The document provides information on several topics in English grammar:
1. It discusses pronouns, possessive adjectives, plural nouns, demonstrative adjectives like this/that and these/those.
2. Other topics covered include the possessive case, the verb "to be", the present simple tense, -ing verb forms, likes and dislikes, modal verbs, prepositions of time, adjectives, adverbs, questions words, and have/has got.
3. The final section describes the use of articles a/an vs the, as well as situations that do not require articles.
The document provides information on several topics in English grammar:
1. It discusses pronouns, possessive adjectives, plural nouns, demonstrative adjectives like this/that and these/those.
2. Other topics covered include the possessive case, the verb "to be", the present simple tense, -ing verb forms, likes and dislikes, modal verbs, prepositions of time, adjectives, adverbs, questions words, and have/has got.
3. The final section describes the use of articles a/an vs the, as well as situations that do not require articles.
The document provides information on several topics in English grammar:
1. It discusses pronouns, possessive adjectives, plural nouns, demonstrative adjectives like this/that and these/those.
2. Other topics covered include the possessive case, the verb "to be", the present simple tense, -ing verb forms, likes and dislikes, modal verbs, prepositions of time, adjectives, adverbs, questions words, and have/has got.
3. The final section describes the use of articles a/an vs the, as well as situations that do not require articles.
The document provides information on several topics in English grammar:
1. It discusses pronouns, possessive adjectives, plural nouns, demonstrative adjectives like this/that and these/those.
2. Other topics covered include the possessive case, the verb "to be", the present simple tense, -ing verb forms, likes and dislikes, modal verbs, prepositions of time, adjectives, adverbs, questions words, and have/has got.
3. The final section describes the use of articles a/an vs the, as well as situations that do not require articles.
Possessive adjectives: go before nouns, without articles.
Example: She is my friend. Her name is Michelle. PLURAL NOUNS
REYES AGUADO PAOLA Página 1
ENGLISH 1
THESE/ THOSE AND THIS/THAT
We use this/these to pint out people,
animals or things that are CLOSE TO US.
We use that/those to point out people,
animals, or things that are FAR FROM US.
POSSESSIVE CASE
We use the possessive case to express possession
Formation Example Singular nouns take ´s This is the girl’s bag This is Tom´s Car Regular plural nouns take That´s my parents’ house ´. Irregular plural nouns Here´s the children´s room. takes ´s.
VERB TO BE (SER/ESTAR)
Note: we use short forms when we speak and full forms when we write.
REYES AGUADO PAOLA Página 2
ENGLISH 1
PRESENT SIMPLE
We use present simple:
For habits or actions that happened regularly.
Example: Michelle every day listening music.
For situations that are always the same.
Example: The water boils at 100°C
For daily routines.
Example: I wake up every day at 7:00 to go to school.
REYES AGUADO PAOLA Página 3
ENGLISH 1
REYES AGUADO PAOLA Página 4
ENGLISH 1
FORMATION OF -ING
REYES AGUADO PAOLA Página 5
ENGLISH 1
LIKES &DISLIKES
LIKE/LOVE/ENJOY/HATE/CAN´T STAND+-ING/ WOULD LIKE/ WANT +TO
LIKE/LOVE/ENJOY/HATE/CAN´T STAND+-ING
I enjoy listening to music
Michelle can´t stand going to museums.
LIKE/LOVE/ENJOY/HATE/CAN´T STAND+NOUN
I like ice cream. Pao hates watermelon
WANT +TO
I´d like to go to the theatre.
Michelle wants to go to the cinema.
NOTE: WE USE LIKE+-ING TO:
Say what we like in general: I like going to the gym Do you like playing among us? To say what we want to do and to make offers, invitations and request. I´d like to go to the gym. Would you like to go to the cinema with me this afternoon?
REYES AGUADO PAOLA Página 6
ENGLISH 1
MODALS VERBS
REYES AGUADO PAOLA Página 7
ENGLISH 1
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
AT: At six o´clock/half past two/at two-thirty/at noon/at night/ at midnight,
weekends/ the weekend, etc. IN: In the morning/afternoon/ evening/in two hours/in summer/in August/in 2020/in my space of time, etc.. ON: On Friday/On weekdys/ on 30th January, etc.. TILL/UNTIL: 9pm/midnight/ Friday, etc. DURING: The weekend/ the night/the winter, etc… FROM…TO/TILL/UNTIL: Monday.. Friday/ 8…4/January/May. BEFORE/AFTER: Lunch/schoolwork/ midnight, etc.
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
We use adverbs of frequency to talk about how often we do something, We place
them:
*BEFORE: The main verb.
Example: Michelle often wash her clothes on Saturdays
*AFTHER: The verb to be.
Example: Sherry! is never to start over.
WH QUESTIONS
Who? What? Where? How? How When/ How How
old? What many? ofthen? time? ¿Quién? ¿Qué? ¿Dónde? ¿Cuánto? ¿Que ¿Cuando? ¿Cuantos? ¿Que tan tan viejo? seguido? Who are What Where How are How What time How many How you? time is are you? you old are do you friends do often it? studing? you? finish you have? you go work? to the When do cinema? you relax?
REYES AGUADO PAOLA Página 8
ENGLISH 1
ADJETIVES
We use adjectives before nouns and after the verb to be.
That´s a beautiful jacket. That jacket is beautiful
Adjectives are the same in singular and in plural
This is an interesting magazine.
These are interesting magazine.
ADVERBS OF MANNER
Adverbs of manner describe how something happens. Example:
Michelle is a good driver. She drives carefully.
We form most adverbs of manner by Quiet= Quietly
adding-/y to the adjective. Careful= Carefully Adjectives ending in a consonant Easy=easily +-y, drop the-y and take -ily Adjectives ending in –le, drop the –e Terrible=Terribly and take –y. Irregular adverbs. Good= well Fast=fast Hard=hard Late=late early=early
HAVE GOT:
We use the verb have got for:
To express possession
I´ve got a blue car.
Kevin´s got a great ideal. To talk about family and relationships.
I´ve got two sisters.
To describe people, animals, and things.
Michelle has got brown eyes.
REYES AGUADO PAOLA Página 9
ENGLISH 1
NOTE:
• Both have and have got can be used
as present tenses in the above situations with no difference in meaning.
• Have got cannot be used with
actions:
I have breakfast at 8 o'clock every day.
Have got breakfast at-8-o'clock every
day.
• In the affirmative, we can use short
forms with the verb have got, but not with have.
I've got two red pens. Have two red
pens.
Jack's got a brother. Jack's a brother.
• We form the question and negative
forms of the verb have with do/does. We form the question and negative forms of the verb have got without do/does.
Do you have a business card?
Have you got a business card? Sue doesn't have a watch.
Sue hasn't got a watch.
It is incorrect to say:
Do you have got a business card! Sue doesn't have got a watch.
