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Wind Load Computation

The document provides information for calculating wind loads on buildings in the Philippines, including wind speed, importance factor, exposure category, topographic factor, gust effect factor, internal pressure coefficient, external pressure coefficient, velocity pressure, wind force resisting system, and wind zone classifications for different provinces. It includes wind speed, directionality factor, importance factor, exposure categories, coefficients, and equations to calculate wind load pressures in x and y directions at different heights of a building in Zone 2 with a wind speed of 200 kph.

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Alyssa Jane Flores
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46 views32 pages

Wind Load Computation

The document provides information for calculating wind loads on buildings in the Philippines, including wind speed, importance factor, exposure category, topographic factor, gust effect factor, internal pressure coefficient, external pressure coefficient, velocity pressure, wind force resisting system, and wind zone classifications for different provinces. It includes wind speed, directionality factor, importance factor, exposure categories, coefficients, and equations to calculate wind load pressures in x and y directions at different heights of a building in Zone 2 with a wind speed of 200 kph.

Uploaded by

Alyssa Jane Flores
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 32

1.

Wind Speed (V) an Wind Directionality Factor (kd)

Wind Speed
Province Zone V(kph)
National Capital Region Zone 2 200

Wind Directionality Factor


Buildings 0.85

2. Importance Factor (Iw)

Importance Factor
Occupancy Category Iw
Essential I 1.15

3. Exposure Category

z (m) Exposure α
Ground to 2nd 3.2000 B 7.0000
2nd to 3rd 6.4000 B 7.0000
3rd to 4th 9.6000 B 7.0000
4th to 5th 12.8000 B 7.0000
5th to Roof Deck 15.8000 B 7.0000

4.Topographic Factor (kzt)

kzt 1

5.Gust Effect Factor (G)

h Damping Ratio Type Dynamic Properties


15.8 0.015 Concrete 3.5443

6. Enclosed Building

7. Internal Pressure Coefficient (Gc pi)

Classification Gcpi (+) Gcpi (-)


Enclosed Buidings 0.18 -0.18

8. External Pressure Coefficient


L (m) B (m) L/B (m)
X-DIRECTION WIND 35.0000 14.0000 2.5000
Y-DIRECTION WIND 14.0000 35.0000 0.4000

9. Velocity Pressure(qz)

qz1 1.0588
qz2 1.1709
qz3 1.3146
qz4 1.4272
qz5 = qh 1.5158

10. Main Wind Force Resisting System

q=qz (Windward for hight z)


q=qh (Leeward and Sidewalls)
qi=qh

X-DIRECTION WIND
PWWX (+) PWWX (-) PLWX (+)
Ground to 2nd 0.4921 1.0378 -0.6594
2nd to 3rd 0.5731 1.1188 -0.6594
3rd to 4th 0.677 1.2226 -0.6594
4th to 5th 0.7583 1.304 -0.6594
5th to Roof Deck 0.8223 1.368 -0.6594

Y-DIRECTION WIND
PWWY(+) PWWY (-) PLWY (+)
Ground to 2nd 0.4921 1.0378 -0.9171
2nd to 3rd 0.5731 1.1188 -0.9171
3rd to 4th 0.677 1.2226 -0.9171
4th to 5th 0.7583 1.304 -0.9171
5th to Roof Deck 0.8223 1.368 -0.9171

X-DIRECTION WIND
Distance 1 7.0000
Distance 2 7.0000
Distance 3 7.0000
Distance 4 7.0000
Distance 5 7.0000

X-DIRECTION WIND (kN/m)


Ground to 2nd 2nd to 3rd 3rd to 4th
Distance 1
Wind Load Pressure (WW) 1.7224 2.0059 2.3695
Wind Load Pressure (LW) -2.3079 -2.3079 -2.3079
Wind Load Pressure (SW) -4.1115 -4.1115 -4.1115
Distance 2
Wind Load Pressure (WW) 1.7224 2.0059 2.3695
Wind Load Pressure (LW) -2.3079 -2.3079 -2.3079
Wind Load Pressure (SW) -4.1115 -4.1115 -4.1115
Distance 3
Wind Load Pressure (WW) 1.7224 2.0059 2.3695
Wind Load Pressure (LW) -2.3079 -2.3079 -2.3079
Wind Load Pressure (SW) -4.1115 -4.1115 -4.1115
Distance 4
Wind Load Pressure (WW) 1.7224 2.0059 2.3695
Wind Load Pressure (LW) -2.3079 -2.3079 -2.3079
Wind Load Pressure (SW) -4.1115 -4.1115 -4.1115
Distance 5
Wind Load Pressure (WW) 1.7224 2.0059 2.3695
Wind Load Pressure (LW) -2.3079 -2.3079 -2.3079
Wind Load Pressure (SW) -4.1115 -4.1115 -4.1115

Y-DIRECTION WIND
Distance 1 6
Distance 2 2
Distance 3 6

Y-DIRECTION WIND (kN/m)


Ground to 2nd 2nd to 3rd 3rd to 4th
Distance 1
Wind Load Pressure (WW) 1.4763 1.7193 2.031
Wind Load Pressure (LW) -2.7513 -2.7513 -2.7513
Wind Load Pressure (SW) -3.5241 -3.5241 -3.5241
Distance 2
Wind Load Pressure (WW) 0.4921 0.5731 0.677
Wind Load Pressure (LW) -0.9171 -0.9171 -0.9171
Wind Load Pressure (SW) -1.1747 -1.1747 -1.1747
Distance 3
Wind Load Pressure (WW) 1.4763 1.7193 2.031
Wind Load Pressure (LW) -2.7513 -2.7513 -2.7513
Wind Load Pressure (SW) -3.5241 -3.5241 -3.5241
Input
Output
Fixed Value

zg kz
365 0.5725
365 0.6331
365 0.7108
365 0.7717
365 0.8196

Building Type G
Rigid 0.85
CPWW CPLW CPSW
0.85 -0.3 -0.7
0.85 -0.5 -0.7

WIND
PLWX (-) PSWX (+) PSWX (-)
-0.1137 -1.1747 -0.6291
-0.1137 -1.1747 -0.6291
-0.1137 -1.1747 -0.6291
-0.1137 -1.1747 -0.6291
-0.1137 -1.1747 -0.6291

WIND
PLWY (-) PSWY (+) PSWY (-)
-0.3714 -1.1747 -0.6291
-0.3714 -1.1747 -0.6291
-0.3714 -1.1747 -0.6291
-0.3714 -1.1747 -0.6291
-0.3714 -1.1747 -0.6291

4th to 5th 5th to Roof Deck


2.6541 2.8781
-2.3079 -2.3079
-4.1115 -4.1115

2.6541 2.8781
-2.3079 -2.3079
-4.1115 -4.1115

2.6541 2.8781
-2.3079 -2.3079
-4.1115 -4.1115

2.6541 2.8781
-2.3079 -2.3079
-4.1115 -4.1115

2.6541 2.8781
-2.3079 -2.3079
-4.1115 -4.1115

4th to 5th 5th to Roof Deck

2.2749 2.4669
-2.7513 -2.7513
-3.5241 -3.5241

0.7583 0.8223
-0.9171 -0.9171
-1.1747 -0.9171

2.2749 2.4669
-2.7513 -2.7513
-3.5241 -2.7513
X-DIRECTION WIND
PWWX (kPa) PLWX (kPa) PSWX (kPa)
Ground to 2nd 0.4921 -0.6594 -1.1747
2nd to 3rd 0.5731 -0.6594 -1.1747
3rd to 4th 0.677 -0.6594 -1.1747
4th to 5th 0.7583 -0.6594 -1.1747
5th to Roof Deck 0.8223 -0.6594 -1.1747

Y-DIRECTION WIND
PWWX (kPa) PLWX (kPa) PSWX (kPa)
Ground to 2nd 0.4921 -0.9171 -1.1747
2nd to 3rd 0.5731 -0.9171 -1.1747
3rd to 4th 0.677 -0.9171 -1.1747
4th to 5th 0.7583 -0.9171 -1.1747
5th to Roof Deck 0.8223 -0.9171 -1.1747
Wind Zone for the Different Provinces in the Philippines
Province Zone Velocity (V)
Abra Zone 2 200
Agusan Del Norte Zone 2 200
Agusan Del Sur Zone 2 200
Aklan Zone 2 200
Albay Zone 1 250
Antique Zone 2 200
Apayao Zone 2 200
Aurora Zone 1 250
Basilan Zone 3 150
Bataan Zone 2 200
Batanes Zone 1 250
Batangas Zone 2 200
Benguet Zone 2 200
Biliran Zone 2 200
Bohol Zone 2 200
Bukidnon Zone 3 150
Bulacan Zone 2 200
Cagayan Zone 1 250
Camaerines Norte Zone 1 250
Camarines Sur Zone 1 250
Camiguin Zone 2 200
Capiz Zone 2 200
Catanduanes Zone 1 250
Cavite Zone 2 200
Cebu Zone 2 200
Compostela Valley Zone 2 200
Daval del Sur Zone 3 150
Davao del Norte Zone 3 150
Davao Oriental Zone 2 200
Eastern Samar Zone 1 250
Guimaras Zone 2 200
Ifugao Zone 2 200
Ilocos Norte Zone 2 200
Ilocos Sur Zone 2 200
Iloilo Zone 2 200
Isabela Zone 1 250
Kalinga Zone 2 200
La Union Zone 2 200
Laguna Zone 2 200
Lanao del Norte Zone 3 150
Lanao del Sur Zone 3 150
Leyte Zone 2 200
Maguindanao Zone 3 150
Marinduque Zone 2 200
Masbate Zone 2 200
Misamis Occidental Zone 3 150
Misamis Oriental Zone 2 200
Mountain Province Zone 2 200
National Capital Region Zone 2 200
Negros Occidental Zone 2 200
Negros Oriental Zone 2 200
North Cotabato Zone 3 150
Northern Samar Zone 1 250
Nueva Ecija Zone 2 200
Nueva Vizcaya Zone 2 200
Occidental Mindoro Zone 2 200
Oriental Mindoro Zone 2 200
Palawan Zone 3 150
Pampanga Zone 2 200
Pangasinan Zone 2 200
Quezon Zone 1 250
Quirino Zone 1 250
Rizal Zone 2 200
Romblon Zone 2 200
Samar Zone 1 250
Sarangani Zone 3 150
Siquijor Zone 2 200
Sorsogon Zone 1 250
South Cotabato Zone 3 150
Southern Leyte Zone 2 200
Sultan Kudarat Zone 3 150
Sulu Zone 3 150
Surigao del Norte Zone 2 200
Surigao del Sur Zone 2 200
Tarlac Zone 2 200
Tawi-Tawi Zone 3 150
Zambales Zone 2 200
Zamboanga del Norte Zone 3 150
Zamboanga del Sur Zone 3 150
Zamboanga Sibugay Zone 3 150
Wind Directionality, (Kd)
Structural Type Kd
Buildings 0.85
Main Wind Force Resisting System 0.85
Components and Cladding 0.85
Arched Roofs 0.85
Chimneys, Tanks, and Similar Structures (Square) 0.9
Chimneys, Tanks, and Similar Structures (Hexagonal) 0.95
Chimneys, Tanks, and Similar Structures (Round) 0.95
Solid Signs 0.85
Open Signs and Lattice Framework 0.85
Trussed Towers (Triangular) 0.85
Trussed Towers (Square) 0.85
Trussed Towers (Rectangular) 0.85
All Other Cross Sections 0.95

Importance Factor, Iw (Wind Loads)

Description Occupancy Category


Essential I
Hazardous II
Special Occupancy III
Standard Occupancy IV
Miscellaneous V

Exposure B
α 7
Nominal Height of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer,Z g(m) 365

Approximate Fundamental Frequency, η1


Type Strength Level
Concrete 56/h
Steel 42/h

Enclosure Classification Gcpi (+)


Open Buildings 0
Partially Enclosed Buildings 0.55
Enclosed Buidings 0.18

Wall Pressure Coefficients, Cp


Surface L/B
Windward Wall All Values
0

Leeward Wall
1
2
3
Leeward Wall
4
5
6
7
Side Wall All Values
Iw
1.15
1.15
1.15
1
0.87

C D
9.5 11.5
275 215

Strength Level
3.5443
2.6582

Gcpi (-)
0
-0.55
-0.18

ure Coefficients, Cp
Cp L/B (X) L/B (Y)
0.8
-0.5

2.5 0.4
-0.5
-0.3
-0.3
-0.2 2.5 0.4

-0.2
-0.2
-0.2
-0.7
Wind Speed (V)
Province National Capital Region
Zone Zone 2
V(kph) 200

Wind Directionality Factor (kd)


Buildings 0.85

Importance Factor (Iw)


Occupancy Essential
Category I
Iw 1.15

Velocity Pressure Exposure C


Floor Level Ground to 2nd
z (m) 3.2
Exposure B
α 7
zg 365
kz 0.5725
1
Topographic Factor (kzt)
kzt 1

Gust Effect Factor (G)


h 15.8
Damping Ratio 0.015
Type of Structure Concrete
Dynamic Properties 3.5443
Building Type Rigid
G 0.85

Internal Pressure Coefficient (Gcpi)


Classification Enclosed Buidings
Gcpi (+) 0.18
Gcpi (-) -0.18

External Pressure Coefficient


Direction X
L (m) 35
B (m) 14
L/B (m) 2.5
CPWW 0.85
CPLW -0.3
CPSW -0.7

Velocity Pressure(qz)
qz1 1.0588
qz2 1.1709
qz3 1.3146
qz4 1.4272
qz5 = qh 1.5158

Main Wind
PWWX (+)
X-WIND DIRECTION
Ground to 2nd 0.4921
2nd to 3rd 0.5731
3rd to 4th 0.677
4th to 5th 0.7583
5th to Roof Deck 0.8223
Z-WIND DIRECTION
Ground to 2nd 0.4921
2nd to 3rd 0.5731
3rd to 4th 0.677
4th to 5th 0.7583
5th to Roof Deck 0.8223

Summmar

X-WIND DIRECTION
Ground to 2nd
2nd to 3rd
3rd to 4th
4th to 5th
5th to Roof Deck
Z-WIND DIRECTION
Ground to 2nd
2nd to 3rd
3rd to 4th
4th to 5th
5th to Roof Deck

X-DIRECTION WIND (kN/m)


Wind Load Pressure (WW)
Distance 1 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Distance 2 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Distance 3 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Distance 4 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Distance 5 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Distance 6 (6m)
Ground to 2nd 1.4763
2nd to 3rd 1.7193
3rd to 4th 2.031
4th to 5th 2.2749
5th to Roof Deck 2.4669
Distance 7 (2m)
Ground to 2nd 0.4921
2nd to 3rd 0.5731
3rd to 4th 0.677
4th to 5th 0.7583
5th to Roof Deck 0.8223
Distance 8 (6m)
Ground to 2nd 1.4763
2nd to 3rd 1.7193
3rd to 4th 2.031
4th to 5th 2.2749
5th to Roof Deck 2.4669

Z-DIRECTION WIND (kN/m)


Wind Load Pressure (WW)
Distance 1 (6m)
Ground to 2nd 1.4763
2nd to 3rd 1.7193
3rd to 4th 2.031
4th to 5th 2.2749
5th to Roof Deck 2.4669
Distance 2 (2m)
Ground to 2nd 0.4921
2nd to 3rd 0.5731
3rd to 4th 0.677
4th to 5th 0.7583
5th to Roof Deck 0.8223
Distance 3 (6m)
Ground to 2nd 1.4763
2nd to 3rd 1.7193
3rd to 4th 2.031
4th to 5th 2.2749
5th to Roof Deck 2.4669
Distance 4 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Distance 5 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Distance 6 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Distance 7 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Distance 8 (7m)
Ground to 2nd 1.7224
2nd to 3rd 2.0059
3rd to 4th 2.3695
4th to 5th 2.6541
5th to Roof Deck 2.8781
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient (kz)
2nd to 3rd 3rd to 4th 4th to 5th
6.4 9.6 12.8
B B B
7 7 7
365 365 365
0.6331 0.7108 0.7717

Coefficient
Z
14
35
0.4
0.85
-0.5
-0.7

Main Wind Force Resisting System


PWWX (-) PLWX (+) PLWX (-)

1.0378 -0.6594 -0.1137


1.1188 -0.6594 -0.1137
1.2226 -0.6594 -0.1137
1.304 -0.6594 -0.1137
1.368 -0.6594 -0.1137

1.0378 -0.9171 -0.3714


1.1188 -0.9171 -0.3714
1.2226 -0.9171 -0.3714
0.8207 -0.9171 -0.3714
1.368 -0.9171 -0.3714

Summmary
PWWX PLWX PSWX

0.4921 -0.6594 -1.1747


0.5731 -0.6594 -1.1747
0.677 -0.6594 -1.1747
0.7583 -0.6594 -1.1747
0.8223 -0.6594 -1.1747

0.4921 -0.9171 -1.1747


0.5731 -0.9171 -1.1747
0.677 -0.9171 -1.1747
0.7583 -0.9171 -1.1747
0.8223 -0.9171 -1.1747

DIRECTION WIND (kN/m)


Wind Load Pressure (LW) Wind Load Pressure (SW)

-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115

-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115

-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115

-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115

-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115
-2.3079 -4.1115

-1.9782 -3.5241
-1.9782 -3.5241
-1.9782 -3.5241
-1.9782 -3.5241
-1.9782 -3.5241

-0.6594 -1.1747
-0.6594 -1.1747
-0.6594 -1.1747
-0.6594 -1.1747
-0.6594 -1.1747

-1.9782 -3.5241
-1.9782 -3.5241
-1.9782 -3.5241
-1.9782 -3.5241
-1.9782 -3.5241

DIRECTION WIND (kN/m)


Wind Load Pressure (LW) Wind Load Pressure (SW)

-2.7513 -3.5241
-2.7513 -3.5241
-2.7513 -3.5241
-2.7513 -3.5241
-2.7513 -3.5241

-0.9171 -1.1747
-0.9171 -1.1747
-0.9171 -1.1747
-0.9171 -1.1747
-0.9171 -1.1747

-2.7513 -3.5241
-2.7513 -3.5241
-2.7513 -3.5241
-2.7513 -3.5241
-2.7513 -3.5241

-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115

-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115

-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115

-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115

-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
-3.2099 -4.1115
Drop Down
Inout
Fixed Value
Output

5th to Roof Deck


15.8
B
7
365
0.8196
PSWX (+) PSWX (-)

-1.1747 -0.6291
-1.1747 -0.6291
-1.1747 -0.6291
-1.1747 -0.6291
-1.1747 -0.6291

-1.1747 -0.6291
-1.1747 -0.6291
-1.1747 -0.6291
-1.1747 -0.6291
-1.1747 -0.6291

DISTANCE X Y
1 7 6
2 7 2
3 7 6
4 7 7
5 7 7
6 6 7
7 2 7
8 6 7
Wind Zone for the Different Provinces in the Philippines
Province Zone Velocity (V)
Abra Zone 2 200
Agusan Del Norte Zone 2 200
Agusan Del Sur Zone 2 200
Aklan Zone 2 200
Albay Zone 1 250
Antique Zone 2 200
Apayao Zone 2 200
Aurora Zone 1 250
Basilan Zone 3 150
Bataan Zone 2 200
Batanes Zone 1 250
Batangas Zone 2 200
Benguet Zone 2 200
Biliran Zone 2 200
Bohol Zone 2 200
Bukidnon Zone 3 150
Bulacan Zone 2 200
Cagayan Zone 1 250
Camaerines Norte Zone 1 250
Camarines Sur Zone 1 250
Camiguin Zone 2 200
Capiz Zone 2 200
Catanduanes Zone 1 250
Cavite Zone 2 200
Cebu Zone 2 200
Compostela Valley Zone 2 200
Daval del Sur Zone 3 150
Davao del Norte Zone 3 150
Davao Oriental Zone 2 200
Eastern Samar Zone 1 250
Guimaras Zone 2 200
Ifugao Zone 2 200
Ilocos Norte Zone 2 200
Ilocos Sur Zone 2 200
Iloilo Zone 2 200
Isabela Zone 1 250
Kalinga Zone 2 200
La Union Zone 2 200
Laguna Zone 2 200
Lanao del Norte Zone 3 150
Lanao del Sur Zone 3 150
Leyte Zone 2 200
Maguindanao Zone 3 150
Marinduque Zone 2 200
Masbate Zone 2 200
Misamis Occidental Zone 3 150
Misamis Oriental Zone 2 200
Mountain Province Zone 2 200
National Capital Region Zone 2 200
Negros Occidental Zone 2 200
Negros Oriental Zone 2 200
North Cotabato Zone 3 150
Northern Samar Zone 1 250
Nueva Ecija Zone 2 200
Nueva Vizcaya Zone 2 200
Occidental Mindoro Zone 2 200
Oriental Mindoro Zone 2 200
Palawan Zone 3 150
Pampanga Zone 2 200
Pangasinan Zone 2 200
Quezon Zone 1 250
Quirino Zone 1 250
Rizal Zone 2 200
Romblon Zone 2 200
Samar Zone 1 250
Sarangani Zone 3 150
Siquijor Zone 2 200
Sorsogon Zone 1 250
South Cotabato Zone 3 150
Southern Leyte Zone 2 200
Sultan Kudarat Zone 3 150
Sulu Zone 3 150
Surigao del Norte Zone 2 200
Surigao del Sur Zone 2 200
Tarlac Zone 2 200
Tawi-Tawi Zone 3 150
Zambales Zone 2 200
Zamboanga del Norte Zone 3 150
Zamboanga del Sur Zone 3 150
Zamboanga Sibugay Zone 3 150
Wind Directionality, (Kd)
Structural Type Kd
Buildings 0.85
Main Wind Force Resisting System 0.85
Components and Cladding 0.85
Arched Roofs 0.85
Chimneys, Tanks, and Similar Structures (Square) 0.9
Chimneys, Tanks, and Similar Structures (Hexagonal) 0.95
Chimneys, Tanks, and Similar Structures (Round) 0.95
Solid Signs 0.85
Open Signs and Lattice Framework 0.85
Trussed Towers (Triangular) 0.85
Trussed Towers (Square) 0.85
Trussed Towers (Rectangular) 0.85
All Other Cross Sections 0.95

Importance Factor, Iw (Wind Loads)

Description Occupancy Category


Essential I
Hazardous II
Special Occupancy III
Standard Occupancy IV
Miscellaneous V

Exposure B
α 7
Nominal Height of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer,Z g(m) 365

Approximate Fundamental Frequency, η1


Type Strength Level
Concrete 56/h
Steel 42/h

Enclosure Classification Gcpi (+)


Open Buildings 0
Partially Enclosed Buildings 0.55
Enclosed Buidings 0.18

Wall Pressure Coefficients, Cp


Surface L/B
Windward Wall All Values
0
1
2
3
Leeward Wall
4
5
6
7
Side Wall All Values
Iw
1.15
1.15
1.15
1
0.87

C D
9.5 11.5
275 215

Strength Level
3.5443
2.6582

Gcpi (-)
0
-0.55
-0.18

Cp
0.8
-0.5
-0.5
-0.3
-0.3
-0.2
-0.2
-0.2
-0.2
-0.7

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