Cloud computing – a future minded adaption

Nehal Gupta

Department of Information and Communication Engineering Technology

CNET 301-004

Mohammad Iqbal Khan

Due Date- November 1,2020

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 INDEX

Page Number Description

1 Cover page

2 Index

3 Request for report

4 Cloud Computing Definition

4-5 Cloud in our daily Life

6-7 Background and History Of cloud related technology

7 Vision of cloud computing

8-9 Cloud Servicing Models

10-11 Cloud computing types

12-13 Cloud computing Features

13-14 Virtualization

15 Virtualization Techniques

15-17 Types of Virtualization

17 Role of cloud computing in managing IT budgets

18 Critical issues in cloud computing

19 Cloud computing and power usage

19-21 Advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing

22-23 Challenges in cloud computing

24-25 Conclusion

26 Reference and annotated bibliography

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Request for Report

Respected authorities,
As an employee of this reputed organization, I have been asked to write a report on emerging
technologies on the network design of our organization. I chose “Cloud Computing” to write my
report and I want my organization to read this report to find out how migrating our entire system
including all files, databases, servers to the cloud might benefit our company. I am available in
my office from 9:30- 4:30 every Monday to Friday. After office hours, feel free to mail your
responses at [email protected]. I would be highly obliged to you.
Nehal Gupta
301104406

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Cloud Computing

According to NIST, “Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-
demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources for instance
networks, servers, storage, applications and services which can be rapidly provisioned and
release with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.” Cloud computing
in other words is the delivery of on-request computing services usually from applications to
storage and processing power from the internet on pay-as-you-use basis. The cloud computing
serves as a foundation stone for modern technology environment. The characteristics of cloud
computing environment are described as follows:

1. Internet Access

With access to cloud servers, an organization can migrate its entire data to the cloud. With this
option, authenticated users can access the data from almost anywhere and anytime.

2. Subscription

Cloud services are pay-as-you-use services, users only pay for the services they are going to use.
This prevents users from paying for the services they are never going to use.

3. Security

Cloud computing provides servers enhanced with security and safety to prevent loss of data and
hence it is considered the safest protocol.

Cloud in our daily life

The cloud computing has been a part of our daily life and we are reliable on it without even
realizing. It has been a vital part of numerous smartphone and desktop applications which are
used by millions of people on regular basis. However, this technology is a complex thing to
understand for naïve non tech people. Below is a list of five uses of cloud computing in day to
day activities:

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 1. Video streaming applications.

The on-demand streaming services which are commonly used for watching live sports like
hotstar, Web series like Netflix incorporates the use of cloud servers. The end users get the
advantage from cost-efficient services even though providers of such services make the use of
expensive technology to provide these services.

2. Backup and Restore services

In this era of advancement, the users of mobile phones and computer systems usually have a lot
of data to store. One of the use of cloud service can be found in backup and restore applications
that users use to backup their data to an online cloud and can restore it whenever they would like
to do it. For example, iCloud and Dropbox.

3. Chatbots

Cloud computing, along with cutting edge calculations, can make intuitive chatbots. It's a savvy
apparatus that empowers organizations to improve deals channels and update online help
administrations to get computerized and simpler to oversee. A chatbot has the capacity, through
direct correspondence with a virtual administrator, to envision the inquiries of an expected client.
Additionally, it can coordinate clients toward the correct answer, which can be a FAQ page, a
particular strategic plan, or the exemplary Contact us page, where they can connect with the
business division.

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Background- Why it is called cloud computing

A crucial idea driving the idea of cloud computing is that the area of the administration, and a
significant number of the hardware, for example, the equipment or working framework on which
it is running, are to a great extent insignificant to the client. It's in view of this that the
representation of the cloud was acquired from old telecoms network schematics, in which the
public phone organization (and later the web) was frequently spoken to as a cloud to mean that
the simply didn't make a difference - it was only a haze of stuff. This is a distortion obviously;
for some clients’ area of their administrations and information stays a main point of contention.

History of Cloud computing

Cloud computing is a technological advancement technique which has been in the markets since
early 2000s, when computer services allowed organizations to lease mainframe systems, rather
than buying them which result in cutting costs on the part of blooming organizations.

1960

Back in 1960s, the computer scientist John McCarthy developed the concept of timesharing.

1969

In 1969, the idea of Galactic Network was introduced by J.C.R. Licklider, who later on
developed American security network that is ARPANET.

1970

In 1970, making the use of virtualization softwares like VMWare came into use and it was now
possible to run more than one operating system simultaneously in an isolated environment.

1997

The year 1997 saw the emergence of first even known definition of cloud computing by Prof.
Ramnath Chellappa in United States Of America

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1999

The emergence of Salesforce.com engineered the concept of delivering enterprise application via
simple website.

2006

The amazon expanded its cloud services resulting in the creation of Amazon Web Services
which was previously known as Elastic Compute Cloud or EC2. This new technology allowed
people to access computer systems and run their own personal applications on the cloud. The
subscription services or more popularly known as pay-as-you-use services were also introduced
in 2006.

2013

An investment of around $78 billion was made be worldwide public cloud services market with
Infrastructure as a service (IAAS), which is one of the most commonly used cloud service
models today.

Vision of Cloud Computing

The cloud computing model is under ongoing process. Following are some of the forecasts that
the people can expect in near future:

1. Cloud computing concept would become more popular and stronger in the coming years
with rapid and continuous growth.
2. More than 70 % of all the IT will be in the cloud within next few decades.
3. Data for organizational as well as personal use will be available everywhere and any
authenticated user would be able to access it.
4. There would be continuous improvements in the fields of security and reliability of the
cloud.

The future of cloud computing is however unpredictable. The rate at which cloud model had seen
growth in last few years makes it nearly impossible to predict its future.

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Cloud Servicing Models

Organizations are encountering an extraordinary weight on their IT framework as they battle to

meet developing client's needs for quick, solid, and secure administration of their resources. As
they attempt to build the handling force and data storage abilities of their IT frameworks, these
organizations find that the turn of events and support of a robust, adaptable, and secure IT
foundation is restrictively costly. However, cloud computing provides an option to cut the costs
of buying hardware for such tasks. Therefore, instead of buying extra hardware, organizations
can make the use of internet-based services. These providers offer services such as software,
storage and management of data at an affordable price.

Cloud computing is basically offered in three service models and three of them satisfy a different
set of organizational requirements. These three models are:

 Software as a service (SAAS)

 Platform as a service (PAAS)
 Infrastructure as a service (IAAS)

SAAS or Software as a service provides users with the applications which can be accessed over
the web and are not managed be the respective companies but are managed by the software
provider. The users need no to buy these services and they can get these services on a
subscription basis and they can only pay for the services they are going to use for developing
their applications. Everything is available online when user’s login into their account and this
access can be made from anywhere and anytime. SAAS billing is usually based of users, the time
user is using the user, amount of data stored and number of transactions processed. This cloud
service model has largest market share out of all the three models.

SAAS Delivery: Online

SAAS Advantages:

 Software can be accessed from any device.

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  Everything is available over the internet.
 The user does not need to install and run software applications on their computer.

Examples: BigCommerce, Google Apps, Dropbox.

PAAS or platform as a service offers access to a cloud-based environment which allows users to
build and deliver applications without the need of installing and working on integrated
development environments which are normally expensive. The users can often customize the
features they want in their subscription. A PAAS vendor provides the user hardware as well as
software tools over the internet and the users use these tools to develop the applications. The
users of PAAS service model are usually the developers.

PAAS Delivery: Online

PAAS Advantages:

 PaaS provides the platform for the application developers to create unambiguous and
customizable softwares.
 The developers do not need to start from beginning as PaaS provides them with
development platform.
 It is a good choice for businesses who want to create customizable applications.

Examples: Force.com, AWS.

IAAS or infrastructure as a service provides a unique way of getting computation capabilities on

subscription basis over the internet. These resources usually include storage facility, networks,
processing facility, and virtual private servers. Just like SaaS and PaaS service providers, IaaS
services are charged under subscription scheme in which users are charged according to the
amount of storage used. In this model, the potential users do not need to manage or build their
own infrastructure because it is the responsibility of the provider to guarantee the resources and
their availability.
IAAS Delivery: Online

IAAS Advantages:

 Choosing IaaS is safer and more reliable.

 It is a great way to future-proof the business.

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Examples: AWS EC2, Rackspace, Digital Ocean.

Types of Cloud Computing

Cloud Deployment refers to the way a cloud service or platform is implemented and who has
access to it. There are three cloud deployment techniques which are used and these are:

 Public Cloud
 Private Cloud.
 Hybrid Cloud.
 Community Cloud.

Public Cloud

Public clouds normally have gigantic measures of accessible space, which converts into simple
versatility. A public cloud is frequently suggested for programming improvement and
community-oriented ventures. Organizations can plan their applications to be convenient, so a
task that is tried in the public cloud can be moved to the private cloud for creation. Most cloud
suppliers bundle their processing assets as a major aspect of a help. Public cloud models range
from admittance to a totally virtualized framework that gives minimal more than crude handling
force and capacity (Infrastructure as a Service, or IaaS) to specific programming programs that
are anything but difficult to actualize and utilize (Software as a Service, or SaaS).

Some public cloud models incorporate those offered by Amazon, Microsoft, or Google. These
organizations offer the two types of assistance and framework, which are shared by all clients.
The incredible benefit of a public cloud is its flexibility and subscription structure that permits
clients to arrangement greater limit on request. On the drawback, the fundamental foundation
and working arrangement of the public cloud stay under full control of the cloud supplier. Clients
may keep on utilizing the stage under the terms and conditions spread out by the supplier,
however they may experience issues localizing their resources on the off chance that they need to
change suppliers. Should the supplier leave business or roll out critical improvements to the

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stage, clients could be compelled to make huge framework changes without prior warning.
There's likewise the danger of an unpatched security weakness in the cloud engineering
presenting clients to hazard.

Private Cloud

Private clouds generally reside behind a firewall and are utilized by a solitary affiliation. An
absolutely on-premises cloud may be the supported response for associations with especially
close managerial necessities, anyway private fogs executed through a colocation provider are
getting in conspicuousness. Affirmed customers can will, use, and store data in the private cloud
from wherever, much equivalent to they could with a public cloud. What is important is that no
one else can get to or utilize those figuring resources. Private cloud plans offer both security and
control, yet these points of interest incorporate some significant detriments. The association that
has the cloud is at risk for both programming and system, making this a less conservative model
than the public cloud.

In addition, the control provided by a private cloud makes it much convenient to cease the access
to valuable data and assets of an organization. It ensures that a company would be able to
migrate its data to the cloud anytime and anywhere. However, the private cloud is not managed
by an outside vendor hence there is absolutely no chance of breaching or unauthorized break-ins.
The main drawback of private cloud is that they lack the versatility of public clouds.

Hybrid Clouds

Hybrid clouds combine public clouds with private clouds. They are intended to permit the two
stages to connect consistently, with information and applications moving easily from one to the
next. The essential advantage of hybrid model is its capacity to give the versatile registering
intensity of a public cloud with the security and control of a private cloud. Information can be
put away securely behind the firewalls and encryption conventions of the private cloud, at that
point moved safely into a public cloud climate when required. This is particularly useful in the
period of huge information examination, when businesses like medical services must stick to

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severe information security guidelines while likewise utilizing complex calculations controlled
by computerized reasoning (AI) to get significant bits of knowledge from gigantic masses of
unstructured information.

The two types of hybrid computing which are popular are Cloud bursting and the one which runs
most applications in a private cloud environment.

Community Clouds

This is the least used cloud model. Community clouds however, are a collaborative, multi-tenant
platform used by several organizations which share the same applications.

In other words, a community cloud is a private cloud with less reliability that functions more like
a public cloud.

Cloud Computing Features

Cloud computing offers a plethora of latest features incorporated with the advantages that it
provides to any organizations which employ this new technology. These features are briefly
described below:

 On demand services.

The cloud computing provides services to the users on ay-per-use basis that means the users need
not to pay for the services that they do not intend to use. The users only pay for the services that
they would be using for the process of development of a software.

 Scalability.

Scalability refers to the ability to expand or lessen the IT resources as required in order to meet
the outgoing or changing demands. In other words, scalability of an application based on cloud
computing handles the changing needs of an application.

 Elasticity.

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Elasticity is the ability to expand or shrink the infrastructure resources as required in order to
adapt to the workload changes in an automatic way so that it maximizes the use of resources.

 Quality of service (QOS)

Quality of service is a set of techniques which deploy their work on a network to guarantee the
ability to run priority application and respective traffic in limited network capacity.

 User-centric approach

The interfaces of cloud are usually independent of the locations and hence can be accessed by
well maintained interfaces like web browsers.

 Easy maintenance

The servers in cloud computing are well maintained which results in low downtime and even no
downtime at all. The updates are frequent making this technology even better with each update.

 Economical

The process of migrating the data to the cloud is a onetime investment on the part of the user
since the user only needs to buy the storage out of which a small part could be provided to other
companies to cut the yearly costs. However, only charges are basic maintenance costs

 Security

Cloud computing is known for its security as it incorporates the use of three level security to
safeguard the data and assets of the organization. It creates a snapshot or copy of the migrated
data so the data never gets lost even if one of the servers gets damaged.

Virtualization in Cloud Computing

Virtualization has been in the market since the early 1960s , but it has been only with the
emergence of cloud computing that it has become an important term in vocabulary of modern
technology. Virtualization in the cloud computing not only provides the advantage of running

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several applications and mainframe operating systems on the same server but it also provides
efficient resource utilization thereby reducing costs.

Virtualization is the process of establishing a virtual climate on a server to run a program,

without meddling with any of different administrations gave by the server or host to different
clients. The Virtual climate can be a solitary occasion or a blend of numerous, for example,
working frameworks, Network or Application workers, processing conditions, stockpiling
gadgets and other such conditions. Virtualization is also refereed to as the backbone of cloud
computing. The combination of hardware and software which promotes the creation of virtual
machines often comes up with several advantages.

Virtualization usually allows the user to create abstract layer of system resources and conceals
the complexity of hardware and software environment. It is commonly implemented with
hypervisor technology. Numerous benefits come along with virtualization and some of them are
explained below:

 Reduced costs for IT

Using an environment which is non-virtualized can be proved inefficient since the computer
system remains idle when the user is not using the application and hence cannot be used for any
other applications. But with virtualization, physical servers can be transformed into many virtual
machines, each performing a designated task.

 Less downtime

The damage caused by a natural calamity can be daunting for an IT organization. With a
virtualized environment, it is simple to duplicate or clone the virtual machine and this process
only take few minutes instead of hours.

 Increased efficiency

With a few numbers of servers, IT teams would be less engaged in maintenance tasks, which
ultimately results in increasing the efficiency.

 Turning into green-friendly environment

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When companies cut down on the number of servers they are using, it will automatically
decrease the amount of power being consumed and hence promoting conservation of energy.

Virtualization Techniques

Virtualization changes the human perspective for utilizing IT resources from physical to logical.
The major objective of virtualization is to utilize the storage, processor and network effectively
to maximize their performance levels to cut down the cost of IT resources.

 Emulation

This virtualization method changes over the conduct of the PC equipment to a product program
also, lies in the working framework layer which thusly lies on the equipment. Imitating gives
colossal adaptability to visitor working framework yet the speed of interpretation measure is low
contrasted with hypervisor and requires a high arrangement of equipment assets to run the
product.

 Full virtualization

This is the most cost-effective virtualization technique. In this virtualization, operating systems
and their respective software do run on the top of virtual hardware.

 Para virtualization

This type of virtualization initiates the communication between guest operating mainframe and
hypervisor to enhance efficiency and performance.

Virtualization Types

There are three types of virtualization used and these are:

 Server virtualization

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In server virtualization, single server performs the task of multiple servers by partioning out the
resources of a single server. This is the most common type of virtualization. The main benefits
include proper hardware utilization and less downtime. It is basically a process of creating
divisions of a physical server into many distinct isolated servers with the help of a software
application. Each virtual server run its own operating systems. There are many benefits
associated with Server Virtualization and some of these are discussed below:

1. There is no need for physical infrastructure.

2. It cut off the cost on servers.
3. Energy consumption is reduced.
4. It is much easier to backup and hence recovery of data is much simple.
5. This technique of virtualization is considered ideal for web hosting.

Some of the drawbacks are:

1. Availability issues.
2. Software licensing is a major concern with server virtualization.
3. Security could pose a threat.

Server virtualization can be further divided into: Full virtualization, Para virtualization and
partial virtualization.

Para virtualization

In this type of virtualization, an unmodified version of software runs in a modified Operating

system as a different system.

Partial Virtualization

In this type of virtualization, software needs modifications to operate.

Hypervisor

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A hypervisor is a significant part of the virtualization. It generally abstracts guest machines and
the operating framework they operate on from the original framework. There are two types of
hypervisors: -
 Type 1 Hypervisor
 Type 2 Hypervisor
Type 1 hypervisor also called as bare metal hypervisor that is installed directly on the top of a
physical server as well as its hardware. There is no software or any operating system in between
and it provides reliable stability and performance. Bare metal hypervisors have better scalability
as compared to Type 2 hypervisors. The setup process for type 1 hypervisors simple but not as
simple than type 2 hypervisors.
Type 2 hypervisor also called as hosted hypervisor is another type of hypervisor which runs
inside of an operating system of a physical host machine. These types of hypervisors have one
software layer underneath. These types of hypervisors are used in the environments with less
number of servers. With hosted supervisors there is no need to install separate software on
another machine to run virtual environment.

Type 1 hypervisors are usually used in data centers while Type 2 hypervisors are employed in
Personal Computers.

Advantages of hypervisors:

 No resources are left underutilized.

 Hypervisors improve IT throughput and performance.
 Hypervisors provide faster deployment and reduced workload.

Disadvantages of hypervisors:

 Hypervisors cannot be successfully used on domestic computers.

 Security can be a potential issue.

Role of Cloud Computing in managing IT budgets

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Distributed or cloud computing will in general move spending from capital consumption
(CapEx) to working use (OpEx) as organizations purchase registering as a help as opposed to as
physical workers. This may permit organizations to evade huge expansions in IT spending which
would customarily be seen with new ventures; utilizing the cloud to make room in the financial
plan might be simpler than setting off to the CFO and searching for more cash.

"CIOs are progressively going to cloud foundation and administrations so as to build adaptability
and soothe tension on capital spending plans," takes note of ZDNet's review of IT spending
expectations. Obviously, this doesn't imply that distributed computing is consistently or
essentially less expensive that keeping applications in house; for applications with an anticipated
and stable interest for registering force might be less expensive (from a handling power
perspective at any rate) to keep in-house.

Critical issues in cloud computing

Undoubtedly, the idea of migrating the data to cloud storage is wonderful but it has some issues
or might develop some issues which might cause degradation of the service.

1.App usage patterns.

cloud administrations are most practical for applications with maximum usage, for example, a
framework that is just utilized once per month. Utilizing the cloud for these sorts of applications
may bode well than having workers sitting unused for extensive stretches. In any case, the
financial matters have less rhyme or reason for applications with an anticipated necessity for
figuring power.

Among the top cost issues was the need to revise applications to advance them for the cloud -
particularly ones that are extremely unpredictable or have a serious extent of customization. The
expense of passing information between the cloud and corporate server farms is frequently
neglected in movement arranging, and 33% of early migrators referred to high charges for
passing information between frameworks as a test in moving their crucial applications.

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2. Unavailability of skilled employees.

The abilities needed for relocation are both troublesome and costly to discover, as they are
sought after and should regularly be acquired from an external perspective or prepared up at
huge time and cost. Once there, keeping the ability from merchants with profound pockets is
testing, Execution was additionally featured as another issue. The vast majority of respondents
said they had issues with the exhibition of their basic applications during and after relocation,
while one out of three said they would not move some basic applications because of a likely
decrease in execution.

Cloud computing and power usage

With the emergence of the concept of cloud computing, The data centers which has been sucking
huge amount of power have efficiently reduced their power consumption. There is less load on
physical servers to store the data because the data is moved to cloud servers and hence the
physical resources can be maximized to their full potential.

Advantages and Disadvantages of cloud computing

There are a number of benefits which come along the package of cloud computing and a few of
them are described below:

1. Ease of administration.

Execution was additionally featured as another issue. The vast majority of respondents said they
had issues with the exhibition of their basic applications during and after relocation, while one
out of three said they would not move some basic applications because of a likely decrease in
execution.

2. Cost-effectictiveness.

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Cloud storage is helpful for alleviating proprietorship expenses. Eliminating exorbitant
frameworks also, the necessity for the customer to look after them typically gives associations
important cost holds that more than offset the charges for cloud capacity. The expenses related
with having the ability to acquire raised measures of availability and the flexibility an association
requires are also unrivaled as far as reserve funds. Generally, the economies of scale achieved by
worker ranches essentially can't be composed by anything aside from the organizations.

3. Lower impact failures and upgrades.

It delivers services and storage hardware at a reduced cost which results in uninterrupted service
during a preplanned or scheduled downtime.

4. Simplified layout.

Cloud computing paradigms and principles are very simple to understand and easy to implement.
It complies a simplified layout which help an organization to migrate data without any hustle.

5. Mobility.

Cloud computing enables to allow access to organizational data via mobile phones and other
digital devices. For example, Salesforce has developed a mobile application to access its
softwares from mobile only.

6. Disaster Recovery.

One of the components that adds to the achievement of a business is control. Tragically,
regardless of how in charge your association might be with regards to its own cycles, there will
consistently be things that are totally out of your control, and in the present market, even a
limited quantity of inefficient vacation can have a resoundingly negative impact. Personal time in
your administrations prompts lost efficiency, income, and brand notoriety.

Yet, while there might be no chance to get for you to forestall or even foresee the fiascos that
might hurt your association, there is something you can never really speed your recuperation.

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Cloud-based administrations give snappy information recuperation to a wide range of crisis
situations, from catastrophic events to control blackouts.

7. Software upgradations.

Cloud based applications automatically refresh the servers and upgrade them instead of forcing
an IT department to perform a manual company wide update. This usually saves both time
money.

8. Competitive edge.

In this era of technology, having data stored on cloud provide a competitive advantage to the
organizations. In addition, the cloud-based companies can learn a lot regarding this new
upgradation.

9. Sustainability.

Give the current state of planet Earth, it is vital for the organizations to make a step forward
in order to prevent the damage being done to the environment. Hosting on cloud servers is
a eco-friendly notion and results in less carbon footprint.

10. Loss prevention.

Since in a cloud-based company, the data is stored on online servers hence the data remains safe
and secure and even a clone of that data is made so that in case the original copy is destroyed, the
clone copy is always present to replace it.

Disadvantages Of cloud computing

The disadvantages of cloud computing are discussed below:

1. There may be a potential problem of leaks and access of data between virtual devices
without consent.

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 2. The cloud manager can make some errors in handling the management and saving of
crucial data.
3. System crashes and errors could have a significant impact on availability of cloud
service.
4. There can be possible reliability issues.
5. There is a minute possibility that cloud paradigms might fail to maintain integrity of data.
6. When migrating the data from one cloud platform to another, an organization might face
some dire consequences because of the difference between vendor platforms.
7. Cloud computing users and customers might face the problem of limited control over
their deployments.

Challenges for Cloud Computing

It is a crystal-clear fact that cloud computing is growing as a trend. Keeping in mind all the
progress and development that cloud computing has undergone in few decades, there are several
challenges that are being faced by the businesses.

 Lack of expertise.

One of the cloud challenges companies and enterprises are facing today is lack of resources
and/or expertise. Organizations are increasingly placing more workloads in the cloud while cloud
technologies continue to rapidly advance. Due to these factors, organizations are having a tough
time keeping up with the tools. Also, the need for expertise continues to grow. These challenges
can be minimized through additional training of IT and development staff. A strong CIO
championing cloud adoption also helps.

 Management of several clouds.

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Challenges for cloud are not just restricted to one single cloud. Approximately, each organization
leverage almost 5 or more clouds.

Working despite the way that building a private cloud is genuinely not a first worry for certain
relationship, for the people who are most likely going to complete such an answer, it quickly gets
one of the essential challenges going up against appropriated figuring – private game plans
should be purposely tended to. Making an inside or private cloud will cause a basic favorable
position: having all the data in-house. Regardless, IT chiefs and divisions ought to defy
constructing and staying everything together without any other individual, which can make one
of the challenges of moving conveyed registering incredibly problematic. a private cloud.

 Migration

This is one of the major challenges that industry is facing due to cloud technology. The process
of migration involves extensive troubleshooting, Security challenges, cutover complexity,
downtime and slow rate of migration.

 Cost management and containment.

Cloud computing tend to reduce the costs for businesses by migrating data to online servers but
on- demand and scalable nature of this technique makes it sometimes difficult to predefine costs
and quantity.

 Security

Security risks of cloud computing have become a rising concern in late 2016. This type of
challenge is subjected to database privacy and security.

 Data integrity

Crucial and sensitive data and information which is migrated to the cloud should be made
accessible only for the internal use only. The third party should have any sort of access to it.

 Vendor lock-in

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Entering a cloud computing environment is simpler than leaving it. "Vendor lock-in" happens
when changing suppliers is either unnecessarily costly or just unrealistic. It may be the case that
the administration is nonstandard or that there is no reasonable seller substitute.

It comes down to purchaser caution. Assurance the administrations you include are regular and
movable to different suppliers, or more all, comprehend the necessities.

Conclusion

Today we are living in the century of technological advancement. People today have lots of data
to manage and save. For fulfilling this purpose, and to safe and protect the information created
by them , they need to use a technology that helps them to server their purpose without incurring
any illegitimate costs. By using cloud storage, clients, customers and companies will be able to
safeguard their information and data within the cloud servers without comprehending the need
for physical devices.

For cloud providers, advantage lies in economies of scale with higher efficiency as the customer
base creates and the limit of the master center to multiplex among a far-reaching base of
customers. Rather than a combination of preferences related with circulated figuring, there are
certain troubles as well. These troubles consolidate security, insurance and trustworthiness of
data, consistency in the openness of organizations, interoperability issues due to unstandardized
application programming interfaces which are uncommon to different authority associations,

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issues in examination and use of dispersed figuring, critical costs of data moves, and bugs in
gigantic degree passed on structures. Sharp, capable and effective courses of action so thought up
to overcome challenges related with dispersed registering were taken a crack at this report after a
fundamental and careful review of critical composition. Dispersed registering as a continuous
development is still at an early period of its unforeseen development and there is still so much
potential which can be recognized inferable from advancing imaginative work in such way.

Cloud computing is starting late new inventive progression that can extraordinarily influence the
world. It has various favorable circumstances that it provides for it customers and associations.
For example, a segment of the preferences that it provides for associations, is that it decreases
working cost by saving money on upkeep and programming updates and spotlight more on the
associations itself. Regardless, there are various challenges the dispersed registering must
endure. People are incredulous about whether their data is secure and private. There are no rules
or rules generally gave data through disseminated registering. Europe has data confirmation laws
yet the US, being one of the most mechanical created nations, doesn't have any data security
laws. Customers similarly worry about who can uncover their data and have obligation regarding
data. However, once, there are standards and rule the world over, conveyed processing will
change what's to come.

To conclude , I would like say that cloud computing can possibly be a troublesome power by
influencing the arrangement and utilization of innovation. The cloud could be the following
advancement throughout the entire existence of processing, continuing in the strides of
centralized computers, minicomputers, PCs, workers, PDAs, etc, and drastically changing the
manner in which ventures oversee IT. Truly, a lot of inquiries are still left to be addressed in
regards to security inside the cloud and how clients and cloud specialist co-ops (CSPs) will
oversee issues and desires, however it would be a serious modest representation of the truth to
state just that distributed computing has created revenue in the commercial center.

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Annotated Bibliography

1. Durcevic, S. (2020, August 17). Cloud Computing Risks, Challenges & Problems Businesses
Are Facing. Retrieved October 30, 2020, from https://www.datapine.com/blog/cloud-
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2. Woodford, C. (2020, October 18). Cloud computing - A simple introduction. Retrieved

October 30, 2020, from https://www.explainthatstuff.com/cloud-computing-
introduction.html

3. Hayes, B. (n.d.). Digital Library: Communications of the ACM. Retrieved October 30, 2020,
from https://dl.acm.org/doi/fullHtml/10.1145/1364782.1364786

4. Ranger, S. (2018, December 13). What is cloud computing? Everything you need to know
about the cloud explained. Retrieved October 30, 2020, from
https://www.zdnet.com/article/what-is-cloud-computing-everything-you-need-to-know-
about-the-cloud/

5. Mathews, J. (2017, July 20). Cloud Computing Advantages And Disadvantages. Retrieved
October 30, 2020, from https://www.theamegroup.com/cloud-computing-advantages-
disadvantages/

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6. Hou, T. (2020, January 10). IaaS vs PaaS vs SaaS: What You Need to Know + Examples
(2018). Retrieved October 30, 2020, from https://www.bigcommerce.com/blog/saas-vs-
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