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An Introduction To Seaborn

Seaborn is a Python data visualization library based on matplotlib. It provides a high-level interface for drawing attractive statistical graphics. Some key functions include plotting matrices and clustering algorithms to discover data structure, statistical time series plots, grids of subplots to build complex visualizations, and themes and styles to control the look of plots. Seaborn works well with Pandas DataFrames and includes utilities functions to load sample datasets for demonstrations.

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Mohammad Bangee
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122 views

An Introduction To Seaborn

Seaborn is a Python data visualization library based on matplotlib. It provides a high-level interface for drawing attractive statistical graphics. Some key functions include plotting matrices and clustering algorithms to discover data structure, statistical time series plots, grids of subplots to build complex visualizations, and themes and styles to control the look of plots. Seaborn works well with Pandas DataFrames and includes utilities functions to load sample datasets for demonstrations.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Bangee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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An Introduction to seaborn

Dr. Atif Tahir, Dr. Abdul Aziz and Dr. Nuaman Durrani
Introduction
• Seaborn is a complement to matplotlib and not a replacement for it

• It is built on top of matplotlib

• Seaborn comes with a number of customized themes and a high-level


interface for controlling the look of matplotlib figures
Cont…
• Functions that visualize matrices of data and use clustering algorithms
to discover structure in those matrices
• A function to plot statistical time series data with flexible estimation
and representation of uncertainty around the estimate
• High-level abstractions for structuring grids of plots that let you easily
build complex visualizations

• For reference and more details, please


visit: https://seaborn.pydata.org/introduction.html
Commands to Play with Seaborn
1- Show seaborn Plots:
plt.show() to display seaborn plots

2- Use seaborn With Matplotlib Defaults:


set(), set_style(), set_context(), and set_palette()

3- Use seaborn’s colors as a colormap in matplotlib:


color_palette() with n_colors as the number of colors with the argument
4- Scale Seaborn Plots For Other Contexts:
set_context() to control the plot elements.
The four predefined contexts are “paper”, “notebook”, “talk” and
“poster”.

5- Set The Figure Size in Seaborn:


plt.subplots()

6- Add A Title:
set_title()
Loading A Built-in Seaborn
Data Set
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Load iris data
iris = sns.load_dataset("iris")
# Construct iris plot
sns.swarmplot(x="species", y="petal_length", data=iris)
# Show plot
plt.show()
Loading Your Data from Pandas DataFrame
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import seaborn as sns
# Load in data
tips = pd.read_csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mwaskom/seaborn-
data/master/tips.csv")
# Create violinplot
sns.violinplot(x = "total_bill", data=tips)
# Show the plot
plt.show()
1- Regression Plot
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.lmplot(x='total_bill', y='tip', data=tips)
plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')sns.

lmplot(x='total_bill', y='tip', hue='sex', data=tips, palette = 'bright')

plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')sns.
lmplot(x='total_bill', y='tip', hue='sex', data=tips, col = 'sex')
plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sns.set()# Load the example tips dataset
iris = sns.load_dataset("iris")
# Plot tip as a function of toal bill across days
g = sns.lmplot(x="sepal_length", y="sepal_width",
hue="species",truncate=True, size=5, data=iris)
# Use more informative axis labels than are provided by default
g.set_axis_labels("Sepal length (mm)", "Sepal width (mm)")
plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sns.set(style="ticks")
# Load the example dataset for Anscombe's quartet
df = sns.load_dataset("anscombe")
# Show the results of a linear regression within each dataset
sns.lmplot(x="x", y="y", col="dataset", hue="dataset", data=df,col_wrap=2,
ci=None, palette="muted", size=4,scatter_kws={"s": 50, "alpha": 1})
plt.show()
2- Distribution Plot
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.distplot(tips['total_bill'], kde=False, bins=30)
plt.show()
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sns.set(style="white", palette="muted", color_codes=True)
rs = np.random.RandomState(10)
# Set up the matplotlib figure
f, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(7, 7), sharex=True)
sns.despine(left=True)
# Generate a random univariate dataset
d = rs.normal(size=100)
# Plot a simple histogram with binsize determined automatically
sns.distplot(d, kde=False, color="b", ax=axes[0, 0])
# Plot a kernel density estimate and rug plot
sns.distplot(d, hist=False, rug=True, color="r", ax=axes[0, 1])
# Plot a filled kernel density estimate
sns.distplot(d, hist=False, color="g", kde_kws={"shade": True}, ax=axes[1, 0])
# Plot a historgram and kernel density estimate
sns.distplot(d, color="m", ax=axes[1, 1])
plt.setp(axes, yticks=[])
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
3- Joint Plot
• We can combine different types of plots together to create a join plot
such as scatter, hex, regression…etc.

import seaborn as sns


import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.jointplot(x= 'total_bill', y = 'tip', data=tips, kind='scatter‘)
plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.jointplot(x= 'total_bill', y = 'tip', data=tips, kind='regression')
plt.show()
4- Pair Plot
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.pairplot(tips)
plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.pairplot(tips, hue='sex', palette='coolwarm')
plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sns.set(style="ticks")
df = sns.load_dataset("iris")
sns.pairplot(df, hue="species")
plt.show()
5- Bar Plot
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.barplot(x = 'sex', y='total_bill', data=tips)
plt.show()
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sns.set(style="white")
# Load the example planets dataset
planets = sns.load_dataset("planets")
# Make a range of years to show categories with no observations
years = np.arange(2000, 2015)
# Draw a count plot to show the number of planets discovered each year
g = sns.factorplot(x="year", data=planets,
kind="count",palette="BuPu", size=6, aspect=1.5, order=years)
g.set_xticklabels(step=2)
plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sns.set(style="whitegrid")
# Initialize the matplotlib
figuref, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6, 15))
# Load the example car crash dataset
crashes = sns.load_dataset("car_crashes").sort_values("total", ascending=False)
# Plot the total crashes
sns.set_color_codes("pastel")
sns.barplot(x="total", y="abbrev", data=crashes,label="Total", color="b")
# Plot the crashes where alcohol was involved
sns.set_color_codes("muted")
sns.barplot(x="alcohol", y="abbrev", data=crashes,label="Alcohol-involved", color="b")
# Add a legend and informative axis label
ax.legend(ncol=2, loc="lower right", frameon=True)
ax.set(xlim=(0, 24), ylabel="",xlabel="Automobile collisions per billion miles")
sns.despine(left=True, bottom=True)
plt.show()
6- Count Plot
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.countplot(x = 'sex', data = tips)
plt.show()
7- Box Plot
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.boxplot(x = 'day', y='total_bill', data=tips, palette='rainbow')
plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.boxplot(x = 'day', y='total_bill', hue='smoker', data=tips,
palette='rainbow')
plt.show()
8- Violin Plot
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
sns.violinplot(x = 'day', y='total_bill', data=tips, palette='rainbow')
plt.show()
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
sns.set()
# Create a random dataset across several variables
rs = np.random.RandomState(0)
n, p = 40, 8
d = rs.normal(0, 2, (n, p))
d += np.log(np.arange(1, p + 1)) * -5 + 10
# Use cubehelix to get a custom sequential palette
pal = sns.cubehelix_palette(p, rot=-.5, dark=.3)
# Show each distribution with both violins and points
sns.violinplot(data=d, palette=pal, inner="points")
plt.show()
9- Heat Plot
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
tips.corr()
sns.heatmap(tips.corr(), cmap='coolwarm', annot=True)
plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
flights = sns.load_dataset('flights')
pvflights = flights.pivot_table(values='passengers', index='month',
columns='year')
sns.heatmap(pvflights,
linecolor='white', linewidths=1)
plt.show()

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