Instrumental Chemistry for Engineers

(CHE515)

EH243

Assignment: Journal Analysis

Prepared by:
1. Muhammad Afnan Bin Che Zawawi (2017466082)
2. Johan Aliff Bin Wan Ajhar (2017466056)
3. Mohamad Aiman Bin Amer (2017466092)

Prepared for: Profesor Madya Dr Kamariah Noor Ismail

A. How does ICP-OES Spectroscopy work ?
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Figure 1 : Heavy metal concentration in fish samples (mg kg-1 )(x10-2)

Figure 2 : Comparison between average concentration of heavy metal obtained in present study with the
maximum level established by MFAR (1985) and FAO/WHO (1984)(mg kg-1)(x10-2)
Figure 3 : Comparison of average heavy metal concentration (mg kg-1) between present study and
previous study
MATERIALS AND METHODS
 Graph 1: Concentration of heavy metals vs
Sites ID
250
Concentration of heavy metals (mg kg^-1)(x10^-2)

200

150
Cu
100 Zn
Cd
50
Pb

Sites ID

Graph 1

Graph 2: Heavy metal concentration vs Heavy

Heavy metal concentration (mg/kg)(10^-2)

Metals
100

80

60

40

20

0
Cu Zn Cd Pb
Heavy Metals

B. vulgaris A. esculentus B. oleracea

Graph 2
 Heavy Metal Deposition Rate (µg m^ -2 d^ -1) HPI
Areas
Cu Zn Cd Pb
a
ShiD4 18.8 159.06 4.13 4.8 3.63
LalG4 18.54 74.12 3.54 5.22 3.35
NadF6 19.3 227.62 3.36 2.75 3.5
AnaG7 15.88 219.27 5.34 2.37 3.53
VisI7 20.7 185.8 4.31 2.18 3.46
KasK7 18.71 169.67 4.68 2.35 3.45
LahE8 20.51 169.94 5.39 2.69 3.57
KabH8 23.37 207.31 5.24 3.29 3.74
ChanC9 25.38 225.01 5.91 3.4 3.84
RatG9 18.29 213.58 5.48 2.95 3.65
DasI9 17.63 222.35 3.6 2.27 3.42
MdcE10 15.05 90.23 4.87 2.55 3.21
KamG10 14.74 89.09 3.24 2.19 3.02
LakE11 11.27 68.09 2.23 1.59 2.61
SunF12 18.19 111.23 2.12 2.77 3.1
DlwC12 19.39 59.96 1.73 2.17 2.77
KndG12 15.99 44.15 1.91 2 2.61
KarF13 20.47 59.63 1.92 1.27 2.64
^ -2 ^ -1
Table 3: Atmospheric deposition rates of heavy metals (µg m d ) and heavy metal pollution index
(HPI)
Heavy Metal Concentration (µ g^-1 dry weight) HPI
Areas
Cu Zn Cd Pb
ShiD4a 34.32 59.51 2.5 1.69 2.99
LalG4 34.64 59.35 1.83 1.6 2.87
NadF6 35.08 64.87 1.72 1.24 2.8
AnaG7 29.15 58.4 3.13 1.42 2.95
VisI7 28.82 55.7 1.49 1.63 2.73
KasK7 29.14 53.58 2.03 1.54 2.8
LahE8 37.09 73.86 1.94 1.74 3.01
KabH8 27.08 51.05 1.92 1.52 2.74
ChanC9 34.9 77.88 3.67 1.58 3.19
RatG9 27.68 56.88 1.93 1.43 2.76
DasI9 35.25 55.01 1.58 1.3 2.73
MdcE10 35.25 71.57 1.87 1.54 2.93
KamG10 42.18 49.68 1.63 1.55 2.83
LakE11 27.65 50.48 1.63 1.5 2.68
SunF12 26.45 63.42 1.46 1.36 2.68
DlwC12 23.58 61.57 1.68 1.69 2.75
KndG12 22.66 56.55 1.71 1.58 2.69
KarF13 20.64 54.38 1.45 1.67 2.61

Table 4:Heavy metal concentrations (µ g^-1 dry weight) and heavy metal pollution index (HPI) of B.
vulgaris
 Heavy Metal concentration (µ g^-1 dry weight) HPI
Areas
Cu Zn Cd Pb
a
ShiD4 55.9 93.62 1.71 1.52 3.14
LalG4 41.19 76.59 3.02 1.49 3.16
NadF6 34.28 68.43 1.46 1.23 2.75
AnaG7 27.02 58.98 2.18 1.23 2.76
VisI7 26.67 94.39 2.41 1.11 2.91
KasK7 28.44 79.8 2.64 1.25 2.94
LahE8 37.67 70.4 2.07 1.19 2.9
KabH8 42.24 84.34 3.3 1.59 3.25
ChanC9 23.91 51.77 3.9 1.72 2.98
RatG9 31.11 55.73 2.86 1.73 2.99
DasI9 21.03 91.39 1.82 1.28 2.77
MdcE10 43.76 74.4 1.84 1.51 3.01
KamG10 55.9 74.09 1.24 1.19 2.88
LakE11 25.87 86.03 1.64 1.22 2.77
SunF12 31.32 81.76 1.6 1.48 2.87
DlwC12 20.4 72.79 1.67 1.31 2.67
KndG12 22.9 95.99 1.24 1.27 2.69
KarF13 19.78 79.66 1 1.15 2.48

Table 5 :Heavy metal concentrations (µ g^-1 dry weight) and heavy metal pollution index (HPI) of A.
esculentus

Heavy Metal Concentration (µ g^-1 dry weight) HPI

Areas
Cu Zn Cd Pb
a
ShiD4 46.86 86.76 2.08 1.3 3.07
LalG4 34.24 67.26 1.98 1.3 2.87
NadF6 35.66 72.68 2.18 1.54 2.99
AnaG7 32.1 63.2 1.96 1.54 2.88
VisI7 44.26 100.68 2.5 1.3 3.16
KasK7 29.56 96.66 2.5 1.5 3.06
LahE8 36.92 67.44 2.56 1.52 3.03
KabH8 39 67.64 3.08 1.3 3.06
ChanC9 35 62.06 3.04 1.96 3.12
RatG9 30.02 57.88 2.34 1.68 2.91
DasI9 47.94 98.9 2 1.58 3.17
MdcE10 37.62 94.32 1.8 1.5 3.03
KamG10 53.34 70.28 1.48 1.3 2.93
LakE11 43.04 102.06 1.6 1.18 2.98
SunF12 32.02 93.08 1.78 1.24 2.9
DlwC12 28.18 84.8 1.62 1.22 2.79
KndG12 24.9 75.76 1.46 1.38 2.72
KarF13 24.78 68.98 1.52 1.16 2.64

Table 6 :Heavy metal concentrations (µ g^-1 dry weight) and heavy metal pollution index (HPI) of B.
oleracea
 HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION (µ g^-1 dry weight)
HEAVY
METAL PRESENCE UW- UW-
B.V W- B.V PR- B.V UW- A.E W-A.E PR- A.E B.O W-B.O PR- B.O
Cu 38.29 29.5 23 13.8 9.18 33 41.13 20.27 51
Zn 75.23 47.7 37 59.05 28.1 52 76.89 54.33 30
Cd 2.68 1.53 43 3.23 1.01 68 3.31 1.31 60
Pb 2 1.31 35 1.71 1.21 30 1.75 0.91 48
Cu 38.29 29.5 23 13.8 9.18 33 41.13 20.27 51

Table 7: Effects of washings on heavy metals concentrations in vegetables

Estimated Estimated Estimated

exposure- exposure- exposure-
B.Vulgaris A.Esculentus(mg B.Oleracea (mg
RfDoa (mg person^ - Risk person^ -1 d^ - person^ -1 d^ - Risk
HEAVY METAL (mg person^ -1 1 d^ -1) index- 1) Risk index- 1) index-
PRESENCE d^ -1) B.V A.E B.O
Cu 4.00E-02 4.17E-02 1.04E+00 1.07E+01 2.68E+00 2.99E-01 7.49E+00

Zn 3.00E-01 1.60E-03 5.40E-03 5.00E+03 1.86E-02 1.31E-02 4.36E-02

Cd 5.00E-04 1.80E-03 3.54E+00 4.50E+03 9.07E+00 1.14E-02 2.28E+01

Pb 3.50E-03 8.00E-03 2.36E-01 1.80E+03 5.08E-01 4.40E-03 1.33E+00

Table 8:Risk index for daily exposure to heavy metals via vegetables
CONCLUSION