Case-based 2.6.1 [6]
activity will be presented to the class.
The rest of the PSTs will be given the
chance to give input as to the
soundness of the choice of positive
non-violent disciplinary action
proposed by the group.
Week At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 4 –Learner-centered Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
10-15 service teacher (PST) can: Pedagogy
1.1.1 [1]
a. discuss the nature of learner- 3.1.1 [7] A.Delivery Modalities Teacher-led Discussion: Unit learning log or reflective
centered teaching modalities, 1. Face-to-face The teacher initiates discussion of journal.
structures, methods and 2. Blended learning various learner centered teaching
strategies that facilitate 3. Technology-based, Online/ e- methodologies, strategies and
differentiated teaching to suit Learning techniques.
learners’ gender, needs, 4. Distance learning 3.1.1 [7]
strengths, interests and B. Structures for Facilitating Dyads/Triads. Briefing paper. PSTs will write a
experiences; Learner-centered Teaching Dyads or triads of PSTs will gather briefing paper discussing the various
1. Formal (Traditional) research information on a previously teaching modalities, structures,
3.2.1 [8]
b. select appropriate learner- 2. Alternative Learning System assigned structure or learner- methods, and strategies that
centered teaching modalities, (ALS) centered teaching strategy. The promote learner-centeredness and
structures, methods and - Non-formal education following information shall be differentiated teaching to suit
(NFE) prescribed: description of the learners’ gender, needs, strengths,
strategies based on learners’
- Informal education (InfEd) structure/strategy, procedure, interests and experiences.
diverse needs, learning styles
- The Mobile Teacher
and backgrounds (i.e. advantages and disadvantages, when 3.2.1 [8]
3. Alternative Delivery Modes Portfolio. PSTs will be required to
linguistic, cultural, socio- to use, and possible variations (if
(ADM) compile an annotated portfolio that
economic and religious); and any). The summary output will be
- Modified In-School Off- showcases a range of different
presented to the class.
School Approach learner-centered teaching strategies
(MIMOSA) that are responsive to learners’
linguistic, cultural, soci-economic

Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching 39

 - Enhanced Instructional and/or religious backgrounds. Each
Management by Parents, strategy will be annotated. The
Community and Teachers annotations will include a short
(e-IMPACT) description, procedure (how to
- Open High School Program implement the strategy) and an
(OHSP) explanation of how the strategy
C. Methods and Strategies illustrates responsiveness to a
1. Methods particular contextual background.
- Active learning Some or all of the strategies may
activities also be accompanied by an excerpt
- Cooperative learning from a lesson plan that illustrates
activities how the strategy can be
- Inquiry and inductive incorporated in a lesson.
learning activities
2. Learner-centered
Instructional Strategies
- Cooperative learning
- Presentations
- Panels/Experts
- KWL (or KWHLAQ)
- Brainstorming
- Learner-created media
- Discussion
- Small group
- Case studies
- Jigsaw
- Learning centers
- Experiments
- Role play
- Simulation
- Laboratory
- Workshop
- Demonstration
- Index card
- Inquiry-based
- Mental models
- Project-based learning
- Problem-based
learning
- Discovery learning
- Q & A session

Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching 40

 - Social media
- Games or gamification
- Competitions Simulation. PSTs formulate teaching
c. draw on appropriate learner- 3.4.1 [9] - Debate procedures using appropriate 3.4.1 [9]
centered teaching modalities D. Flexible Learning and learner-centered teaching modalities
and strategies to formulate Teaching and strategies to address the
teaching procedures that E. Differentiated Teaching learning needs of learners affected
F. Education in Emergencies by a hypothetical emergency
address the special
1. Foundational standards situation – calamity or armed conflict.
educational needs of learners
2. The teaching and learning The output is a documentation of the
in difficult circumstances.
domain teaching procedures.
- Curricula
- Training, professional
development and
support
- Instruction and learning
processes
- Assessment of learning
outcomes

Week At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 5 – Learner-centered Lesson Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
16-18 service teacher (PST) can: Plans

a. identify the different parts, 1.1.1 [1] A.The Learner-centered Lesson Teacher-led Discussion Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
functions and characteristics of Plan The teacher facilitates the review of a reflective journal.
a learner-centered lesson plan; 1. Detailed lesson vs. daily lesson plan identifying various
1.1.1 [1] lesson log elements of learner-centeredness. 1.1.1 [1]
2. Parts of the learner- Comparison matrix. PSTs, in small
b. compare and contrast an The learners will be guided in
centered lesson plan groups will summarize their outputs
exemplar learner-centered determining if the lesson plan, in
from the Gallery Walk in a matrix and
lesson plan with teacher- or general, adheres to the principles of
B. Instructional Learning Processes then present their summary to the
content-centered lesson plans; 1.1.1 [1] learner-centeredness.
1. Learning objectives whole class and facilitate discussion.
c. craft a lesson plan chunk 2. Teaching content
emphasizing the use of a 3.2.1 [8] 3. Lesson planning
selected strategy; and - Pre-planning Independent learning through 1.1.1 [1]
- Lesson planning Gallery Walk. Lesson plan chunk. The PSTs will be
- Implementation The PSTs will have a walkthrough a required to design a chunk of a
d. implement the designed
- Evaluation gallery of lesson plans. They will then lesson plan focusing on the strategy
lesson plan chunk and the
evaluate the components of the that will be used in teaching the
appropriately chosen/selected
C. Lesson chunking and lesson plans vis-à-vis principles and lesson chunk.
strategy in response to
Microteaching Basics characteristics of learner
learners’ diverse needs,
learning styles and centeredness, noting similarities and

Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching 41

 backgrounds (i.e. linguistic, differences. A rubric or evaluation
cultural, socio-economic and guide will greatly facilitate the
religious). activity.
Explicit instruction on lesson
chunking and microteaching, where Microteaching. PSTs will implement 3.2.1 [8]
the “You Do” phase will serve as the the lesson plan chunk through
assessment. demonstration teaching to a small
For more information on chunking group of peers. The focus of
and microteaching visit the following assessment is on the appropriateness
websites: of the strategy and delivery in
• https://www.facinghistory.org/res addressing learners’ diverse needs,
ource-library/teaching- learning styles and backgrounds.
strategies/chunking Visit this site for sample rubric on
• https://dataworks- microteaching:
ed.com/blog/2015/11/how-to- https://www.andrews.edu/~bshep/
learn-better-part-1-chunking/ Micro%20Teaching%20Rubric%20for
• https://content.wisestep.com/micr %20Final%20-
o-teaching-principles- %20NCATE%20Version.pdf
procedures-benefits-limitations/
• https://www.thoughtco.com/micr
oteaching-4580453

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Department Order No. 58, series of 2010 – Implementing Guidelines on Alternative Learning System (ALS) Programs. Available online: http://www.deped.gov.ph/2010/05/17/do-58-s-
2010- implementing-guideline-for-alternative-learning-system-als-programs/

Department Order No. 42, series of 2016 – Policy Guidelines on Daily Lesson Preparation for the K to 12 Basic Education Program. Available online: http://www.deped.gov.ph/2010/05/17/ do-
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Department Order No. 13, series of 2019 – Policy Guidelines on the Implementation of the Enhanced Alternative Learning System (ALS) 2.0. Available online:
http://www.deped.gov.ph/wp- content/uploads/2019/06/DO_s2019_013.pdf

Republic Act No. 10533 – The Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013. Available online at: https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-no-10533/

Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching 43

Supplementary readings:

Daniels, Erika. (2010). Creating Motivating Learning Environments: What We Can Learn from Researchers and Students. The English Journal. 100. 25-29. doi:
10.2307/20787687. Dörnyei, Z. (n.d.). Creating a Motivating Classroom Environment. International Handbook of English Language Teaching, 719–731. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-
46301-8_47
Portland Community College (2014) Resources for Strategies on Learner-Centered Instruction. Available online at https://www.pc c.edu/library/library-and-learning/resources-
strategies- learner-centered-instruction/
MERLOT (2019) MERLOT Materials. Available online at: https://w ww.merlot.org/merlot/materials.htm?category=343369&sort.property=overallRating
Igarashi, Takiko (2018) A second chance to develop the human capital of out-of-school youth and adults: The Philippines alternative learning system (English). Washington, D.C.: World
Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/ 539131530792186404/A-second-chance-to-develop-the -human-capital-of-out-of-school-youth-and-adults-the-
Philippines- alternative-learning-system
Cortez, Marcos (2019) Breaking the Ice with Student-Made Videos. Available online at: https://www.edutopia.org/article/breaking-ice-student-made-videos
McCarthy, John (2015) Student-Centered Learning: It Starts with the Teacher. Available online at: https://www.edutopia.org/blog/student-centered-learning-starts-with-teacher-john-mccarthy
Pandolpho, Beth (2019) Designing Lessons for Engagement. Available online at: https://www.edutopia.org/article/designing-lessons-engagement
Tolisano, Sylvia Rosenthal (2015) An Update to the Upgraded KWL for the 21st Century, Langwitches Blog post. Accessed from: http://langwitches.org/blog/2015/06/12/an -update-to -
the - upgraded-kwl-for-the-21st-century/
Tolisano, Sylvia Rosenthal (2014) Documenting FOR Learning, Langwitches Blog post. Accessed from: http://langwitches.org/blog/2015/04/19/the-what-why-how-of-documenting4learning/

Supplementary online resources:

http://cet.usc.edu/resources/teaching/

https://www.merlot.org/merlot/Pedagogy.htm

https://www.pcc.edu/library/library-and-learning/resources-strategies-learner-centered-instruction/

http://www.cvadult.org/images/Lesson_Plan_Template_with_explanations.pdf

https://www.teachthought.com/learning/32-research-based-instructional-strategies/

http://www.visiblethinkingpz.org/VisibleThinking_html_files/03_T hinkingRoutines/03a_ThinkingRoutines.htm

l https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/teaching-strategi es

http://www.deped.gov.ph/k-to -12/inclusive -education/ about-alternative-learning-

system/ Inter-agency Network for Education in Emergencies (INEE), at https://inee.org/

Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching 44

 The Teaching Profession

Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised

Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted

Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes: (This course covers the following minimum standards for Teacher Education programs as stipulated in the PSGs)

6.2.a. Articulate the rootedness of education in philosophical, socio-cultural, historical, psychological and political contexts
6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline
6.2.g. Practice professional and ethical teaching standards sensitive to the changing local, national, and global realities
6.2.h. Pursue life-long learning for personal and professional growth through varied experiential and field-based opportunities

Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's
Name
Schedule Office
Designation
Time Office Hours

Venue Office
Telephone
Term E-mail Address

45
 Course Information
Course Name The Teaching Profession Course Code
Pre-requisite Subject Course Credit 3 units, 3 hrs./wk. (18 weeks, 54 hrs. total)
Course Requirements:

• Major Exams
• Summative quizzes
• Per unit outputs as specified in the assessment
• End of course learning log (reflective journal) and portfolio (compilation of outputs) from each unit.
Grading System

Course Description BTIs covered

This course deals with the understanding of the roles of teacher as a person and as a professional within the context of national and global
teachers’ standards, educational philosophies and legal bases. It includes knowledge of core values that uphold the dignity of the teac hing 1.1.1; 6.3.1; 7.2.1
profession, discussion of the code of ethics for professional teachers, and awareness and understanding of existing laws and jurisprudence
governing professional rights privileges and responsibilities, and teachers’ roles in the society as transformative agents of change.

Course Learning Outcomes BTIs covered

At the end of the course, the pre-service teachers can:

[1] demonstrate understanding of the philosophical, historical, legal, socio-cultural and political factors that influence teaching and 1.1.1
its development as a profession;
[2] articulate a personal philosophy of teaching that is learner-centered; 7.1.1
[3] demonstrate understanding of existing laws and related jurisprudence governing professional ethics, professional rights, privileges, 6.3.1
and responsibilities;
[4] manifest dignity in the teaching profession through caring attitude, respect, and integrity in teaching; 7.2.1
[5] formulate a plan to realize professional development goals based on the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers. 7.5.1

The Teaching Profession 46

 LEARNING PLAN
Time Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) BTIs Suggested Teaching Learning BTIs
Content Suggested Assessment
Allotment CLOs Activities CLOs
Week 1-2 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 1 – Nature of Teaching and
teacher (PST) can: Teacher Roles

a. explain what teaching is and 1.1.1 [1] A. What is teaching? Active learning and facilitated Small group presentation of 1.1.1 [1]
describe the various roles of a B. The Roles of a Teacher discussion. outputs. Respective
teacher 1. As a Person Brainstorming session will serve as brainstorming groups will post
2. As a Professional an initiating activity on “what their outputs on a Gallery Wall.
3. As a Community Leader and teaching is” and “what teaching is The outputs will describe and
Social Advocate not”, and on the “roles of a teacher”. explain “what teaching is, “what
4. As a Model of Character Outputs may be processed or refined teaching is not”, and the “roles of
5. As an Expert by semantic mapping. a teacher”.

C. Challenges in Teaching Gallery walk may then be used 1.1.1 [1]

1. Multicultural classrooms Interview a teacher in the field. for constructive criticism to further
2. Learner-centered teaching PSTs will interview teachers to learn enhance the outputs.
3. Multi-grade classes how they dealt with or overcame
4. ICT integration specific challenges in their Role playing. PSTs will portray the
5. Brain-based education professional practice. various roles of a teacher as well
6. Multiple intelligences as how teachers deal with or
7. Children with special needs overcome challenges that they
Pyramiding/ Snowball technique. may encounter in their
D. UNESCO’s 4 Pillars of Education Interview results may be processed professional practice.
using this technique where PSTs first
work alone, then in pairs, and finally
in foursomes to compare, refine, and
revise their outputs.

Week 3-4 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 2 – Historico-Legal
teacher (PST) can: Foundations of Education

a. trace and explain the evolution 1.1.1 [1] A.Historical Foundations Independent reading of books, Timeline. PSTs construct a 1.1.1 [1]
and development of the 1. Global articles, and journals (online or print) timeline of events,highlighting
Philippine educational system in - Ancient Period on the historical and legal context of major developments in education
the historical and legal context. - Middle/Medieval Period education. and the teaching profession in the
- Renaissance Period Philippines as influenced by global
- Modern/Contemporary Period Socialized recitation on the and local movements. This shall
2. Local historical and legal context of allow the PST to trace and explain
- Pre-colonial Period education. the evolution of the Philippine
- Spanish Period

The Teaching Profession 47

 - American Period educational system and teaching
- Post-colonial Period as a profession.
B. Legal Foundations 1.1.1 [1]
1. What is Law? Active learning activities like jigsaw, Small group presentation of
- Definition and nature panel discussion may alternatively be outputs. Alternatively, respective
- Typologies employed. groups are given topics to be
2. Sources of Philippine Educational presented on an appropriate
Jurisprudence graphic organizer. The graphic
- Constitution organizer should show and
- Statutes explain the influence of historico-
- Case Law or Jurisprudence legal movements to education and
- Regulatory Laws teaching in terms of educational
- Ordinance goals, educational structure,
- Legal Opinion policies and pedagogy.
- Resolutions
3. Legal Underpinnings Philippine
Education
- Educational Structure
- Educational Policies
- Curriculum and Instruction

Week 5-8 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 3 – Philosophy of Education
teacher (PST) can: and Personal Philosophy of
Teaching
a. discuss the philosophical
foundations of the present 1.1.1 [1] A. What is Philosophy of Independent reading of books, Essay. 1.1.1 [1]
educational system; Education? articles, and journals (online or print) PSTs will write an essay discussing
1.1.1 [1] 1. Definition and nature on philosophical foundations of how education evolved and was
b. make connections between 2. Philosophy and Education education. shaped by various philosophies,
philosophy, education and the B. Philosophical Foundations of and make connections between
7.1.1 [2]
Education these educational philosophies
teaching profession; and Socialized recitation on the
1. Western Philosophies
philosophical foundations of and the teaching profession.
c. formulate and express a personal, - Idealism
education.
- Realism
learner-centered philosophy of 1.1.1 [1]
- Pragmatism/Experimentalism Small group presentation of
teaching. Active learning activities like jigsaw,
2. Eastern Philosophies
panel discussion may alternatively be outputs. Alternatively, respective
- Hinduism groups are given topics to be
employed.
- Buddhism
presented on an appropriate
- Confucianism
graphic organizer. The graphic
- Taoism
organizer should show and explain
- Zen Buddhism
the influence or connection of the
- Christian Philosophy
philosophies to education and

The Teaching Profession 48

 - Saracen Philosophy teaching in terms of goals of
• Contemporary Philosophies education, teaching approaches,
- Perennialism teacher roles and real-life
- Essentialism examples.
- Existentialism
- Progressivism
- Social Reconstructionism
• Post-modern Philosophies

C. Principles and Philosophy of

Philippine Education
• Art. II, Sec.17 (1987 Phil.
Constitution)
• Art. XIV, Sec. 1-2 (1987 Phil.
Constitution) Explicit instruction on writing a Writing a personal, learner- 7.1.1 [2]
personal philosophy. For guides and centered philosophy of
D. Personal Philosophy of teaching. PSTs will formulate and
rubric visit:
Teaching
https://cei.umn.edu/writing-your- write their learner-centered
• Importance of a personal philosophy of teaching using the
teaching-philosophy
philosophy of teaching guide questions agreed upon in
• How to write a personal class. Outputs may be presented
philosophy of teaching? orally in class, as a blog or a vlog.
The written output will serve as an
artifact in the end of term
portfolio.

Week 9-10 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 4 – Teacher as a Person in
teacher (PST) can: Society

a. manifest a caring attitude, A.Morality and the Foundational Facilitated discussion of concepts Role playing. PSTs, in groups, will 7.2.1 [4]
respect, integrity and dignity in 7.2.1 [4] Moral Principle supplemented by active learning portray situations showing how
teaching. activities. teachers would manifest a caring
B. Teachers as Persons of Good
attitude, respect, integrity and
Moral Character
Create Scenarios / Simulations. dignity in teaching.
The teacher presents cases, problems,
C. Value Formation
scenarios, moral dilemmas, etc. in
1. Cognitive, affective and
which the PSTs must role play. A
psychomotor dimensions
critical situation is discussed and
2. Training the Intellect and Will
analyzed and decisions are made
3. Max Scheler’s Hierarchy of
about how to resolve the situation.
Values
KWHL chart may be used to organize
4. Values Hierarchy
class discussion. PSTs will note: What

The Teaching Profession 49

 D. Teaching as they Know, what they Want to know,
Vocation, Mission and How will they know and what they
Profession Learned.

E. Universal Declaration of Human

Rights
Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 5 – The Teacher as a
11-14 teacher (PST) can: Professional

a. discuss on the various laws 6.3.1 [3] A. The Professionalization of Socialized recitation on laws Situational paper and pencil test 6.3.1 [3]
governing teacher rights, Teaching pertaining to teachers and the on laws pertaining to teachers and
privileges, welfare and 1. Decree Professionalizing teaching profession. the teaching profession.
responsibilities and reflect on Teaching (PD 1006)
how they apply in real life. 2. The Philippine Teachers’ Sharing of personal experiences, Case analysis of classroom or 6.3.1 [3]
Professionalization Act (RA observations or insights on the school practices related to the
7836) implementation of laws pertaining to laws directly affecting the teacher
3. Amendments to certain the professionalization of teachers. as a professional. A critical
Sections of R.A. 7836 (RA situation or case is discussed and
9293) analyzed, focusing on how laws
Inviting a resource person/expert. were applied in arriving at a
B. Professional Ethics A master teacher, school head or resolution to the case. Results of
1. Code of Conduct for other expert may be invited to discuss analysis will be presented in
Professional Teachers on teachers’ rights, privileges, welfare appropriate graphic organizers
2. Code of Conduct for Public and responsibilities.
Officials and Employees (RA
6713)

C. Teacher Welfare and

Privileges - The Magna Carta
for Public School Teachers (RA
4670)

D. Teachers’ Rights, Duties and

Responsibilities – The
Education Act of 1982(BP 232)

E. Teachers as Persons in
Authority (CA 578)

The Teaching Profession 50

Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 6 – Other Laws Relevant to the
15-16 teacher (PST) can: Teaching Profession

a. discuss the details and provisions 6.3.1 [3] A. R.A. 6728 - Government Facilitated discussion and Annotated summary. PSTs, in 6.3.1 [3]
of laws significant to the teaching Assistance to Students and socialized recitation on laws relevant small groups, will make annotated
profession and how they apply to Teachers in Private Education to teachers and the teaching summaries of pre-assigned laws.
the teaching profession. Act profession. The annotations and discussions
B. R.A. 8545 - Expanded Group reporting or panel shall focus on the significance,
Government Assistance to discussion of the laws relevant to applications and implications of
Students and Teachers in Private teachers and the teaching profession. the provisions of laws to the
Education Act teaching profession.
C. RA 7877 – Anti Sexual Process: Group presentation and
Harassment Act of 1995 discussion of outputs to the whole
D. R.A. 8190 – Granting Priority to class.
Residents of the Barangay, Output: Annotated summary
Municipality or City where the
School is Located, in the Reflection paper. The PSTs will 6.3.1 [3]
Appointment or Assignment of Invite a resource person/expert. write a reflection paper on the
Classroom Public Schoolteachers A resource person from the Gender laws discussed by the resource
E. RA 9262 – Anti Violence Against and Development office may be person with emphasis on the
Women and their Children Act invited to discuss on specific laws like applications and implications of
of 2004 RA 7877, RA 9262 and RA 9710. the laws to the teaching
F. RA 9710 – The Magna Carta of profession.
Women
G. RA 8491 – Flag and Heraldic
Code of the Philippines
H. RA 10157 – The Kindergarten
Education Act
I. R.A. 10533 – Enhanced Basic
Education Act of 2013
J. R.A. 10931 – Universal Access
to Quality Tertiary Education Act

Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 7 – Professionalism and
17-18 teacher (PST) can: Transformative Education

a. describe the evolution of A. The 21st Century Teacher Online group research on the 21st Small group presentation of 1.1.1 [1]
competencies and standards in 1.1.1 [1] • Ways of thinking century teacher characteristics and outputs. Groups choose an
response to changing societal • Ways of working transformative education. appropriate graphic organizer to
demands on the teaching • Tools for working describe the evolution of
profession; and • Skills for living in the world Facilitated discussion and competencies and standards
socialized recitation. based on the changing societal

The Teaching Profession 51

 b. set plans for personal growth and 7.5.1 [5] B. Transformative Education demands on the teaching
professional development based profession
on the Philippine Professional C. Qualifications Frameworks
Standards for Teachers (PPST). • ASEAN Qualifications Active learning and facilitated Authentic writing/planning. 7.5.1 [5]
Framework (AQRF) discussion on qualifications PSTs describe their reasons and
• Philippine Qualifications frameworks using presentations and motivations in taking a career in
Framework (PQF) conference reports. teaching. They then describe their
real-life plans to finish the pre-
D. The National Competency- Document analysis. service program and continue
Based Teacher Standards their professional development
Facilitated analysis of the NCBTS and
(NCBTS) through in-service based on the
D.O. 42, s. 2017-National Adoption
and Implementation of the Philippine AQRF, PQF, and the standards
E. The Philippine Professional
Professional Standards for Teachers. stipulated in the PPST. They
Standards for Teachers (PPST)
Video presentation. further chronicle their action plan
• Development and
The explainer video on PPST may be to achieve their goals.
characteristics
downloaded from For more details on authentic
• Salient features and
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a writing visit:
components
A5cD474aIU&t=37s and presented to http://talkswithteachers.com/auth
- Career Stages
the class. enticwriting/
- Domains
- Strands
- Indicators

List of References

Bauzon, Prisciliano T. (2012). Handbook in Legal Bases of Education 2e. National Book Store, Inc., Mandaluyong City, Philippines.
Bilbao, P.P. Corpuz, B.B., Llagas, A.T., & Salandanan, G.G. (2015). The Teaching Profession. Lorimar Publishing Inc., Quezon City,
Philippines. De Belen, Rustico T. (2011). Education Laws and Jurisprudence: A Developmental Perspective. C & E Publishing.
Duka, Cecilio D. (2009) The Law and the Teaching Profession in the Philippines. C & E Publishing Inc.
Pila, R.A., Quendangan, M.M., Doctolero, P.L. (2013). The Teaching Profession in the Philippines. Anvil Publishing
Nolledo, Jose N. (1995). The 1982 Education Act of the Philippines: Annotated. National Book Store, Inc. Mandaluyong City,
Philippines. Republic Act No. 6713 – Code of Conduct for Public Officials and Employees
CMO No. 52, s. 2007 – Addendum to CMO 30, s. 2004 (NCBTS)
DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2017 – National Adoption and Implementation of the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST)
Teacher Education Council (2017). Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers. Teacher Education Council, Department of
Education.
De Leon, Hector S. & De Leon, Hector Jr. M. (2014) Textbook on the Philippine Constitution, 17e. Rex Bookstore, Inc., Quezon City Philippines
Ornstein, Allan C. (2016). Foundation of education 13th ed, Cengage Learning
Ozmon, Howard. (2012). Philosophical Foundations of Education. Pearson.

The Teaching Profession 52

Supplementary readings:

Beatty, J. E., Leigh, J. S. A., & Dean, K. L. (2008). Philosophy Rediscovered. Journal of Management Education, 33(1), 99–114.doi:10.1177/1052562907310557. Available
online at sci-hub.tw/10.1177/1052562907310557
Haave, N. 2014. Developing students’ learning philosophies. The Teaching Professor, 28(4): 1 & 4. Available online at https://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/philosophy-of-
teaching/six-questions-will-bring-teaching-philosophy-focus/
Sample template for writing personal philosophy is available at : http://www.qu.edu.qa/static_file/qu/offices%20and
%20departments/OFID%20office/Documents/Online%20Training/19 -
An_example_template_of_teaching_philosophy.pdf
Brubacher, John S. (1978). Modern Philosophies of Education. New York: McGraw – Hill Book
Co. Holmes. (2015). Creative education handbook: Vol. 5 . CLANRYE INTERNATIONAL.
Orteza, Evelina M. (2001). Philosophy of Education: A Collection of Essay. Rex Book Store, Inc.
Custodio, Lourdes J. (2003) Philosophy of Education and Values. UST Publishing House.
Tehie, Janice B. (2007). Historical foundations of education: Bridges from the ancient world to the present. Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall
Publications. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph
www.deped.gov.ph
https://lawphil.net

The Teaching Profession 53

 Technology for Teaching and Learning 1
Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised
Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted

Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes: (This course covers the following minimum standards for Teacher Education programs as stipulated in the PSGs)

6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline

6.2. e. Apply skills in the development and utilization of ICT to promote quality, relevant, and sustainable educational practices

Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's Name

Schedule Office Designation

Time Office Hours

Venue Office Telephone

Term E-mail Address

54
 Course Information
Course Name Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 Course Code
Pre-requisite Subject Course Credit 3 units, 3 hrs./wk. (18 weeks, 54 hrs. total)
Course Requirements:

• Summative and formative assessments

• Unit Outputs
• All provisions of the university/college student’s handbook shall apply
Grading System

Course Description BTIs covered

This is an introductory course that explores and teaches basic knowledge, skills and values in the positive use of technology (ICT) for teaching
and learning. It shall include ICT laws, policies and regulations, safety issues, media and technology in various content areas, learning theories 1.1.1, 1.3.1, 2.1.1,
and principles in the use and design of a variety of learning lessons, teaching-learning experiences, creating a safe and secure learning 4.5.1, 5.5.1, 6.3.1
environment, assessment tasks that utilize appropriate traditional and innovative technologies, and reflection on the use of ICT to improve the
teaching and learning process. Social, ethical and legal responsibility in the use of technology tools and resources shall also be addressed.
Course Learning Outcomes BTIs covered

At the end of the course, pre-service teachers should be able to:

[1] demonstrate understanding of the concepts, principles, theories of ICT systems and policies as they apply to and affect the t eaching 1.1.1
and learning process in various content areas;
[2] show skills in the positive use of ICT to facilitate the teaching and learning process; 1.3.1
[3] show skills in the selection, development and use of a variety of teaching and learning resources, including ICT, to address learning goals; 4.5.1
[4] demonstrate awareness of existing laws, regulations and policies that apply to the teaching and use of ICT; 6.3.1
[5] demonstrate knowledge of ICT policies, guidelines and procedures that provide safe and secure learning 2.1.1
environments; [6] reflect on the use of technology in facilitating and improving the teaching and learning process; 7.4.1
[7] design and evaluate assessment tasks using appropriate and innovative technologies. 5.1.1

Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 55

 LEARNING PLAN

Time Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) BTIs Suggested Teaching Learning BTIs
Content Suggested Assessment
Allotment CLOs Activities CLOs
Week 1-2 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 1 – Introduction to Technology
teacher (PST) can: for Teaching and Learning

a. define basic concepts in 1.1.1 [1] A. Basic Concepts to be defined: Brief Lecture: With the aid of a Use rating scale for the concept 5.1.1 [7]
understanding ICT in education. 1. Technology PowerPoint presentation, provide an map developed by each group.
2. Information and overview of Technology for Teaching
Communication and Learning 1.
3. Educational Technology
4. Technology, Media, and
Learning Small Group Discussion: Give Pen and Paper test on the basic 1.1.1 [1]
5. Instructional System and graphic organizers of the different concepts of ICT in education
Instructional Technology concepts to be defined through the
6. Technology Tools use of concept mapping
Whole group discussion: Pre-service
B. Roles of ICT in Teaching and teachers present group outputs to the
Learning
whole class

Individual Research: Encourage pre-

service teachers to validate the
concept map and conceptual
definition.

Week 3-5 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 2 – ICT Policies and Safety
teacher (PST) can: Issues in Teaching and Learning

a. enumerate the national ICT laws, 1.1.1 [1] A. National and International ICT Forum with Resource Person: Invite Summative quizzes on ICT laws, 1.1.1 [1]
policies and regulations affecting 6.3.1 [4] Laws, Policies and Regulations a resource person to talk on national policies and regulations, and 6.3.1 [4]
that are Applicable to Teaching safety issues in teaching and
classroom practices; and international ICT laws, policies
and Learning
and regulations that apply to teaching learning
b. describe the implementation of 1.1.1 [1] B. Safety Issues in ICT: Policies, and learning in Basic Education, with 2.1.1 [5]
ICT laws, policies and regulations 6.3.1 [4] particular focus on creating safe and Posting of comments on ICT 6.3.1 [4]
Guidelines and Procedures
in teaching-learning; and secure learning environments. Policies in Freedom Wall/Blog

Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 56

 c. identify ICT laws, policies and 1.1.1 [1] C. Uses of ICT Policies in Teaching
regulations that are incorporated 6.3.1 [4] and Learning in Basic Education Group Interviews: Organize small Checklist on practices that 2.1.1 [5]
into the design and group to conduct interviews and address safety Issues cross 6.3.1 [4]
implementation of teaching- observations on practices that address referenced to national and
learning activities to promote safety issues in ICT for teaching and international ICT laws, policies,
learner achievement and provide learning. regulations and procedures
safe and secure learning
environments.
Individual Research: Encourage pre- Accomplished observation guide 2.1.1 [5]
service teachers to research on the on how ICT laws, policies, 6.3.1 [4]
school ICT policies and best practices. regulations and procedures are
implemented in the classroom
Class Observation (Field Study):
Observe how ICT policies are
implemented in the classroom. Pre-service teachers’ written 1.1.1 [1]
description and opinions on 2.1.1 [5]
Create ICT Policies: Facilitate the their newly crafted ICT 6.3.1 [4]
creation the Classroom ICT Policies classroom policies, highlighting
agreed upon all learners. The policies their knowledge on how the
should highlight, among other things, policies uphold the positive use
the positive use of ICT to promote of ICT to promote learner
learner achievement and provide a achievement and provide a safe
safe and secure learning environment. and secure learning
environment.
Week 6-9 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 3 – Theories and Principles in
teacher (PST) can: the Use and Design of Technology
Driven Learning Lessons

a. identify the learning principles 1.1.1 [1] A. Learning Theories and Active Learning with Teacher-Led Reflection on active learning 1.1.1 [1]
and theories that are applied in Principles in: Discussion on Dale’s Cones of with teacher-led discussion on
the use and design of learning 1. Dale’s Cone of Experience Experience and how its principles and Dale’s Cones of Experience
lessons with technology; and (with equal attention given to theories are utilized in technology- posted on the online
both the Conventional driven teaching and learning. blog/’Classroom-made twitter
Technology and the Wall’
Innovative and Emerging
Technology for Teaching)
b. show skills in using, designing,
developing and delivering a 1.3.1 [2] 2. TPACK (Technology, Image Analysis: Pre-service teachers Restricted Essay 1.1.1 [1]
technology-driven lesson that 4.5.1 [3] Pedagogy and Content analyze and explain the image on
incorporates the positive use of Knowledge) TPACK (See PSGs for image/diagram
ICT. in the Course Syllabus Template for
Technology for Teaching and Learning

Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 57

 1). The teacher synthesizes the pre-
service teachers’ analyses and
explanations.

(Active Learning in a Brief Lecture

given by the teacher) The Fish Bowl
Activity: Pre-service teachers are
given metacards and asked to write a
question of clarification about the
topic (i.e. questions concerning the
application of the topic to practical
concepts). Teacher draws these
questions from the bowl and answers
the questions or asks the class to
answer them. (This could be done
during or after the input.)
3. ASSURE Model ( Analyze Think-Pair and Share: In pairs, pre- The pre-service teachers, in 4.5.1 [3]
Learners, State Methods, service teachers will discuss about the small groups, will create and
Media, & Materials, Utilize ASSURE Model and create their own deliver their own ASSURE
Media & Materials, Require ASSURE lesson lesson. Checklist on the
Learner Participation, Evaluate Elements included in a lesson
and Revise) using the ASSURE Model and
the rating scale will be used.

Midterm Week
Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 4 – ICT in Various Content
10-12 teacher (PST) can: Areas

a. show skills in the positive use of 1.3.1 [2] A. 21st Century Literacy Skills Brief Lecture: Explain 21st Century Oral examination on the 21st 1.1.1 [1]
media and technology in various 4.5.1 [3] 1. Digital Literacy Skills literacy skills with emphasis on digital Century-Digital Literacy skills
content areas; - Media literacy skills.
- Information
b. introduce sample technology- 4.5.1 [3] - ICT literacy Research on Instructional Design 1.1.1 [1]
Lesson exemplar analysis output
enhanced lessons to support models and collaborative work on 6.3.1 [4]
learning; B. Instructional Design Models designing an infographic or a visual After analyzing a lesson
1. Gagne’s Nine Events image of the assigned Instructional 1.3.1 [2]
exemplar, the pre-service
c. select ICT and conventional 4.5.1 [3] 2. Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy Design model to be presented in 4.5.1 [3]
teachers will demonstrate a
learning materials designed to 3. ADDIE class. sample technology-enhanced
enhance teaching-learning; 4. Merill’s Principles of Instruction
lesson showing skills in the
positive use of technology in

Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 58

d. describe flexible learning 1.1.1 [1] C. Technology Enhanced Teaching Inquiry-Based Approach: Introduce a teaching and learning
environments that enhance 1.3.1 [2] Lesson Exemplars technology-enhanced teaching lesson resources to achieve learning
collaboration with the positive use exemplar goals. Demonstration guide will
of technology tools; be used.
Analysis of a teaching plan
e. reflect on the use of technology in 7.4.1 [6] exemplar—identifying the elements Presentation of selected
facilitating and improving the in designing a lesson and discussing instructional media 4.5.1 [3]
teaching and learning process, the possibilities of technology appropriate for teaching and
and on its relevance and integration in accordance with ICT learning context.
appropriateness laws, policies, regulations and
procedures to promote the positive
use of ICT
KWL CHART
• What I Know 1.1.1 [1]
Demonstration: Demonstrate a • What I Want to Know
D. ICT and Conventional Learning sample technology-enhanced lesson • What I Learned
Materials to Enhance Teaching in accordance with ICT laws, policies,
and Learning regulations and procedures to
1. Digital Learning Resources promote the positive use of ICT
- Google docs Checklist
Paper and Pencil Test on the 1.1.1 [1]
- Survey Monkey Group research and presentation of
- Others types and use of technology
the digital learning materials
2. Conventional Learning tools in a collaborative
identified as appropriate and feasible
Resources classroom environment.
in a given teaching-learning context.
- Flip cards
- Realia
- Others Forum-Discussion: Conduct a forum
on distance learning

Demonstration and hands-on

E. Distance Learning
exploration on synchronous and
1. Types of Online Distance
asynchronous online distance learning
Learning
using the class Site
- Synchronous Reflective narrative or Entries
- Asynchronous in the ‘Classroom Twitter Wall’
Brief Lecture on types and use of
in the classroom/Blog Created
technology tools in a collaborative
F. Technology Tools in a and Administered by the
classroom environment
Collaborative Classroom teacher.
Environment

Small Group Discussion: Led by Pre- Self- Or Peer-Evaluation of

service teachers
their Assessment

Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 59

 G. Relevance and Appropriateness
in the Use of Technology in
Teaching and Learning Based on the lesson demonstrated,
the class will determine, analyze and
1. Principles in Selecting evaluate the appropriateness and use
Instructional Materials based of technology.
on their:
- Appropriateness and (Variation: Based on the Lesson plan
Feasibility. exemplar)
- Appropriateness (Target
Learners and Instruction) Class presentation of their evaluation
- Authenticity (Dependable) of instructional materials used in the
- Interest lesson
- Cost (Economy)
- Organization and Balance

And other considerations:

Environmental factors, dynamic
variables (e.g size of class, attitudes,
etc.)
Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 5 – Innovative Technologies for
13-14 teacher (PST) can: Teaching-Learning and Assessment
Task

- formulate teaching-learning 1.3.1 [2] • ICT and Assessment in Learning Pre-service teachers lead discussions Reporting and feed backing of 1.1.1 [1]
experiences and assessment - Assessment Tools their research
4.5.1 [3] of Innovative Technologies for 5.1.1 [7]
tasks using appropriate and • Tools in evaluating appropriate outputs/findings on examples
5.1.1 [7] Teaching-Learning and Assessment
innovative technologies; and assessment tools (ex. Checklist, of technology-assisted tools in
Tasks
rating scale) assessment in learning
- evaluate the appropriateness 5.1.1 [7]
of assessment tools using ICT • Technology-Enhanced Lesson Pre-service teachers research on 1.3.1 [2]
using the ASSURE as Workshop Output: Tools used
resources to address learning examples of technology-assisted tools 4.5.1 [3]
Technology-Integration Model to evaluate assessment tools.
goals. in assessment in learning. 5.5.1
PSTs will design, develop, select
and demonstrate positive use of
ICT resources and assessment
Workshop on the formulation of
tools to address learning goals.
tools to evaluate assessment tools

Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 60

Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 6 – Social, Ethical and Legal
15-18 teacher (PST) can: Responsibilities in the Use of
Technology Tools and Resources

a. show, give examples, observe and 1.1.1 [1] Lecture-discussion on the nine Written exam on the 1.1.1 [1]
A. Digital Citizenship elements of digital
demonstrate social, ethical and 1.3.1 [2] elements of digital citizenship
citizenship
legal responsibility in the use of 1. Nine Elements of Digital
technology tools and resources; Citizenship

b. identify examples of compliance 1.1.1 [1] B. Social, Ethical and Legal

of Intellectual Property Rights 6.3.1 [4] Group research on the social, ethical
Responsibilities in the Use of
(IPR) in the educational setting; and legal responsibilities in the
Technology Tools and Resources
by Teachers positive use of technology tools and
c. enumerate digital safety policies, 1.1.1 [1] resources by teachers
guidelines and procedures that 2.1.1 [5] Talk it Out (from Global Digital Citizen
ensure child online safety and Foundation) An Activity on taking a
prevent cyberbullying; stance on an issue and defending it
Pre-service teachers are given a
d. discuss safety rules in obtaining 1.1.1 [1] scenario primarily focusing on social,
resource materials from local area 1.3.1 [2] ethical and legal responsibilities in the
network-based and the internet; use of technology.
Analysis of the different cases
e. describe the community of 1.1.1 [1] involving social, ethical and legal
learners as netizens who share issues on technology use.
and utilize digital materials; and
C. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Group research on the Intellectual 5.1.1 [7]
Applicable to the Educational property Rights in Educational Setting Rubrics assessing research
f. practice standard netiquette to 1.3.1 [2]
Setting: Copyright and related outputs
legal on social, ethical
responsibilities in theand
use
share and utilize digital materials
Rights Copyright Law Class presentation of research outputs
as a positive use of technology.
(e.g. poster, infographic, HootBoard, of technology
etc.)

D. Digital Safety Rules 4As (Abstraction, Analysis and 1.1.1 [1]

1. Rule 1: Research before you Application) Activity: You know the
register Rules (from Global Digital Citizenship
2. Rule 2: Discriminate Foundation) Learners imagine that
3. Rule 3: Think before typing they can draft three rules that every
4. Rule 4: Require ID digital citizen must follow. What
5. Rule 5: Trust your gut would they be and why?

Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 61

E. Cyber bullying Forum Discussion on the digital safety Class formulated Guide on 1.3.1 [2]
rules Digital Safety Rules

F. Netizens in Cyberspace: Active Debates on Cyber bullying Making of Posters and digital 1.1.1 [1]
Citizenship campaign materials
Small group Discussion

G. Netiquette (social conventions Brief Lecture Role playing on how to support 1.3.1 [2]
online) school learners as part of a
Forum: The class will have a forum on learning community
Netiquette
Joining social media sites Rubrics assessing behavior in
social media sites

H. Educational Sites and Portals Group Research to identify Pencil and paper Test 1.1.1 [1]
educational sites and portals

I. Online Communities of Learning Presentation and sharing of Research The pre-service teachers
e.g. Outputs (e.g. Infographics, Digital will compile a collection of
1. Facebook advertisement, brochures, bulletin educational Sites
2. Twitter board display/online bulletin board)
3. Instagram
4. Webinar

J. Online Resources e.g. Practicum on sample strategies on Rating scales on the

1. Opensource how to join experts’ learning practicum accomplished
2. Multimedia resources; video communities
Reflection on joining expert
sites
3. Finding images learning communities
4. Music and audio; webcasts
5. Locate web sources by topic
6. Others

K. Collaborative projects i.e. The Group Research and Application of Checklist 1.1.1 [1]
Problem-Based projects or the identified relevant mailing list and
Project-Based Project online journals

Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 62

 L. Technology Tools for Pre-service teachers lead Group
Collaborative Work, e.g. Discussions Pencil and Paper Test
1. Google drive
2. Edmodo Lecture
3. Bubbl.us
4. Wikispaces Lecture-Demonstration
5. Others
Practical Test
Workshop/ Hands-on experience on
the tools

Online Chat Session

List of References
Bilbao,P., Dayagbil, F., & Corpuz, B. (2014). Curriculum Development for Teachers. LORIMAR Publishing

Inc. Biggs, J. (2014). Constructive Alignment in University

Bitter, G.G, & J.M. legacy. (2008). Using Technology in the Classroom

Byun, J.N., Kwon, D.Y., & Lee, W.G (2014). Development of ill-structured problems for elementary learners to learn by computer-based modelling tools. International
Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering, 6(4), 292-296

CAST (2011). University designed for learning guidelines version 2.0. Wake_eld, MA: Author

Cindy E. H. (2004). Problem-Based learning: What and How Do students learn? Educational Psychology Review, 16, 3.

Constructivism and CALL: Evaluating some interactive features of network-based authoring tools. ReCALL: The Journal of EUROCALL, 13(1), 32-46.

This syllabus was based on the sample OBE course syllabus in the CMOs. The contents were adopted with minimal revisions on the language to align with
the
standards (BTI)

Technology for Teaching and Learning 1 63

 Assessment in Learning 1

Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised

Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted

Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes: (This course covers the following minimum standards for Teacher Education programs as stipulated in the PSGs)

6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline

6.2.f. Demonstrate a variety of thinking skills in planning, monitoring, assessing, and reporting learning processes and outcomes

Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's
Name
Schedule Office
Designation
Time Office Hours

Venue Office
Telephone
Term E-mail Address

64
Course Information
Course Name Assessment in Learning 1 Course Code
Pre-requisite Subject Course Credit 3 units, 3 hrs/wk. (18 weeks, 54 hrs total)
Course Requirements:

• Major Exams
• Summative quizzes
• Per unit outputs as specified in the assessment
• End of course learning log (reflective journal) and portfolio (compilation of assessment outputs) on test development

Grading System

Course Description BTIs covered

This course focuses on the principles, development and utilization of conventional assessment tools to improve the teaching l earning process.
It emphasizes the use of assessment of, as, and for learning in measuring knowledge, comprehension and other think ing skills in the 1.1.1; 5.1.1; 5.3.1,
cognitive, psychomotor or affective domains. It takes pre-service teachers through the standard steps in test construction and development, the 5.5.1
application of grading systems, and the provision of timely, accurate, and constructive feedback to improve learner performance. Trends and issues
related to assessment are also addressed.

Course Learning Outcomes BTIs covered

At the end of the course, pre-service teachers should be able to:
[1] demonstrate current, research-based knowledge and understanding of the basic concepts and principles of assessment and how they 1.1.1; 1.2.1
are applied in teaching and learning;
[2] identify learning outcomes that are aligned with learning competencies; 4.2.1
[3] demonstrate knowledge in designing, developing, selecting and using appropriate diagnostic, formative and summative 5.1.1
assessment strategies in line with K to 12 standards, guidelines and requirements;
[4] demonstrate knowledge of monitoring and evaluating learner progress using learner attainment 5.2.1
data; [5] demonstrate understanding of the role of assessment in making instructional decisions; 5.5.1
[6] demonstrate knowledge of providing timely, accurate and constructive feedback to improve learner performance; and 5.3.1
[7] demonstrate familiarity with strategies for communicating students’ learning needs, progress and achievement to key stakeholders. 5.4.1

Assessment in Learning 1 65
 Time Intended Learning Outcomes BTIs Suggested Teaching Learning BTIs
(ILOs) Content Suggested Assessment
Allotment CLOs Activities CLOs
Week 1-2 At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 1 – Preliminary Concepts and Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
service teacher (PST) can: Recent Trends 1.2.1 [1]

a. explain the basic concepts and 1.1.1[1] A. What is educational assessment? Interactive instruction and Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
principles in educational 1. Basic principles facilitated discussion. KWL reflective journal.
1.2.1 [1]
assessment; 2. Types of assessment chart may be used to organize
5.5.1 [5] - Assessment for learning class discussion. PSTs will note:
b. discuss on the role of - Assessment as learning What they Know, what they
assessment in making - Assessment of learning Want to know, and what they
instructional decisions to 3. Users of educational Learned.
improve teaching and learning; assessment
and 5.5.1 [5]
B. Common terminologies
c. reflect on and discuss the 1. Measurement
2. Testing Small group presentation of
applications and implications of 1.1.1 [1]
- Standardized testing outputs. Groups choose an
assessment to teaching and Think-Pair-Share activity. Pairs
learning. - High stakes testing exchange ideas on commonly appropriate graphic organizer to
3. Evaluation capture the main idea of what
encountered terms on
4. Types and distinctions of tests assessment while the teacher educational assessment is.
Process: discussion of concepts
clarifies misconceptions and
C. High Quality Assessment reinforces prior knowledge. and effective use of charts and/or
Components diagrams
1. Clear purpose Output: appropriate graphic
Interactive instruction and
2. Clear and appropriate targets facilitated discussion using organizer
3. Appropriate methods concept maps.
4. Adequate sampling
5. Objectivity

Panel discussion. This may be 1.1.1 [1]

D. Recent trends and focus
Library/Online research. This used to process pre-service
1. Accountability and fairness
involves the systematic teachers’ learning. This would be 5.5.1 [5]
2. Standards-based education
gathering of information in particularly useful in processing
3. Outcome-based education
order to write a paper, create a the outputs of the research activity
4. Item Response Theory
presentation, or complete a where the PSTs will present,
project. As used in this context, explain and discuss to the class
preservice teachers shall gather their outputs like experts based on
research information on their reflections of their respective
identified topics from journals topics.
focusing the Problem, Theories,

Assessment in Learning 1 66
 Methodology, Findings and Process: Rubrics should be
Discussion of Results. formulated separately for the
research output and the panel
discussion.
Product: Annotated bibliography
of library/ online research.
Week 3-5 At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 2 – Target Setting Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
service teacher (PST) can: 1.2.1 [1]

a. formulate appropriate learning 4.2.1 [2] A. Standards-based Assessment Interactive instruction and Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
objectives and outcomes that 1. Constructive alignment facilitated discussion. Review reflective journal.
1.2.1 [1]
are constructively aligned with 2. K-12 assessment guidelines of related policies of DepEd and
national standards. - Content standards literature on the Revised Bloom’s
- Performance standards Taxonomy may be used as a
- Assessment types springboard for discussion.
Pre-service teachers research
B. Appropriate Targets other and emerging taxonomies
1. Competencies, objectives, to be presented in class.
outcomes Advance organizers like a
2. Characteristics of objectives path/flow diagram may be used
(SMARTER) in unpacking competencies.
3. Learning domains and
taxonomies
- Cognitive
- Bloom’s Taxonomy (Bloom,
et al., 1964)
- Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy
(Anderson & Krathwohl,
2001)
- Affective
- Psychomotor
4. Other taxonomies
- SOLO Taxonomy (Biggs &
Collis, 1982)
- Marzano Taxonomy
(Marzano & Kendall, 2007)

Assessment in Learning 1 67
 C. Unpacking Learning Unpacking learning 4.2.1 [2]
Competencies competencies and formulating
1. Unpacking competencies using objectives. The preservice
5Ps teachers will choose a topic on a
2. ABCD of the Statement of subject of their choice from the
Objectives curriculum guide and unpack a
3. Writing objectives from related competency. They shall
competencies then formulate learning objectives
based on the unpacked
competency and write the
objectives using the ABCD format.
(May be done individually or in
small groups)
Product: SMARTER
outcomes/objectives

Week 6-9 At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 3 – Designing and Developing Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
service teacher (PST) can: Assessments 1.2.1 [1]

a. develop assessment tools that 5.1.1 [3] A. Characteristics of Quality Interactive instruction and Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
are learner-appropriate and Assessment Tools facilitated discussion using reflective journal.
1.2.1 [1]
target-matched; and concept maps and process
B. Types of Teacher-made Tests flowcharts.
b. improve assessment tools based 5.5.1 [5] Test development, pilot testing,
C. Learning Target and Assessment
on assessment data. Explicit instruction may be item analysis and reliability 5.1.1[3]
Method Match
used in the TOS’ development testing. 5.5.1 [5]
1. Table of Specifications
and item analysis (using MS
Using the objectives formulated in
Excel if viable). Explicit the previous unit, the preservice
D. Assessment Tools Development
instruction in this context shall
1. Assessment development cycle teachers will:
involve modelling, guided 1. develop a table of
2. Test item formulation
learner practice and
3. Item analysis specifications,
independent learner practice. 2. develop or formulate test
4. Reliability
a. Measures of relationship items using a mix of
b. Index of determination appropriate test formats
c. Inter-rater reliability based on the TOS,
5. Validity 3. pilot-test the developed
assessment tool,
4. conduct item analysis and
reliability testing on the
assessment data, and

Assessment in Learning 1 68
 5. make necessary revisions to
the assessment tool based on
analysis of results.
Product: TOS and encoded report
of item analysis and reliability
testing.

Midterm Week
Week At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 4 – Analysis and Interpretation of Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
10- 15 service teacher (PST) can: Assessment Results 1.2.1 [1]

a. interpret assessment results A. Presentation Teacher-facilitated active Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
accurately and utilize them to 1. Textual presentation learning with the use of reflective journal. 1.2.1 [1]
5.2.1 [4]
help learners improve their 2. Tabular presentation available technology like
performance and achievement; 3. Graphical presentation computers/laptops, android
Assessment results analysis and
and phones or scientific calculators. 5.2.1 [4]
B. Quantitative Analysis and interpretation.
5.5.1 [5] Interactive projected media
Interpretation Using data obtained from pilot-
b. utilize assessment results to using MS Excel is preferred due 1.1.1 [1]
1. Levels of measurement testing of developed assessment
make informed-decisions to to its facility in presenting
improve instruction. 2. Measures of central tendency graphs, tables and numerical tool, the preservice teachers will:
3. Measures of variability 1. empirically describe or
data processing. 5.5.1 [5]
4. Measures of relative position interpret learners’
5. Other measures performance using
appropriate measures,
2. present and discuss the
analysis and interpretations
to the class using tables and
graphs; and
3. identify possible ways to
improve teaching and
learning based on the
analysis and interpretations.
Process: delivery and presentation
Product: report on:
1. analysis and interpretation of
learner performance using
appropriate tables and
graphs; and
2. possible ways to improve
teaching and learning based
on the analysis and
interpretations.

Assessment in Learning 1 69
Week At the end of the unit, the pre- Unit 5 – Feedbacking and Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
16-18 service teacher (PST) can: Communicating Assessment Results 1.2.1 [1]

a. make value judgements on 5.2.1 [4] A. Qualitative Evaluation Explicit instruction on the Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
assessment results based on reflective journal.
conduct of feedback, self- 1.2.1 [1]
empirical evidence; and B. Constructive Feedbacking assessment and peer
b. demonstrate strategies to 5.4.1 [7] 1. Principles and characteristics assessment.
communicate learner needs, 2. Strategies
progress and achievement to - Written feedback
intended stakeholders. - Oral feedback
Self-assessment and peer
critiquing of outputs. Using an 5.1.1
C. Self-assessment
agreed rubric as a basis for 5.2.1
assessment, the preservice 5.4.1
D. Peer assessment
teachers will evaluate their own
output (portfolio on assessment
tool development) and the output
of their peers. In addition to the
quantitative rating, the PSTs will
highlight strengths, weaknesses,
and interesting points in their
critiques of their peers’ work.
(Advance organizer like the de
Bono’s Plus-Minus-Interesting
(PMI) may be used.)
Process: ability to evaluate and
provide feedback on others’ work
Output: duly filled peer and self-
assessment feedback form.

Finals Week

Assessment in Learning 1 70
 List of References

ARC (n.d.). Current issues. Retrieved from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, the Assessment Resource Centre Web site:
http://www.polyu.edu.hk/assessment/arc/issues/index.htm
Cajigal, Ronan M. &Mantuano, Maria Leflor D. (2014) Assessment of Learning 1. Adriana Publishing Co. Inc. Quezon City,
Philippines. Cajigal, Ronan M. &Mantuano, Maria Leflor D. (2014) Assessment of Learning 2. Adriana Publishing Co. Inc. Quezon
City, Philippines.
Christian Brothers University (2016) Writing perfect learning outcomes. Available online:
https://www.cbu.edu/assets/2091/writing_perfect_learning_outcomes.pdf
Department Order No. 73, series of 2012 – Guidelines on the Assessment and Rating of Learning Outcomes Under the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum. Available
online:
http://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/DO_s2012_73.pdf
Department Order No. 8, series of 2015 – Policy Guidelines on Classroom Assessment for K to 12 Basic Education Program. Available online:
http://www.deped.gov.ph/wp- content/uploads/2015/04/DO_s2015_08.pdf
Gabuyo, Y.A. (2012) Assessment of Learning I. Rex Book Store, Inc., Manila, Philippines.
Gabuyo, Y.A. (2012) Assessment of Learning II. Rex Book Store, Inc., Manila,
Philippines.
Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A revision of Bloom's taxonomy: An overview. Theory into practice, 41(4), 212-218. Retrieved from https://cmapspublic2.ihmc.us/rid=1Q2PTM7HL-
26LTFBX-
Supplementary readings:

Dixson, D. D., & Worrell, F. C. (2016). Formative and summative assessment in the classroom. Theory into practice, 55(2), 153-159. Available online:
https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2016.1148989
K12 Academics (2019) Education assessment and evaluation. Retrieved from https://www.k12academics.com/education-assessment-evaluation
Martin-Kniep, G. O. (n.d.) Standards-based curriculum and assessment design. Becoming a better teacher. Retrieved from
http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/ 100043/chapters/Standards- Based_Curriculum_and_Assessment_Design.aspx
McTighe, J., & Ferrara, S. (1998). Assessing Learning in the Classroom. Student Assessment Series. NEA Professional Library, Distribution Center, PO Box 2035, Annapolis Junction, MD 20701-
2035. Available online: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED429989.pdf

Assessment in Learning 1 71
 Assessment in Learning 2

Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised

Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted

Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes: (This course covers the following minimum standards for Teacher Education programs as stipulated in the PSGs)

6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline

6.2.f. Demonstrate a variety of thinking skills in planning, monitoring, assessing, and reporting learning processes and outcomes

Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's
Name
Schedule Office
Designation
Time Office Hours

Venue Office
Telephone
Term E-mail Address

72
 Course Information
Course Name Assessment in Learning 2 Course Code
Pre-requisite Subject Assessment in Learning 1 Course Credit 3 units, 3 hrs/wk (18 weeks, 54 hrs total)
Course Requirements

• Major Exams
• Summative quizzes
• Per unit outputs as specified in the assessment
• End of course learning log (reflective journal) and portfolio
Grading System

Course Description BTIs covered

This course focuses on the principles, development and utilization of alternative forms of assessment in measuring, monitoring and 1.1.1;5.1.1; 5.2.1;
evaluating authentic learning and communicating its results. It emphasizes on how to assess process- and product-oriented 5.3.1; 5.4.1
learning outcomes as well as affective learning. Pre-service teachers will experience how to design, develop, select and use rubrics
and other alternative assessment tools for performance-based and product-based assessment. The course further addresses how to
provide accurate and constructive feedback to improve instruction and learner performance.
Course Learning Outcomes BTIs covered

At the end of the course, pre-service teachers should be able to:

[1] demonstrate understanding of the principles of high quality assessment in conceptualizing, organizing and using authentic 1.1.1; 5.1.1
assessment techniques in various curriculum teaching areas;
[2] demonstrate skills in designing, developing and using learner-appropriate performance-based, product-based, and 5.1.1; 5.2.1
affective assessment tools in monitoring and evaluating learner progress and achievement in various curriculum areas;
[3] demonstrate knowledge and understanding of providing timely, accurate and constructive feedback to improve 5.3.1
learner performance; 5.4.1
[4] demonstrate familiarity with various strategies for communicating authentic learning results; 5.5.1
[5] demonstrate an understanding of the role of assessment data as feedback in teaching and learning practices and programs; 7.4.1
and
[6] demonstrate an understanding of how professional reflection on assessment feedback can be used to improve practice.

Assessment in Learning 2 73
 LEARNING PLAN

Time Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) BTIs Suggested Teaching Learning BTIs
Content Suggested Assessment
Allotment CLOs Activities CLOs
At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 1 – Authentic Assessment in Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
Week 1-4 teacher (PST) can: the Classroom
Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
a. discuss the nature and 1.1.1 [1] A. High Quality Assessment in Insightful Prior Understanding. reflective journal
characteristics of authentic Retrospect At the outset, pre-service teachers
1. Purpose name and/or present some key Small group presentation of
assessment and related terms; 1.1.1 [1]
2. Targets words of relevance to the topic. outputs. Groups choose an
3. Methods Pre-service teachers will reflect on appropriate graphic organizer to
b. differentiate authentic and 1.1.1 [1]
traditional assessment; 4. Sampling what they currently think about a capture the main idea of what
5. Accuracy prior topic, how it relates to a new authentic assessment is, as well as,
topic, how they feel about it, and differences between authentic and
c. reflect on the importance and 5.1.1 [1]
applications of authentic B. What is Authentic Assessment? why this might be the case. Pre- traditional assessment. Group
1. Nature members take turns in presenting
assessment; and service teachers will be asked to
2. Characteristics predict what they will learn about, components of their outputs.
3. Related terms Process: discussion of concepts
d. make connections between the 5.1.1 [1] how they feel about that, and how
principles of high quality they expect to feel about the and effective use of charts,
C. Why use authentic assessment? diagrams, audio, video, animation,
assessment and the development experience of learning about it.
1. Principles multi-media technologies to
and use of authentic assessment 1.1.1 [1]
2. Traditional assessment vis-à- immerse audience
techniques and tools within and 5.1.1 [1]
vis authentic assessment Output: appropriate graphic
across teaching areas. Case-based discussion.
organizer
Pre-service teachers will be
D. Developing Authentic provided with a real-world case to
Classroom Assessments Mini case study. Pre-service
study (e.g. a news article, account
1. A framework for authentic teachers will have individual
of a decision or procedure, video,
assessment reading on cases or stories
etc.).
2. Authentic assessment Individually, or in small groups, portraying use or misuse of
development process authentic assessment. The
have pre-service teachers analyze reflection paper shall highlight the
the case using guidelines and a relationship of principles of high
framework provided by the quality assessment to authentic
professor. Pre-service teachers may assessment in various contexts
be asked to present their analysis to and teaching areas.
the class. Facilitate discussion such Output: reflection paper with
that pre-service teachers connect summary of the story.
the case with course material.

Interactive instruction using

flowcharts or concept maps.

Assessment in Learning 2 74
 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 2 – Performance Assessment Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
Week 5-8 teacher (PST) can:
Interactive instruction and Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
a. design and develop A. What and why of performance facilitated discussion using SOLO reflective journal
performance tasks using the 5.1.1 [2] assessment hexagons or SOLO maps. This will
1. Meaning and nature Performance Task and Rubric
Goal, Role, Audience, Situation, introduce the pre-service teachers 5.1.1
development.
Products, Standards (GRASPS) - Purpose of performance to the SOLO model and provide 5.2.1
Pre-service teachers will develop a
model; assessment them a framework on formulating
- Types of performance tasks and developing constructively- performance task and scoring
rubric, containing appropriate
b. develop appropriate assessment 5.1.1 [2] o Process-based aligned outcomes, tasks and
o Products-based indicators. (For more information weighted criteria (indicators),
rubrics or customize existing descriptors for interpretation and
ones to fit the desired outcome; 2. Principles of performance on SOLO Taxonomy, refer to
assessment Supplementary Resources.) aligned standards.
and Process: aligned and objective
statement of criteria (indicators)
B. Developing Performance Tasks Explicit instruction on the
c. interpret performance 5.2.1 [2] 1. Designing performance tasks development of performance tasks Output: Developed performance
task using GRASPS model and
assessment data/ results for 5.5.1 [5] 2. Goal, Role, Audience, Situation, and appropriate rubrics.
monitoring and evaluating Products, Standards (GRASPS) corresponding rubric
learner achievement to improve model: A guide to developing
learner performance and inform authentic performance tasks
instruction. 3. Differentiating performance
tasks for diverse learners
4. Scoring Rubrics
- Types
- Components
- Development
- Interpretation and utilization
Midterm Week

At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 3 – Authentic Assessment of Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
Week 9- teacher (PST) can: the Affective Domain
11
Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
A. Affective Targets Literature review or research reflective journal
a. select appropriately developed,
high quality affective assessment 1. Attitudes report.
2. Interests Pre-service teachers will be asked Poster presentation. Pre-service
tools; 5.1.1 [2] 1.1.1 [1]
3. Motivation to look for recent researches on the teachers in small groups will
5.1.1 [1]
4. Values various affective targets as well as succinctly and effectively
b. use target- and learner-
appropriate affective assessment 5.1.1 [2] 5. Self-concept researches on the selection, communicate their research
6. Locus of control development, utilization and output selection, development,
methods and tools; and
7. Self-efficacy interpretation of affective utilization and interpretation of
8. Anxiety assessment methods and tools in affective assessments using a
5.2.1 [2]

Assessment in Learning 2 75
 c. interpret performance assessment 5.5.1 [5] 9. Creativity the context of teaching and/or combination of text, graphs and
data/ results for monitoring and 10. Epistemological beliefs learning. Research shall be graphic elements.
evaluating learner achievement to summarized in terms of the
improve learner performance and B. Appropriate methods Problem, Theories, Methodology, Process: assessment of content
inform instruction. 1. Types Findings and Discussion of Results. and delivery using rubrics
2. Selection Outputs: Poster, annotated
3. Development bibliography and collection of
4. Interpretation and utilization samples of affective assessment
tools
C. Other Affective Measures and
Assessments
1. Non-test Indicators
2. Transversal Competencies
3. 21st Century Skills

Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 4 – Communicating Authentic Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
12-16 teacher (PST) can: Assessment Results
Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
a. design and develop portfolios for A. Effective Communication Jigsaw collaborative information reflective journal
authentic assessment of learning 1. What to communicate sharing.
5.1.1 [3]
outcomes; 2. Why communicate Pre-service teachers are organized Portfolio development. Pre-
5.5.1 [2]
3. How to communicate into small groups, and each one is service teachers will design and
b. report, punctually and accurately, - Managing message quality provided with one of the smaller develop their respective portfolios
5.3.1 [3]
results of assessment of learner - Managing interpersonal parts of information. Pre-service for the course based on the
5.4.1 [4]
academic performance and dynamics teachers work together to learning contract.
achievement in the form of understand the information they
B. Portfolio as a Communication are provided. They also discuss and Peer review assessment and
grades, marks, descriptors or 5.1.1 [2]
Medium rehearse how to share this feedbacking. Pre-service teachers
narratives; and 5.3.1 [3]
1. Portfolios and authentic knowledge with others who do not are allocated work from 2 or 3
peers. They are to assess the work 5.4.1 [4]
c. articulate to parents learning assessment have the information. Then, new
5.4.1 [4]
- Nature and characteristics groups are formed, each being and provide objective, accurate,
needs, progress and behavior of
- Analyzing the key components made up of a single pre-service constructive and sincere feedback
the learners during a parent-
teacher conference or other of portfolios teacher from each of the original for improvement.
2. Types and uses groups. In these new groups, each Process: ability to evaluate and
appropriate situation.
3. ePortfolios 'expert' pre-service teacher shares provide feedback on others’ work
their knowledge with the rest of the Output: Portfolio based on
C. Grading and Reporting group who may ask questions to agreed-upon artifacts/contents
1. Nature, purpose and rationale clarify meaning. and peer assessment feedback.
for assigning grades
2. Grading Systems Role playing. Pre-service teachers 5.4.1 [4]
Learning contract for portfolio
- Letter grades development role playing will simulate a parent-teacher
- Percentage grades activity. conference focused on

Assessment in Learning 2 76
 o Averaging A learning contract is an agreement communicating learners needs,
o Cumulative between a learner and teacher to performance and achievement.
- Verbal descriptors help direct and monitor students’ Pre-service teachers will be
- Checklists learning. This will serve as a basis of encouraged to incorporate
- Narrative reports setting expectations and agreement nuances of real-life PT conference
3. Reporting to Parents upon the contents of the portfolio for distribution of report cards.
- Report cards and details of the role playing Process: ability to preside a
- Parent-teacher conference activity. parent-teacher conference and
- Other communications communicate assessment results
At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 5 –Assessment of One’s Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
Week 17 teacher (PST) can: Teaching Practice
Unit learning log or 1.1.1 [1]
reflective journal.

a. demonstrate reflective self- A.Reflective Practice Using Learner Colloquium with resource person Written narrative.
5.5.1 [5] 7.4.1
assessment, using learner Attainment Data from the field. A basic education Pre-service teachers will be asked
7.4.1 [6]
assessment data and other 1. Learners’ test scores master teacher, a school head or a to write a narrative on what
reflection aids, for purposes of 2. Learners’ non-test data and colleague may be invited to give a transpired in the colloquium
adjusting one’s teaching practices other information first-hand account on the principles capped with insights on the
and for purposes of growing in and actual conduct of reflection different purposes of professional
the profession (advancing in the B. Reflective Practice Through about teaching practice and reflection.
career stage); Performance Evaluation professional development based on
Output: Brief written narrative
1. Students as Evaluators with insights.
assessment feedback.
b. explain how professional 7.4.1 [6] 2. Peers as Evaluators
reflection and learning can be 3. Supervisors as Evaluators
used to improve teaching
practice.

Finals Week

Assessment in Learning 2 77
 List of References

Cajigal, Ronan M. & Mantuano, Maria Leflor D. (2014) Assessment of Learning 1. Adriana Publishing Co. Inc. Quezon City,

Philippines. Cajigal, Ronan M. & Mantuano, Maria Leflor D. (2014) Assessment of Learning 2. Adriana Publishing Co. Inc. Quezon

City, Phili ppines.

Department Order No. 8, series of 2015 – Policy Guidelines on Classroom Assessment for K to 12 Basic Education Program. Available online:
http://www.deped.gov.ph/wp- content/uploads/2015/04/DO_s2015_08.pdf

Frey, Bruce B., Schmitt, Vicki L., & Justin P. Allen (2012). Defining Authentic Classroom Assessment. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 17(2). Available
online:
http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=17&n=2

Gabuyo, Y.A. (2012) Assessment of Learning I. Rex Book Store, Inc., Manila, Philippines.

Gabuyo, Y.A. (2012) Assessment of Learning II. Rex Book Store, Inc., Manila,

Philippines.

Gulikers, Judith T.M., Bastiaens, Theo J., & Kirschner, Paul A. (2004). A five-dimensional framework for authentic assessment. Educational technology research and development, 52(3),
67.
Retrieved from https://sci-hub. tw/10. 1007/BF02504676

McCoach, D. B., Gable, R. K., & Madura, J. P. (2013). Instrument Development in the Affective Domain. Springer, New York, NY. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7135-
6

McTighe, Jay (2011) Performance Task PD with Jay McTighe [Blog post]. Retrieved from

https://blog.performancetask.com/ Mueller, Jon F. (2016). Authentic Assessment Toolbox. Retrieved from

http://jfmueller.faculty.noctrl.edu/toolbox/index.htm

Navarro, R.L. & Santos, R.G. (2012) Authentic Assessment of Student Learning Outcomes (Assessment 1), 2e. Lorimar Publishing, Inc., Quezon City,

Philippines. Navarro, R.L. & Santos, R.G. (2013) Authentic Assessment of Student Learning Outcomes (Assessment 2), 2e. Lorimar Publishing, Inc., Quezon

City, Philippines. Popham, W.J. (2017) Classroom Assessment: What Teachers Need to Know, 8e. Pearson Publishing

Sridharan, Bhavani & Jamie, Mustard. (2016). Authentic Assessment Methods: A Practical Handbook for Teaching Staff Part-I, Deakin University. Retrieved

Assessment in Learning 2 78
Supplementary Reading:

Allen, Russ (n.d.) Performance assessment. Retrieved from http://weac.org/articles/performance-assessment/

Wiggins, Grant (2011) A True Test: Toward More Authentic and Equitable Assessment. Phi Delta Kappan, 92(7), 81-93. Available online: https://doi.org/10. 1177%2F003172171109200721

McNamara, J., Larkin, I., & Beatson, A. (2009, November). Poster presentations: authentic assessment of work integrated learning. In ATN Assessment Conference 2009: Assessment in Different
Dimensions (Vol. 253). Available online: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.475.8063&rep=rep1&type=pdf#page=253
Lombardi, M. M. (2008). Making the grade: The role of assessment in authentic learning. EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative, 1-16. Available online:
http://146.186.15.14/ users/j/m/jmd394/saw4/infoseek/makingthegrade.pdf

Marzano, R. J., Pickering, D., & McTighe, J. (1993). Assessing Student Outcomes: Performance Assessment Using the Dimensions of Learning Model. Association for Supervision and Curriculum
Development, 1250 N. Pitt St., Alexandria, VA 22314 (Stock Number 611-93179, $13.95). Available online: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED461665.pdf

Apple, D. K., Baehr, M., &Beyerlein, S. W. (2005). Assessment methodology. Faculty Guidebook: A comprehensive Tool for Faculty Performance . Available online:
https://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/ele/Scholars/Practices/Assessment/Resources/Assessment_Methodology.pdf

Wren, Douglas G. (2015) Assessing 21st-Century Skills With Performance Tasks: The Five-Year Journey of a Large School Division. Virginia Educational Leadership 12, 37-55. Available online:
https://cae.org/images/uploads/pdf/Asse ssing_21st_Century_Ski lls_with_Performance_Tasks.pdf

WEAC (n.d.) Performance assessment. WEAC Instruction and Professional Development Division. Retrieved from: http://weac.org/articles/performance-

assessment/ Heidi Andrade, Kristen Huff & Georgia Brooke (n.d.) Assessing Learning: The Students at the Center Series. Students at the Center (Website).

Available online:
https://sResources:
Supplementary tudentsatthecenterhub.org/resource/assessing -learning -the-student-at-the-center-series/

McTighe & Associates Consulting website (2019). Resources available online: https://jaymctighe.com/resources/

Arter, J. (2000). Rubrics, Scoring Guides, and Performance Criteria: Classroom Tools for Assessing and Improving Student Lear ning. Available online:
https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED446100.pdf

Hook, Pam (2015) First steps with SOLO taxonomy: Applying the model in your classroom. Essential Resources Educational Publis hers Ltd. Available

online: Hook, Pam (2015) SOLO Hexagons. HookED Wiki [Website]. Available online: http://pamhook.com/wiki/SOLO_Hexagons

Hook, Pam (2015) SOLO Maps. HookED Wiki [Website]. Available online: http://pamhook.com/how-to-use-solo-maps/

Race, Phil (2019) Downloads – Phil Race: Assessment, learning and teaching in higher education. Available online: https://phil-race.co.uk/most-popular-

downloads/ UCD (2018) A-Z Index of Teaching Resources. UCD Teaching & Learning. Available online: http://www.ucd.ie/teaching/resources/a-zindex/

Sridharan, Bhavani & Jamie, Mustard (2015) Authentic Assessment Methods: A Practical Handbook for Teaching Staff, Deakin University. Available online:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289996648_Authentic_Assessment_Methods_A_Practical_Handbook_for_Teaching_Staff_Part-I_Deakin_University

Assessment in Learning 2 79
 Detailed Descriptions of Assessment Methods Employed (adapted from Sridharan & Mustard, 2015)

Assessment Method Description

Annotated Bibliography An annotated bibliography (or webliography) requires students to demonstrate skills on effective written communication in
order to give a brief summary of research that has been completed on a particular topic. It comprises a collection of
bibliographic data with a concise summary of each source and some assessment of its value or relevance. Example evidence
criteria for an annotated bibliography include: clear and concise communication to paraphrase and/or summarize the
content, relevance and significance of a set of research articles, etc.

Concept map A concept map is a visualization that helps viewers to understand relationships between concepts and build new
knowledge through the connections. Concept maps have been identified as an effective tool for evaluating critical thinking
skills in analyzing, evaluating, reasoning and establishing links between concepts. Example evidence criteria include:
concept visualization, organization of links between concepts, representation of knowledge, evaluation and reasoning, etc.

Design an assessment rubric Designing an assessment rubric requires thorough understanding of learning outcomes, expectations and acceptable standard
levels. Developing and designing an effective rubric requires analytical thinking skills. Students will be given an assessment
task and a rubric template. They will then formulate weighted criteria, descriptors and standards. Examples of evidence criteria
include: appropriateness, clarity, articulation of descriptors, etc.

Learning Contract A learning contract is an agreement between a student and teacher to help direct and monitor the students’ learning. Aspects
of learning contracts require students to show self-directed and independent learning skills and take responsibility for their
learning. Learning contracts involve providing structured guidelines on learning content and processes. Some of the key
aspects in learning contracts include: achievable expectations; understanding and empathy; accommodation of differences in
learning styles, cultural background, and personalities, etc. Some example assessment methods/artefacts include: turning up
for classes, class participation, observation, meeting minutes, journal logs, proposals, reports, team contracts, and team ground
rule documents, etc. Examples of evidence criteria for learning contracts include: meeting expectations, timely delivery of
output, content quality, and effective communication, etc.

Learning Log A learning log requires a student to keep track of their learning process by providing log entries for each learning activity or
session. They could document how a student solved problems, any mistakes or false starts they encountered, highlights of
their learning, how they closed gaps in their knowledge, and strategies or approaches that were useful. Students could be
asked to submit their original version of the log or a refined version of the log for summative assessment.

Mini case study (a.k.a. Mini case record) A mini case study is a shorter form of case study focusing on less complex problems. Mini case studies require students
to demonstrate critical and/or creative thinking skills in finding solutions to real-world problems. Mini case studies can be
implemented via a number of assessment methods such as oral presentation, written report, role-play, debate, etc.

Assessment in Learning 2 80
Peer assessment Peer assessment requires students to demonstrate critical thinking and effective communication by providing assessment
feedback to their peers to enhance their learning. Students are allocated work (complete or extracts) from 2 or 3 peers.
They assess the work and provide objective, accurate, constructive, sincere and sensitive feedback for improvement.
Examples of evidence criteria include: relevance, clarity, articulation, etc. (Note: This is most appropriate in individual work -
product context.)

Portfolio A portfolio is a collection of self-chosen work that exhibits a student’s effort, progress and achievement. Examples of
evidence criteria include: selection, organization, reflection, alignment, connection with learning outcomes, creativity, and
reflection exhibiting depth, breadth and growth of student’s cognitive and emotional skills.

Reflective Journal A reflective journal requires students to critically analyze their progress and identify behavioral, attitudinal and/or other
changes that could promote future development. A reflective journal involves writing regular (weekly or fortnightly) journal
entries. In order to move beyond purely descriptive reflections, pre-service teachers could relate the content of their entries to
the course learning outcomes, the Beginning Teacher Indicators, research literature or other frames of reference. Examples of
evidence criteria for reflective journals include: breadth and/or depth of reflection; critical thinking; focus, coherence and flow
of ideas;
etc. Example artefacts could include: research notes, personal comments, quotes, insights, mistakes, incidences,
sketches, photos, etc.
Research Poster A research poster requires students to communicate their research succinctly and effectively using a combination of text,
graphs, tables and other graphic elements. The conceptualization, design and construction of a research poster require
students to demonstrate critical thinking skills in synthesizing their research outcomes, and creative communication skills to
accurately, appropriately and adequately convey research ideas to the target audience. Examples of evidence criteria include:
clarity of purpose: accuracy and clarity of research methods and findings, organization, self-explanatory representation, etc.

Role playing exercises Role-playing exercises require students to perform the role of a character (e.g. teacher, learner, service provider, client) in a
particular scenario. Choosing real-life scenarios helps to prepare students for professional life. Example evidence criteria for
role playing assessment include: clear and effective oral communication through preparation and presentation of the
character, achievement of purpose, capturing and maintaining audience interest, use of non-verbal cues (mannerism, eye
contact, costumes, etc.), involvement (immersion into the character), credibility, clarity in speech (correct volume and
inflection), etc.

Assessment in Learning 2 81
 The Teacher and the School Curriculum

Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised

Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted
Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes
6.2.a. Articulate the rootedness of education in philosophical, socio-cultural, historical, psychological and political contexts
6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline
6.2.g. Practice professional and ethical teaching standards sensitive to the changing local, national, and global realities
6.2.h. Pursue life-long learning for personal and professional growth through varied experiential and field-based opportunities

Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's
Name
Schedule Office
Designation
Time Office Hours

Venue Office 82
Telephone
Term E-mail Address

82
 Course Information
Course Name The Teacher and the School Course Code
Curriculum
Pre-requisite Subject Course Credit
Course Requirements
• Major Exams
• Summative quizzes
• Per unit outputs as specified in the assessment
• End of course learning log (reflective journal) and portfolio
Grading System

Course Description BTIs covered

This course includes the study of the fundamental research-based concepts and principles in curriculum and curriculum development as a 1.1.1
foundation to engage prospective teachers as curricularists. It also focuses on the more active role of the teacher in plann ing 1.2.1
a developmentally-sequenced teaching-learning process; identifying constructively-aligned learning outcomes and competencies; 3.5.1
contextualizing, localizing and indigenizing curricula; implementing relevant and responsive learning programs; and evaluating the 4.1.1
curriculum towards its improvement. The teachers’ individual, collegial and collaborative roles in managing school curriculum change vis 4.2.1
-à-vis various contexts of teaching-learning, curricular requirements and curricular reforms shall also be given emphasis. 4.3.1

Course Learning Outcomes BTIs covered

At the end of the course, pre-service teachers should be able to:

[1] demonstrate research-based knowledge of the concepts, theories and principles in curriculum and curriculum development 1.1.1, 1.2.1
within and/or across curriculum teaching areas;
[2] demonstrate skills in designing and developing constructively-aligned and developmentally-sequenced learning programs, 4.1.1; 4.2.1
experiences and instructional processes consistent with curricular needs;
[3] demonstrate knowledge in implementing contextualized learning programs and/or instructional plans that are relevant and 4.3.1
responsive to the needs of diverse learners;
[4] demonstrate knowledge of teaching strategies that are inclusive of learners from indigenous groups; 3.5.1
[5] demonstrate skills in the selection and use of tools appropriate for monitoring, critiquing and assessing instructional plans; and 1.1.1
seek advice concerning strategies that can enrich teaching practice. 4.4.1

The Teacher and the School Curriculum 83

 Time Intended Learning Outcomes BTIs Content Suggested Teaching Learning Suggested Assessment BTIs
Allotment (ILOs) CLOs Activities CLOs
Week 1-2 At the end of Unit I, pre-service Unit I. Nature of the Curriculum Lecture(s) on the definition and Reflection Paper. Each pre-service 1.1.1 [1]
teachers should be able to: major conceptions of curriculum teacher will write a short reflection
a. define the major A. Definition conducted by the teacher or paper on ideas that they learned
conceptions of 1.1.1 [1] B. Major Conceptions (types, designated reporters to give pre- from the teacher’s discussion and
curriculum; components, purpose) service teachers background and from the fishbowl activity.
1.1.1 [1] general ideas on what curriculum is 1.1.1 [1]
b. and analyze the nature and how people see it. Summative quizzes and a unit test
of the curriculum. may be done to ensure that pre-
Fishbowl Technique. service teachers are familiar with key
In a Fishbowl discussion, pre-service concepts and terminology related to
teachers seated inside the “fishbowl” the nature of curriculum.
actively participate in a discussion by
asking questions and sharing their
conceptions on the nature of
curriculum, while pre-service teachers
standing/ seated outside listen
carefully to the ideas presented. Pre-
service teachers take turns in these
roles, so that they practise being both
contributors and listeners in a group
discussion.

Week 3-5 At the end of Unit II, pre-service Unit II. Foundations of Curriculum Lectures and Interactive Class Presentation/Recitation. Pre- 1.1.1 [1]
teachers should be able to: Discussions on the four foundations service teachers demonstrate their
a. discuss how the different of curriculum knowledge through discussion of the
foundations of A. Philosophical Foundations different curriculum foundations
curriculum have shaped 1.1.1 [1] B. Psychological Foundations 1.1.1 [1]
the current conceptions C. Historical-Sociological Group Reporting. Each group will
in curriculum; and Foundations present a timeline (the teacher could
D. Legal Foundations Gallery Walk to enable pre-service assign different groups to specific
b. gather information on 4.4.1 [6] teachers to identify the different portions/coverage of the timeline)
how a school develops foundations of curriculum and will be graded on how well they
its curriculum to enrich relate the timeline to the different
teaching practice. foundations of curriculum. 4.4.1 [6]

Interview Write-up. Pre-service

Historical Timeline of Philippine teachers, individually or in small
Curriculum through the Years. Pre- groups, write-up key interview
service teachers will construct a findings related to how the VGMO
timeline and explain how the

The Teacher and the School Curriculum 84

 changes in curriculum through the and curriculum were developed in
years were influenced by the order to enrich teaching practice.
different foundations of curriculum.

School Visit: Interview of School

Official on their VMGO and their
curriculum and how they developed
these towards enriching teaching
practice

Week 6-11 At the end of Unit III, pre-service Unit III. Phases and Process of A.1 Lectures and Interactive Preparing learning outcomes 4.2.1 [2]
teachers should be able to: Curriculum Development Discussions on curriculum aligned to learning competencies.
a. demonstrate knowledge 4.1.1 [2] A. Curriculum Planning planning. The pre-service teachers will apply
of curriculum planning, 1. Elements of curriculum the elements of curriculum planning
design and organization, planning A.2 Class Discussion with Sample in preparing learning outcomes
implementation, Curriculum. The elements of aligned with specific learning
evaluation and curriculum planning can be competencies. The teacher may give
improvement; and reinforced and consolidated varied contexts i.e. learning
through examination of sample outcomes for specific learning levels
b. prepare 4.2.1 [2] curricula (may include school in different teaching areas.
developmentally- curricula, syllabi, lesson plans)
sequenced lesson plans and discussion of the elements
with well-aligned of curriculum planning that are
learning outcomes and identified.
competencies based on
curriculum requirements.
B. Curriculum Design and B.1 Lectures and Interactive Set of Developmentally- 4.1.1 [2]
Organization Discussions on Curriculum Sequenced Lesson Plans. Pre- 4.2.1 [2]
1. Approaches in Design and Organization service teachers will prepare a
curriculum designing developmentally-sequenced set of
2. Types of curriculum B.2 Document Review/ Analysis: K to lesson plans with well-aligned
design 12 Curriculum Guide focusing learning outcomes and
3. Elements of designing on sequencing, spiraling, and competencies based on curriculum
4. Components of integration of lessons. requirements.
curriculum design 1. Simulation Writeshop:
Vertical and Horizontal
Articulation
2. Analysis: Designs and
Patterns of Different
Existing Curricula

The Teacher and the School Curriculum 85

 B.3 The teacher may choose from the
activities below to develop pre-
service teachers’ understanding
of curriculum designing and
organizing:
1. comparative analysis of
curriculum approaches;
2. completion of matrix of
the different types of
curriculum design;
3. discussion of the different
elements of curriculum
designs; and/or
4. selection of the different
components of curriculum
designing.

C. Curriculum Implementation C.1 Lectures and Interactive 1.1.1 [1]

1. Models of Discussions on Curriculum Research on the Implementation
implementation Implementation of Different Learning Programs
2. Change processes (Local and Foreign/International).
3. Institutionalization C.2 Cooperative/Collaborative Pre-service teachers will examine at
Writeshop: Lesson Planning least 2 different learning programs or
curricula and explain features of the
C.3 The teacher may choose from the programs/curricula that make them
activities below to develop pre- successful, and suggest ways that the
service teachers’ knowledge in programs/curricula could be
the implementation of relevant improved or adapted.
and responsive learning
programs:
1. comparative analysis of
the different
implementation models;
2. debate:
Advantages/Disadvantage
s of the K to 12
curriculum; and/or
3. personal reflection on pre-
service teachers’
experiences with the K to
12 curriculum.

The Teacher and the School Curriculum 86

 D. Curriculum Evaluation D. The teacher may choose from the 1.1.1 [1]
1. Reasons for evaluation activities below to develop pre- Research Poster showcasing
2. Types of evaluation service teachers’ knowledge in different examples of research 1.2.1 [1]
3. Evaluation models curriculum evaluation: studies on curriculum evaluation.
1. group presentation of the Pre-service teachers will examine and
reasons for evaluation; precis 3-5 research journal articles
2. lecture/discussion of the from a teacher-specified set that
different types of demonstrate a range of different
evaluation; and/or methodological approaches.
3. presentation/gallery walk
(to view evaluation
models)

E. Curriculum Improvement 1.1.1 [1]

1. Levels of curriculum E.1 Lectures and Interactive Reflection paper: My role in the
improvement Discussions on Curriculum implementation and improvement of
2. Approaches to Improvement the curriculum
curriculum improvement
E.2 Mini research review, in small 1.1.1 [1]
groups, involving reporting on Unit Test to assess pre-service
research abstracts from journal teachers’ content knowledge on
articles on curriculum curriculum planning, design,
improvement. organization, evaluation and
improvement
E.3 Completion of Matrix of
Improvement

E.4 Panel Discussion/ Resource

Speaker: Role of Teachers in
Curriculum Evaluation and
Curriculum Improvement

Week At the end of Unit IV, pre-service Unit IV. Trends and Issues on
12-16 teachers should be able to: Curriculum and Curriculum
a. demonstrate research- 1.1.1 [1] Development
based knowledge on the Lectures and Interactive Annotated Bibliography. Preservice 1.1.1 [1]
different trends and 1.2.1 [1] A. Researches on Curriculum Discussions on national and teachers prepare an annotated 1.2.1 [1]
issues on curriculum and Development (local) international research, trends and bibliography on seminal and/or
curriculum development; contemporary research on

The Teacher and the School Curriculum 87

b. demonstrate knowledge 4.3.1 [3] B. Researches on Curriculum issues on curriculum and curriculum curriculum development in national
on the contextualization/ Development development and international contexts. The
localization of the (foreign/international) research shall have been published in
curriculum in the C. Contextualization of the research journals and the
implementation of Curriculum Lectures and Interactive annotations shall succinctly
relevant and responsive D. Curriculum Indigenization Discussions on the document the Context, Research
learning programs; and E. Curriculum Localization contextualization, localization and Problem, Theories, Methodology,
indigenization of the curriculum in Findings and Discussion of Results.
c. demonstrate knowledge 3.5.1 [4] the implementation of relevant and The annotated bibliography should
of teaching strategies responsive learning programs be based on 3-5 research articles
that are inclusive of that demonstrate differences in the
learners from indigenous The teacher may choose from the Context, Research Problem, and
groups. activities below to prepare pre- Methodology. It is recommended
service teachers in developing that the teacher provide a list of
contextualized and indigenized research journal articles for the pre-
lesson plans: service teacher to choose from.
1. presentation of research
abstracts; Lesson plan compilation. The pre- 4.1.1 [2]
2. presentation of a contextualized service teachers will prepare a 4.3.1 [3]
lesson that they developed to compilation of developmentally- 3.5.1 [4]
meet curriculum requirements of sequenced lesson plans which
their discipline; and/or showcase their skills in
3. presentation of an indigenized/ contextualizing, localizing and/or
localized sample lesson. indigenizing lessons based on the
different trends and issues in
curriculum development.
FINAL EXAMINATION WEEK

The Teacher and the School Curriculum 88

 List of References

Aldinger, Cynthia (2015). Life is the Curriculum. Create Space Independent Pub.
Bago, Adelaida L. (2008). Curriculum Development: the Philippine Experience . 2008
Estes (2015). Instruction: a models approach. 7th ed. Pearson (D).
Flinder. (2012). The curriculum studies reader , 4th ed. Routledge.
Glatthorn, Allan. (2012). Curriculum leadership: strategies for development and implementation. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications.
Henderson, (2014). Reconceptualizing curriculum development: inspiring and informing action. Routledge.
Helbowitsh, Peter S. (2013). Basic Principles of Curriculum and instruction. Chicago. The University of Chicago
Press.
Lemlech, Johanna Kasin. (2010). Curriculum and Instructional Methods for the Elementary and Middle School . Allyn and Bacon.
Marsh, Colin, J. (2004). Key concepts for Understanding Curriculum. Oxon. Routledge Falmer.
Milman (2013). Teaching Models: designing instructions for 21st Century learners. Pearson Education.
Ornstein (2016). Curriculum: foundations, principles, and issues with enhanced Pearson e-text access. Pearson Education.S; Slattery, 2012. Curriculum
development in the postmodern era: teaching and learning in the age of accountability . http://www.khayma.com/muhannad/Dr%20Amer
%20lectures/curiculum%20lectures%20en/curriculum%20concepts%20nature%20and%20purposes.pdf

The Teacher and the School Curriculum 89

 The Teacher and the Community, School Culture and Organizational Leadership

Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised

Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted
Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes
6.2.a. Articulate the rootedness of education in philosophical, socio-cultural, historical, psychological and political contexts.
6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline.

Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's
Name
Schedule Office
Designation
Time Office Hours

Venue Office
Telephone
Term E-mail Address

90
 Course Information
Course Name The Teacher and the Community, Course Code
School Culture and Organizational
Leadership
Pre-requisite Subject Course Credit 3 units, 3 hrs./wk. (18 weeks, 54 hrs. total)
Course Requirements
• Major Exams
• Summative quizzes
• Per unit outputs as specified in the assessment
• End of course learning log (reflective journal) and portfolio (compilation of outputs) from each unit.
Grading System

Course Description BTIs

covered
This course focuses on society as a context upon which schools have been established. Educational philosophies that are related
to the society as a foundation of schools and schooling shall be emphasized. Further, principles and theories on school culture 1.1.1, 6.4.1
and organizational leadership, and school policies and procedures shall be included to prepare prospective teachers to become
school leaders and managers.

Course Learning Outcomes BTIs

covered
At the end of the course, pre-service teachers should be able to:

[1] demonstrate knowledge and understanding of relevant and responsive learning environments in various 1.1.1; 6.1.1
community contexts;
[2] seek advice concerning strategies that build relationships with parents/guardians and the wider 6.2.1
community; [3] seek opportunities to establish professional links with colleagues;
[4] demonstrate knowledge and understanding of school policies and procedures to foster harmonious relationships with 7.3.1
the wider school community;
[5] demonstrate awareness of existing laws and regulations that apply to the teaching profession in relation to the 6.4.1
wider school community; and 6.3.1
[6] demonstrate familiarity with the responsibilities specified in the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers. 6.3.1

The Teacher and the Community, School Culture and Organizational Leadership 91
 Time Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) BTIs Content Suggested Teaching Learning Suggested Assessment BTIs
Allotmen CLOs Activities CLOs
t
Week 1-4 At the end of this introduction, pre- Introduction to Society, Summative quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
service teachers should be able to: Community and Education-
a. define basic concepts necessary Defining the Basic Concept
to understanding the course 1.1.1 [1]
Basic Concepts to be defined: Buzz Session. As a starter activity, Small group presentation of outputs.
1. Society PSTs have group discussions on the KWL chart may be used to organize
1.1.1 [1]
2. Community class discussion. PSTs will express:
meaning of the basic concepts and
What they Know, what they Want to
3. Education share their expectations on what the know, and what they Learned.
4. Social Interaction subject will be all about. Outputs will be presented to the class.
5. School Culture Brief Introductory lecture on the Oral discourse. PSTs will define and
definitions of essential terms needed describe their understanding of the
Unit 1 – Society and Education for the course basic concepts.
At the end of Unit 1, pre-service
teachers should be able to: 6.1.1 [1]
E. Philosophical Perspectives
a. describe the manifestations of
• Classical
various educational philosophies
- Idealism
Philosophies Preliminary Reading and Research.
and applications of sociological Small group presentation of
- Realism The PSTs will be required to do
theories in practical classroom outputs. Groups choose an 6.1.1 [1]
- Existentialism research and preliminary reading on
situations in response to appropriate graphic organizer to
- Pragmatism the philosophical and sociological
community contexts; and describe how philosophies and
• Modern Philosophies perspectives on education in the
- Perennialism sociological theories are manifested
b. explain the importance of 6.1.1 [1] context of the community.
- Progressivism in the practical classroom situation
different philosophies and - Humanism in response to community contexts.
sociological theories to Active learning and facilitated
• Post Modern Philosophies Process: discussion of concepts and
discussion.
education and how they change effective use of charts and/or
PSTs, in small groups, will create
the education landscape in F. Sociological Perspectives diagrams
graphic organizers showing their
response to the needs of the 1. Social Dimensions of Output: appropriate graphic
insights gained from research and
society and the community. Education organizer
readings.
- Consensus and Conflict
Teacher-facilitated discussion to
Theories Essay . PSTs will write an essay
summarize and consolidate researches
- Structural Functionalism explaining how education was 6.1.1 [1]
- Interactionist Theories and reforms in education.
shaped by the philosophical and
2. Schools and Social Institutions Learner-centered discussion will
highlight how the philosophical and sociological perspectives of the
- Family time, focusing on how education
- Education sociological perspectives are
responds to the needs of the
- Religion demonstrated in practical classroom
society and community.
- Economic Institutions situations.
- Government

The Teacher and the Community, School Culture and Organizational Leadership 92
 3. Education 4.0: Responding
to the demands of Society

G.Educational Reforms: The K to Document Analysis. 6.1.1 [1]

12 Curriculum Example PSTs will analyze existing documents, Panel discussion PSTs present and
reports, primers on the Enhanced Basic explain the importance of the
Education Curriculum (K to 12 different philosophies and
Curriculum). The focus of the analysis sociological theories to education
would be the identification of the and how they change the
philosophical and sociological education landscape in response to
contributors to the change in the needs of the society and the
curriculum. community.

Interview of School Heads. An

interview of school head(s) may also
be conducted to provide supplemental
information.

Week 5-7 At the end of Unit 2, pre-service Unit 2 - School as a Social System
teachers should be able to:
A.Social Systems Model Semantic webbing and concept Small group presentation of
mapping. outputs. Groups choose how they 1.1.1 [1]
a. discuss the basic concepts of 1.1.1 [1]
school as a social system and B. Key Elements of School as a PSTs may be arranged in small groups will present their semantic webs
Social System and each group given keywords from and/or concept maps. The output 6.4.1 [4]
how they impact individual
1. Structure which they will develop semantic webs should convey basic concepts of
learners, classrooms, schools and
2. Individual and/or concept maps regarding school as a social system. PSTs
the larger community;
3. Culture concepts of school as a social system. should take turns discussing their
4. Politics Facilitated discussion may then work to the class focusing on how
b. describe social interactions and 6.4.1 [4]
5. Technical Core: Teaching and proceed on how the school as social school as social system impacts
their importance in building
Learning system impacts relationships among relationships among individual
harmonious relationship with the
6. Environment individual learners, classrooms, schools learners, classrooms, schools and
wider school community;
7. Outcomes and the larger community. the larger community.
8. Feedback Loops
c. seek advice concerning 6.2.1 [2]
strategies that build relationships -
- External
Internal 6.2.1 [2]
with parents/guardians and the
wider community; and
C. The School as a Community Interview teachers in the field. Presentation of outputs. PSTs, in 7.3.1 [3]
d. seek opportunities to establish 7.3.1 [3] PSTs may interview basic education small groups, present consolidated
D. School as a Learning teachers, master teachers and school
professional links with colleagues and summarized results of their
Community
in the school community. heads/administrators with questions interview with basic education
1. Community of Practice
focusing on: teachers, master teachers and
school heads/administrators.

The Teacher and the Community, School Culture and Organizational Leadership 93
 2. School Learning Action Cells 1. mechanisms (strategies) that the
(SLAC): Professional Learning school takes to create linkages Emphasis will be given to strategies
Communities and harmonious relationships with in:
parents, guardians and other 1. seeking advice concerning
stakeholders; strategies that build
2. how teachers establish and harmonious relationships with
promote professional links with parents/guardians and the
their colleagues; and wider community; and
3. how school learning action cell 2. seeking opportunities to
(SLAC) sessions improve establish professional links
professional relations and with colleagues in the school
development. community.
Week At the end of Unit 3, pre-service Unit 3 - The Teacher and the
8-10 teachers should be able to: Community

a. Identify the stakeholders as 1.1.1 [1] A.External Environments and Facilitated discussion using graphic Investigative research. PSTs
Accountability of Schools organizers and multimedia conduct investigative research in 1.1.1 [1]
integral environmental
resource of the wider school 1. Resource-Dependence presentations. the immediate community of a
Perspective Active learning activities like jigsaw, target school. The focus of the 6.1.1 [1]
community;
- General Environmental panel discussion may alternatively be investigation will be the
b. discuss the sociological 6.1.1 [1] Resources employed. interaction/relationship of the
- Availability of Resources school and the external
considerations affecting the
- Dependence environment, as well as, the various
learning environment and the
2. Administering Resource stakeholders as part of the larger
wider school community in
Environments school community.
relation to the external
environment and other
B. Adapting to External Document review with discussion.
factors; Environment
An annotated review of the various
1. National Standards and
c. reflect on laws and regulations 6.3.1 [5] frameworks and standards affecting Debate. PSTs will be assigned to
Frameworks 6.1.1 [1]
that apply to teachers in the schools, specific provisions of the groups to discuss topics/problems
2. Internationalization
context of the community; and Code of Ethics for Professional about adapting to the external
3. Globalization
Teachers and the Education Act of environment. The focus will be the
d. demonstrate understanding 6.3.1 [6] 1982 will serve as pros and cons of adapting change
a springboard for active discussion. and the sociological factors
of the teachers’
responsibilities to the state affecting the school in relation to
and the community as community contexts (i.e. local,
specified in the Code of Ethics national & international).
C. The Teacher and the
for Professional Teachers Community
Role playing. PSTs, in groups, will 6.3.1 [6]
D. The Teacher and the State portray to the class the relationship
and responsibilities of the teacher
to the state and the community as

The Teacher and the Community, School Culture and Organizational Leadership 94
 specified in the Code of Ethics for
Professional Teachers and other
laws and regulations
(An alternative to role playing could
be a video recording of the
described simulated situations.)

Week At the end of Unit 4, pre-service Unit 4 – The Teacher as School

11-14 teachers should be able to: Culture Catalyst

a. discuss the concepts that 1.1.1 [1] A.Structure in Schools Active learning and facilitated Graphic organizers. PSTs will 1.1.1 [1]
influence school organization as 6.1.1 [1] 1. Classical Weberian discussion on the various models and discuss the concepts that influence
a part of a larger organization in Bureaucracy structures of organizations. school organization as a part of a 6.1.1 [1]
response to community 2. Hall’s Organizational Inventory larger organization in response to
contexts; 3. Formalization of Structure (Hoy School visitation. community contexts using an
& Sweetland) PSTs may be asked to visit the office of appropriate graphic organizer as a
b. describe various functions and 6.4.1 [4] 4. Mintzberg’s Coordinating a school principal and the faculty of presentation tool.
roles of various members of the Mechanisms of Structure teachers in a basic education school in
school community based on 5. The DepEd Organizational the area. PSTs will note down Functional chart. PSTs will redraw
policies and procedures to Structure (based on organizational information posted in the organizational chart of the
foster harmonious working Republic Act No. 9155) the bulletin boards and how this school then describe the
relationships; and - National information help the organization. corresponding functions for each
- Division position in the organizational chart.
c. explain concepts on school - School
1.1.1 [1] 1.1.1 [1]
culture and climate.
B. Organizational Culture of Video clip presentation. Class Observation Report. The
Schools PSTs identify and interpret themes in a teacher will create an observation
1. Description video on Cultural Diversity and matrix of the components and
2. Levels consider whether cultural diversity is a elements of a school culture that
3. Functions of Culture school strength or weakness; they the PSTs will be observing. The
should explain the reasons for their PSTs will evaluate and explain
C. Changing School Culture responses. Students also consider what they have observed based
whether these differences and diversity from the concepts learned. They
D. Organizational Climate of in communities affect teaching and will
askedalso
to be
formulate ways of
Schools learning in school.

E. Changing the Climate of improving school culture.

Schools

The Teacher and the Community, School Culture and Organizational Leadership 95
Week At the end of Unit 5, pre-service Unit 5 – The Teacher as an
15-18 teachers should be able to: Organizational Leader
Graffiti Wall. PSTs will “graffiti” a
A.Defining Leadership Preliminary Reading and Research. board/ wall with descriptions,
a. describe leadership and other 1.1.1 [1] 1.1.1 [1]
B. The Nature of Administrative The PSTs will be required to do qualities of a teacher leader,
related concepts;
Work research and preliminary reading on types/styles of leadership, etc.
b. compare and contrast various
types, approaches and models 1.1.1 [1]
1. Trait Approach to Leadership pre-assigned organizational leadership Then, they will examine the wall
2. Situations and Leadership topics/concepts. and identify trends and patterns to
of leadership;
3. Behaviors and Leadership connect the descriptions together.
4. Leadership Effectiveness They will then select a description
c. reflect on and differentiate the
5. Contingency Models of that they did not personally
role of teachers as leaders and 1.1.1 [1]
Leadership contribute to the graffiti wall and
school heads as instructional
6. Fiedler's Contingency Model of respond to it in writing before
leaders; and
Leadership sharing with a partner, small group,
d. explain school policies and or with the whole class.
procedures that foster 6.4.1 [4]
harmonious relationships within Comparative Matrix. PSTs will
C. Transformational Leadership Small-group sharing.
the school and the wider school compare and contrast various 1.1.1 [1]
1. Three Types of Leadership PSTs will be arranged in small groups
community and identify “best types, approaches and models of
2. Theory and Research about to discuss their outputs on the
practices” in their Transformational Leadership leadership using a Comparative
previous activity. After the discussion
implementation. Matrix as an output of the small
the PSTs will post their findings on a
group or whole class discussions.
Graffiti Wall.

D. Evolutionary Leadership Reflection writing on insights

Theory (ELT) gained from the resource persons 1.1.1 [1]
Inviting a Resource Speaker.
E. Teacher Leadership on teacher leadership and
A basic education master teacher and
administrator will be invited to discuss instructional leadership.
shall focus on the different roles of
Reflection
teacher leadership and instructional
leadership, respectively. teachers and school heads.
F. Instructional Leadership
1. School-based Management
Field Interview of School Heads.
(SBM) Infographic. The PST, individually
PSTs will be required to interview, at
- School Improvement Plan or in small groups, will use text and 1.1.1 [1]
least, 3 local basic education school
(SIP) graphic presentation or infographic
heads about the policy 6.4.1 [4]
- Working with School to:
implementation of SBM, SIP and
Stakeholders: Brigada 1. explain policies and
Brigada Eskwela.
Eskwela procedures that foster
harmonious relationships
within the school and with
the wider school community;
and

The Teacher and the Community, School Culture and Organizational Leadership 96
 2. identify “best practices” in
implementation resulting
from the interview.
The output will be presented in
class or exhibited in a gallery.

Suggested List of References

Hoy, W.K. & Miskel, C.G. (2016) Educational Administration: Theory, research, and practice, 9e . McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York,

NY Llagas, T.A., & Corpuz, B.B. (2018) Essentials of Teacher Leadership. Lorimar Publishing, Inc., Quezon City, Philippines.

Llagas, T.A., Corpuz, B.B. & Bilbao, P.P. (2016) Becoming a 21st Century Educational Leader. Lorimar Publishing, Inc., Quezon City,

Philippines. Lim, L.S., Caubic, R.A., & Casihan, L.L. (2014) The Teaching Profession. Adriana Publishing Co., Inc., Quezon City, Philippines.

Vega, V.A., Prieto, N.G., & Carreon. M.L. (2009) Social Dimensions of Education. Lorimar Publishing, Inc., Quezon City,

Philippines. Fisher, D., (2012), School Culture: Creating a Unified culture of learning in a multicultural Setting , IB Regional

Conference

Barkan, Steve E. (n.d.) “Sociological Perspectives on Education”, section 11.2 from the book: A Primer on Social Problems (v. 1.0). Available online at
https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/a- primer-on-social-problems/index.html

School, Community, and Teacher, a Course Guide. Available online at http://hec.gov.pk/english/services/universities/RevisedCurricula/Documents/2011 -

2012/Education/SchoolCommTeacher_Sept13.pdf

Board of Professional Teachers Resolution No. 435, s. 1997 – Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers

Batas Pambansa Bilang 232 – Education Act of 1982. Available online at http://www.chanrobles.com/BATAS%20PAMBANSA%20BLG.%20232.pdf

A New Wave of Evidence: The Impact of School, Family, and Community Connections on Student Achievement. Available online at http://www.sedl.org/connections/resources/evidence.pdf).
Supplementary Readings
Bautista, M.C.R.B., Bernardo, A.B.I, & Ocampo, D. (2010) When Reforms Don’t Transform: Reflections on institutional reforms in the Department of Education. Human Development
Network, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City. Available online at
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237259856_When_Reforms_Don't_Transform_Reflections_on_institutional_reforms_in_the_Department_of_Education

Beck, S., Frederiksen, L.F. (2007) Teaching, Leadership and School Culture- from loose to tight couplings, Institute of Philosophy, Pedagogic and Study of of Religions, *University of Southern
Denmark available at http://www.fm-kp.si/zalozba/isbn/978-961-6573-65-8/091-103.pdf.

P. W. Musgrave, ‘The Relationship Between School and Community: A Reconsideration’, Community Development Journal, 8 (1973), 167–78 doi: 10.1093/ cdj/8.3.167

Addressing Diversity in Schools: Culturally Responsive Pedagogy’. Available online from http://www.nccrest.org/Briefs/Diversi ty_Brief.pdf.

The Teacher and the Community, School Culture and Organizational Leadership 97
 Foundation of Inclusive and Special Education

Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised

Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted
Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes
6.2.a. Articulate the rootedness of education in philosophical, socio-cultural, historical, psychological and political contexts
6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline
6.2.g. Practice professional and ethical teaching standards sensitive to the changing local, national, and global realities
6.2.h. Pursue life-long learning for personal and professional growth through varied experiential and field- based opportunities

Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's
Name
Schedule Office
Designation
Time Office Hours

Venue Office
Telephone
Term E-mail Address

98
 Course Information
Course Name Foundation of Inclusive and Special Course Code
Education
Pre-requisite Subject Course Credit 3 units, 3 hrs./wk. (18 weeks, 54 hrs. total)
Course Requirements
• Major Exams
• Per unit outputs as specified in the assessment

Grading System
Course Description BTIs
covered
This course is designed to equip the pre-service teachers with knowledge and understanding of the different philosophies, theories, legal
bases and policies of special needs and inclusive education. It includes the study of typical and atypical development of children, learning 1.1.1
2.1.1
characteristics of students with special educational needs (gifted and talented learners, learners with difficulty seeing, learners with 3.1.1
difficulty hearing, learners with difficulty communicating, learners with difficulty walking/moving, learners with difficulty remembering and 3.4.1
focusing, learners with difficulty with self-care) and those in difficult circumstances. Pre-service teachers will be provided with skills in the 3.5.1
4.3.1
selection of variety of differentiated strategies in teaching, assessing and managing students with special educational needs in a regular
5.1.1
class. They will also be provided with knowledge of policies, guidelines and procedures that provide safe and secure learning 6.3.1
environments, an d teaching strategies that are inclusive of learners from indigenous groups.
Course Learning Outcomes BTIs
covered
At the end of the course, pre-service teachers should be able to:

[1] demonstrate content knowledge and understanding of the philosophies, theories, and legal bases of special and inclusive education including 1.1.1, 6.3.1
its policies and their application;
1.1.1
[2] demonstrate understanding of typical and atypical development of children which will serve as basis a in the selection and us e of
appropriate teaching strategies responsive to learners with disabilities, giftedness and talents; 3.4.1
[3] demonstrate understanding of the special educational needs of learners in difficult circumstances including: geographic isolation; chronic illness;
displacement due to armed conflict, urban resettlement or disasters; child abuse and child labor
practices; [4] demonstrate knowledge in the implementation of relevant and responsive learning programs; 4.3.1
[5] demonstrate knowledge of the selection and use of teaching and assessment strategies that are responsive to the needs and strengths of diverse 3.1.1, 5.1.1
learners; 2.1.1
[6] demonstrate knowledge of policies, guidelines and procedures that provide safe and secure learning environments for learners with diverse needs;
and 3.5.1
[7] demonstrate knowledge of teaching strategies that are inclusive of learners from indigenous groups.

Foundation of Inclusive and Special Education 99

 Time Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) BTIs Content Suggested Teaching Learning Suggested Assessment BTIs
Allotment CLOs Activities CLOs
Week 1-3 At the end of the unit, pre-service teachers I. Definition, Goals, and Scope of
should be able to: Special and Inclusive Education

a. demonstrate an in-depth 1.1.1 [1] A. Inclusive Education in the 1. PowerPoint Presentation: DepEd 1. Comparative Analysis: K to 12 1.1.1 [1]
understanding of concepts related to 6.3.1 [1] Philippines Inclusive Education Policy Inclusion Program and IDEA 4.3.1 [4]
inclusive and special education that 1. Definition
promote supportive environments to 2. VMGO 2. PowerPoint: IDEA
diverse learners (like inclusion, 3. Scope
integration, mainstream, transition, 3. Class Discussion 2. Reflection Paper: Implementation 1.1.1 [1]
etc.) as indicated in the DepEd B. Inclusive Education in other of the Inclusion Program since
Inclusive Education Policy; countries 4. Analysis and Presentation its launch in 2009
1. IDEA -US
b. demonstrate knowledge of 4.3.1 [4] 2. other countries supporting 5. Reflection Paper 3. Unit Test (BLEPT-type) on the 6.3.1 [1]
responsive special and inclusive special and inclusive definition, goals, and scope of 1.1.1 [1]
education programs for diverse education Inclusive and Special Education
learners; and in the Philippines and other
countries
c. compare and contrast Inclusive 1.1.1 [1]
Education in the Philippines with that
of International standards.

Week 4-9 At the end of the unit, pre-service teachers II. Bases and Policies of Special 1. Lectures and/or library/online 1. Quizzes, comparative essays 2.1.1 [6]
should be able to: and Inclusive Education research on the various bases of and/or research posters on the 6.3.1 [1]
Special and Inclusive Education various bases of Special and
a. demonstrate understanding of the 1.1.1 [1] A. Review of the Bases 2. Document Review on the Inclusive Education
philosophies, theories, and legal 6.3.1 [1] 1. Psychological bases Philosophies, Statements of
bases of special and inclusive 1.1. Piaget’s Cognitive Laws, Regulations and Policies 2. BLEPT-type Unit Test on the 1.1.1 [1]
education including its application; Development from UN, UNESCO, EFA, DepEd concepts discussed in the unit
1.2. Albert Bandura’s Social 3. Forum with Resource Speakers
b. demonstrate knowledge of policies, 2.1.1 [6] Learning Theory on Special Topics on Principles, 3. Document Review on the 1.1.1 [1]
guidelines and procedures that 1.3. Lev Vygotsky’s Policies and Dimensions. Different Laws, Regulations 6.3.1 [1]
provide safe and secure learning Scaffolding 4. Post Forum discussion. and Policy Statements to be
environments for learners with special 1.4. Jean Lave’s Situated provided by the teacher
needs; and Learning
2. Philosophical Bases
c. demonstrate knowledge of the 1.1.1 [1] 2.1 Inclusivity 4. Evaluation Report on the 1.1.1 [1]
development of Special and Inclusive 2.2 Equality Forum held with Reflective
Education in the local and Journal
international contexts by constructing 3 Historical/Sociological
a historical timeline.

Foundation of Inclusive and Special Education 100

 3.1 Convention on the
Rights of the Child
3.2 UNESCO
3.3 EFA
3.4 K to 12 Inclusion Policy
4 Legal
4.1 The 1987 Phil.
Constitution, Art XIV,
Sec 1&2
4.2 RA 10533 Enhanced
Basic Education Act –
including ALS and
Learners with Special
Needs
4.3 RA 8371 Indigenous
People’s Right Act
4.4 PD 603
4.5 RA 7610 Special
Protection Against Child
Abuse and Exploitation
4.6 RA 9344 Juvenile Justice
and Welfare Act
4.7 RA 9442 Magna Carta
for Disabled Persons
4.8 RA 10665 Open High
School System Act
4.9 RA 7277 Rehabilitation,
and Integration of
Disabled Persons in
Mainstream Society

B. Principles, Policies, and

Dimensions
1. Early Intervention
2. Process of Inclusion:
Philippine Model
3. Transition Program
4. Sustaining Programs
5. National IP Education
Policy

Foundation of Inclusive and Special Education 101

Week At the end of the unit, pre-service teachers III. Typology of Learners with 1. Movie Analysis: Choose from 1. Movie analysis 1.1.1 [2]
10-14 should be able to: Special Needs the following list:
A. Learners with Intellectual 1.1. I am Sam
a. distinguish the different types,
1.1.1 [2] Disability 1.2. Open Heart 2. Quizzes, comparative 1.1.1 [2]
identifications, etiologies, causes,
1. Cerebral Palsy 1.3. Smile, Pinki (2008) essays, research posters
characteristics of learners who have
2. Trisomy 21 1.4. Darius Goes West and/or infographics on
special needs;
B. Learners with Learning (2007) the different types,
1.1.1 [2] Disability 1.5. My Flesh and Blood identifications, etiologies,
b. describe the different types and
1. Dyslexia (2003) causes, characteristics of
levels/degrees, etiologies, causes, and
2. Dysgraphia 1.6. Sound and Fury (2000) learners who have special
characteristics of these learners;
3. Dyscalculla 1.7. Educating Peter (1992) needs
C. Learners with Physical
c. demonstrate understanding of the
3.4.1 [3] Disabilities 2. Movie Review and Report
special educational needs of learners
1. Visual Impairment
in difficult circumstances including:
2. Hearing Impairment 3. Invitation of Resource
geographic isolation; chronic illness;
3. Speech Impairment Speakers
displacement due to armed conflict,
4. Multiple physical
urban resettlement or disasters; child
Impairment 4. Infographics on Learners with
abuse and child labor practices; and
D. Learners who are Gifted Special Needs
and Talented
d. demonstrate knowledge of teaching
3.5.1 [7] 1. Visual Arts 5. Lectures and/or library/online
strategies that are inclusive of
2. Music research on the different
learners from indigenous groups.
3. Intellectual types, identifications;
Giftedness etiologies, causes,
4. Performing Arts characteristics of learners who
E. Learners with Socio- have special needs
Emotional Disorder
1. Emotional Behavioral
Disorder
2. Anxiety Attack
3. Depression
4. Obsessive
Compulsive Disorder
5. Bipolar Disorder
F. Learners with Chronic
Illnesses
1. Asthma
2. Diabetes
3. Epilepsy
4. Allergy
G. Learners in Difficult
Circumstances

Foundation of Inclusive and Special Education 102

 1. Living in Remote
Places
2. Victims of War
3. Products of Broken
Family
4. Street Children/
Children from
Impoverished Family
5. Victims of Abuse
H. Learners from Indigenous
Groups
Week At the end of the unit, pre-service teachers IV. Assessment, Learning 1. Special Education Day:
15-18 should be able to: Resources and Instructional Awareness Summit Case Study Report 1.1.1 [2]
(INPUT) Accommodation 3.1.1 [5]
a. demonstrate knowledge of 4.3.1 [4] 1.1 Program: Seminar on 4.3.1 [4]
differentiated assessment strategies A. Types of Assessment Special and Inclusive
that are responsive to the needs and 1. Observation Checklist Education with Different
strengths of diverse learners; 2. Anecdotal Report topics to be presented and Quizzes, comparative essays,
3. Portfolio Assessment discussed. research posters and/or 4.3.1 [4]
b. demonstrate knowledge in the 4.3.1 [4] 1.2 Infographics distribution infographics on types of 4.3.1 [4]
implementation of relevant and B. Learning Resources and assessment, learning resources and
responsive learning programs; Instructional 2. Alternative Classroom Learning instructional accommodation
Accommodation
Experience
3.1.1 [5] 1. Special Education Programs 1.1.1 [2]
c. demonstrate knowledge and SpEd Classroom Observation
2. Inclusion Programs
understanding to suit the learners’ 3. SpEd Classroom Observation Report 3.1.1 [5]
3. Indigenization and 4.3.1 [4]
needs;
Contextualization of the
4. Case Study
3.5.1 [7] Curriculum
d. demonstrate knowledge of teaching
4. ALS 5. Lectures and/or library/online
strategies that are inclusive of
learners from indigenous groups; and b. OSY
research on types of
c. Disadvantaged Children assessment, learning 3.4.1 [3]
Research Essay presenting the
e. demonstrate understanding of the 3.4.1 [3] d. Adult Learners resources and instructional special educational needs of
special educational needs of learners 5. Madrasah ALIVE accommodation learners in one of the following 3.5.1 [3]
in difficult circumstances including: 6. Special Interest Programs
difficult circumstances:
7. Quality Differentiated
geographic isolation; chronic illness; • geographic isolation; or
Instructions
displacement due to armed conflict, • chronic illness; or
8. Homeschool/ Distance
urban resettlement or disasters; child • displacement due to armed
Learning
abuse and child labor practices. conflict, urban resettlement or
disasters; or
• child abuse and child labor
practices.

Foundation of Inclusive and Special Education 103

 Research Essay presenting a review
of teaching strategies that are
inclusive of learners from
indigenous groups.
FINAL EXAMINATION

List of References

Behan, Dawn. (2015). Taking sides: clashing views in special education. McGraw-Hill.
Clark, B. (2010). Characteristics of gifted children with disabilities, excerpt from Growing Up Gifted: Developing the Potential of Children at
Home and at School. 2008 ed, p.362-364.
Escowitz S. (n.d.) Multiple Disabilities in Your Classroom: 10 Tips for Teachers . The Special Ed Wiki. Sped.wikidot.com/emotional-
behavioral- disorder-disorders.
Fliess, S. D. (n.d.) Twice exceptional children. http://www.education.com/magazine/article/Ed_Twice_Exceptional/?page=2
Gargiulo, Richard M. (2015). Special Education in Contemporary Society: An Introduction to Exceptionality. Los Angeles: SAGE
Publications. Griffin, (2015). Handbook of Learning Disabilities. The Guilford Press.(D)
Imray, Peter. (2013). Curricula for Teaching Children and Young people with severe or profound and multiple learning disabilities . Convention
on the Rights of the Child
UN Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for persons with Disabilities 1993. Rule 6
UNESCO- Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action 1994
Education for All World Forum, Dakar Framework for Action 2000
Millenium Development Goal2. Universal primary Education by 2015
EFA Fast Track Initiative 2002
UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
DepEd Inclusive Education Policy Framework
Differentiation and Enrichment Strategies for Gifted Students

Foundation of Inclusive and Special Education 104

 Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum

Institution Name of Institution Date Last Revised

Logo College Name Revision Date
Department Semester Adopted

Vision Mission

College Goals

Program Outcomes: Source: Section 6.2 Common to the discipline (Teacher Education)

6.2.b. Demonstrate mastery of subject matter/discipline

6.2.c. Facilitate learning using a wide range of teaching methodologies and delivery modes appropriate to specific learners and
their environments
6.2.f. Demonstrate a variety of thinking skills in planning, monitoring, assessing, and reporting learning processes and outcome

Class Information Instructor's Information

Section Instructor's
Name
Schedule Office
Designation
Time Office Hours

Venue Office
Telephone
Term E-mail Address

105
 Course Information
Course Name Building and Enhancing New Literacies Course Code
Across the Curriculum
Pre-requisite Subject Course Credit 3 Units
Course Requirements

All provisions of the University/ College Student’s Handbook shall apply

Grading System

SUCs have their own institutionalized grading system

Course Description BTIs covered

This course introduces the concepts of new literacies in the 21 st century as evolving social phenomena and shared cultural 1.1.1
practices across learning areas. The 21st century literacies shall include (a) globalization and multi-cultural literacy, (b) social 1.3.1
literacy, (c) media literacy, (d) financial literacy, (e) cyber literacy /digital literacy, (f) eco-literacy and (g) arts and creativity 1.4.1
literacy. Field based-interdisciplinary explorations (ex. observation in mathematics, Field Studies) and other teaching strategies 1.5.1
shall be
4.5.1
used to develop PSTs’ teaching skills to promote learners’ literacy, and critical and creative thinking skills. Pre-service teachers
shall develop skills in using appropriate teaching strategies and resources, including the positive use of ICT, to address learning
Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) BTIs covered

At the end of the course the pre-service teacher should be able to: 1.1.1
1.4.1
[1] demonstrate content knowledge and its application within and/or across curriculum teaching areas 1.5.1
[2] demonstrate knowledge of teaching strategies that promote literacy skills
4.5.1
[3] apply teaching strategies that develop learners’ critical and creative thinking and /or other higher order thinking skills
[4] show skills in the selection, development and use of variety of teaching and learning resources, including ICT, to 1.3.1
address learning goals
[5] demonstrate skills in the positive use of ICT

Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum 106

 Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
Time BTIs BTIs
Content Teaching Learning Activities Assessment
Allotment CLOs CLOs

Week 1-3 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 1. Introduction of Key Concepts
teacher can:

a. compare the basic concepts of 1.1.1 [1] A. Definitions of traditional literacies Socialized Classroom Discussion. Summative Quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
traditional and 21st century 1. Traditional literacy Use the PPG chart to facilitate
literacies and skills 2. Functional literacy class discussion.
3. Early literacy/emergent literacy PSTs will write their Prior
b. explain the features and critical 4. Basic literacy and skills knowledge about the topic,
attributes of the 21st century 1.1.1 [1] Present knowledge (concepts
literacies discussed), and Gained knowledge
(insights gained).

B. Definitions of the 21st Century Share-Pair-Circle PSTs (in groups of 5 students) 1.1.1 [1]
literacies Divide the class into groups of
will create a poster on
The 21st century literacies and skills equal number. Let each group the
different literacies.
1. globalization and multi-cultural form two circles. The outer circle
literacyiteracy facing the inner circle. Let them
2. social literacy share their ideas on the 21st
3. media literacy century teaching and learning and
4. financial literacy the different 21st century literacies.
5. cyber/ digital literacy Teacher clarifies concepts when
6. eco-literacy necessary. At a certain time,
7. arts and creativity literacy students rotate and share with
another pair.
Small group presentation of 1.1.1 [1]
C. Features of 21st century teaching Eight Corners (Small Groups)
outputs
and learning The class will have 8 Learning
Each group prepares a graphic
corners. Each corner exhibits
D. Critical Attributes of the 21st organizer to present attributes of
features/characteristics and
Century Education 21st century teaching and learning.
attributes of 21st teaching and
Process: discussion of concepts
learning.
1. Integrated and interdisciplinary and effective use of charts and/or
The group will take turns to visit
2. Technologies and multimedia diagrams
each corner and write down
3. Global classrooms important/key concepts from each
4. Creating/ adapting to constant Output: simplified ideas,
learning corner.
personal and social change, and information showing the attributes
lifelong learning of 21st literacies visually presented
Whole Group Discussion will be in
5. Student-centered through the different graphic
the form of Q&A.
organizers

Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum 107

 6. 21st century skills
7. Project-based and research driven
8. Relevant, rigorous and real world

E. Basic strategies for developing Lecture-demo on the basic Class observation 1.1.1 [1]
literacy strategies to promote learners’
1. making connections literacy PSTs observe class instruction
2. visualizing considering strategies, integration
3. inferring Field Observation.
of 21st literacies, instructional
4. questioning materials used, etc.
5. determining importance PSTs observe a classroom teacher
Process: Field notes will be taken
6. synthesizing in situ noting the teacher’s
to document the observation.
activities in developing learners’
Output: observation report
literacy.

Week 4-5 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 2. Teaching Strategies for the Lecture-demonstration on Demonstration
teacher can: Development of Literacy Skills teaching strategies that Each group will demonstrate, 1.1.1 [1]
and Teaching resources promote learners’ literacy skills explain and critique strategies for
a. demonstrate teaching the development of the different 1.4.1 [2]
strategies that promote 1.4.1 [2] A. Strategies for the development of Anticipation Guide (pre-reading literacy skills utilizing appropriate
literacy emergent literacy skills and teaching Activity) teaching-learning resources to 1.5.1 [3]
resources: PSTs will either agree or disagree develop higher-order and creative
b. show skills in the selection, 1. pictures and objects pictures and on statements about strategies for thinking skills 4.5.1 [4]
development and use of 1.4.1 [2] objects the development of literacy skills
age-appropriate instructional 1.5.1 [3] 2. letters and words and teaching resources based on
resources that will develop 4.5.1 [4] 3. sounds their schema After the demonstration, the PSTs
literacy, and higher-order 4. read aloud experiences will conduct their activities in a
and creative thinking skills real classroom setting in the
B. Beginning reading skills and
laboratory school.
teaching resources Presentation
c. design activities appropriate
1. Phonemic awareness The class will be divided into 5
for the development of 1.4.1 [2]
2. Phonics instruction groups.
literacy skills 1.4.1 [2]
3. Fluency instruction Each group will discuss among
4. Vocabulary instruction themselves strategies of particular
5. Comprehension instruction literacy skills using the ENVOY
strategy.
C. Developing functional literacy
1. Participatory approach

Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum 108

 D. 21st Century literacy skills and
teaching resources
1. Student-led learning (Cooperative
learning)
2. Inquiry-based classroom
environment2. Inquiry-based
classroom environment
3. Collaborative activities
4. HOTS activities
5. Creative learning

Week 6 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 3. 21st Century Skill Categories
teacher can:

a. explain the different 1.1.1 [1] A. Learning Skills Lecture-demonstration on Summative Quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
categories of 21st century 1. Critical thinking teaching strategies that
skills 2. Creativity promote learners’ 21st Century Metacognitive Report
3. Collaboration literacy skills
b. demonstrate teaching 1.4.1 [2] 4. Communication
strategies that promote the 1.5.1 [3] Oral recitation
development of 21st century B. Literacy Skills Small Group Discussion Each member of the group is 1.1.1 [1]
literacy skills in a particular 1. Information literacy Each group will study and later required to share ideas on the
subject area 2. Media literacy discuss to the other group the topic discussed.
3. Technology literacy different century skill categories. Process: A display on the use of
the different skills during the
C. Life Skills numbered heads together activity
1. Flexibility must be evident.
2. Leadership Output: Graphic organizer
3. Initiative
4. Productivity Design and demonstrate an
5. Social skills activity using the 21st century skills
Number Heads Together 1.5.1 [3]
Activity in a particular learning area
Group the class into 5 groups of
equal number. Each member is
assigned a number. Raise a
question on the categories of the
21st century skills and let them
answer individually. Allow the
group to discuss their answers
using the graphic organizers they

Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum 109

 prepared. Call a number. All those
with that number stand up to give
the answer of their group. Let
them summarize their answers. In
this activity, the use of the
different skills must be
emphasized.
Week 7 At the end of the unit, the pre-service Unit 4. 21st Century Literacies Lecture-demonstration on Summative Quizzes 1.1.1 [1]
teacher (PST) can: A. Globalization and Multicultural teaching strategies that
literacy promote learners’ globalization Metacognitive Report
a. discuss concepts of 1.1.1 [1] and multicultural literacy skills
globalization and The OECD GLOBAL Competence
multicultural literacy framework
1.1.1 [1] 1. Globalization
2. Multiculturalism Film-Viewing
b. explain the dimensions of Analysis of a video clip
3. Intercultural communication PSTs watch a video clip on
multiculturalism PSTs watch a video clip that 1.1.1 [1]
multicultural literacy and respond
highlights the dimensions of
to guide questions provided
c. display skill in the use of 1.1.1 [1] multiculturalism.
before the start of the activity. The
Mother Tongue, Filipino and Process: Guide questions will be
guide questions will help them
English to convey ideas answered as they watch the
focus on features that may aid
Output: A comic strip in their
them to reflect more on those
video. Mother Tongue
parts of the video clip that have a
key feature of the film
touch on multiculturalism.
watched. the
highlighting

Simulation
Students will simulate a scenario
on multiculturalism. During this
activity, Mother Tongue, Filipino
and English must be used.

Week 8 At the end of the unit, the pre-service 4B. Social Literacy Lecture-demonstration on Group Presentation 1.1.1 [1]
teacher (PST) can: teaching strategies that promote PSTs will give a report on the
Social literacy learners’ social literacy skills result of the interview
a. demonstrate social and 1.1.1[1] 1. Social cognition and social skills conducted. Process: Interview
people skills 2. Emotional intelligence Interview/ Survey guides must be prepared ahead
3. People skills PSTs will conduct a survey on of time.
awareness of and opinion on Output: Interview result
cyberbullying. This an application
of the social skills discussed. This
is a preparation for a discussion of

Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum 110

 Unit 4E on cyber literacy (Week
13-14).

Week 9 At the end of the unit, the Pre-service 4C. Media Literacy Carousel Brainstorming Activity
teacher (PST) can: Small Group Presentation of
1.1.1 [1] 1. Definition and aspects of Media Small group of students rotate Output
a. explain the advantages and Information Literacy (MIL) around the classroom, stopping at
disadvantages of media and 2. Dimensions of MIL various “stations” for a designated Groups discuss the advantages
information 3. Advantages and disadvantages of period of time (usually 1- and disadvantages of media and
Media and information 2minutes). At each station, information taking into
students activate their prior consideration their personal
knowledge of a topic and share experiences on the use of media.
their ideas with their small group. Process: Groups respond to
Each group posts their ideas at questions in each station
each station for all groups to read. Output: Group written responses
to questions
Midterms

Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service 1.1.1 [1] Unit 4. 21st Century literacies (cont.) Invite a Resource Person Making of a financial plan 1.1.1 [1]
10-12 teacher (PST) can: Financial planning will allow PSTs
Financial literacy Invite a resource person to talk to reflect on their budget and
a. design a workable financial 1. Financial planning/goal setting about financial planning. PSTs will work out a plan for their
plan and valuing be oriented on how to make a finances. Process: PSTs will fill-
b. apply the principles of 2. Budgeting, spending and financial plan that works for them. out the matrix provided to input
savings, investment, and investing data on their finances including
valuing in spending one’s 3. Savings and banking their savings.
money 4. Avoiding financial cams Output: Financial plan
5. Insurance and taxes
6. Tips on being financially stable

Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service 4E. Cyber/Digital Literacy Lecture-demonstration on the Demonstration
13-14 teacher (PST) can: positive use of ICT to facilitate PSTs present teaching strategies
Cyber/Digital Literacy the teaching and learning showcasing the positive use of
a. examine the ethical 1.3.1 [5] 1. Cybercitizenship in the digital age process ICT
considerations of using 2. Internet safety to promote learners’ digital 1.1.1 [1]
digital media 1.3.1 [5] 3. Cyberbullying and cybercrimes literacy.
b. demonstrate skills in the 4. Managing computer threats Project Based Learning Output: Group project 1.3.1 [5]
positive use of ICT 5. Researching and evaluating the PSTs will work by group on a
c. evaluate cyber threats, cases 1.3.1 [5] web project showcasing their skills in
and media 6. Social media use the positive use of ICT to promote
7. Mobile devices learners’ digital literacy.
8. Digital traits

Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum 111

Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service 4F. Eco-Literacy
15-16 teacher (PST) can:
1.1.1 [1] Eco-Literacy Film Viewing Reflection Paper 1.1.1 [1]
a. explain the roles of eco- 1. Eco-literacy and sustainable Students watch video clips on
literacy, teachers, learners development issues about the environment. This Environmental issues could be
and citizens for sustainable 1.1.1 [1] 2. The Seven Environmental could be used as a springboard to tackled in class to stimulate PSTs’
development Principles design an extension activity to be concern for the environment
demonstrate ways of preserving the 3. Making schools Dark Green conducted by the class to show Process: writing of reflection
environment Schools their concern on the environment. based on the film viewed.
1.1.1 [1] Environmental education Output: Reflection Paper
Extension Activity
An extension activity could be
planned for the students to do
their share in preserving the
environment.

Week At the end of the unit, the pre-service 4G. Arts and Creativity Literacy Lecture-demonstration on
17-18 teacher (PST) can: teaching strategies that Demonstration 1.5.1 [3]
Arts and Creativity Literacy promote learners’ creative
a. display knowledge, skills and 1.1.1 [1] 1. Visual literacy thinking PSTs present and explain teaching
values in arts and creativity 2. Eye/hand/brain coordination strategies that promote learners’
through various forms and 3. Verbal creativity Project Based Learning creative thinking present
activities 4. Visual creativity PSTs will work individually on a
b. apply teaching strategies 1.5.1 [3] Aesthetics project showcasing their creativity.
that promote learners’ This can be an avenue for PSTs to
creative thinking design materials using recyclables

Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum 112

 List of References

Printed Materials

Llagas, A.T. Corpuz, B. & Bilbao, P. (2016). Becoming a 21st Century Educational Leader
Nacino, S. (2014). Money and Me. Write Conversations: Manila
Lucido, Paz I. (2013). Ethical Issues in Cyberspace. Vol 4. Q.C. Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
UNESCO (2013). Media Information Literacy: Policy, and Strategy Guidelines. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Borado, Milagros L. (2012). What Skills Do You Need for the 21st Century. Vol. 1. Q.C. Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Carreon, Myrna L. (2012). Safeguarding the Environment, Our Earth, Our Home (Lets Go Green) Vol. 1 . Q. C. Lorimar Publishing,
Inc. Lucido, Paz I. (2012). Teaching New Literacy in a Digital Environment. Vol 1. Q.C. Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Morales, Kathleen M. (2012). Multicultural Education Vol. 2. Q. C. Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Villareal, Noemi M. (2012). Information Literacy: The Defining Paradigm of Modern Education. Vol. 3. Q. C. Lorimar Publishing,
Inc. Wilson, C. et. al (2011). Media and Information Literacy: Curriculum for Teachers. UNESCO: France
Far Eastern University (2008). The Art of Teaching Best Practices. Manila: FEU Publications
Bachrach, B. (2006). Values-Based Financial Planning. Aim High Publishing: California
Pacia, C. G. (2003). Personalized Education. Manila: Center for Educators Formation Publication
:
Electronic Materials

The K to 12 Curriculum. Retrieved at http://www.donboscopress.ph/wp-conte nt/uploads/2012/06/DepEd -K12-Basic-

Education.pdf http:/iflex.innotech.org/GURO21/module1/11_25.html
75352 Paris 07 SP, France Communication and Information Sector http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication -and-information/
http://iflex.innotech.org/GURO21/module1/l1_25.html https://lindsayannlearning.com/student -led-
discussion-strategies/ 21st century literacies https://www.aeseducation.com/careercenter21/what-are-
21st-century-skills 21st century skills categories http://iflex.innotech.org/GURO21/module1/l1_5.html -
critical attributes of 21st century education

(Handouts of Dr. Edizon A. Fermin on sample syllabus of Prof. Ed subjects)

Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum 113

© 2019. Teacher Education Council and Research Center for Teacher
Quality

114
 The documents presented in this compendium are outputs of the collaborative efforts of the selected Centers of Excellence
(COEs) and Centers of Development (CODs) in Teacher Education. The COEs/CODs are lead writers/developers in specific
programs and secondary writers/developers for the rest of the programs.

Australian •
Aid~ _ ..
Building and Enhancing New Literacies Across the Curriculum 115