Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

ENGLISH 10
Overcoming Challenges

Quarter 1 Week 3 Module 3

Most Essential Learning Competency:
Appraise the unity of plot, setting and
characterization in a material viewed to achieve
the writer’s purpose.

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HOW DO YOU USE THIS MODULE?

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb
you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully
enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of this
module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning, that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer keycard. 5.
Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing
the lessons in the module.
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings
and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.
• Check your Understanding- It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.

2
 LESSON 1 Capitalizing Strengths and
Recognizing Weaknesses

EXPECTATIONS
This lesson will allow you to Appraise the unity of plot, setting and
characterization in a material viewed to achieve the writer’s purpose

Specifically, this will help you to:

• identify the characters and setting of a myth

• analyze character traits

• determine the purpose of the author in writing the story

• give the major plot pints of the story.

• determine how connected events contribute to the totality of the material

viewed

PRE – TEST

Direction: Answer the following questions based on the elements of a short

narrative story. Choose your answer from the word pool.
_______1. It refers to the main idea or moral of the story.

_______2. What is the sequence of events involving characters and a central

conflict called?

_______3. It is one the elements of a story that shows disagreement or

argument.

________4. What is the most exciting part of the story?

________5. The time and location in which a story takes place

climax conflict plot setting theme

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 LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

Linear?
Look at the chart below. Or
Nonlinear Text?

Areas under enhanced community quarantine (ECQ)

Regional quarantines[a]
Region[b] Island group Start date[c] Est. pop.[d] Cases Deaths Recov.
Metro Manila 13,600,000 11,656 742 3,133
Cordillera 1,800,000 55 1 45
Ilocos Region 5,200,000 71 12 30
Cagayan Valley 3,600,000 38 1 33
Luzon March 17, 2020
Central Luzon 12,100,000 664 32 174
Calabarzon 15,700,000 1,781 107 410
Mimaropa 3,100,000 67 4 31
Bicol 6,000,000 83 4 31
Western Visayas [1]
Visayas – 7,800,000 121 10 80
Davao Region April 2, 2020 5,200,000 352 26 143
Caraga Mindanao April 7, 2020 2,700,000 9 0 2
Zamboanga Peninsula[1] – 3,800,000 172 3 29
Template: COVID-19 pandemic data/Philippines coronavirus quarantines –
Wikipedia

Can you
interpret it?

Direction: Interpret the chart by answering the following questions.

1. What region has the highest number of COVID-19 cases for the month of March?
2. Which has the lowest cases of deaths?
3. Which region in Mindanao has the highest estimated population?
4. What region in Luzon has the highest number of recoveries?
5. What is the total estimated population of the last two regions in Luzon?
Good job!

4
 BRIEF INTRODUCTION

Look at the comic strip. Tell something about it by answering the questions
below.

https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/a-comic-strip-tour-of-the-wild-world-of-pandemic-
modeling/

 Who are the people in this comic strip?

 Where does this scene take place?
 What is going on in this scenario?
 What are their worries?
 What do you think might be the end of this scenario?
(Note: Write your answer in your notebook)

Developing a solid understanding, the elements of a story is essential for you

learners to fully comprehend the stories you read. However, before you can
understand how these elements contribute to the overall meaning and effect
of a story, you must first be able to identify the component parts confidently.
The Elements of aStory
Character is the mental, emotional, and social qualities to distinguish one
entity from another (people, animals, spirits, automatons, pieces of
furniture, and other animated objects).

Plot is the order in which things move and happen in a story.

Setting includes time and place.

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Theme is the main idea that weaves the story together, the why, the
underlying ideas of what happens in the piece of literature, often a
statement about society or human nature.

Point of view is determined by the authors' descriptions of characters,

setting, and events told to the reader throughout the story.

Style is how the author says something, the choice of words and the use of
language, sentence construction, imagery... not what the author says. It
adds significance and impact to the author's writing.

Tone tells us the author feels about his or her subject. Words express the
writer's attitude toward his or her work, subject, and readers

The Text
Mythology (from the Greek mythos for story-of-the-people, and
logos for word or speech, so the spoken story of a people) is the
study and interpretation of often sacred tales or fables of a
culture known as myths or the collection of such stories which
deal with various aspects of the human condition: good
andevil.
To what extent would you use your strength to save the person you love?

Orpheus (from Ancient Greece)

By Alice Low

“When stern Hades heard Orpheus’s song, he began to weep.”

There were nine goddesses called Muses. Born of Zeus and a Titan
named Mnemosyne, each muse presided over a different art or science.
Calliope, one of these sisters, was the inspiration of poets and musicians.
She was the mother of Orpheus (a mortal because his father was one) and
gave to her son a remarkable talent for music.
Orpheus [played his lyre so sweetly that he charmed all things on
earth. Men and women forgot their cares when they gathered around him to
listen. Wild beasts lay down as if they were tame, entranced by his soothing
notes. Even rocks and trees followed him, and the rivers changed their
directions to hear him play.
Orpheus loved a young woman named Eurydice, and when they were
married, they looked forward to many years of happiness together. But soon
after, Eurydice stepped on a poisonous snake and died.
Orpheus roamed the earth, singing sad melodies to try to overcome
his grief. But it was no use. He longed for Eurydice so deeply that he
decided to follow her to the underworld. He said to himself, “No mortal has
ever been there before, but I must try to bring back my beloved Eurydice. I

6
will charm Persephone and Hades with my music and win Eurydice’s
release.
He climbed into a cave and through a dark passage that led to the
underworld. When he reached the river Styx, he plucked his lyre and
Charon, the ferryman, was so charmed that he rowed him across. Then he
struck his lyre again, and Cereberus, the fierce threeheaded dog who
guarded the gates, heard the sweet music and lay still to let him pass.
Orpheus continued to play his lyre tenderly as he made his way
through the gloomy underworld. The ghosts cried when they heard his sad
music. Sisyphus, who had been condemned to roll a rock uphill forever,
stopped his fruitless work to listen. Tantalus, who had been sentenced to
stand in a pool of receding water, stopped trying to quench his thirst. And
even the wheel to which Ixion was tied as punishment stopped turning for
one moment.
At last Orpheus came to the palace of Hades and Persephone, king
and queen of the underworld. Before they could order him to leave, he began
his gentle song, pleading for Eurydice.
When stern Hades heard Orpheus’s song, he began to weep. Cold
Persephone was so moved that, for the first time in all her months in the
underworld, her heart melted.
“Oh please, my husband,” she said to Hades, “let Eurydice been
reunited with Orpheus.”
And Hades replied, “I, too, feel the sadness of Orpheus. I cannot
refuse him.
They summoned Eurydice, and the two lovers clasped each other and
turned to leave.
“Wait!” said Hades to Orpheus. “Eurydice is yours to take back to
earth on one condition.”
“What is that?” asked Orpheus.
She must follow you, and you must not look back at her until you are
on earth again.”
“I understand,” said Orpheus. “And I am forever grateful.”
Orpheus and Eurydice left the underworld and made their way
through the dark passage that led to the upper world. At last they reached
the cave through which Orpheus had descended.
“I can see daylight ahead,” called Orpheus to Eurydice. “We are almost
there.” But Eurydice had not heard him, and so she did not answer.
Orpheus turned to make sure that she was still following him. He
caught one last glimpse of her with her arms stretched out to him. And then
she disappeared, swallowed up by darkness.

7
 “Farewell,” he heard her cry as she was carried back to the
underworld.
Orpheus tried to follow her, but this time the gods would not allow it.
And so, he wandered the earth alone. He sang his sad songs to the rocks
and the trees and longed for the time when he, too, would die and be
reunited with his beloved Eurydice in the underworld.
https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?moduleinstanceid=21
50&dataid=3366&FileName=orpheus%20myth.pdf

Add-on
https://www.youtube.c
om/watch?v=3Jqgx06T
JUM&feature=share&fb
clid=IwAR3QNvcwTeZU
4APDmxsPp4mD1Q67
RbHtbrWZ76vr8EwS6L
T3S6Y8P8J-UUc

Activity 1Word puzzle

Direction: Complete the word puzzle.

3 4

5 6

8 9

10

Across: Down:

2. Orpheus went to_________ 1. goddess of nature

8
 to get his beloved wife 4. mother of Orpheus

3. wife of Orpheus 7. a natural void in the ground,

specifically a space large enough for a
5. a legendary musician in human to enter
ancient Greek religion
9. a deity and a river that forms the
6. dark or poorly lit, especially boundary between Earth and the
so as to appear frightening Underworld.
8. god of the underworld

10. an instrument used by

Orpheus to charm the gods

file:///C:/Users/elvir/Desktop/newcrosscharacters.htm

Activity 2Reading Comprehension(Q & A)

Direction: Go back to the story and answer the following questions below.

1. What was the greatest strength of Orpheus? What was his weakness?

___________________________________________________________________________

2. What effect did Orpheus` music have on people and Gods? Cite two
examples of this

___________________________________________________________________________

3. Describe Orpheus’ journey as he travels to the underworld. Who did he

meet and what did he see there?

___________________________________________________________________________

4. Why did Orpheus decide to rescue his wife from the underworld?

___________________________________________________________________________

5. Describe Hades in the story. Was he fair enough to decide such as thing?

___________________________________________________________________________

6. Why did Orpheus look back to see if Eurydice was following him? What
happened to Eurydice?

2015. "Orpheus." In Diversity Celebrating Multiculturism Through World Literature-Grade10

English- Learners Manal, by Lerma,Angelou,Hermosa.Nedia,Liito,Grace,Annette and
Kren Liza, 57. Pasig: Department ofEducation.

9
Activity3Characterization (Pair Activity)
Directions: For this activity, you will focus on the relationship of the
PROTAGONIST (or main character) and consider how his actions create
relationship. Fill out the “Relationship Rectangle” below according to the
key. Be sure to include a quotation to support your relationship selections.
Note that you may use a single character/relationship more than once on
the “Relationship Rectangle.”

Relationship #1: What is the protagonist`s MOST IMPORTANT

RELATIONSHIP?
Relationship#2: What is the protagonist`s MOST DIFFICULT RELATIONSHIP?
Relationship#3: Which character HELPS and SUPPORTS the protagonist the
most?
Relationship#4: Which character serves as ANTAGONIST (evilforces)acting
against the PROTAGONIST?

Relationship #4 Relationship #1 Relationship #3

Quote: Quote: Quote:

CHARACTER NAME

Relationship #2
Quote:

https://www.bespokeclassroom.com/blog/2016/5/10/characterization-activities-for-any-
text
Activity 4: Element Array
Direction:. Supply each part of the map with the major plot points of a story
of Orpheus.
CLIMAX

RISING ACTION(The major

events that lead to the climax)
FALLING ACTION (The
major events that lead to
resolution)

Conflict

EXPOSITION Protagonist vs Antagonist RESOLUTION

Setting:
VS
Situation:
Characters: Theme(s)
https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Browse/Search:plot%20graphic%20organizer

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Activity5 -Alice Low
Direction: Give the tone, mood, technique and purpose of the author in
writing the text .

Tone of my story Mood of my story

Technique of my story My purpose of writing

Photo sourcehttps://www.scholastic.com/teachers/authors/alice-low/
RetrievedMay 31,2020

Activity 6. Theme (Pair Activity))

Direction: Read again the story of Orpheus.” Identify a theme and look at
how the elements you have identified contribute to it. Write your answers in
the table below

Theme:_____________________________________________________________
Elements Observation Contribution of the
Elements to the Theme

Character

Plot

Point of view

Style

Tone

https://www.bespokeclassroom.com/blog/2016/5/10/characterization-activities-for-any-
text

11
 Add -on

Movie adaptation-This is the

transfer of written work, in whole
or in part, to a feature film. It is a
type of derivative work.
Activity 7Movie adaptation
.
Directions: Watch an inspiring video
“Castaway”onhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2GXKmeZq498.Create a time line
that features a series of events in the life of the main character.You may use
colorful drawings to portray what has happened in the story.

How did the connected events contribute to the totality of the movie?

___________________________________________________

____________________ _____________________ _____________________

_____________________ _____________________ _____________________

___________________ ______________________ ________________________

___________________ _____________________ _______________________
https://freeology.com/reading/storyboard-with-six-boxes/

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Activity 8: Modal Modes
Below are selected scenes from the movie. Create a sentence using modals that
express probability .

Go to these websites for an easy discussion on modals of

probability.https://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/410-
modals-of-possibility-and-probability-for-past-situations.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=skqj4jOSQU4

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

________________________________________________

________________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

Soure of photoshttp://earnthis.net/brian-terrills-100-film-favorites-28-cast-
away/ Retrieved June 12,2020

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Activity 9:Gifts of Change

From the story of “Orpeus and from the movie “Castaway,” you have seen
their strenghts and weaknesses and how they overcome their individual
challenges.If you possessed all the gifts they have, how would you use them in
your own personal challenges?
Direction: Fill in the two columns with your answers.

Personal Challenges Gifts to use Ways to Improve

being judgmental

lack of discipline

poor self-esteem

Impatience

Procrastination

2015. "Orpheus." In Diversity Celebrating Multiculturism Through World Literature-Grade10

English- Learners Manal, by Lerma,Angelou,Hermosa.Nedia,Liito,Grace,Annette and
Kren Liza, 57. Pasig: Department ofEducation.

Activity 10: A Story of my Own

Direction:Choose one of the personal challenges listed in activty 9or any other
challenges you`ve overcome then, present the summary of your own storyusing the
graphic organizer below.

https://sites.google.com/site/thingsinourschool/all-about-
teaching/graphicorganizerkwlchartandstorymap

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 REMEMBER

In this lesson you might enjoyed the activities highlighting the “ 8 Elements
of A Story” which covers Setting, Character, Story Plot, Conflict, Theme,
Point-of-View, Tone, and Style.

You learned that in a literary text /story, plot is very important because
without it there is no story. The plotof a story includes the events of the
story and conveys the key themes, messages, and meaning of the narrative
story. It’s what gives a story its energy and emotion.

The five elements of a plot are:

1. Exposition/Introduction: In the exposition stage of the plot of a

story, the setting and characters (especially the main character, known as
the protagonist) are introduced, as well as the main problem, conflict or goal
of the story.

2. Rising Action: The rising action stage involves an inciting incident.

The inciting incident pushes the plot into motion, events begin to build, the
protagonist takes action, and the storyline becomes more complex. During
this phase, there is often a sense of tension.

3. Climax: The climax is the turning point in the plot of a story. It

involves a “climax” (hence the name) – the central struggle. The protagonist
faces the main challenge which will eventually lead to the outcome or goal of
the story. Typically, this is the most emotional part of the storyline and it
often involves the most action.

4. Falling Action: During this stage, the action winds down, loose
ends get tied up, events are resolved and we learn the results of the
protagonists’ actions.

5. Denoument/Conclusion: In the denoument stage, the goal is

resolved and the conflict ends (could be positive, negative or neutral). This is
the end of the story.

https://www.literacyideas.com/teaching-story-elements

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 CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Direction: Fill in the blanks with correct answers.

A. TRUE OR FALSE: Write True or False before the number of each statement.

_______1. Plot is the solution of a story.

_______2. Exposition is the conclusion of the story.

_______3. Conflict is the most exciting part of the story.

_______4.Point of view is the authors' descriptions of characters, setting, and

events.

_______5. The conflict shown in the story of Orpheus is character versus himself.

POSTTEST

A. TRUE OR FALSE: Write True or False before the number of each

statement.
_______1. The mother of Orpheus is Athena.
_______2. Orpheus mother gave him the gift music
_______3. Orpheus is one of many mortal men who journeyed to the
underworld
_______4. Orpheus charmed Hades with music to release Eurydice
back to the living.
_______5. Orpheus was told he must watch Eurydice as the two left
the underworld

16
 B. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the
chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. The time and location in which a story takes place.
A. Plot B. Setting C. Conflict D. Characterization
2. Don`t judge a book by its cover is an example of _____________.
A. Mood B. Theme C. Setting D. Conflict
3. The angle where the story is told.
A. Camera view B. Character view
C. Point of view D. None of the above
4. The central, main character of a story is called
A. Protagonist B. Instigator
C. Investigator D. Antagonist
5. The opposition of forces, essential to the plot is called
_____________?

A. Character B. Setting C. Climax D. Conflict

6. The most exciting part of the story is called___________.

A. Exposition B. Setting C. Rising Action D. Climax

7. What is the sequence of events involving characters and a central

conflict called?

A. Setting B. Plot C. Conflict D. Character

8. What type of character does not change?

A. Round B. Static C. Flat D. Dynamic

9. All events after the climax and leading to the resolution:

A. Rising Action B. Falling Action
C. Exposition D. Climax
10. End of central conflict:
A. Resolution B. Falling Action
C. Exposition D. Climax
https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=story-elements-quiz_1

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 REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET
Name: _______________________ Grade and Sec.______________

REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET

Directions: Write a reflective learning on achieving the writer’s purpose by

answering the questions inside the box. You may express your answers in a more
critical and creative presentation of your great learning. Have fun and enjoy!

What other example

What learnings have can I contribute to
This lesson guides
I found from this explore and think
me to reflect on…
lesson? more?

What learnings can What good What is my

I share with my character have I conclusion on the
family and peers? developed from this lesson?

18
References
Baluyot, Benjie. 2015. Graphic organizer: KWL Chart and Story Map - All
about teaching. June 27. Accessed June 12, 2020.
https://sites.google.com/site/thingsinourschool/all-about-
teaching/graphicorganizerkwlchartandstorymap.
Donnchaidh., Shane Mac. n.d. Teaching Story Elements — Literacy Ideas.
Accessed May 31, 2020. https://www.literacyideas.com/teaching-
story-elements.
Emma. 2018. (44) How to use English Modal Verbs | Possibility & Probability
- YouTube. June 21. Accessed June 10, 2020.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=skqj4jOSQU4.
n.d. Free download | Emoticon Smiley Hug, smiley, miscellaneous, computer
Icons, yellow, stock Photography png | PNGFlow. Accessed June 18,
2020. https://www.pngflow.com/en/free-transparent-png-
mokqn/download.
Freeology Free Worksheets. 2001. Storyboard With Six Boxes - Freeology.
Accessed june 15, 2020. https://freeology.com/reading/storyboard-
with-six-boxes/.
Greek Myths & Greek Mythology. n.d. Orpheus and Eurydice, the myth about
the love of Orpheus and Eurydice. Accessed May 31, 2020.
https://www.greekmyths-greekmythology.com/orpheus-and-
eurydice/.
2000. Cast Away. Directed by Robert Zemeckis. Performed by Tom Hanks.
2015. "Orpheus." In Diversity Celebrating Multiculturism Through World
Literature-Grade10 English- Learners Manal, by
Lerma,Angelou,Hermosa.Nedia,Liito,Grace,Annette and Kren Liza, 55-
58. Pasig: Department ofEducation.
Low, Alice. n.d. "Orpheus (from Ancient Greece)." Steilacoom Historical
School. Accessed May 31, 2020.
https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?
moduleinstanceid=2150&dataid=3366&FileName=orpheus%20myth.p
df.
MEREDITH. 2016.
https://www.bespokeclassroom.com/blog/2016/5/10/characterizatio
n-activities-for-any-text - Google Search. MAY 10. Accessed JUNE 8,
2020.
https://www.bespokeclassroom.com/blog/2016/5/10/characterizatio
n-activities-for-any-text.
ProProfs. n.d. Story Elements Quiz: Can You ACE This Trivia? - ProProfs Quiz.
Accessed june 12, 2020. https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-
school/story.php?title=story-elements-quiz_1.

19
Savnal, Aditya. 2014. Jamuura Blog. December 20. Accessed May 31, 2020.
http://www.jamuura.com/blog/must-know-elements-storytelling/.
Terril, briann. 2013. Brian Terrill’s 100 Film Favorites – #28: “Cast Away” |
Earn This. Sepyember 23. Accessed June 12, 2020.
http://earnthis.net/brian-terrills-100-film-favorites-28-cast-away/.
University of Victoria Language Center study zone. 1998, Revised 2011. ELC
Study Zone: Modals of Possibility and Probability for Past Situations.
Accessed June 9, 2020.
https://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/courses/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/41
0-modals-of-possibility-and-probability-for-past-situations.htm .
Zach, Maggie,Laura and Jasmine. 2020. "A Comic Strip Tour Of The Wild
World Of Pandemic Modeling | FiveThirtyEight." Five Thirty Eight.
April 20. Accessed June 9, 2020.
https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/a-comic-strip-tour-of-the-wild-
world-of-pandemic-modeling/.

Acknowledgements
Writer: Elvira M. Limbo, MTI
Editor: Sheila M. Vergara, Head Teacher VI
Reviewer: Vicente M. Victorio, Jr, EPS
Management Team: Maria Magdalena M. Lim-Schools Division
Superintendent-Manila, Aida H. Rondilla-Chief Education Supervisor
Lucky S. Carpio-EPS and Lady Hannah C Gillo, Librarian II-LRMS

20
 Answer Key

ASSESSMENT
CHECKING YOUR PRETEST
A.TRUE or FALSE UNDERSTANDING 1. THEME
1. False 2. PLOT
2. True A.TRUE OR FALSE 3. CONFLICT
3. False 1.FALSE 4. CLIMAX
4. True 2. FALSE 5. SETTING
5. False 3. FALSE
B. MATCHING TYPE 4. TRUE ACTIVITY1:
1. B 5. TRUE MYSTERY WORDS
2. B
A. Across
3. C B. MATCHING TYPE 2. UNDERWORLD
4. A
3. EURYDICE
5. D 6. B
6. D 7. D 5. ORPHEUS
7. B 8, E 6. GLOOMY
8. C 9. A 8. HADES
9. B 10. C 10. LYRE
10.D
Down
1. PERSEPHONE
4. CALLIOPE
7. CAVE
9. STYX

21