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    Continuous Distillation Practice 1

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    Najmul Puda Pappadam
    This document provides instructions for designing a continuous distillation column to separate an ethanol-water mixture. It specifies that the feed contains 20 mole% ethanol at a flow rate of 1000 kg-mole/hr, with the distillate desired to contain 80 mole% ethanol and the bottoms less than 2 mole% ethanol. Using equilibrium data and the McCabe-Thiele method, the document determines (a) the total number of equilibrium stages required is 15, (b) the optimum feed plate location, and (c) the distillate and bottoms flow rates. The solution involves plotting the operating lines and feed line on a phase diagram and constructing rectifying and stripping sections to determine the number of stages.

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    Continuous Distillation Practice 1

    Uploaded by

    Najmul Puda Pappadam
    394 views35 pages
    This document provides instructions for designing a continuous distillation column to separate an ethanol-water mixture. It specifies that the feed contains 20 mole% ethanol at a flow rate of 1000 kg-mole/hr, with the distillate desired to contain 80 mole% ethanol and the bottoms less than 2 mole% ethanol. Using equilibrium data and the McCabe-Thiele method, the document determines (a) the total number of equilibrium stages required is 15, (b) the optimum feed plate location, and (c) the distillate and bottoms flow rates. The solution involves plotting the operating lines and feed line on a phase diagram and constructing rectifying and stripping sections to determine the number of stages.

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    This document provides instructions for designing a continuous distillation column to separate an ethanol-water mixture. It specifies that the feed contains 20 mole% ethanol at a flow rate of 1000 kg-mole/hr, with the distillate desired to contain 80 mole% ethanol and the bottoms less than 2 mole% ethanol. Using equilibrium data and the McCabe-Thiele method, the document determines (a) the total number of equilibrium stages required is 15, (b) the optimum feed plate location, and (c) the distillate and bottoms flow rates. The solution involves plotting the operating lines and feed line on a phase diagram and constructing rectifying and stripping sections to determine the number of stages.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    394 views35 pages

    Continuous Distillation Practice 1

    Uploaded by

    Najmul Puda Pappadam
    This document provides instructions for designing a continuous distillation column to separate an ethanol-water mixture. It specifies that the feed contains 20 mole% ethanol at a flow rate of 1000 kg-mole/hr, with the distillate desired to contain 80 mole% ethanol and the bottoms less than 2 mole% ethanol. Using equilibrium data and the McCabe-Thiele method, the document determines (a) the total number of equilibrium stages required is 15, (b) the optimum feed plate location, and (c) the distillate and bottoms flow rates. The solution involves plotting the operating lines and feed line on a phase diagram and constructing rectifying and stripping sections to determine the number of stages.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The passage discusses the design of a distillation column to separate an ethanol-water mixture using McCabe-Thiele method.

    A distillation column needs to be designed to separate an ethanol-water mixture with the given feed composition and specifications for distillate and bottoms compositions.

    The steps involve plotting the equilibrium curve, rectifying and stripping operating lines, and feed line and determining the number of stages by drawing triangles between the lines and equilibrium curve.

    Continuous Distillation Practice

    Dr. Omar Chaalal


    Practice
    A distillation column operating at 1 atm is to be designed for separating an ethanol-water
    mixture. The feed is 20 mole% ethanol and the feed flow rate is 1000 kg-mole/hr of saturated
    liquid. A distillate composition of 80 mole% ethanol and a bottoms composition of not more than 2
    mole% ethanol are desired. The reflux ratio is 5/3.
    Determine:
    (a) the total number of equilibrium stages required
    (b) the optimum feed plate location
    (c) the distillate and bottoms flow rates in kg-mole/hr
    Equilibrium data for ethanol-water system at 1 atm pressure are in Table given below:
    Solution
    Given:
    F = 1000 kg-mole/hr, xF = 0.20 (ethanol is MVC)
    Feed is saturated liquid, thus q = 1.0
    xD = 0.80, xB = 0.02 (maximum); R = 5/3
    First, plot the equilibrium curve using the VLE data given. Note that you
    need to convert mole% ethanol into mole fraction. Then, apply the
    McCabe-Thiele method to find the number of theoretical (equilibrium)
    trays required for the separation.

    Step 1:

    Since R and xD are known (5/3, and 0.80 respectively), plot the Rectifying
    Operating Line equation - it passes through xD on the 45o diagonal, i.e.
    the point (0.80, 0.80).

    The intercept is 0.80 / (5/3+1) = 0.30.


    Step 2:

    Plot the feed line using the q-line equation with q = 1.0 and xF = 0.20 - it
    passes through xF on the 45o diagonal.

    In this case, with q = 1.0, the q-line is a vertical line at xF = 0.20. Then
    locate its intersection with Operating line.

    Step 3:

    Plot the Striping Operation Line , by joining the point xB = 0.02 on the 45o
    diagonal to the intersection point between the Rectifing Operating line
    and q-line.
    Step 4:
    Draw triangles starting from xD (between Rectifying Operating Line and
    equilibrium curve) down to xB (between SOL and equilibrium curve). The
    change from ROL to SOL occurs when xF is reached.
    Analysis of Design:

    It is noted that the Rectifying Section has more trays (12) than the
    Stripping Section (3, including the feed tray but excluding the reboiler).
    This is because the relative volatility of ethanol decreases sharply with
    increase in ethanol concentration.
    The relative volatility is very high initially, resulting in fewer trays being

    required for separation in the Stripping Section.

    As concentration of ethanol (mole fraction) increases, the relative

    volatility drops quickly, and becomes smaller as the concentration moves

    toward azeotropic concentration (at 0.894 mole fraction ethanol).

    The distance between the ROL and equilibrium curve becomes smaller,

    signifying a drop in concentration driving force for mass transfer,

    resulting in more trays being required in the Rectifying Section.


    An ethanol - propanol solution is to be separated in a plate
    rectification column at atmospheric...
    An ethanol - propanol solution is to be separated in a plate
    rectification column at atmospheric pressure. The feed, of which is 50
    mole percent vapor, contains 40 mole percent ethanol. 98 % of the
    ethanol should be recovered in the top product, which should be 95 %
    pure by mole. The column is provided with a total condenser and a
    kettle-type reboiler. If the feed rate is 200 kmol/h and the reflux ratio is
    set at 1.7 times its minimum value, reply the followings:
    a) Draw schematically a column and show the currents and their
    compositions.
    b) Calculate the flow rates of top and bottom products and the
    composition of the bottom product,
    c) Write the equations of q-line, and enriching and stripping section
    operating lines.
    d) Find the number of the ideal plates by using McCabe-Thiele Method.
    e) Calculate the condenser and reboiler loads (duties) as kW.

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